JP7007128B2 - Deterioration detection method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a deterioration detection method, and more particularly, the surface layer portion of the test object is photographed by an infrared thermography device, and the deterioration in the surface layer portion of the test object is based on the photographed surface thermal image of the test object. The present invention relates to a deterioration detection method for specifying a location.

Conventionally, as a deterioration detection method for parts made of an insulating material, for example, a passive thermography method, an active thermography method, a penetrant inspection test and the like are generally known. This passive thermography method is a method of detecting an abnormal portion by using a thermal image such as heat generation of a test object as a thermal image (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In addition, the active thermography method applies external stimuli (for example, heat generation due to heating, stress load, heat generation due to electromagnetic load, etc.) to the subject that does not generate heat by itself, and is sound due to the difference in heat response. This is a method for determining a portion and an abnormal portion (see, for example, Patent Documents 2 and 3). Further, the penetrant inspection is a method of detecting surface defects (for example, cracks, pinholes, etc.) by applying a penetrant to a test object and performing a developing process.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-238393 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-156733 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2010-21270

Many facilities and structures, including power distribution facilities, are mass-equipped during the period of high economic growth, and the equipment renewal cycle has been prolonged due to the stagnation of economic growth in recent years. For example, in power distribution equipment parts made of insulating materials used for power distribution equipment, the positions of deteriorated parts appearing on the surface such as cracks in porcelain and surface stains due to tracking of organic insulators are specified, and the results are obtained. It is hoped that the equipment will be renewed based on this.

However, although the above passive thermography method can be applied in a situation where a component for distribution equipment shows a heat generation phenomenon, it cannot be applied to a component for distribution equipment that does not generate heat by itself. Further, in the above-mentioned active thermography method, when it is installed in a high place and applied to a distribution facility which is a live line, it is necessary to heat it by remote control. Further, in the parts for distribution equipment, the surface-stained portion due to the tracking of the organic insulating material cannot be detected because it cannot cause a thermal change. Further, in the penetrant inspection test, there is a concern about the influence of residual substances such as penetrants and developers. It is desired to accurately identify the position of the deteriorated portion appearing on the surface of equipment parts and products other than such power distribution equipment parts.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned current situation, and an object of the present invention is to provide a deterioration detection method capable of accurately specifying the position of a deterioration portion appearing on the surface layer of a test object.

In order to solve the above problem, in the invention according to claim 1, the surface layer portion of the subject is photographed by an infrared thermography device, and the subject is examined based on the photographed surface thermal image of the subject. In the method of identifying the deteriorated portion on the surface layer of the object, the surface layer may be wetted with a liquid that can be vaporized at the surface temperature of the subject, or vaporized at the surface temperature of the subject. The surface layer thermal image taken by the infrared thermography apparatus is used as the basis for the heat load application step of spraying a possible liquefied gas onto the surface layer portion, and at the same time as the heat load application step or after the heat load application step. Including the temperature observation step of measuring the temperature change of the surface layer portion of the inspection object over time, the temperature distribution of the surface layer portion of the inspection object measured by the temperature observation step has a temperature decrease as compared with the peripheral portion. The gist is to judge the affected part as a deteriorated part.
The invention according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein the liquid is water or alcohol.
The invention according to claim 3 is the gist of the invention according to claim 1, wherein the liquefied gas is a compressed liquefied gas having a boiling point of −20 ° C. or lower.
The invention according to claim 4 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the surface layer portion of the test object is heated before the heat load applying step or at the same time as the heat load applying step. The gist is to include a heating step to be performed.
The invention according to claim 5 includes, in the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 4, a blowing step in which air is blown to the surface layer portion of the subject during the temperature observation step. The gist is that.
The invention according to claim 6 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the heat load applying step is performed by spraying or applying the liquid to the surface layer portion of the test object. Alternatively, the gist is to wet the surface layer portion with the liquid by immersing the surface layer portion of the test object in the liquid.
The invention according to claim 7 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the test object is a component for power distribution equipment made of an insulating material.
The invention according to claim 8 is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 7, the deteriorated portion is at least one of a crack generated in the component for distribution equipment and a surface-stained portion due to tracking. ..

