JP6858747B2 - 便微生物試料を調製する方法 - Google Patents
便微生物試料を調製する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6858747B2 JP6858747B2 JP2018506488A JP2018506488A JP6858747B2 JP 6858747 B2 JP6858747 B2 JP 6858747B2 JP 2018506488 A JP2018506488 A JP 2018506488A JP 2018506488 A JP2018506488 A JP 2018506488A JP 6858747 B2 JP6858747 B2 JP 6858747B2
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- 238000004895 liquid chromatography mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000019423 liver disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000006166 lysate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N mannotriose Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OC1C(CO)OC(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)C(O)C1O FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- VAOCPAMSLUNLGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N metronidazole Chemical compound CC1=NC=C([N+]([O-])=O)N1CCO VAOCPAMSLUNLGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000282 metronidazole Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012543 microbiological analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009629 microbiological culture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002482 oligosaccharides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001575 pathological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000770 proinflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LJPYJRMMPVFEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-ynylurea Chemical compound NC(=O)NCC#C LJPYJRMMPVFEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004451 qualitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003757 reverse transcription PCR Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940083542 sodium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000015424 sodium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000240 steatosis hepatitis Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012134 supernatant fraction Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000031068 symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960001295 tocopherol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010384 tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001148471 unidentified anaerobic bacterium Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000004291 uterus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229960003165 vancomycin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MYPYJXKWCTUITO-UHFFFAOYSA-N vancomycin Natural products O1C(C(=C2)Cl)=CC=C2C(O)C(C(NC(C2=CC(O)=CC(O)=C2C=2C(O)=CC=C3C=2)C(O)=O)=O)NC(=O)C3NC(=O)C2NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC)C(O)C(C=C3Cl)=CC=C3OC3=CC2=CC1=C3OC1OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C1OC1CC(C)(N)C(O)C(C)O1 MYPYJXKWCTUITO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYPYJXKWCTUITO-LYRMYLQWSA-O