JP6920853B2 - Solar cell module and vehicle superstructure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a solar cell module installed in a vehicle and converting sunlight into electrical energy, and a vehicle superstructure provided with the solar cell module.

In recent years, a technique for installing a solar cell module that receives sunlight and converts it into electrical energy has been developed in a vehicle such as an automobile.

For example, Patent Document 1 describes a solar cell module installed in an upper part of a vehicle. This solar cell module is attached to the inner surface of the window glass in contact with the upper part of the vehicle, and internally includes a solar cell panel that receives sunlight from both the upper surface and the lower surface. In the solar cell module of Patent Document 1, sunlight is incident on the upper surface of the solar cell panel through the window glass, and is incident on the lower surface of the solar cell panel from the window glass into the vehicle interior, and then is installed in the vehicle interior. The reflected light of the sunlight reflected by the ment panel is incident. As a result, both sides of the solar cell panel are utilized, and the power generation efficiency is improved by a large light receiving area.

Further, in Patent Document 2, in a solar cell module provided with a solar cell panel capable of receiving sunlight from both the upper surface and the lower surface, a through hole penetrating from the upper surface to the lower surface is formed in the solar cell panel, and further, the sun The one in which the reflector is arranged below the battery panel is described. In this solar cell module, the lower surface of the solar cell panel facing the vehicle interior side is incident with sunlight that has passed through the through hole of the solar cell panel and is reflected by the reflecting plate, so that the upper surface and the lower surface of the solar cell panel are exposed to sunlight. It receives sunlight from both and generates power.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2010-137809 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2005-067472

A sunshade may be installed on the inner surface of the window glass of the vehicle when the occupants feel uncomfortable when exposed to direct sunlight, such as in the summer, or when the temperature rise in the passenger compartment due to sunlight is mitigated when parking. ..

In the vehicle structure provided with the solar cell module described in Patent Document 1, the lower surface side of the solar cell module (that is, the lower surface side of the solar cell panel) is covered by the installed sunshade, so that the lower surface of the solar cell panel is covered with the sun. There was a problem that light could not be incident.

Regarding this point, in the solar cell module described in Patent Document 2, even when a sunshade is installed, sunlight is incident on the lower surface of the solar cell panel by utilizing the through hole formed in the solar cell panel. Can be made to.

However, by forming the through hole in the solar cell panel itself, the light receiving area on the upper surface and the lower surface is reduced by the area of the through hole. Therefore, when the sunshade is unnecessary, the power generation efficiency is inferior to that described in Patent Document 1.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is a solar cell module capable of securing a wide light receiving area of a solar cell panel and improving power generation efficiency without being affected by a sunshade. , And to provide a vehicle superstructure with this solar cell module.

In order to achieve the above object, the solar cell module according to the present invention is installed on the roof of a vehicle, has a solar cell panel capable of receiving light from both the upper surface and the lower surface, and converts sunlight into electric energy. The module is provided with a light guide member which is arranged on the lower surface side of the solar cell panel and guides the light incident from the light incident portion provided on the outer side of the peripheral edge of the solar cell panel to the lower surface of the solar cell panel . The light receiving portion is provided on a part of the outer periphery of the peripheral portion of the solar cell panel, and the light guide member is provided below the light entering portion, and the light entering portion is provided from the outside to the inside of the solar cell panel as it goes downward. A first reflecting portion having a reflecting surface that is formed in an inclined shape toward A second reflecting portion having a continuous wave-shaped reflecting surface, and light incident through the first reflecting portion and the second reflecting portion are reflected and incident on the lower surface of the solar cell panel. The third reflecting portion has three reflecting portions, and the third reflecting portion is provided below the peripheral edge portion of the solar cell panel where the light receiving portion is not provided, and is inclined with the lower surface of the solar cell panel. It is characterized in that the second reflecting portion extends obliquely upward from an end portion on the distant side with respect to the first reflecting portion so as to face each other.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, in the solar cell module, the light receiving portion is provided on the outside of the peripheral edge portion of one side of the four sides of the solar cell panel formed in the shape of a quadrangular plate. The reflecting portion of No. 3 is characterized in that it is provided on the side of the four sides of the solar cell panel facing the one side.

According to this configuration, the light guide member can guide the light incident from the outside of the peripheral edge of the solar cell panel to the lower surface of the solar cell panel, so that the sunshade is arranged on the lower surface side of the solar cell module. However, as in the case where the sunshade is not arranged, sunlight can be incident on the lower surface of the solar cell panel.

Further, since the sunlight incident on the lower surface of the solar cell panel is incident from the light receiving portion outside the peripheral edge portion of the solar cell panel, the light receiving area of the solar cell panel is compared with the one in which the through hole is formed in the solar cell panel. As a result, the power generation efficiency can be improved.
Further, according to this configuration, the light from the light input portion can be reflected by the first reflecting portion and incident on the lower surface of the solar cell panel, and after being reflected by the first reflecting portion, the light is further second. It can be reflected by the reflecting portion of No. 2 and incident on the back side of the lower surface of the solar cell panel (that is, the lower surface of the solar cell panel on the far side from the light receiving portion).
Further, according to this configuration, the light passing through the first reflecting portion and the second reflecting portion can be further reflected by the third reflecting portion and guided to the lower surface of the solar cell panel to be incident on the solar cell. The amount of light received on the lower surface of the panel can be increased.
Further, according to this configuration, sunlight can be incident on the inner region of the lower surface of the solar cell panel by the third reflecting portion.

Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, in the solar cell module, the light receiving portion is formed integrally with the reflecting portion of the light guide member arranged on the lower surface side of the solar cell panel, and the sun. It is characterized in that it extends in the vertical direction on the outside of the peripheral edge of the battery panel and has an inner surface that totally reflects the incident light.

According to this configuration, the sunlight incident on the light input portion can be totally reflected and guided to the reflecting portion arranged on the lower surface side of the solar cell panel.

Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, in the solar cell module, the light receiving portion is formed integrally with the reflecting portion of the light guide member arranged on the lower surface side of the solar cell panel, and the solar cell panel is formed. It is characterized in that it extends in the vertical direction on the outside of the peripheral edge of the solar panel, and the width dimension gradually increases downward.

According to this configuration, when sunlight is incident on the light receiving part from an oblique direction, it is possible to prevent the sunlight from leaking to the outside of the light receiving part and guide the sunlight downward, so that the sunlight is efficiently guided. It can be guided to the reflecting part of the optical member.

Further, one embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that, in the solar cell module, the first reflecting portion extends from the outside of the peripheral edge portion of the solar cell panel to just below the lower surface of the solar cell panel.

According to this configuration, the area of the light receiving surface (reflecting surface) of the first reflecting portion is increased, and the first reflecting portion directly enters the lower surface of the solar cell panel without passing through the second reflecting portion. The amount of light emitted can be increased. As a result, the amount of light received on the lower surface of the solar cell panel can be increased to improve the power generation efficiency.

Further, one embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that, in the solar cell module, the reflecting surface of the first reflecting portion is subjected to prism processing.

According to this configuration, the traveling direction of the light can be controlled by the prism effect. Therefore, for example, the amount of light incident on the lower surface of the solar cell panel directly from the first reflecting portion is increased. It is possible to control the direction of travel.

Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, in the solar cell module, the reflecting surface of the first reflecting portion is set so that the inclination angle with respect to the lower surface of the solar cell panel decreases as it goes downward. It is characterized by.

According to this configuration, the amount of light received by the first reflecting portion can be increased as compared with the case where the reflecting surface of the first reflecting portion is formed by one plane having a constant inclination angle. As a result, the amount of light incident on the lower surface of the solar cell panel directly from the first reflecting portion can be increased, and the power generation efficiency can be improved.

Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, in the solar cell module, the reflecting surface of the first reflecting portion has a plurality of acute-angled planes having an acute angle with respect to the lower surface of the solar cell panel, and the solar cell panel. It is characterized in that it is formed by combining a plurality of obtuse-angled planes having an acute-angled angle with respect to the lower surface.

According to this configuration, by forming a reflecting surface by combining a plurality of acute-angled planes and a plurality of obtuse-angled planes, it is possible to secure a large area of the acute-angled plane on the reflecting surface. In the reflecting surface of the first reflecting portion, the sharp plane can reflect the incident light from the incoming light toward the lower surface of the solar panel and the second reflecting portion, so that a large area of the sharp plane is secured. By doing so, it is possible to increase the amount of light incident on the lower surface of the solar cell panel and improve the power generation efficiency.

Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, in the solar cell module, the reflecting surface of the first reflecting portion is set so that the inclination angle with respect to the lower surface of the solar cell panel becomes smaller as it goes downward. It is characterized by having the acute-angled plane of the above, and a plurality of obtuse-angled planes set so that the inclination angle with respect to the lower surface of the solar cell panel becomes larger or smaller as it goes upward.

According to this configuration, the amount of light received by the first reflecting unit can be increased. Further, when the inclination angles of the plurality of obtuse-angled planes are set to be larger toward the upper side, it is possible to suppress the light entering the light guide member from leaking to the outside. On the other hand, when the inclination angles of the plurality of obtuse-angled planes are set to be smaller toward the upper side, it is possible to prevent the obtuse-angled planes from obstructing the light incident on the acute-angled planes.

Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, in the solar cell module, the continuous wave shape of the second reflecting portion faces the first reflecting portion side as the distance from the first reflecting portion increases. It is characterized in that the inclination angle of the reflecting surface is set to be large.

According to this configuration, in the second reflecting portion, the light can be incident on the lower surface of the solar cell panel in a state close to perpendicular to the lower surface of the solar cell panel in a region away from the first reflecting portion. As a result, it is possible to increase the amount of light received on the inner side of the lower surface of the solar cell panel (the side farther from the light input portion) and improve the power generation efficiency.

Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, in the solar cell module, the heights of the continuous wave-shaped waves of the second reflecting portion are all equal or become higher as the distance from the first reflecting portion increases. The feature is that it is set as follows.

According to this configuration, light can be guided to a region away from the first reflecting portion by making the heights of the waves equal in the second reflecting portion. Further, in the second reflecting portion, the height of the wave can be increased on the distant side of the first reflecting portion, and the amount of light reflected toward the lower surface of the solar cell panel can be increased in this distant region. As a result, the amount of light received on the inner surface of the lower surface of the solar cell panel can be increased, and the power generation efficiency can be improved.

Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, in the solar cell module, the second reflecting portion can introduce the light incident from the light receiving portion in the installed state without passing through the first reflecting portion. It has a first region and a second region different from the first region, and the first region and the second region are characterized in that the continuous wave shape setting pattern is different.

