JP6954730B2 - マイクロ外科用器具およびそれと共に使用するための装填ユニット - Google Patents

マイクロ外科用器具およびそれと共に使用するための装填ユニット Download PDF

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JP6954730B2
JP6954730B2 JP2016185599A JP2016185599A JP6954730B2 JP 6954730 B2 JP6954730 B2 JP 6954730B2 JP 2016185599 A JP2016185599 A JP 2016185599A JP 2016185599 A JP2016185599 A JP 2016185599A JP 6954730 B2 JP6954730 B2 JP 6954730B2
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アラーニ アーネスト
アラーニ アーネスト
コストシェフスキー スタニスロウ
コストシェフスキー スタニスロウ
マークジク スタニスロー
マークジク スタニスロー
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コヴィディエン リミテッド パートナーシップ
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/10Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for applying or removing wound clamps, e.g. containing only one clamp or staple; Wound clamp magazines
    • A61B17/105Wound clamp magazines
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07221Stapler heads curved
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07271Stapler heads characterised by its cartridge

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Description

(背景)
(技術分野)
本開示は、概して、組織を外科的に接合するための器具に関しており、より具体的には、比較的小さい直径を有するエンドエフェクタを含む外科用締結器具および装填ユニットに関している。
(関連技術の背景)
組織を外科的に接合するために用いられる種々のタイプの外科用器具は、当該技術分野において公知であり、例えば、離断、切除、吻合における組織または器官の閉鎖のため、胸部および腹部の処置における器官の閉塞のため、および組織を電気外科的に融合または密閉するために、一般的に用いられている。
そのような外科用器具の一例は、外科用ステープリング器具であり、それは、アンビルアセンブリと、外科用ファスナーのアレイを支持するためのカートリッジアセンブリと、カートリッジアセンブリおよびアンビルアセンブリを接近させるための接近機構と、外科用ファスナーをカートリッジアセンブリから発射するための発射機構とを含み得る。
外科医が、アンビルア部材とカートリッジ部材とを接近させるために、外科用器具を用いることは一般的である。次に、外科医は、外科用ファスナーを組織内に据え付けるために器具を発射し得る。さらに、外科医は、同じ器具または別個の器具を用いて、外科用ファスナーの列に隣接した組織または外科用ファスナーの列の間の組織を切断し得る。
さらに、装填ユニット(例えば、単回使用装填ユニットまたは使い捨て装填ユニット)は、外科用ステープリング器具の細長い部分または内視鏡部分に取り付けられ得る。そのような装填ユニットは、例えば、外科用ステープリング器具がより大きな多用途性を有することを可能にする。装填ユニットは、単回使用のために構成され得、かつ/または、複数回使用のために構成され得る。
さらに、エンドエフェクタおよび/または装填ユニットは、概して、それに含まれている種々の構成要素によってサイズが限定される。すなわち、エンドエフェクタおよび/または装填ユニットが、典型的に利用可能であるものに比べてより小さい直径を有する必要があり得、エンドエフェクタおよび/または装填ユニットの直径は、典型的には、例えば、それに含まれているステープルプッシャ、Iビーム、作動スレッド、およびファスナーのサイズ、幾何学的形状、および/または配向によって限定される。
(概要)