According to the deterioration detection method of the present invention, the surface layer portion is wetted with a liquid that can be vaporized at the surface layer portion (surface) temperature of the test object, or liquefaction that can be vaporized at the surface layer portion temperature of the test object. The surface layer of the subject based on the surface layer thermal image taken by the infrared thermography apparatus at the same time as the heat load applying step of spraying the gas onto the surface layer portion and the heat load applying step or after the heat load applying step. Includes a temperature observation step that measures the temperature change of the unit over time. Then, in the temperature distribution of the surface layer portion of the subject measured by the temperature observation step, the portion where the temperature is lower than the peripheral portion is determined to be a deteriorated portion. As a result, if there is a deteriorated part on the surface layer of the test object, the surface layer is wet with a liquid or liquefied gas is sprayed onto the surface layer in the heat load applying step, so that the healthy part is liquid or vaporized. While the gas is quickly vaporized and the temperature change is mitigated, in the deteriorated part, the liquid stays and is cooled by the continuous vaporization, or the voids in the deteriorated part are cooled by the vaporization of the liquefied gas. The temperature drop continues for a relatively long time. Therefore, in the temperature of the surface layer of the test object measured by the temperature observation step, a large temperature drop was observed in the deteriorated part compared to the healthy part, and the position of the deteriorated part appearing on the surface layer of the test object was determined. It can be identified accurately.
Further, when the liquid is water or alcohol, the residual liquid on the surface layer portion of the test object can be eliminated.
Further, when the liquefied gas is a compressed liquefied gas having a boiling point of −20 ° C. or lower, the residual liquefied gas on the surface layer portion of the test object can be eliminated.
Further, when the heating step of heating the surface layer portion of the test object is included before the heat load application step or at the same time as the heat load application step, the vaporization of the liquid or liquefied gas at the surface layer portion of the test object is performed. Since it is promoted, the temperature of the deteriorated part is further lowered as compared with that of the healthy part.
Further, when the air blowing step for blowing air to the surface layer portion of the test object is included in the temperature observation step, the vaporization of the liquid or liquefied gas on the surface layer portion of the test object is promoted. In the deteriorated part, the temperature drops even more than in the healthy part.
Further, in the heat load applying step, the surface layer portion is coated with the liquid by spraying or applying the liquid to the surface layer portion of the test object, or by immersing the surface layer portion of the test object in the liquid. When wetting, the surface layer of the subject can be effectively wetted with a liquid.
Further, when the test object is a component for distribution equipment made of an insulating material, the position of a deteriorated portion appearing on the surface layer portion of the component for distribution equipment can be accurately specified.
Further, when the deteriorated portion is at least one of the cracks generated in the distribution equipment component and the surface contamination portion due to tracking, the crack and / or the surface contamination portion due to tracking generated in the distribution equipment component is removed. Can be detected.

The present invention will be further described in the following detailed description with reference to the plurality of references mentioned with reference to non-limiting examples of typical embodiments according to the invention, although similar reference numerals are in the drawings. Similar parts are shown through several figures.
It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the deterioration detection method which concerns on Example and a reference example, (a) shows the heating step which heats the surface layer part of a test object, (b) is a liquid on the surface layer part of a test object. Alternatively, the temperature observation step of measuring the surface layer portion of the test object with an infrared thermography device is shown together with the heat load applying step of spraying the liquefied gas. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the deterioration detection method which concerns on other Example and a reference example, (a) shows the heating step which heats the surface layer part of a test object, and also shows the heat load application step of immersing in water together with (b). ) Indicates a temperature observation step in which the surface layer of the subject is measured by an infrared thermography device. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the temperature change of the surface layer part of a test object by vaporization of a liquid or liquefied gas, (a) shows the state which sprayed liquid or liquefied gas on the surface layer part of a test object, (b). ) Indicates the vaporized state of the liquid or the liquefied gas. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the example of the said subject, (a) shows a high voltage cutout, (b) shows a high voltage underline. It is a table which shows the evaluation result of the deterioration detection method (subject; high voltage cutout) which concerns on Example 1-4 and Reference Example 1-3. It is a table which shows the evaluation result of the deterioration detection method (subject; high voltage underline) which concerns on Example 5-9 and Reference Example 4, 5. An example of a surface thermal image taken by the deterioration detection method (ethanol spray) according to Example 1 is shown. An example of a surface thermal image taken by the deterioration detection method (liquefied gas spray) according to the second embodiment is shown. An example of a surface thermal image taken by the deterioration detection method according to Example 3 (immersed in water without blowing air) is shown. An example of a surface thermal image taken by the deterioration detection method according to Example 4 (with air blown by immersion in water) is shown. An example of a surface thermal image taken by the deterioration detection method (ethanol spray) according to Example 5 is shown. An example of a surface thermal image taken by the deterioration detection method (steam spray) according to Example 6 is shown. An example of a surface thermal image taken by the deterioration detection method according to Example 7 (with air blown by water spraying) is shown. An example of a surface thermal image taken by the deterioration detection method according to Example 8 (immersed in water without blowing air) is shown. An example of a surface thermal image taken by the deterioration detection method according to Example 9 (with air blown by immersion in water) is shown.

In the deterioration detection method according to the present embodiment, for example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the surface layer portion (surface) (2) of the test object (1A, 1B) is photographed by the infrared thermography device (7). A liquid that can be vaporized at the surface temperature of the subject in the method of identifying the deteriorated portion (3A, 3B) in the surface of the subject based on the photographed thermal image of the surface of the subject. At the same time as or at the same time as the heat load applying step, the heat load applying step of spraying the liquefied gas (12) capable of wetting the surface layer portion in (11) or vaporizing at the surface layer temperature of the test object onto the surface layer portion, or heat. After the load application step, a temperature observation step of measuring the temperature change of the surface layer (2) of the test object (1A, 1B) over time based on the surface thermal image taken by the infrared thermography device (7). ,including. Then, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, in the temperature distribution of the surface layer portion of the test object (1A, 1B) measured by the temperature observation step, the portion where the temperature is lowered as compared with the peripheral portion is a deteriorated portion (deteriorated portion). It is judged as 3A, 3B).

