JP6880135B2 - 3次元の物体を付加製造する装置 - Google Patents
3次元の物体を付加製造する装置 Download PDFInfo
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 86
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000003326 Quality management system Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000110 selective laser sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/264—Arrangements for irradiation
- B29C64/268—Arrangements for irradiation using laser beams; using electron beams [EB]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/067—Dividing the beam into multiple beams, e.g. multifocusing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
- B23K26/705—Beam measuring device
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/001—Rapid manufacturing of 3D objects by additive depositing, agglomerating or laminating of material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
- B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
- Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
Description
−視準光学系と集束光学系との間に位置する第1のビームスプリッタを備え、第1の光ビーム経路が、視準光学系から集束光学系を通って造形平面上へ延び、第2の光ビーム経路が、視準光学系から第1の測定デバイスへ延び、第3の光ビーム経路が、造形平面及び/又は造形平面と集束光学系との間の表面から集束光学系を通って第2の測定デバイスへ延び、
−第1の測定デバイスは、エネルギービームの視準部分に関する情報を生成するように構成され、
−第2の測定デバイスは、造形平面の一区間から放出される放射に関する情報及び/又はエネルギービームの集束部分に関する情報を生成するように構成される。
−現在のビームパワー
−視準光学系の現在の焦点距離
を含み又はそれに関するという点でさらに改善することができる。
−現在の焦点位置
−造形平面の照射領域内の温度
−集束光学系の光学パラメータ、特に焦点距離
を含み又はそれに関する。
2 3次元の物体
3 造形材料、造形材料層
4 エネルギービーム
5 測定ユニット
6 視準部分
7 集束部分
8 第1のビームスプリッタ
9 第1の光ビーム経路
10 視準光学系
11 集束光学系
12 造形平面
13 第2の光ビーム経路
14 第1の測定デバイス
15 第3の光ビーム経路
16 第2の測定デバイス
17 第2のビームスプリッタ
18 第1の下位区分
19 第2の下位区分
20 第1の光センサ
21 第2の光センサ
22 光学絞り
23 保護ガラス
24 2色性ビームスプリッタ
25 (エネルギービームの一つの)部分
26 (エネルギービームの一つの)部分
27 溶融プール監視ユニット
Claims (12)
- エネルギービームによって固化することができる造形材料層を連続して層ごとに選択的に照射及び固化することによって3次元の物体を付加製造する装置において、前記装置は測定ユニットを備え、前記測定ユニットは、
視準光学系と、集束光学系と、前記視準光学系と前記集束光学系との間に位置する第1のビームスプリッタと、
前記エネルギービームの視準部分に関する情報を生成するよう構成された第1の測定デバイスであって、前記情報は前記視準光学系の現在の焦点距離を含むか、それに関連する、第1の測定デバイスと
前記エネルギービームの集束部分に関する情報を生成するように構成された第2の測定デバイスであって、前記情報は前記集束光学系の現在の焦点位置及び前記集束光学系の光学パラメータの少なくとも一つを含むか、それに関連し、前記集束光学系の光学パラメータは前記集束光学系の焦点距離を含む、第2の測定デバイスと、を備え、
前記第1のビームスプリッタは、前記視準光学系を通って延びた前記エネルギービームの一部を反射して前記エネルギービームの視準部分(6)を提供するとともに、前記エネルギービームの一部を前記集束光学系を通って延ばして前記エネルギービームの集束部分を提供する、装置。 - 前記エネルギービームの集束部分の少なくとも一部は前記集束光学系を通って造形平面上へ延びる第1の光ビーム経路を形成し、前記エネルギービームの視準部分の少なくとも一部は前記第1の測定デバイスへ延びる第2の光ビーム経路を形成し、第3の光ビーム経路が、前記造形平面及び/又は前記造形平面と前記集束光学系との間の表面から前記集束光学系を通って前記第2の測定デバイスへ延びる、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記第2の測定デバイスは、前記造形平面の一区間から放出される放射に関する情報を生成するように構成される、請求項2に記載の装置。
- 前記第1の測定デバイスは、前記第2の光ビーム経路を進む前記エネルギービームを2つの下位区分に分割するように構成された第2のビームスプリッタを備え、且つ/又は前記第2の測定デバイスは、前記エネルギービームのうち前記第3の光ビーム経路を進む部分を2つの下位区分に分割するように構成された第2のビームスプリッタを備える、請求項2又は請求項3に記載の装置。
- 前記第1の測定デバイス及び/又は前記第2の測定デバイスは、2つの光センサを備え、第1の下位区分は、第1の光センサを介して測定され、第2の下位区分は、第2の光センサを介して測定される、請求項4に記載の装置。
