JP6893639B2 - がんの判定方法、がんの判定のための装置及びコンピュータプログラム - Google Patents
がんの判定方法、がんの判定のための装置及びコンピュータプログラム Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明のがんの判定方法(以下、単に「判定方法」ともいう)では、まず、被検者から採取した液体試料中の遊離タンパク質マーカーとして遊離PD-L1及び遊離PD-1を測定する。本実施形態では、遊離PD-L1及び遊離PD-1に加えて、遊離CTLA-4をさらに測定してもよい。
本発明の範囲には、上記の本実施形態に係るがんの判定方法を実施するための装置も含まれる。そのような装置は、がんの判定装置(以下、単に「判定装置」ともいう)である。また、本発明の範囲には、上記の本実施形態に係るがんの判定方法をコンピュータに実行させるためのコンピュータプログラムも含まれる。そのようなコンピュータプログラムは、がんの判定のためのコンピュータプログラムである。
実施例1では、健常人由来の液体試料とがん患者由来の液体試料とを、遊離タンパク質マーカーの濃度値に基づいて判別した。
液体試料として、健常人及びがん患者から得たヒト血漿(EDTA含有)を用いた。健常人の血漿(50検体)はBioreclamationIVT社より入手し、がん患者の血漿(60検体)はProteogenentec社及びBioreclamationIVT社より入手した。がん患者の内訳は、肺がん患者(21検体)、腎臓がん患者(18検体)、メラノーマ患者(15検体)及び卵巣がん患者(6検体)である。
(2.1) 試薬の調製
(2.1.1) 第1試薬(ビオチン標識抗体溶液)
・PD-L1捕捉用第1試薬
捕捉用抗体として、抗PD-L1抗体(クローンNo.27A2)を用いた。この抗体を、Biotin Labeling Kit-SH (Catalog No. LK10、同人化学社製)を用いてビオチンで標識した。具体的な操作は、該キットに添付のマニュアルに従って行った。得られたビオチン標識抗PD-L1抗体を100 mM MES(pH 6.5)に添加して、PD-L1捕捉用第1試薬(抗体濃度5μg/ml)を調製した。
捕捉用抗体として、抗PD-1抗体(クローンNo.MIH4)を用いた。この抗体を、上記と同様にしてビオチンで標識した。得られたビオチン標識抗PD-1抗体を100 mM HEPES(pH 7.5)に添加して、PD-1捕捉用第1試薬(抗体濃度5μg/ml)を調製した。
捕捉用抗体として、抗CTLA-4抗体(クローンNo.BNI3)を用いた。この抗体を、上記と同様にしてビオチンで標識した。得られたビオチン標識抗CTLA-4抗体を100 mM MES(pH 6.5)に添加して、CTLA-4捕捉用第1試薬(抗体濃度5μg/ml)を調製した。
表面にストレプトアビジンが固定された磁性粒子(平均粒子径2μm。磁性粒子1gあたりのストレプトアビジンの量は2.9〜3.5 mg。以下、「STA結合磁性粒子」ともいう)を、10 mM HEPES緩衝液(pH 7.5)で3回洗浄した。洗浄後のSTA結合磁性粒子を、ストレプトアビジン濃度が18〜22μg/ml(STA結合磁性粒子の濃度が0.48〜0.52 mg/ml)となるように、10 mM HEPES(pH 7.5)に添加し、STA結合粒子含有液を得た。
・PD-L1検出用第3試薬
検出用抗体として、抗PD-L1抗体(クローンNo. 9L814)を用いた。この抗体を、Alkaline Phosphatase Labeling Kit-SH (Catalog No. LK13、同人化学社製)を用いてアルカリホスファターゼで標識した。具体的な操作は、該キットに添付のマニュアルに従って行った。得られたアルカリホスファターゼ標識抗PD-L1抗体をゲルろ過にて精製した。このアルカリホスファターゼ標識抗PD-L1抗体を、100 mM MES(pH 6.5)に75倍希釈となるように添加してPD-L1検出用第3試薬を調製した。
検出用抗体として、抗PD-1抗体(クローンNo.PD1.3.1.3)を用いた。この抗体を、上記と同様にしてアルカリホスファターゼで標識し、精製した。得られたアルカリホスファターゼ標識抗PD-1抗体を、100 mM HEPES(pH 7.5)に75倍希釈となるように添加して、PD-1検出用第3試薬を調製した。
検出用抗体として、抗CTLA-4抗体(クローンNo.14D3)を用いた。この抗体を、上記と同様にしてアルカリホスファターゼで標識し、精製した。得られたアルカリホスファターゼ標識抗CTLA-4抗体を、100 mM MES(pH 6.5)に75倍希釈となるように添加して、CTLA-4検出用第3試薬を調製した。
HISCL R4試薬(シスメックス株式会社製)を第4試薬として使用した。
アルカリホスファターゼの化学発光基質としてCDP-Star(登録商標)(アプライドバイオシステムズ社)を含むHISCL R5試薬(シスメックス株式会社製)を、第5試薬として使用した。