The type, use, material, etc. of the test object (1A, 1B) are not particularly limited. Examples of the test object include parts for distribution equipment made of an insulating material (for example, see FIG. 4 and the like), parts and products used for equipment other than distribution equipment, and the like. Examples of the power distribution equipment parts include porcelain parts such as high-voltage cutouts and high-voltage pin insulators, and parts whose electric wires are covered with an organic insulator such as high-voltage underline. Further, when the distribution equipment parts are adopted as the test object, for example, the distribution equipment parts may be identified as deteriorated parts in a state of being removed from the distribution equipment, or may be installed in a high place. (That is, the deteriorated part may be specified while it is placed in the natural environment).

The type of the liquid (11) is not particularly limited. Examples of this liquid include water, alcohol, water vapor and the like. Of these, water is preferable from the viewpoint of handleability and the magnitude of heat of vaporization (endothermic). As this water, for example, rainwater can be used in consideration of the fact that the subject is exposed to the rain, as will be described later. Further, from the viewpoint of wettability to the surface layer portion of the test object, alcohol is preferable. Examples of this alcohol include methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol and the like. Of these, ethanol is preferable from the viewpoint of work environment. Further, the type of the liquefied gas (12) and the like are not particularly limited. This liquefied gas can be, for example, a compressed liquefied gas having a boiling point of −20 ° C. or lower. The boiling point of the liquefied gas is usually −100 ° C. or higher.

The heat load form, timing, etc. of the heat load application step are not particularly limited. As this heat load applying step, for example, the A form (for example, FIG. 1 (for example)) in which the surface layer portion (2) of the test object (1A, 1B) is sprayed or coated with the liquid (11) to wet the surface layer portion with the liquid. b) etc.), the B form (for example, see FIG. 2A etc.) in which the surface layer portion (2) of the test object (1A, 1B) is immersed in the liquid (11) to wet the surface layer portion with the liquid. Can be mentioned. This B form may be performed, for example, by immersing the surface layer portion of the test object in the liquid in the water tank, or by exposing the surface layer portion of the test object installed in the natural environment to the rain. You may be broken.

When the deteriorated portion (3A, 3B) is present on the surface layer portion (2) of the test object (1A, 1B), for example, as shown in FIG. 3, in the heat load applying step, the surface layer portion of the liquid (11). In the healthy part (14), the liquid (11) or the vaporized gas (12) is quickly vaporized and the temperature change is alleviated by wetting or spraying the liquefied gas (12) on the surface layer part. At the deteriorated part (3A, 3B), the liquid (11) stays and is cooled by the continuous vaporization, or the void of the deteriorated part (3A, 3B) is cooled by the vaporization of the liquefied gas (12). , The temperature drop continues for a relatively long time. Therefore, if the change in the temperature distribution of the surface layer portion (2) of the test object (1A, 1B) is measured over time after the heat load is applied, the deteriorated portion (3A, 3B) is larger than the healthy portion (14). The temperature drop is observed, and the position of the deteriorated portion (3A, 3B) appearing on the surface layer portion (2) of the test object (1A, 1B) can be accurately specified.

The temperature observation form, timing, etc. of the above temperature observation step are not particularly limited. In this temperature observation step, when a temperature drop of a predetermined value or more is usually observed in the temperature distribution of the surface layer thermal image taken, the portion where the temperature drop is observed is a deteriorated portion (3A, 3A, 3B) is judged. Examples of the predetermined value include 0.1 ° C. or higher (preferably 0.2 ° C. or higher). However, depending on the detection sensitivity of infrared thermography, it is possible to detect the deteriorated portion even if the temperature drops by 0.1 ° C or less. The temperature drop is usually 10 ° C. or lower. The timing for determining the deterioration location (3A, 3B) (for example, the elapsed time after the heat load application step) is the material, shape, size of the test object (1A, 1B), the heat load method, and the deterioration to be detected. It is set appropriately according to the type and the like.
Further, by measuring the gradient of the temperature change of the surface layer portion of the test object (1A, 1B) in the temperature observation step, for example, a portion where the temperature drops rapidly per unit time as compared with the peripheral portion can be observed. It can also be determined as a deteriorated part (3A, 3B).

The deterioration detection method according to the present embodiment includes, for example, a heating step for heating the surface layer portion (2) of the test object (1A, 1B) before or at the same time as the heat load applying step. (See, for example, FIGS. 1 (a) and 2 (a), etc.). The heating form, timing, etc. of this heating step are not particularly limited. This heating step may be performed by a heating means such as a hot plate (heater), a hot air blower, an air conditioner, or the like, or the surface layer portion of the test object is immersed in temperature-controlled water in a water tank. It may be carried out in the natural environment, or it may be carried out by the action of solar radiation and / or air temperature on the surface layer of the subject installed in the natural environment.