According to this configuration, by changing the wave shape setting pattern in the first region and the second region, for example, in the first region, the light incident from the light entering portion without passing through the first reflecting portion is the sun. In the second region, the light incident through the first reflecting portion is incident on the lower surface of the solar cell panel in a state close to vertical. The amount of light received on the lower surface of the solar cell panel can be increased.

Further, one embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that, in the solar cell module, the wave shape is a polygonal shape or a curved surface shape of a triangle or more.

According to this configuration, the amount of light received on the lower surface side of the solar cell panel can be optimized by appropriately changing the wave shape of the reflecting surface of the second reflecting portion.

In order to achieve the above object, the vehicle superstructure according to the present invention is a vehicle superstructure provided with the solar cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and is on the vehicle interior side of the light guide member. The solar cell module is provided with a light-shielding panel capable of covering the entire lower surface of the solar cell module.

According to this configuration, it is possible to prevent the intrusion of direct sunlight into the vehicle interior while receiving sunlight on both sides of the solar cell panel.

Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, in the vehicle superstructure, the light-shielding panel is a roof panel arranged in the upper part of the vehicle interior, and the solar cell module is a recess formed in the roof panel. It is characterized by being housed inside.

According to this configuration, it is possible to prevent direct sunlight from entering the vehicle interior from the roof portion on which the solar cell module is installed. Further, the upper surface of the roof portion on which the solar cell module is installed can be formed in a flat shape.

According to the present invention, when the solar cell module is installed in a vehicle, it is possible to secure a wide light receiving area of the solar cell panel and improve the power generation efficiency without being affected by the sunshade.

The perspective view of the upper part of the vehicle provided with the solar cell module which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the wave shape forming the reflecting surface of the second reflecting portion. The cross-sectional view which shows the modification of the light entry part. The cross-sectional view which shows the modification of the light entry part. It is a figure which shows the modification of the 1st reflection part, and is the enlarged sectional view of the region surrounded by the chain line VI of FIG. The cross-sectional view which shows the modification of the 1st reflection part. It is a figure which shows the modification of the 2nd reflection part, (a) is the same cross-sectional view as FIG. 2 which shows the 1st region and 2nd region, (b) is the expansion of the region surrounded by VIIIb of (a). Sectional view. The perspective view of the upper part of the vehicle provided with the solar cell module which concerns on 2nd Embodiment.

(First Embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the upper part of a vehicle provided with the solar cell module according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. In each figure, Up indicates the upper part of the vehicle and Ft indicates the front part of the vehicle. It should be noted that each drawing is a schematic view described for explaining the main part of the invention in an easy-to-understand manner, and does not accurately show the dimensions and the like. The solar cell module 10 is installed in the roof portion of the vehicle, and in the present embodiment, it has a substantially quadrangular plate shape, and in the vehicle, a recess formed in the roof panel 70 arranged in the upper part of the vehicle interior. It is housed in 72.

The solar cell module 10 includes a solar cell panel 12, a sealing member 13, an upper surface protective layer 14, a lower surface protective layer 15, and a light guide member 17.

The solar cell panel 12 is flat and is composed of a plurality of solar cells arranged in a plane, and in the installed state, both the upper surface 12a facing the outside of the vehicle and the lower surface 12b facing the inside of the vehicle. It receives light from the surface of the surface and converts the light into electrical energy. As such a solar cell panel 12, a panel having a known configuration, for example, a panel composed of a double-sided light receiving type single crystal silicon solar cell can be used.

The sealing member 13 seals the entire surface of both sides of the solar cell panel 12 to prevent deterioration of the solar cell panel 12 due to moisture or oxygen. The sealing member 13 is a solar cell on the upper surface side sealing layer 13a that seals the upper surface 12a of the solar cell panel 12, the lower surface side sealing layer 13b that seals the lower surface 12b, and the light receiving portion 20 side described later. It has a side sealing portion 13c that seals the side surface of the panel 12. A translucent material is used for the sealing member 13. As the translucent material, for example, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl butyral, polyethylene and the like can be used.

The upper surface protective layer 14 and the lower surface protective layer 15 are layers that impart barrier properties such as mechanical strength and weather resistance to the solar cell panel 12, respectively, and are formed of a translucent material such as tempered glass. NS. The upper surface protective layer 14 is laminated on the upper surface of the upper surface side sealing layer 13a, and the lower surface protective layer 15 is laminated on the lower surface of the lower surface side sealing layer 13b.

The solar cell panel 12, the sealing member 13, the upper surface protective layer 14 and the lower surface protective layer 15 are formed in a quadrangular shape in a top view (that is, a plan view seen from above), and are attached to these side portions. They are fixed to each other by the frame material 16 and unitized. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the frame material 16 is formed in a U shape along the side edges of the three sides of the solar cell panel 12 in a top view. In the following description, the unitized solar cell panel 12, the sealing member 13, the upper surface protective layer 14 and the lower surface protective layer 15 are referred to as a solar cell unit 19.

The light guide member 17 guides sunlight to the lower surface 12b side of the solar cell panel 12 in the installed state, and is arranged below the lower surface protective layer 15 (that is, the lower surface 12b side of the solar cell panel 12). The light guide member 17 is connected to and fixed to the solar cell unit 19 by, for example, a fixing means (not shown) attached to a corner portion of a peripheral edge of the solar cell unit 19. In each figure, a gap is formed between the solar cell unit 19 and the light guide member 17, but the cushioning material may be brought into close contact with the solar cell unit 19 without forming a gap, or the gap portion may be a light-transmitting cushioning material. May be filled. The solar cell module 10 may have a configuration in which the light guide member 17 is laminated on the lower surface of the lower surface side sealing layer 13b without arranging the lower surface protective layer 15.