本開示は、外科用器具との係合のために構成された装填ユニットに関する。装填ユニットは、近位本体部分と、エンドエフェクタと、作動スレッドと、プッシャとを含む。近位本体部分は、長手方向軸を画定する。エンドエフェクタは、近位本体部分と機械的に協調して配置され、カートリッジアセンブリおよびアンビルアセンブリを含む。カートリッジアセンブリおよびアンビルアセンブリのうちの一方は、開放位置とそれらの間で組織を捕捉する接近位置との間で、カートリッジアセンブリおよびアンビルアセンブリのうちの他方に対して移動可能である。カートリッジアセンブリは、その内部にファスナーを収納するように構成されている。作動スレッドは、カートリッジアセンブリ内で長手方向に並進可能である。プッシャは、カートリッジアセンブリ内に配置される。プッシャは、第1の列および第2の列に配置される。各プッシャは、作動スレッドと係合するように構成されたカム表面を含む。第1の列における各プッシャのカム表面は、第2の列における各プッシャのカム表面と長手方向に整列させられる。第1の列は、第2の列から横方向にずれている。
開示された実施形態において、各プッシャの1つのカム表面は、第1のカム表面および第2のカム表面を含む。作動スレッドが該作動スレッドの遠位の並進の間に第1の列における各プッシャの第1のカム表面に接触するように構成されることと、作動スレッドが該作動スレッドの遠位の並進の間に第2の列における各プッシャの第2のカム表面に接触するように構成されることとが、さらに開示される。さらに、第1の列における各プッシャの第2のカム表面は、作動スレッドの遠位の並進の間に作動スレッドから離間され、第2の列における各プッシャの第1のカム表面は、作動スレッドの遠位の並進の間に作動スレッドから離間される。
プッシャが第3の列および第4の列に配置されることも開示される。さらに、作動スレッドは、第1の楔および第2の楔を含む。作動スレッドの遠位の並進は、第1の楔が第1の列における各プッシャのカム表面と、第2の列における各プッシャの第2のカム表面とに接触することを引き起こす。作動スレッドの遠位の並進は、第2の楔が第3の列における各プッシャの第1のカム表面と、第4の列における各プッシャの第2のカム表面とに接触することを引き起こす。
エンドエフェクタの最も外側の直径が約5mmであることもまた開示される。
開示された実施形態において、装填ユニットは、カートリッジアセンブリの組織接触表面を通して延びている複数のT字型保持スロットを含む。
第1の列における各プッシャが、第1の配向に配置され、第2の列における各プッシャが、第2の配向に配置されることもまた開示されている。第1の配向は、第2の配向から180°ずれている。
さらに、第1の列における各プッシャは、第2の列における各プッシャと同一である。
開示された実施形態において、第1のカム表面は、長手方向軸に対して第1の角度に配置されており、第2のカム表面は、長手方向軸に対して第2の角度に配置されており、第1の角度は、第2の角度と同一である。第1の角度は、約20°〜約40°の間であることが開示される。
さらに、各プッシャが、ファスナーに係合するように構成された上側エッジを含む本体部分と、本体部分から垂直に延びている横方向延長部と、横方向延長部から第1の方向に延びており第1のカム表面を有している第1のレッグと、横方向延長部から第2の方向に延びており第2のカム表面を有している第2のレッグとを含むことが開示される。横方向延長部の上側エッジは、本体部分の上側エッジと共平面である。
本開示はまた、外科用器具と共に使用するためのプッシャに関する。プッシャは、本体部分と、横方向延長部と、第1のレッグと、第2のレッグとを含む。本体部分は、ファスナーに係合するように構成された上側エッジを含む。横方向延長部は、本体部分から垂直に延びている。第1のレッグは、横方向延長部から第1の方向に延びており、第1のカム表面を含んでいる。第2のレッグは、横方向延長部から第2の方向に延びており、第2のカム表面を含んでいる。
開示された実施形態において、横方向延長部の上側エッジは、本体部分の上側エッジと共平面である。
さらに、第1のカム表面が長手方向軸に対して第1の角度に配置され、第2のカム表面が長手方向軸に対して第2の角度に配置され、第1の角度および第2の角度が同一であることが開示される。さらに、第1の角度が約20°〜約40°の間であることが開示される。第1の方向が第2の方向の反対であることもまた開示される。
本明細書は、例えば、以下の項目を提供する。
(項目1)
外科用器具との係合のために構成された装填ユニットであって、上記装填ユニットは、
長手方向軸を画定している近位本体部分と、
上記近位本体部分と機械的に協調して配置されているエンドエフェクタであって、上記エンドエフェクタは、カートリッジアセンブリおよびアンビルアセンブリを含み、上記カートリッジアセンブリおよび上記アンビルアセンブリのうちの一方は、開放位置とそれらの間で組織を捕捉する接近位置との間で、上記カートリッジアセンブリおよび上記アンビルアセンブリのうちの他方に対して移動可能であり、上記カートリッジアセンブリは、その内部にファスナーを収納するように構成されている、エンドエフェクタと、
上記カートリッジアセンブリ内で長手方向に並進可能な作動スレッドと、
上記カートリッジアセンブリ内に配置されたプッシャであって、上記プッシャは、第1の列および第2の列に配列されており、各プッシャは、上記作動スレッドとの係合のために構成された表面を含み、上記第1の列における各プッシャのカム表面は、上記第2の列における各プッシャのカム表面と長手方向に整列させられており、プッシャの上記第1の列は、プッシャの上記第2の列から横方向にずれている、プッシャと
を含む、装填ユニット。
(項目2)