As a deterioration detection method according to the present embodiment, for example, a mode having a blowing step for blowing air to the surface layer portion (2) of the test object (1A, 1B) during the temperature observation step (for example, FIG. 1 (b) and FIG. 2 (b) and the like). The blowing form, timing, etc. of this blowing step are not particularly limited. This blowing step may be performed by, for example, a blowing means such as a blower or an air conditioner, or may be performed by the action of natural wind on the surface of the subject installed in the natural environment. good. Further, the blast step can be started before the temperature observation step and continued in the temperature observation step, for example.

The reference numerals in parentheses of each configuration described in the above-described embodiment indicate the correspondence with the specific configurations described in the examples described later.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to Examples and Reference Examples.

In the deterioration detection method according to the present embodiment and the reference example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the surface layer portion 2 is wetted with a liquid 11 that can be vaporized at the surface layer portion temperature of the test objects 1A and 1B. Alternatively, a heat load applying step (see FIGS. 1B and 2A) for spraying the liquefied gas 12 that can be vaporized at the surface temperature of the test objects 1A and 1B onto the surface layer 2 and a heat load. At the same time as the application step or after the heat load application step, the temperature change of the surface layer 2 of the test objects 1A and 1B is changed over time based on the surface thermal images (see FIGS. 7 to 15) taken by the infrared thermography apparatus 7. It includes a temperature observation step (see FIGS. 1 (b) and 2 (b)) for measuring the temperature.

Then, in the temperature distribution of the surface layer portion 2 of the test objects 1A and 1B measured by the temperature observation step, the portion where the temperature is lowered as compared with the peripheral portion is determined to be the deteriorated portion 3A and 3B. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3A, when the deteriorated portions 3A and 3B are present on the surface layer portions 2 of the test objects 1A and 1B, whether the surface layer portion 2 is wetted with the liquid 11 in the heat load applying step. Or, by spraying the liquefied gas 12 onto the surface layer portion 2, for example, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), in the healthy portion 14, the liquid 11 or the vaporized gas 12 is quickly vaporized and the temperature change is alleviated. On the other hand, in the deteriorated parts 3A and 3B, the liquid 11 stays and is cooled by the continuous vaporization, or the voids of the deteriorated parts 3A and 3B are cooled by the vaporization of the liquefied gas 12, and the temperature is relatively lowered. Continue for a long time. Therefore, in the temperature of the surface layer portion of the test object measured by the temperature observation step, a large temperature drop was observed in the deteriorated portions 3A and 3B as compared with the sound portion 14, and the surface layer portions 2 of the test objects 1A and 1B were found to have a large temperature drop. The positions of the deteriorated parts 3A and 3B that appear can be accurately specified.

Further, the deterioration detection method according to the present embodiment and the reference example includes a heating step of heating the surface layer portions 2 of the test objects 1A and 1B before the heat load applying step or at the same time as the heat load applying step. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1A, the test objects 1A and 1B are heated so that the surface layer portion 2 reaches a predetermined temperature by heating the hot plate 4a before the heat load applying step. .. Further, as shown in FIG. 2A, at the same time as the heat load applying step, the surface layer portion 2 is heated to a predetermined temperature by the water in the water tank 5 whose temperature is controlled by heating the hot plate 4b. When the surface temperature of the test objects 1A and 1B is less than 30 ° C., the hot plates 4a and 4b are not operated and the temperature is set to a predetermined temperature by controlling the air conditioner or the like.

Further, in the deterioration detection method (see FIGS. 5 and 6) according to Examples 4, 7, 9 and Reference Example 3, air is blown to the surface layer portions of the test objects 1A and 1B during the temperature observation step. Includes ventilation steps to be performed. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1 (b) and 2 (b), during the temperature observation step, the blower 9 blows air to the surface layers of the objects 1A and 1B (heat ray anemometer (heat ray type anemometer). The wind speed measured by Test425); 0.6 to 1.0 m / sec) is performed.

In the deterioration detection method according to the present embodiment and the reference example, the distance between the infrared thermography device 7 and the test object was set to about 30 to 40 mm. As the infrared thermography device 7, an infrared thermography camera having a wavelength of 8 to 14 μm to be detected and having 320 × 240 pixels was used. Further, in the evaluation results (see FIGS. 5 and 6) by the deterioration detection method according to the present embodiment and the reference example, “◯” indicates that the deteriorated portion can be clearly detected, and “Δ” indicates the deteriorated portion. Indicates that the temperature difference in the above can be detected, and "x" indicates that it is difficult to detect the deteriorated portion. If the deteriorated portion can be detected due to the phenomenon that the temperature is apparently rising, the mechanism is different from that of the present invention, and therefore, it is indicated by the fill symbol “▲” of “Δ”.

(1) Example 1-4 and Reference Example 1-3
Hereinafter, the deterioration detection method according to Examples 1-4 and Reference Example 1-3 will be described with reference to FIG. In this example and the reference example, a high-voltage cutout 1A (see FIG. 4A), which is a component for distribution equipment made of an insulating material, was adopted as a test object. In this high-voltage cutout 1A, porcelain cracks 3A usually occur as deterioration points.

