JP6905423B2 - How to build a dam - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method of constructing a dam.

Patent Document 1 discloses a concrete transport method in which concrete is put into a concrete bucket, the concrete bucket is lifted by a fixed jib crane, and the concrete is transported to a required position.

Special fair 1-444845

However, in the method described in Patent Document 1, a fixed jib crane is installed inside the area where the dam body is constructed (see FIG. 4), and is provided on the downstream side of the bank body to suppress the water force. Most of them are out of the working range of the crane. Since it is necessary to transport concrete to the concrete construction area outside the working range of the fixed jib crane, for example, by repeatedly reciprocating the dump truck, if the construction area outside the working range of the fixed jib crane is large, , There is a problem that work efficiency deteriorates.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to expand the construction area within the working range of the stationary tower crane and improve the working efficiency.

According to an aspect of the present invention, it is a method of constructing a dam body and a dam body provided on the downstream side of the embankment body, and the embankment body and the embankment body outside the construction area for constructing the energy reducing part. A stationary tower crane will be installed on the downstream side, the levee body material will be manufactured at the levee body material manufacturing facility at the dam construction site, and the levee body material manufactured at the levee body material manufacturing facility will be transported and transported. The body material is introduced into the bucket, the bucket is lifted by the tower crane, the bucket is moved inside the construction area, the levee body and the energy reducing part are constructed by the levee body material, the levee body material manufacturing equipment, and the levee body. A levee body material transportation facility for transporting levee body material from a material manufacturing facility is installed on the upstream side of the levee body outside the construction area, and the levee body material transported by the levee body material transportation facility is installed on the upstream side of the levee body. It is introduced into the bucket, and on the upstream side of the levee body, the bucket is lifted by a tower crane and the levee body material is moved inside the construction area .

According to the present invention, it is possible to widen the construction area within the working range of the stationary tower crane and improve the working efficiency.

It is the schematic of the dam construction system which concerns on this embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the working range of a tower crane. It is a schematic diagram explaining the distribution method of concrete by a distribution device. It is a side view of the tower crane installed on the downstream side of the embankment body. It is a rated load curve diagram of a tower crane. It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of constructing a dam. It is the schematic of the dam construction system which concerns on the comparative example (1) of this embodiment. It is the schematic of the dam construction system which concerns on the comparative example (2) of this embodiment. It is a side view of the tower crane used for the construction of the dam which concerns on the comparative example (1) of this embodiment. It is a figure explaining the transportation route of the dump truck used for the construction of the dam which concerns on the comparative example (3) of this embodiment. It is the schematic of the dam construction system which concerns on the modification (1) of this embodiment.

A method of constructing a dam according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the dam 100 constructed by the construction method of the present embodiment is a gravity-type concrete dam, and is provided on the downstream side of the main body 101 of the dam 100 and the dam body 101. It is provided with a diversion work (reducing unit) 102 that suppresses the momentum of the water discharged from 101. In FIG. 1, the levee body construction area A1 which is the area where the levee body 101 is constructed and the levee body construction area A2 which is the area where the levee body 102 is constructed are shown by different hatching.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the surface of the embankment body 101 is an upstream surface 101a facing the reservoir, a downstream surface 101b through which water discharged from the dam 100 flows, and an upstream surface 101a and a downstream surface 101b. It has a top surface 101c provided between the two.

The width W in the upstream and downstream directions of the embankment 101 (see FIG. 4), that is, the horizontal distance between the upstream surface 101a and the downstream surface 101b is smaller as the height is higher. The width in the left-right direction orthogonal to the upstream and downstream directions of the embankment 101 increases as the height increases. Regarding the left bank and the right bank of the dam 100, when looking from the upstream to the downstream of the river, the left side is referred to as the left bank and the right bank is referred to as the right bank.

The downstream surface 101b is an inclined surface having a gentle slope with respect to the upstream surface 101a. In other words, the upstream surface 101a has a steep slope with respect to the downstream surface 101b. Therefore, the center of gravity of the embankment body 101 is located on the upstream side of the center of the length in the upstream and downstream directions of the embankment body 101.

As shown in FIG. 2, the downstream surface 101b is provided with a pair of left and right side walls 101w extending from the top surface 101c to the energy reducing work 102. The inside of the pair of left and right side walls 101w is a flow guiding portion 101d that guides the water discharged from the dam 100 to the energy reducing work 102, and the outside of the pair of left and right side walls 101w is a non-leading portion.

The energy-reducing work 102 is a hydraulic jump-type energy-reducing work that is continuously provided in the flow guide portion 101d and generates a hydraulic jump in the energy-reducing pond (water tapping portion) to attenuate the kinetic energy of water. At the left and right ends of the energy-reducing work 102, side walls 102w are provided to prevent water from overflowing to the outside of the energy-reducing work 102. On the downstream side of the energy reducer 102, a sub-dam 102d is provided so as to collide with water and further attenuate the kinetic energy of the water.

As shown in FIG. 1, the construction system 1 of the dam 100 was manufactured by a batcher plant 10 for manufacturing concrete as a bank body material which is a material for the bank body 101 and the energy reducing work 102, and a batcher plant 10. A transport facility 20 for transporting concrete, a concrete bucket (hereinafter, simply referred to as a bucket) 30 into which concrete transported by the transport facility 20 is introduced, and a stationary tower crane that lifts the bucket 30 and moves it to a predetermined position. 40 and a management server 70 installed in the field office are provided.

The management server 70 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), an input / output interface (I / O interface), a wireless communication device, and other peripheral circuits as operating circuits. It consists of a microcomputer. The management server 70 controls the operations of various devices of the batcher plant 10 and various devices of the transportation equipment 20, which will be described later.

The batcher plant 10 and the transport facility 20 for transporting concrete from the batcher plant 10 are installed inside the dam construction site (construction area) 2. In the present embodiment, the batcher plant 10 and the transportation facility 20 are located on the upstream side of the embankment 101 outside the dam construction area A0 including the embankment construction area A1 and the energy-reducing construction construction area A2, which are areas for placing concrete. Will be installed in.

