JP7011298B2 - Agricultural work machine and chisel - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an agricultural work machine and a chisel capable of improving wear resistance.

Conventionally, for example, the agricultural work machine described in Patent Document 1 below is known.

This conventional agricultural work machine (subsoiler) can be attached to and detached from a work machine main body connected to the rear part of a traveling vehicle such as a tractor, a support (knife) provided on the work machine main body, and a lower end portion of the support. It is equipped with a chisel provided in. Further, the chisel has a bracket, a crushing blade attached to the tip end portion of the bracket, and a blade which is a vertical blade portion welded and fixed to a slit-shaped mounting groove of the crushing blade.

Jitsukaisho 61-10603 Gazette

However, in the above-mentioned conventional agricultural work machine, although the wear of the support can be reduced, there is a problem that the chisel is easily worn.

The present invention has been made in view of such a point, and an object of the present invention is to provide an agricultural work machine and a chisel capable of improving wear resistance.

The agricultural work machine according to the present invention includes a work machine main body, a support provided on the work machine main body, and a chisel provided on the support and crushing the soil in the field while moving in the traveling direction. The chisel has a chisel portion that crushes the soil in the field and a wear suppressing portion that suppresses wear of the chisel portion, and the chisel according to the present invention is located on the lower end side of the support of the agricultural work machine. It is provided with a support mounting portion that can be detachably mounted by a mounting tool.

According to the present invention, wear resistance can be improved.

It is a side view of the agricultural work machine which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. Same as above It is a perspective view of the chisel of the agricultural work machine. It is a front view of the chisel as above. It is a side view of the chisel as above. It is a view of arrow A in FIG. FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. It is a figure which shows the state which the chisel is attached to the support by the attachment, (a) is the rear view, and (b) is the A arrow view in FIG. It is sectional drawing of the chisel of the agricultural work machine which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a partial view of the agricultural work machine which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention, (a) is a partial front view, (b) is a partial side view, and (c) is a sectional view of a support after wear. .. It is a side view of the agricultural work machine which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention. Same as above It is a partial front view of the agricultural work machine. Same as above It is a partial side view of the agricultural work machine. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG. It is a partial front view of the agricultural work machine which concerns on 5th Embodiment of this invention. Same as above It is a partial side view of the agricultural work machine. FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD in FIG.

The first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an agricultural work machine, which is connected to the rear part of a tractor, which is a traveling vehicle (not shown), and moves forward in the traveling direction by traveling forward of the tractor to perform agricultural work such as tilling work. It is something to do.

The agricultural work machine 1 is a work machine main body 2 detachably connected to a three-point link portion at the rear of the tractor, and a subsoiler (subsoiler) which is provided on the front side of the work machine main body 2 and is a subsoil crusher for performing the subsoil crushing work. It includes a front subsoiler) 3, a cultivating body 4 for cultivating work behind the subsoiler 3, and a ground leveling body 5 for cultivating behind the cultivating body 4.

The work machine main body 2 has a shaft holding portion 8 that rotatably holds an input shaft 7 in the front-rear direction for inputting power from the tractor side, and is longitudinally longitudinal in the left-right direction on both left and right sides of the shaft holding portion 8. The inner end portion of the frame pipe portion 9 which is the main frame portion is fixed.

Further, the working machine main body 2 has a chain case portion 10 fixed to the outer end portion of the left frame pipe portion 9 and a bracket portion (not shown) fixed to the outer end portion of the right frame pipe portion 9. A cultivated body 4 is rotatably installed between the chain case portion 10 and the bracket portion. The cultivated body 4 has a cultivated shaft 11 that is long in the left-right direction, and a cultivated claw 13 is detachably attached to each flange portion 12 of the cultivated shaft 11.

Further, the working machine main body 2 has a curved plate-shaped tillage cover portion 15 that covers the upper portion of the tillage body 4, and the ground leveling body 5 can rotate in the vertical direction at the rear end portion of the tillage cover portion 15. It is provided in. The ground pressure of the ground leveling body 5 can be adjusted by the ground pressure adjusting means 17 having a coil spring 16 or the like.