<Reference example 1>
In the deterioration detection method of Reference Example 1, as shown in FIG. 1, the surface layer portion 2 of the test object 1A is preheated to a predetermined temperature with a hot plate 4a (heating step), and then the test object 1A is heated. Water 11 was sprayed onto the surface layer portion 2 of the above (heat load applying step), and the temperature change of the surface layer portion 2 of the subject 1A was measured over time based on the surface layer portion thermal image taken by the infrared thermography device 7. (Temperature observation step). As a result, the deteriorated portion 3A could not be detected in the surface thermal image taken by the infrared thermography apparatus 7. The reason is that water does not easily permeate the deteriorated portion 3A because it is difficult to get wet with the test object 1A.

<Example 1>
In the deterioration detection method of Example 1, as shown in FIG. 1, the surface layer portion 2 of the test object 1A is preheated to a predetermined temperature with a hot plate 4a (heating step), and then the test object 1A is heated. In addition to spraying ethanol 11 on the surface layer portion 2 of the above (heat load applying step), the temperature change of the surface layer portion 2 of the subject 1A was measured over time based on the surface layer portion thermal image taken by the infrared thermography device 7. (Temperature observation step). As a result, in the surface thermal image taken by the infrared thermography apparatus 7 (see FIG. 7; an example of the surface temperature of the subject 1A at 30 ° C.), the surface temperature of the subject 1A is in the range of 20 to 35 ° C. The deteriorated portion 3A could be clearly grasped in (see the circled portion P in FIG. 7). Further, when the surface temperature of the test object 1A is 40 ° C. and 50 ° C., the deteriorated portion 3A can be detected, but it cannot be detected as a sharp image as in the case of 20 to 35 ° C.

<Example 2>
In the deterioration detection method of Example 2, as shown in FIG. 1, the surface layer portion 2 of the test object 1A is preheated to a predetermined temperature with a hot plate 4a (heating step), and then the test object 1A is heated. A surface layer thermal image taken by an infrared thermography device 7 while spraying a liquefied gas 12 (specifically, a compressed liquefied gas 12 having a boiling point of −20 ° C. or lower) onto the surface layer portion 2 of the above (heat load applying step). The temperature change of the surface layer portion 2 of the test object 1A was measured over time based on the above (temperature observation step). As a result, in the surface thermal image taken by the infrared thermography apparatus 7 (see FIG. 8; surface temperature of the subject at 10 ° C; an example of image sampling taken every 1/60 second), any of the initial surface layers. In the case of temperature as well, the slightly deteriorated portion 3A could be detected during the spraying of the liquefied gas (see the circled portion P in FIG. 8).

<Reference example 2>
In the deterioration detection method of Reference Example 2, as shown in FIG. 1, the surface layer portion 2 of the test object 1A is preheated to a predetermined temperature with a hot plate 4a (heating step), and then the test object 1A is heated. The temperature change of the surface layer 2 of the subject 1A was measured over time based on the surface thermal image taken by the infrared thermography device 7 while spraying the steam 11 on the surface layer 2 of the subject 1A (heat load applying step). (Temperature observation step). As a result, in the surface thermal image taken by the infrared thermography apparatus 7, the position of the deteriorated portion 3A could not be specified by observing the temperature decrease during the steam spraying.

<Reference example 3>
In the deterioration detection method of Reference Example 3, as shown in FIG. 1, the surface layer portion 2 of the test object 1A is preheated to a predetermined temperature with a hot plate 4a (heating step), and then the test object 1A is heated. The surface layer photographed by the infrared thermography device 7 while spraying water 11 on the surface layer portion 2 of the above (heat load applying step) and blowing air to the surface layer portion 2 of the subject 1A with a blower 9 (blowing step). The temperature change of the surface layer portion 2 of the subject 1A was measured over time based on the thermographic image (temperature observation step). As a result, in the surface thermal image taken by the infrared thermography apparatus 7, the deteriorated portion 3A could not be detected.

<Example 3>
In the deterioration detection method of Example 3, as shown in FIG. 2, the surface layer portion 2 of the subject 1A is immersed in water in the water tank 5 heated by the hot plate 4b so as to have a predetermined temperature (heating). Step ・ Heat load application step), after that, the subject 1A is taken out from the water tank 5, and the temperature change of the surface layer 2 of the subject 1A is changed over time based on the surface thermal image taken by the infrared thermography device 7. Measured (temperature observation step). As a result, in the surface thermal image taken by the infrared thermography apparatus 7 (see FIG. 9; an example of the surface temperature of the subject 1A), the surface temperature of the subject 1A is 45 ° C and 50 ° C. , A slight temperature drop was observed at the position of the deteriorated portion 3A (see the circled portion P in FIG. 9). However, when the surface temperature of the test object 1A was 40 ° C. or lower, the deteriorated portion 3A could hardly be detected.

