JP2019052691A - Torque automatic switching device and fishing reel - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a torque automatic switching device that reduces change of torque and speed at the time of speed change, reduces inertia, and allows the whole of the device to be downsized.SOLUTION: A torque automatic switching device comprises: a clutch mechanism 2 comprising a one-way clutch 5, a torque limiter mechanism 4, and an output member 10; and a speed reduction mechanism comprising a first output part 6 connected to the output member 10 via the one-way clutch 5, and a second output part 7a to be connected to the output member 10 via the torque limiter mechanism 4 so as to rotate integrally with the output member 10 when torque acting on the output member 10 is equal to or lower than a predetermined value.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an automatic torque switching device and a fishing reel that automatically switch between high-speed rotation and low-speed rotation according to required torque.

  In a drive device including a motor and a speed reducer, a transmission means is necessary when the range of load torque and required output rotational speed is wide. As a speed change method, a method of selecting a speed reduction ratio from the motor to the output by switching a gear train composed of a plurality of different speed reduction ratios or switching the presence or absence of speed reduction is known. Patent Document 1 discloses an automatic torque switching device capable of switching from a state in which high-speed rotation is output as it is to a state in which high-torque low-speed rotation is output via a reduction gear in accordance with required torque.

  In addition, it has been pointed out that in an electric reel for fishing, insufficient torque during low-speed rotation becomes a problem when dealing with high-speed winding, and a method of incorporating a speed change mechanism has been proposed in order to achieve both of them. . In Patent Document 2, for fishing that changes the spool rotation speed by selectively transmitting power to either the high speed reduction gear mechanism or the low speed reduction gear mechanism according to the rotation direction of the output portion of the spool drive motor. An electric reel is disclosed.

Japanese Patent No. 4864582 Japanese Patent No. 3537363

  However, in the torque automatic switching device disclosed in Patent Document 1, the entire device is increased in size, and inertia is excessively increased because the entire reduction gear is rotated during high-speed rotation.

  Further, in the electric fishing reel of Patent Document 2, a moment when torque transmission stops at the time of shifting occurs, and accordingly, the rotation of the spool stops. In detail, since the drive motor is stopped and reversely restarted, the change in the rotation speed of the spool is significantly increased. If the drive motor performs such an operation while the fish is caught, the fish will escape because the tension and the winding speed of the thread change significantly.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic torque switching device and a fishing reel that can reduce torque and speed changes during gear shifting, reduce inertia, and reduce the size of the entire device.

  An automatic torque switching device according to one aspect of the present invention includes a clutch mechanism including a one-way clutch, a torque limiter mechanism, and an output member, and a first output unit coupled to the output member via the one-way clutch. And a second output unit coupled to the output member via the torque limiter mechanism so as to rotate integrally with the output member when the torque acting on the output member is equal to or less than a predetermined value; It is characterized by having.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an automatic torque switching device and a fishing reel that can reduce changes in torque and speed during shifting, reduce inertia, and reduce the size of the entire apparatus.

It is sectional drawing of the torque automatic switching apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the torque automatic switching apparatus connected to the motor. It is an assembly drawing of the torque automatic switching device. It is sectional drawing of the modification of a torque automatic switching apparatus. It is a characteristic view which shows the relationship between the rotation speed with respect to the torque of a torque automatic switching apparatus in case a DC motor is used as a power source, and a current value.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In each figure, the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an automatic torque switching device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the automatic torque switching device connected to the motor 17. FIG. 3A is an assembly diagram of the clutch mechanism unit 2, and FIG. 3B is an assembly diagram of the reduction gear unit (deceleration mechanism) 3.

  The automatic torque switching device 1 includes a clutch mechanism unit 2 and a speed reducer unit 3. The power input to the input pinion 16 is decelerated by the reduction gear unit 3 and finally output from the output pulley (output member) 10 via the clutch mechanism unit 2. The clutch mechanism unit 2 includes a torque limiter unit (torque limiter mechanism) 4, a one-way clutch 5, and an output pulley 10. The speed reducer unit 3 is a planetary planetary gear speed reducer, and the output of the final stage carrier shaft (first output unit) 6 corresponds to the most decelerated output. In this embodiment, the carrier shaft 6 has a hollow shape and is used as a low-speed side output shaft. In the present embodiment, the reduction gear unit 3 is a planetary gear mechanism, but may be a different mechanism.

