JP6933450B2 - Voltage Reactive Power Monitoring and Control Device and Method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a voltage reactive power monitoring control device and method for a power system for monitoring the state of the power system and maintaining a balance between voltage and reactive power.

Patent Documents 1 to 3 and Non-Patent Document 1 are known with respect to a voltage reactive power monitoring control device and method for a power system for monitoring the state of the power system and maintaining a balance between voltage and reactive power.

Of these, Patent Document 1 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 8-280135) states that "a target power system, a data reading device that reads necessary data from the power system, and a plausible system state at that time are estimated from the read data. From the state estimation device, the power system partial system division calculation device as preprocessing for executing voltage reactive power control, the future system power flow state prediction device that predicts the future power system several hours ahead from the state estimation device, from the device From the obtained predicted power flow state, select the voltage to be operated for the optimum active power distribution. It will be. ”(See summary). Further, Patent Document 1 also describes the contents of Non-Patent Document 1 as a background technique in the present technical field.

Patent Document 2 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-288932) states, "In the voltage reactive power control of the power system, the control effect of the generator and the reactive power supply device with respect to the monitored bus voltage and the reactive power flow of the monitored transmission line is shown. Means for calculating the index and means for calculating the control weight coefficient of the generator according to the state of the power system in order to introduce constraint conditions for system operation among the control weight coefficients of each control device representing the control priority. And the means for calculating the amount of reactive power control of the generator and the reactive power supply device using the index representing the adjustment effect and the control weight coefficient "(see summary). Further, it is described that "By shifting ΔV0, the control of the LRT and the static VAR power supply device can be controlled in consideration of the control coordination of the generator control and the static VAR power supply device."

According to Patent Document 3 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-259554), "The median deviation weighted objective function creating means 19 is a voltage-reactive power adjusting device based on the system information of the power system obtained by the power system information grasping means 11. Create an objective function that incorporates the term of the sum of squares with deviation weights from the median value of the adjustable range of 3. The control amount calculation means 12 monitors by the objective function that incorporates the term of sum of squares with deviation weights. The control amount of the voltage ineffective power adjustment device 3 is calculated so that the target bus voltage and the ineffective power flow are within the permissible values, and the voltage ineffective power adjustment device 3 is passed through the command output means 14 and the information transmission devices 4c and 4d. The control amount for is output as a command. This secures the control margin amount of the voltage ineffective power adjustment device. ”(See summary). Further, in Patent Document 3, "In the voltage reactive power monitoring and control device according to the invention of claim 8, in addition to the action of the invention of any one of claims 1 to 7, the control amount continuation determination means is described. It is determined whether or not the duration of the control amount in the same direction for the same voltage / reactive power adjusting device has continued for a predetermined time, and the control amount calculation means determines that the control amount continuation determination means is a control amount that has continued for a predetermined time or longer. When this happens, the control amount for the voltage-reactive power adjustment device is output as a command. Control can be suppressed. "

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 8-280135 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-288932 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-259554

The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan, Voltage Stability Maintenance Measures for Electric Power Systems, Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan Technical Report II-73, pp. 37-44 (1979)

In the future, a large amount of power sources (output variable power sources) whose output fluctuates depending on the weather, such as renewable energy (solar power generation, wind power generation, etc.), will be introduced into the power system. The amount of fluctuation may be large. In addition, if active market transactions occur due to the liberalization of electric power, the line current may increase partially or entirely, and the balance between the voltage of the electric power system and the reactive power may not be maintained, or the supply reliability may decrease. , There is a risk that economic efficiency cannot be improved.

Regarding this point, the reactive power optimum allocation calculation device of Patent Document 1 states that "a state in which a plausible system state at that time is estimated from a target power system, a data reading device that reads necessary data from the power system, and the read data. Obtained from the estimation device, the power system partial system division calculation device as preprocessing for executing voltage reactive power control, the future system power flow state prediction device that predicts the future power system several hours ahead from the state estimation device, and the above device. It consists of an invalid power distribution command device that issues a command to the operating equipment based on the result of the invalid power optimum distribution calculation device that selects the voltage to be operated for the optimum active power distribution from the predicted power flow state. "." Is described. Further, Patent Document 1 states, "By dividing this power system with respect to the target power system and calculating the matching state of the reactive power generation source and the reactive power consumption source in the divided power system. It is designed to control the reactive power generator of the power system. [0009] That is, the number of voltage reactive power adjusting devices that have been collectively required for the target power system in the present invention. Dividing into the sub-systems. In the known examples so far, there have been known examples of dividing into sub-systems only for a specific type of electrically reactive power adjustment device having high voltage sensitivity (known examples (1) and (b)). ), In the present invention, this partial system is divided into a substation of the main system and its lower system, or a system having the same power supply as one unit. In this division method, the demand and supply of reactive power are balanced. If not, the optimum sub-system division is performed by repeating fusion and division with the adjacent sub-systems. The reactive power balance is obtained for each of the sub-systems divided in this way, and the optimum voltage-disabled power adjustment device for each sub-system. [0010] In order to calculate the optimum voltage-reactive power adjustment device to be controlled for each sub-system, in addition to the conventionally used algorithm, the case of similar system status is searched from the past historical data. A method of selecting the optimum voltage-reactive power controller based on the past results is used. In addition, by combining this idea with a power flow state prediction support system at a future point in time several hours ahead, the system state changes from moment to moment. In addition, we learned the results and power flow conditions of the reactive power control equipment at each time point and used it to calculate the optimum reactive power control device at the next time point. "

However, according to Patent Document 1, when the partial increase in line current due to active market transactions and the decrease in the output ratio of existing power sources such as thermal power generators due to the expansion of the introduction of renewable energy occur, the output ratio of existing power sources such as thermal power generators decreases. There is a possibility that the equipment to be controlled is biased to either the generator or the reactive power supply device, and the reactive power supply is insufficient. Therefore, it is expected that the subsystems will be repeatedly fused and divided into the subsystems. In addition, the effect of preventing the reverse operation phenomenon may be reduced or not obtained.

In Non-Patent Document 1, as a method of allocating the reactive power required for adjustment among generators, as described in Patent Document 1, "a method of using a determination function, (b), etc. There are a method of allocating by rate and a method of (c) allocating with the minimum transmission loss. In the method of allocating using the determination function of (a), the amount of change in the determination function is calculated for all the adjusting devices in the target system. Select the adjustment device that gives the maximum judgment function reduction, and operate within the upper and lower limits of the adjustment. This process is repeated until the constraint condition of the monitoring point is satisfied. The method (b) is in the power system. A group of generators that adjusts the deviation of the reference voltage of the voltage monitoring device is associated with the system characteristic constant in advance, and within that group, each unit has the same margin within the defined reactive power adjustment range. The adjustment amount is obtained so as to be a rate. In addition, the method of allocating with the minimum transmission loss in (c) reduces the average value of the deviation from the reference value of the voltage of each part of the system, and the reactive power at the interconnection point. The total value of the reactive power of the thermal power is controlled so that the tidal current approaches the standard value. "

However, according to Non-Patent Document 1, when the output ratio of existing power sources such as thermal power generators decreases due to the partial increase in line currents due to active market transactions and the expansion of the introduction of renewable energy, the controlled equipment generates power. It may be biased toward either the machine or the ineffective power supply device. As shown in Table 5.1, Non-Patent Document 1 describes thermal power, hydraulic power, LRT, SC, and ShR as adjustment equipment, but only a method of allocating the reactive power required for adjustment between generators. It is not described, and the allocation method for the static power supply device and the distribution method for the generator and the static power supply device together are not shown. Therefore, it is difficult to distribute the static power to the static power supply device or the generator and the static power supply device, and there is a risk that the balance between the voltage of the power system and the static power cannot be maintained, and the supply reliability is lowered. There is a risk of fear and the inability to improve economic efficiency.

In Patent Document 2, "the above-mentioned method using the conventional sensitivity constant can take into consideration the controllability of the control device, the upper and lower limits of the bus voltage of the monitoring point, and the upper and lower limits of the reactive power flow of the transmission line, but for the following reasons. Insufficient coordinated control between control devices. [0015] (a) First problem: imbalance in control amount distribution between generators. Sensitivity constant Aij used in equations (5) and (6). , Bkj, Dkj are calculated using the DC equivalent circuit of the power system or the Jacobi matrix of the power equation. A slight difference in the impedance of the generator will exclusively control the generator with the larger effect. [0016] As a result, the imbalance of the reactive power output is caused by the overexcitation or phase-advancing operation of the generator. It causes the occurrence and leads to a decrease in reliability especially in terms of stability in system operation. When the control is performed by controlling the voltage target value for the generator operating in the AVR (Automatic Voltage Regulation) mode, the invalid power output is not good. Equilibrium is likely to appear remarkably. [0017] (b) Second problem: Imbalance of invalid power output between the ineffective power supply device and the generator. In the operation of the power system, the ineffective power output and the inactive power of the generator The reactive power output of the supply device needs to be coordinated as described below. The generator must secure an operating margin so that it does not become overexcited or phase-advanced, and the amount of reactive power required by the system is large. If there is a significant change, the amount of disabled power supplied by the disabled power supply device is adjusted in order to maintain the operating margin of the generator. [0018] On the other hand, the disabled power supply device is invalidated by opening / closing control of the power condenser and reactor. The power supply is adjusted and frequent opening and closing operations must be avoided. Therefore, when the system condition is stable and the change in the required reactive power is small, priority is given to control by the generator. The control priority is determined by the amount of effect, but since the predetermined constants αj and βj are used in Eqs. (5) and (6), the above cooperative control is performed in response to the system state that changes from moment to moment. [0019] (c) Third problem: Control coordination between "LRT, reactive power supply device" and "generator" is not possible. For LRT control, a method of deciding whether to raise / lower the tap is often taken from the primary side voltage (V1) and the secondary side voltage (V2) of the transformer equipped with the LRT. In addition, since a static power supply device is often installed on the tertiary side of the transformer, the deviation ΔV1 (=) from the control target voltages V1ref and V2ref is used for LRT control in order to coordinate with the static power supply device. The operating region is defined on the plane represented by V1-V1ref) and ΔV2 (= V2-V2ref) (the deviation ΔQ of the transformer secondary side static power flow may be used instead of ΔV2). The operating region is generally set to LRT control when the signs of ΔV1 and ΔV2 are opposite, and to control the static power supply device when the signs are the same. Further, a control dead zone is usually provided on the plane centering on the origin for the purpose of preventing control hunting and preventing excessive frequency control. In the above method, control coordination between the LRT and the static power supply device is realized, but since only the voltage across the transformer is used to determine the control amount, coordination over the entire power system, especially coordination with generator control, is not possible. .. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a coordinated control method in voltage static power control having a generator, a static power supply device, and an LRT that does not cause the above-mentioned imbalance of control amount distribution. It is said. As a solution, "The cooperative control method in the voltage reactive power control according to [Claim 1] of the present invention is the reactive power of the monitored bus voltage and the monitored transmission line in the voltage reactive power control of the power system. A means for calculating an index showing the control effect of the generator and the reactive power supply device on the tidal current, and a generator for introducing a constraint condition for system operation in the control weight coefficient of each control device showing the control priority. It was composed of a means for calculating the control weight coefficient according to the state of the power system, and a means for calculating the reactive power control amount of the generator and the reactive power supply device using the index showing the adjustment effect and the control weight coefficient. [0022] The cooperative control method in the voltage reactive power control according to [claim 2] of the present invention is a generator and invalid with respect to the monitored bus voltage and the disabled power flow of the monitored transmission line in the voltage reactive power control of the power system. A means for calculating an index showing the control effect of the power supply device, and a control weight coefficient of the reactive power supply device in order to introduce a constraint condition for system operation in the control weight coefficient of each control device indicating the control priority. It was composed of a means for calculating according to the state of the power system and a means for calculating the amount of reactive power control of the generator and the reactive power supply device using the index showing the adjustment effect and the control weight coefficient. The coordinated control method in the voltage reactive power control according to [claim 3] of the present invention is the generator, the reactive power supply device, and the reactive power supply device for the monitored bus voltage and the reactive power flow of the monitored transmission line in the voltage reactive power control of the power system. A means for calculating an index showing the control effect of the tap switching device under load of a transformer, and a reactive power supply device for introducing a constraint condition for system operation in the control weight coefficient of each control device indicating the control priority. Invalidation of the reactive power supply device using a means for calculating the control weight coefficient of the transformer load tap switching device (hereinafter abbreviated as LRT) according to the state of the power system, and the index and control weight coefficient representing the adjustment effect. It was composed of a means for calculating the power control amount and the tap operation amount of the LRT. " Here, in the coordinated control method in the voltage static power control according to the above [claim 3], "By shifting ΔV0, the control of the LRT and the static VAR power supply device takes into account the control coordination of the generator control and the static VAR power supply device. It can be controlled. " As a result, "equalization of the reactive power output distribution between the generators, control of the reactive power supply device that maintains the control margin of the generator between the generator and the reactive power supply device, LRT and the reactive power supply device that do not conflict with the control" It is effective in realizing the control of the above, that is, the coordinated control between the control devices. "