<Example 4>
In the deterioration detection method of Example 4, as shown in FIG. 2, the surface layer portion 2 of the subject 1A is immersed in water in the water tank 5 heated by the hot plate 4b so as to have a predetermined temperature (heating). Step ・ Heat load application step), after that, the test object 1A is taken out from the water tank 5, and the image is taken by the infrared thermography device 7 while blowing air to the surface layer portion 2 of the test object 1A with the blower 9 (blower step). The temperature change of the surface layer 2 of the subject 1A was measured over time based on the surface thermal image obtained (temperature observation step). As a result, in the surface thermal image taken by the infrared thermography apparatus 7, when the surface temperature of the subject 1A was 15 ° C. and 20 ° C., a slight temperature decrease was observed at the position of the deteriorated portion 3A. Further, when the surface temperature of the subject 1A was 25 ° C. or higher (see FIG. 10; an example of the surface temperature of the subject 1A of 30 ° C.), the deteriorated portion 3A was clearly detected (circled portion in FIG. 10). See P).

In the above Examples 3 and 4 (immersion in water), it is considered that sufficient water permeates the deteriorated part after the parts for the power distribution equipment installed in the high place are exposed to rainwater, so this is simulated. I went to do it. In particular, in Example 4 (with air blown after immersion in water), it is expected that the evaporation of water will be promoted by the generation of a slight wind after the parts for distribution equipment are exposed to rainwater, so this is simulated. Went to do.

From the above, for the detection of the deteriorated part (crack) 3A of a material having poor wettability with water such as the high pressure cutout 1A, ethanol 11 is sprayed on the surface layer portion 2 of the high pressure cutout 1A, or the high pressure cutout is made. It is effective to blow air after immersing the surface layer portion 2 of 1A in water. On the other hand, in the case of a test object made of a material having good wettability with water, it is clear from this principle that the deteriorated portion can be detected by spraying with water in the same manner as ethanol. Further, when the liquefied gas 12 is used, it is considered that the deteriorated portion 3A can be detected in any surface layer temperature range, so that it is considered effective at a low surface temperature of 15 ° C. or lower to which ethanol spraying or water immersion cannot be applied. Be done.

(2) Examples 5-9 and Reference Examples 4, 5
Next, the deterioration detection methods according to Examples 5-9 and Reference Examples 4 and 5 will be described with reference to FIG. In this example and the reference example, a high-voltage underline 1B (see FIG. 4B), which is a component for distribution equipment made of an insulating material, was adopted as a test object. In this high-voltage underline 1B, a surface-stained portion 3B due to tracking of an organic insulator usually occurs as a deteriorated portion.

<Reference example 4>
In the deterioration detection method of Reference Example 4, as shown in FIG. 1, the surface layer portion 2 of the test object 1B is preheated to a predetermined temperature with the hot plate 4a (heating step), and then the test object 1B is heated. Water 11 was sprayed onto the surface layer 2 of the subject (heat load applying step), and the temperature change of the surface layer 2 of the subject was measured over time based on the surface thermal image taken by the infrared thermography device 7 (heat load applying step). Temperature observation step). As a result, in the surface thermal image taken by the infrared thermography apparatus 7, when the surface temperature of the subject 1B was 5 to 50 ° C., the deteriorated portion 3B could not be detected. The reason is that water does not easily spread to the deteriorated part because it is difficult to get wet with the test object 1B.

<Example 5>
In the deterioration detection method of Example 5, as shown in FIG. 1, the surface layer portion 2 of the test object 1B is preheated to a predetermined temperature with a hot plate 4a (heating step), and then the test object 1B is heated. In addition to spraying ethanol 11 on the surface layer portion 2 of the above (heat load applying step), the temperature change of the surface layer portion 2 of the subject 1B was measured over time based on the surface layer portion thermal image taken by the infrared thermography device 7. (Temperature observation step). As a result, in the surface thermal image taken by the infrared thermography apparatus 7 (see FIG. 11; an example of the surface temperature of the subject 1B), the deterioration occurs when the surface temperature of the subject 1B is 25 ° C or higher. The portion 3B could be clearly taken (see the circled portion P in FIG. 11).

<Reference example 5>
In the deterioration detection method of Reference Example 5, as shown in FIG. 1, the surface layer portion 2 of the test object 1B is preheated to a predetermined temperature with the hot plate 4a (heating step), and then the test object 1B is heated. A surface layer thermal image taken by an infrared thermography device 7 while spraying a liquefied gas 12 (specifically, a compressed liquefied gas 12 having a boiling point of −20 ° C. or lower) onto the surface layer portion 2 of the above (heat load applying step). The temperature change of the surface layer portion 2 of the test object 1B was measured over time based on the above (temperature observation step). As a result, in the surface thermal image (image sampling taken every 1/60 second) taken by the infrared thermography apparatus 7, the deteriorated portion 3B could not be detected from the image during spraying or the image after being left after spraying. ..

