JP6986750B2 - Collapsed object capture facility - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a facility for capturing collapsed objects that suppress disasters such as collapsed sediment and avalanches.

In recent years, natural disasters due to collapsed sediment caused by unexpected torrential rains have occurred frequently.
A rigid retaining wall structure is known as one of the countermeasures against landslides.
A concrete retaining wall is used as a rigid retaining wall structure (Patent Document 1), but the concrete retaining wall is made of concrete because of the problems of high construction cost and unsuitability for soft ground. A pile-type guard fence has been proposed as an alternative structure to the retaining wall (Patent Document 2).
Explaining with reference to FIG. 7, the pile-type guard fence 50 includes a plurality of columns 51 built deep in the ground and a protective net 52 erected between the above-ground portions of the columns 51, and the protective net 52 is provided with a protective net 52. The structure is such that the impact energy of the collapsing object 30 that acts can be supported by a plurality of columns 51 built deep in the ground.

A pocket-type lock net is known as one of the economical rockfall countermeasures (Patent Documents 3 and 4).
As the pocket type lock net, a high energy absorption type pocket type lock net equipped with a plurality of shock absorbers and a simple type pocket type lock net not provided with the shock absorbers are known.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 8-260476 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2010-37765 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-42117 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2005-350886

The conventional collapsed object trapping facility has the following problems.
<1> In the pile-type safety barrier 50, depositable height of collapse was 30 is up to fence height H ₁ of the guard fence.
Exceeds fence height H ₁ of the pile-type safety barrier 50 and will be collapsed was 30 rolls down, it extends the collapse damage to the downstream side of the road and rail and houses and the like.
<2> determines the fence height H ₁ of the guard fence based on the deposition amount of collapse was 30 to be pile type envisaged in safety barrier 50.
To increase the deposition height of collapse was 30 may be increased to fence height H ₁ of the pile-type safety barrier 50, but the higher the fence itself fences 50, Material of safety barrier 50 in proportion to the height not only the cost is increased, and lateral pressure F ₂ acting on the side surface is increased, or increase the strength of the struts 51 should be longer or the embedment depth of the column 51.
In order to increase the accumulated height of the collapsed object 30 in this way, not only the material cost increases, but also the total length of the support column 51 increases and the weight of the support column 51 increases, which causes problems in material loading and construction. There is.
<3> A split type support has been put into practical use in order to solve the problem of carrying in the long support 51, but if the split type support is used, not only the material cost but also the construction cost becomes high.
<4> The simple pocket type lock net has economic characteristics such as being very inexpensive because it is designed for falling rocks, but it is not suitable for capturing collapsed sediment that exerts a larger impact force than falling rocks. ..

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a facility for capturing collapsed materials, which can secure the accumulated amount of collapsed materials without directly raising the guard fence itself. ..

The present invention is an upright lower protection facility that is erected on the downstream side of the slope and has a space for capturing collapsed objects, and is separated from the slope on the upstream side of the lower protection facility facing the slope. It is a facility for capturing collapsed objects provided with an upper guide net arranged in a state, and the upper guide net is formed so as to form an entrance through which the collapsed object can enter between the upper guide net and the slope. The upper side is connected to the head of the suspension column erected on the slope and positioned, and the lower protection facility is positioned via the upper guidance net so that the collapsed material can be deposited beyond the fence height of the lower protection facility. Is raised, and a guided deposit space continuous with the capture space of the lower protection facility is formed between the upper guide net and the slope, and the upper guide can be removed so that the collapsed material accumulated in the capture facility can be removed. The lower side of the net is detachably connected and positioned at the upper part of the lower protection facility .
Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, an outlet facing the capture space of the lower protection facility is formed at the bottom of the induced deposition space.
Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, the lower protection facility may be a new protection fence (protection facility) provided with a plurality of columns and a protection net laid horizontally between the plurality of columns, or may be applied to an existing protection facility. Is possible. The lower protection facility may be, for example, a pile-type protection fence, a retaining wall structure, or a form in which a protection fence is constructed on the retaining wall.
In another aspect of the present invention, when using the auxiliary struts, wherein forming the extra length portion in the lower side of the upper induction nets may be drooping該余length portion from the head of the auxiliary strut.

