JP6940871B2 - Tillage claws and farm work machines - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to tillage claws and agricultural work machines. In particular, the present invention relates to a tillage claw provided with a coating layer having wear resistance.

Conventionally, in order to improve the wear resistance of the tilling claws equipped on a rotary working machine for agricultural work, a technique for forming a wear-resistant coating layer on the tilling claws has been known. As the coating layer having wear resistance, an alloy layer containing chromium carbide having a hardness higher than that of the base material of the tillage claw is generally used. By providing such a coating layer, the durability of the tillage claw can be improved.

For example, Patent Document 1 describes that a coating layer is provided on the surface of the tilling claw that comes into contact with the soil mass in order to prevent the tilling claw from being worn due to friction between the soil mass adhering to the cover of the rotary working machine and the tilling claw. ing.

Utility Model Registration No. 3117466

FIG. 1 of Patent Document 1 shows the positional relationship between the cover of the rotary working machine, the soil mass adhering to the cover, and the tilling claw. According to FIG. 1 of Patent Document 1, it can be seen that among the tilling claws having a curved surface, the outer curved surface comes into contact with the soil mass and is easily worn. In the technique described in Patent Document 1, by providing a coating layer having wear resistance on the curved surface on the outer side thereof, wear of the tillage claw due to contact with the soil mass is prevented. Further, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, a coating layer having wear resistance is provided on the blade edge of the tilling claw (the pointed edge formed diagonally), and the blade edge is worn when the soil is crushed and agitated. It is also configured to prevent.

However, when the coating layer is provided on the blade edge, the hardness of the blade edge is increased, but the toughness of the blade edge may be reduced. If the toughness of the blade edge is small, for example, when working in a field where many hard stones are buried, there may be a problem that the stone hits the blade edge and cracks.

Further, since the coating layer is provided on the blade edge, not only the manufacturing cost of the tilling claw is increased, but also the weight of each tilling claw is increased, and as a result, the weight of the entire tilling rotor is also increased.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to suppress wear of a tillage claw due to contact with a soil mass without impairing the toughness of the blade edge portion.

The tilling claw according to one embodiment of the present invention is attached to a rotating shaft of a tilling rotor provided in an agricultural work machine, and is provided on a blade portion curved in one axial direction of the rotating shaft and an outer curved surface of the blade portion. A coating layer having a blade edge portion and having a hardness higher than that of the other portion is provided on a part of the outer curved surface, and the coating layer is not provided on the blade edge portion.

The tilling claw according to the embodiment of the present invention is attached to the rotating shaft of the tilling rotor provided in the agricultural work machine, and is provided on the blade portion curved in one of the axial directions of the rotating shaft and the outer curved surface of the blade portion. A coating layer having a blade edge portion and having a hardness higher than that of the blade edge portion is provided in a region of the outer curved surface excluding the blade edge portion.

The coating layer may be provided in the region between the blade edge portion and the peak edge portion on the outer curved surface. In this case, the coating layer may not be provided in the vicinity of the peak edge portion.

The tilling claw may be attached to the end of the rotating shaft in the tilling rotor provided in the agricultural work machine. In particular, the tilling claw may be mounted at a position adjacent to the side plate that supports the rotating shaft.

According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress the wear of the tilling claw due to the contact with the soil mass without impairing the toughness of the blade edge portion.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the agricultural work machine of 1st Embodiment from the back side. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the agricultural work machine of 1st Embodiment from the left side. It is the figure which looked at the cultivating claw curved to the right of 1st Embodiment from the right side of the agricultural work machine. It is the figure which looked at the cultivating claw curved to the right of 1st Embodiment from the left side of the agricultural work machine. It is the figure which looked at the cultivating claw curved to the right of the 2nd Embodiment from the left side of the agricultural work machine.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the tillage claw of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the tillage claw of the present invention can be carried out in many different modes, and is not construed as being limited to the description of the examples shown below. In the drawings referred to in the present embodiment, the same parts or parts having the same functions are designated by the same reference numerals, and the repeated description thereof will be omitted.

