JP6918355B2 - How to make non-combustible furniture - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing fittings and furniture using nonflammable or flame-retardant wood.

Wood is the main material for building Japanese houses, and not only the pillars and beams that form the frame of the house, but also the flooring and ceiling materials are made of wood. Most of the furniture (for example, chests of drawers, tables, desks, etc.) provided in the house is made of wood.
Wood is light, easy to handle, and easy to process.
Furthermore, wood has excellent heat insulation, sound insulation, and electrical insulation, and also has a humidity control effect, so it is indispensable as a material for Japanese building materials, fittings, and furniture.

On the other hand, many of the grounds on which houses are built are prepared with moist fields and paddy fields, and if the wood is kept humid for a long period of time, such as around water in kitchens and toilets, the wood will rot. Or mold. In addition, it often causes a decrease in the strength of the house due to feeding damage such as termites.
Furthermore, since wood is flammable, there are problems such as being vulnerable to fire when used in houses, fittings and furniture.

The "silica-impregnated wood and manufacturing method" according to JP-A-8-207016 targets building wood having high strength, antiseptic, insect-proof, ant-proof, antifungal and flame-retardant properties. Therefore, to prevent the dried wood from joining, the material is sandwiched and tied with a string, and the wood is placed in the impregnation chamber and sealed. The cock is operated to reduce the pressure in the impregnation chamber and the inside of the wood structure of the wood. Next, the impregnation solution in the container (a colloidal solution in which a boron compound is mixed with a colloidal solution of silica fine particles) is immersed in the wood in the impregnated chamber under reduced pressure, and then the impregnation chamber is returned to normal pressure to impregnate the impregnated solution into the wood structure. Impregnate. Then, the wood is taken out and dried at 60 ° C. or lower.

By the way, wood can be housed in an impregnation chamber, and a colloidal solution obtained by mixing a boron compound with a colloidal solution of silica fine particles as an impregnation solution can be impregnated into the cavity of the wood structure. Therefore, it is possible to produce wood that is nonflammable and has antiseptic properties, insect repellent properties, anti-termite properties, and antifungal properties.
However, it is not easy to cut or cut the wood subjected to such non-combustible treatment to a predetermined size by a woodworking machine. That is, the cutting edge of the tool is fixed with wood chips containing a non-flammable agent or a flame retardant, which impairs machinability.
Therefore, it is required to perform non-combustible treatment in the state of individual members processed in advance to a size that can be assembled, and workability is deteriorated, which is very troublesome.

"Building wood member impregnated with flame retardant and its flame retardant" according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-303060 is effective against fire by impregnating the wood member with a flame retardant or a flame retardant. It is a chemical that obtains a combustible wooden member for construction, suppresses smoke generation as the above-mentioned non-combustible agent and flame retardant, reduces residual flame, and eliminates the generation of harmful substances.
That is, the pH of an aqueous solution of a condensate of phosphoric acid and urea is adjusted with aqueous ammonia, and ammonium borate and ammonium sulfamate are added.

The "flame retardant and the wooden member for construction impregnated with the flame retardant" according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-106294 suppresses smoke generation in the event of a fire, extremely reduces residual flames, and eliminates the generation of harmful substances. Alternatively, it is a building wood member impregnated and coated with a flame retardant or a flame retardant that can obtain a flame-retardant building wood member.
That is, in order to realize a non-flammable or flame-retardant building wood member that is effective against fire, a flame retardant made by adding boric acid and borax to the supernatant liquid of Shirasu is prepared and injected under pressure into the wood. Let me.

As mentioned above, non-combustible wood is not easy to cut or cut to a predetermined size with a conventional woodworking machine, so the non-combustible material is the pillars and boards that make up the building. limited. When it comes to small parts such as furniture and fittings, it is difficult to assemble them as they are in a non-combustible state. That is, the non-combustible treatment changes the dimensions and shape, and some correction processing is required.

"Silica-impregnated wood and manufacturing method" according to JP-A-8-207016. "Fire retardant and wood member for construction impregnated with the flame retardant" according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-303060. "Fire retardant and wood member for construction impregnated with the flame retardant" according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-106294.

In this way, in order to make wood incombustible, it is manufactured by impregnating wood with a flame retardant such as boric acid. Therefore, equipment for impregnation is required, and the cost of the treated non-combustible material is inevitably high. In addition, it is difficult to cut and cut non-combustible materials with a conventional woodworking machine.
The problem to be solved by the present invention is this problem, and provides furniture and fittings manufactured by processing non-combustible or flame-retardant wood without requiring large equipment. Then, a woodworking machine used when processing these furniture and fittings is provided.

The furniture and fittings according to the present invention are manufactured using nonflammable or flame-retardant wood. In this case, the individual members that make up furniture and fittings are generally not flame-retardant or flame-retardant at the final stage of processing into a predetermined shape, but are cut or cut from large wood that is flame-retardant or flame-retardant. Is made. Therefore, special woodworking machines capable of processing non-flammable or flame-retardant wood are used.
There are innumerable types of furniture and fittings in a bite, but the present invention does not particularly limit the types of furniture and fittings.