However, according to Patent Document 2, if the partial line currents increase due to active market transactions or the output ratio of existing power sources such as thermal power generators decreases due to the expansion of the introduction of renewable energy, the system will supply reactive power. Since the shortage occurs unevenly and the fluctuation cycle of demand and voltage also changes, the effect of the cooperative control method may be reduced.

In Patent Document 3, "In the voltage reactive power monitoring and control device according to the invention of claim 8, in addition to the action of the invention of any one of claims 1 to 7, the control amount continuation determination means is the same. When it is determined whether or not the duration of the control amount in the same direction for the voltage-reactive power adjusting device has continued for a predetermined time, and the control amount calculation means determines that the control amount continuation determination means has continued for a predetermined time or longer. The control amount for the voltage-reactive power adjustment device is output as a command to the voltage-reactive power adjustment device. It can be suppressed. "

However, according to Patent Document 3, if the partial line currents increase due to active market transactions or the output ratio of existing power sources such as thermal power generators decreases due to the expansion of the introduction of renewable energy, the system will supply reactive power. Since there is a possibility that the shortage may occur unevenly, it is difficult to distribute the reactive power to the reactive power supply device and the generator and the reactive power supply device only by considering the influence of the disturbance change, and the power system There is a risk that the balance between the voltage and the reactive power cannot be maintained, the supply reliability may deteriorate, and the economic efficiency may not be improved.

Further, in Patent Document 3, "In FIG. 15, the multi-frequency control suppression order designating means 25 determines the control frequency suppression order of the voltage reactive power adjusting device for the calculation by the LP method optimum calculation means 24 with multi-frequency control suppression. For example, in the sixth embodiment, control of the generator, then control of adding a transformer LRT with a tap at load, and then control of adding a phase adjusting device (power condenser, shunt reactor). This order is fixedly selected by the multi-frequency control suppression order designating means 25. [089] FIG. 16 shows the LP method optimal calculation means 24 with multi-frequency control suppression according to the seventh embodiment. First, the order designation data from the frequent control suppression order designation means 25 is taken in (S60), and the combination allocation designation in the phase adjusting device, the LRT, and the generator is determined and distributed. Designation is performed (S61). That is, conditions are set according to each allocation designation according to the allocation designation in step S61 (S62 to S68). Set the conditions for the control target (S62), and if the distribution is specified only for the phase adjustment device (power capacitor, shunt reactor), the condition for the phase adjustment device (power capacitor, shunt reactor) as the control target. Make settings (S63), and if the allocation of only the transformer LRT with tap on load is specified, set the conditions for the transformer LRT with tap on load as the control target (S64), and allocate the generator and phase adjustment equipment. If specified, set the conditions for controlling the generator and phase adjustment device (S65), and if the distribution of the generator and the transformer with a tap under load is specified, the generator and the transformer with a tap under load are specified. Set the conditions for the LRT as the control target (S66), and when the distribution of the phase adjustment device and the transformer LRT with the load tap is specified, set the conditions for the phase adjustment and the transformer LRT with the tap at the load as the control target. (S67), and in the case of specifying the allocation of all the voltage-reactive power adjustment devices, the conditions are set for all the voltage-reactive power adjustment devices to be controlled (S68). "

However, according to Patent Document 3, the order designation data and how the allocation designation is specifically set are not described, and the frequent control suppression order designation means is not clear, so that the reactive power is not clear. The distribution of reactive power to the supply device and the generator and the reactive power supply device is unclear, and there is a risk that the balance between the voltage of the power system and the static power cannot be maintained, the supply reliability may deteriorate, and the economy. There is a risk that the sex cannot be improved.

Therefore, in the present invention, even if the output of renewable energy fluctuates with the passage of time due to the weather, or the power supply configuration, number, reactive power supply device configuration, or system configuration is changed, the power system It is an object of the present invention to provide a power system voltage static power monitoring control device and a method capable of maintaining the balance between the voltage and the static power of the above and improving the economic efficiency.

In order to solve the above problems, for example, the configuration described in the claims is adopted.

The present invention includes a plurality of means for solving the above problems, and to give an example thereof, "It is applied to a power system including a control target device in which the reactive power can be adjusted, and the voltage is invalid to monitor and control the voltage reactive power. It is a power monitoring and control device, and for the predicted value of the data obtained from the power system, the variable component calculation unit that calculates the variable component and the reactive power required to suppress the variable component are required as the required reactive power amount. An electric energy calculation unit, an invalid power allocation target selection unit that selects an invalid power allocation target from a plurality of controlled devices, and an output allocation calculation unit that outputs and calculates the required reactive power amount for the selected controlled device. , A voltage-reactive power monitoring and control device including an output command unit that calculates a control command value for each controlled device from the output distribution calculation result determined for the selected controlled device. " ..

Further, the present invention is "a voltage ineffective power monitoring and control device applied to a power system including a controlled device capable of adjusting the ineffective power, which monitors and controls the voltage ineffective power, and is a voltage ineffective power monitoring and control device, in which measurement data of the power system and power system Using the data of the grid equipment, the state estimation calculation unit that calculates the system state at the time of power system measurement and obtains the state estimation calculation result, the data of the state estimation calculation result, and the prediction data of the power generation and load of the power system. A predictive value calculation unit that predicts and calculates the future system state from the time of power system measurement and obtains the predicted value, and a variable component calculation unit that calculates the variable component of the predicted value of the data obtained from the power system. , The required invalid electric energy calculation unit that obtains the invalid power required to suppress variable components as the required invalid energy amount, and the invalid power allocation target selection unit that selects the invalid power allocation target from a plurality of controlled devices. The control command value for each control target device is calculated from the output distribution calculation unit that calculates the output allocation of the required invalid electric energy for the control target device and the output distribution calculation result determined for the selected control target device. It is a voltage ineffective power monitoring and control device characterized by having an output command unit.

Further, the present invention is "a voltage reactive power monitoring and control method applied to a power system including a controlled device capable of adjusting the reactive power, which monitors and controls the voltage reactive power, and is a measurement data of the power system and a power system. The system state at the time of power system measurement is calculated using the system equipment data, and the data of the state estimation calculation result and the power system power generation and load prediction data are used to calculate the system from the time of power system measurement to the future system. The state is predicted and calculated, the variable component of the predicted value of the data obtained from the power system is calculated, the reactive power required to suppress the variable component is calculated as the required reactive power amount, and the value is invalid from among a plurality of controlled devices. Select the power allocation target, calculate the required reactive power amount for the selected control target device, and calculate the control command value for each control target device from the output distribution calculation result determined for the selected control target device. A voltage-reactive power monitoring and control method characterized by calculation. "

According to the present invention, even if the output of renewable energy fluctuates due to the weather or changes in the power supply configuration or system configuration occur over time, the balance between the voltage of the power system and the reactive power can be maintained, and further. Can improve economic efficiency.

Further, according to the embodiment of the present invention, when a plurality of objective functions are used in the calculation of the target value and the control amount of the power system voltage reactive power monitoring and control device, the labor for weighting can be reduced.

The figure which described the voltage reactive power monitoring control apparatus 10 which concerns on Example 1 by the processing function in the inside. The figure which showed the whole configuration example of the electric power system, and the hardware configuration of the voltage reactive power monitoring control apparatus which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. The figure which illustrated various programs stored in the program database DB15. The figure which showed an example of the predicted value data D1 stored in the predicted value database DB1. The figure which showed an example of the allocation necessity judgment criterion data D2 stored in the allocation necessity judgment criterion database DB2. The figure which showed an example of the control target current output value data D3 stored in the control target current output value database DB3. The figure which showed an example of the control target output upper / lower limit value / step value data D4 stored in the control target output upper / lower limit value / step value database DB4. The figure which showed the example of the flowchart which shows the whole processing of the voltage reactive power monitoring control apparatus 10 which concerns on Example 1. FIG. The figure which shows an example of the process of calculating the required reactive power. The figure which shows an example of the process of calculating the output distribution. The figure which shows an example of the screen which displays the operation frequency and the number of times of use for confirming a voltage state and an output distribution effect. The figure which described the voltage reactive power monitoring control apparatus 10 which concerns on Example 2 by the processing function in the inside. The figure which showed the whole configuration example of the electric power system, and the hardware configuration of the voltage reactive power monitoring control apparatus which concerns on Example 2 of this invention. The figure which illustrated various programs stored in the program database DB15. The figure which showed the example of the flowchart which shows the whole processing of the voltage reactive power monitoring control apparatus 10 which concerns on Example 2. FIG. The figure which shows an example of the screen which displays the trend display and future forecast of the required reactive power, and the current / past reactive power equipment capacity and the equipment capacity required in the future.

Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Since the examples of the present invention include various forms, the outline of each embodiment will be described before going into the detailed description.

Each embodiment of the present invention includes a central device that monitors and controls the power system, and an individual control device that is installed at individual locations in the power system and operates based on data transmitted from the central device.

The central device in the first embodiment, which will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 11, is installed at, for example, a local power supply command center for monitoring and control in a region in which a plurality of power systems are divided, and performs intra-regional control. I have it in mind.

The central device in the second embodiment, which will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 to 15, cooperates with the central power supply command center that monitors and controls the entire power system, or is installed at the central power supply command center to perform intra-regional control. I have in mind what to do.

In the third embodiment, an alternative modification of the control evaluation unit in the first or second embodiment is shown.