The batcher plant 10 is a concrete manufacturing facility that mixes materials such as cement, water, and aggregate in a predetermined ratio to ^{produce concrete having a predetermined property in batches (X [m 3]).} The batcher plant 10 includes a weighing device (not shown) that measures materials transported from a storage facility (not shown), a stationary mixer (not shown) that mixes various materials supplied from the weighing device, and a stationary mixer. It is provided with a discharge hopper 10h for charging the manufactured concrete into the drawer conveyor 120.

As shown in FIG. 2, the transport facility 20 extends along the drawer conveyor 120 extending linearly from the batcher plant 10 to the vicinity of the embankment construction area A1 and the upstream surface 101a of the embankment 101. It includes a first supply conveyor 121 and a second supply conveyor 122, and a distribution device 123 that distributes the concrete transported by the drawer conveyor 120 to the first supply conveyor 121 and the second supply conveyor 122. The concrete transported by the first supply conveyor 121 is charged into the first hopper 126, and the concrete transported by the second supply conveyor 122 is charged into the second hopper 127.

On the upstream side of the embankment body 101, a stage 129 is provided along the upstream surface 101a of the embankment body 101. The first supply conveyor 121, the second supply conveyor 122, the first hopper 126, and the second hopper 127 are provided on the stage 129. Stage 129 is a flat work space and is also used as a storage place for materials and equipment.

The first hopper 126 and the second hopper 127 are arranged near the center of the bank body 101 in the left-right direction. That is, the first hopper 126 is arranged at a position closer to the center in the left-right direction of the embankment 101 than the left end of the embankment 101, and the second hopper 127 is located on the embankment 101 rather than the right end of the embankment 101. It is placed near the center in the left-right direction. Further, the first hopper 126 and the second hopper 127 are arranged between the left and right side walls 101w at the top of the guiding portion 101d. That is, the first hopper 126 and the second hopper 127 are arranged so as to face the flow guide portion 101d of the embankment body 101 with the upstream surface 101a of the embankment body 101 interposed therebetween.

The drawer conveyor 120, the first supply conveyor 121, and the second supply conveyor 122 are belt conveyors, respectively, and carry concrete from the start end where concrete is put in to the end where concrete is discharged. The part of each conveyor except the starting end is covered with a tubular cover to prevent the inflow of rainwater and the like.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the drawer conveyor 120, the start end portion 120s is arranged directly under the discharge hopper 10h of the batcher plant 10, and the end portion 120e (see FIG. 3) is arranged in the vicinity of the bank body construction area A1. NS. As shown in FIG. 3, in the first supply conveyor 121, the start end portion 121s is arranged below the end portion 120e of the drawing conveyor 120, and the end portion 121e is arranged above the first hopper 126. In the second supply conveyor 122, the start end portion 122s is arranged below the end portion 120e of the drawing conveyor 120, and the end portion 122e is arranged above the second hopper 127.

The distribution device 123 is arranged below the end portion 120e of the drawing conveyor 120 and above the start end portion 121s of the first supply conveyor 121 and the start end portion 122s of the second supply conveyor 122. The distribution device 123 includes a container 123a, a rotating member 123b arranged in the container 123a, a motor 123c for rotating the rotating member 123b, and a control device 123d for controlling the motor 123c.

The control device 123d controls the drive of the motor 123c according to the switching signal received from the management server 70 by the wireless communication device.

The rotating member 123b has a rotating shaft connected to the drive shaft of the motor 123c, and a guide plate for guiding the concrete transported by the drawing conveyor 120. The rotating member 123b has a first switching position for supplying the concrete transported by the drawer conveyor 120 to the first supply conveyor 121 and a second supply conveyor for the concrete transported by the drawer conveyor 120 by driving the motor 123c. It is switched between the second switching position supplied to 122 and the second switching position. In FIG. 3, the rotating member 123b switched to the first switching position is shown by a solid line, and the rotating member 123b switched to the second switching position is shown by a chain double-dashed line.

The container 123a is provided with an inlet opening 123e at the upper part, and a first outlet opening 123f and a second outlet opening 123g at the lower part. The inlet opening 123e is an opening for introducing concrete falling from the terminal 120e of the drawer conveyor 120 into the container 123a. The first outlet opening 123f is an opening for delivering concrete to the start end portion 121s of the first supply conveyor 121. The second outlet opening 123g is an opening for delivering concrete to the starting end portion 122s of the second supply conveyor 122.

The container 123a is formed in a bifurcated shape. The container 123a has a first slope 123j that guides the concrete guided by the rotating member 123b switched to the first switching position to the first outlet opening 123f. Further, the container 123a has a second slope 123k that guides the concrete guided by the rotating member 123b switched to the second switching position to the second outlet opening 123g.

The first hopper 126 temporarily stores the concrete charged from the first supply conveyor 121, and the opening / closing portion provided at the lower outlet opens / closes automatically or manually. The concrete discharged from the lower outlet of the first hopper 126 is put into the first bucket 30 (hereinafter referred to as the first bucket 131) through the chute 126s. The second hopper 127 temporarily stores the concrete charged from the second supply conveyor 122, and the opening / closing portion provided at the lower outlet opens / closes automatically or manually. The concrete discharged from the lower outlet of the second hopper 127 is put into the second bucket 30 (hereinafter referred to as the second bucket 132) through the chute 127s. The first hopper 126 and the second hopper 127 are concrete transshipment facilities for transshipping the concrete transported by the first supply conveyor 121 and the second supply conveyor 122 to the first bucket 131 and the second bucket 132, respectively.

As described above, in the present embodiment, as transport routes, a first transport route for transporting concrete from the batcher plant 10 to the first bucket 131 and a second transport route for transporting concrete from the batcher plant 10 to the second bucket 132 are used. There is a route. The first supply conveyor 121 is a first transportation facility that constitutes a first transportation path extending from the distribution device 123 to the first bucket 131. The second supply conveyor 122 is a second transport facility that constitutes a second transport path that extends from the distribution device 123 to the second bucket 132. The drawer conveyor 120 and the distribution device 123 are common transportation facilities that constitute a transportation route that is commonly used in the first transportation route and the second transportation route. Therefore, the equipment cost can be reduced as compared with the case where the withdrawal conveyor 120 is individually provided for each of the first transportation path and the second transportation path.