Further, the working machine main body 2 has a hitch pipe portion 21 which is a front frame portion long in the left-right direction, and a plurality of, for example, two subsoiler mounting portions 22 can be attached to the hitch pipe portion 21 so that the left-right position can be adjusted. Has been done. The two subsoiler mounting portions 22 are arranged at positions corresponding to the left and right rear wheels of the tractor.

Then, the subsoiler 3 is attached to each subsoiler mounting portion 22 so as to be vertically rotatable between the working state and the obstacle avoiding state about the rotation center axis X in the left-right direction. Further, coil springs 23, which are urging bodies for urging the subsoiler 3 downward, are arranged at positions near the left and right sides of each subsoiler mounting portion 22, respectively. Therefore, the subsoiler 3 once rotates upward due to contact with an obstacle S such as a stone existing in the soil of the field (overload based on contact), and then when the overload disappears, the coil spring 23 It rotates downward due to the urging force of and returns to the original working state.

The subsoiler 3 is a vertically longitudinal and plate-shaped support (for example, a knife) whose upper end is rotatably attached to the subsoiler mounting portion 22 of the working machine main body 2 about the rotation center axis (rotation fulcrum) X. , Arm or beam or other metal chisel attachment body) 26 and the support 28, which is detachably attached to the lower end of the support body 26 by a mounting tool 28, and moves in the direction of travel (forward) to the soil of the field. It is equipped with a chisel 27 for crushing (for example, the soil of the subsoil layer at a depth of 20 cm or more from the ground surface). The fixture 28 for attaching the chisel (chisel point) 27 to the lower end of the support 26 is, for example, a bolt 28a and a nut 28b (see FIG. 7).

Here, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 6, the chisel 27 is a metal tip metal part (tip metal fitting) that has been subjected to wear resistance processing and has good wear resistance.

That is, the chisel 27 has a chisel portion 31 which is a crushing claw portion that crushes the core soil of the field, and a wear suppressing portion 32 for the chisel portion which is a ridge-shaped wear suppressing portion that suppresses the wear of the chisel portion 31. For a vertical blade portion 33 that is vertically long and has a substantially rod shape that is erected on the chisel portion 31 and crushes the core soil in front of the support 26, and a ridge-shaped vertical blade portion that suppresses wear of the vertical blade portion 33. It has a wear suppressing portion 34.

In FIGS. 2 to 5, the shaded portions are elongated convex wear suppressing portions (hard metal portions) 32 and 34. The wear suppressing portion 32 for the chisel portion is made of a metal material (high hardness alloy or the like) that is harder than the metal material (base material) constituting the chisel portion 31. Similarly, the wear suppressing portion 34 for the vertical blade portion is made of a metal material (high hardness alloy or the like) that is harder than the metal material (base material) constituting the vertical blade portion 33.

The chisel portion 31 has a vertical insertion hole 36 formed through the upper and lower surfaces of the chisel portion 31, and two left and right bolt holes 37 communicating with the insertion hole 36. There is. Then, the insertion portion 29 at the lower end of the support 26 is fitted and inserted into the insertion hole 36, and the bolt hole 30 of the insertion portion 29 and the bolt hole 37 of the chisel portion 31 are fitted with the bolt 28a of the fixture 28. Is inserted, and the nut 28b is screwed into the bolt 28a, so that the attachment portion 42 of the chisel portion 31 is detachably attached to the insertion portion 29 of the support 26.

In addition, the chisel portion 31 is a front-viewing substantially pentagonal crushing plate portion (tip metal portion) 41 and a support 26, which are located on a forward downward slope and crush and lift the subsoil of the field with a predetermined working width. The insertion portion 29 has a side view substantially triangular attachment portion 42 to which the insertion portion 29 is attached via the attachment 28. The mounting portion 42 is a support mounting portion that is detachably attached to the lower end side of the support 26 by the mounting tool 28. Further, the inclination angle α of the plate-shaped crushed plate portion 41 with respect to the horizontal direction during work is, for example, 5 degrees to 45 degrees, preferably 20 degrees (see FIG. 4).