The light guide member 17 can be formed of a translucent material, for example, a resin material such as a polycarbonate resin or an acrylic resin, a transparent glass material, or the like. In the present embodiment, the light guide member 17 is integrally formed with the light entering portion 20 located outside the peripheral edge portion 19a of the solar cell unit 19 (that is, outside the peripheral edge portion of the solar cell panel 12). It has a light guide unit 30 and the light guide unit 30.

The light input unit 20 is a portion that serves as a light guide path for guiding sunlight to the light guide unit 30, and as shown in FIG. 1, is in the vehicle width direction along one side edge of the solar cell panel 12 having a rectangular shape in a plan view. In addition to extending, as shown in FIG. 2, it extends in the vertical direction on the outside of the peripheral edge of the solar cell panel 12. The light entry unit 20 has an upper surface 22 that serves as a light receiving surface of sunlight, and a first inner side surface 24 and a second inner side surface 25 that extend in the vertical direction and totally reflect incident light.

The upper surface 22 is installed so as to be substantially flush with the upper surface 14a of the upper surface protective layer 14. The first inner side surface 24 extends in the vertical direction on the near side of the solar cell panel 12, and the second inner side surface 25 extends in the vertical direction on the distant side of the solar cell panel 12 facing the first side surface 24. There is. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the first inner side surface 24 and the second inner side surface 25 are planar shapes extending in the vehicle width direction along one side edge of the solar cell panel 12, respectively. As shown in 2, the light incident portions 20 extend parallel to each other in the vertical direction so that the width dimensions W of the light receiving portions 20 are equal in the vertical direction.

The light guide unit 30 is a portion below the solar cell panel 12 that serves as a light guide path for guiding light so that sunlight covers almost the entire lower surface 12b of the solar cell panel 12. The light guide portion 30 extends from the lower end of the light input portion 20 toward the solar cell panel 12, and is formed in a plate shape facing substantially the entire lower surface 12a of the solar cell panel 12. The light guide unit 30 has a first reflecting unit 32, a second reflecting unit 34, and a third reflecting unit 36 that reflect the incident light.

As shown in FIG. 2, the first reflecting portion 32 is provided below the light receiving portion 20, and is formed in an inclined shape from the outside to the inside of the solar cell panel 12 toward the bottom. In the present embodiment, the inner surface of the first reflecting portion 32 is an inclined planar reflecting surface 33. The inclination angle θ1 of the reflection surface 33 with respect to the lower surface of the solar cell panel 12b (in the illustrated example, the same as the inclination angle with respect to the horizontal plane) is set to approximately 45 degrees.

Further, the reflecting surface 33 of the first reflecting portion 32 is subjected to prism processing. By performing prism processing, the traveling direction of the reflected light can be controlled. Therefore, for example, after being reflected by the first reflecting portion 32, the solar cell panel 12 does not pass through the second reflecting portion 34. The amount of light directly incident on the lower surface 12b of the solar panel is increased, or the reflection direction is controlled so that sunlight travels toward the inner side of the second reflecting portion 24 (the third reflecting portion 36 side). can do. In the present embodiment, as shown by the arrow 102, the light incident in parallel with the vertical direction is reflected by the reflecting surface 33 and is controlled so as to be mainly directed to the second reflecting portion 34.

The second reflecting portion 34 has a continuous wave-shaped reflecting surface 35 which is connected to the first reflecting portion 32 and faces the lower surface 12b of the solar cell panel 12 in the vertical direction. In addition, in FIG. 2, in order to explain in an easy-to-understand manner that the reflecting surface 35 has a wavy shape, the unevenness is exaggerated. In a continuous wave shape, the wave height and inclination angle are set to be equal.

In the present embodiment, the reflecting surface 35 has a continuous triangular wave shape, but the shape is not limited to this, and the incident light can be reflected toward the upper solar cell panel 12. It may be a shape, for example, a polygonal shape having a triangle or more such as a pentagonal shape as shown in FIG. 3A, or a curved surface shape as shown in FIG. 3B. In this way, for example, by appropriately changing the wave shape of the reflecting surface 35 according to the shape of the light receiving portion 20 and the other reflecting portions 32, 36, etc., the light receiving amount of the lower surface 12b is optimized, and the light receiving amount on the lower surface 12b side is optimized. The amount of power generated from can be increased.

The third reflecting portion 36 is a portion capable of reflecting the light incident through the first reflecting portion 32 and the second reflecting portion 34 and incident on the lower surface 12b of the solar cell panel 12. In the present embodiment, the third reflecting portion 36 is the first of the second reflecting portions 34 so as to face the lower surface 12b of the solar cell panel 12 in an inclined state at a position separated from the first reflecting portion 32. Extends diagonally upward from the far side end 34a with respect to the reflective portion 32 of.

The reflecting surface 37 constituting the third reflecting portion 36 is formed so as to totally reflect or diffusely reflect the incident light. The inclination angle θ2 of the third reflecting portion 36 with respect to the lower surface 12b of the solar cell panel 12 is preferably set to about 45 degrees.