In the specification and claims of the present application, "upper" indicates a direction vertically away from the horizontal plane (ground), and "lower" indicates a direction closer to vertical toward the horizontal plane. Further, "front" indicates the direction in which the traveling machine is located with respect to the work machine, and "rear" indicates the direction 180 ° opposite to the front. Further, "left" indicates the left when facing the direction in which the traveling machine is located with respect to the working machine, and "right" indicates the direction 180 ° opposite to the left.

<First Embodiment>
[Structure of agricultural work machine]
FIG. 1 is a view showing the configuration of the agricultural work machine 100 of the first embodiment from the back side. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the agricultural work machine 100 of the first embodiment from the left side. Specifically, FIG. 2 shows a state in which the apron (also referred to as a ground leveling body) 130 of the agricultural work machine 100 is lowered to a normal position from the left side.

The agricultural work machine 100 of the present embodiment is roughly classified into a frame 110, a shield cover 120, an apron 130, a side plate 140, a tiller rotor 150 and the like.

The frame 110 is connected to a traveling machine (not shown) such as a tractor by a top mast 135 and a lower link connecting portion 136. The frame 110 is, for example, cylindrical and has a power transmission shaft (not shown) inside leading to the chain case 105. This power transmission shaft plays a role of switching the direction of the rotational power transmitted from the PTO shaft of the traveling machine such as a tractor via the PIC (Power Input Connection) shaft 137 to the left-right direction with respect to the traveling direction. The power transmission shaft in the frame 110 is connected to a chain case 105 arranged on the side of the agricultural work machine 100, and power is transmitted to the rotary shaft 152 of the tiller rotor 150 by the chain transmission mechanism in the chain case 105. ..

The tilling rotor 150 is composed of a rotating shaft 152 and a plurality of tilling claws 154 provided on the rotating shaft 152. As shown in FIG. 1, when viewed from the back side of the agricultural work machine 100, the plurality of tilling claws 154 are the tilling claws 154L curved to the left (hereinafter referred to as "L claws 154L") and the cultivating claws 154L to the right. It is composed of curved tillage claws 154R (hereinafter referred to as "R claws 154R"), and is attached at predetermined intervals in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 152. Further, a plurality of tilling claws 154 are attached to one attachment position.

The two R claws 154R shown in FIG. 2 are mounted at the mounting position of the left end portion of the rotating shaft 152. Although not shown, two L claws 154L are mounted at the mounting positions on the right end of the rotating shaft 152, and two L claws 154L and 2 are mounted at mounting positions other than both ends of the rotating shaft 152. The R claw 154R of the book is attached to each. In the present embodiment, two L claws 154L and / or two R claws 154R are attached to one attachment position, but the type and number of tillage claws to be attached are included in this. It is not limited. Each of the two L-claw 154L and R-claw 154R is provided with a coating layer 30 for improving wear resistance. The coating layer 30 is provided at a portion where the L claw 154L and the R claw 154R come into contact with the soil mass adhering to the side plate 140, and suppresses the wear of the L claw 154L and the R claw 154R due to the contact with the soil mass. be.

As shown in FIG. 1, when the agricultural work machine 100 is viewed from the back side, the toes of the R claws 154R and L claws 154L arranged to face each other overlap each other. Therefore, the width of the area where the individual L claws 154L and R claws 154R dig up the soil partially overlaps between the adjacent L claws 154L and R claws 154R. In the agricultural work machine 100 of the present embodiment, the tiller rotor 150 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow R in FIG.

The shield cover 120 is arranged so as to cover the upper part of the tiller rotor 150. A side plate 140 is provided on the side surface of the shield cover 120. The side plate 140 may be referred to as a chain case plate, a side frame, a support frame, or the like. In FIG. 2, the side plate 140 is not shown.

The apron 130 is arranged behind the tiller rotor 150 and is rotatable about the connection portion 160 with respect to the shield cover 120. Since the center of gravity of the apron 130 is behind the connecting portion 160, the apron 130 tends to descend due to its own weight. A stainless steel leveling plate 132 is attached to the tip of the apron 130. The ground level plate 132 is configured to draw a loop from the inside to the outside of the apron 130. The ground preparation plate 132 flattens the field dug up by the tiller rotor 150.

In addition, movable extension ground leveling plates 134 are provided at both ends of the ground leveling plate 132. By opening the extension leveling plate 134, it becomes possible to level a wide range together with the ground leveling plate 132.

