JP6914854B2 - 第1の物体にコネクタを固定するための方法および装置 - Google Patents
第1の物体にコネクタを固定するための方法および装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6914854B2 JP6914854B2 JP2017562282A JP2017562282A JP6914854B2 JP 6914854 B2 JP6914854 B2 JP 6914854B2 JP 2017562282 A JP2017562282 A JP 2017562282A JP 2017562282 A JP2017562282 A JP 2017562282A JP 6914854 B2 JP6914854 B2 JP 6914854B2
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- connector
- distal
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- building layer
- tool
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- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
- B29C66/742—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to metals or their alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
- B29C66/824—Actuating mechanisms
- B29C66/8242—Pneumatic or hydraulic drives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
- B29C66/922—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by measuring the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
- B29C66/9221—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by measuring the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by measuring the pressure, the force or the mechanical power
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
- B29C66/922—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by measuring the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
- B29C66/9231—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by measuring the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by measuring the displacement of the joining tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
- B29C66/924—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
- B29C66/9241—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
- B29C66/924—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
- B29C66/9241—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power
- B29C66/92441—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power the pressure, the force or the mechanical power being non-constant over time
- B29C66/92443—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power the pressure, the force or the mechanical power being non-constant over time following a pressure-time profile
- B29C66/92445—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power the pressure, the force or the mechanical power being non-constant over time following a pressure-time profile by steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
- B29C66/929—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools characterized by specific pressure, force, mechanical power or displacement values or ranges
- B29C66/9292—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools characterized by specific pressure, force, mechanical power or displacement values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. pressure diagrams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