The bucket 30 (first bucket 131 and second bucket 132) is a double-door type concrete storage container, and an opening / closing portion provided at a lower outlet of the container opens / closes automatically or manually. In the present embodiment, the first bucket 131 is a large-capacity bucket 131L capable of accommodating concrete ^{of a maximum of 2X [m 3} ] and a small-capacity bucket 131S capable of accommodating concrete of ^{a maximum of X [m 3].} There are different types of concrete buckets. Similarly, as the second bucket 132, there are two types of concrete buckets, a large-capacity bucket 132L and a small-capacity bucket 132S having a capacity smaller than that of the large-capacity bucket 132L.

Next, the tower crane 40 will be described with reference to FIG. As in the present embodiment, the tower crane 40 is used for the construction of the gravity type concrete dam from the viewpoint of concrete transportation efficiency. As shown in FIG. 4, the tower crane 40 can swivel on the foundation frame 141, the mast 142 fixed to the foundation frame 141, the elevating device 143 attached to the mast 142 so as to be elevated, and the elevating device 143. A swivel body 144 mounted on the swivel body 144 and a jib 145 undulatingly attached to the swivel body 144 are provided.

A hoisting winch 146 around which a hoisting wire rope (hereinafter referred to as a hoisting rope) 146a is wound and a hoisting wire rope (hereinafter referred to as a hoisting rope) 147a are wound around the swivel body 144. The undulating winch 147 and the support frame 150 that supports the jib 145 are mounted.

The configuration for raising and lowering the hook 149 and the raising and lowering operation of the hook 149 will be described. The hoisting rope 146a is connected to the hook 149 via a sheave provided at the tip of the support frame 150, a sheave provided on the back side of the jib 145, and a sheave provided at the tip of the jib 145. Therefore, when the hoisting winch 146 is driven, the hoisting rope 146a is wound up or unwound, so that the hook 149 moves up and down.

The configuration for undulating the jib 145 and the undulating operation of the jib 145 will be described. One end of the pendant rope 148 for supporting the jib is connected to the tip of the jib 145, and the other end of the pendant rope 148 is connected to the bridle 151. The bridle 151 is provided with a bridle shaft extending in the left-right direction, and a plurality of bridle sheaves 151s are attached to this shaft. A bail shaft is provided at the tip of the support frame 150 in parallel with the bridle shaft, and a plurality of bail sheaves 152s are attached to this shaft.

The undulating rope 147a is hung between the plurality of bridle sheaves 151s and the plurality of bail sheaves 152s, and the end portion of the undulating rope 147a is fixed to the support frame 150 or the like. Therefore, when the undulating winch 147 is driven, the undulating rope 147a is wound or unwound, so that the distance between the bridle shaft and the bail shaft changes, and the jib 145 undulates.

The foundation frame 141 is welded to the pile type foundation structure 159. The foundation structure 159 is formed by connecting the upper portions of a plurality of steel pipe piles to each other by connecting members. By adopting the pile type foundation structure 159, the size of the foundation can be made smaller than that of the direct foundation. Therefore, there is little terrain modification, and the landscape after completion can be improved.

The tower crane 40 includes an overload prevention device (moment limiter) 155 including a CPU, a ROM and RAM as a storage device, and an arithmetic processing device having other peripheral circuits and the like. The storage device of the overload prevention device 155 stores a data table of the rated load curve, which is the relationship between the working radius r and the rated total load Wa, as shown in FIG.

The rated total load Wa is a limit value of the load that can be lifted in the working radius r, and is set in order to prevent the crane from being damaged or overturned. When the suspension load W is equal to or greater than the rated total load Wa corresponding to the working radius r, the overload prevention device 155 stops the drive of the hydraulic motor connected to the hoisting winch and the undulating winch. The suspension load W is calculated from the rope tension detected by a load detection device (not shown) such as a load cell. The working radius r of the crane in the current posture is calculated based on the undulation angle of the jib 145 detected by the angle detection device (not shown).

Thus, tower cranes 40, compared to the case of transporting the concrete 2X [m ^3], carrying a concrete X [m ^3] with small capacity bucket 131S, the 132S with large bucket 131L, the 132L In the case, the working radius r can be made larger. That is, the working range is wider when the small capacity buckets 131S and 132S are used than when the large capacity buckets 131L and 132L are used.

As shown in FIG. 2, in the construction system 1 of the present embodiment, the tower crane 40 includes a left crane 40L installed on the left bank of the dam construction area A0 and a right crane 40R installed on the right bank of the dam construction area A0. , Equipped with. Both the left crane 40L and the right crane 40R are installed on the downstream side of the embankment 101 outside the dam construction area A0. In the present embodiment, the left crane 40L is arranged to the left of the downstream end of the embankment construction area A1, and the right crane 40R is arranged to the right of the downstream end of the embankment construction area A. That is, the pair of left and right tower cranes 40 are arranged near the center of the dam body 101 in the upstream and downstream directions in the dam construction area A0 and on the left and right sides of the dam construction area A0.

As shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 2, the working ranges WR1 and WR1'of the left crane 40L and the working ranges WR2 and WR2'of the right crane 40R partially overlap. The work range WR1 and the work range WR2 are set based on the workable work radius r1 (see FIG. 5) when the maximum amount of concrete is loaded into the large-capacity buckets 131L and 132L. The work range WR1'and the work range WR2' are set based on the workable working radius r2 (see FIG. 5) when the maximum amount of concrete is loaded in the small capacity buckets 131S and 132S. The working radius r can be conveniently changed by changing the length of the jib 145. As shown in FIG. 4, the length of the jib 145 is set by conveniently selecting and assembling a plurality of pre-assembled parts (unit jib 145a). For example, the total length of the jib 145 can be increased by adopting the unit jib 145a having a long length instead of the unit jib 145a having a short length. Further, the total length of the jib 145 can be increased by increasing the number of the unit jib 145a connected to each other.