In the first embodiment, for example, a central device installed at a local power supply command center for monitoring and control in a region in which a plurality of power systems are divided to perform monitoring and control of the power system, and further installed at individual locations of the power system and centrally A system configuration composed of individual control devices operated by data transmitted from the devices will be described.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the overall configuration of the power system and the hardware configuration of the voltage reactive power monitoring and control device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In this figure, a configuration example of the power system 100 and a hardware configuration example of the voltage ineffective power monitoring control device 10 are described. First, a configuration example of the power system 100 will be described, and then the voltage ineffective power monitoring and control device will be described. A hardware configuration example will be described.

The power system 100, which is classified as 100 in FIG. 2 and illustrated, mainly displays the power transmission system portion, but in the first embodiment of the present invention, this range corresponds to a region in which a plurality of power systems are divided. Further, the voltage-reactive power monitoring and control device 10 corresponds to a central device that is installed at a local power supply command center for monitoring and control in a region in which a plurality of power systems are divided and performs monitoring and control of the power system. In a broad sense, the power system is a concept that includes a power generation system and a load system in addition to the range shown as 100. In the following explanation, it is used in a broad sense unless otherwise required.

The power system includes a power supply 110 (110a, 110b), a node (bus) 120 (120a, 120b, 120c, 120d, 120e, 120f, 120h, 120i, 120j), and a transformer 130 (130a, 130b, 130c, 130d, 130e). ), Branch (line) 140 (140b, 140e, 140f, 140g, 140h), load 150 (150a150b, 150c), etc. are configured as the main main circuit components, and as devices for power adjustment at appropriate locations. A power capacitor (SC: Static Controller) 160 (160a, 160b, 160c, 160d) and a shunt reactor (ShR: Shunt Reactor) 170 (170a, 170b) are arranged.

The transformers 130c and 130e are transformers with taps 131, and power capacitors 160b and shunt reactors 170a and 170b are connected to the tertiary winding, respectively. Although not shown in FIG. 2, other controllable devices (battery, rechargeable secondary battery, EV storage battery, flywheel, and other phase adjustment equipment (static varsator SVC (Static Var)) Compensator), static varsator SVG (Static C Var Generator), transformer with phase adjuster LPC (Loop Power Controller, etc.)), or a plurality thereof are included.

In order to control the power system composed of the plurality of various devices, various measuring devices 44 are arranged at appropriate places in each part of the power system according to their respective purposes. Further, with respect to the controllable devices among the plurality of various devices, individual control devices 45 (45a, 45b) for controlling the devices are arranged at appropriate positions according to their respective purposes.

Among the various devices described above, the contents, configurations, features, etc. of the devices closely related to the present invention are described below.

First, the power supply 110 is a rotary power source such as a thermal power generator, a hydroelectric generator, or a nuclear power generator, a distributed power source such as solar power generation or wind power generation, and an inverter interconnection power source connected to the power system via an inverter. And so on.

The measuring device 44 includes a node voltage V, a branch current I, an active power P, an reactive power Q, a power factor Φ, a tap value, and a switch such as a node, a branch, a transformer, a power capacitor, and a shunt reactor in the power system. It is a device that measures one or more of the on / off information. These are, for example, an instrument transformer VT (Voltage Transformer), an instrument transformer PT (Pontential Transformer), and an instrument current transformer CT (Current Transformer). These include a telemeter TM (Telemeter) and a Super Vision SV (Super Vision) having a function of transmitting data including the data. In addition, a device for measuring power information (voltage phasor information) with an absolute time using GPS, a phase measuring device (PMU: Phaser Measurement Units), or another measuring device may be used. Although the measuring device 44 is described as being in the power system 100, the power supply 110, the transformer 130, the tapped transformer 131, the load 150, the power capacitor 160, the shunt reactor 170, and the measuring device 44 It may be installed on a bus or a line connected to the individual control device 45.

The power system of FIG. 2 is generally as described above. On the other hand, the voltage reactive power monitoring control device 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention inputs the received data 71 from the measuring device 44 of the power system 100 via the communication network 300, and transmits the transmission data 72 to the individual control device 45. give. In this case, the data content of the received data 71 may include other data, but is basically the reference bus measurement value data D5. It is intended to achieve the function of the voltage reactive power monitoring and control device 10 installed at the local power supply command center, for example, based on the data measured on the bus bar defined as the reference bus bar among the bus bars in the power system 100.

Here, the reference bus measurement value data D5, which is the data content of the received data 71, specifically includes the node voltage V, the branch current I, the power factor Φ, the active power P, and the reactive power Q measured by the measuring device 44. Any one or more of the data is received by the voltage reactive power monitoring and control device 10 via the communication network 300, and is stored in the internal reference bus measurement value database DB5. However, instead of receiving the reference bus measurement value data D5 directly from the measurement device 44, it may be once aggregated in another monitoring device and then stored in the reference bus measurement value database DB 5 via the communication network 300. It may be stored in the reference bus measurement value database DB 5 from the measuring device 44 or other monitoring device via the communication network 300. The reference bus measurement value data D5 may include a unique number for identifying the data and a time stamp. The other monitoring devices include, for example, a central power supply command center and a system stability monitoring server.

The hardware configuration of the voltage reactive power monitoring and control device 10 of FIG. 2 is as follows. Since the voltage ineffective power monitoring and control device 10 is generally composed of a computer device, a display unit 11, an input unit 12 such as a keyboard and a mouse, a communication unit 13, a computer and a computer server (CPU: Central Processing) It is composed of a unit) 14, a memory 15, and various database DBs. These are connected to each other by a bus line 43.

Of these, the display unit 11 is configured as, for example, a display device, but may be configured to use a printer device, an audio output device, or the like in place of the display device or in combination with the display device.

The input unit 12 can be configured to include at least one of a keyboard switch, a pointing device such as a mouse, a touch panel, a voice instruction device, and the like.

The communication unit 13 includes a circuit and a communication protocol for connecting to the communication network 300.

The CPU 14 reads a predetermined computer program from the program database DB 15 and executes it. The CPU 14 may be configured as one or more semiconductor chips, or may be configured as a computer device such as a calculation server.

The memory 15 is configured as, for example, a RAM (Random Access Memory), stores a computer program read from the program database DB 15, and stores calculation result data, image data, and the like required for each process. The screen data stored in the memory 14 is sent to the display unit 11 and displayed. An example of the displayed screen will be described later.

Specifically, various database DBs are as follows. The database DB is a control that stores the predicted value database DB1 that stores the predicted value data D1, the allocation necessity judgment standard database DB2 that stores the allocation necessity judgment standard data D2, and the control target current output value D3. Target current output value database DB3, control target output upper / lower limit value / step value D4 are stored Control target output upper / lower limit value / step value database DB4, reference bus measurement value data D5 is stored as reference bus measurement value database DB5, reference bus target value database DB6 storing reference bus target value data D6, control target sensitivity database DB7 storing control target sensitivity data D7, conversion coefficient database DB8 storing conversion coefficient D8, control The control target changeable cycle database DB9 that stores the target changeable cycle data D9, the required invalid power calculation result database DB10 that stores the required invalid power calculation result data D10, and the invalid power allocation target selection result data D11 are stored. Invalid power allocation target selection result database DB11, output allocation calculation result database DB12 storing output allocation calculation result data D12, control command value calculation result database DB13 storing control command value calculation result data D13, control It is composed of a control evaluation result database DB14 that stores the evaluation result data D14, a program database DB15 that stores the program D15, and a variable component calculation result database DB16 that stores the variable component calculation result data D16.

Of the data stored in these databases, the system measurement data may be collected through other monitoring and control devices, or may be input from various measurement devices. In addition, data on system equipment can be manually input or obtained from the central power supply command center. Further, each data may be data that has been set in advance and stored in a database. Further, the data exchange via the bus line 43 includes the command value, time, and ID data.

FIG. 2 shows the hardware configuration of the voltage ineffective power monitoring and control device 10, but FIG. 1 describes the voltage ineffective power monitoring and control device 10 by the processing function inside the device.

The processing function of FIG. 1 is composed of a series of processing units in the calculation unit 41, and a processing process in which data from the input database DBI forms data in the result database DBO by a series of processing in the calculation unit 41. It is shown as. Here, the databases DB1 to DB14 and DB16 shown in FIG. 2 are positioned as either the input database DBI or the result database DBO.

The input system database DBI includes a predicted value database DB1, an allocation necessity judgment standard database DB2, a controlled target current output value database DB3, a controlled target output upper / lower limit value / stepped value database DB4, a reference bus measurement value database DB5, and a reference bus target. The value database DB6, the control target sensitivity database DB7, the conversion coefficient database DB8, and the control target changeable cycle database DB9 are positioned.

The result database DBO includes the required invalid power calculation result database DB10, the invalid power allocation target selection result database DB11, the output allocation calculation result database DB12, the control command value calculation result database DB13, the control evaluation result database DB14, and the variable component calculation result database. DB16 is positioned.

The calculation unit 41 is composed of a variable component calculation unit 31, a required reactive power calculation unit 32, an invalid power allocation target selection unit 33, an output distribution calculation unit 34, a control command value calculation unit 35, an output command unit 36, and a control evaluation unit 37. Has been done.

According to a series of processes of the calculation unit 41, the variable component calculation unit 31 calculates the variable component using the predicted value data D1 which is the predicted value of the power system information, and uses the calculated variable component calculation result data D16 as the variable component. It is stored in the calculation result database DB16.

The required reactive power calculation unit 32 calculates the required reactive power using the conversion coefficient data D8 of the conversion coefficient database DB8 and the variable component calculation result data D16 calculated by the variable component calculation unit 31, and the required negative power calculation result data D10. It is stored in the required invalid power calculation result database DB10.

In the invalid power allocation target selection unit 33, the control target changeable cycle data D9 of the control target changeable cycle database DB9, the variable component calculation result data D16 calculated by the required invalid power calculation unit 32, and the allocation necessity determination standard database DB2 Allocation necessity judgment standard data D2 stored in, control target current output value data D3 stored in control target current output value database DB3, control target output upper / lower limit value / step value database DB4 stored in Target output Upper / lower limit value / step value data D4 is used to select an invalid power allocation target. The selected invalid power allocation target selection result is stored in the invalid power allocation target selection result database DB 11 as the invalid power allocation target selection result data D11.

In the output distribution calculation unit 34, the control target current output value data D3 stored in the control target current output value database DB3 and the control target output upper / lower limit value / step value database DB4 stored in the control target output upper / lower limit value / step value database DB4 -Incremented value data D4, reference bus measurement value data D5 stored in the reference bus measurement value database DB5, reference bus target value data D6 stored in the reference bus target value database DB6, and control target sensitivity database DB7. The output allocation is calculated using the control target sensitivity data D7 stored in the control target sensitivity data D7, the calculated required invalid power calculation result data D10, and the invalid power allocation target selection result data D11, and the output allocation calculation is performed as the output allocation calculation result data D12. The result is accumulated in the database DB12.

In the control command value calculation unit 35, the reference bus measurement value data D5 stored in the reference bus measurement value database DB5, the reference bus target value data D6 stored in the reference bus target value database DB6, and the control target sensitivity database The control command value is calculated using the control target sensitivity data D7 stored in the DB 7 and the calculated output distribution calculation result data D12, and is stored in the control command value calculation result database DB 13 as the control command value calculation result data D13.