The roof panel 70 has a light-shielding property, and as shown in FIG. 1, extends from the front window glass 75 of the vehicle to the rear window glass (not shown) in the front-rear direction and the vehicle width direction of the vehicle so as to cover the upper surface of the vehicle interior. It is a plate-shaped member. As described above, in the roof panel 70, a recess 72 capable of accommodating the solar cell module 10 is formed in the installation area. The solar cell module 10 is fixed in the recess 72 by, for example, a fixing means (not shown) provided on the peripheral edge portion. The bottom surface 72b of the recess 72 is formed in a flat shape substantially perpendicular to the vertical direction of the vehicle.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the solar cell module 10 of the present embodiment, in the plan view of the installed state, the light receiving portion 20 provided on the peripheral edge of the solar cell panel 12 extends in the vehicle width direction on the front side of the vehicle. The frame material 16 extends in the front-rear direction on the left and right sides of the vehicle, and extends in the vehicle width direction on the rear side of the vehicle so as to connect these rear ends.

Next, the operation of the vehicle superstructure provided with the above-mentioned solar cell module 10 will be described.

When the solar cell module 10 is exposed to sunlight, sunlight is incident on the upper surface 12a of the solar cell panel 12 via the upper surface protective layer 14 and the upper surface side sealing layer 13a as shown by the arrow 100.

On the other hand, on the outside of the solar cell panel 12, a part of the sunlight incident from the upper surface (light receiving surface) 22 of the light receiving portion 20 of the light guide member 17 travels in the light receiving portion 20 as shown by the arrow 102. Then, it is incident on the first reflecting portion 32, is reflected by the reflecting surface 33, travels in the light guide portion 30, is reflected by the wave-shaped reflecting surface 35 of the second reflecting portion 33, and is a lower surface protective layer. It penetrates through 15 and the lower surface side sealing layer 13b and is incident on the lower surface 12b of the solar cell panel 12.

When the inclination angle θ1 of the first reflecting portion 32 is about 45 degrees and the reflecting surface 33 is not subjected to prism processing, the sunlight incident in parallel in the vertical direction indicated by the arrow 102 is the first. Is reflected by the reflecting portion 32 of the above, travels straight toward the third reflecting portion 36, is reflected by the third reflecting portion 36, and is incident on the lower surface 12b of the solar cell panel 12.

Although not shown, the light incident on the upper surface 22 of the light receiving portion 20 in the oblique direction and reaching the first inner side surface 24 and the second inner side surface 25 is totally reflected by these surfaces, and the lower third surface is reflected. It advances toward the reflection unit 32 of 1 and the reflection unit 36 of the second. By total internal reflection in this way, the incident sunlight can be reliably guided to the lower reflection portion.

Further, although not shown, a part of the sunlight incident from the light receiving portion 20 is reflected by the first reflecting portion 32 and does not pass through the second reflecting portion 34, but the lower surface protective layer 15 and the lower surface. It penetrates the side sealing layer 13b and is incident on the lower surface 12b of the solar cell panel 12. Further, a part of the sunlight incident from the light receiving unit 20 is reflected by the first reflecting unit 32 and the second reflecting unit 34, respectively, and then incident on the third reflecting unit 36, and is incident on the third reflecting unit 36 on the reflecting surface 37. It is reflected and passes through the lower surface protective layer 15 and the lower surface side sealing layer 13b and is incident on the lower surface 12b of the solar cell panel 12.

Further, in the roof portion of the vehicle, sunlight is prevented from entering the vehicle interior by the roof panel 70.

In this way, the solar cell module 10 can guide the light incident from the outside of the peripheral edge of the solar cell panel 12 to the lower surface 12b of the solar cell panel 12 by the light guide member 17, so that the solar cell panel is provided with a through hole. A wider light receiving area of the solar cell panel can be secured as compared with the formed one, and the power generation efficiency can be improved.

Further, since the incident sunlight can be introduced into the second reflecting portion 34 and the third reflecting portion 36, the sunlight is sent to the region behind the lower surface 12b of the solar cell panel 12 away from the light entering portion 20. It can be incident. As a result, the amount of light received on the lower surface 12b can be increased, and the power generation efficiency can be improved.

Further, since the entire lower surface of the solar cell module 10 is covered with the roof panel 70, the presence of the solar cell module 10 does not affect the occupants in the vehicle interior, and the upper surface 12a and the lower surface of the solar cell panel 12 are not affected. It is possible to prevent the intrusion of direct sunlight into the vehicle interior while receiving sunlight at 12b to generate electricity. Further, since the solar cell module 10 is housed in the recess 72, the upper surface of the roof portion can be formed flat.

In the present embodiment, a gap is formed between the solar cell module 10 and the recess 72 of the roof panel 70, but a cushioning material is formed between the solar cell module 10 and the recess 72 so as not to form a gap. Etc. are preferably filled. By forming a gap between the solar cell module 10 and the roof panel 70 or arranging a cushioning material, it is possible to suppress the transmission of vehicle vibration to the solar cell module 10.

Next, a modification example of each member constituting the above-mentioned solar cell module 10 will be described. 4, FIG. 5, FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 are cross-sectional views of the same portions as those in FIG. In FIGS. 4 to 8, the same elements as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

(Modification example 1 of the light receiving part)
FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view showing a modification 1 of the light receiving portion 20 of the light guide member 17. In this modification, the light receiving portion 20 is inclined so that the first inner side surface 24 is inclined from the outside to the inside of the solar cell panel 12 as the first inner side surface 24 goes downward, and the second inner side surface 25 is inclined as the second inner side surface 25 goes downward. It is tilted away from the solar cell panel 12. As a result, the width dimension W of the light receiving portion 20 gradually increases downward.

