JP6898833B2 - Shield digger and how to dig a shield digger - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a shield excavator and a method of excavating a shield excavator, and particularly to a technique for excavating the ground in a curved shape.

A shield excavator is a device that excavates the ground by rotating the cutter board pressed against the face while stabilizing the face, while constructing a shield pit by assembling segments on the inner circumference of the excavation pit. ..

The main body of the shield excavator has a front body and a rear body. The front torso is connected to the front end of the rear torso in a refractable state. A plurality of center-folding jacks and shield jacks are arranged between the front body portion and the rear body portion in the main body of the device along the circumferential direction of the main body of the device. Then, the digging direction (posture) of the main body of the device is controlled by selecting the center-folding jack or the shield jack, and the ground is dug in a straight line or a curved line.

Further, in the shield pit, rails are laid along the length direction of the shield pit, and a trailing equipment trolley equipped with trailing equipment of the equipment body is arranged so as to follow the movement of the equipment body. It has become.

Further, a rail different from the above-mentioned rail is laid in parallel in the shield pit, and a transport trolley for transporting materials such as segment constituent materials, rails, sleepers, pipes, and bolts is run.

The shield excavator is described in, for example, Patent Document 1, and in a shield excavator provided with a plurality of center-folding jacks that flexibly connect the front body portion and the rear body portion, the center-folding jacks on both the left and right sides are provided. Disclosed is a configuration in which the front body portion is bent with respect to the rear body portion centering on the attachment portion of the other center-folding jack by extending one of the center-folding jacks.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2001-20659

By the way, when excavating the ground with a shield excavator, in order to efficiently perform operations such as assembling segments and extending rails, it is necessary to place the materials transported by the transport trolley immediately after the equipment body. Desired. Then, a space is provided as a material storage space between the main body of the equipment and the leading following equipment trolley at a distance of more than the length of the following equipment trolley (about 2.5 to 4 m) (for example, about 10 m). , A traction member corresponding to the length of the space is interposed between the two.

Here, when a traction member longer than the length of the following equipment trolley is interposed, a restriction occurs when the equipment main body digs the ground in a curved shape. That is, since the following equipment carriage is pulled toward the tip of the towing member, when the curvature of the shield shaft constructed in the curved excavation pit becomes large, a phenomenon corresponding to the inner ring difference occurs and the following equipment carriage Can't turn the rail. Therefore, there is a restriction that the ground must be dug in a curved shape with a curvature that takes into account the length of the traction member.

The present invention has been made from the above-mentioned technical background, and is used when the equipment body excavates the ground in a curved shape in a shield excavator in which a traction member is provided between the equipment body and the following equipment trolley. It is an object of the present invention to provide a technique in which the curvature is not constrained by the traction member.

In order to solve the above problems, the shield excavator of the present invention according to claim 1 is constructed on a cutter board rotatably provided on the front surface of the equipment body and on the inner circumference of the excavation pit by the equipment body. , A shield pit composed of a plurality of annular segments fastened to each other and laid with rails in the length direction, and a plurality of subsequent facilities arranged behind the main body of the equipment so as to be able to travel on the rails. The trolley is connected to the equipment main body and the leading following equipment trolley so as to be expandable and contractible with respect to the trolley, and an intermediate portion is provided so as to be able to travel on the rail of the equipment main body. It is characterized by having a traction member that extends by digging, contracts by stopping digging of the equipment body, and pulls the following equipment carriage so as to follow the movement of the equipment body.

The shield excavator of the present invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 1, the traction member is connected to the front body portion of the main body of the device.

The shield excavator of the present invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the towing member includes a towing relay carriage provided so as to travel on the rail and the device main body. A first tow rod extensiblely provided between the tow relay carriage, a first contraction member for contracting the first tow rod, and the tow relay carriage and the leading following equipment carriage. It is characterized in that it includes a second tow rod provided between the two.

In the shield excavator of the present invention according to claim 4, in the invention according to claim 3, the first traction rod is a telescopic type, and the first contraction member is a lever hoist. It is characterized by.