The present invention has at least one of the following effects.
<1> Since the lower protection facility can be raised by a simple structure that is only a combination of the lower protection facility and the upper guidance net, it is possible to deposit collapsed objects beyond the fence height of the lower protection facility.
<2> The subordinate protection facility can construct a capture facility regardless of whether it is a new protection facility or an existing protection facility.
<3> When the lower protection facility is newly constructed, the fence height of the lower protection facility can be halved, so that the lower protection facility can be economically constructed and materials can be easily carried in and constructed.
<4> When the lower protection facility is newly constructed, the existing protection facility itself can be effectively utilized to increase the amount of collapsed objects captured without raising the existing protection facility itself directly above.
<5> Since the guide net is arranged so as to face the slope while considering the collapse height of the collapsed object, a large impact force does not act on the guided net during the collapse of the collapsed object. Therefore, it is not necessary to manufacture the guide net with high strength or to make the erection length of the guide net longer than necessary .

Perspective view of the collapsed object capture facility according to Example 1 with a part omitted Front view of a collapsed object capture facility with some parts omitted Sectional drawing of III-III in FIG. Model diagram of a capture facility that omits a part when capturing a collapsed object Longitudinal sectional view of a collapsed object trapping facility according to Example 2. Longitudinal sectional view of a collapsed object trapping facility according to Example 3. Model diagram of a conventional pile-type guard rail

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[Example 1]
<1> Collapsed objects The collapsed objects 30 in the present invention not only refer to collapsed sediments and avalanches, but also include collapsed sediments and avalanches mixed with rocks, and also include only rockfalls.

<2> Outline of a collapsed object capture facility Explaining with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, the capture facility of the present invention consists of a lower guard fence 10 which is a lower guard facility erected on a valley-side slope and a lower guard fence 10. An upper guide net 20 is provided on the upper side so as to be separated from the slope G.
An upper guide net 20 is arranged on the upstream side of the lower guard fence 10 in a state of being separated from the slope G, and the upper side and the lower side of the upper guide net 20 are positioned respectively.
Between the upper induction net 20 and the inclined surface G be formed is induced deposition space S having a continuous deposition of collapse was 30 beyond the fence height of H ₂ lower safety barrier 10 to the induction deposition space S Is possible.

<3> Lower guard fence The lower guard fence 10 may be in any form as long as it is a new or existing protection facility for the purpose of capturing the collapsed object 30.
In this example, a case where the lower guard fence 10 is composed of a newly installed pile type guard fence will be described.

The lower guard fence 10 of this example includes a plurality of columns 11 built in the ground and a protective net 15 attached between the columns 11.
An upper rod 14 is laid horizontally between the heads of adjacent columns 11, but the upper rod 14 is not essential.

<3.1> Columns As the columns 11, known columns such as steel pipes, multiple steel pipes, concrete-filled steel pipes, concrete columns, and H-steel can be applied. If the total length of the support column 11 is long, it may be configured in a split type and the split pillar body may be assembled at the site.

<3.2> Protective net The protective net 15 has a substantially rectangular outer shape, and is composed of a plurality of horizontal ropes 12 and a net 13.
The horizontal rope 12 is a metal or fiber rope material having excellent tensile strength, and is attached to each support column 11 in a slidable or non-sliding form.
The net 13 is a metal or fiber net material suitable for capturing the collapsed object 30, and a wire mesh is suitable from the viewpoint of strength and cost. The net 13 is attached to the horizontal rope 12 via a spiral coil or the like.

<3.3> Fence height of the lower guard fence In the present invention, the fence height H _{2 of the lower guard fence 10 is compared with the fence height H 1} of the conventional guard fence alone (Fig. 7) by combining with the upper guide net 20. Can be significantly lowered.
For example, when the fence height H ₁ when capturing the guard fence alone is 5 m, the fence height H ₂ of the lower guard fence 10 can be halved to about 2.5 m.

Even if the fence height H ₂ of the lower guard fence 10 is lowered, the load on the support column 11 against the lateral pressure and impact force of the deposited collapsed object 30 does not increase.
Therefore, if the total length of the support column 11 can be shortened, not only the material cost and weight can be reduced, but also the support column 11 can be easily carried into a narrow area, and economical construction can be realized.
When the lower guard fence 10 is a pile type guard fence, it is not necessary to use an expensive split type support.