The output command unit 36 gives an output command to the calculated control command value calculation result data D13.

In the control evaluation unit 37, the calculated variable component calculation result data D16, the calculated required invalid power calculation result data D10, the invalid power allocation target selection result data D11, the output distribution calculation result data D12, and the control command value calculation result Control is evaluated using data D13. The evaluation results are stored in the control evaluation result database DB 14 as control evaluation result data D14.

It should be noted that various data accumulated in the database DB are displayed on the display unit in an appropriate format individually or while showing correlation. For example, the predicted value data D1, the allocation necessity judgment standard data D2, the controlled target current output value data D3, the controlled target output upper / lower limit value / step value data D4, the reference bus measurement value data D5, and the reference bus target. The value data D6, the control target sensitivity data D7, the calculated required invalid power calculation result data D10, the invalid power allocation target selection result data D11, the output distribution calculation result data D12, and the control command value calculation result data D13. Display one or more of the control evaluation result data D14.

To describe the series of processes of the calculation unit 41 described above in a very simple manner, the variable component is obtained from the predicted state of the power system, the required reactive power required to suppress this variable component is determined, and the required reactive power is determined. It can be said that the control target equipment that can be supplied and the control amount thereof are defined. In this process, the predicted state of the power system is obtained from the power generation plan and load demand of the power system, but the power generation plan and load demand are disturbing factors (renewal) for which countermeasures are required for the purpose of the present invention. The output of possible energy fluctuates with the passage of time due to the weather, and the power source configuration, number, and ineffective power supply device configuration and system configuration may change). Renewable energy is reflected on the load demand side, and changes in equipment configuration are included in the power generation plan. Further, in the following processing, the fluctuation components of a plurality of cycles are extracted and dealt with in relation to the difference in the fluctuation cycle and the occurrence time for each disturbance factor. In the following description, the method for realizing these series of procedures will be specifically described.

FIG. 3 illustrates various programs stored in the program database DB15. In the program database DB 15, for example, the variable component calculation program P31 for realizing the function of the variable component calculation unit 31, the necessary invalid power calculation program P32 for realizing the function of the required invalid power calculation unit 32, and the invalid power allocation target Invalid power allocation target selection program P33 to realize the function of the selection unit 33, output distribution calculation program P34 to realize the function of the output distribution calculation unit 34, control to realize the function of the control command value calculation unit 35. Command value calculation program P35, output command program P36 to realize the function of output command unit 36, control evaluation program P37 to realize the function of control evaluation unit 37, screen display to realize the function of display unit 11. The program P11 is stored.

Returning to FIG. 2, the CPU 14 reads the calculation program (variable component calculation program P31, required invalid power calculation program P32, invalid power allocation target selection program P33, output allocation calculation program P34, control) read from the program database DB 15 into the memory 14. The command value calculation program P35, the output command program P36, the control evaluation program P37, and the screen display program P11) are executed to calculate the variable component, the required invalid power calculation, the invalid power allocation target selection, the output distribution calculation, and the control. It performs command value calculation, output command, control evaluation, various screen displays, instruction of image data to be displayed, search of data in various databases, and the like.

The memory 14 is a memory for temporarily storing image data for display, reference bus measurement value data D5, temporary calculation data, and calculation result data, and the CPU 14 generates necessary image data and displays the display unit 11 (for example, display). Display on the display screen). The display unit 11 of the voltage-reactive power monitoring and control device 10 may have only a simple screen for rewriting each control program or database.

A plurality of database DBs are stored in the voltage-reactive power monitoring and control device 10 of the power system. Regarding other database DBs (DB1 to DB14, DB16) excluding the program database DB, the data contents handled here will be described in more detail.

FIG. 4 shows an example of the predicted value data D1 stored in the predicted value database DB1. In the predicted value database DB1 of FIG. 4, as predicted value data D1, data such as voltage V, active power P, and invalid power Q of each node obtained by power flow calculation using a power generation plan and a load demand predicted value are stored. It is stored as time series data. The predicted value data D1 may be obtained by being calculated or stored in another system such as a monitoring control device, a central power supply command center, or an EMS, may be manually input, or may be an embodiment described later. It may be calculated by taking the configuration as shown in 2. When inputting manually, the input unit 12 manually inputs and stores the input. At the time of input, it is preferable that the CPU 14 generates necessary image data and displays it on the display unit 11. At the time of input, the completion function may be used to semi-manually set a large amount of data.

FIG. 5 shows an example of the allocation necessity determination standard data D2 stored in the allocation necessity determination standard database DB2. In the allocation necessity determination standard database DB2, as the allocation necessity determination standard data D2, the criteria for determining the allocation necessity for each variation (variation 1, variation 2, variation 3) as shown in FIG. 5 is stored. ing. The allocation necessity determination standard data D2 may be set remotely from the monitoring control device, the central power supply command center, or the EMS, or may be manually input. When inputting manually, the input unit 12 manually inputs and stores the input. At the time of input, the CPU 14 generates necessary image data and displays it on the display unit 11. At the time of input, the completion function may be used to semi-manually set a large amount of data.

Explaining the allocation necessity determination standard database DB2 in more detail, the allocation necessity determination standard data D2 describes, for example, the determination criteria for the allocation necessity for short-period fluctuations, medium-cycle fluctuations, and long-period fluctuations. .. Here, for example, the reference value of the allocation necessity determination reference data D2 is set for the reactive powers ΔQ1, ΔQ2, and ΔQ3 required to suppress these fluctuations. The reference value is set in advance, but for example, for reactive power that can change to positive or negative due to constant load fluctuations, if control is performed in response to this, useless control will be performed. Therefore, a reference value that can be determined to exceed such fluctuations is set. The reference value of such fluctuation data may be corrected by the operator by accumulating system data, or may be automatically corrected.

FIG. 6 shows an example of the control target current output value data D3 stored in the control target current output value database DB3. In the control target current output value database DB3, the active power P and the reactive power Q of the controlled target generator and the reactive power sharing device as shown in FIG. 6 are stored as the controlled target current output value data D3 for each time. There is.

FIG. 7 shows an example of the control target output upper / lower limit value / step value data D4 stored in the control target output upper / lower limit value / step value database DB4. In the control target output upper / lower limit value / step value database DB4, as the control target output upper / lower limit value / step value data D4, as shown in FIG. It is composed of one or more of values and is stored. These data may be stored using the input unit 12 of the voltage reactive power monitoring and control device 10, or may be stored from other monitoring devices.

The reference bus measurement value database DB5 includes the measured time and the measured value, for example, voltage V, as the reference bus measurement value data D5. For example, the voltage at the node 120 connected to the power system 100, the voltage V at the node 120 connected to the transformer 130, the voltage V at the power supply 110 connected to the node 120, the voltage V at the load 150, the measuring device 44, and the like. Any one or more of other nodes and branches connected to the power system 100 measured via the communication network from the monitoring device of the above, the power supply, the load, the voltage V of the control device, and the like are stored. The measuring device is a VT or the like. The reference bus measurement value data D5 may be obtained from the monitoring control device, the central power supply command center, or the EMS, or may be obtained directly from the measurement device of the entire system.

In the reference bus target value database DB6, the target value at each time is stored as the reference bus target value data D6. If the target value is set in the schedule, it is stored for the period in which the schedule is set. Further, it may be set and stored remotely from the monitoring control device, the central power supply command center, or the EMS, or it may be set manually. Here, the reference bus target value is set in advance according to the method described in "Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan, Measures for Maintaining Voltage Stability of Electric Power System, Technical Report II-73 of the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan, pp. 10-14 (1979)". It shall be calculated and stored.

In the control target sensitivity database DB7, as the control target sensitivity data D7, a numerical value of how much the output change of a certain control target affects those bus lines is stored, and the voltage V and the reactive power Q are stored. Sensitivity is remembered. It may be set and stored remotely from the monitoring control device, central power supply command center, or EMS, or it may be set manually, and in consideration of the fact that the sensitivity changes from moment to moment, it is calculated sequentially by the following method. May be saved.

The above-mentioned controlled object sensitivity is a sensitivity matrix, and Yokoyama: "Unified Sensitivity Coefficient Determination Method for Power System Analysis and Control", IEEJ Transactions B, Vol. 94, No. 1, pp. 17-24 (1974) and CONEJO, A.M. , GOMEZ, T.I. , And DE LA FUENTE, J. et al. I. :'Pilot-Bus Selection for Secondary Voltage Control', Euro. Trans. Elector. Power Eng. , 1993, 3, (5), pp. It is calculated and stored in advance or sequentially according to the method described in 359-366. By using the above method, there is an advantage that the sensitivity matrix can be obtained by partially modifying the Newton-Raphson method current flow calculation which is often used in the past.

The conversion coefficient database DB 8 stores the conversion coefficient for determining the reactive power required to suppress the fluctuation of the power system. For example, when the fluctuation is a fluctuation in the voltage of the power system, a coefficient for converting to the reactive power required to suppress this voltage fluctuation is stored as a conversion coefficient. It is desirable that the conversion factors be prepared for various types of fluctuations, or even if the fluctuations are of the same type, prepared for each fluctuation period.

The control target changeable cycle database DB 9 stores response characteristics, adjustment power, and the like for each controllable device arranged in the power system. For example, because it has a mechanical structure, it is not suitable for responding to fluctuations in a short period, but it is suitable for suppressing fluctuations in a long period, or because it is composed of power elements, it is suitable for suppressing fluctuations in a short period of time. It is suitable, but holds information such as the adjustment power is limited because it includes a capacitor.

The required reactive power calculation result database DB 10 stores the required reactive power for each fluctuation obtained from the predicted time-series average voltage fluctuation as shown in FIG. 9 as the required reactive power calculation result data D10. Details of FIG. 9 will be described later.

In the invalid power allocation target selection result database DB11, the selection result of the invalid power allocation target determined by using the required invalid power calculation result data D10 and the allocation necessity judgment criterion data D2 as the invalid power allocation target selection result data D11. Is remembered. By having the negative power allocation target selection result data D11, there is an effect that unnecessary allocation can be avoided for the system state that changes from moment to moment.

The output distribution calculation result database DB 12 stores the calculation result of the output distribution as the output distribution calculation result data D12 as shown in FIG. Details of FIG. 10 will be described later.

The control command value calculation base DB 13 stores the calculation result of the control command value obtained from the output distribution calculation result data D12 as the control command value calculation result data D13.

In the control evaluation result database DB 14, as the control evaluation result data D14, as shown in FIG. 11, a probability distribution indicating how much the voltage state and the distribution effect do not deviate, the frequency and number of times each control device is used, and the like are stored. It will be remembered. As a result, on the screen as shown in FIG. 11, the operator can easily grasp whether the command value or the target value is followed, whether the balance between the voltage and the reactive power can be maintained, and whether the number of operations can be reduced. Has the effect of becoming. Details of FIG. 11 will be described later.

Next, the calculation processing contents of the voltage reactive power monitoring and control device 10 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 is an example of a flowchart showing the entire process of the voltage reactive power monitoring and control device 10. The flow will be briefly explained, and then each part will be described in detail.