各プッシャの上記カム表面は、第1のカム表面および第2のカム表面を含む、上記項目に記載の装填ユニット。
(項目3)
上記作動スレッドは、上記作動スレッドの遠位の並進の間に、上記第1の列における各プッシャの上記第1のカム表面に接触するように構成されており、
上記作動スレッドは、上記作動スレッドの遠位の並進の間に、上記第2の列における各プッシャの上記第2のカム表面に接触するように構成されている、上記項目のいずれかに記載の装填ユニット。
(項目4)
上記第1の列における各プッシャの上記第2のカム表面は、上記作動スレッドの遠位の並進の間に、上記作動スレッドから離間されており、
上記第2の列における各プッシャの上記第1のカム表面は、上記作動スレッドの遠位の並進の間に、上記作動スレッドから離間されている、上記項目のいずれかに記載の装填ユニット。
(項目5)
上記プッシャは、垂直方向において細長い横方向延長部を含み、上記カートリッジアセンブリは、T字型保持スロットを含み、上記横方向延長部は、上記T字型保持スロットの一部分内に受け取られる、上記項目のいずれかに記載の装填ユニット。
(項目6)
上記作動スレッドは、第1の楔および第2の楔を含み、上記作動スレッドの遠位の並進は、上記第1の楔が、上記第1の列における各プッシャの上記第1のカム表面と、上記第2の列における各プッシャの上記第2のカム表面とに接触することを引き起こし、
上記作動スレッドの遠位の並進は、上記第2の楔が、第3の列における各プッシャの上記第1のカム表面と、第4の列における各プッシャの上記第2のカム表面とに接触することを引き起こす、上記項目のいずれかに記載の装填ユニット。
(項目7)
上記エンドエフェクタの最も外側の直径は、約5mmである、上記項目のいずれかに記載の装填ユニット。
(項目8)
上記エンドエフェクタの最も外側の直径は、約4mm、5mm、および8mmから成る群から選択される、上記項目のいずれかに記載の装填ユニット。
(項目9)
上記カートリッジアセンブリの組織接触表面を通って延びている複数のT字型保持スロットをさらに含む、上記項目のいずれかに記載の装填ユニット。
(項目10)
上記第1の列における各プッシャは、第1の配向に配置されており、上記第2の列における各プッシャは、第2の配向に配置されており、上記第1の配向は、上記第2の配向から180°ずれている、上記項目のいずれかに記載の装填ユニット。
(項目11)
上記第1の列における各プッシャは、上記第2の列における各プッシャと同一である、上記項目のいずれかに記載の装填ユニット。
(項目12)
上記第1のカム表面は、上記長手方向軸に対して第1の角度に配置されており、上記第2のカム表面は、上記長手方向軸に対して第2の角度に配置されており、上記第1の角度は、上記第2の角度と同一である、上記項目のいずれかに記載の装填ユニット。
(項目13)
上記第1の角度は、約20°〜約40°の間である、上記項目のいずれかに記載の装填ユニット。
(項目14)
各プッシャは、ファスナーと係合するように構成された上側エッジを含む本体部分と、上記本体部分から垂直に延びている横方向延長部と、上記横方向延長部から第1の方向に延びており上記第1のカム表面を含む第1のレッグと、上記横方向延長部から第2の方向に延びており上記第2のカム表面を含む第2のレッグとを含む、上記項目のいずれかに記載の装填ユニット。
(項目15)
上記横方向延長部の上記上側エッジは、上記本体の上記上側エッジと共平面である、上記項目のいずれかに記載の装填ユニット。
(項目16)
外科用器具と共に使用するためのプッシャであって、
ファスナーに係合するように構成された上側エッジを含む本体部分と、
上記本体部分から垂直に延びている横方向延長部と、
上記横方向延長部から第1の方向に延びており第1のカム表面を含む第1のレッグと、
上記横方向延長部から第2の方向に延びており第2のカム表面を含む第2のレッグと
を含む、プッシャ。
(項目17)
上記横方向延長部の上側エッジは、上記本体部分の上記上側エッジと共平面である、上記項目に記載のプッシャ。
(項目18)
上記第1のカム表面は、上記長手方向軸に対して第1の角度に配置されており、上記第2のカム表面は、上記長手方向軸に対して第2の角度に配置されており、上記第1の角度および上記第2の角度は、同一である、上記項目のいずれかに記載のプッシャ。
(項目19)
上記第1の角度は、約20°〜約40°の間である、上記項目のいずれかに記載のプッシャ。
(項目20)
上記第1の方向は、上記第2の方向とは反対である、上記項目のいずれかに記載のプッシャ。
(摘要)
外科用器具との係合のための装填ユニット。装填ユニットは、近位本体部分と、エンドエフェクタと、作動スレッドと、プッシャとを含む。作動スレッドは、カートリッジアセンブリ内で長手方向に並進可能である。プッシャは、カートリッジアセンブリ内に配置される。各プッシャは、作動スレッドとの係合のために構成されたカム表面を含む。第1の列における各プッシャのカム表面は、第2の列における各プッシャのカム表面と長手方向に整列させられる。プッシャの第1の列は、プッシャの第2の列から横方向にずれている。
本開示の外科用器具および装填ユニットの種々の実施形態が、図面を参照しながら本明細書中に開示される。