[Composition of tillage claws]
3 and 4 are views showing the configuration of the tilling claw 154R curved to the right included in the agricultural work machine 100 of the first embodiment. Specifically, FIG. 3 is a view of the R claw 154R of the first embodiment as viewed from the right side of the agricultural work machine 100. Further, FIG. 4 is a view of the R claw 154R of the first embodiment as viewed from the left side of the agricultural work machine 100. The shape of the R claw 154R shown in the present embodiment is only an example, and is not limited to this shape. Further, although detailed description of the L claw 154L is omitted, the L claw 154L has the same characteristics as the R claw 154R described below except that the bending direction is different.

In FIG. 3, the R claw 154R has a mounting base portion 12, a vertical blade portion 14, and a horizontal blade portion 16 in this order from the left when facing the drawing. In the present embodiment, the vertical blade portion 14 and the horizontal blade portion 16 may be collectively referred to as a blade portion. Further, in FIG. 3, the shape is gently curved from the vertical blade portion 14 to the horizontal blade portion 16 toward the front side of the drawing (direction vertically away from the paper surface). In the present embodiment, the blade surface of the R claw 154R shown in FIG. 3 is referred to as an inner curved surface.

Further, the mounting base portion 12 is provided with two mounting holes 18a and 18b in the longitudinal direction. The R claw 154R is mounted on the rotating shaft 152 of the tiller rotor 150 shown in FIG. 2 by inserting a fastening member such as a bolt into these mounting holes 18a and 18b. Such a mounting method is generally called a flange method, but the method is not limited to this, and a known holder method can also be adopted.

In FIG. 4, the R claw 154R has a blade edge portion 20 and a coating layer 30 in addition to the mounting base portion 12, the vertical blade portion 14, and the horizontal blade portion 16 described above. In FIG. 4, the R claw 154R has a shape that is gently curved from the vertical blade portion 14 to the horizontal blade portion 16 toward the back side of the drawing (the direction that approaches vertically toward the paper surface). In the present embodiment, the blade surface of the R claw 154R shown in FIG. 4 is referred to as an outer curved surface.

The blade edge portion 20 shown in FIG. 4 is provided from the vertical blade portion 14 to the horizontal blade portion 16 so as to form a curved shape along their outer edges. The blade edge portion 20 is formed by molding the end portion of the outer curved surface shown in FIG. 4 so that the cross section is oblique, and has a substantially constant blade width. In the present embodiment, the outer curved surface of the R claw 154R is a blade attachment surface (a surface on which the blade edge portion 20 is provided), but the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the blade edge portion 20 may be a single-edged blade provided only on the outer curved surface or the inner curved surface, or may be a double-edged blade provided on both the inner curved surface and the outer curved surface. Further, in the case of double-edged blades, the angles of the blades may be the same or different.

Further, the vertical blade portion 14 and the horizontal blade portion 16 have a peak edge portion 22 extending while maintaining substantially equal intervals with respect to the blade edge portion 20. Further, the horizontal blade portion 16 has a head edge portion 24 that smoothly connects the blade edge portion 20 and the peak edge portion 22 in a curved shape. As described above, the R claw 154R is curved to one side with a substantially constant radius of curvature toward the toe, so that the curved inner surface (inner curved surface) forms a rake face. The R claw 154R of the present embodiment can cultivate and disperse the soil and also gather the soil by the rake face.

The coating layer 30 shown in FIG. 4 is a coating layer having wear resistance, and is made of, for example, an alloy material. The coating layer 30 includes an alloy layer having a hardness higher than that of the base material of the R claw 154R (for example, spring steel such as SUP6), for example, an alloy layer containing chromium carbide or niobium carbide, or a self-soluble alloy layer (for example, Colmonoi alloy). (Alloy layer containing) can be used.

Of course, the alloy layer illustrated here is only an example, and any alloy layer having a hardness higher than that of the base material of the R claw 154R may be used. The hardness may be an index of the relative hardness between the base material and the alloy layer, and for example, Rockwell hardness, Vickers hardness, Brinell hardness and the like can be used.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the coating layer 30 is provided on the outer curved surface in a region excluding the blade edge portion 20. That is, the R claw 154R of the present embodiment is configured to intentionally avoid the blade edge portion 20 and arrange the coating layer 30. Specifically, the coating layer 30 is provided between the blade edge portion 20 and the ridge edge portion 22 on the outer curved surface of the R claw 154R. In the present embodiment, the coating layer 30 is not provided in the vicinity of the peak edge portion 22 (that is, there is a gap between the peak edge portion 22 and the coating layer 30), but the configuration is limited to this configuration. It's not a thing.