In the invention according to claim 3 or 4, the shield excavator of the present invention according to claim 5 has the second traction rod expandable and contractible, and the traction member has the second traction rod. It is characterized by further including a second shrinking member that shrinks.

In the shield excavator of the present invention according to claim 6, in the invention according to claim 5, the second traction rod is a telescopic type, and the second contraction member is a lever hoist. It is characterized by.

In order to solve the above problems, the method of digging the shield digging machine of the present invention according to claim 7 is a method of digging a shield digging machine using the shield digging machine according to claim 1 or 2, and the device main body. At least once, a step of extending the traction member by digging and a step of contracting the traction member to pull a plurality of the following equipment trolleys when the device main body stops digging. It is characterized by executing and digging the ground in a curved shape.

In order to solve the above problems, the method of digging the shield digging machine of the present invention according to claim 8 is a method of digging a shield digging machine using the shield digging machine according to claim 3 or 4, and the device main body. The step of extending the first traction rod by digging, and when the device main body stops digging, the first contraction member contracts the first traction rod to perform a plurality of the following. It is characterized in that the ground is dug in a curved shape by executing the two steps of towing the equipment trolley at least once.

In order to solve the above problems, the method of digging the shield digging machine of the present invention according to claim 9 is a method of digging a shield digging machine using the shield digging machine according to claim 5 or 6, and the main body of the device. When is in the curved portion of the excavated ground, the step of making the second traction rod inextensible and extending the first traction rod by digging the device body, and the device body stopping the digging. At that time, the two steps of the step of contracting the first traction rod by the first contraction member to pull the plurality of subsequent equipment trolleys were executed at least once, and the equipment main body was excavated. A step of making the first traction rod inextensible and extending the second traction rod by digging the main body of the device when the traction member escapes from the curved portion of the ground and is inside the curved portion. At least one of two steps, that is, a step of contracting the second traction rod by the second contraction member to pull the plurality of subsequent equipment trolleys when the device main body stops digging, is performed at least once. It is characterized by executing and digging the ground in a curved shape.

Since the plurality of trailing equipment carriages are pulled toward the midpoint of the towing member instead of the tip point of the towing member which is the total length of the towing member, the following equipment carriage can bend the rail even if the towing member becomes long. become. As a result, it is not necessary to excavate the ground in a curved shape with a curvature considering the length of the traction member, so that the curvature when the equipment main body excavates the ground in a curved shape is not restricted by the traction member.

It is a conceptual diagram which showed the inside of the shield pit constructed in the inner circumference of the shield digger and the pit by the shield digger of this embodiment through the side surface. It is a side view which shows the main part of the shield excavator of FIG. It is a top view which shows the main part of the shield excavator of FIG. It is sectional drawing along the line AA in the shield excavator of FIG. It is sectional drawing along the line BB in the shield excavator of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which excavates the ground in a curved shape by the shield excavator of this embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which continuously shows the state which excavates the ground in a curved shape by a shield excavator when the main body of a device is in the curved part of the excavated ground. It is explanatory drawing which continuously shows the state which excavates the ground in a curved shape by a shield excavator when the apparatus main body escapes from the curved part of the ground and the traction member is in the curved part.

Hereinafter, embodiments as an example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, in the drawing for demonstrating the embodiment, the same constituent elements are in principle given the same reference numerals, and the repeated description thereof will be omitted.

The shield excavator M of the present embodiment is, for example, a mud pressure type shield machine (sealed type shield machine), and its outer shape is formed in an elongated columnar shape along the excavation direction. The shield excavator M includes a device main body 2 provided with a cutter head (cutter board) 1.

The cutter head 1 is a disk-shaped excavator for excavating the face of the ground, and is provided on the front surface of the device main body 2 (the surface facing the face) and supported in a state of being rotatable along the outer periphery of the cutter head 1. ing. A plurality of excavation members 1a for excavating the ground such as a center bit, a roller cutter, a bit, and a scraper tooth are provided at the front portion of the cutter head 1, and excavated earth and sand are shielded in the chamber 3 of the excavator M. There is an opening (not shown) for taking in.