First, in the variable component calculation processing step S31, the variable component calculation is performed using the predicted value data D1 which is the predicted value of the power system information. The result of the variable component calculation is stored in the variable component calculation result database DB 16 as the variable component calculation result data D16.

Next, in the required reactive power calculation processing step S32, the required reactive power is calculated using the variable component calculation result data D16 and the conversion coefficient data D8. The result of the required reactive power calculation is stored in the required reactive power calculation result database DB2 as the required reactive power calculation result data D10.

Next, in the reactive power allocation target selection processing step S33, the control target changeable cycle data D9, the allocation necessity determination reference data D2, the control target current output value data D3, and the control target output upper / lower limit value / step value data D4 And, using the calculated required reactive power calculation result data D10, the reactive power allocation target is selected. The result of the selection of the invalid power allocation target is stored in the invalid power allocation target selection result database DB 11 as the invalid power allocation target selection result data D11.

Next, in the output distribution calculation processing step S34, the control target current output value data D3, the control target output upper / lower limit value / step value data D4, the reference bus measurement value data D5, the reference bus target value data D6, and the control target The output allocation calculation is performed using the sensitivity data D7, the calculated required invalid power calculation result data D10, and the invalid power allocation target selection result data D11. The result of the output allocation calculation is stored in the output allocation calculation result database DB 12 as the output allocation calculation result data D12.

Next, in the control command value calculation processing step S35, the control command value is used by using the reference bus measurement value data D5, the reference bus target value data D6, the control target sensitivity data D7, and the calculated output distribution calculation result data D12. Make a calculation. The result of the control command value calculation is stored in the control command value calculation database DB 13 as the control command value calculation data D13.

Next, in the output command processing step S36, an output command is issued using the calculated control command value calculation result data D13.

Next, in the processing step S37, the calculated required invalid power calculation result data D10, the invalid power allocation target selection result data D11, the output distribution calculation result data D12, the control command value calculation result data D13, and the variable component calculation result data The control evaluation is calculated using D16. The result of the control evaluation is stored in the control evaluation result database DB 14 as the control evaluation result data D14.

Finally, in the screen display processing step S11, the predicted value data D1, the allocation necessity judgment standard data D2, the controlled target current output value data D3, the controlled target output upper / lower limit value / step value data D4, and the reference bus measurement value Data D5, reference bus target value data D6, control target sensitivity data D7, conversion coefficient D8, control target changeable cycle data D9, calculated required invalid power calculation result data D10, and invalid power allocation target selection result. One or more of the data D11, the output distribution calculation result data D12, the control command value calculation result data D13, the control evaluation result data D14, and the variable component calculation result data D16 are displayed on the screen. The various calculation results and the data stored in the memory during the calculation may be sequentially displayed on the screens of other monitoring devices. As a result, the operator can easily grasp the operating status of the voltage reactive power monitoring and control device 10. The above processing flow will be described step by step. If a situation occurs in which the calculation cannot be executed in a part of the processing step of FIG. 8, it is preferable to output a separate alert to encourage the operator to take action.

Hereinafter, the specific contents of each process will be described. First, in the variable component calculation processing step S31, the variable component calculation is performed using the predicted value data D1 which is the predicted value of the power system information, and the result is stored in the variable component calculation result database DB16.

Here, an example of the variable component calculation method will be described with reference to FIG. The upper part of FIG. 9 shows the waveform of the average voltage Vi as the predicted value data D1. The waveform of this average voltage Vi shows time-series data of the average value of the voltage of each node obtained by the tidal current calculation using the power generation plan and the load demand forecast value. The waveform of the average voltage Vi fluctuates and increases and decreases, and it can be considered that the waveform is formed including short-period fluctuations, medium-period fluctuations, and long-period fluctuations. By passing this time-series waveform through a preset filter for each fluctuation cycle of short cycle, medium cycle, and long cycle, the components can be separated into the time series waveform of each fluctuation cycle.

In the example of FIG. 9, fluctuation 1 is a fluctuation component obtained through a filter with a short-cycle fluctuation cycle, and the difference voltage ΔV1 is obtained as the difference between the maximum value ΔV1max and the minimum value ΔV1min in a predetermined time zone of the short-cycle filter output. Is. Similarly, the fluctuation 2 is a fluctuation component obtained through a filter having a short-cycle fluctuation cycle, and the difference voltage ΔV2 is obtained as the difference between the maximum value ΔV2max and the minimum value ΔV2min in a predetermined time zone of the short-cycle filter output. The fluctuation 3 is a fluctuation component obtained through a filter having a short-cycle fluctuation cycle, and the difference voltage ΔV3 is obtained as the difference between the maximum value ΔV3max and the minimum value ΔV3min in a predetermined time zone of the short-cycle filter output. These components are the variable component calculation result data D16.

This has the effect of making it possible to easily determine which fluctuation component has what voltage change width. Here, an example of the average voltage Vi is shown, but a time-series waveform of a representative voltage or time-series data of demand may be used as long as it can be converted into the required reactive power in the required reactive power calculation processing step S32. good. The filter for each fluctuation cycle may be a processing device such as a high-pass filter, a low-pass filter, or a band-pass filter that allows the set fluctuation cycle to pass through or removes other than the set fluctuation cycle. This has the effect of decomposing the magnitude of fluctuation in the desired fluctuation cycle. The set fluctuation period of the filter can be adjusted later. This has the effect of allowing the operator to extract the components of the desired fluctuation cycle corresponding to the equipment when the equipment is changed.

The required reactive power calculation processing step S32 performs the required reactive power calculation using the variable component calculation result data D16 stored in the variable component calculation processing step S31, and stores the result in the required reactive power calculation result database DB 10. Here, the preprocessing of the required reactive power calculation method will be described with reference to FIG. 9, similarly to the description in the variable component calculation processing step S31.

The time-series waveform of each fluctuation period is shown by fluctuation 1, fluctuation 2, and fluctuation 3 in FIG. 9, and the maximum value and the minimum value of each are calculated, and the difference is calculated to obtain the differences ΔV1, ΔV2, and ΔV3. It can be calculated that it has a fluctuation range. Further, the reactive powers ΔQ1, ΔQ2, and ΔQ3 required to suppress the voltage fluctuation of the differences ΔV1, ΔV2, and ΔV3 can be calculated by using the conversion coefficient data D8 stored in advance. Here, an example of the average voltage Vi is shown, but as long as it can be converted into the required reactive power, it may be a time-series waveform of the representative voltage, a time-series of demand, etc. And calculate the required reactive power. It is desirable that the conversion factor is prepared for various types of fluctuations, or even if the fluctuations are of the same type, prepared for each fluctuation period.

In the invalid power allocation target selection processing step S33, the control target changeable cycle data D9, the allocation necessity judgment reference data D2, the control target current output value D3, the control target output upper / lower limit value / step value D4, and necessary invalidity The required reactive power calculation result data D10 calculated in the power calculation process step S32 is used to select the reactive power allocation target, and the result is stored in the reactive power allocation target selection result database DB 11.

Specifically, first, when the reference value of the allocation necessity judgment standard data D2 is satisfied with respect to the reactive powers ΔQ1, ΔQ2, and ΔQ3 required to suppress the fluctuation, the calculation shifts to the calculation of selecting the reactive power allocation target. do. In the allocation necessity judgment criteria database DB2 shown in FIG. 5, the allocation necessity judgment criteria for the short-period fluctuation 1, the medium-cycle fluctuation 2, and the long-period fluctuation 3 are described as the allocation necessity judgment standard data D2. According to this, the short-period fluctuation 1 does not meet the judgment criteria and is therefore excluded from the target of reactive power allocation, and the medium-cycle fluctuation 2 and the long-period fluctuation 3 are excluded from the judgment criteria because they satisfy the judgment criteria. Make a selection such as.

This has the effect of eliminating the need for reactive power allocation for events such as voltage fluctuations that do not need to be dealt with. This reference value is set in advance, but for example, for reactive power that can change positively or negatively due to constant load fluctuations, if it is sequentially controlled, it will be uselessly controlled. Set a reference value that can be judged to exceed the fluctuation. The reference value of such fluctuation data may be corrected by the operator by accumulating system data, or may be automatically corrected.

Subsequently, in the reactive power allocation target selection processing step S33, it is determined whether or not the control target has the current adjusting power by using the control target current output value data D3 and the control target output upper / lower limit value / step value data D4. Specifically, if the current output of the controlled object is the upper limit value or a value close to it, it can be adjusted in the downward direction, but it cannot be adjusted in the upward direction, and the required reactive power is required in the vertical direction. If so, exclude it from the target. On the other hand, if it is necessary in the downward direction, it has adjustment power, so it is included in the target. The same applies to the upward direction. If the current output of the control target is not the upper limit value or a value close to it, it is included in the target as adjustable.

Finally, in the reactive power allocation target selection processing step S33, the control target changeable cycle data D9 previously stored in the control target changeable cycle database DB9 is used to change the corresponding variation from the changeable cycle of each control target. Select. The control target changeable cycle database DB9 stores the response characteristics (changeable cycle), adjustment power, etc. for each control target (controllable device) arranged in the power system. The target controllable device can be selected. In addition, the total adjustment power of the controllable device suitable for suppressing the fluctuation in the fluctuation cycle can be grasped, and if the corresponding control target is insufficient, it can be assisted by another control target having a similar fluctuation cycle. In addition, it is better to hold the auxiliary fluctuation cycle in advance. This has the effect of making it possible to select the target of reactive power allocation without omission. If that is not enough, an alarm is issued. This has the effect of notifying the operator of which period of fluctuation the reactive power allocation target is insufficient.

In the output allocation calculation processing step S34, the control target current output value data D3, the control target output upper / lower limit value / step value data D4, the reference bus measurement value data D5, the reference bus target value data D6, and the control target sensitivity data Output allocation calculation is performed using D7, the required invalid power calculation result data D10 stored in the variable component calculation processing step S31, and the invalid power allocation target selection result data D11 stored in the invalid power allocation target selection processing step S33. The result is stored in the output distribution calculation result database DB12.

Here, an example of the output distribution calculation method will be described with reference to FIG. In the upper part of FIG. 10, the distance d is shown on the horizontal axis and the reactive power Q is shown on the vertical axis, and the reactive power output characteristics G1 and G2 of the two generators are illustrated. As shown in the upper part of FIG. 10, when the controlled device is a generator, the step is small and it can be treated as a continuous value. The characteristics G1 and G2 can be expressed as straight lines having a certain inclination.

In the illustrated example, the upper limit of the reactive power output of the generator G1 at the distance d1 is Qg1max, the upper limit of the reactive power output of the generator G2 is Qg2max, the reactive power output of the generator G1 at the distance d0 (initial) is Qg01, and the generator. The upper limit of the reactive power output of G2 is Qg02. In this case, since the upper limits Qg1max and Qg2max of the reactive power outputs of the generators G1 and G2 and the initial values Qg01 and Qg02 are different, their respective inclinations are different. Therefore, when the upper limit Qg1max and Qg2max are set to be the same distance d and the upper part of FIG. can do. The calculation formula of the output distribution calculation method will be described later in the control command value calculation step S35. As a result, the reactive power can be evenly distributed according to the capacity, so that it is possible to prevent a phenomenon in which some generators reach the reactive power limit first and the voltage stability is extremely deteriorated. The sex can be improved.