As shown in FIG. 2, concrete can be directly poured from the tower crane 40 into the dam construction area A0 inside the working range of the tower crane 40.

The amount of concrete used for the construction of the embankment 101 is larger than the amount of concrete used for the construction of the energy reducer 102. Therefore, in the present embodiment, when the embankment body 101 is constructed, the large capacity buckets 131L and 132L are mainly used for the buckets 131 and 132 to be lifted by the tower crane 40. As a result, the transportation efficiency can be improved as compared with the case where the embankment body 101 is constructed using the small capacity buckets 131S and 132S.

On the other hand, the amount of concrete used for the construction of the energy reducing work 102 is smaller than the amount of concrete used for the construction of the embankment 101. For example, the amount of concrete used for the construction of the energy reducing work 102 is about 1/10 of the amount of concrete used for the construction of the embankment 101. Further, in the construction of the energy reducing work 102, structures such as the side wall 102w and the sub-dam 102d, which are narrower and taller than the guiding portion 101d of the embankment body 101, are formed. Compared to construction, it takes more time for compaction work after placing concrete. Therefore, the concrete transporting capacity at the time of constructing the energy reducing work 102 may be smaller than the concrete transporting capacity at the time of constructing the embankment 101. Therefore, in the present embodiment, when the energy reducing work 102 is constructed, the small capacity buckets 131S and 132S are mainly used for the buckets 131 and 132 to be lifted by the tower crane 40. As a result, an amount of concrete suitable for constructing a structure such as the side wall 102w and the sub-dam 102d can be put in with high accuracy.

By using the small-capacity buckets 131S and 132S for the construction of the energy-reducing work 102, the entire energy-reducing work construction area A2 can be accommodated in the work ranges WR1'and WR2'. Therefore, in the present embodiment, concrete can be directly poured from the tower crane 40 into the entire energy-reducing construction area A2.

By arranging the left crane 40L and the right crane 40R so as to overlap the working ranges of the left crane 40L and the right crane 40R, concrete can be efficiently transported to the dam construction area A0.

The embankment body 101 is gradually constructed from the lower side in the vertical direction to the upper side, and the height of the top surface 101c gradually increases. As shown in FIG. 2, the bank body 101 has a shape in which the left-right width increases as the height increases. Therefore, the left and right ends of the embankment body 101 are out of the working range of the tower crane 40.

As a method of transporting concrete to the driving area A11 outside the working range of the tower crane 40, transportation using a vehicle such as a dump truck can be considered. In this case, concrete is transported from the batcher plant 10 to the driving area A11 by a vehicle such as a dump truck using a public road 908 (see FIG. 1) outside the dam construction site 2. However, when the public road 908 is included in the transportation route, the route length tends to be long, and it takes time to enter and exit the dam construction site 2.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, two concrete transshipment facilities are provided within the working range of the tower crane 40 on the left and right end sides of the top surface 101c of the embankment body 101 under construction. The ground hoppers 161, 162 are installed, and the ground hoppers 161, 162 are used for transshipment to the crawler dump 160.

The ground hoppers 161, 162 temporarily store the concrete charged from the bucket 30 suspended from the tower crane 40, and the opening / closing portion provided at the lower outlet opens / closes automatically or manually. The concrete discharged from the lower outlets of the ground hoppers 161, 162 is put into the loading platform (vessel) of the crawler dump 160, and the concrete is transported to the casting area A11 by the crawler dump 160.

As described above, in the present embodiment, transshipment to the crawler dump 160 is performed within the working range of the tower crane 40, and concrete is transported to the casting area A11 outside the working range of the tower crane 40 by the crawler dump 160. .. Therefore, the transportation time can be shortened and the work efficiency of dam construction can be improved as compared with the off-site transportation by a dump truck or the like.

The method of constructing the dam 100 will be described. As shown in FIG. 6, the method of constructing the dam 100 includes the equipment installation process S100, the concrete manufacturing process S110, the conveyor transportation process S120, the bucket introduction process S130, the placement location determination process S140, and the first crane transportation. The process includes a step S150, a second crane transport step S155, a ground hopper loading step S160, a crawler dump transport step S165, a first casting step S170, a second casting step S175, and a compaction step S180. ..

-Equipment installation process-
In the equipment installation process S100, as shown in FIG. 1, various equipment such as a batcher plant 10, a transport equipment 20, a tower crane 40, and a site office are installed at the dam construction site 2 prior to the construction of the dam 100. The batcher plant 10, the transport facility 20 for transporting concrete from the batcher plant 10, and the concrete transshipment facilities 1st hopper 126 and 2nd hopper 127 are located on the upstream side of the embankment 101 outside the dam construction area A0. Install in. Both the left crane 40L and the right crane 40R are installed on the downstream side of the embankment 101 outside the dam construction area A0. Although not shown, various facilities include various facilities such as a storage facility for storing various materials such as cement and aggregate, a transport facility for transporting various materials, and a turbid water treatment facility.

-Concrete manufacturing process-
The concrete manufacturing process S110 is a step of manufacturing concrete at the batcher plant 10 in the dam construction site 2. Materials such as cement, water, and aggregate are weighed one batch at a time by a weighing device (not shown) and put into a stationary mixer (not shown). Various materials charged into a stationary mixer (not shown) are kneaded for a predetermined time to produce concrete.

-Conveyor transport process-
The conveyor transport step S120 is a step of transporting the concrete produced in the batcher plant 10 on the upstream side of the embankment 101 by a belt conveyor. The concrete produced by the stationary mixer (not shown) of the batcher plant 10 falls from the discharge hopper 10h and is loaded on the starting end portion 120s of the drawing conveyor 120 for each ^{batch (X [m 3]).}

The concrete loaded on the drawer conveyor 120 is transported to the end portion 120e by the drawer conveyor 120. As shown in FIG. 3, the concrete transported to the terminal portion 120e of the drawing conveyor 120 is guided to the first supply conveyor 121 or the second supply conveyor 122 by the distribution device 123.