(Modification example 2 of the light input part)
FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view showing a modification 2 of the light receiving portion 20 of the light guide member 17. In this modification, the first inner side surface 24 of the light receiving portion 20 is inclined from the outside to the inside of the solar cell panel 12 as it goes downward, and the second inner side surface 25 is the solar cell panel 12. It extends substantially perpendicular to the lower surface 12b, and the width dimension W of the light receiving portion 20 gradually increases downward.

In the above-described first and second modifications, the peripheral edge portion 19a of the solar cell unit 19 is inclined so as to correspond to the inclination of the first inner side surface 24.

In the solar cell module 10 of the first modification and the second modification, as shown by the arrow 104 in FIG. 4A and the arrow 105 in FIG. Light incident from a direction inclined from the vertical direction) can be directly incident on the first reflecting portion 32 and the second reflecting portion 34 without passing through the first inner side surface 24 and the second inner side surface 25. .. By making the light receiving portion 20 have such a configuration, even if the first inner side surface 24 and the second inner side surface 25 are not totally reflective surfaces, the sunlight incident from the upper surface 22 is the light guide member 17. It is possible to suppress leakage to the outside and guide a large amount of sunlight to each reflection unit of the light guide unit 30.

(Modification example 3 of the light input part)
In the modified example 3 shown in FIG. 5, the light receiving portion 28 is formed by a part of the solar cell unit 19. Specifically, in the solar cell unit 19, the portion located outside the peripheral edge of the solar cell panel 12 (that is, the side sealing portion 13c of the sealing member 13 and the upper surface protection laminated on the side sealing portion 13c). The layer 14 and a part of the lower surface protective layer 15) form the light receiving portion 28. In the light receiving portion 28, the upper surface 14a of the upper surface protective layer 14 is a light receiving surface of sunlight for the light guide member 17.

The sunlight incident from the light entering portion 28 enters the light guide member 17 from the upper surface 17a of the light guide member 17, and enters the reflecting surface 33 of the first reflecting portion 32. After being reflected by the reflecting surface 33, the sunlight enters the lower surface 12b of the solar cell panel 12 through the second reflecting portion 34 and the third reflecting portion 36, or without passing through the reflecting portions 34 and 36. .. By configuring the light incident unit 28 in this way, the structure of the light guide member 17 can be simplified and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

(Modification example 1 of the first reflecting portion)
FIG. 6A is a diagram showing a modified example 1 of the first reflecting portion 32, and is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a region surrounded by the chain line VI of FIG. In this modification, the reflecting surface 33 of the first reflecting portion 32 is formed by a plurality of inclined planes having different inclination angles with respect to the lower surface 12b of the solar cell panel 12, and in particular, the inclination angle θ becomes downward. _A is set to be small. In the illustrated example, the inclined planes 331, 332, and 333 are continuously formed in order from the upper side to the lower side. The magnitudes _{of the inclination angles θ A1} , θ _A2 , and θ _A3 of the inclined planes 331, 332, and 333 are set so that _{θ A1} > θ _A2 > θ _A3.

In the first reflecting portion 32 of the first modification, the reflecting surface 33 has a reflecting surface 33 as compared with the one formed by one plane having a constant inclination angle as in the first embodiment. The area can be increased, and the amount of light received by the first reflecting unit 32 can be increased. As a result, for example, the amount of light incident on the lower surface 12b of the solar cell panel 12 directly from the first reflecting portion 32 is increased, or the third reflecting portion 32 to the third reflecting portion 34 does not go through the second reflecting portion 34. The amount of light traveling to the reflecting unit 36 can be increased. Incidentally, in the first modification, the reflection surface 33 a stepwise inclination angle theta _A is formed by a plurality of inclined planes become smaller, reflecting surface 33, the inclination angle theta _A becomes smaller substantially toward downward It may be an arcuate curved surface.

(Modification example 2 of the first reflecting portion)
FIG. 6B is a diagram showing a modified example 2 of the first reflecting portion 32, and is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a region surrounded by the chain line VI of FIG. In this modification, the reflective surface 33 has a plurality of acute-angled planes 334,336,338 in which the _{inclination angle θ B} is an acute angle with respect to the lower surface 12b of the solar cell panel 12, _{and the inclination angle θ C} is an obtuse angle with respect to the lower surface 12b. It is formed by combining a plurality of obtuse-angled planes 335 and 337. The acute-angled plane and the obtuse-angled plane alternate in the vertical direction.

The plurality of acute-angled planes 334, 336 and 338 are set so that the _{inclination angle θ B becomes smaller toward the bottom.} In the illustrated example, the magnitudes of the inclination angles θ _B1 , θ _B2 , and θ _B3 of the acute angle planes 334, 336 and 338 are set so that _{θ B1} > θ _B2 > θ _B3.

Further, the plurality of obtuse angle planes 335 and 337 are set so that the _{inclination angle θ C becomes smaller toward the upper side.} In the illustrated example, the magnitudes of the inclination angles θ _C1 and θ _C2 of the obtuse angle planes 335 and 337 are set so that _{θ C1} <θ _C2.