At the bottom of FIG. 10, the distance e is shown on the horizontal axis and the reactive power Q is shown on the vertical axis, exemplifying the static power output characteristics C1 and C2 of the two static power supply devices. Although the lower part of FIG. 10 targets a discrete static VAR power supply device, the same effect as that of the upper part of FIG. 10 can be obtained. However, since the discrete static VAR power supply device is the control target, it has a stepped waveform, and the steps must be treated discretely rather than continuously.

In the calculation of the static power distribution by the static power supply device, the static power amount can be evenly distributed by moving the distance ek left and right for each step and calculating. In addition, since it is moved to the left and right in every step, the number of controls can be equally distributed, and there is an effect that the number of operations can be prevented from being biased to only one facility. This has the effect of preventing the maintenance and inspection of the equipment from being biased. Although the control of the static power supply device is discrete, it is also possible to approximate the discrete values and process them as a straight line.

Here, the upper part and the lower part of FIG. 10 are diagrams for calculating the output distribution regarding the generator and the reactive power supply device, which are based on the reactive power allocation target selected in the reactive power allocation target selection processing step S33. Therefore, it will be calculated for each of the above fluctuations. Since the value of static power differs between the generator and the static power supply device, it is basic not to solve the allocation calculation at the same time, but there are fluctuations that cannot be compensated unless both the generator and the static power supply device are used. In this case, the value considered by the operator can be obtained by correcting the inclination of the straight line in FIG. 10 or shifting the maximum value of the distance dk and the maximum value of the distance ek by using the weights set in advance. It has the effect of being able to calculate a suitable output distribution.

As the controlled target device capable of controlling the reactive power, a generator that can be treated as a continuous value and a discrete reactive power supply device are illustrated above, but other typical controlled devices are LRT and SC. , ShR. Since the LRT moves the tap and the SC and ShR move the on / off device (switch), they have to be discrete. In these controlled devices, the reason why they have to be discrete is that they operate mechanical mechanisms such as taps and switches.

In the control command value calculation processing step S35, the reference bus measurement value data D5, the reference bus target value data D6, the control target sensitivity data D7, and the output distribution calculation result data D12 stored in the output distribution calculation processing step S34 are used. , The control command value calculation is performed, and the result is stored in the control command value calculation base 55. Output distribution calculation processing The control command value can be calculated by solving the quadratic programming method using the output distribution calculated in step S34 and the control target sensitivity.

The control command value calculation is performed by, for example, A.I. Conejo, M. et al. J. Aguilar, Secondary voltage control: Nonlinear selection of pilot buses, design of an optimal control law, and simulation resc. -Gener. Transm. Distrib. , Vol. 145, No. 1. 1. (1998), pp. 77-81 and J.M. L. Sancha, J. et al. L. FernAndez, A. et al. Cortes, J. et al. T. Abarca, SECONDARY VOLTAGE CONTROLL: ANALYSIS, SOLUTIONS AND SIMULATION RESULTS FOR THE SPANISH TRANSMISSION SYSTEM, IEEE, 1995, etc.

Here, an example of a quadratic objective function and a linear constraint will be described using the following equation in the latter document as an example. Equation (1) is a quadratic objective function, and equations (2) to (5) show each upper and lower limit constraint as a linear constraint.

However, in these series of equations, ΔV _p is the voltage deviation of the reference bus, ΔV _g is the voltage correction value _{of the control target device bus, ΔQ g} is the invalid power deviation of the control target device bus, and V _ps is the non-control target device. voltage of the critical bus, C _v is the control sensitivity matrix relating the voltage value increment of the voltage value increment and the reference bus of the target device, C _vs voltage value increments unselected load bus as a voltage value increment and the reference bus of the control target device _{C q} is the sensitivity matrix related to the voltage value step of the controlled device and the injection reactive power step of the controlled device, α is the parameter that determines the closed loop time constant, and m is the relative importance of the two components of the objective function. Weight parameters that determine sex, V _g ^max , Q _g ^max, and V _ps ^max are upper bound constraints, V _g ^min , Q _g ^min, and V _ps ^min are lower bound constraints, and V _p , V _ps , V _g, and Q _g are these. It is a real-time measurement required to calculate the objective function.

Here, Eq. (1) consists of two elements, the first is the element that minimizes the deviation of the reference bus voltage, and the second is the element that minimizes the deviation of the reactive power between the controlled devices from the target value. be. Equations (2) to (5) are upper and lower limit constraints. Each sensitivity matrix corresponds to the control target sensitivity data, and is given in the control target sensitivity database DB7. As a result, the voltage deviation from the reference bus target value is minimized, and the deviation of the target reactive power determined by the reactive power output distribution is minimized for the generators belonging to each preset zone.

As described above in the output distribution calculation process step S34, by performing the output distribution calculation as shown in FIG. 10 for the generators belonging to the preset zones, the power generation belonging to each zone is performed. The machine is trying to reach the limit of reactive power output at the same time. As a result, the reactive power can be evenly distributed according to the capacity, so that it is possible to prevent a phenomenon in which some generators reach the reactive power limit first and the voltage stability is extremely deteriorated. The sex can be improved.

Here, the upper part of FIG. 10 is used to supplement the calculation of the reactive power allocation described above in the output allocation calculation processing step S34. As described above, in the upper part of FIG. 10, when the vertical axis is the reactive power target value Quref and the horizontal axis is the distance d, the reactive power output characteristic of the generator becomes a straight line with a certain slope. Here, Qg1max and Qg2max are the upper limit constraints of the reactive power of the generators G1 and G2, and Qg01 and Qg02 are the initial reference values of the reactive power of the generators G1 and G2. It is a value that is set in advance. Further, d is a free variable of the optimization problem. Since the upper limit constraint of the reactive power output of the generator and the initial operating point are different, the slopes of each are different. Therefore, when Qg1max and Qg2max are set to have the same distance d and the upper part of FIG. 10 is created, the reactive power distribution value, that is, the reactive power command value Qref can be calculated by moving the dk left and right. .. At this time, the variable d is left free to minimize the deviation of the reactive power shown by the following equation (6).

In (6), Delta] Q _gi is an reactive power deviation of the control target device _i, ΔQ g0i the initial reference value of the reactive power of the control target device i, k _i is set inclination of the control target device i (slope) The adjustment of the reactive power depends on the standard, and Q _gi is the instantaneous reactive power value of the controlled device i.

In addition, A. Conejo, M. et al. J. Aguilar, Secondary voltage control: Nonlinear selection of pilot buses, design of an optimal control law, and simulation resc. -Gener. Transm. Distrib. , Vol. 145, No. 1. 1. (1998), pp. 77-81, Omura, Uryu: "Study considering multiple operating points of core voltage control measures", Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan Electric Power Technology / Power System Technology Joint Study Group Material, PE-03-122, PSE-03-133, pp. 7-11, 2003 describes the method of selecting (setting) the reference bus, and the reference bus may be set by using the reference bus selection method described in this document or the like, or the reference bus may be set in advance. It may be set. When the reference bus is set in advance, it may be set based on the conventional knowledge, it may be set again by using the method of the above-mentioned document, or the number of reference bus may be reduced or increased. good. This makes it possible to appropriately set the reference bus for the current observation point.

The output distribution calculation in the output distribution calculation processing step S34 and the control command value calculation in the control command value calculation processing step S35 shown above are calculated in the variable component calculation processing step S31 in the variable component calculation processing step S31, and in the required reactive power calculation processing step S32. By calculating the required reactive power amount and calculating for each variable component the device to be controlled for the variable component selected as the reactive power allocation target in the reactive power allocation target selection process S33, for any variable component. Output distribution and output command can be performed, and the balance between the voltage of the power system and the reactive power is maintained even if the output of renewable energy fluctuates due to the weather or changes in the power supply configuration or system configuration occur over time. It can be done, and further the economic efficiency can be improved.

In the output command processing step S36, an output command is issued using the control command value calculation result data D13 stored in the control command value calculation processing step S35. The destination is, for example, an individual control device 45 for maintaining a voltage-reactive power balance in a certain area, and the individual control device 45 is one or more of control command value calculation result data D13 at a preset cycle. Is received and voltage invalid power control is performed.

In the control evaluation processing step S37, the required invalid power calculation result data D10 stored in the required invalid power calculation processing step S32, the invalid power allocation target selection result data D11 stored in the invalid power allocation target selection processing step S33, and the output allocation calculation. Using the output distribution calculation result data D12 stored in the processing step S34 and the control command value calculation result data D13 stored in the control command value calculation processing step S35, the operator correctly follows the target value as the calculation of the control evaluation. The deviation between the target voltage and the measured value is calculated, and the result is stored in the control evaluation result database 56 so that it can be easily confirmed.

Further, in the control evaluation processing step S37, as shown in FIG. 11, _{the probability distributions such as ΔV p} , ΔV _g, and ΔQ _gi indicating how much the voltage state and the distribution effect do not deviate, the frequency of use of each control device, and the frequency of use of each control device are determined. Calculate the number of times.

As a result, on the screen 90 as shown in FIG. 11, the operator can easily grasp whether the command value or the target value is obeyed, whether the balance between the voltage and the reactive power can be maintained, and whether the number of operations can be reduced. It has the effect of being able to do it.

The display example of the screen 90 shown in FIG. 11 is an example in which the operating state of the power system monitored and controlled by the voltage reactive power monitoring and control device 10 is visualized and displayed. The small screen 91 displays the status of the system data, such as the time of acquisition. On the small screen 92, the voltage as the measured value at the node selected on the tab (Bus1 in the example of the figure) is displayed together with various constraint conditions (operating voltage upper and lower limits, target voltage width, target voltage) and the current operating point. It is visualized and displayed in chronological order. The small screen 93 displays the probability density for each variable element selected on the tab. On the small screen 94, the number of operations of each of the static VAR power supply devices is comparatively displayed for the purpose of managing the degree of deterioration of the plurality of static VAR power supply devices. In addition, although not shown, the display of the distribution level of the reactive power Q shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the display of the distribution effect by the distribution, the display of the degree of deviation in the case of the probability distribution, and the frequency of use of each control device. , It is advisable to display the number of times, or to display the tendency as a screen that clearly shows what kind of countermeasures are necessary in which band, and to display the countermeasure equipment and insufficient capacity in that case.

In the screen display processing step S11, the predicted value data D1, the allocation necessity judgment reference data D2, the controlled target current output value data D3, the controlled target output upper / lower limit value / step value data D4, and the reference bus measurement value data D5. The reference bus target value data D6, the control target sensitivity data D7, the required invalid power calculation result data D10 stored in the required invalid power calculation processing step S32, and the invalid power distribution stored in the invalid power allocation target selection processing step S33. The target selection result data D11, the output distribution calculation result data D12 stored in the output distribution calculation process step S34, the control command value calculation result data D13 stored in the control command value calculation process step S35, and the control evaluation value calculation result data D13 stored in the control evaluation process step S37 are stored. Display one or more of the control evaluation result data D14 on the screen.