図1は、本開示の実施形態に従う外科用器具の斜視図である。 図2は、本開示に従うエンドエフェクタを有する装填ユニットの斜視図である。 図3は、関節運動位置(articulated position)に配置されたエンドエフェクタを図示する図2の装填ユニットの斜視図である。 図4は、開放位置における図3のエンドエフェクタの斜視図である。 図5は、接近位置における図4のエンドエフェクタの側面図である。 図6は、図4のエンドエフェクタのカートリッジアセンブリの上面図である。 図7は、図4のエンドエフェクタの組立図である。 図8は、図7に示されるエリアを詳細に示している。 図9は、図4のエンドエフェクタのアンビルアセンブリの斜視図である。 図10は、図4のエンドエフェクタのアンビルアセンブリの斜視図である。 図11は、本開示に従う装填ユニットのスレッド、プッシャ、およびファスナーの斜視図である。 図12は、本開示に従う装填ユニットのスレッド、プッシャ、およびファスナーの斜視図である。 図12Aは、図11および12のプッシャの斜視図である。 図13は、本開示の装填ユニットのアンビルアセンブリおよびバネの一部分の組立図である。 図14は、図13のバネと係合したアンビルアセンブリの近位部分の斜視図である。 図15は、図4の線15−15に沿って切り取られたエンドエフェクタの一部分の側面断面図である。 図16は、図15に示されるエリアを詳細に図示している。 図17は、図4の線17−17に沿って切り取られたエンドエフェクタの一部分の側面断面図である。 図18は、図17に示されるエリアを詳細に図示している。 図19は、接近位置における本開示のエンドエフェクタの斜視図である。 図20は、図19のエンドエフェクタの一部分の斜視図である。 図21は、図20における線21−21に沿って切り取られた本開示のエンドエフェクタの側面断面図である。 図22は、図21に示されるエリアを詳細に図示している。 図23は、本開示のエンドエフェクタの一部分の側面断面図である。 図24は、図23に示されるエリアを詳細に図示している。 図25は、接近位置における本開示のエンドエフェクタの斜視図である。 図26は、図25における線26−26に沿って切り取られた本開示のエンドエフェクタの端部断面図である。
(詳細な説明)
本開示の外科用器具、それと共に使用するための装填ユニット、およびそれと共に使用するためにカートリッジアセンブリの実施形態が図面を参照して詳細に記載され、同じ参照番号は、いくつかの図面の各々において、対応する要素を指している。当該技術分野において一般的である通り、用語「近位」は、ユーザまたは操作者(例えば、外科医または医師)により近いパーツまたは構成要素を参照し、その一方で用語「遠位」は、ユーザから離れたパーツまたは構成要素を参照している。
本開示の外科用器具は、図1において参照番号100として示されている。一般に、外科用器具100は、ハンドルアセンブリ110、該ハンドルアセンブリ110から遠位に延びている細長い部分120、および細長い部分120の遠位端に隣接して配置されている装填ユニット200を含む。図1は、給電式ハンドルアセンブリを含む外科用器具100を図示しているが、その他のタイプのハンドル、例えば、モータ駆動式、水圧式、旋回式、ラチェット式等が用いられ得る。本明細書中で用いられるとき、「ハンドルアセンブリ」は、全てのタイプのハンドルアセンブリを包含する。装填ユニット200は、外科用ステープリング器具100の細長い部分120に解放可能に取り付け可能であり、例えば、外科用器具100がより大きい多用途性を有することを可能にする。この配列は、臨床医が所与の処置のために特定の装填ユニット200を選択することを可能にする。本明細書中で用いられるとき、「装填ユニット」は、単回使用装填ユニット(「SULU」)および使い捨て装填ユニット(「DLU」)を包含する。追加的にまたは代替的に、外科用器具100は、器具の再使用可能な顎部において除去可能および交換可能なカートリッジを有し得る。
外科用ステープリング器具と共に使用するための装填ユニットの例は、共有に係るBolanos等に対する米国特許5,752,644号に開示されており、その全体の内容は、参照により本明細書中に援用される。内視鏡外科用ステープリング器具のさらなる詳細は、共有に係るMilliman等に対する米国特許6,953,139号に記載されており、その全体の内容は、参照により本明細書中に援用される。
本開示に従う外科用器具100において、発射ロッド(明示的に示されていない)は、ファスナー600(図7)を配備するためにハンドルアセンブリ110の作動を通して遠位に移動させられる。図1に示されている実施形態を参照すると、第1のスイッチ112または第2のスイッチ114の少なくとも部分的な作動が、発射ロッドを長手方向に並進させる。発射ロッドの遠位の並進は、ナイフバー140(図23)の遠位の並進を引き起こし、これは、以下にさらに詳細に議論されるように、クランプ部材500の遠位の並進を引き起こすことにより、少なくとも1つの顎部部材を互いに対して接近させる。さらに、クランプ部材500(図2)の遠位の並進は、作動スレッド520(図16)の対応する並進を引き起こし、これは、プッシャ550が、カートリッジアセンブリ400のポケット401(図6)からのファスナー600(図17)の射出を引き起こすという結果になる。