vancomycin(1+) Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC1=C2C=C3C=C1OC1=CC=C(C=C1Cl)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H]3C(=O)N[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](C3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C=3C(O)=CC=C1C=3)C([O-])=O)=O)[C@H](O)C1=CC=C(C(=C1)Cl)O2)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](CC(C)C)[NH2+]C)[C@H]1C[C@](C)([NH3+])[C@H](O)[C@H](C)O1 MYPYJXKWCTUITO-LYRMYLQWSA-O 0.000 description 1
- FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-BYLHFPJWSA-N β-1,4-galactotrioside Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@H](CO)O[C@@H](O[C@@H]2[C@@H](O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-BYLHFPJWSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
a)提供者から1つ以上の便微生物の試料を回収する工程、
b)当該試料回収後5分以内に、工程a)で取得した当該試料を、酸素密閉(oxygen−tight)回収デバイス中に置く工程、
c)工程b)で取得した試料を、1つ以上の抗凍結剤及び/又は1つ以上の増量剤を含有する1つ以上の生理食塩水と混合する工程、
d)任意で、工程c)で取得した混合物を、特に、直径0.7mm以下、好ましくは0.5mm以下の孔を有するフィルターを用いて、濾過する工程、及び
e)工程c)又はd)で取得した混合物を、−15℃〜−100℃、好ましくは−60℃〜−90℃の温度で凍結することにより保存する工程、
を含み、ここで、工程b)〜e)は、嫌気生活下(under anaerobiosis)で実施される。
−提供者から便微生物叢の試料を受け取るように設計された内部空間を備えた胴体及び当該胴体の内部空間に開口する連絡路を区切る首部を備えた容器、及び
−取り外しが可能で前記容器の首部に密着してマウント出来ることにより前記首部の連絡路の開口を塞ぎ前記胴体の内部空間を閉鎖出来るように設計されたカバー、
を含む種類の形態を取り、ここで前記容器の胴体は、柔軟なバッグで形成され、1つ以上の容器及びカバーに、前記容器の胴体の内部空間中に含まれるガスの少なくとも一部を排出するために設計された排出部が設けられている。
−提供者から便微生物叢の試料を受け取るように設計された内部空間を備えた胴体及び当該胴体の内部空間に開口する連絡路を区切る首部を備えた容器、及び
−取り外しが可能で前記容器の首部に密着してマウント出来ることにより前記首部の連絡路の開口を塞ぎ前記胴体の内部空間を閉鎖出来るように設計されたカバー、
を含む種類の形態を取り、ここで前記容器の胴体の内部空間は、酸素を中和する化学デバイスを備え得る。
−塩化ナトリウム、塩化カルシウム、塩化マグネシウム、塩化カリウム、グルコン酸ナトリウム及び酢酸ナトリウムからなる群から選択される1つ以上の塩、及び
−任意で1つ以上の抗酸化剤、好ましくはL−アスコルビン酸ナトリウム、トコフェロール、塩酸L−システイン一水和物及びそれらの混合物から選択される抗酸化剤、
を含有する。
‐1つ以上の上記抗凍結剤、即ち、ポリオール、二〜五糖類(即ち二糖類、三糖類、四糖類及び五糖類)、DMSO、並びにこれらの混合物から選択されるポリオール、並びに
‐1つ以上の上記増量剤、即ち、澱粉の部分加水分解物又は澱粉粉末、好ましくは増量剤はマルトデキストリンで構成される、
の両方を含有する。
材料及び方法:
試料の回収
連続した3日間、3名の参加者(1日1名)を招き、新鮮な便の試料を提供させ、それを朝回収し、嫌気条件下に置き、触媒Anaerocult(登録商標) IS (Merck−Milliporeよりref 116819)を添加した(本発明の工程a))。便の目視検査及び定性は、Bristol便スケールに従い実施された。
2つのチームが、並行して処理の工程を実施することにより、全ての試料が同じように処理されることを保証する。
‐生理食塩水9g/l(「NaCl」と表記する)、
‐9g/l生理食塩水中DMSO6.25%(v/v)(「DMSO」と表記する)、
‐9g/l生理食塩水中MDX(マルトデキストリン)15%(w/v)+TR(トレハロース)5%(w/v)(「MDX15」と表記する)、及び
‐9g/l生理食塩水中MDX5%(w/v)+TR15%(w/v)(「TR15」と表記する)。
3名の知恵強者の試料において同一の保存時間を保証するため、前記CryoMACSバッグは、1日あたり1名あたり1個のバッグの割合で連続する3日間融解される。融解は、2つの異なるプロトコールを用いて実施される(前記方法の工程f)):
−4℃で一晩;
−37℃ウォーターバス中で5分間。
前記方法の各重要な工程において、試料が回収され、それらはそれぞれ9.5mlの富化脳心臓ブロスを入れた3つの培養チューブに播種するために使用された。培養チューブは、予め嫌気チャンバー中で還元されているため溶存酸素はすべて除去されており、細菌の厳格な嫌気性増殖が可能となる。
そしてメタボローム解析が実施され、陽及び陰イオン化モードでLC−MSプロフィール(Q−Exactive Thermofisher Scientific)が得られた。
全DNAが抽出された。そしてそれはパイロシークエンシングによってチェック及びシークエンシングされた。
RNAは、以下の方法によって抽出された:要するに、High Pure Isolation Kit (Roche)を用いて、細菌を化学及び機械的処理により溶解し;そのライゼートを沈殿及び遠心分離し;最後にミニカラムでRNAを単離及び精製した。それらの完全性が評価され、そしてそれらは次にRT−PCRに供された。
系統発生的プロフィール