The device main body 2 includes a device for driving the shield excavator M, a device for transporting excavated earth and sand to the rear, and the like. The device main body 2 includes a front body portion 2-1 and a rear body portion 2-2 behind the front body portion 2-1 and a tail seal 2-3 further behind the rear body portion 2-2.

The front body portion 2-1 and the rear body portion 2-2 are formed of, for example, a cylindrical steel plate, and form a portion that forms the outer shape of the device body 2 and forms a hollow space inside the device body 2. Is. The front fuselage 2-1 and the rear fuselage 2-2 have a spherical bearing at the tip of the rear fuselage 2-2 on the rear end side of the front fuselage 2-1 on the inner peripheral surface of the front fuselage 2-1. It is engaged by entering in contact with.

The tail seal 2-3 is a sealing member that prevents groundwater or the like from entering the equipment body 2 from the rear part of the equipment body 2 during excavation work, and has a rear body portion at the rear end portion of the rear body portion 2-2. It is installed in a frame shape along the inner circumference of 2-2.

As shown in FIG. 1, a partition wall 4 is provided at a position retracted inward from the front end of the device main body 2. The partition wall 4 is a member that divides the inside of the device main body 2 into a face side and an inside of the machine, and on the face side (that is, between the cutter head 1 and the partition wall 4), the earth and sand excavated by the cutter head 1 (excavated soil). ) Etc. are provided in the above-mentioned chamber 3.

On the other hand, inside the machine body 2, a cutter drive unit 2a, a center-folding jack 2b, a shield jack 2c, a screw conveyor 2d, etc. are provided, as well as an elector (segment assembly device), an additive material injection unit, which are not shown. Various devices such as an earth pressure detection unit are provided.

The cutter drive unit 2a is a rotary drive means for rotating the cutter head 1, and includes, for example, a hydraulic motor as a drive source. Here, an intermediate support drive system is exemplified as a cutter drive system. That is, a plurality of cutter drive units 2a are arranged side by side along the circumferential direction of the cutter head 1 between the center and the outer circumference in the front surface of the cutter head 1.

The center-folding jack 2b is a device that connects the front body portion 2-1 and the rear body portion 2-2 and corrects the excavation direction of the shield excavator M. A plurality of excavators M are arranged side by side along the circumferential direction. By supplying pressure oil to the center-folded jack 2b and propelling the shield excavator M in a state where the front body portion 2-1 and the rear body portion 2-2 are refracted in a predetermined direction and angle, the shield is shielded. It is possible to control the propulsion direction and attitude of the excavator M.

The shield jack 2c is a device that generates a propulsive force for advancing the shield excavator M by taking a reaction force on a segment SG installed behind the device main body 2, and is a front near the inner wall of the machine of the device main body 2. A plurality of shield excavators M are arranged side by side along the circumferential direction so as to straddle the boundary between the body portion 2-1 and the rear body portion 2-2.

The screw conveyor 2d is a conveyor that conveys the excavated earth and sand taken into the chamber 3 to the outside of the machine, and is provided in a state of extending diagonally upward from the lower part of the front body portion 2-1 toward the center in the height direction. Has been done. The screw conveyor 2d is composed of, for example, a ribbon type screw conveyor. That is, it is provided in a rotatable state in the soil discharge pipe of the screw conveyor 2d, and is provided with a shaftless screw portion that pushes mud or the like in the soil discharge pipe rearward by a rotational operation. An earth removal pipe (not shown) is connected to the discharge end of the screw conveyor 2d, and the excavated earth and sand is carried out by being placed on a slip-out trolley (not shown) or the like through the earth removal pipe.

In this shield excavator M, a shield pit T is constructed on the inner circumference of the pit by the equipment main body 2. The shield pit T is composed of a plurality of segment SGs that are installed along the circumferential direction of the excavation pit and are mutually fastened by fastening members (not shown). The segment SG is composed of, for example, a flat concrete segment or a synthetic segment (composite structure of concrete and steel), and the segment constituent 7 (FIG. 4) carried in from the outside is annularly formed on the inner circumference of the excavation pit. Assembled and constructed.