<Example 6>
In the deterioration detection method of Example 6, as shown in FIG. 1, the surface layer portion 2 of the test object 1B is preheated to a predetermined temperature with a hot plate 4a (heating step), and then the test object 1B is heated. In addition to spraying steam 11 on the surface layer portion 2 of the above (heat load applying step), the temperature change of the surface layer portion 2 of the subject 1B was measured over time based on the surface layer portion thermal image taken by the infrared thermography device 7. (Temperature observation step). As a result, in the surface thermal image taken by the infrared thermography apparatus 7 (see FIG. 12; an example of the surface temperature of the subject at 30 ° C.), a liquid film is uniformly formed by spraying water vapor, which is a reference. The problem of wettability in Example 4 (water spray) was solved, and more water was collected than in the healthy part, which caused a temperature drop and was able to identify the deteriorated part 3B (see the circled part P in FIG. 12). ..

<Example 7>
In the deterioration detection method of Example 7, as shown in FIG. 1, the surface layer portion 2 of the test object 1B is preheated to a predetermined temperature with the hot plate 4a (heating step), and then the test object 1B is heated. The surface layer photographed by the infrared thermography device 7 while spraying water 11 on the surface layer portion 2 of the above (heat load applying step) and blowing air to the surface layer portion 2 of the subject 1B with a blower 9 (blowing step). The temperature change of the surface layer portion 2 of the subject 1B was measured over time based on the thermographic image (temperature observation step). As a result, in the surface thermal image taken by the infrared thermography apparatus 7 (see FIG. 13; an example of the surface temperature of the subject at 30 ° C.), a remarkable temperature decrease was observed as compared with the case where there was no ventilation. Then, when the surface layer temperature of the test object 1B was 30 ° C., the temperature dropped at the position of the deteriorated portion 3B, and the deteriorated portion 3B could be discriminated (see the circled portion P in FIG. 13).

<Example 8>
In the deterioration detection method of Example 8, as shown in FIG. 2, the surface layer portion 2 of the subject 1B is immersed in water in the water tank 5 heated by the hot plate 4b so as to have a predetermined temperature (heating). Step ・ Heat load application step), after that, the subject 1B is taken out from the water tank 5, and the temperature change of the surface layer 2 of the subject 1B is changed over time based on the surface thermal image taken by the infrared thermography device 7. Measured in (temperature observation step). As a result, in the surface thermal image taken by the infrared thermography apparatus 7 (see FIG. 14; an example of the surface temperature of the subject 1B being 40 ° C.), the surface temperature of the subject 1B is 40 ° C. or higher and the deteriorated portion 3B. Was able to be detected (see the circled portion P in FIG. 14).

<Example 9>
In the deterioration detection method of Example 9, as shown in FIG. 2, the surface layer portion 2 of the subject 1B is immersed in water in the water tank 5 heated by the hot plate 4b so as to have a predetermined temperature (heating). Step ・ Heat load application step), after that, the test object 1B is taken out from the water tank 5, and the image is taken by the infrared thermography device 7 while blowing air to the surface layer portion 2 of the test object 1B with the blower 9 (blower step). The temperature change of the surface layer 2 of the subject 1B was measured over time based on the surface thermal image obtained (temperature observation step). As a result, in the surface thermal image taken by the infrared thermography apparatus 7 (see FIG. 15; an example of the surface temperature of the test object at 30 ° C.), the surface temperature of the test object 1B is 15 ° C. or higher and the deteriorated portion 3B. Was able to be detected (see the circled portion P in FIG. 15).

In the above Examples 8 and 9 (immersion in water), it is considered that sufficient water permeates into the deteriorated part after the parts for the power distribution equipment installed in the high place are exposed to rainwater for a long period of time. I went to imitate. In particular, in Example 9 (with air blown after immersion in water), it is expected that the evaporation of water will be promoted by the generation of a slight wind after the parts for distribution equipment are exposed to rainwater, so this is simulated. Went to do.

From the above, for the detection of the deteriorated part (surface stain part by tracking) 3B of the high-voltage underline 1B, ethanol 11 is sprayed on the surface layer 2 of the high-voltage underline 1B, or the surface layer 2 of the high-voltage underline 1B is watered. It is effective to blow air after soaking. In particular, it is effective to spray ethanol 11 on the surface layer 2 of the high-voltage underline 1B having a surface temperature of 20 to 50 ° C. Further, it is effective to immerse the surface layer portion 2 of the high-voltage pull-down line 1B in water and then blow air to the surface layer portion 2 of the high-voltage pull-down line 1B having a surface layer temperature of 15 to 50 ° C.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments detailed above, and various modifications or modifications can be made within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is widely used as a technique for identifying a deteriorated portion on the surface layer of a test object based on a thermal image of the surface layer of the test object taken by an infrared thermography apparatus.

1A; High-voltage cutout (subject), 1B; High-voltage underline (subject), 2; Surface layer, 3A; Crack (deteriorated part), 3B; Tracking stain (deteriorated part), 7; Infrared thermography device , 11; liquid, 12; liquefied gas.