主要な識別要素は対象である。これは、微生物叢の宿主の特異性が良く確立している場合に期待された。これは、便に対する処理の効果が何であるかに拘らず、それが宿主の特異性を満足し得ることを意味する。作成された比較は、従って、妥当であり、異なる個人において維持された挙動はより顕著であり得る。
再投与のために使用しなければならない凍結調製物の再処理において、以下の条件が比較された:
−4℃で一昼夜;又は
−37℃で5分間。
パイロトランスクリプトームプロフィール間のPearson相関は識別的かつ情報的(discriminating and informative)であるが、パイロゲノミックプロフィール間ではそれらはそうではなかった。
メタボローム解析の結果を図2に示す。
前記方法は、ヒト便の処理の、C3H/HeN系統の無菌マウスに播種した後に再建された小腸生態系に対する影響を解析することに関する。標準化されたアプローチは、対照群といくつかの試験群を含む。新鮮な回収された便の懸濁物を受容する対照群と比較して、試験群は同一の便から作製された調製物を受容する:
−NaCl中で凍結したもの、
−15%マルトデキストリン及び5%トレハロースと共に凍結したもの(実施例1のMDX15)、又は
−5%マルトデキストリン及び15%トレハロースと共に凍結したもの(実施例1のTR15)。
2、4及び15日後、2〜3個の新鮮な及び自然に排泄されたペレットを動物ごとに朝に回収し、それらを微生物学的解析に付した。さらに、15日目に屠殺して盲腸内容物の試料を回収し、パイロゲノム及び/又はトランスクリプトーム及びメタボローム解析に付した。
これらの解析は、ケージの第一のシリーズに対して実行された(1週間の保存対対照)。DNAが抽出され、rDNA 16Sに関してシークエンシングされた。OUT(操作的分類単位)が同定され、定量された。次のSpearman統計相関(Spearman statistical correlation)は、試験された各試料の分類的内容(taxonomic content)を比較することを可能とする。結果を図3に示す。
Claims (17)
- 提供者に由来する便微生物の試料を調製する方法であって、以下の工程:
a)提供者から1つ以上の便微生物の試料を回収する工程、
b)当該試料回収後5分以内に、工程a)で取得した当該試料を、酸素密閉(oxygen−tight)回収デバイス中に置く工程、
c)工程b)で取得した試料を、1つ以上の抗凍結剤及び1つ以上の増量剤を含有する1つ以上の生理食塩水と混合する工程、及び
d)工程c)で取得した混合物を、−15℃〜−100℃の温度で凍結することにより保存する工程、
を含み、ここで、工程b)〜d)は、嫌気生活下(under anaerobiosis)で実施され、
前記1つ以上の増量剤がマルトデキストリンであり、そして前記1つ以上の抗凍結剤が、グリセロール、マンニトール、ソルビトール、DMSO、プロピレングリコール、エチレングリコール、トレハロース、サッカロース、ガラクトース−ラクトース、及びそれらの混合物から選択される、方法。 - 工程b)の回収デバイス中に置かれた試料が、工程c)の前に輸送工程(transportation step)に付される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 工程b)の回収デバイス中に置かれた試料が、工程b)及びc)の間に、最長で75時間、33℃〜40℃の温度でインキュベーションされる、請求項1又は2のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記抗凍結剤が、トレハロース、ガラクトース−ラクトース及びそれらの混合物からなる群から選択される、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記生理食塩水中に存在する抗凍結剤の全量が、溶液の全体積に対し3〜30重量%である、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記生理食塩水が:
−塩化ナトリウム、塩化カルシウム、塩化マグネシウム、塩化カリウム、グルコン酸ナトリウム及び酢酸ナトリウムからなる群から選択される1つ以上の塩
を含有する、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記増量剤がマルトデキストリンの混合物であり、当該マルトデキストリンの量が、溶液の全体積に対して4〜20重量%である、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 工程d)で取得した凍結試料を嫌気生活下で常温に戻して融解する工程e)を含む、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 提供者に由来する便微生物の試料が自己又は同種便微生物の移植用である、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 提供者に由来する便微生物の試料が小腸内毒素症の治療用である、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 工程c)の後に混合物を濾過するさらなる工程を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 工程c)の後に混合物を濾過する前記さらなる工程が、直径0.7mm以下の孔を有するフィルターで実施される、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 工程c)の後に混合物を濾過する前記さらなる工程が、直径0.5mm以下の孔を有するフィルターで実施される、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 工程d)で、凍結温度が−60℃〜−90℃である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記生理食塩水中に存在する抗凍結剤の全量が、溶液の全体積に対して4〜20重量%である、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記生理食塩水が1つ以上の抗酸化剤をさらに含有する、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記抗酸化剤が、L−アスコルビン酸ナトリウム、トコフェロール、塩酸L−システイン一水和物及びそれらの混合物から選択される、請求項16に記載の方法。