Two sets of rails R1 and R2 are laid in the constructed shield pit T along the length direction thereof (FIGS. 4 and 5). The rail R1 is a rail for moving the following equipment bogie 5 along the longitudinal direction of the shield pit T following the excavation of the shield excavator M, and the rail R2 is a transport towed by a battery loco or a battery loco. This is the rail on which the bogie 6 runs. Therefore, the plurality of trailing equipment trolleys 5 are arranged behind the equipment main body 2 in a state in which they can travel on the rail R1 and in a state in which the plurality of transport trolleys 6 can travel on the rail R2. The following equipment carriage 5 moves on the rail R1 following the excavation of the shield excavator M.

Here, the following equipment trolley 5 is a trolley provided with the following equipment of the shield excavator M. For example, an operation trolley, a shield hydraulic unit trolley, a cutter hydraulic unit trolley, a cutter oil tank trolley, a tail grease pump trolley, and a control panel trolley. , Transformer trolley, mud trolley, air pumping and material trolley, high pressure cable trolley, instrumentation cable trolley, capsule air pipe trolley, etc.

The battery locomotive is a locomotive powered by electricity, and the transport carriage 6 is a carriage for transporting members including materials such as segment constituents 7, rails, sleepers, pipes, and bolts.

As shown in FIG. 1, a traction member 10 is arranged between the device main body 2 and the leading following equipment carriage 5. This is to provide a space for storing the materials transported by the transport trolley 6 immediately after the device main body 2.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the tip of the traction member 10 is attached to the front body portion 2-1 of the equipment main body 2 (specifically, to the screw conveyor 2d provided on the front body portion 2-1) to the joint J. The rear end portion is refractably connected to the leading following equipment carriage 5 via a joint J. The connection portion of the tip end portion of the towing member 10 is not limited to the front body portion 2-1 but may be the rear body portion 2-2 or any other place.

As shown in detail in FIGS. 2 and 3, the traction member 10 includes a traction relay carriage 11 provided at an intermediate position, a first traction rod 10a provided between the device main body 2 and the traction relay carriage 11, and A second tow rod 10b provided between the tow relay carriage 11 and the leading following equipment carriage 5 is provided.

Here, as shown in FIG. 4, the traction relay carriage 11 is installed on the rail R1 so as to be able to travel on the rail R1. Further, the first traction rod 10a and the second traction rod 10b have a telescopic type extendable structure, and are extended by digging the device main body 2. In FIG. 4, a trolley for transporting the segment constituent member 7 is shown on the rail R2 as an example of the transport trolley 6, and the segment constituent member 7 is carried into the rear of the equipment main body 2 by the transport trolley 6. , Assemble the segment SG with Elekta.

The first tow rod 10a and the tow relay carriage 11 and the second tow rod 10b and the tow relay carriage 11 are also refractably connected via the joint J.

Further, in the traction member 10, a lever hoist (first contraction member) 12a for contracting the first traction rod 10a contracts the second traction rod 10b to the rear portion of the first traction rod 10a. A lever hoist (second contracting member) 12b for lengthening is provided at the rear of the second traction rod 10b, respectively. Then, by operating the levers of the lever hoists 12a and 12b when the digging of the device main body 2 is stopped, the tow rods 10a and 10b extended as described above are shortened by using the guide force of the operator. To.

Here, the first traction rod 10a and the second traction rod 10b may have a structure other than the telescopic type as long as they can be expanded and contracted. Further, the lever hoist 12a and the lever hoist 12b are merely examples of the first contracting member and the second contracting member, and other as long as the first traction rod 10a and the second traction rod 10b can be contracted. Various means can be used.

The upper portions of the first traction rod 10a and the second traction rod 10b have a substantially U-shaped shape that opens upward, and are held for holding a pipe or the like extending rearward from the device main body 2. A plurality of tools 13a are attached at predetermined intervals. Further, a plurality of hooks 13b for holding wiring extending rearward from the device main body 2 are attached to the lower portions of the first traction rod 10a and the second traction rod 10b at predetermined intervals.