- 同じ測定デバイスの少なくとも2つの光センサは、異なる距離をあけて配置され、且つ/又は前記第2のビームスプリッタに対して可動である、請求項5に記載の装置。
- 前記第2の測定デバイスは、前記第3の光ビーム経路を進む放射を、前記造形平面(の一区間から溶融プール監視ユニットへ延びる第1の下位経路と、前記集束光学系と前記造形平面との間の表面から前記第2の測定デバイスの第2のビームスプリッタへ反射される第2の下位経路と、に分割するように構成された2色性ビームスプリッタを備える、請求項2〜6のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記第1の測定デバイスによって生成される前記情報は、前記視準光学系の現在のビームパワーを含み、又はそれに関する、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記第2の測定デバイスによって生成される前記情報は、造形平面の照射領域内の温度を含み、又はそれに関する、請求項1〜8のいずれか一つに記載の装置。
- 前記集束光学系と造形平面(12)との間に配置された保護ガラスを有し、前記保護ガラスは、前記エネルギービームの少なくとも一部分を反射するように構成される、請求項1〜9のいずれか一つに記載の装置。
- 前記保護ガラスによって反射された前記エネルギービームの焦点位置内に位置する光学絞りを有する、請求項10に記載の装置。
- 前記測定ユニットによって生成される情報に応じて、前記エネルギービームの集束位置を制御するように構成された制御ユニットを有する、請求項1〜11のいずれか一つに記載の装置。
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EP17187994.3A EP3446854B1 (en) | 2017-08-25 | 2017-08-25 | Apparatus and method for additively manufacturing of three-dimensional objects |
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CN (1) | CN109421261A (ja) |
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EP3446854B1 (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2021-10-13 | CL Schutzrechtsverwaltungs GmbH | Apparatus and method for additively manufacturing of three-dimensional objects |
US11577320B2 (en) | 2020-06-15 | 2023-02-14 | Thermo Electron Scientific Instruments Llc | Shutter assembly for x-ray detection |
US20220152918A1 (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2022-05-19 | General Electric Company | Energy beam systems for additive manufacturing machines |
EP4074492B1 (de) * | 2021-04-13 | 2023-09-20 | Leister Technologies AG | System zum fügen von werkstücken aus thermoplastischem kunststoff mittels laserdurchstrahlschweissen |
JP7330402B1 (ja) * | 2022-07-27 | 2023-08-21 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 付加製造装置 |
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JP2009083240A (ja) * | 2007-09-28 | 2009-04-23 | Sony Corp | 光造形装置 |
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CN106273499A (zh) * | 2016-09-04 | 2017-01-04 | 芜湖纯元光电设备技术有限公司 | 一种3d打印机用智能化多色光成像装置 |
CN206425548U (zh) * | 2016-10-12 | 2017-08-22 | 机械科学研究总院先进制造技术研究中心 | 激光引导多金属熔融沉积增材制造设备 |
US20180154443A1 (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2018-06-07 | Velo3D, Inc. | Optics, detectors, and three-dimensional printing |
US10611092B2 (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2020-04-07 | Velo3D, Inc. | Optics in three-dimensional printing |
CN106984813B (zh) * | 2017-04-14 | 2019-08-20 | 华南理工大学 | 一种激光选区熔化加工过程同轴监测方法及装置 |
EP3446854B1 (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2021-10-13 | CL Schutzrechtsverwaltungs GmbH | Apparatus and method for additively manufacturing of three-dimensional objects |
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