図2、3をさらに参照すると、本開示の装填ユニット200が示されている。装填ユニット200は、長手方向軸「A−A」を画定している近位本体部分210と、第1の顎部部材またはアンビルアセンブリ300および第2の顎部部材またはカートリッジアセンブリ400を含むツールアセンブリまたはエンドエフェクタ220とを含んでいる。カートリッジアセンブリ400は、カートリッジチャネル409(図7)内に配置されたカートリッジ408を含む。以下に詳細に議論されるように、近位本体部分210は、外科用器具100の細長い部分120に除去可能に取り付けられるように構成されている。図3に示されているように、エンドエフェクタ220は、長手方向軸「A−A]」に対して旋回可能である。
ここで図26を参照すると、本明細書中に開示されている装填ユニット200の種々の特徴は、詳細には、装填ユニット200が、約12mmの直径を有するより従来的な器具と比較して比較的小さい直径「d」(例えば、約4mm、約5mm、約6mm、約7mmまたは約8mm等)を有することを可能にする。装填ユニット200および特にエンドエフェクタ220の直径「d」は、アンビルアセンブリ300の半径方向最も外側の壁(またはクランプ部材の上部502)とカートリッジアセンブリ400の半径方向最も外側の壁(またはクランプ部材500の底部504)との間で測定される。そのような低プロファイルは、装填ユニット200がトロカール「T」(図5において幻影線で示されている)または同様の内径を有するその他のアクセスデバイスの中に挿入されることを可能にする。本開示のエンドエフェクタ220は、同等の直径を有する身体組織内の開口部(例えば、切開部または自然に存在するオリフィス)の中に挿入され得ることが企図されている。理解されるように、そのような低プロファイルの装填ユニット200は、例えば、小児外科手術および/またはその他の薄い組織の場所において有用である。さらに、示されている実施形態において、装填ユニット200の近位本体部分210の近位部分212は、より大きい直径の細長い部分120(例えば、約7mm〜約12mmの間)を有する外科用器具100(図1)の細長い部分120に係合するようにサイズおよび構成が決められており、これにより、装填ユニット200が約7mm〜約12mmの間の外径を有する細長い部分120を有する器具に結合されることを可能にすることによってより大きな多用途性を可能にする。
さらに具体的に、図2を参照すると、装填ユニット200の挿入先端202が、外科用ステープリング器具100(図1)の細長い部分120の遠位端の中に直線的に挿入される。挿入先端202の突起204は、細長い部分120の遠位端に隣接して形成されたスロットを通して直線的に移動する。その後、装填ユニット200は、長手方向軸「A−A」を中心として回転させられ、その結果、突起204は、細長い部分120内のスロットを通して長手方向軸「A−A」に対して横方向に移動するようになる。さらに、装填ユニット200および細長い部分120の係合の間、ハンドル部分110の発射ロッドは、装填ユニット200のナイフバー140(図23)と係合する。
図7および26を参照すると、クランプ部材500は、アンビルアセンブリ300と係合するように構成される上部502と、カートリッジアセンブリ400と係合するように構成される底部504と、上部502および底部504を連結し、その遠位表面または先導表面上に切断エッジ506を含み得る垂直部分503とを含む、I字型の断面を含む。さらに、エンドエフェクタ220を通るクランプ部材500の遠位の前進は、上部502をアンビルアセンブリ300のカム表面302(図16)に接触させる。このようにして、クランプ部材500の継続した遠位の前進は、アンビルアセンブリ300をその開放位置(図4)からその接近位置(図5)に向けてカートリッジアセンブリ400に対して旋回させる。さらに、クランプ部材500の上部502は、アンビルアセンブリ300内のスロット304内で遠位に前進させられ、クランプ部材500の底部504は、カートリッジアセンブリ400のカートリッジチャネル409のスロット414内で遠位に前進させられることにより、顎部材を互いに対して安定させることを助け、そして、第1の顎部材300と第2の顎部材400との間で一定の間隙を維持することを助ける。このようにして、発射ロッドの所定の量の遠位移動が、顎部部材の接近および安定化を引き起こす。さらに、クランプ部材500の切断エッジ506は、クランプ部材500上に含まれる場合、アンビルアセンブリ300のチャネル305(図9)、カートリッジアセンブリ400のチャネル405(図8)を通って移動し、(上述のように組織が締結された後に)顎部部材間に配置された組織を切断する。
さらに、図13および14を特に参照すると、付勢要素540は、アンビルアセンブリ300を開放位置に向けて付勢するように構成されている。特に、付勢要素540(例えば、バネ)は、アンビルアセンブリ300の近位端に配置されるかまたは該近位端に固定される。例えば、図16および22に示されているように、付勢要素540は、近位本体部分210の遠位端213に接触する。付勢要素540の端部542(例えば、片持ち端部)は、近位へと強制され、これにより、アンビルアセンブリ300をその開放位置(図15)に向けて付勢する。