- B29C66/929—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools characterized by specific pressure, force, mechanical power or displacement values or ranges
- B29C66/9292—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools characterized by specific pressure, force, mechanical power or displacement values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. pressure diagrams
- B29C66/92921—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools characterized by specific pressure, force, mechanical power or displacement values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. pressure diagrams in specific relation to time, e.g. pressure-time diagrams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/95—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94
- B29C66/951—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
- E04B1/388—Separate connecting elements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
- F16B5/01—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of fastening elements specially adapted for honeycomb panels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
- F16B5/08—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of welds or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2793/00—Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation
- B29C2793/0045—Perforating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
- B29C65/64—Joining a non-plastics element to a plastics element, e.g. by force
- B29C65/645—Joining a non-plastics element to a plastics element, e.g. by force using friction or ultrasonic vibrations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/10—Building elements, e.g. bricks, blocks, tiles, panels, posts, beams
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
- F16B5/04—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of riveting
Description
‐第1の物体とコネクタとを準備すること、
‐コネクタを第1の物体にその遠位側から接触させること、
‐コネクタの近位方向に向く端が少なくとも部分的に流動可能であり、熱可塑性材料の流動部を形成するまで、物体とコネクタとが互いに押圧されながら、第1の物体に機械振動エネルギーを、遠位側に対向するその近位端面から衝突させ、流動部を第1の物体の構造に流入させること、および、
‐流動部を再固化させて、第1の物体とコネクタとの間を確実に嵌合接続させることを含む。
これに適した貫通可能な材料は、少なくとも本発明による方法の条件下では固体である。それは、液化した材料を流入させ、または固定のために押圧されることができる(実際のまたは潜在的な)空間をさらに含む。それは、例えば、繊維状もしくは多孔質であるか、または、例えば、適切な機械加工もしくはコーティング(貫通用の実際の空間)によって製造される貫通可能な表面構造を含む。あるいは、貫通可能な材料は、液状熱可塑性材料の静水圧下でこのような空間を成長させることができ、これは周囲条件下では貫通可能でない、またはごくわずかな程度でしかなくてもよいことを意味する。この特性(貫通用の潜在的な空間を有する)は、例えば、機械抵抗の面での不均一性の意味を含む。この性質を有する材料の例は、細孔が細孔から押し出されることができる材料で充填された多孔質材料であり、軟質材料と硬質材料との複合材料であるか、または構成物質間の界面接着性が、貫通液化材料によって及ぼされる力よりも小さい異種材料である。したがって、一般に、貫通可能な材料は、構造(孔、空洞などの「空の」空間)または材料組成(変位可能な材料または分離可能な材料)に関して、不均一性を含む。
‐コネクタは足部を含み得、第2の物体は、第1の物体の遠位方向に向く表面部と足部との間に締め付けられる。
‐第1の物体とコネクタとを準備すること、
‐コネクタを第1の物体にその遠位側から接触させること、
‐コネクタの近位方向に向く端と接触する第1の物体の一部が少なくとも部分的に流動可能であり、熱可塑性材料の流動部を形成するまで、該物体とコネクタとが互いに押圧されながら、第1の物体に機械振動エネルギーを、遠位側に対向するその近位端面から衝突させ、流動部をコネクタの構造に流入させること、および、