<4> Upper guidance net The upper guidance net 20 is a net-like object having a guiding function of a collapsed object 30 and a raising function of a lower guard fence 10, and the upper and lower sides of the guiding net 20 are positioned apart from the slope G. There is.
In this example, the induction net 20 is formed by combining a plurality of ropes 22 that are crossed in the vertical and horizontal directions and organized in a grid pattern and a net 23 that is superposed on these ropes 22 and arranged.
The rope 22 is a metal or fiber rope material having excellent tensile strength, and its intersections are non-slidingly connected.
For the net 23, a metal or fiber net material having a mesh size suitable for capturing the collapsed object 30 is appropriately selected. As the net 23, for example, a wire mesh is suitable in terms of strength and cost.
It is arranged above the lower guard fence 10 at a distance from the slope G.

<4.1> Means for Positioning the Upper Side of the Guide Net In this example, a mode in which the upper side of the guide net 20 is connected to the heads of a plurality of suspension columns 21 for positioning will be described.

The suspension support column 21 is a simple support column for supporting the upper side of the guide net 20, and is erected in a state where it can or cannot tilt with respect to the slope G.
As the suspension support column 21, known columns such as H-steel, steel pipe, and concrete-filled steel pipe can be applied.
Practically, it is preferable to use H steel as the suspension support column 21 and fix the lower part of the H steel erected on the slope G with a concrete anchor or the like.
A retaining rope 27 is stretched between the head of each suspension column 21 and the anchor 26 on the mountain side slope.

<4.2> Other Positioning Means for the Upper Side of the Guide Net The means for separating the upper side of the guide net 20 from the slope G is not limited to the suspension support column 21, and the suspension support column 21 is omitted as described below. It is also possible to position the upper side of the guide net 20.
If the installation site of the upper guide net 20 is recessed in a swamp shape, the suspension support column 21 is omitted and a horizontal suspension rope (not shown in the figure) is integrally attached along the upper side of the guide net 20 at both ends of the horizontal suspension rope. By fixing the portion to the slope G, the upper side of the guide net 20 may be separated from the slope G.

<4.3> Positioning means for the lower side of the guide net The lower side of the guide net 20 is positioned by being detachably or detachably connected to the upper part of the lower guard fence 10.

<4.4> Elevation length of induction net In the conventional pocket type lock net, the impact force is absorbed by using the strength and hanging weight of the lock net suspended on the slope, so the lock net itself has high strength. It was necessary to lengthen the hanging length of the lock net in order to increase the hanging weight.

On the other hand, since the guide net 20 is arranged so as to face the slope G in consideration of the collapse height of the collapsed object 30, a large impact force does not act on the guided net 20 during the collapse of the collapsed object 30. .. Therefore, it is not necessary to manufacture the induction net 20 with high strength.
Further, since the guide net 20 does not have a shock absorbing function, it is not necessary to lengthen the erection length L of the guide net 20 shown in FIG. 3, and it is sufficient that the lower guard fence 10 has a length that can be raised. ..

<4.5> Tilt angle of the guide net When the guide net 20 is raised toward directly above the vertically attached protective net 15, a large lateral pressure acts on the raised guide net 20.
Therefore, the guide net 20 is tilted toward the slope G side with respect to the protective net 15.
The tilt angle θ of the guide net 20 is appropriately selected, but the tilt angle θ of the guide net 20 is adjusted in advance so that the collapsed object 30 to be raised has a gentle gradient with a small lateral pressure (FIG. 4).

<5> Guided deposit space A continuous guided piled space S is formed between the slope G and the guided net 20.
Top of the inlet of the induction deposition space S have been opened to allow incorporation of collapse was 30 into the interior, the bottom outlet of the induced deposition space S is in communication with a trapping space that faces the side surface of the lower guard fence 10 ..

[Collapse effect]
The capture action of the collapsed object 30 by the capture facility will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.

<1> Guidance of collapsed objects by the upper guide net In FIG. 3, when the collapsed object 30 sliding down along the slope G reaches the arrangement position of the upper guide net 20, it enters from the entrance of the induction deposit space S and protects the lower level. It slides down toward the fence 10.
When the collapsed object 30 passes below the guide net 20, the guide net 20 is positioned at a height that does not collide with the collapsed object 30, so that the guide net 20 does not receive a large impact force.
Even if the collapsed object 30 jumps, the guidance net 20 regulates the collapsed object 30 from jumping out.
Since the guide net 20 is positioned along the sliding direction of the collapsed object 30, the impact force of the collapsed object 30 received by the guide net 20 is small.