さらに作動スレッド520に関し、作動スレッド520の遠位の並進は、複数のプッシャ550に連続的に係合し、プッシャ550をカートリッジアセンブリ400の組織接触表面410(図8)に向けて移動させ、ファスナー600をアンビルアセンブリ300に向けて射出させる。ファスナー600の射出の後、クランプ部材500の切断エッジ506が、ステープル留めされた組織を切断する(図18)。
特に図11および12を参照すると、作動スレッド520のさらなる詳細が開示されている。作動スレッド520は、プッシャ550の第1のカム表面560または第2のカム表面561のいずれかに接触し、それにより、プッシャ550の上側エッジ553をファスナー600と係合させ、その後、カートリッジアセンブリ400(図8)の保持キャビティ450を通して、そして(例えば、顎部部材の間に保持された組織を通して)アンビルアセンブリ300のそれぞれのポケット320(図10)に向けて、ファスナー600の射出を引き起こすように構成されている。
ここで図12Aを参照すると、プッシャ550のさらなる詳細が開示されている。各プッシャ550は、本体部分552と、横方向延長部554と、第1のレッグ556と、第2のレッグ558と、第1のカム表面560、第2のカム表面561とを含む。各プッシャ550は、本体部分552が長手方向軸「A−A」と平行になるように、カートリッジアセンブリ400内に配置される(図2、7および8を参照)。本体部分552の上側エッジ553は、ファスナー600のバックスパン602に係合するように構成および寸法が決められている。横方向延長部554は、本体部分552から垂直に延びている。示された実施形態において、横方向延長部554の上側エッジ555は、本体部分552の上側エッジ553と共平面である。
図12Aに示されている配向において、第1のレッグ556は、横方向延長部554から近位に延びており、第2のレッグ558は、横方向延長部554から遠位に延びている。この第1の配向において、プッシャ550は、ファスナー600の内側列「I1」および「I2」(図8)に関連して用いられる。理解され得るように、プッシャ550の配向が180°回転された場合、プッシャ550は、その第2の配向になり、ファスナー600の外側列「O1」および「O2」(図8)と関連して用いられる。さらに、第2の配向において、第1のレッグ556は、横方向延長部554から遠位に延び、第2のレッグ558は、横方向延長部554から近位に延びる。
引き続き図12Aを参照すると、第1のレッグ556および第2のレッグ558の各々は、略楔形状であり、その下端部においてそれぞれのカム表面560、561を含み、その上端部において平面状の表面562を含む。第1のカム表面560は、第1のレッグ556の下表面556aによって画定される軸に対して角度α1に配置され、第2のカム表面561は、第1のレッグ556の下表面556aによって画定される軸に対して第2の角度α2に配置される。第1の角度α1は、第2の角度α2と同一であり、例えば、約20°〜約40°の間であり得る。より大きい角度およびより小さい角度もまた企図される。
プッシャ550が第1の配向にある場合(図12A)、第1のレッグ556のカム表面560は、作動スレッド520の楔524(以下に議論されるように、列に応じて、楔524aまたは524b)に係合するように構成されており、その一方で、第2のレッグ558のカム表面561は、作動スレッド520のカム表面524との係合から自由であるように構成されている。すなわち、第1の配向において、カム表面561は、楔524に接触または係合しない。プッシャ550が第2の配向にある場合、第2のレッグ558のカム表面561は、作動スレッド520の楔524(列に応じて、楔524aまたは524b)に係合するように構成されており、その一方で、第1のレッグ556のカム表面560は、作動スレッド520の楔524との係合から自由であるように構成されている。すなわち、第2の配向において、カム表面560は、楔524と接触または係合しない。
さらに、図8に示されているように、プッシャ550は、4つの長手方向列「R1」、「R2」、「R3」、および「R4」に配列されており、列「R1」および「R2」は、チャネル405の第1の横方向の側において互い違いに配置されており、列「R3」および「R4」は、チャネル405の第2の横方向の側において互い違いに配置されている。ここで、列「R1」に配列されたプッシャ550の第1のレッグ556のカム表面560は、列「R2」に配列されたプッシャ550の第2のレッグ558のカム表面561と長手方向に整列させられている。同様に、列「R3」に配列されたプッシャ550の第1のレッグ556のカム表面560は、列「R4」に配列されたプッシャの第2のレッグ558のカム表面561と長手方向に整列させられている。したがって、作動スレッド520の各楔524a、524bは、プッシャ550の2つの列に係合するように構成されている。より具体的には、第1の楔524aは、列「R1」および「R2」においてプッシャ550に係合するように構成されており、その一方で、第2の楔524bは、列「R3」および「R4」においてプッシャ550に係合するように構成されている。