The crushed plate portion 41 has a front surface 46, left and right side surfaces 47, a rear surface 48, an upper surface 49, and a lower surface 50. Each side surface 47 is composed of a first side surface 47a, a second side surface 47b, and a third side surface 47c located in order from front to back, and the front side first side surface 47a and the rear side third side surface 47c are in the front-rear direction. It is located along the direction of inclination.

The upper surface 49 is composed of a pair of left and right first upper surfaces 49a, a second upper surface 49b, and a third upper surface 49c (six surfaces in total), and both second upper surfaces 49b are on an inclined plane with an inclination angle α. It is located and an upper surface opening 36a of the insertion hole 36 is formed between the rear portions of both second upper surfaces 49b. Further, the first upper surface 49a and the third upper surface 49c are located on the planes inclined with respect to the planes inclined with the inclination angle α.

The mounting portion 42 has left and right side surfaces 51, a rear surface 52, an upper surface 53, and a lower surface 54. Each side surface 51 is composed of a first side surface 51a, a second side surface 51b, and a third side surface 51c located in order from front to back, and the first side surface 51a is located along a direction inclined with respect to the front-rear direction. The second side surface 51b is located along the left-right direction, and the third side surface 51c is located along the front-rear direction (see FIG. 5).

Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the mounting portion 42 has a covering portion 43 covering the front of the mounting tool 28 on both the left and right sides, and one covering portion 43 covers the front of the head of the bolt 28a. The other covering portion 43 covers the front of the nut 28b. That is, the second side surface 51b formed on one covering portion 43 is located in front of the head of the bolt 28a, and the second side surface 51b formed on the other covering portion 43 is located in front of the nut 28b. ing. In other words, the head of the bolt 28a and the nut 28b are hidden behind the second side surface 51b.

The wear suppressing portion 32 for the chisel portion is provided on the front side, which is the front side of the chisel portion 31, and the side surface side, which is the left and right lateral sides, by welding hard metal or the like.

That is, as shown in FIG. 2 and the like, the wear suppressing portion 32 for the chisel portion is the entire front surface 46 of the crushing plate portion 41 (not limited to the entire portion, but may be a part thereof. Often, conversely, the "part" may be the whole), a part of each side surface 47 of the crushing plate portion 41 (for example, the first side surface 47a and the second side surface 47b), and one of each side surface 51 of the mounting portion 42. It is provided in a ridge shape over a portion (a corner portion between the first side surface 51a and the second side surface 51b).

Specifically, the wear suppressing portion 32 for the chisel portion includes a continuous continuous first wear suppressing portion 56 provided at the peripheral end portion of the crushing plate portion 41 and a covering portion of the mounting portion 42. It is composed of two left and right ridge-shaped second wear suppressing portions 57 provided in 43. That is, the wear suppressing portion 32 for the chisel portion is composed of three protrusions. The upper end of the second wear suppressing portion 57 is connected to the first wear suppressing portion 56.

The two left and right second wear suppressing portions 57 are provided at the outer end portions of the covering portion 43, respectively, and the fixture 28 is provided in the area between the two second wear suppressing portions 57 in the rear view (rear view). Is located, and the front of the fixture 28 is covered by the second side surface 51b of the covering portion 43 (see FIG. 7).

Therefore, the covering portion 43 of the mounting portion 42 is not easily worn, and it is possible to prevent the head of the bolt 28a and the nut 28b from being worn and cannot be removed. That is, when the covering portion 43 is worn as shown by the chain double-dashed line in FIG. 7B due to repeated use in the absence of the second wear suppressing portion 57, the head of the bolt 28a and the nut 28b are exposed toward the front. Therefore, the head of the bolt 28a and the nut 28b may also be worn, resulting in a problem that the rotation operation of the bolt 28a cannot be performed. Can be prevented.

In the example shown in FIG. 2 and the like, the wear suppressing portion 32 for the chisel portion is not provided on the upper side (upper surface side) of the chisel portion 31, but for example, the wear suppressing portion 32 for the chisel portion is on the upper surface of the crushing plate portion 41. The configuration provided in a part of 49 may be used. Further, the wear suppressing portion 32 for the chisel portion may be provided only on the front side or the lateral side of the chisel portion 31, and the wear suppressing portion 32 for the chisel portion may be provided at least on the front side, the lateral side and the upper side of the chisel portion 31. The configuration may be provided in any one or two.