  A shaft (second output portion) 7 a is formed at the tip of the final stage sun gear 7. The shaft 7 a is supported coaxially with the carrier shaft 6 by a bearing 8 provided inside the carrier shaft 6, and the tip protrudes outside the carrier shaft 6. In the present embodiment, the shaft 7a is used as a high-speed side output shaft. In a planetary planetary gear reducer, the reduction ratio per stage is often reduced to about 1/3 to 1/6. In this case, the low speed side output unit and the high speed side output unit are also about 1/3 to 1/6. With a speed ratio of

  As shown in FIG. 4A, when the high speed side output shaft is provided in the second stage sun gear, the speed ratio between the low speed side output part and the high speed side output part is two stages, 1/9 to 1 / 36 or so. Further, as shown in FIG. 4B, when the high-speed side output shaft is provided in the first stage drive input section, the speed ratio is equivalent to three stages, and a large speed ratio of about 1/27 to 1/216. Can be obtained. Thus, the high speed side output shaft may be provided in accordance with a desired speed ratio.

  The hub 9 is attached so as to rotate integrally with the shaft 7a. The output pulley 10 is connected to the carrier shaft 6 via the one-way clutch 5. The one-way clutch 5 idles while the output pulley 10 rotates in the rotation direction with respect to the carrier shaft 6 and locks the rotation of the output pulley 10 in the opposite direction. The shape of the output pulley 10 can be arbitrarily selected in accordance with a load side member (not shown) such as a timing pulley, a gear, and a chain sprocket. The one-way clutch 5 is not limited to the configuration of the present embodiment.

  The torque limiter unit 4 includes a friction plate 11, a friction plate 12, a friction material 13, a disc spring 14 that biases these members in a pressing direction, and a nut (adjustment mechanism) 15 that adjusts the biasing force of the disc spring 14. . The friction plate 11 is movable in the axial direction and rotates integrally with the output pulley 10. The friction plate 12 is movable in the axial direction and rotates integrally with the hub 9. The two friction members 13 are movably disposed between the friction portion 9a, which is an end of the hub 9, and the friction plate 11, and between the friction plate 11 and the friction plate 12, respectively. If a larger friction torque is required, the friction plates 11 and 12 and the friction material 13 may be added. In this embodiment, a disc spring 14 and a positioning nut 15 are used as means for biasing the friction surface. By adjusting the tightening amount of the nut 15, it is possible to adjust the indentation load of the friction surface, that is, the friction engagement force. In order to allow the user to adjust the tightening amount of the nut 15, the nut 15 is arranged to be exposed to the outside of the output pulley 10 or easily accessible from the outside. The disc spring 14 and the nut 15 can be replaced with various elastic members and positioning means. The torque limiter unit 4 is not limited to the configuration of the present embodiment.

  Hereinafter, the operation of the automatic torque switching device 1 will be described. When the load acting on the output pulley 10 is equal to or less than the frictional engagement force of the torque limiter unit 4, the output pulley 10 tries to rotate integrally with the hub 9 by the frictional engagement force. At this time, the output pulley 10 rotates faster than the carrier shaft 6 in the rotation direction. That is, the output pulley 10 rotates in the rotation direction with respect to the carrier shaft 6. At this time, the one-way clutch 5 is idling. Therefore, the output pulley 10 rotates at high speed following the shaft 7a.

  When the load acting on the output pulley 10 is larger than the frictional engagement force of the torque limiter unit 4, the output pulley 10 rotates differentially with respect to the hub 9. However, since the output pulley 10 cannot be rotated in the opposite direction by the one-way clutch 5, it does not become slower than the carrier shaft 6. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the speed change when shifting to the state of following the low-speed side output shaft. As described above, when the load acting on the output pulley 10 becomes larger than the frictional engagement force of the torque limiter unit 4, the output pulley 10 follows the carrier shaft 6 and rotates at a low speed. At this time, there is a differential between the output pulley 10 that follows the carrier shaft 6 and the hub 9 that rotates integrally with the shaft 7a, and the difference between the reduction ratios of the output shafts, and the torque limiter associated therewith. The slip torque of the part 4 is generated.

  When the load exceeding the frictional engagement force of the torque limiter unit 4 is removed, the output pulley 10 tries to rotate integrally with the hub 9 by the frictional engagement force of the torque limiter unit 4 again, and thus quickly rotates at a high speed. Since the slip torque generated in the torque limiter unit 4 is not interrupted until the shaft 7a is moved to the driven state, the driving torque is always applied to the output pulley 10.

  As described above, the automatic torque switching device 1 according to the present embodiment automatically determines whether the load acting on the output pulley 10 exceeds the friction engagement force of the torque limiter unit 4 that is a threshold value (predetermined value) for shifting. It is possible to switch between high speed rotation and low speed rotation. At this time, the driving torque transmitted to the output pulley 10 is always applied, and the change in the speed of the output pulley 10 due to the shift is effectively reduced. Further, as described above, in this embodiment, the friction engagement force of the torque limiter unit 4 can be easily adjusted by adjusting the nut 15.