In the first reflecting portion 32 of the modified example 2, the action and effect of the first reflecting portion 32 of the modified example 1 can be obtained, and the reflecting surface 33 is formed into a plurality of acute-angled planes 334, 336 and 338 and a plurality of obtuse-angled planes. By forming with 335 and 337, a larger area of the acute-angled plane can be secured. In the reflecting surface 33, the sharp-angled plane can reflect the incident light from the light receiving portion 20 toward the lower surface 12b of the solar cell panel 12, the second reflecting portion 34, and the third reflecting portion 36, so that the sun can be reflected. The amount of light incident on the lower surface 12b of the battery panel 12 can be increased to improve the power generation efficiency.

_{Further, by reducing the inclination angle θ C} of the obtuse angle planes 335 and 337 toward the upper side, it is possible to prevent the light incident on the acute angle planes 334,336 and 338 from being obstructed by the obtuse angle planes 335 and 337. can.

Although not shown, the reflection surface 33, so as to increase toward the inclination angle theta _C plurality of obtuse planes 335 and 337 upwardly (i.e., the size of the inclination angle theta _C1, theta _C2, It may be set (so that _{θ C1} > θ _C2). In such a case, it is possible to prevent the light entering the light guide member 17 from leaking to the outside.

(Modification example 3 of the first reflecting portion)
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example 3 of the first reflecting portion 32. In FIG. 7, the description of the wave-shaped reflecting surface 35 in the second reflecting portion 34 is omitted. In this modification, the first reflecting portion 32 extends in an inclined manner from the outside of the solar cell panel 12 to just below the lower surface 12b. As shown by the broken line, the lower end 32a of the first reflecting portion 32 located at the innermost side of the solar cell panel 12 is the end portion 22a on the upper surface 22 of the light receiving portion 22 on the far side with respect to the solar cell panel 12 (that is, the end portion 22a). , The upper end of the second inner side surface 25) and the straight line connecting the lower end 24a of the first inner side surface 24 preferably coincide with the portion 110 that intersects the lower surface of the light guide portion 30.

When the inclination angle θ1 of the first reflecting portion 32 is less than 45 degrees as in this modification, the sunlight reflected by the first reflecting portion 32 does not pass through the other reflecting portions 34 and 36. The amount of light that can be incident on the lower surface 12a of the solar cell panel 12 can be increased. In particular, in FIG. 7, the first region indicated by L1 (that is, the region where the perpendicular line extending downward from the lower end 24a of the first inner side surface 24 intersects the lower surface of the light guide portion 30 and the region defined by the portion 110) is On the lower side of the solar cell unit 19, the sunlight incident from the upper surface 22 is not reflected by the reflecting surface and is a region where the incident can be incident. By extending the first reflecting portion 32 to this region, the amount of light that can be directly incident on the solar cell panel 12 from the first reflecting portion 32 can be effectively increased.

Although not shown, the inclination angle θ1 of the first reflecting portion 32 may be set to exceed 45 degrees. In such a case, the light reflected by the first reflecting portion 32 can be guided to the inner side of the solar cell panel 12 (that is, the third reflecting portion 36 side).

(Modification example of the second reflection part)
8A and 8B are views showing a modified example of the second reflecting portion 34, in which FIG. 8A is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 2 showing the first region L1 and the second region L2, and FIG. 8B is FIG. It is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the region surrounded by VIIIb of. In FIG. 8A, the description of the wave-shaped reflecting surface 35 in the second reflecting portion 34 is omitted. In FIG. 8A, in the first region indicated by L1, in the installed state, the light incident on the light guide path from the upper surface 22 of the light entering unit 20 is directly reflected without passing through another reflecting surface. The area that can be introduced into 34 is shown. Further, in the second region represented by L2, unlike the first region L1, the light incident from the upper surface 22 cannot be incident on the second reflecting portion 34 without being reflected by other reflecting surfaces. A region (that is, a region where the light reflected in the light guide member 17 is incident) is shown.

In this modification, a continuous triangular wave-shaped reflecting surface 35 is formed in the second reflecting portion 34, and the wave shape becomes the first reflecting portion as the distance from the first reflecting portion 32 increases. _{The inclination angles θ E1 to θ E6 of the} reflecting surfaces 351 to 356 facing the 32 side are set to increase in order. Further, the wave height H of the wave shape is set to increase as the distance from the first reflecting portion 32 increases.

In the second reflecting portion 34 of this modification, the inclination angles θ _{E1 to θ E6} are increased on the back side of the solar cell panel 12, so that the light is emitted on the back side of the solar cell panel 12. It can be made to be incident in a state close to perpendicular to the lower surface 12b of the twelve. As a result, the amount of light received on the back side of the lower surface 12b can be increased, and the power generation efficiency can be improved.

Further, since the height H of the continuous wave shape is set to be higher on the inner side of the solar cell panel 12, the height H is set to be higher on the inner side of the solar cell panel 12 as compared with the one having the same height H. The amount of light reflected by the reflecting surface 35 of the second reflecting portion 34 toward the lower surface 12b can be increased. As a result, the amount of light received on the inner side of the lower surface 12b can be further increased.