プッシャは、列R1、R2、R3、およびR4において同一であるが、隣接する列とは反対の配向に配列されている。第1のレッグおよび第2のレッグは、例えば、プッシャがR1およびR2において用いられることを可能にするように反対方向に対面しているが反対の配向にあるカム表面を有している。隣接する列における横方向延長部は、反対方向に延びている。プッシャが隣接する列にある状態で(例えば、R1およびR2にあるプッシャ等)、横方向延長部は、プッシャ(およびステープル)が互いに対して互い違いに配置されているので、小さな面積に収容される。
図12Aを特に参照すると、プッシャ550の第1のレッグ556および第2のレッグ558の平面状の表面562は、本体部分552の上側エッジ553と平行であるが、上側エッジ553と共平面ではない。プッシャ550が作動スレッド520によって移動またはカム作用された後に、平面状の表面562がカートリッジアセンブリ400内の下面407と接触または実質的に接触することが企図されている(図24を参照)。すなわち、カートリッジアセンブリ400内の下面407は、アンビルアセンビル300に向けたプッシャ550の移動を制限し、これは、ファスナー600の完全かつ適切な形成を確実にすることを助け得、さらには、プッシャ550が(例えば、ファスナー600の射出の前、最中、後に)カートリッジアセンブリ400内にとどまることを確実にすることを助け得る。
図8に戻って参照すると、カートリッジアセンブリ400の保持キャビティ450が示されている。各保持キャビティ450は、それが組織接触表面410と交差して、少なくとも部分的にそれを通るプッシャ550の移動に適応するように、T字型の形状である。さらに、プッシャ550と同様に、保持キャビティ450の隣接する列は、互いから長手方向に互い違いに配置されており、保持キャビティ450の配向は、1つの隣接列における保持キャビティ450から180°回転させられている(例えば、図8を参照)。保持キャビティ450のT字型の形状は、カートリッジアセンブリ400内のプッシャ550の横方向および長手方向の位置を維持することを助けることが企図されている。
上述した記載は、多くの具体例を含んでいるが、これらの具体例は、本開示の範囲を限定するものとして考えらえるべきではなく、本開示の種々の実施形態の例示にすぎないと考えられるべきである。したがって、上述した記載は、限定として解釈されるべきではなく、種々の実施形態の例証にすぎないと解釈されるべきである。当業者は、本明細書に添付された特許請求の範囲の権利範囲内および趣旨内でその他の改変を企図し得る。

Claims (18)

  1. 外科用器具との係合のために構成されている装填ユニットであって、前記装填ユニットは、
    長手方向軸を画定している近位本体部分と、
    前記近位本体部分と機械的に協調して配置されているエンドエフェクタであって、前記エンドエフェクタは、カートリッジアセンブリアンビルアセンブリを含み、前記カートリッジアセンブリと前記アンビルアセンブリとの間に組織を捕捉するために、前記カートリッジアセンブリおよび前記アンビルアセンブリのうちの一方は、前記カートリッジアセンブリおよび前記アンビルアセンブリのうちの他方に対して、開放位置と接近位置との間で移動可能であり、前記カートリッジアセンブリは、前記カートリッジアセンブリの内部にファスナーを収納するように構成されている、エンドエフェクタと、
    前記カートリッジアセンブリ内で長手方向に並進可能な作動スレッドと、
    前記カートリッジアセンブリ内に配置されている複数のプッシャであって、前記複数のプッシャの各々は、ファスナーに係合するように構成されている上側エッジを含む本体部分と、前記作動スレッドとの係合のために構成されているカム表面とを含み、前記複数のプッシャのうちの少なくとも1つの第1のプッシャの本体部分は、第1の列に配列されており、前記複数のプッシャのうちの少なくとも1つの第2のプッシャの本体部分は、第2の列に配列されており、前記複数のプッシャのうちの前記少なくとも1つの第1のプッシャの各々のカム表面は、前記複数のプッシャのうちの前記少なくとも1つの第2のプッシャの各々のカム表面と長手方向に整列させられており、共通の長手方向軸が、前記複数のプッシャのうちの前記少なくとも1つの第1のプッシャのすべてのカム表面および前記複数のプッシャのうちの前記少なくとも1つの第2のプッシャのすべてのカム表面の両方を通って延びており、前記第1の列は、前記第2の列から横方向にずれており、前記複数のプッシャのうちの前記少なくとも1つの第1のプッシャの各々は、前記複数のプッシャのうちの前記少なくとも1つの第2のプッシャの各々と同一である、複数のプッシャと
    を含む、装填ユニット。
  2. 前記複数のプッシャの各々のカム表面は、第1のカム表面および第2のカム表面を含む、請求項1に記載の装填ユニット。
  3. 前記作動スレッドは、前記作動スレッドの遠位の並進の間に、前記複数のプッシャのうちの前記少なくとも1つの第1のプッシャの各々の第1のカム表面に接触するように構成されており、
    前記作動スレッドは、前記作動スレッドの遠位の並進の間に、前記複数のプッシャのうちの前記少なくとも1つの第2のプッシャの各々の第2のカム表面に接触するように構成されている、請求項2に記載の装填ユニット。