Next, a case where the ground is excavated in a curved shape by the shield excavator M having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8.

In the shield excavator M of the present embodiment, when excavating the ground in a curved shape, as shown in FIG. 6, the step of extending the traction member 10 by excavating the equipment main body 2 and the equipment main body 2 excavating. When stopped, the two steps of contracting the towing member 10 and pulling the plurality of subsequent equipment trolleys 5 following the towing member 10 are repeatedly executed once or a plurality of times.

That is, as shown in FIG. 7, when the device main body 2 is in the curved portion of the excavated ground, the device is set so that the second traction rod 10b cannot be stretched so that the first traction rod 10a can be stretched. The main body 2 is excavated (FIG. 7 (a)), and the first tow rod 10a is extended (FIG. 7 (b)).

Next, if the device main body 2 digs for the length of one segment SG and stops digging, the lever hoist 12a is operated to contract the first tow rod 10a, and the plurality of subsequent equipment trolleys 5 (Fig. 7 (c)).

Then, the ground is dug in a curved shape while repeating these two steps once or a plurality of times.

At this time, due to the contraction of the first tow rod 10a, the plurality of subsequent equipment trolleys 5 are connected to the tip point of the tow member 10 which is the total length of the tow member 10 (the connection point between the device main body 2 and the first tow rod 10a). ), That is, it is pulled toward the intermediate point of the towing member 10, that is, the connection point P between the second towing rod 10b and the towing relay carriage 11, which is about half the length of the towing member 10.

As a result, even if the towing member 10 becomes long, the following equipment carriage 5 can bend the rail R1, so that it is not necessary to dig the ground in a curved shape with a curvature considering the length of the towing member 10. Therefore, the curvature of the equipment body 2 when excavating the ground in a curved shape is not restricted by the traction member 10.

Then, when the device main body 2 escapes from the curved portion of the ground and the traction member 10 is in the curved portion, as shown in FIG. 8, the second traction rod 10a cannot be extended this time. The device main body 2 is dug up so that the 10b can be extended (FIG. 8 (a)), and the second tow rod 10b is extended (FIG. 8 (b)).

Then, when the device main body 2 digs for the length of one segment SG and stops digging, for example, the lever hoist 12b is operated to contract the second tow rod 10b, and the plurality of subsequent equipment trolleys 5 are used. Tow (Fig. 8 (c)).

These two steps are repeated once or a plurality of times until the traction member 10 escapes from the curved ground.

At this time, due to the contraction of the second traction rod 10b, the traction member is pulled toward the connection point P between the second traction rod 10b and the traction relay carriage 11, which is about half the length of the traction member 10. Even if 10 becomes longer, the following equipment trolley 5 can bend the rail R1, and the curvature when the equipment main body 2 excavates the ground in a curved shape is not restricted by the traction member 10.

In addition, only the first traction rod 10a can be expanded and contracted, and only the lever hoist 12a is provided. The second traction rod 10b has no expansion and contraction function, and the lever hoist 12b is also omitted. Even when the traction member 10 escapes from the curved portion of the ground and is inside the curved portion, the step shown in FIG. 7, that is, the step of digging the device main body 2 and extending the first traction rod 10a, and the device main body 2 When the digging is stopped, the step of operating the lever hoist 12a to contract the first traction rod 10a and towing the plurality of subsequent equipment trolleys 5 may be repeated once or a plurality of times.

However, if the process shown in FIG. 8 is executed when the device main body 2 escapes from the curved portion of the ground and the traction member 10 is in the curved portion, the curved portion is relative to the equipment main body 2 for digging the straight portion. The towing member 10 in the above can smoothly tow the following equipment trolley 5.

Although the invention made by the present inventor has been specifically described above based on the embodiments, the embodiments disclosed in the present specification are exemplary in all respects and are limited to the disclosed technology. is not it. That is, the technical scope of the present invention is not limitedly interpreted based on the description in the above-described embodiment, but should be interpreted according to the description of the claims, and the scope of claims. All changes are included as long as they do not deviate from the description technology and the technology equivalent to the above and the gist of the claims.