Claims (7)

An infrared thermography device is used to photograph the surface layer portion of a power distribution equipment component made of an insulating material , and the deteriorated portion on the surface layer portion of the power distribution equipment component is identified based on the photographed surface thermal image of the power distribution equipment component. In the method
A heat load applying step that wets the surface layer portion by spraying or applying alcohol as a liquid that can be vaporized at the surface layer portion temperature of the power distribution equipment component to the surface layer portion of the power distribution equipment component .
A heating step that heats the surface layer portion of the power distribution equipment component before or at the same time as the heat load applying step.
Temperature at which the temperature change of the surface layer portion of the power distribution equipment component is measured over time based on the surface layer portion thermal image taken by the infrared thermography device at the same time as the heat load applying step or after the heat load applying step. Including observation steps,
Deterioration characterized in that, in the temperature distribution of the surface layer portion of the power distribution equipment component measured by the temperature observation step at 20 to 35 ° C., the portion where the temperature is lower than the peripheral portion is determined as the deteriorated portion. Detection method. An infrared thermography device is used to photograph the surface layer portion of a power distribution equipment component made of an insulating material, and the deteriorated portion on the surface layer portion of the power distribution equipment component is identified based on the photographed surface thermal image of the power distribution equipment component. In the method
A heat load applying step of immersing the surface layer portion of the power distribution equipment component in water as a liquid that can be vaporized at the temperature of the surface layer portion of the power distribution equipment component to wet the surface layer portion.
A heating step that heats the surface layer portion of the power distribution equipment component before or at the same time as the heat load applying step.
Temperature at which the temperature change of the surface layer portion of the power distribution equipment component is measured over time based on the surface layer portion thermal image taken by the infrared thermography apparatus at the same time as the heat load applying step or after the heat load applying step. Observation steps and
Including the blowing step of blowing air to the surface layer portion of the distribution equipment component during the temperature observation step.
Deterioration detection characterized in that, in the temperature distribution of the surface layer portion of the power distribution equipment component measured by the temperature observation step at 25 ° C. or higher, a portion where the temperature is lower than that of the peripheral portion is determined as a deteriorated portion. Method. An infrared thermography device is used to photograph the surface layer portion of a power distribution equipment component made of an insulating material, and the deteriorated portion on the surface layer portion of the power distribution equipment component is identified based on the photographed surface thermal image of the power distribution equipment component. In the method
A heat load applying step that wets the surface layer portion by spraying or applying alcohol as a liquid that can be vaporized at the surface layer portion temperature of the power distribution equipment component to the surface layer portion of the power distribution equipment component.
A heating step that heats the surface layer portion of the power distribution equipment component before or at the same time as the heat load applying step.
Temperature at which the temperature change of the surface layer portion of the power distribution equipment component is measured over time based on the surface layer portion thermal image taken by the infrared thermography apparatus at the same time as the heat load applying step or after the heat load applying step. Including observation steps,
Deterioration detection characterized in that, in the temperature distribution of the surface layer portion of the power distribution equipment component measured by the temperature observation step at 25 ° C. or higher, a portion where the temperature is lower than that of the peripheral portion is determined as a deteriorated portion. Method. An infrared thermography device is used to photograph the surface layer portion of a power distribution equipment component made of an insulating material, and the deteriorated portion on the surface layer portion of the power distribution equipment component is identified based on the photographed surface thermal image of the power distribution equipment component. In the method
A heat load applying step of immersing the surface layer portion of the power distribution equipment component in water as a liquid that can be vaporized at the temperature of the surface layer portion of the power distribution equipment component to wet the surface layer portion.
A heating step that heats the surface layer portion of the power distribution equipment component before or at the same time as the heat load applying step.
Temperature at which the temperature change of the surface layer portion of the power distribution equipment component is measured over time based on the surface layer portion thermal image taken by the infrared thermography apparatus at the same time as the heat load applying step or after the heat load applying step. Including observation steps,
Deterioration detection characterized in that, in the temperature distribution of the surface layer portion of the power distribution equipment component measured by the temperature observation step at 40 ° C. or higher, a portion where the temperature is lower than that of the peripheral portion is determined as a deteriorated portion. Method. An infrared thermography device is used to photograph the surface layer portion of a power distribution equipment component made of an insulating material, and the deteriorated portion on the surface layer portion of the power distribution equipment component is identified based on the photographed surface thermal image of the power distribution equipment component. In the method
A heat load applying step of immersing the surface layer portion of the power distribution equipment component in water as a liquid that can be vaporized at the temperature of the surface layer portion of the power distribution equipment component to wet the surface layer portion.
A heating step that heats the surface layer portion of the power distribution equipment component before or at the same time as the heat load applying step.
Temperature at which the temperature change of the surface layer portion of the power distribution equipment component is measured over time based on the surface layer portion thermal image taken by the infrared thermography apparatus at the same time as the heat load applying step or after the heat load applying step. Observation steps and
Including the blowing step of blowing air to the surface layer portion of the distribution equipment component during the temperature observation step.
Deterioration detection characterized in that, in the temperature distribution of the surface layer portion of the power distribution equipment component measured by the temperature observation step at 15 ° C. or higher, the portion where the temperature is lower than the peripheral portion is determined as the deteriorated portion. Method. The deterioration detection method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the deteriorated portion is a crack generated in the power distribution equipment component. The deterioration detection method according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the deteriorated portion is a surface-stained portion due to tracking generated in the power distribution equipment component.

Images