The vertical blade portion 33 has a front end portion (blade edge portion) 61 having a substantially triangular cross section, and the front end portion 61 is formed in a rearwardly convex curved shape from the upper end to the lower end of the vertical blade portion 33. There is. Further, the front end portion 61 has a front surface 62 and left and right side surfaces 63, and each side surface 63 is located along a direction inclined with respect to the front-rear direction.

The wear suppressing portion 34 for the vertical blade portion is projected over the entire length by welding hard metal so as to form a plurality of rows on the front end side of the vertical blade portion 33, that is, for example, two rows on the left and right extending in the vertical direction. It is provided in a shape. That is, the wear suppressing portion 34 for the vertical blade portion, which is a two-row ridge portion, is projected over the front surface 62 of the front end portion 61 and each side surface 63 (see FIG. 6).

In this illustrated example, the wear suppressing portion 34 for the vertical blade portion is composed of two rows of left and right wear suppressing portions 34a and 34b that are in contact with each other, but the configuration is not limited to this, and for example, two rows of wear suppressing portions 34. There may be a configuration in which a gap exists over the entire length or partially between the wear suppressing portions 34a and 34b.

Next, the operation and the like of the agricultural work machine 1 will be described.

When the agricultural work machine 1 is moved forward by the forward running of the tractor, the chisel 27 of the subsoiler 3 crushes the subsoil of the field, and behind this, the cultivated body 4 cultivates and the ground leveling body 5 prepares the ground. Work.

At the time of this work, the chisel 27 of the subsoiler 3 is subjected to a relatively large earth pressure from the field side, but the predetermined end portion of the chisel 27, which is easily worn, has a built-up shape made of a hard metal material. Since the elongated bulging wear suppressing portions 32 and 34 are provided, the chisel 27 is hard to wear and has good wear resistance.

As described above, according to the agricultural work machine 1, since the wear suppressing portions 32 and 34 suppress the wear of the chisel 27, the wear resistance of the chisel 27 can be improved, and thus, for example, the replacement frequency of the chisel 27 can be improved. It is possible to reduce the burden on workers and reduce costs.

Further, since the chisel 27 has a vertically longitudinal vertical blade portion 33 erected on the chisel portion 31, wear of the support 26 can be suppressed by the vertical blade portion 33.

Further, the chisel 27 gradually wears while maintaining the initial optimum shape by repeated use, so that the desired performance can be exhibited for a long period of time.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

As shown in FIG. 8, in the agricultural work machine 1 according to the second embodiment, the protrusion-shaped vertical blade portion wear suppressing portions 34 are arranged in a row on the front end side (blade edge side) of the vertical blade portion 33. It is provided. Therefore, the welding work of the wear suppressing portion 34 for the vertical blade portion becomes easier as compared with the case where the ridges are in a plurality of rows. The number of rows of the wear suppressing portion 34 for the vertical blade portion is arbitrary, and is not limited to one row or two rows, and may be, for example, three or more rows. Further, for example, the wear suppressing portion 34 for the vertical blade portion may be provided over the entire front end portion 61.

Further, in the agricultural work machine 1, the first wear suppressing portion 56 of the wear suppressing portion 32 for the chisel portion is inclined from the side surface (for example, the first side surface 47a and the second side surface 47b) 47 of the crushed plate portion 41 of the chisel portion 31. (For example, the first upper surface 49a and the third upper surface 49c) 49 are provided in a row. At this time, the first wear suppressing portion 56 of the wear suppressing portion 32 for the chisel portion may be provided in the shape of a plurality of rows of protrusions.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 9A to 9C.

As shown in FIG. 9, in the agricultural work machine 1 according to the third embodiment, the support 26 has a vertically longitudinal plate-shaped support portion 71 and a ridge shape that suppresses wear of the support portion 71. It has a wear suppressing portion 72 for a support portion. Like the wear suppressing portions 32 and 34, the wear suppressing portion 72 for the support portion is made of a metal material (high hardness alloy or the like) that is harder than the metal material (base material) constituting the support portion 71.