  4. 前記複数のプッシャのうちの前記少なくとも1つの第1のプッシャの各々の第2のカム表面は、前記作動スレッドの遠位の並進の間に、前記作動スレッドから離間されており、
    前記複数のプッシャのうちの前記少なくとも1つの第2のプッシャの各々の第1のカム表面は、前記作動スレッドの遠位の並進の間に、前記作動スレッドから離間されている、請求項3に記載の装填ユニット。
  5. 前記複数のプッシャの各々は、垂直方向において細長い横方向延長部を含み、前記カートリッジアセンブリは、T字型保持スロットを含み、前記横方向延長部は、前記T字型保持スロットの一部分において受け取られる、請求項1に記載の装填ユニット。
  6. 前記複数のプッシャのうちの少なくとも1つの第3のプッシャの本体部分は、第3の列に配列されており、前記複数のプッシャのうちの少なくとも1つの第4のプッシャの本体部分は、第4の列に配列されており、前記作動スレッドは、第1の楔第2の楔を含み、前記作動スレッドの遠位の並進は、前記第1の楔が、前記複数のプッシャのうちの前記少なくとも1つの第1のプッシャの各々の第1のカム表面と前記複数のプッシャのうちの前記少なくとも1つの第2のプッシャの各々の第2のカム表面とに接触することを引き起こし、前記作動スレッドの遠位の並進は、前記第2の楔が、前記複数のプッシャのうちの前記少なくとも1つの第3のプッシャの各々の第1のカム表面と前記複数のプッシャのうちの前記少なくとも1つの第4のプッシャの各々の第2のカム表面とに前記本体部分を伴って接触することを引き起こす、請求項に記載の装填ユニット。
  7. 前記エンドエフェクタの最も外側の直径は、約5mmである、請求項1に記載の装填ユニット。
  8. 前記エンドエフェクタの最も外側の直径は、約4mm、約5mm、約8mmから成る群から選択される、請求項1に記載の装填ユニット。
  9. 前記カートリッジアセンブリの組織接触表面を通って延びている複数のT字型保持スロットをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の装填ユニット。
  10. 前記複数のプッシャのうちの前記少なくとも1つの第1のプッシャの各々は、第1の配向に配置されており、前記複数のプッシャのうちの前記少なくとも1つの第2のプッシャの各々は、第2の配向に配置されており、前記第1の配向は、前記第2の配向から180°ずれている、請求項1に記載の装填ユニット。
  11. 前記第1のカム表面は、前記長手方向軸に対して第1の角度に配置されており、前記第2のカム表面は、前記長手方向軸に対して第2の角度に配置されており、前記第1の角度は、前記第2の角度と同一である、請求項2に記載の装填ユニット。
  12. 前記第1の角度は、約20°〜約40°の間である、請求項11に記載の装填ユニット。
  13. 前記複数のプッシャの各々は、前記本体部分から垂直に延びている横方向延長部と、前記横方向延長部から第1の方向に延びており、かつ、前記第1のカム表面を含む第1のレッグと、前記横方向延長部から第2の方向に延びており、かつ、前記第2のカム表面を含む第2のレッグとを含む、請求項2に記載の装填ユニット。
  14. 前記横方向延長部の上側エッジは、前記本体部分の前記上側エッジと共平面である、請求項13に記載の装填ユニット。
  15. 外科用器具と共に使用されるプッシャであって、
    長手方向軸を画定している本体部分であって、ファスナーに係合するように構成された上側エッジを含む本体部分と、
    前記本体部分から垂直に延びている横方向延長部であって、前記横方向延長部の上側エッジは、前記本体部分の上側エッジと共平面である、横方向延長部と、
    前記横方向延長部から第1の方向に延びている第1のレッグであって、前記第1のレッグは、第1のカム表面を含み、前記第1のカム表面は、前記長手方向軸に対して第1の角度に配置されている、第1のレッグと、
    前記横方向延長部から第2の方向に延びている第2のレッグであって、前記第2のレッグは、第2のカム表面を含み、前記第2のカム表面は、前記長手方向軸に対して第2の角度に配置されている、第2のレッグと
    を含む、プッシャ。
  16. 前記第1の角度および前記第2の角度は、同一である、請求項15に記載のプッシャ。
  17. 前記第1の角度は、約20°〜約40°の間である、請求項16に記載のプッシャ。
  18. 前記第1の方向は、前記第2の方向とは反対である、請求項15に記載のプッシャ。
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CA2941294A1 (en) 2017-04-02
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US20170095253A1 (en) 2017-04-06
US10213204B2 (en) 2019-02-26
US20190150927A1 (en) 2019-05-23
AU2016228189A1 (en) 2017-04-20
CN107049394B (zh) 2021-07-30
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