As shown in FIG. 11, the probability distribution indicating how much the voltage state and the distribution effect do not deviate, the frequency of use and the number of times of use of each control device are stored. As a result, on the screen as shown in FIG. 11, the operator can easily grasp whether the command value or the target value is followed, whether the balance between the voltage and the reactive power can be maintained, and whether the number of operations can be reduced. Has the effect of becoming. Further, when a plurality of objective functions are used in the calculation of the target value and the control amount of the voltage-reactive power monitoring and control device of the power system, the labor for weighting can be reduced.

The present invention shows a system configuration including a central device that monitors and controls the power system and an individual control device that is installed at individual locations in the power system and operates based on data transmitted from the central device. The central device in the second embodiment described with reference to 15 is linked to the central power supply command center that monitors and controls the entire power system, or is installed at the central power supply command center to perform intra-regional control. I put it in.

In this case, the voltage-reactive power monitoring and control device 10, which is the central device of the second embodiment, handles the data held by the central power supply command center, and the data obtained from the power system is also more diverse.

In the second embodiment, one or more calculation units of the predicted value data D1 and the reference bus target value data D6 in the first embodiment are provided, whereby the embodiment is provided in terms of input data, configuration, program, and control flow. It is different from 1.

As a result, according to the first embodiment, even if it becomes impossible to receive the predicted value data D1 and the reference bus target value data D6 from another device, the voltage of the power system and the voltage of the power system are invalid only by the voltage reactive power monitoring control device 10. It will be possible to provide one or both effects that maintain power balance and improve economic efficiency. Hereinafter, an example of the voltage reactive power monitoring and control device according to the second embodiment will be described. However, the description will be omitted for the parts having the same configuration as that of the first embodiment and the parts having the same operation.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of the overall configuration of the power system and the hardware configuration of the voltage reactive power monitoring and control device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The overall configuration of the power system of FIG. 13 is basically the same as the overall configuration of the power system of FIG. However, the data sent from the power system to the voltage reactive power monitoring and control device 10 newly includes the system measurement data D17 in addition to the reference bus measurement value data D5. The system measurement data D17 is measurement data at an arbitrary position in the power system, and is a broader and broader measurement value data including the reference bus measurement value data D5 which is the data measured by the reference bus. As a result, even if the reference bus measurement value data D5 becomes difficult to obtain for some reason, the reference bus measurement data can be estimated from the system measurement data D17. The power system to be monitored and controlled may be the entire power system or a divided area.

Regarding the hardware configuration of the voltage reactive power monitoring and control device 10, two database DBs are newly added in the second embodiment. These are the system measurement database DB17 and the system equipment database DB18, which are positioned in the input side database DBI of FIG.

FIG. 12 is a diagram describing the voltage reactive power monitoring and control device 10 by the processing function inside the device, and corresponds to FIG. 1 of the first embodiment. The processing functions are structurally different in that the state estimation calculation unit 38, the prediction value calculation unit 39, and the reference bus target value calculation unit 40 are added to the calculation unit 41. Further, the input side database DBI of FIG. 12 includes a system measurement database DB 17 and a system equipment database DB 18. The results of the predicted value calculation unit 39 and the reference bus target value calculation unit 40 are stored in the input side database DBI because they are input data for later processing, but may be called as the result side database DBO. ..

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a program configuration corresponding to FIG. 3, and programmatically, a state estimation calculation program P38, a predicted value calculation program P39, and a reference bus target value calculation program P40 are added to the program database DB15. The points made are structurally different.

The above main differences will be described in detail below, but first, the system measurement data D17 as a premise will be described. The reference bus measurement value data D5 is positioned as the data measured on the reference bus, but the system measurement data D17 does not specify the measurement position and can be said to be a wider range of measurement data. The system measurement data D17 shown in FIG. 13 includes the node voltage V, the branch current I, the power factor Φ, the active power P, and the active power Q measured by the measuring device 44, as in the reference bus measurement value data D5. Any one or more of the data is received via the communication network 300 and stored in the system measurement database DB17. However, instead of receiving the system data directly from the measuring device 44, it may be once aggregated in another monitoring device and then stored in the system measurement database DB 17 via the communication network 300, or the measuring device 44 or the like. It may be stored in the system measurement database DB 17 from the monitoring device of the above via the communication network 300. The system measurement data D17 may include a unique number for identifying the data and a time stamp. The other monitoring devices include, for example, a central power supply command center and a system stability monitoring server.

Next, the system equipment data D18 will be described. The system equipment database DB 18 shown in FIG. 13 includes and stores the system configuration, line impedance (R + jX), ground capacitance (admittance: Y), power supply data, and the like as the system equipment data D18. The system configuration includes one or more connection relationships of the bus, line, power supply, load, transformer, and each control device of the system. The system equipment data D18 may be obtained from the monitoring control device, the central power supply command center, or the EMS, or may be manually input. When inputting manually, the input unit 12 manually inputs and stores the input. At the time of input, the CPU 14 generates necessary image data and displays it on the display unit 11. At the time of input, the completion function may be used to semi-manually set a large amount of data.

By using the system measurement data D17 and the system equipment data D18, additional processing is generated in the second embodiment with respect to the calculation processing contents of the first embodiment. In FIG. 15, which is an example of a flowchart showing the entire processing of the power system voltage reactive power monitoring and control device 10, the part where the calculation is added will be described.

In the flowchart shown in FIG. 15, a series of processes from the process step S31 to the process step S37 and the process step S11 are the same as those in the first embodiment. In the second embodiment, steps S38, S39, and S40 are added as the pretreatment.

In the state estimation calculation processing step S38 of FIG. 15, the system is calculated by the state estimation calculation program P38 added to FIG. 14 using the system measurement data D17, the system equipment data D18, and the appropriately set calculation setting data. The system state at the time of measurement is calculated, and the state estimation calculation result is stored. The state estimation calculation result may be stored in an appropriate place in the storage device, but a state estimation calculation result database can be provided as a dedicated database as needed.

The state estimation calculation by the state estimation calculation program P38 is based on the observation data of power transmission and distribution equipment such as substations, power plants, and transmission lines, and the presence or absence of abnormal data in the observation data. It is a calculation function that estimates and removes the plausible system state in a specific time section. Here, the state estimation calculation is performed, for example, by Lars Holten, Anders Gjelsvlk, Sverre Adam, F. et al. F. Wu, and Wen-Hs Ring E.I. Liu, Comparison of Different Methods for State Station, IEEE Transition on Power Systems, Vol. 3 (1988), pp. It can be carried out according to various methods such as 1798-1806.

In the predicted value calculation processing step S39, the state estimation calculation result data, the total demand prediction result data, the generator fuel consumption characteristic data, the substation load to total demand ratio data, and the substation load PQ correlation data are used. , The predicted value calculation program P39 predicts and calculates the future system state from the time of system measurement, and stores it in the predicted value database DB1. For the total demand forecast result data, for example, Ryoichi Hara: "Analysis and forecasting technology of time series data related to supply and demand operation of electric power system", Journal of the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan B, Vol. 134, No. 4,2014, pp. Demand forecasting methods described in the literature of 276-279, Kenichi Tokoro, et al .: "Development of short-term power demand forecasting method", Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan Electric Power Technology / Power System Technology Joint Study Group, PE-08-120, PSE -08-129, 2008, pp. It may be calculated according to the method described in 25-28 or the like, or the aggregate demand forecast result data performed at the central power supply command center may be periodically obtained via the communication network 300. It may be set in advance.

In the case of the second embodiment, the voltage reactive power monitoring and control device 10 which is a central device cooperates with the central power supply command center that monitors and controls the entire power system, or is installed in the central power supply command center to control the area. However, the data used mainly in the state estimation calculation processing step S38 and the predicted value calculation processing step S39 can be obtained in cooperation with the central power supply command center.

Predicted value calculation In step S39, the predicted value calculation is performed, for example, by Takaharu Ishida et al .: "Predictive Leading Voltage Reactive Power Control Method for Core Systems Using LP Method", Denki B., Vol. 117, No. 8. 1997, pp. It can be carried out according to the method of 1116-1120 and the like.

Specifically, the generator active power output of each generator is predicted and calculated using ELD (economic load distribution) from the total demand forecast result data and the generator fuel consumption characteristic data. In addition, the substation individual active power load is predicted and calculated using Eq. (7) from the total demand forecast result data and the substation load to total demand ratio data. In yet _{(7), P li} effective load forecasting results of the substation _{i, P all} the total demand forecast result, ratio _i is to total demand ratio of active power load of the substation i.

Further, the substation individual active power load is predicted and calculated using the equation (8) from the substation individual active power load prediction result and the substation load PQ correlation data. (8) In the _{formula, Q li} reactive power load prediction result of the substation i, _{f i} is the PQ correlation substation i.

In addition, the power flow state in the future time section is predicted and calculated from the generator active power output prediction result, the substation individual active power load prediction result, and the substation individual invalid power load prediction result using the AC method power flow calculation method. As a result, the predicted value data D1 can be obtained. Here, the AC method power flow calculation method is, for example, WILLIAM F TINNEY, CLIFFORD E HART, Power Flow Solution by Newton's Method, IEEE Transition on Power APPARATUS AND SYSTEM. PAS-86, NO. 11 (1967) pp. It can be carried out according to the method of 1449-1967 and the like.

In the reference bus target value calculation processing step S40, the reference bus target value is calculated using the predicted value data D1, the state estimation result data, and the system equipment data D18. As shown in Example 1, the reference bus target value is described in the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan, Measures for Maintaining Voltage Stability in the Power System, Technical Report II-73 of the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan, pp. It may be calculated offline according to the method described in 10-14 (1979), Junki Someya et al .: "Examination of reference voltage optimum control by interior point method in East Japan system", 2003 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan National Convention, 6-159, pp. It may be calculated according to the method described in 273-274 and the like. As a result, it is predicted that the output of renewable energy will fluctuate due to the weather over time, and output distribution and output commands can be issued for any of the fluctuating components, so the balance between the voltage of the power system and the reactive power can be balanced. It can be maintained and further improved in economic efficiency.

In the third embodiment, as the contents of the control evaluation of step S37 performed by the control evaluation unit 37 in the first or second embodiment, the trend display and future prediction of the required reactive power, the current / past reactive power equipment capacity, and the equipment capacity required in the future Add a screen example of. The equipment configuration and evaluation flow are the same as in Example 1 or 2.

The display example of the screen 90 shown in FIG. 16 is an example in which the evaluation result of the voltage reactive power monitoring and control device 10 is visualized and displayed. Regarding the evaluation result calculation contents, the small screen 95 displays the shortage of the reactive power at the predicted time and the proposal 1 that the generator G4 should be additionally used as a countermeasure. On the small screen 96, the required reactive power ΔQ for the fluctuation selected on the tab is displayed along with the past value, the predicted value, the device capacity, and the required device capacity over time. In addition, the size of the equipment capacity and the required equipment capacity are displayed for each generator. This has the effect of making it easier for operators to grasp trends and make decisions.

By using the screen of FIG. 16, the operator can easily determine how much required reactive power ΔQ is for which fluctuation, whether it was allowed in the past, and whether it will be insufficient in the future. There is. In addition, if the required reactive power is insufficient or will be insufficient in the future, the operator can easily determine the required equipment specifications by selecting the smallest controlled device to exceed and displaying it as a proposal. How much required reactive power will be generated in the future is calculated by a regression equation using past data.

