JP6912092B2 - 粉末床溶融結合造形物及びその作製方法 - Google Patents
粉末床溶融結合造形物及びその作製方法 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
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- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B22F10/38—Process control to achieve specific product aspects, e.g. surface smoothness, density, porosity or hollow structures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B29C64/268—Arrangements for irradiation using laser beams; using electron beams [EB]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
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- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description
本実施形態に係る粉末床溶融結合造形物を、その作製方法及び作製装置と共に説明する。
式(1)において、Eはレーザ光のエネルギー密度(J/m3)であり、Pはレーザ光の出力(W)であり、Vはレーザ光の走査速度(m/s)であり、SSはレーザ光の走査間隔(m)であり、eは粉末材料8の薄層の厚さ(m)である。
第1実施形態では、n層の粉末材料の薄層の造形領域にレーザ光を照射する際に、n層の粉末材料の薄層のうち、最下層の薄層の造形領域の全体、中間層の薄層の造形領域のうちのはみ出し部及び重なり部、及び最上層の薄層の造形領域の全体に対してレーザ光を通常のエネルギー密度E2よりも高いエネルギー密度E1で照射して造形物を作製しているので、造形物を構成するn層の固化層のうち、最下層の固化層、中間層の固化層のはみ出し部及び重なり部、及び最上層の固化層に形成される開放気孔及び閉鎖気孔が少なくなる。
その後、その造形物を、例えば、日機装株式会社製の冷間等方圧プレス機の圧力容器内の常温(例えば、20℃)の水等の液体に入れて、100MPa程度の圧力で等方的に加圧する。このような加圧方法はCIP(Cold Isostatic Press)法とも呼ばれる。
これにより、造形物のうちの中間層の固化層の中央部に形成された開放気孔及び閉鎖気孔が潰れたり、完全に潰れないとしてもこれらの気孔が小さくなって、造形物が均等に圧縮される。
この結果、中間層の固化層の中央部に形成された気孔を少なくすることができる。
Claims (5)
- 樹脂粉末の層を形成する工程と、前記樹脂粉末の層を形成した後に前記樹脂粉末の層の造形領域にレーザ光を照射して、前記造形領域の前記樹脂粉末を溶融結合し、固化して、固化層を形成する工程とを繰り返すことにより、n(nは3以上の整数)層の前記樹脂粉末の層を形成すると共に、前記n層の樹脂粉末の層内に前記n層の前記固化層を積層して造形物を作製する粉末床溶融結合造形物の作製方法であって、
前記樹脂粉末の層にレーザ光を照射する工程では、
前記n層の樹脂粉末の層のうち、下から第1層目の前記樹脂粉末の層の前記造形領域に前記レーザ光を第1のエネルギーで照射し、
第2層目乃至第n−1層目の前記樹脂粉末の層の各々の前記造形領域のうち、上下に隣接する前記樹脂粉末の層の前記造形領域のうちの少なくとも一方から外側にはみ出しているはみ出し部、及び前記隣接する樹脂粉末の層の前記造形領域と重なる前記はみ出し部の内側の少なくとも前記樹脂粉末の層の厚さ分の幅の重なり部に前記レーザ光を前記第1のエネルギーで照射し、前記はみ出し部及び前記重なり部の内側の中央部に前記レーザ光を前記第1のエネルギーよりも低い第2のエネルギーで照射し、
第n層目の前記樹脂粉末の層の前記造形領域に前記レーザ光を前記第1のエネルギーで照射することを特徴とする粉末床溶融結合造形物の作製方法。 - 前記第2層目乃至前記第n−1層目の前記樹脂粉末の層の各々は、所定の幅の外周部を有し、
前記樹脂粉末の層にレーザ光を照射する工程では、
前記外周部の一部に前記はみ出し部が重なっている場合には、前記はみ出し部及び前記重なり部と共に、前記外周部のうちの前記はみ出し部が重なっていない部分に前記レーザ光を前記第1のエネルギーで照射することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の粉末床溶融結合造形物の作製方法。 - 前記樹脂粉末の層にレーザ光を照射する工程の後に、前記n層の樹脂粉末の層から積層された前記n層の固化層を取り出し、前記積層されたn層の固化層を等方的に加圧することを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載の粉末床溶融結合造形物の作製方法。
- 前記造形物の作成の間、前記樹脂粉末を、該樹脂粉末の表面が該樹脂粉末の融点よりも10℃〜15℃程度低い温度に維持されるように、予備加熱することを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の粉末床溶融結合造形物の作製方法。
- 前記樹脂粉末の層にレーザ光を照射する工程では、前記第2層目乃至前記第n−1層目の前記樹脂粉末の層のうち、前記はみ出し部がない前記樹脂粉末の層における前記造形領域の所定の幅の外周部に、前記レーザ光を前記第1のエネルギーで照射することを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の粉末床溶融結合造形物の作製方法。
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JP2018066722A JP6912092B2 (ja) | 2018-03-30 | 2018-03-30 | 粉末床溶融結合造形物及びその作製方法 |
EP19774657.1A EP3778191A4 (en) | 2018-03-30 | 2019-03-27 | POWDER BED FUSED MOLDING AND PROCESS FOR ITS MANUFACTURE |
PCT/JP2019/013161 WO2019189347A1 (ja) | 2018-03-30 | 2019-03-27 | 粉末床溶融結合造形物及びその作製方法 |
US17/037,257 US20210008795A1 (en) | 2018-03-30 | 2020-09-29 | Powder bed fusion model and method of fabricating same |
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CN114346256B (zh) * | 2021-12-03 | 2023-12-12 | 南京联空智能增材研究院有限公司 | 适用于高熵合金的变体能量密度激光增材方法 |
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JPH0757532B2 (ja) * | 1988-10-19 | 1995-06-21 | 松下電工株式会社 | 三次元形状の形成方法 |
US5198159A (en) * | 1990-10-09 | 1993-03-30 | Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. | Process of fabricating three-dimensional objects from a light curable resin liquid |
JP3422039B2 (ja) * | 1993-03-19 | 2003-06-30 | ソニー株式会社 | 光学的造形方法および光学的造形装置 |
WO1995031326A1 (de) * | 1994-05-13 | 1995-11-23 | Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen eines dreidimensionalen objektes |
US6399010B1 (en) * | 1999-02-08 | 2002-06-04 | 3D Systems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for stereolithographically forming three dimensional objects with reduced distortion |
DE10042132B4 (de) * | 2000-08-28 | 2012-12-13 | Cl Schutzrechtsverwaltungs Gmbh | Selektives Randschichtschmelzen |
FR2984779B1 (fr) * | 2011-12-23 | 2015-06-19 | Michelin Soc Tech | Procede et appareil pour realiser des objets tridimensionnels |
US9415443B2 (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2016-08-16 | Arcam Ab | Method and apparatus for additive manufacturing |
WO2015145844A1 (ja) | 2014-03-28 | 2015-10-01 | 株式会社日立製作所 | レーザ粉末積層造形装置及びレーザ粉末積層造形方法及び3次元積層造形装置 |
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US20210008795A1 (en) | 2021-01-14 |
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