The wear suppressing portion 72 for the support portion is provided in a row on the front end side of the support portion 71, that is, at the center portion in the left-right direction (the center portion of the plate thickness which is the center portion in the width direction) on the front surface 73 of the support portion 71, for example. ing. For this reason, when both ends of the support portion 71 in the left-right direction are worn due to repeated use, the left and right inclined surfaces (blade-attached surfaces) 74 forming a C-shape are formed as shown in FIG. Become. For example, the wear suppressing portion for the support portion may be provided on the entire front surface 73 of the support portion 71, or may be provided in a plurality of rows instead of a single row.

Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 to 13.

In the agricultural work machine (vibration subsoiler device) 1 according to the fourth embodiment, the work machine main body 2 is a vibration holder that reciprocates in the vertical direction around the rotation fulcrum 76 based on the power from the input shaft 7 side. It has a part 77. The upper end of the support 26 is detachably attached to the vibration holder portion 77 by the attachment (bolts, nuts, etc.) 78, and the chisel 27 is detachably attached to the lower end of the support 26 by the attachment 28. Has been done.

Further, the working machine main body 2 is provided with a corter 79 and a gauge wheel 80, and the height of the gauge wheel 80 can be adjusted by operating the handle 75, and the chisel 27 is adjusted by the height of the gauge wheel 80. Working depth is set.

Further, in the agricultural work machine 1, the support 26 is vertically symmetrical and can be replaced upside down, and has an insertion portion 29 at the upper and lower ends that can be inserted into the notch-shaped insertion hole 36. Further, the support 26 has a plate-shaped support portion 81 that is longitudinally longitudinal in the vertical direction, and a protrusion-shaped support portion wear suppressing portion 82 that suppresses wear of the support portion 81. Like the wear suppressing portions 32, 34, and 72, the wear suppressing portion 82 for the support portion is made of a metal material (high hardness alloy, etc.) that is harder than the metal material (base material) constituting the support portion 81. There is.

The wear suppressing portion 82 for the support portion has a total length in a single row (may be a plurality of rows) on the front end side of the support portion 81, that is, a part of the bladed portion 83 on the tapered front end side of the support portion 81, for example. It is provided over.

Further, in this agricultural work machine 1, unlike the above-mentioned one, the chisel 27 does not have the vertical blade portion 33, and the molding 85 which is a hole forming portion for forming a hole in the subsoil layer is attached. ..

Further, the chisel portion 31 of the chisel 27 has a crushed plate portion 41 and a mounting portion 42 having slightly different shapes from those described above, and the peripheral end portion (excluding the rear end portion) and the upper surface of the crushed plate portion 41. A wear suppressing portion 32 for a chisel portion is provided in the portion.

That is, the wear suppressing portion 32 for the chisel portion is provided in a protrusion shape over the front side, the left and right side surface sides, and the upper surface side of the crushing plate portion 41 of the chisel portion 31. Specifically, the wear suppressing portion 32 for the chisel portion has a ridge shape over the entire front surface 46 of the crushing plate portion 41, the entire left and right side surfaces 47, and the central portion in the left-right direction which is a part of the upper surface 49. It is provided in. Further, the wear suppressing portion 32 (32a) for the chisel portion on the upper surface 49 is provided linearly from the front end of the crushing plate portion 41 to the vicinity of the insertion hole 36, and is in line with the wear suppressing portion 82 for the support portion when viewed from the front. They are lined up (see FIG. 11).

For example, the wear suppressing portion 32 for the chisel portion may be provided in another portion such as a peripheral edge on the upper surface 49, or in a mounting portion (holder portion) 42 which is a support mounting portion. Further, also in this embodiment, as in each of the above-described embodiments, the wear suppressing portion 32 for the chisel portion may be provided only on the front side or the lateral side of the chisel portion 31, and the wear suppressing portion 32 for the chisel portion may be provided. May be configured to be provided on at least one or two of the front side, the side side and the upper side of the chisel portion 31.

Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 14 to 16.