By the way, as a method of non-flammable treatment or flame retardant treatment, a large wood can be submerged in a bathtub (impregnation chamber) and impregnated with the non-flammable agent or the flame retardant. In addition, it is impregnated with a non-flammable agent or a flame retardant at the stage of standing trees living in the mountains.
That is, by providing a thin hole on the outer periphery of the root of the standing tree facing the central axis and injecting the above-mentioned non-flammable agent or flame retardant into this hole, the tree is alive and therefore together with water and nutrients sucked up from the root. The injected non-flammable agent or flame retardant can be sucked up.

On the other hand, the woodworking machine of the present invention can handle non-combustible wood and flame-retardant wood in the same manner as general wood, that is, cut so that it is easy to cut and easy to cut. The blades and cutting blades are heated. Since the cutting blade and cutting blade cannot be heated directly, if the heater is housed inside the spindle to which these cutting blades and cutting blades (tools) are attached, heat conduction from the spindle will be used as described above. Cutting blades and cutting blades get hot.

The furniture and fittings of the present invention are manufactured using non-combustible wood or flame-retardant wood. Therefore, even if a fire breaks out for some reason, the burning of furniture and fittings is suppressed, which has the effect of suppressing the fire in the house as much as possible.
The fire rarely ignites directly from the building itself, and in general, the fire ignites from the appliances placed in the building, so the furniture and fittings are hard to burn, and the effect of suppressing the fire in the building is great.
And since the woodworking machine of the present invention can cut or cut even non-combustible materials and flame-retardant materials in the same way as general wood, individual members are processed to make furniture and fittings. It can be manufactured relatively efficiently.

A table made of non-combustible material. A specific example of a woodworking machine that processes non-combustible materials. A specific example in which a heater is housed in a spindle to which a disk cutter is attached. When multiple holes are provided at the lower end of the trunk of a tree. When installing by fitting the mouth of a bottle containing non-combustible material into the hole provided in the trunk.

FIG. 1 is a specific example showing a general table which is one of furniture, and the table is composed of a top plate 1 and four legs 2, 2 ... Supporting the top plate 1.
By the way, the table is assembled using a non-combustible material or a flame-retardant material, and therefore the table placed in the room does not burn immediately even if the house becomes a fire. Therefore, it takes time to burn the house itself, and the lives of the people who live in it are often saved.

There are many pieces of furniture placed in the room, and the members that make up the fittings are also made of non-combustible or flame-retardant materials, which has a great effect on suppressing fire. Non-combustible or flame-retardant wood has been conventionally known, but in the conventional technique, for example, when the table shown in FIG. 1 is made of non-combustible material or flame-retardant material, the top plate 1 and legs 2 in the assembly stage are used. It is processed in the state of each member that has been cut and cut into 2 ...
Therefore, no processing is performed after processing such as non-combustibility, and the work is simply assembling.

However, when performing treatment such as non-combustibility, the processed member is dipped in an impregnation tank containing a non-combustible agent, and the top plate 1 and legs 2, 2 ... Impregnated with the non-combustible agent are sufficiently dried before assembly. necessary. The top plate 1 and the legs 2, 2 ... Are manufactured by cutting and cutting wood made from dried raw wood to a predetermined size, and impregnated with the processed members having individual shapes in this way. When placed in a tank for non-combustible treatment, its workability is very poor. Moreover, if the top plate 1 and the legs 2, 2 ... Are deformed again if they are immersed in a liquid containing a non-combustible agent and then dried, they cannot be assembled as they are.

Therefore, in the present invention, the top plate 1 and the legs 2, 2 ... Process to 2 ... The wood that has been treated such as non-combustible is then sufficiently dried and then processed into the top plate 1 and legs 2, 2 ... Therefore, the processed top plate 1 and legs 2, 2 ... Is immediately assembled on the table using.

FIG. 2 is a specific example of the woodworking machine of the present invention, in which 3 is a disk cutter, 4 is a table, and non-combustible wood is placed on the table 4 and rotates at high speed. Is cut to a predetermined size. Here, the disk cutter 3 is heated and kept at a high temperature. Since the heater cannot be directly attached to the disk cutter 3 to heat it, the spindle 5 to which the disk cutter 3 is attached is heated.

As shown in FIG. 3, the heater 7 is housed in the space 6 provided in the central shaft portion of the spindle 5 to which the disk cutter 3 is attached, and the spindle 5 is heated by the heater 7 to heat the spindle. The heat of 5 is conducted to the disk cutter 3 and becomes high temperature.
In this way, if the disk cutter 3 is heated to a high temperature, the debris of the wood impregnated with the incombustible agent does not stick to the disk cutter 3, and the wood is smoothly cut by the disk cutter 3. ..

That is, it is possible to cut in the same manner as when cutting ordinary wood that has not been subjected to non-combustible treatment. Therefore, the top plate 1 and the legs 2, 2 ... Cut to a predetermined size by the disk cutter 3 can be assembled by cutting the surface cleanly thereafter. Even in the case of a woodworking machine for cutting that can cleanly cut the surface, the cutting edge (tool) is similarly heated and kept at a high temperature.