The continuous wave shape setting pattern may be different between the first region L1 and the second region L2. For example, in the wave shape shown in FIG. 8B, _{the magnitudes of the inclination angles θ E1 to θ E6} are set to θ _E1 <θ _E2 <θ _E3, and the inclination angle of the second region L2 is set. θ _E4 <θ _E5 <θ _{E6 , and θ E3} > θ _E4 may be set so that the pattern changes at the boundary between the first region L1 and the second region L2. The change of the setting pattern is not limited to this, and for example, the shape of the wave on the reflecting surface 35 is changed or the height of the wave is changed in the first region L1 and the second region L2 (first region L1). The second region L2 may be higher or lower than the second region L2). Due to such a change in the pattern for each region, for example, in the second reflecting portion 34, in the first region L1, the light incident from the light entering portion 20 without passing through the first reflecting portion 32 is emitted from the solar panel 12 In the second region L2, after being reflected by the first reflecting portion 32, it is reflected by the second reflecting portion 34 so as to be incident on the lower surface 12b of the above surface in a state close to perpendicular to the lower surface 12b. It can be adjusted to be incident.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the upper part of the vehicle provided with the solar cell module 10 according to the second embodiment. In FIG. 9, the same elements as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In the present embodiment, the light input portions 20-1, 20-2, 20-3, 20-4 of the light guide member 17 are provided so as to surround the four sides of the solar cell unit 19. A first reflecting portion 32 is formed below each of the light entering portions 20-1, 20-2, 20-3, and 20-4, and the light guide member 17 is formed on the lower surface side in a plan view. The shape is such that the periphery (four sides) of the substantially quadrangular second reflecting portion 34 is surrounded by the first reflecting portion 32. Further, the light guide member 17 of the present embodiment does not have the third reflecting portion 36. In this way, by providing the upper surface 22 (light receiving surface for introducing sunlight downward) of the light receiving portion 20 so as to surround the entire peripheral edge of the solar cell panel 12, the lower surface 12b of the solar cell panel 12 is irradiated. The amount of light emitted can be increased, and the amount of power generated by the solar cell panel 12 can be increased.

The light input portion 20 may be provided on at least one side portion of the four side portions of the substantially square solar cell panel 12. Further, when the light receiving portion 20 is provided on two of the four side portions facing each other, the configuration may be such that the third reflecting portion 36 is not provided.

In each of the first and second embodiments described above, it is possible to apply one or more of the modified examples shown in FIGS. 4 to 8 in combination.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and modifications, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, the solar cell module 10 may be installed in a sunroof device provided on the roof portion of the vehicle instead of the roof panel 70. It is preferable that the sunroof device is slidable so as to open and close the opening formed in the roof portion, and includes a light-shielding panel that covers the lower surface of the solar cell module 10.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, an example in which the reflecting surface 33 of the first reflecting portion 32 is subjected to prism processing is shown, but the prism processing is performed on the first and second inner side surfaces 24, 25, and the second. It is also possible to apply it to each of the reflecting portion 34 and the third reflecting portion 36.

Further, the light guide member 17 is at least one of the first and second inner side surfaces 24 and 25 of the light receiving unit 20, the first reflecting unit 32, the second reflecting unit 34 and the third reflecting unit 36. The reflectance may be improved by depositing aluminum or the like on the reflective surface, or the reflectance may be improved by performing two-color molding with a white resin or the like on the reflective surface.

10 Solar cell module 12 Solar cell panel 12b Lower surface of solar cell panel 13 Sealing member 14 Upper surface protective layer 15 Lower surface protective layer 17 Light guide member 20 Light input unit 30 Light guide unit 32 First reflective unit 34 Second reflective unit 36 Third reflector 70 Roof panel 72 Recess

Claims (5)

In a solar cell module that is installed on the roof of a vehicle and has a solar cell panel that can receive light from both the top and bottom surfaces and converts sunlight into electrical energy.
A light guide member arranged on the lower surface side of the solar cell panel and guiding the light incident from the light input portion provided on the outer side of the peripheral edge portion of the solar cell panel to the lower surface of the solar cell panel is provided .
The light receiving portion is provided on a part of the outer periphery of the peripheral portion of the solar cell panel.
The light guide member is
A first unit that is provided below the light entry portion, is formed in an inclined shape from the outside to the inside of the solar cell panel as it goes downward, and has a reflecting surface that reflects light incident from the light entry portion. Reflective part and
A second reflecting portion which is connected to the first reflecting portion and faces the lower surface of the solar cell panel and has a continuous wave-shaped reflecting surface.
It has a first reflecting portion and a third reflecting portion that reflects light incident through the second reflecting portion and causes it to enter the lower surface of the solar cell panel.
The third reflecting portion is provided below the peripheral edge portion of the solar cell panel where the light receiving portion is not provided, and is opposed to the lower surface of the solar cell panel in an inclined state. A solar cell module characterized in that it extends obliquely upward from an end portion of the portion on the distant side with respect to the first reflecting portion. The light receiving portion is provided on the outside of the peripheral edge portion of one of the four sides of the solar cell panel formed in the shape of a quadrangular plate.
The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the third reflecting portion is provided on the side of the four sides of the solar cell panel facing the one side. The light input portion is formed integrally with the reflection portion of the light guide member arranged on the lower surface side of the solar cell panel, extends in the vertical direction on the outside of the peripheral edge portion of the solar cell panel, and collects all the incident light. The solar cell module according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the solar cell module has an inner surface that reflects light. The light receiving portion is formed integrally with the reflecting portion of the light guide member arranged on the lower surface side of the solar cell panel, extends in the vertical direction on the outside of the peripheral edge portion of the solar cell panel, and extends downward. The solar cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the width dimension is gradually increased. A vehicle superstructure provided with the solar cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
A vehicle superstructure which is arranged on the vehicle interior side of the light guide member and includes a light-shielding panel capable of covering the entire lower surface of the solar cell module.

Images