JP6909116B2 - Automatic torque switching device and fishing reel - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an automatic torque switching device that automatically switches between high-speed rotation and low-speed rotation according to a required torque, and a fishing reel.

Drives with motors and reducers require transmission means when the range of load torque and required output speed is wide. As a method of shifting gears, there is known a method of selecting a reduction ratio from a motor to an output by switching a gear train composed of a plurality of different reduction ratios or switching the presence / absence of deceleration itself. Patent Document 1 discloses an automatic torque switching device capable of switching from a state in which high-speed rotation is output as it is to a state in which high-torque low-speed rotation is output via a speed reducer according to a required torque.

In addition, it has been pointed out that insufficient torque during low-speed rotation becomes a problem in electric reels for fishing when it is compatible with high-speed winding, and a method of incorporating a transmission mechanism has been proposed in order to achieve both of these. .. In Patent Document 2, one of the high-speed reduction gear mechanism and the low-speed reduction gear mechanism can be selectively transmitted according to the rotation direction of the output unit of the spool drive motor, and the spool rotation speed is changed for fishing. Electric reels are disclosed.

Japanese Patent No. 4864582 Japanese Patent No. 3537363

However, in the torque automatic switching device of Patent Document 1, the entire device becomes large, and the inertia becomes too large because the speed reducer is rotated at high speed.

Further, in the electric reel for fishing of Patent Document 2, since the moment when the torque transmission is stopped occurs at the time of shifting, the rotation of the spool is stopped accordingly. More specifically, since the drive motor is stopped and restarted in reverse, the change in the rotation speed of the spool becomes significantly large. If the drive motor operates in this way while the fish is caught, the tension and winding speed of the thread will change significantly, and the fish will escape.

An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic torque switching device and a fishing reel that can reduce changes in torque and speed during shifting, reduce inertia, and reduce the size of the entire device.

The torque automatic switching device as one aspect of the present invention includes an input unit, a reduction mechanism for decelerating the power input to the input unit, an output member, and a one-way clutch that limits the rotation of the output member in one direction. And a clutch mechanism including a torque limiter mechanism . The speed reduction mechanism includes a first output unit and a second output unit that is supported coaxially with the first output unit and has an output different from that of the first output unit. The first output unit is connected to the output member via a one-way clutch , and the second output unit is connected to the output member via a torque limiter mechanism . When the torque acting on the output member is equal to or less than a predetermined value, the output member rotates integrally with the second output unit , the one-way clutch idles, and the torque is not transmitted to the first output unit. When the torque acting on the output member is larger than a predetermined value, the output member is characterized in that it rotates integrally with the first output unit via a one-way clutch.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an automatic torque switching device and a fishing reel that can reduce changes in torque and speed during shifting, reduce inertia, and reduce the size of the entire device.

It is sectional drawing of the torque automatic switching apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the torque automatic switching device connected to a motor. It is an assembly drawing of the torque automatic switching device. It is sectional drawing of the modification of the torque automatic switching device. It is a characteristic figure which shows the relationship between the rotation speed and the current value with respect to the torque of the torque automatic switching device when a DC motor is used as a power source.

Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In each figure, the same member is given the same reference number, and duplicate description is omitted.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an automatic torque switching device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an automatic torque switching device connected to the motor 17. FIG. 3A is an assembly diagram of the clutch mechanism portion 2, and FIG. 3B is an assembly diagram of the speed reducer portion (reduction mechanism) 3.

The torque automatic switching device 1 has a clutch mechanism unit 2 and a speed reducer unit 3. The power input to the input pinion 16 is decelerated by the speed reducer unit 3, passes through the clutch mechanism unit 2, and is finally output from the output pulley (output member) 10. The clutch mechanism portion 2 includes a torque limiter portion (torque limiter mechanism) 4, a one-way clutch 5, and an output pulley 10. The speed reducer unit 3 is a planetary type planetary gear speed reducer, and the output of the carrier shaft (first output unit) 6 in the final stage corresponds to the most decelerated output. In the present embodiment, the carrier shaft 6 has a hollow shape and is used as a low-speed output shaft. In the present embodiment, the speed reducer unit 3 is a planetary gear mechanism, but it may be a different mechanism.

A shaft (second output unit) 7a is formed at the tip of the final stage sun gear 7. The shaft 7a is supported by a bearing 8 provided inside the carrier shaft 6 in a coaxial state with the carrier shaft 6, and the tip thereof projects to the outside of the carrier shaft 6. In this embodiment, the shaft 7a is used as the high-speed side output shaft. In planetary type planetary gear reducers, the reduction ratio per stage is often set to about 1/3 to 1/6. In this case, the low speed side output section and the high speed side output section are also about 1/3 to 1/6. Has a speed ratio of.