‐流動部を再固化させて、第1の物体とコネクタとの間を確実に嵌合接続させることを含む。
従来技術の超音波溶接または「ウッド溶接」プロセスとは対照的に、プロセスの間に第1の物体に対するソノトロードの移動は必要ではない。むしろ、第1の物体に対してコネクタを打ち込む前方移動は、コネクタに作用する押圧工具によって引き起こされ得るが、ソノトロードは、実質的に静止したままである。本発明は、また、特に本明細書に記載され、請求される方法を実施するための装置に関する。より詳細には、このような装置は、
‐機械振動を発生させるためのソノトロードに接続された振動発生装置と、
‐ソノトロードに対してコネクタを移動するための工具に接続された駆動機構と、ならびに、
‐振動発生装置および駆動機構に接続され、駆動機構の動作および振動発生装置の振動発生を制御するように備えられた制御ユニットとを含み得る。
コネクタは熱可塑性材料を含む。実施形態では、コネクタは熱可塑性材料からなる。
一般に、コネクタは、上述した任意の頭部または足部および/または可能なさらなる段差またはテーパを有する、実質的にピン形状またはボルト形状(すなわち、シャフト部を有する)であり得る。次に、コネクタの軸線は、シート部および取り付け面に対してほぼ垂直に延在するようにされる。しかし、コネクタは必ずしも円形の断面を有する必要はない。むしろ、それは、例えば、細長い、多角形、T字形、H形、U形などの異なる形状を有し得る。
本発明による方法の実施形態に適した機械振動または発振は、好ましくは、2〜200kHz(さらに好ましくは10〜100kHz、または20〜40kHz)の周波数および0.2〜20W/活性表面の平方ミリメートルの振動エネルギーを有することが好ましい。振動工具(例えば、ソノトロード)は、例えば、その接触面が主に工具軸(縦振動)方向に振動し、振幅が1〜100μm、好ましくは約30〜60μmになるように設計される。このような好ましい振動は、例えば、超音波溶接から知られた、例えば、超音波装置によって生成される。
‐コネクタは、管状ではなくピン状のシャフト部を有する。
図3は、図2のものと同様の構成を示し、第2の物体2が金属フレームであり、シート部21が金属フレームの一部である。図3の3つのパネルは、プロセスのステップ(左から右へ)、すなわち、第1および第2の物体1、2およびコネクタ3を互いに対して位置決めするステップ、機械振動の開始(すなわち、コネクタに衝突するエネルギーの初期段階)、および機械振動と押圧力が停止する段階をそれぞれ示す。
‐第1に、発泡体材料が圧縮されるので、ソノトロード6とコネクタ3の近位端との間の距離が減少し、それによって、機械的エネルギーが移送されなければならない距離が減少する。
‐第3に、圧縮により、コネクタの近位方向への前方移動に対する機械抵抗が徐々に増大し、そしてこれにより、中間層13との界面におけるポテンシャルエネルギー吸収が増加する。
‐第2の(遠位)建造物層12は省略することができ、すなわち、実施形態は第2の建造物層なしで第1の物体に対しても機能する。
‐ソノトロード6と接触する第1の物体の近位端面は元の状態のままであり、
‐その熱可塑性流動部は、ソノトロードと接触する第1の物体のこの近位端面には到達せず、ソノトロードと接触せず、および/または、
‐流動部の流動は、第1の物体の近位層(例えば、第1の建造物層11)によって閉じ込められる。
‐第1の物体とコネクタとを準備し、コネクタは第1の物体とは別個であり、近位端と遠位端との間に延在し、コネクタ本体5を含み、コネクタ本体は遠位方向に向く打ち抜き縁を形成し、コネクタおよび第1の物体の少なくとも1つは、固体状態の熱可塑性材料4を含むステップと、
‐遠位端が第1の物体1の遠位方向に向く表面と物理的に接触するように、第1の物体に対してコネクタ3を位置するステップと、
‐コネクタを第1の物体1の材料内に打ち込み、コネクタが第1の物体の一部を通ってその遠位側から近位側に延在し、第1の物体の材料がコネクタ本体によって打ち抜かれるまで、およびコネクタ本体が固体のままである間に、熱可塑性材料4の少なくとも流動部35が流動性になり、コネクタと第1の物体とに対して流動するまで、機械振動を第1の物体に近位側から接続するステップと、ならびに、
‐熱可塑性材料の流動部を再固化させるステップとを含む。
この方法は、図15aに説明するように、第1の物体2に対して第2の物体を位置決めすることをさらに含み得、第1の物体1の材料に打ち込まれるステップにおいて、コネクタ3は、また、第2の物体2またはその開口部を通って打ち込まれて、第1および第2の物体を互いに接続する。
‐低い力、過度の押圧がなく、異なるコネクタ間のシート材料の膨らみ効果がない、
‐特に、重なり合うシート材料の面で接着剤と組み合わせて使用される場合、応力誘導向上エージングおよび腐食割れについてのリスクを低減する最小残留応力、
‐例えば、第2の物体が貫通孔を有する場合、許容範囲の補償、
‐コネクタの熱可塑性部品が160℃未満のガラス転移温度を有する場合、自動車用途における電気泳動堆積(EPD)プロセスの間に熱応力を補償することもでき得る。
‐工具153によって及ぼされる力および/または圧力;および/または、
‐工具の位置および/またはコネクタの位置。
Claims (24)
- 第1の物体にコネクタを固定する方法であって、
前記コネクタを前記第1の物体に最初に接触させる前記第1の物体の側を該第1の物体の遠位側、前記第1の物体の前記遠位側とは反対側を前記第1の物体の近位側とし、
前記コネクタは固体状態の熱可塑性材料を含み、
前記方法は、
‐前記第1の物体と前記コネクタとを準備すること、
‐前記コネクタを前記第1の物体に、該第1の物体の遠位側から接触させること、
‐コネクタの近位方向に向く部分が少なくとも部分的に流動可能であり、前記熱可塑性材料の流動部を形成するまで、前記第1の物体と前記コネクタとが互いに押圧されながら、前記第1の物体に機械振動エネルギーを、前記遠位側に対向する前記第1の物体の近位端面から衝突させ、前記流動部を前記第1の物体の構造に流入させ、前記コネクタの遠位部では熱可塑性材料の液化が起こらないこと、および、
‐前記流動部を再固化させて、前記第1の物体と前記コネクタとの間を確実に嵌合接続させることを含む、方法。 - 前記第1の物体の近位端面を、前記コネクタがこの近位端面から遠位方向に停止されることにより、元の状態のままにする、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の物体は、第1の近位建造物層、第2の遠位建造物層、および前記第1の建造物層と前記第2の建造物層との間の芯材を含むサンドイッチ板であり、