As described above, the L-claw 154L and the R-claw 154R arranged at the end of the rotating shaft 152 of the tiller rotor 150 are liable to come into contact with the soil mass adhering to the side plate 140 and wear their side surfaces. For example, in FIG. 1, among a plurality of tilling claws 154, the L claws 154L and the R claws 154R (frame lines) mounted at the end of the rotating shaft 152, that is, at a position adjacent to the side plate 140 supporting the rotating shaft 152. The tilling claw surrounded by 40) may come into contact with the soil mass adhering to the side plate 140. In this case, it can be said that the outer curved surface (the surface facing the side plate 140) of the L claw 154L and the R claw 154R adjacent to the side plate 140 tends to be easily worn due to contact with the soil mass.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, the coating layer 30 is provided on the outer curved surface of the L claw 154L and the R claw 154R adjacent to the side plate 140 to suppress wear due to contact with the soil mass adhering to the side plate 140. It has become. That is, the coating layer 30 on the outer curved surface of the L claw 154L and the R claw 154R prevents the soil mass from directly contacting the base material of the L claw 154L and the R claw 154R.

At this time, in the present embodiment, the toughness of the blade edge portion 20 is prevented from being reduced by not providing the coating layer 30 on the blade edge portion 20 provided on the outer curved surface. That is, rather than providing the coating layer 30 on the blade edge portion 20 to increase the hardness, the configuration is such that the maximum utilization of the toughness originally provided by the blade edge portion 20 is prioritized. In this way, by providing the coating layer 30 having a hardness higher than that of the blade edge portion 20 in the region excluding the blade edge portion 20, the L claw due to contact with the soil mass is provided without impairing the toughness of the blade edge portion 20. Wear of 154L and R claw 154R can be suppressed.

Further, since the blade edge portion 20 is not provided with the coating layer 30, not only the manufacturing cost of the L claw 154L and the R claw 154R can be reduced as compared with the conventional case, but also the L claw 154L and the R claw can be reduced. The increase in weight of 154R can be suppressed.

The coating layer 30 of the present embodiment has at least L claws 154L and R claws 154R arranged adjacent to the side plate 140, that is, L claws 154L and R claws 154R surrounded by the frame line 40 in FIG. It suffices if it is provided in. However, this embodiment does not preclude that the coating layer 30 is provided on all the tilling claws 154 mounted on the rotating shaft 152. In particular, the above-mentioned effects of reducing the manufacturing cost and suppressing the increase in weight can be said to be effective when the coating layer 30 is provided on all the tilling claws 154.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the coating layer 30 is locally provided on the portion of the outer curved surface of the L claw 154L and the R claw 154R that avoids the blade edge portion 20. Therefore, for forming the coating layer 30, it is desirable to adopt a technique capable of locally forming the coating layer 30 at a desired position of the L claw 154L and the R claw 154R having a complicated shape. Therefore, in the present embodiment, a laser cladding method is used to form the coating layer 30.

The laser cladding method is to spray fine alloy powder onto the irradiation area of the laser beam, use the energy of the laser beam to dissolve the base material of the work (process target) and the alloy powder, and form an alloy layer on the surface of the work. It is a technique to form. Usually, in order to form a coating layer having high hardness, a nickel-based or cobalt-based base alloy contains chromium carbide, niobium carbide, or the like. Therefore, an alloy layer is usually used as the coating layer. Of course, the use of a pure metal layer composed of a single metal element is not excluded.

In the laser cladding method, laser light emitted from a laser device attached to the tip of an arm portion of an articulated robot having a plurality of movable axes is used. Therefore, the irradiation position of the laser beam can be freely controlled in the three-dimensional space. Therefore, as in the present embodiment, when the coating layer 30 is formed on the L claw 154L and the R claw 154R having a curved surface, the position of the laser beam is finely and accurately aligned along the surface of the L claw 154L and the R claw 154R. It can be controlled and is advantageous from the viewpoint of improving machining accuracy.