As shown in FIG. 4A, when the high-speed side output shaft is provided on the second-stage sun gear, the speed ratio between the low-speed side output unit and the high-speed side output unit is two stages, which is 1/9 to 1 It will be about / 36. Further, as shown in FIG. 4B, when the high-speed side output shaft is provided in the drive input section of the first stage, the speed ratio is three stages, which is as large as 1/27 to 1/216. Can be obtained. In this way, the high-speed side output shaft may be provided according to a desired speed ratio.

The hub 9 is attached so as to rotate integrally with the shaft 7a. The output pulley 10 is connected to the carrier shaft 6 via a one-way clutch 5. The one-way clutch 5 idles while the output pulley 10 rotates with respect to the carrier shaft 6 in the rotational direction, and locks the rotation of the output pulley 10 in the opposite direction. The shape of the output pulley 10 can be arbitrarily selected according to a member on the load side (not shown) such as a timing pulley, a gear, and a chain sprocket. Further, the one-way clutch 5 is not limited to the configuration of the present embodiment.

The torque limiter portion 4 includes a friction plate 11, a friction plate 12, a friction material 13, a disc spring 14 that urges these members in a pressing direction, and a nut (adjustment mechanism) 15 that adjusts the urging force of the disc spring 14. .. The friction plate 11 is movable in the axial direction and rotates integrally with the output pulley 10. The friction plate 12 is movable in the axial direction and rotates integrally with the hub 9. The two friction members 13 are movably arranged between the friction portion 9a and the friction plate 11 which are the ends of the hub 9, and between the friction plate 11 and the friction plate 12, respectively. When a larger friction torque is required, the friction plates 11 and 12 and the friction material 13 may be added. In this embodiment, a disc spring 14 and a positioning nut 15 are used as means for urging the friction surface. By adjusting the tightening degree of the nut 15, the pushing load of the friction surface, that is, the friction engaging force can be adjusted. The nut 15 is arranged so as to be exposed to the outside of the output pulley 10 or easily accessible from the outside so that the user can adjust the tightening degree of the nut 15. The disc spring 14 and the nut 15 can be replaced by various elastic members and positioning means. The torque limiter unit 4 is not limited to the configuration of the present embodiment.

Hereinafter, the operation of the automatic torque switching device 1 will be described. When the load acting on the output pulley 10 is equal to or less than the frictional engagement force of the torque limiter portion 4, the output pulley 10 tries to rotate integrally with the hub 9 by the frictional engagement force. At this time, the output pulley 10 rotates faster in the rotation direction than the carrier shaft 6. That is, the output pulley 10 rotates in the rotational direction with respect to the carrier shaft 6. At this time, the one-way clutch 5 is idling. Therefore, the output pulley 10 is driven by the shaft 7a to rotate at high speed.

When the load acting on the output pulley 10 is larger than the frictional engagement force of the torque limiter portion 4, the output pulley 10 rotates differentially with respect to the hub 9. However, since the output pulley 10 cannot be rotated in the opposite direction by the one-way clutch 5, it will not be slower than the carrier shaft 6. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the change in speed when shifting to the state of being driven by the output shaft on the low speed side. In this way, when the load acting on the output pulley 10 becomes larger than the frictional engagement force of the torque limiter portion 4, the output pulley 10 is driven by the carrier shaft 6 and rotates at a low speed. At this time, a differential is generated between the output pulley 10 driven by the carrier shaft 6 and the hub 9 that rotates integrally with the shaft 7a due to the difference in the reduction ratio of each output shaft, and the torque limiter accompanying the difference. The slip torque of the part 4 is generated.

When the load exceeding the frictional engagement force of the torque limiter portion 4 is removed, the output pulley 10 tries to rotate integrally with the hub 9 by the frictional engagement force of the torque limiter portion 4 again, so that the output pulley 10 quickly rotates at high speed. Since the slip torque generated in the torque limiter portion 4 is not interrupted until the state shifts to the state of being driven by the shaft 7a, the drive torque is always acting on the output pulley 10.

As described above, the torque automatic switching device 1 of the present embodiment automatically determines whether or not the load acting on the output pulley 10 exceeds the frictional engagement force of the torque limiter portion 4, which is the threshold value (predetermined value) for shifting. It is possible to switch between high-speed rotation and low-speed rotation. At this time, the drive torque transmitted to the output pulley 10 always continues to act, and the speed change of the output pulley 10 due to the shift is effectively reduced. Further, as described above, in the present embodiment, the frictional engagement force of the torque limiter portion 4 can be easily adjusted by adjusting the nut 15.

In the present embodiment, the automatic torque switching device 1 switches to high-speed rotation when the load acting on the output pulley 10 is equal to or less than a predetermined value, and switches to low-speed rotation when the load acts on the output pulley 10 is greater than the predetermined value. Not limited to. The torque automatic switching device 1 may switch to high-speed rotation when the load acting on the output pulley 10 is smaller than a predetermined value, and may switch to low-speed rotation when the load acts on the output pulley 10 or more.