Upon receiving the first switching signal from the management server 70, the distribution device 123 switches the rotating member 123b to the first switching position and guides the concrete to the first supply conveyor 121. Upon receiving the second switching signal from the management server 70, the distribution device 123 switches the rotating member 123b to the second switching position and guides the concrete to the second supply conveyor 122.

The distribution device 123 is switched between the first switching position and the second switching position so that the concrete is alternately transported to the first bucket 131 and the second bucket 132. The management server 70 determines whether to place the levee body construction area A1 or the energy-reducing work construction area A2 based on the current construction status and the construction schedule.

When it is determined that the concrete is to be placed in the embankment construction area A1, the management server 70 alternately ^{transports concrete for two batches (2X [m 3]) to the first bucket 131 and the second bucket 132.} As such, the various devices and the distribution device 123 of the batcher plant 10 are controlled. As a result, two batches of concrete are alternately introduced into the large-capacity bucket 131L suspended by the left crane 40L and the large-capacity bucket 132L suspended by the right crane 40R.

When it is determined that the concrete is placed in the energy-reducing construction area A2, the management server 70 alternately ^{transports concrete for one batch (X [m 3]) to the first bucket 131 and the second bucket 132.} The various devices and the distribution device 123 of the batcher plant 10 are controlled so as to be performed. As a result, one batch of concrete is alternately introduced into the small-capacity bucket 131S lifted by the left crane 40L and the small-capacity bucket 132S lifted by the right crane 40R.

The concrete carried by the withdrawal conveyor 120 falls from the end portion 120e of the withdrawal conveyor 120 and is loaded on the start end portion 121s of the first supply conveyor 121 or the start end portion 122s of the second supply conveyor 122. The concrete loaded on the first supply conveyor 121 is transported to the terminal portion 121e by the first supply conveyor 121. Similarly, the concrete loaded on the second supply conveyor 122 is transported by the second supply conveyor 122 to the terminal portion 122e thereof.

The concrete carried by the first supply conveyor 121 falls from the terminal portion 121e and is charged into the first hopper 126. Similarly, the concrete carried by the second supply conveyor 122 falls from the terminal portion 122e and is charged into the second hopper 127.

-Bucket introduction process-
In the bucket introduction step S130, the concrete transported by the transport equipment 20 and charged into the first hopper 126 is introduced into the first bucket 131, and the concrete transported by the transport equipment 20 and charged into the second hopper 127 is second. Introduce to bucket 132. The first hopper 126 introduces concrete into the first bucket 131 through the chute 126s. The second hopper 127 introduces concrete into the second bucket 132 through the chute 127s. As described above, since a predetermined amount (1 batch or 2 batches) of concrete is alternately loaded on the first supply conveyor 121 and the second supply conveyor 122, the first bucket 131 and the second bucket 132 are loaded with concrete. A predetermined amount of concrete is introduced alternately.

By alternately transporting concrete to the first bucket 131 and the second bucket 132, the left crane 40L and the right crane 40R can be efficiently operated.

-Placement determination process-
In the casting location determination step S140, the management server 70 determines whether or not the next casting location is within the working range of the tower crane 40 based on the current construction status and construction schedule. When the driving place is within the working range of the tower crane 40, the management server 70 notifies the operator of the tower crane 40 by wireless communication to that effect, and proceeds to the first crane transport process S150. When the driving place is outside the working range of the tower crane 40, the management server 70 notifies the operator of the tower crane 40 by wireless communication to that effect, and proceeds to the second crane transport process S155. Information transmitted by wireless communication from the management server 70 is notified to the operator through a communication terminal carried by the operator of the tower crane 40 or a communication terminal permanently installed in the tower crane 40.

-First crane transportation process-
As shown in FIG. 2, in the first crane transport process S150, the first bucket 131 is lifted by the left crane 40L on the upstream side of the embankment body 101, and the first bucket 131 is lifted to a predetermined driving location inside the dam construction area A0. Move the bucket 131. Further, in the first crane transport step S150, the second bucket 132 is lifted by the right crane 40R on the upstream side of the embankment body 101, and the second bucket 132 is moved to a predetermined driving place inside the dam construction area A0. ..

-First casting process-
In the first casting step S170, concrete is poured directly from the first bucket 131 and the second bucket 132 lifted by the tower crane 40 into a predetermined casting location in the dam construction area A0.

-Second crane transportation process-
In the second crane transport step S155, the first bucket 131 is lifted by the left crane 40L on the upstream side of the embankment body 101, and the first bucket 131 is moved to the first ground hopper 161. Further, in the second crane transport step S155, the second bucket 132 is lifted by the right crane 40R on the upstream side of the embankment body 101, and the second bucket 132 is moved to the second ground hopper 162.

-Grand hopper loading process-
In the ground hopper charging step S160, concrete is charged from the first bucket 131 lifted by the left crane 40L into the first ground hopper 161. Further, in the ground hopper charging step S160, concrete is charged from the second bucket 132 lifted by the right crane 40R into the second ground hopper 162.

-Crawler dump truck transportation process-
In the crawler dump transport step S165, concrete is put into the loading platform (vessel) of the crawler dump 160 from the lower outlets of the ground hoppers 161, 162. The crawler dump 160 travels on the top surface 101c of the embankment body 101 under construction and moves to the driving area A11 outside the working range of the tower crane 40.

-Second casting process-
In the second casting step S175, concrete is thrown into a predetermined casting place from the loading platform of the crawler dump 160.

-Compacting process-
In the compaction step S180, the concrete put into the dam construction area A0 is compacted in the first casting step S170 and the second casting step S175. For compaction, a buyback with a plurality of internal vibrators mounted on the backhoe is used.