Further, since the energy of the laser beam is used, there is an advantage that the thermal influence is exerted only on the vicinity of the surfaces of the L claws 154L and R claws 154R, which are the objects to be treated (that is, the heat input to the base material is small). Have. That is, it has an advantage that the heat distortion and the heat-affected zone generated in the L claw 154L and the R claw 154R can be reduced. Further, the laser cladding method has an advantage that the thickness of the alloy layer can be easily controlled and the surface of the alloy layer is smooth.

In the present embodiment, an example in which the coating layer 30 is formed by the laser cladding method is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the coating layer 30 may be formed by another method such as a PPW (plasma powder welding) method or a thermal spraying method.

<Second Embodiment>
In the present embodiment, an example in which the coating layer is provided in a mode different from that of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a view of the R claw 204R of the present embodiment as viewed from the left side of the agricultural work machine 100. However, in FIG. 5, a detailed description of the same configuration as in FIG. 4 will be omitted by using the same reference numerals as in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 5, in the R claw 204R of the present embodiment, the coating layer 30a is provided up to the vicinity of the ridge portion 22 on the outer curved surface (that is, the region adjacent to the ridge portion 22). .. In other words, in the present embodiment, the coating layer 30a is provided up to the end of the outer curved surface on the side where the peak edge portion 22 is located. However, also in this embodiment, the coating layer 30a is not provided on the blade edge portion 20, but is provided on the region excluding the blade edge portion 20.

In the R claw 204R of the present embodiment, the coating layer 30a is locally arranged on the region of the outer curved surface excluding the blade edge portion 20 as in the first embodiment. Therefore, as in the first embodiment, it is possible to suppress the wear of the L-claw 204L and the R-claw 204R due to contact with the soil mass without impairing the toughness of the blade edge portion 20.

Although the present invention has been described above with reference to the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be appropriately modified without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, those skilled in the art with appropriate additions, deletions, or design changes of components based on the tillage claws of each embodiment are also included in the scope of the present invention as long as the gist of the present invention is provided.

Further, even if other effects different from the effects brought about by the embodiments of the above-described embodiments, those that are clear from the description of the present specification or those that can be easily predicted by those skilled in the art are referred to. Naturally, it is understood that it is brought about by the present invention.

12 ... Mounting base, 14 ... Vertical blade, 16 ... Horizontal blade, 18a, 18b ... Mounting hole, 20 ... Blade edge, 22 ... Peak edge, 24 ... Head edge, 30, 30a ... Coating layer, 100 Agricultural work machine, 105 ... Chain case, 110 ... Frame, 120 ... Shield cover, 130 ... Apron, 132 ... Ground plate, 134 ... Extension ground plate, 135 ... Top mast, 137 ... PIC shaft, 140 ... Side plate, 150 ... Tiller rotor, 152 ... Rotating shaft, 154L ... L claw, 154R ... R claw, 204R ... R claw, 160 ... Connection

Claims (7)

It is a tilling claw attached to the rotating shaft of the tilling rotor provided in the agricultural work machine.
It has a blade portion that curves in one of the axial directions of the rotating shaft, and a blade edge portion provided on the outer curved surface of the blade portion.
A coating layer having a hardness higher than that of the other portion is provided on a part of the outer curved surface.
The coating layer is a tillage claw that is not provided on the blade edge portion. It is a tilling claw attached to the rotating shaft of the tilling rotor provided in the agricultural work machine.
It has a blade portion that curves in one of the axial directions of the rotating shaft, and a blade edge portion provided on the outer curved surface of the blade portion.
A tillage claw in which a coating layer having a hardness higher than that of the blade edge portion is provided in a region of the outer curved surface excluding the blade edge portion. The tillage claw according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the coating layer is provided in a region between the blade edge portion and the ridge edge portion on the outer curved surface. The tillage claw according to claim 3, wherein the coating layer is not provided in the vicinity of the peak edge portion on the outer curved surface. A farming machine to which the tilling claw according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is attached to the rotating shaft. The agricultural work machine according to claim 5, wherein the tilling claw is attached to an end portion of the rotating shaft. The agricultural work machine according to claim 5, wherein the tilling claw is mounted on the rotating shaft at a position adjacent to a side plate supporting the rotating shaft.

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