In the agricultural work machine 1 according to the fifth embodiment, in order to further improve the wear resistance of the knife-shaped support 26, the wear suppressing portion 82 for the support portion is on the front end side of the support portion 81, that is, for example, the support. The entire portion 83 with a blade is provided so as to cover the left and right inclined surfaces (surface with a blade) 83a of the portion 83 with a blade.

In each of the above embodiments, the chisel 27 has been described as being removable from the support 26 that supports the chisel 27, but for example, the chisel may be integrally provided at the lower end of the support. good.

Further, each of the ridge-shaped wear suppressing portions (hard portions) 32, 34, 72, 82 is made of a hard metal material, that is, a metal material in which tungsten carbide (tungsten carbide) is mixed with a steel material such as a SUP material. The surface is not limited to the hard metal portion formed in an uneven shape, and for example, it may be composed of an alloy mixed with other substances or a material other than metal.

Further, the chisel 27 is not limited to the one that functions as a part of the subsoiler and crushes the subsoil, and may be, for example, the one that crushes the soil in a portion shallower than the subsoil layer.

Further, the wear suppressing portion 32 for the chisel portion is preferably provided on both the crushing plate portion 41 and the mounting portion 42 constituting the chisel portion 31, but is provided on only one of the crushing plate portion 41 and the mounting portion 42. It may have a different configuration.

Further, the wear suppressing portion 32 for the chisel portion is preferably provided on at least both the front side and the side surface side of the crushed plate portion 41 of the chisel portion 31, but is provided only on either the front side or the side surface side. It may be configured or the like.

Although some embodiments of the present invention and variations thereof have been described, it is also possible to appropriately combine the embodiments and modifications thereof as long as the gist of the present invention is not deviated.

1 Agricultural work machine 2 Work machine body
26 Support
27 Chisel
28 Fixtures
31 Chisel part
32 Wear suppression part for chisel part which is wear suppression part
33 Vertical blade
34 Wear suppression part for vertical blade
42 Mounting part
43 Cover
71, 81 Support
72, 82 Wear suppression part for support part

Claims (9)

The work machine body and
The support provided on the main body of this work machine and
It is equipped with a chisel provided on this support to crush the soil in the field while moving in the direction of travel.
The chisel is
The chisel part that crushes the soil in the field,
It has a wear suppressing part that suppresses the wear of this chisel part, and has a wear suppressing part.
The wear suppressing portion is a farm work machine characterized in that the wear suppressing portion is provided in a ridge shape at least on the front end side and the left and right side end sides of the chisel portion. The chisel part has a crushed part that crushes the soil in the field,
The crushed portion has a front surface, left and right first side surfaces located along a direction inclined with respect to the front-rear direction, and left and right second side surfaces located along the front-rear direction.
The agricultural work machine according to claim 1, wherein the wear suppressing portion is provided in a ridge shape over the front surface, the left and right first side surfaces, and the left and right second side surfaces. The agricultural work machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wear suppressing portion is provided in a build-up shape by welding a metal material that is harder than the metal material constituting the chisel portion. Chisel
A vertical blade portion that is vertically elongated and is located in front of the support and is erected upward on the chisel portion.
It has a wear suppressing part for the vertical blade part that suppresses the wear of the vertical blade part.
The agricultural work machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the wear suppressing portion for the vertical blade portion is provided in a protrusion shape at least on the front end side of the vertical blade portion. The agricultural work machine according to claim 4, wherein the wear suppressing portions for the vertical blade portions are provided in a plurality of rows on the front end side of the vertical blade portions. The support is
Vertical support and
The agricultural work machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a wear suppressing portion for a supporting portion that suppresses wear of the supporting portion. The agricultural work machine according to claim 6, wherein the wear suppressing portion for the support portion is provided on the front end side of the support portion. A chisel used for the agricultural work machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
A chisel characterized in that it can be detachably attached to the lower end side of the support of the agricultural work machine by a fixture. The chisel portion has a mounting portion that can be detachably attached by a mounting tool on the lower end side of the support.
The mounting portion has a covering portion that covers the front of the mounting tool.
The chisel according to claim 8, wherein the covering portion is provided with a wear suppressing portion.

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