10: Voltage invalid power monitoring system 12: Input unit 13: Communication unit 14: CPU
15: Memory DB1: Predicted value database (predicted value data D1)
DB2: Allocation necessity judgment standard database (Distribution necessity judgment standard data D2)
DB3: Control target current output value database (Control target current output value data D3)
DB4: Control target output upper / lower limit value / step value database (control target output upper / lower limit value / step value data D4)
DB5: Reference bus measurement value database (reference bus measurement value data D5)
DB6: Reference bus target value database (reference bus target value data D6)
DB7: Control target sensitivity database (Control target sensitivity data D7)
DB8: Conversion coefficient database (conversion coefficient data D8)
DB9: Control target changeable cycle database (Control target changeable cycle data D9)
31: Variable component calculation unit 32: Required invalid power calculation unit 33: Invalid power allocation target selection unit 34: Output distribution calculation unit 35: Control command value calculation unit 36: Output command unit 37: Control evaluation unit 40: Input system database 41 : Calculation unit 42: Result system database 43: Bus line 44: Measuring devices 45a, 45b: Individual control devices 46a, 46b, 46c, 46d, 46e: Control device DB10: Required invalid power calculation result database (required invalid power calculation result data) D10)
DB11: Reactive power allocation target selection result database (reactive power allocation target selection result data D11)
DB12: Output allocation calculation result database (output allocation calculation result data D12)
DB13: Control command value calculation result database (control command value calculation result data D13)
DB14: Control evaluation result database (control evaluation result data D14)
DB15: Program database (program data D15)
DB16: Variable component calculation result database (variable component calculation result data D16)
71: Received data (reference bus measurement value data D5)
72: Transmission data (output command value calculation result data D13)
100: Transmission system 110a, 110b: Power supply 120a, 120b, 120c, 120d, 120e, 120f, 120h, 120i, 120j: Node 130a, 130b, 130c, 130d, 130e: Transformer 140b, 140e, 140f, 140g, 140h: Branches 150a, 150b, 150c: Loads 160a, 160b, 160c, 160d: Power capacitors 170a, 170b: Branch reactor 300: Communication network

Claims (14)

It is a voltage static power monitoring and control device that is applied to the power system including the generator and the static power supply device , which are the controlled devices that can adjust the static power, and monitors and controls the voltage static power.
A power program is the predicted value of the amount of electric power for the generator to be connected to an electric power system, the voltage of the electric power system obtained by flow calculation from the predicted value of the load demand of the load connected to the electric power system, reactive power The variable component calculation unit that calculates the variable components of multiple cycles for the predicted values of the included data,
For each of the variable components in a plurality of cycles, a required reactive power calculation unit that obtains the reactive power required to suppress the variable component as the required reactive energy, and a unit for calculating the required reactive power.
A reactive power allocation target selection unit that selects an invalid power allocation target from multiple controlled devices,
An output distribution calculation unit that calculates the output distribution for sharing and outputting the required invalid power amount by the plurality of selected controlled devices.
It is provided with an output command unit that calculates a control command value of reactive power for each control target device from the output distribution calculation results determined for the plurality of selected control target devices.
When the plurality of selected controlled devices are generators, the output allocation calculation unit distributes the required invalid power according to the capabilities of the plurality of generators targeted for output allocation, and the selected plurality of the controlled devices. When the target device is an invalid power supply device having a mechanical mechanism unit, the required invalid power is set so that the number of operations of the mechanical mechanism unit of the plurality of the invalid power supply devices targeted for output distribution is not biased. When the equipment to be controlled is both a generator and an ineffective power supply device having a mechanical mechanism, the output of the ineffective power supply device having the generator and the mechanical mechanism is distributed according to a preset weight. voltage reactive power monitoring control device and obtaining a. It is a voltage static power monitoring and control device that is applied to the power system including the generator and the static power supply device , which are the controlled devices that can adjust the static power, and monitors and controls the voltage static power.
A state estimation calculation unit that calculates the system state at the time of power system measurement using the measurement data of the power system and the data of the system equipment of the power system and obtains the state estimation calculation result.
Power using the data of the state estimation calculation result, the power generation plan which is the predicted value of the electric energy of the generator connected to the power system, and the predicted data of the load demand of the load connected to the power system. Predicted value calculation unit that predicts and calculates the future system state from the time of system measurement and obtains the predicted value including the voltage and reactive power of the power system.
A variable component calculation unit that calculates variable components for multiple cycles for predicted values of data obtained from the power system,
For each of the variable components in a plurality of cycles, a required reactive power calculation unit that obtains the reactive power required to suppress the variable component as the required reactive energy, and a unit for calculating the required reactive power.
A reactive power allocation target selection unit that selects an invalid power allocation target from multiple controlled devices,
An output distribution calculation unit that calculates the output distribution for sharing and outputting the required invalid power amount by the plurality of selected controlled devices.
It is provided with an output command unit that calculates the control command value of the reactive power for each control target device from the output distribution calculation results determined for the plurality of selected control target devices.
When the plurality of selected controlled devices are generators, the output allocation calculation unit distributes the required invalid power according to the capabilities of the plurality of generators targeted for output allocation, and the selected plurality of the controlled devices. When the target device is an invalid power supply device having a mechanical mechanism unit, the required invalid power is set so that the number of operations of the mechanical mechanism unit of the plurality of the invalid power supply devices targeted for output distribution is not biased. When the equipment to be controlled is both a generator and an ineffective power supply device having a mechanical mechanism, the output of the ineffective power supply device having the generator and the mechanical mechanism is distributed according to a preset weight. voltage reactive power monitoring control device and obtaining a. The voltage-reactive power monitoring and control device according to claim 1 or 2.
The required reactive electric energy calculation unit determines a variable component that is suppressed by the reactive power and a variable component that is not suppressed from the variable components in the plurality of cycles, and for the variable component that is determined to be suppressed by the reactive power. A voltage ineffective power monitoring and control device, characterized in that the required amount of ineffective power is obtained. The voltage-reactive power monitoring and control device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
The predicted value of the data obtained from the power system is the voltage of the power system, and the voltage ineffective power monitoring is characterized by converting it into ineffective power using a conversion coefficient held in advance to obtain the required ineffective power amount. Control device. The voltage-reactive power monitoring and control device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
The voltage ineffective power monitoring control device is characterized in that the ineffective power allocation target selection unit selects the control target device to be inactive power allocation in consideration of the adjusting force of the control target device with respect to the required ineffective power amount. .. The voltage-reactive power monitoring and control device according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
The voltage ineffective power of the control target device is selected and suppressed in consideration of the changeable cycle of the control target device and the cycle of the variable component. Monitoring and control device. The voltage-reactive power monitoring and control device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
A voltage-reactive power monitoring / control device including a display unit that visualizes and displays the operating status of the power system monitored and controlled by the voltage-reactive power monitoring / control device. The voltage-reactive power monitoring and control device according to claim 7.
The display shows the time obtained for the system data, the relationship between the node voltage and its constraint conditions (operating voltage upper and lower limits, target voltage width, target voltage), probability density of variable components, and the number of operations of the static power supply device. A voltage-disabled power monitoring and control device, characterized in that at least one of the above is visualized and displayed. The voltage-reactive power monitoring and control device according to claim 7.
On the display unit, the distribution status of the required reactive power, the position of the operating point in the case of the probability density distribution, the frequency of use of each control device, the number of times of use, and at least one or more of the countermeasure devices are visualized and displayed. A voltage-reactive power monitoring and control device characterized by. The voltage-reactive power monitoring and control device according to claim 7.
A voltage-reactive power monitoring / control device, characterized in that at least one or more of data used for monitoring and control by the voltage-reactive power monitoring / control device is visualized and displayed on the display unit. The voltage-reactive power monitoring and control device according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
The output command unit is a voltage-reactive power monitoring and control device characterized in that a obtained control command value is given to a device to be controlled to control a power system. The voltage-reactive power monitoring and control device according to any one of claims 7 to 10.
On the display unit, the shortage amount of the reactive power at the predicted time, the proposal of the countermeasure, the past value of the required reactive power ΔQ for each variable component, and at least one of the predicted values are visualized and displayed. A characteristic voltage-reactive power monitoring and control device. It is a voltage vars on power monitoring and control method that is applied to the power system including the generator and the vars on power supply device , which are the controlled devices for which the denial power can be adjusted, and monitors and controls the voltage vars on the power.
Including a power program is the predicted value of the amount of electric power for the generator to be connected to an electric power system, the voltage of the power system obtained by flow calculation from the predicted value of the load demand of the load connected to the electric power system, reactive power For the predicted value of the data, find the variable component of multiple cycles and
For each of the variable components in a plurality of cycles, the reactive power required to suppress the variable component is obtained as the required reactive power amount.
Select the reactive power distribution target from multiple controlled devices and select
The output distribution for sharing and outputting the required invalid power amount is calculated by the plurality of selected devices to be controlled.
From the output distribution calculation results determined for the plurality of selected devices to be controlled, the control command value of the reactive power for each device to be controlled is calculated, and the control command value is calculated .
When the plurality of selected controlled devices are generators, the output distribution for sharing and outputting the required invalid power amount is determined according to the capacity of the plurality of generators targeted for output distribution. The number of operations of the mechanical mechanism unit of the plurality of the ineffective power supply devices to be output-distributed when the plurality of controlled devices selected by the above is an ineffective power supply device having a mechanical mechanism unit. The required invalid power is distributed so that A voltage ineffective power monitoring and control method, characterized in that the output distribution of an ineffective power supply device having a unit is obtained. It is a voltage vars on power monitoring and control method that is applied to the power system including the generator and the vars on power supply device , which are the controlled devices for which the denial power can be adjusted, and monitors and controls the voltage vars on the power.
Using the power system measurement data and the power system system equipment data, the system status at the time of power system measurement is calculated.
Using the data of the calculation result of the system condition, a power generation planning is the predicted value of the amount of electric power for the generator to be connected to an electric power system, and the prediction data of the load demand of a load connected to the electric power system, Predict and calculate future system status from the time of power system measurement, and obtain predicted values including power system voltage and reactive power.
For the predicted value of the data obtained from the power system, find the fluctuation component of multiple cycles,
For each of the variable components in a plurality of cycles, the reactive power required to suppress the variable component is obtained as the required reactive power amount.
Select the reactive power distribution target from multiple controlled devices and select
The output distribution for sharing and outputting the required invalid power amount is calculated by the plurality of controlled devices, and the output distribution is calculated.
From the output distribution calculation results determined for the plurality of selected devices to be controlled, the control command value of the reactive power for each device to be controlled is calculated, and the control command value is calculated .
When the plurality of selected controlled devices are generators, the output distribution for sharing and outputting the required invalid power amount is determined according to the capacity of the plurality of generators targeted for output distribution. The number of operations of the mechanical mechanism unit of the plurality of the ineffective power supply devices to be output-distributed when the plurality of controlled devices selected by the above is an ineffective power supply device having a mechanical mechanism unit. The required invalid power is distributed so that A voltage ineffective power monitoring and control method, characterized in that the output distribution of an ineffective power supply device having a unit is obtained.

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