In the above description, the case where the present invention is applied to a muddy earth pressure shield machine has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, muddy water is pumped into a muddy water chamber between the cutter head and the main body of the device to provide muddy water. It may be applied to a muddy water type shield machine that excavates the ground by pressing the cutter head against the face and rotating it while stabilizing the face by setting the pressure of the muddy water in the room to a pressure commensurate with the earth pressure and ground water pressure of the face. ..

1 Cutter head 1a Excavation member 2 Equipment body 2-1 Front body 2-2 Rear body 2-3 Tail seal 2a Cutter drive 2b Jack 2c Shield jack 2d Screw conveyor 3 Chamber 4 Partition 5 Subsequent equipment trolley 6 Transport trolley 7 Segment component 10 Tow member 10a First tow rod 10b Second tow rod 11 Tow relay carriage 12a Lever hoist (first contraction member)
12b Lever hoist (second contraction member)
13a Holder 13b Hook J Joint M Shield digger P Connection point R1, R2 Rail SG segment T Shield pit

Claims (9)

A cutter board provided on the front of the main body of the device in a rotatable state,
A shield pit constructed on the inner circumference of the excavation pit by the main body of the equipment, composed of a plurality of annular segments fastened to each other, and rails laid in the length direction.
A plurality of following equipment trolleys arranged behind the main body of the device in a state of being able to run on the rail, and
A stretchable and refractable connection is made between the device main body and the leading following equipment carriage, and an intermediate portion is provided so as to be able to travel on the rail, and the device main body is extended by digging. Then, a traction member that contracts when the digging stop of the equipment body is stopped and pulls the following equipment trolley so as to follow the movement of the equipment body.
A shield excavator characterized by having. The traction member is connected to the front body of the device body.
The shield excavator according to claim 1. The traction member is
A tow relay trolley provided so as to be able to run on the rail, and
A first traction rod provided so as to be expandable and contractible between the device main body and the traction relay carriage,
A first contraction member that contracts the first traction rod,
A second tow rod provided between the tow relay carriage and the leading following equipment carriage, and
To prepare
The shield excavator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the shield excavator. The first traction rod is a telescopic type, and the first contraction member is a lever hoist.
The shield excavator according to claim 3, wherein the shield excavator is characterized in that. The second traction rod is expandable and contractible.
The traction member further includes a second contracting member that contracts the second traction rod.
The shield excavator according to claim 3 or 4. The second traction rod is a telescopic type, and the second contraction member is a lever hoist.
The shield excavator according to claim 5, wherein the shield excavator is characterized in that. A method of digging a shield digger using the shield digger according to claim 1 or 2.
A process of extending the traction member by digging the device body,
A step of contracting the towing member to pull a plurality of the following equipment carriages when the equipment main body stops excavation.
Perform the two steps of the above at least once to dig the ground in a curved shape.
A method of excavating a shield excavator, which is characterized by this. A method of digging a shield digger using the shield digger according to claim 3 or 4.
A step of extending the first traction rod by digging the device body,
A step of contracting the first traction rod by the first contracting member to traction the plurality of subsequent equipment trolleys when the equipment main body stops digging.
Perform the two steps of the above at least once to dig the ground in a curved shape.
A method of excavating a shield excavator, which is characterized by this. A method of digging a shield digger using the shield digger according to claim 5 or 6.
When the device main body is in the curved portion of the excavated ground, the step of making the second traction rod inextensible and extending the first traction rod by digging the device body, and the device body When the excavation is stopped, the two steps of shortening the first tow rod by the first shortening member and pulling the plurality of subsequent equipment trolleys are executed at least once.
When the equipment body escapes from the curved portion of the ground excavated and the traction member is in the curved portion, the first traction rod is made inextensible and the second traction is performed by digging the equipment body. A step of extending the rod and a step of contracting the second traction rod by the second contraction member to pull the plurality of subsequent equipment trolleys when the equipment main body stops digging. Perform the two steps at least once to dig the ground in a curved line,
A method of excavating a shield excavator, which is characterized by this.

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