<2> Capturing the collapsed object by the lower guard fence When the collapsed object 30 reaches the bottom of the induced deposit space S, it collides with the side surface of the lower guard fence 10 facing the induced deposit space S. It is captured in the capture space inside the lower guard fence 10 .
The subsequent collapsed object 30 also collides with the side surface of the lower guard fence 10, and the collapsed object 30 is deposited in the induced deposition space S.
The impact force F ₁ of the collapsed object 30 and the lateral pressure F _{2 of the} accumulated collapsed object 30 act on the lower guard fence 10, and the lower guard fence 10 is strong enough to withstand _{these impact forces F 1} and the lateral pressure F _2. It is designed so that it will not be destroyed.

<3> Capturing a collapsed object by an upper guide net Explaining with reference to FIG. 4, in the capture facility of the present invention, the upper part of the lower guard fence 10 is raised by the guide net 20.
Therefore, even if the lower guard fence 10 is full of the collapsed objects 30, the guide net 20 can continue to capture the collapsed objects 30 while maintaining a gentle slope while preventing the collapsed objects 30 from spilling.
Since the induction net 20 is arranged in consideration of the collapse height of the collapsed object 30, the impact force F ₁ of the collapsed object 30 does not directly act on the induction net 20.
Furthermore, without raising vertically is collapsed was 30, because it is raised by the gentle slope to Nari mountains, lateral pressure F ₃ of collapse was 30 acting on the induction net 20 becomes small.

<4> Gradient of raised collapsed object In the initial stage of collapse, the collapsed object 30 is vertically deposited along the side surface of the lower guard fence 10.
When pile height of collapse was 30 exceeds fence height of H ₂ lower fences 10, collapse product 30 is raised by the gentle gradient along the tilt angle θ of the induction net 20.

<5> Removal of collapsed material When removing the collapsed material 30 accumulated in the capture facility, after removing the lower side (hem) of the guide net 20 from the lower guard fence 10, a known heavy machine for soil removal such as a backhoe is used. 30 is used to remove the collapsed material 30 accumulated in the capture facility.
Since the height of the lower guard fence 10 is low, the work of removing the collapsed object 30 is easy and safe, and it is possible to remove the accumulated collapsed object 30 without dismantling the lower guard fence 10.
Since the collapsed objects 30 raised and accumulated above the lower guard fence 10 maintain a gentle slope, it is extremely unlikely that a large amount of collapsed objects 30 will suddenly collapse even if the guide net 20 is opened.
Therefore, the collapsed object 30 can be removed in a safe working environment.

[Example 2]
Hereinafter, other examples will be described, but in the description thereof, the same parts as those in the above-mentioned Example 1 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the detailed description thereof will be omitted.
The capture facility according to another embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
This embodiment describes a mode in which an auxiliary support column 24 is additionally installed to position the downstream side of the upper guide net 20.

<1> Auxiliary stanchion The auxiliary stanchion 24 is a simple stanchion for positioning the downstream side of the upper guide net 20 away from the slope G, and is erected on the slope G near the lower guard fence 10.
If a retaining rope (not shown) is stretched between the head of the auxiliary support column 24 and the anchor provided on the side ground, the independence of the auxiliary support column 24 can be enhanced.

<2> Upper Guidance Net In the previous embodiment 1, the embodiment in which the lower side of the upper guidance net 20 is positioned on the lower guard fence 10 has been described, but in this embodiment, the downstream side of the upper guidance net 20 is positioned on the auxiliary support column 24. It is a thing.
An extra length portion 25 is formed on the downstream side of the upper guide net 20 suspended between the two columns 21 and 24, and the extra length portion 25 is vertically hung from the head of the auxiliary column 24 in a curtain shape.
The net portion of the extra length portion 25 may be left vertically or connected to the protective net 15.
The wire rope of the extra length portion 25 may be fixed to the ground or the like via a concrete anchor or the like.
Since the net unit of the extra length portion 25 is for preventing the spillage of earth and sand, the total length thereof is appropriately selected.

<3> Capturing action of collapsed object The capturing action of the collapsed object 30 in this example is the same as that of Example 1 described above.