In the present embodiment, the input power is not particularly limited, but as shown in FIG. 2, the driving force (rotational force) of the motor 17 may be input by attaching the motor 17 to the input pinion 16. By attaching the motor 17 to the torque automatic switching device 1, it is possible to achieve both high-speed rotation in a low load region and stable winding at a high load.

A large, high-speed rotating motor that rotates at high speed in the conventional low load region but has sufficient starting torque according to the expected load requires a large battery because it requires a large operating noise and a large current at startup. And. In the present embodiment, by combining the automatic torque switching device 1 and the small motor 17 having a small torque, not only the operating noise can be suppressed low, but also the size and weight of the motor 17 and the entire device can be reduced. Further, by using the motor 17 as a power source, a characteristic change appears in the current value in addition to the above-mentioned drive characteristics at the time of shifting.

5 (a) and 5 (b) are characteristic diagrams showing the relationship between the rotation speed and the current value with respect to the torque of the torque automatic switching device 1 when the DC motor is used as the power source, respectively. In FIG. 5, the horizontal axis is the torque, but the speed is switched at the slip torque as a boundary. At this time, the slope of the current value changes significantly so that the increase in the current value with respect to the increase in torque becomes significantly smaller. As a result, the heat generated by the motor due to the increase in the load is greatly suppressed, so that it is possible to cope with a larger load and to take a long operating time in a high load region.

As described above, the automatic torque switching device 1 can form a power unit corresponding to a wide torque range by using a motor as a power source.

Hereinafter, a case where the automatic torque switching device 1 is applied to a fishing reel will be described. In the case of manual winding, a configuration is conceivable in which the output pulley 10 is connected to the spool and the manual winding handle is connected to the input pinion 16. By setting the slip torque to be heavier than the weight of the gimmick, it is possible to wind up the gimmick with a reduced speed ratio, that is, with a small number of handle rotations. When a large force is required for winding, such as when a large fish is caught, a high reduction ratio is automatically selected, so a large number of handle rotations is required, but the winding can be performed with a small force.

In the case of an electric reel, a configuration is conceivable in which the output pulley 10 is connected to the spool and the motor 17 is connected to the input pinion 16. By setting the slip torque to be heavier than the weight of the gimmick, it is possible to quickly wind up the gimmick when collecting the gimmick. When a large force is required for hoisting, such as when a large fish is caught, a high reduction ratio is automatically selected and a large force can be transmitted to the spool. In addition, although the rotation speed of the spool is lower than before, the current value is significantly suppressed, so it is possible to wind up large fish, which was difficult until now due to the heat generated by the motor and the limitation of the current value. .. Further, it is not necessary to temporarily stop the motor at the time of shifting, and the speed of the spool changes from high speed to low speed while continuously changing, so that it is difficult for fish to escape and it can be said that it is suitable for a fishing reel.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and various modifications and modifications can be made within the scope of the gist thereof.

1 Torque automatic switching device 2 Clutch mechanism (clutch mechanism)
3 Reducer section (reduction mechanism)
4 Torque limiter (torque limiter mechanism)
5 One-way clutch 6 Carrier shaft (first output section)
7a Shaft section (second output section)
10 Output pulley (output member)

Claims (7)

A deceleration mechanism that has an input unit and decelerates the power input to the input unit,
And output member, and a one-way clutch for restricting the rotation of the output member in one direction, a torque automatic switching device having a clutch mechanism, a comprising a torque limiter mechanism, a,
The deceleration mechanism includes a first output unit and a second output unit that is supported coaxially with the first output unit and has an output different from that of the first output unit.
The first output unit is connected to the output member via the one-way clutch, and the second output unit is connected to the output member via the torque limiter mechanism.
When the torque acting on the output member is equal to or less than a predetermined value, the output member rotates integrally with the second output unit via the torque limiter mechanism , the one-way clutch idles, and the torque is increased. Not transmitted to the first output unit
An automatic torque switching device characterized in that when the torque acting on the output member is larger than a predetermined value, the output member rotates integrally with the first output unit via the one-way clutch. The torque automatic switching device according to claim 1, wherein the torque limiter mechanism includes an adjusting mechanism for adjusting a frictional engaging force between the second output unit and the output member. The automatic torque switching device according to claim 2, wherein the adjusting mechanism is provided so that the frictional engaging force can be adjusted by the user. The automatic torque switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the deceleration mechanism includes a motor that transmits a rotational force. The torque automatic switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the speed reduction mechanism is a planetary gear mechanism. The first output unit has a hollow shape and has a hollow shape.
The automatic torque switching device according to claim 5, wherein the second output unit is supported inside the first output unit in a coaxial state with the first output unit. A fishing reel comprising the torque automatic switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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