A series of steps (S110 to S180) for constructing the embankment body 101 and the energy reducing work 102 with concrete are repeated. For example, concrete placing and compaction work is performed about 500 to 1000 times until the construction of the dam 100 is completed. Concrete placement and compaction are performed for each lift divided in the height direction, and the height of one lift is, for example, 1.0 m or 1.5 m. As the construction area for placing and compacting concrete, either the levee body construction area A1 or the energy-reducing construction construction area A2 is appropriately selected based on the current construction status and construction schedule. When the concrete placement and compaction are completed over the entire dam construction area A0 (embankment construction area A1 and energy-reducing work construction area A2), the embankment body 101 and energy-reducing work 102 are completed.

When the construction of the dam 100 is completed, various equipment will be removed. Since the tower crane 40 employs a pile-type foundation structure 159 (see FIG. 4), it is possible to reduce the influence on the surrounding environment at the time of removal.

The operational effects of the present embodiment obtained by adopting the above configuration will be specifically described in comparison with the comparative examples of the present embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 7A, in the construction system 901A according to the comparative example (1) of the present embodiment, the tower crane 40 is installed on the upstream side of the embankment body 101. As shown in the figure, in the comparative example (1) of the present embodiment, the energy reducing work construction area A2 is outside the working range of the tower crane 40. Therefore, in the energy-reducing work construction area A2, concrete cannot be directly poured from the first bucket 131 and the second bucket 132 lifted by the tower crane 40.

As shown in FIG. 7B, in the construction system 901B according to the comparative example (2) of the present embodiment, the tower crane 40 is installed inside the levee body construction area A1. Therefore, most of the energy-reducing work construction area A2 is out of the working range of the tower crane 40. Therefore, in the energy-reducing construction construction area A2 outside the working range of the tower crane 40, concrete cannot be directly poured from the first bucket 131 and the second bucket 132 lifted by the tower crane 40.

Therefore, in the comparative examples (1) and (2) of the present embodiment, as shown by the arrow 907 in FIGS. 7A and 7B, for example, a dump truck is repeatedly repeated in the energy-reducing work construction area A2 outside the crane working range. It is necessary to transport concrete by reciprocating. Further, the transportation route (traveling route of the dump truck) connecting the energy-reducing construction area A2 and the batcher plant 10 includes a public road 908 outside the dam construction site 2, and the route length thereof is longer than that of the present embodiment. Will be long.

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the tower crane 40 is installed on the downstream side of the embankment 101 outside the dam construction area A0. As a result, the tower crane 40 is arranged near the center of the dam body 101 in the upstream and downstream directions in the dam construction area A0 and outside. Further, the energy-reducing work construction area A2 is within the working range WR1'and WR2' of the tower crane 40, and concrete can be directly injected by the tower crane 40 in the energy-reducing work construction area A2. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to improve the transportation efficiency of concrete as compared with the comparative example (1) and the comparative example (2) of the present embodiment. That is, in the present embodiment, since it is not necessary to use the dump truck for transportation using the public road 908 outside the dam construction site 2, the concrete produced by the batcher plant 10 is placed in a predetermined place in a short time. can do. Therefore, in the present embodiment, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the concrete over time and maintain the stability of the quality of the concrete.

As shown in FIG. 8, in the construction system 901A according to the comparative example (1) of the present embodiment, the bank body 101 under construction is constructed so that the swivel body 144 of the tower crane 40 does not interfere with the upstream surface 101a of the bank body 101. It is necessary to arrange the swing body 144 at a position higher than the top surface 101c of the above. When the swivel body 144 is arranged at a high position, the tower crane 40 is easily affected by the wind force, so that it becomes necessary to fix the mast 142 to the embankment body 101. Therefore, in the comparative example (1) of the present embodiment, a fixing member 909 for fixing the mast 142 to the embankment body 101 is required. In addition, in order to avoid interference between the swivel body 144 and the embankment body 101, it is conceivable to move the swivel body 144 away from the embankment body 101. However, in this case, there arises a problem that the ratio of the working range of the crane in the dam construction area A0 becomes small and the working efficiency deteriorates.

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, since the tower crane 40 is installed on the left and right sides of the downstream end of the bank body construction area A1, it turns around the swivel body 144. There are no structures that interfere with the body 144. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the swivel body 144 can be positioned at the same height as the top surface 101c of the bank body 101 or below the top surface 101c. Therefore, the fixing member 909 for fixing the mast 142 to the embankment body 101 is unnecessary, and the work for installing the fixing member 909 does not occur. Further, since it is not necessary to attach the fixing member 909 to the embankment body 101, the embankment body 101 is not damaged when the fixing member 909 is attached or detached.

As shown in FIG. 7B, in the construction system 901B according to the comparative example (2) of the present embodiment, the tower crane 40 is installed inside the bank body construction area A1. Therefore, in the removal work of the tower crane 40 after the construction of the dam 100 is completed, the device for removing the tower crane 40, the components of the tower crane 40, and the like come into contact with the bank body 101 and damage the bank body 101. There is a risk that it will end up. Therefore, in the comparative example (2) of the present embodiment, in the removal work of the tower crane 40, it is necessary to perform sufficient curing so as not to damage the embankment 101, so that the efficiency of the removal work is lowered.

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, since the tower crane 40 is installed outside the dam construction area A0, it is possible to prevent damage to the dam 100 due to the removal work of the tower crane 40 and the like, and the removal work can be performed. It is also possible to improve efficiency.

Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the tower crane 40 is installed on the downstream side of the embankment body 101, and the lifting position of the bucket 30 is set on the upstream side of the embankment body 101. That is, the tower crane 40 lifts the bucket 30 on the upstream side of the embankment 101 so as to straddle the embankment 101, and moves the bucket 30 inside the dam construction area A0. With such a configuration, the lifting position of the bucket 30 can be set near the center of the left-right turning range R when the concrete is transported by the tower crane 40. As a result, the turning angle of the tower crane 40 when the bucket 30 is lifted and the concrete is transported to the casting place can be suppressed.

For example, in the present embodiment, the maximum turning angle θmax, which is the angle at which the tower crane 40 lifts the bucket 30 and then turns to the most distant driving location in the turning direction, is the maximum turning in the comparative example (1) shown in FIG. 7A. The angle θ1max is smaller than the maximum turning angle θ2max in Comparative Example (2) shown in FIG. 7B (θmax <θ1max <θ2max = 180 degrees). Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to shorten the transportation time of concrete by the tower crane 40.