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FR3045384B1 (fr) * | 2015-12-18 | 2020-02-07 | Institut National De La Recherche Agronomique | Composition lyophilisee pour la conservation de microbiote dans son ecosysteme |
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FR3062063B1 (fr) * | 2017-01-26 | 2019-04-19 | Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique | Microbiote fecal pour traiter des patients subissant une greffe de cellules souches hematopoietiques |
EP3630190B1 (en) | 2017-05-26 | 2024-02-21 | Finch Therapeutics Holdings LLC | Lyophilized compositions comprising fecal microbe-based therapeutic agents and methods for making and using same |
EP3485879A1 (en) | 2017-11-17 | 2019-05-22 | Maat Pharma | Pharmaceutical oral formulation comrpsing bacteria |
FR3078627B1 (fr) * | 2018-03-09 | 2020-11-13 | Maat Pharma | Procedure de collecte de selles et procede de preparation d'un echantillon pour transplantation de microbiote fecal |
EP3597202A1 (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2020-01-22 | Maat Pharma | Fecal microbiota composition, for use in reducing treatment-induced inflammation |
CN109010380A (zh) * | 2018-08-21 | 2018-12-18 | 卓源健康科技有限公司 | 一种粪菌移植临床治疗中的肠道菌群制剂的工艺 |
WO2020247846A1 (en) * | 2019-06-07 | 2020-12-10 | Anaerobe Systems | Microbial collection formulations, devices and systems |
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RU2745125C1 (ru) * | 2020-07-15 | 2021-03-22 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «Байкальский центр биомедицинских исследований» (ООО «БайкалБиоМед») | Устройство и способ подготовки в анаэробных условиях донорской фекальной микробиоты к трансплантации |
CN112226369A (zh) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-15 | 重庆浦洛通基因医学研究院有限公司 | 一种肠道菌群保存液及制备方法 |
KR20230124984A (ko) | 2020-12-23 | 2023-08-28 | 매트 파마 | 미생물의 복합 군집을 확장시키는 방법 |
RU2761047C1 (ru) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-12-02 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Иркутский научный центр хирургии и травматологии" | Устройство для подготовки донорского фекального материала к трансплантации |
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JP2018514228A (ja) | 2018-06-07 |
CN107530280B (zh) | 2021-10-26 |
ES2812854T3 (es) | 2021-03-18 |
DK3285784T3 (da) | 2020-08-24 |
HUE050430T2 (hu) | 2020-12-28 |
CA2983192A1 (fr) | 2016-10-27 |
PT3285784T (pt) | 2020-08-31 |
FR3035328B1 (fr) | 2019-08-23 |
US20210154239A1 (en) | 2021-05-27 |
IL255100B (en) | 2022-09-01 |
EP3285784B1 (fr) | 2020-07-08 |
PL3285784T3 (pl) | 2020-11-16 |
US10980839B2 (en) | 2021-04-20 |
EP3285784A1 (fr) | 2018-02-28 |
AU2016252209B2 (en) | 2022-03-03 |
FR3035328A1 (fr) | 2016-10-28 |
AU2016252209A1 (en) | 2017-12-07 |
US20180099012A1 (en) | 2018-04-12 |
WO2016170285A1 (fr) | 2016-10-27 |
IL255100A0 (en) | 2017-12-31 |
CN107530280A (zh) | 2018-01-02 |
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