  In the present embodiment, the automatic torque switching device 1 switches to high speed rotation when the load acting on the output pulley 10 is equal to or less than a predetermined value, and switches to low speed rotation when the load is larger than the predetermined value. It is not limited to. The automatic torque switching device 1 may switch to high speed rotation when the load acting on the output pulley 10 is smaller than a predetermined value, and may switch to low speed rotation when the load is greater than or equal to the predetermined value.

  In the present embodiment, the input power is not particularly limited. However, as shown in FIG. 2, the driving force (rotational force) of the motor 17 may be input by attaching the motor 17 to the input pinion 16. By attaching the motor 17 to the automatic torque switching device 1, it is possible to achieve both high-speed rotation in a low load region and stable winding during a high load.

  A large, high-speed motor with sufficient starting torque that matches the assumed load while rotating at a high speed in the conventional low-load region has a large operating noise and requires a large battery for starting up a large current. And In the present embodiment, by combining the automatic torque switching device 1 and the small motor 17 having a small torque, not only the operation noise can be suppressed low, but also the motor 17 and the entire device can be reduced in size and weight. Further, by using the motor 17 as a power source, a characteristic change also appears in the current value in addition to the driving characteristics at the time of shifting described above.

  FIGS. 5A and 5B are characteristic diagrams showing the relationship between the rotational speed and the current value with respect to the torque of the automatic torque switching apparatus 1 when a DC motor is used as the power source. In FIG. 5, the horizontal axis is the torque, but the speed is switched at the slip torque. At this time, the gradient of the current value is greatly changed so that the increase in the current value with respect to the increase in torque becomes extremely small. Thereby, since the heat generation of the motor accompanying the increase in the load is largely suppressed, it is possible to cope with a larger load and to increase the operation time in the high load region.

  As described above, the automatic torque switching device 1 can form a power unit corresponding to a wide torque range by using a motor as a power source.

  Hereinafter, a case where the automatic torque switching device 1 is applied to a fishing reel will be described. In the case of manual winding, a configuration in which the output pulley 10 is connected to the spool and the manual winding handle is connected to the input pinion 16 is conceivable. By setting the slip torque to be heavier than the weight of the device, it is possible to wind the device with a reduced speed ratio, that is, with a small number of handle rotations, in collecting the device. When a large force is required for winding, such as when a large fish is caught, a high reduction ratio is automatically selected, so a large number of handle rotations are required, but it is possible to wind with a small force.

  In the case of an electric reel, a configuration in which the output pulley 10 is connected to the spool and the motor 17 is connected to the input pinion 16 is conceivable. By setting the slip torque so as to be heavier than the weight of the device, it is possible to quickly wind up in collecting the device. When a large force is required for winding, such as when a large fish is applied, a high reduction ratio is automatically selected, and a large force can be transmitted to the spool. In addition, although the number of rotations of the spool is lower than the conventional one, the current value is greatly suppressed, so it is possible to wind up large fish that has been difficult until now due to the heat generation of the motor and the limitation of the current value. . Furthermore, it is not necessary to stop the motor once at the time of shifting, and the spool speed shifts from high speed to low speed while continuously changing, so that it is difficult for the fish to escape and it can be said that it is suitable for a fishing reel.

  As mentioned above, although preferable embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to these embodiment, A various deformation | transformation and change are possible within the range of the summary.

1 Torque automatic switching device 2 Clutch mechanism (clutch mechanism)
3 Reducer (deceleration mechanism)
4 Torque limiter (torque limiter mechanism)
5 One-way clutch 6 Carrier shaft (first output part)
7a Shaft part (second output part)
10 Output pulley (output member)

Claims (7)

A clutch mechanism comprising a one-way clutch, a torque limiter mechanism, and an output member;
The first output unit connected to the output member via the one-way clutch and the torque acting on the output member so as to rotate integrally with the output member when the torque acting on the output member is a predetermined value or less. And a second output unit coupled to the output member via a limiter mechanism.   The automatic torque switching device according to claim 1, wherein the torque limiter mechanism includes an adjustment mechanism that adjusts a frictional engagement force between the second output unit and the output member.   The automatic torque switching device according to claim 2, wherein the adjustment mechanism is provided so that the friction engagement force can be adjusted by a user.   4. The automatic torque switching device according to claim 1, wherein the speed reduction mechanism includes a motor that transmits a rotational force. 5.   The automatic torque switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the speed reduction mechanism is a planetary gear mechanism. The first output part has a hollow shape,
6. The automatic torque switching device according to claim 5, wherein the second output unit is supported inside the first output unit in a coaxial state with the first output unit. 7.   A fishing reel comprising the automatic torque switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.