接触させるステップおよびエネルギーを衝突させるステップでは、前記コネクタは、前記第2の建造物層および前記芯材を通過されるが第1の建造物層によって停止され、
コネクタの近位方向に向く部分は、前記第1の建造物層の遠位表面に対して押圧された前記コネクタの近位端を含み、
前記流動部は、前記第1の建造物層の前記遠位表面に沿って少なくとも部分的に流動する、請求項1または2に記載の方法。 - 前記第1の物体に機械振動エネルギーを衝突させるステップの間に、前記コネクタは前記第1の物体の遠位面の開口部内に突出する、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記コネクタによって前記第1の物体に第2の物体を固定することを含む、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の物体は、固定後に前記第1の物体の遠位取り付け面に当たるシート部を含む、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記シート部は、前記取り付け面と前記コネクタの足部の近位方向に向く当接面との間に締め付けられる、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の物体は金属プロファイルを含む、請求項5〜7のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の物体と前記コネクタとが同時に複数のコネクタのために互いに押圧されている間に、機械振動エネルギーを前記第1の物体に衝突させるステップを実行することを含む、請求項5〜8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記コネクタが共通の第2の物体によって保持され、前記第2の物体が前記コネクタに押圧される力に対する反作用力が前記第2の物体に適用される、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の物体内の前記第1の物体の材料を変形および/または変位させるステップを含む、請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記コネクタの一部が少なくとも部分的に流動可能になるまで前記機械振動を作用させるステップにおいて、前記流動部が流動する構造は、前記第1の物体の変形された部分および/または変位された部分の構造を含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の物体の材料を圧縮して圧縮材料を生成し、前記圧縮材料および/またはその近傍に前記コネクタを固定することを含む、請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 固体状態の熱可塑性材料を含む第1の物体にコネクタを固定する方法であって、
前記コネクタを前記第1の物体に最初に接触させる前記第1の物体の側を該第1の物体の遠位側、前記第1の物体の前記遠位側とは反対側を前記第1の物体の近位側とし、
前記方法は、
‐前記第1の物体および前記コネクタを準備すること、
‐前記コネクタを前記第1の物体の遠位側から前記第1の物体と接触させること、
‐コネクタの近位方向に向く端と接触する前記第1の物体の一部が少なくとも部分的に流動可能であり、前記熱可塑性材料の流動部を形成するまで、前記第1の物体と前記コネクタとが互いに押圧されながら、前記第1の物体に機械振動エネルギーを、前記遠位側に対向する前記第1の物体の近位端面から衝突させ、前記流動部を前記コネクタの構造に流入させること、ならびに、
‐前記流動部を再固化させて、前記第1の物体と前記コネクタとの間を確実に嵌合接続させることを含む、方法。 - 機械振動エネルギーを前記第1の物体に衝突させるステップは、振動工具を前記第1の物体に当てることを含み、機械振動エネルギーを前記第1の物体に衝突させるステップの間の前記振動工具は静止している、請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 非振動工具を使用して、前記第1の物体に対して前記コネクタを近位方向に押圧することを含む、請求項1〜15のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記非振動工具および/または前記コネクタの位置、前記コネクタが前記第1の物体に押圧される押圧力の少なくとも1つに基づいて、前記機械振動エネルギーを制御することを含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記機械振動エネルギーは、前記押圧力が閾値を超えた場合にのみオンにされる、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 第1の物体にコネクタを固定するための装置であって、
‐機械振動を発生させるための振動工具に接続された振動発生装置と、
‐前記振動工具に対して前記コネクタを動かすための工具に接続された駆動機構と、
‐前記振動発生装置および前記駆動機構に接続され、前記駆動機構の動作および前記振動発生装置の振動発生を制御するように備えられた制御ユニットとを含み、
前記振動発生装置は静止して取り付けられている、装置。 - 前記振動工具および/または前記コネクタの位置を直接または間接的に検知するための第1の検知手段をさらに含み、前記制御ユニットは、前記第1の検知手段に接続され、前記第1の検知手段から受信された信号に基づいて位置情報を得るように備えられている、請求項19に記載の装置。
- 前記工具によって前記コネクタに及ぼされる力を直接的または間接的に検知するための第2の検知手段をさらに含み、前記制御ユニットは前記第2の検知手段に接続され、前記第2の検知手段から受信した信号に基づいて押圧力情報を得る、請求項19または20に記載の装置。
- 前記第1の物体が固定のために位置されるための当接面を含み、前記振動工具は、前記振動工具のアウトカップリング面が前記当接面とほぼ面一になるように前記当接面に一体化される、請求項19〜21のいずれか1項に記載の装置。
- 横方向に離間した位置で前記当接面に組み込まれた複数の振動工具を含む、請求項22に記載の装置。
- 前記当接面は、上向きの作業台によって構成される、請求項22または23に記載の装置。
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