<4> Effects of the present embodiment In the present embodiment, the following effects are exhibited in addition to the effects of the previous embodiment 1.
In this embodiment, when the lower side of the upper guide net 20 cannot be positioned on the lower guard fence 10 or positioning is difficult, the downstream side of the upper guide net 20 can be positioned only by additionally installing the auxiliary support column 24. can.

[Example 3]
Another embodiment in the case where the lower protection facility is the existing protection fence 40 will be described with reference to FIG.
In this embodiment, the capture facility is configured by the existing guard fence 40 and the upper guide net 20 arranged above the existing guard fence 40.

<1> Existing guard fence The existing guard fence 40 is a guard fence for landslides, avalanches, or rockfalls, and its form is not limited as long as it is a protection facility for the purpose of capturing the landslides 30.

Explaining the existing guard fence 40 exemplified in FIG. 6, the existing guard fence 40 has a concrete retaining wall 41, a plurality of columns 42 erected on the retaining wall 41, and protection laid horizontally between the plurality of columns 42. It has a net 43.
The lower protection facility may be not only the existing protection fence 40, but also the existing pile-type protection fence 50 shown in FIG. 7 or a retaining wall structure without a protection fence.

<2> Positioning means for the lower side of the upper guide net As the positioning means for the lower side (hem) of the upper guide net 20, for example, when it is difficult to connect to the upper part of the existing guard fence 40, the above-mentioned second embodiment is applied. Then, the auxiliary support column 24 is additionally installed to position the downstream side of the upper guide net 20.
If the lower side of the upper guide net 20 can be connected to the upper part of the existing guard fence 40, it may be directly connected and positioned.

<3> Effects of the present embodiment In the present embodiment, the following effects are exhibited in addition to the effects of the above-mentioned Examples 1 and 2.
In this embodiment, it is possible to increase the amount of the collapsed object captured by the existing guard fence 40 without raising the fence itself of the existing guard fence 40 directly above.
Further, since the guide net 20 is only added by effectively utilizing the existing guard fence 40, it can be easily constructed in a short period of time.

G ... Slope S ... Induction deposit space 10 ... Lower guard fence (lower guard facility)
11 ... Support 12 ... Horizontal rope 13 ... Net 14 ... Upper rod 15 ... Protective net 20 ... Upper guide net 21 ... Suspension support 22 ...・ ・ ・ Rope 23 ・ ・ ・ ・ Net 24 ・ ・ ・ ・ Auxiliary support 25 ・ ・ ・ ・ Extra length 26 of the upper guide net ・ ・ ・ ・ Anchor 27 ・ ・ ・ ・ Reserve rope 30 ・ ・ ・ ・ Collapsed object 40・ ・ ・ ・ Existing guard fence (lower guard facility)
41 ... Retaining wall 42 ... Support 43 ... Protective net 50 ... Conventional pile-type guard fence 51 ... Support 52 ... Protective net

Claims (5)

An upright lower protection facility that is erected on the downstream side of the slope and has a space for capturing collapsed objects between the slope and the lower protection facility, and is placed on the upstream side of the lower protection facility facing the slope and separated from the slope. It is a facility for capturing collapsed objects equipped with a high-level guidance net.
The upper side of the upper guide net is connected to and positioned with the head of a suspension column erected on the slope so as to form an entrance through which a collapsed object can enter between the upper guide net and the slope.
The lower protection facility is raised via the upper guidance net so that collapsed objects can be deposited beyond the fence height of the lower protection facility.
Between the upper guide net and the slope, a guide deposit space continuous with the capture space of the lower protection facility is formed.
It is characterized in that the lower side of the upper guide net is detachably connected to and positioned on the upper part of the lower protection facility so that the collapsed material accumulated in the capture facility can be removed.
A facility for capturing collapsed objects. Wherein the outlet facing the trapping space of the lower protective facilities on the bottom of the front Ki誘conductive deposition space is formed, the capture facility collapse of claim 1. The collapsed object capture facility according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lower protection facility is a new or existing protection fence provided with a plurality of columns and a protection net laid horizontally between the plurality of columns. .. The lower protection facility is a retaining wall structure without a protection fence, or a protection fence equipped with a retaining wall, a plurality of columns erected on the retaining wall, and a protection net laid horizontally between the plurality of columns. The collapsed object capture facility according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that. The facility for capturing collapsed objects according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the lower protection facility is a pile-type protection fence.

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