The present invention is intended for all woodworking machines, and by heating the attached tool, wood debris containing non-combustible agent does not stick, and non-combustible wood is processed in the same way as ordinary wood. It becomes possible.
By the way, wood to be subjected to non-combustible treatment is generally carried out by immersing a sawn material in an impregnation tank, but it is also possible to impregnate a non-combustible agent in the state of a tree.

FIG. 4 is an example showing a method of growing flame-retardant wood, and a plurality of holes 9a, 9a ..., 9b, 9b ... Are provided at the lower end of the tree 8. These holes 9a, 9a ..., 9b, 9b ... Are provided at the lower end of the trunk 11 near the ground 10, and the holes 9a, 9a ... Are located at a height A from the ground 10. The interval (pitch) is a. The holes 9b, 9b ... Are located at a height B from the ground, and the interval (pitch) is b.

That is, the holes 9a, 9a ... Are provided along the outer peripheral surface 12 of the trunk 11 over the entire circumference with a pitch a, and the holes 9b, 9b ... Are pitched along the outer peripheral surface 12 of the trunk 11. It is provided over the entire circumference with b. The holes 9a, 9a ..., 9b, 9b ... Are inclined downward and extend toward the central axis of the trunk 11.
Here, the size and number of the holes 9a, 9a ..., 9b, 9b ... Are not particularly limited and can be determined according to the thickness of the trunk 11.

By the way, a flame retardant or a flame retardant is injected into each of these holes 9a, 9a ..., 9b, 9b ... It is sucked up along.
FIG. 5 shows a state in which the mouth 15 of the bottle 14 filled with the incombustible agent 13 is inserted into the hole 9a and attached. The hole 9a of the bottle 14 is inclined toward the central axis so that the mouth 15 is downward.

Therefore, the non-combustible agent 13 contained in the bottle 14 flows out from the mouth 15, and the hole 9a is filled with the non-combustible agent 13. Innumerable canals extend continuously to the trunk 11, so that the incombustible agent 13 filled in the hole 9a is sucked upward through the canals, and the incombustible agent 13 fills almost the entire area of the trunk 11. It goes around.
When the incombustible agent 13 in the bottle 14 is emptied, the incombustible agent 13 injected into the inclined hole 9a becomes only the central shaft portion, and there is no incombustible agent 13 in the outer peripheral portion of the trunk 11. Therefore, since the incombustible agent 13 does not permeate the outer peripheral portion of the trunk 11, care must be taken not to empty the bottle 14 so as not to cause such a situation.

The holes 9a, 9a ... Are provided on the entire circumference of the trunk 11 at a constant pitch a, and the holes 9b, 9b ... Are also provided on the entire circumference of the trunk 11 at a constant pitch b.
Here, the positional relationship between the holes 9a and the holes 9b is not the same, but the holes 9a are offset by half a pitch, and the holes 9b are provided at intermediate positions between the holes 9a and 9a. That is, the holes 9a and 9b are not located on the same canal, and by shifting the positions by 1/2 pitch in the circumferential direction, more holes 9a, 9a ..., 9b, 9b ...・ It becomes possible to provide.

Of course, if the holes 9a, 9a ... And the holes 9b, 9b ... Are provided at the same height, the strength of the trunk 11 decreases, and there is a high possibility that the trunk 11 will collapse when a strong wind blows.
Here, the above-mentioned nonflammable agent or flame retardant used in the present invention is used, and the type thereof is not limited, but boric acid is generally suitable. A solution prepared by dissolving the boric acid in an appropriate concentration can be packed in a bottle 14 and used.

By the way, in the above embodiment, the mouth of the bottle 14 containing the incombustible agent is inserted into the hole 9a, but the bottle 14 is not necessarily limited to the bottle 14, and other containers can be used. It is also possible to pour the non-combustible agent into the hole 9a without using a container such as a bottle.

1 Top plate 2 Legs 3 Disc cutter 4 Table 5 Main shaft 6 Space 7 Heater 8 Tree 9 Hole
10 ground
11 trunk
12 Peripheral surface
13 Non-combustible agent
14 bottles
15 mouths

Claims (1)

In the method of manufacturing furniture or fittings made of nonflammable or flame retardant wood , the outer peripheral surface of the trunk of a living tree has a plurality of holes inclined downward at the lower end near the ground and extends toward the central axis. , A non-flammable agent or a flame retardant is packed in a bottle and injected by inserting the mouth of the bottle into this hole, and holes 2a, 2a ... Holes 2b, 2b ... The flame retardant or flame retardant is sucked up along a plurality of conduits formed in the trunk to spread almost the entire trunk, and the non-flammable or flame-retardant tree is cut or cut. A heater is provided on the spindle to which a tool of a woodworking machine for machining is attached, and the tool is machined in a heated state by conducting heat from the spindle, and each part having a predetermined size and shape is assembled. Manufacturing method of furniture or fittings.

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