In the present embodiment, as shown in the figure, the right-hand crane 40R lifts the bucket 30 and then turns to the left (counterclockwise in the figure) with respect to the maximum left turn angle θB in the right direction (clockwise in the figure). ), The maximum right turning angle θA is larger. That is, the maximum right turning angle θA is the maximum turning angle θmax of the tower crane 40 in the present embodiment. The magnitude relationship of the maximum turning angles θA and θB can be adjusted by the lifting position of the bucket 30.

As shown in FIG. 9, in the comparative example (3) of the present embodiment, the tower crane 40 is installed on the upstream side of the bank body 101, and the lifting position of the bucket 30 is set on the downstream side of the bank body 101. Since the embankment body 101 has a shape in which the height increases toward the upstream side, the amount of concrete transported to the upstream side is larger than that on the downstream side. Therefore, when the lifting position of the bucket 30 is set to the downstream side of the embankment body 101 as in the comparative example (3) of the present embodiment, it takes time to transport the concrete to the upstream portion of the embankment body construction area A1. Therefore, the transportation time in the entire construction work of the dam 100 becomes long.

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the lifting position of the bucket 30 is set on the upstream side of the bank body 101. Therefore, the embankment material transportation equipment (120, 121, 122) is installed on the upstream side, and the hoppers 126, 127, which are concrete transshipment equipment to the bucket 30, are arranged near the center of the embankment 101 in the left-right direction. As a result, the time required for the concrete transportation work to the upstream portion of the embankment body construction area A1 can be shortened. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the transportation time in the entire construction work of the dam 100 can be shortened as compared with the comparative example (3).

According to the above-described embodiment, the following effects are exhibited.

(1) A stationary tower crane 40 was installed on the downstream side of the embankment 101 outside the dam construction area A0. As a result, the construction area within the work range of the tower crane 40 can be expanded, and the work efficiency of the concrete transportation work can be improved.

(2) Concrete is manufactured at the batcher plant 10 in the dam construction site 2, the concrete is transported by the transport facility 20 and the tower crane 40, and the concrete is directly injected from the tower crane 40 into most of the dam construction area A0. I tried to do it. As a result, it is possible to shorten the time required from the production of the concrete to the time when the concrete is put into the casting place, and it is possible to prevent the concrete from deteriorating with time. Further, since concrete can be transported over the entire dam construction area A0 with a uniform transport time, uniform strength can be ensured over the entire dam 100.

(3) In the casting method by direct loading by the tower crane 40, the number of transshipments is smaller than in the case where concrete is reloaded from the tower crane 40 to another transportation means (for example, a crawler dump truck or a dump truck) and then loaded. Therefore, as described in (1) above, by expanding the construction area within the work range of the tower crane 40, it is possible to reduce the number of transshipments in the entire construction work of the dam 100. As a result, material separation due to transshipment of concrete can be suppressed, and deterioration of concrete quality can be suppressed.

(4) In the present embodiment, concrete is transported to the casting area A11 outside the working range of the tower crane 40 by the crawler dump 160 without using the public road 908 outside the dam construction site 2. did. As a result, it is possible to reduce the time loss associated with the entry and exit of the dam construction site 2 and the influence on the environment outside the dam construction site 2.

The following modifications are also within the scope of the present invention, and it is possible to combine the configurations shown in the modifications with the configurations described in the above-described embodiments, or to combine the configurations described in the following different modifications. Is.

(Modification example 1)
In the above embodiment, an example in which the batcher plant 10 and the transport facility 20 are installed on the upstream side of the embankment 101 outside the dam construction area A0 has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. As shown in FIG. 10, the batcher plant 10 and the transportation equipment 20 may be installed on the downstream side of the embankment body 101 in the dam construction site 2. According to the first modification, as in the above embodiment, concrete can be directly put into all or most of the energy reducing work 102 by the tower crane 40, and the work efficiency can be improved. ..

(Modification 2)
In the above embodiment, an example in which the concrete transported by the drawing conveyor 120 is distributed to the first supply conveyor 121 and the second supply conveyor 122 through the distribution device 123 has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. As shown in FIG. 10, the drawing conveyor 120 may be extended to the first hopper 126, and the first supply conveyor 121 may be omitted. The distribution device 223 includes an opening / closing mechanism, which allows the concrete carried by the drawer conveyor 120 to be carried toward the first hopper 126 by opening the opening / closing mechanism. The distribution device 223 prohibits the concrete from being transported toward the first hopper 126 by the drawer conveyor 120 by closing the opening / closing mechanism, and guides the concrete from the drawer conveyor 120 to the second supply conveyor 122.

(Modification example 3)
In the above embodiment, an example in which three belt conveyors are used and the drawing conveyor 120 is transshipped to the first supply conveyor 121 or the second supply conveyor 122 has been described. Not limited to. Four or more belt conveyors may be used. For example, the withdrawal conveyor 120 may be divided into a plurality of conveyors. Concrete may be reloaded from the end of the first drawer conveyor to the start end of the second drawer conveyor, and from the end of the second drawer conveyor to the start of the third drawer conveyor. By using a plurality of drawing conveyors, the direction of the transport path can be changed, so that the degree of freedom in the installation position of the batcher plant 10 can be improved.

By extending the drawing conveyor 120 linearly from the batcher plant 10 to the distribution device 123 as in the above embodiment, the number of times of transshipment of concrete can be reduced as compared with the third modification. Therefore, in the above embodiment, by reducing the number of transshipments, it is possible to suppress the material separation of concrete due to transshipment and suppress the deterioration of concrete quality.

(Modification example 4)
In the above embodiment, the transport equipment 20 using the belt conveyor has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Instead of the belt conveyor, a transportation facility using a cable crane, a truck, or the like may be used. Further, instead of the transport equipment 20, a transport vehicle such as a transfer car or a dump truck may be used.