各遊離タンパク質マーカーの測定は、上記の第1〜第5試薬を用いて全自動免疫測定装置HISCL-800(シスメックス株式会社製)により行った。なお、この測定は、磁性粒子上でのサンドイッチELISAをベースとしている。具体的には、第1試薬(50μL)に血漿(20μL)を加えて混合した後、第2試薬(30μL)を加えて混合した。得られた混合液中の磁性粒子を集磁して上清を除き、HISCL洗浄液(300μL)を加えて磁性粒子を洗浄した。上清を除き、磁性粒子に第3試薬(80μL)を添加して混合した。得られた混合液中の磁性粒子を集磁して上清を除き、HISCL洗浄液(300μL)を加えて磁性粒子を洗浄した。上清を除き、磁性粒子に第4試薬(50μL)及び第5試薬(100μL)を添加し、よく混合して、化学発光強度を測定した。反応時間は全工程を通して17分間であった。得られた化学発光強度を検量線に当てはめて、各遊離タンパク質マーカーの濃度を算出した。
健常人(n=50)及びがん患者(n=60)のそれぞれに由来する液体試料中のマーカーの濃度値から、多重ロジスティックモデルに基づいて、各検体の予測値(P)を算出した。具体的には、予測値を下記の回帰式から算出した。この多重ロジスティック回帰分析はStatFlex(アーテック社製)を用いて行った。
回帰式: P=1/(1+exp(−x))
20 免疫測定装置
30 コンピュータシステム
40 記録媒体
300 コンピュータ本体
301 入力部
302 表示部
310 CPU
311 ROM
312 RAM
313 ハードディスク
314 入出力インターフェイス
315 読取装置
316 通信インターフェイス
317 画像出力インターフェイス
318 バス
Claims (9)
- 被検者から採取した血液試料中の遊離タンパク質マーカーとして遊離PD-L1 (Programmed cell death-ligand 1)及び遊離PD-1 (Programmed cell death-1)を測定する工程と、
測定結果に基づいて、前記血液試料が、がんを罹患した被検者から採取されたものであるか否かを判定する工程と
を含み、
前記がんが、肺がん、腎臓がん、卵巣がん又はメラノーマである、
がんの判定方法。 - 前記測定工程において、前記血液試料中の遊離タンパク質マーカーとして遊離CTLA-4 (Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4)をさらに測定し、
前記判定工程において、前記遊離PD-L1、前記遊離PD-1及び前記遊離CTLA-4の測定結果に基づいて、前記血液試料が、前記がんを罹患した被検者から採取されたものであるか否かが判定される、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記判定工程において、前記測定工程で取得した前記遊離タンパク質マーカーの測定値と、各マーカーに対応する所定の閾値とを比較し、比較結果に基づいて、前記血液試料が、前記がんに罹患した被検者から採取されたものであるか否かを判定する請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記判定工程において、前記測定工程で取得した前記遊離タンパク質マーカーの測定値から多変量解析によって取得される予測値と、予測値に対応する所定の閾値とを比較し、比較結果に基づいて、前記血液試料が、前記がんに罹患した被検者から採取されたものであるか否かを判定する請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記多変量解析が、ロジスティック回帰分析である請求項4に記載の方法。
- プロセッサ及び前記プロセッサの制御下にあるメモリを含むコンピュータを備え、
前記メモリには、下記のステップ:
被検者から採取した血液試料中の遊離タンパク質マーカーとして遊離PD-L1 (Programmed cell death-ligand 1)及び遊離PD-1 (Programmed cell death-1)の測定値を取得するステップと、
前記マーカーの測定値に基づいて、前記血液試料が、がんを罹患した被検者から採取されたものであるか否かを判定するステップと
を前記コンピュータに実行させるためのコンピュータプログラムが記録され、
前記がんが、肺がん、腎臓がん、卵巣がん又はメラノーマである、
がんの判定装置。 - 前記測定値取得ステップにおいて、前記血液試料中の遊離タンパク質マーカーとして遊離CTLA-4 (Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4)の測定値をさらに取得する請求項6に記載の装置。
- コンピュータが読み取り可能な媒体に記録されているコンピュータプログラムであって、
前記コンピュータプログラムが、下記のステップ:
被検者から採取した血液試料中の遊離タンパク質マーカーとして遊離PD-L1 (Programmed cell death-ligand 1)及び遊離PD-1 (Programmed cell death-1)の測定値を取得するステップと、
前記マーカーの測定値に基づいて、前記血液試料が、がんを罹患した被検者から採取されたものであるか否かを判定するステップと
を前記コンピュータに実行させるためのコンピュータプログラムであり、
前記がんが、肺がん、腎臓がん、卵巣がん又はメラノーマである、
がんの判定のためのコンピュータプログラム。 - 前記測定値取得ステップにおいて、前記血液試料中の遊離タンパク質マーカーとして遊離CTLA-4 (Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4)の測定値をさらに取得する請求項8に記載のコンピュータプログラム。
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