(Modification 5)
In the above embodiment, an example in which all of the energy-reducing construction area A2 is included in the working range of the tower crane 40 has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. It suffices that at least a part of the working range of the crane is included in the energy-reducing construction area A2. Even in such a case, the crane in the energy-reducing construction area A2 is compared with the case where the tower crane 40 is installed on the upstream side of the embankment 101 or the tower crane 40 is installed in the embankment construction area A1. It is possible to increase the proportion of the work range of. For the energy-reducing work construction area A2 outside the working range of the tower crane 40, for example, a crawler crane (not shown) using a ground hopper (not shown) arranged inside the energy-reducing work construction area A2 from the tower crane 40. Concrete is reloaded and placed in a bucket or concrete pump crane (not shown) that is lifted by (not shown).

(Modification 6)
In the above embodiment, an example of transporting two types of buckets, a large-capacity bucket 131L and 132L and a small-capacity bucket 131S and 132S having a capacity smaller than that of the large-capacity buckets 131L and 132L, by the tower crane 40 has been described. Not limited to this. Three or more types of buckets may be used, or one type of bucket may be used.

(Modification 7)
In the above embodiment, the distribution device 123 alternately applies concrete to the first supply conveyor 121 and the second supply conveyor 122 for ^{two batches (2X [m 3} ]) or one batch (X [m ^3]). Although the example of distribution has been described, the present invention is not limited thereto. The amount of concrete distributed by the distribution device 123 can be adjusted as appropriate. In addition, the amount of concrete supplied from the batcher plant 10 to the transport facility 20 can be adjusted as appropriate.

(Modification 8)
In the above embodiment, an example in which the left side crane 40L and the right side crane 40R are installed has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. A single tower crane 40 may be installed, or three or more tower cranes 40 may be installed.

(Modification 9)
In the above embodiment, an example in which concrete is used as the embankment material has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the present invention can be applied to the case of transporting a levee body material such as a CSG used in a CSG (Cemented Sand and Gravel) method or an ISIM material used in an ISIM (In-situ Stabilized Excavated. Materials) method.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above embodiments are only a part of the application examples of the present invention, and the technical scope of the present invention is limited to the specific configurations of the above embodiments. do not have.

2 ... Dam construction site, 10 ... Batcher plant (bank material manufacturing equipment), 20 ... Transportation equipment (bank material transportation equipment), 30 ... Bucket, 40 ... Tower crane, 100 ... dam, 101 ... bank body, 102 ... energy reducing work (reducing part), 120 ... drawer conveyor (common transportation equipment), 121 ... first supply conveyor (first) Transport equipment), 122 ... 2nd supply conveyor (2nd transport equipment), 123, 223 ... Distributor (common transport equipment), 131 ... 1st bucket (bucket), 132 ... 2nd Bucket (bucket), 131L, 132L ... Large capacity bucket, 131S, 132S ... Small capacity bucket, A0 ... Dam construction area (construction area for constructing bank body and energy reduction part), A1 ... Dam body construction area, A2 ... Energy reduction work construction area

Claims (7)

It is a method of constructing a dam having a dike body and a energy reducing part provided on the downstream side of the embankment body.
A stationary tower crane is installed on the downstream side of the embankment body outside the construction area for constructing the embankment body and the energy reducing portion.
Manufacture the levee body material at the levee body material manufacturing facility in the dam construction site,
The levee body material manufactured by the levee body material manufacturing facility is transported, and the levee body material is transported.
Introduce the transported embankment material into the bucket and
The tower crane lifts the bucket and moves the bucket inside the construction area.
The levee body and the energy reducing part are constructed with the levee body material, and the levee body and the energy reducing part are constructed.
The embankment material manufacturing equipment and the embankment material transporting equipment for transporting the embankment material from the embankment material manufacturing equipment are installed on the upstream side of the embankment body outside the construction area.
On the upstream side of the levee body, the levee body material transported by the levee body material transport facility is introduced into the bucket.
On the upstream side of the levee body, the tower crane lifts the bucket and moves the levee body material inside the construction area.
How to build a dam. In the dam construction method according to claim 1,
As the tower crane
The left crane installed on the left bank of the construction area and
Has a right-hand crane installed on the right bank of the construction area,
The embankment material transportation equipment
The common transportation equipment extending from the embankment material manufacturing equipment and
A first transport facility extending from the common transport facility to the first bucket lifted by the left crane, and a first transport facility.
It has a second transport facility extending from the common transport facility to a second bucket lifted by the right crane.
How to build a dam. In the dam construction method according to claim 2,
The working range of the left crane and the working range of the right crane partially overlap.
How to build a dam. In the dam construction method according to claim 2 or 3.
The levee body material transporting equipment alternately transports the levee body material to the first bucket and the second bucket.
How to build a dam. In the method for constructing a dam according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
A large-capacity bucket is used for the bucket that is lifted by the tower crane when the embankment body is constructed.
A small-capacity bucket having a capacity smaller than that of the large-capacity bucket is used for the bucket to be lifted by the tower crane when the energy-reducing portion is constructed.
How to build a dam. It is a method of constructing a dam having a dike body and a energy reducing part provided on the downstream side of the embankment body.
A stationary tower crane is installed on the downstream side of the embankment body outside the construction area for constructing the embankment body and the energy reducing portion.
Manufacture the levee body material at the levee body material manufacturing facility in the dam construction site,
The levee body material manufactured by the levee body material manufacturing facility is transported, and the levee body material is transported.
Introduce the transported embankment material into the bucket and
The tower crane lifts the bucket and moves the bucket inside the construction area.
The levee body and the energy reducing part are constructed with the levee body material, and the levee body and the energy reducing part are constructed.
A large-capacity bucket is used for the bucket that is lifted by the tower crane when the embankment body is constructed.
A small-capacity bucket having a capacity smaller than that of the large-capacity bucket is used for the bucket to be lifted by the tower crane when the energy-reducing portion is constructed.
How to build a dam. In the method for constructing a dam according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
The tower crane lifts the bucket into which concrete as the embankment material has been introduced, moves the bucket inside the construction area, and directly throws the concrete into the construction area from the bucket. Compacting concrete,
How to build a dam.

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