JP6820539B2 - Displacement visualization sensor - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a displacement visualization sensor that visualizes deformation of a measurement target in a natural structure provided with infrastructure equipment or the like or an artificial structure such as an infrastructure equipment or a high-rise building.

In recent years, there have been many accidents in infrastructure equipment that are thought to have been caused by aging and insufficient inspections. For this reason, it is required to build a safe and secure management system for infrastructure equipment, and in particular, it is required to establish inspection technology and repair technology for aging infrastructure equipment. As a technology for inspecting aging infrastructure equipment, a technology is known in which information on deformation occurring in the infrastructure equipment is sent by communication from a sensor installed in the infrastructure equipment and constantly analyzed, but such a technology is expensive. Therefore, it is expected to develop a technique capable of measuring deformation with high accuracy at a lower cost and visually easily understanding the occurrence of deformation. In addition, recently, there has been a problem that high-rise buildings are tilted due to imperfections in construction. As for the deformation caused by the inclination of a high-rise building, it is expected to develop a technique capable of measuring the deformation with high accuracy at a lower cost and visually easily understanding the occurrence of the deformation.

As technologies that are expected to be developed, for example, in Patent Document 1, when a natural structure in which infrastructure equipment is provided or an artificial structure such as an infrastructure equipment or a high-rise building is deformed, the amount of deformation is increased. A structure deformation detection device that displays the amount of deformation by changing the intensity and color of light visually recognized from the display window in conjunction with this is disclosed. Further, in Patent Document 2, a pair of substrates each having a pattern region provided with a stripe pattern (line and space pattern) are arranged in parallel with a predetermined interval so that the pattern regions overlap. Therefore, a deformation amount display device fixed to a measurement object is disclosed. In this deformation amount display device, the pair of substrates move in the parallel direction according to the amount of deformation when the object to be measured is deformed, so that the moire fringes generated by the interference of the patterns of both substrates move, and the moire fringes move. It is possible to measure the amount of deformation from the amount.

However, since the device disclosed in Patent Document 1 merely displays the relative displacement between two points in the structure as the amount of deformation, it is necessary to determine both the direction and the magnitude of the deformation that has occurred in the structure. It is difficult. Further, since the device disclosed in Patent Document 2 only measures the displacement amount of the interval between two points in the measurement object as the deformation amount, both the direction and the magnitude of the deformation occurring in the structure can be determined. It is difficult to distinguish.

Japanese Patent No. 5607185 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-247229

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and the direction and magnitude of deformation of a measurement object including a natural structure provided with infrastructure equipment or an artificial structure such as an infrastructure equipment or a high-rise building. The main purpose is to provide a displacement visualization sensor that can visualize the image in an easy-to-see manner.

In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, the first colored pattern plate provided so that the first colored pattern or the gap pattern repeats in a dot shape in a fixed regular manner, and the second colored pattern or the light transmission pattern are dots. It has a second colored pattern plate provided so as to repeat in a fixed manner, and the first and second colored pattern plates are arranged so as to be stacked so that the second colored pattern plate is on the observer side. The first colored pattern plate has flexibility, and the first and second colored pattern plates are visually recognized from the observer side through the second colored pattern and the light transmission pattern. A displacement visualization sensor characterized in that the moire is visually recognized by combining the first coloring pattern and the gap pattern, and the moire changes with the deformation of the first coloring pattern plate. provide.

According to the present invention, the direction and magnitude of deformation of the object to be measured can be visually visualized in an easy-to-see manner.

Further, in the above invention, it is preferable that the color of the first coloring pattern and the color of the second coloring pattern are different. This is because the deformation of the measurement object can be clearly visualized.

Further, in the above invention, the first and second colored pattern plates may have the pattern arrangement direction in the second colored pattern plate tilted with respect to the pattern arrangement direction in the first colored pattern plate. ..

Further, in the above invention, the first and second colored pattern plates may have different pattern pitches in the second colored pattern plate and the pattern pitch in the first colored pattern plate.

Further, in the above invention, the first and second colored pattern plates are joined, and the second colored pattern plate may have flexibility.

Further, in the above invention, the first and second colored pattern plates may be separated.

Further, in the above invention, it is preferable that the first colored pattern plate or the second colored pattern plate further has an alignment pattern for aligning the positions of the first colored pattern and the second colored pattern. This is because it becomes easy to align the first coloring pattern and the second coloring pattern.

Further, in the above invention, the first colored pattern plate has a plurality of first colored pattern regions, and the first colored pattern or the gap pattern is constant in a dot shape in the plurality of first colored pattern regions. The second colored pattern plate is provided so as to be repeated according to a rule, and has a plurality of second colored pattern regions that overlap each other with the plurality of first colored pattern regions, and the plurality of second colored pattern regions include the first colored pattern region. The two colored patterns or the light transmission patterns are provided so as to repeat in a dot shape in a fixed regular manner, and the first and second colored pattern plates have the plurality of first colored patterns corresponding to the plurality of second colored pattern regions. It is preferable that a plurality of display areas are arranged so as to be overlapped with each other, and at least a part of the moire generated in the plurality of display areas is different. This is because the deformation of the measurement object can be visualized in detail.

Further, in the above invention, a frame surrounding the outer periphery of the second colored pattern plate is further provided, and the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between the frame and the measurement object is the difference between the second colored pattern plate and the measurement object. It is preferably smaller than the difference in thermal expansion coefficient. This is because the influence of the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between the measurement object and the second colored pattern plate can be suppressed.

Further, in the above invention, it is preferable that the adhesive layer is provided on one side of the first colored pattern plate. This is because the influence of the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between the measurement object and the first colored pattern plate can be suppressed.

Further, in the present invention, the colored pattern plate having flexibility is provided, and the first colored pattern or the gap pattern is provided on one surface side of the colored pattern plate so as to repeat in a dot shape in a fixed regular manner. A second colored pattern or a light transmission pattern is provided on the other surface side of the colored pattern plate so as to repeat in a dot shape in a fixed regular manner, and the colored pattern plate is provided with the second colored pattern and the light transmission from the observer side. The moire is configured to be visually recognized by combining the first colored pattern and the gap pattern that are visually recognized through the pattern, and the moire is changed as the colored pattern plate is deformed. To provide a displacement visualization sensor.

According to the present invention, the direction and magnitude of deformation of the object to be measured can be visually visualized in an easy-to-see manner, and can be easily manufactured.

Further, in the present invention, the first colored pattern plate having flexibility provided so as to repeat the first colored pattern or the gap pattern in a dot shape in a constant manner is joined to the measurement object and arranged. After the coloring pattern plate arranging step and the first coloring pattern plate arranging step, when the deformation of the measurement object is visualized, the second coloring pattern or the light transmission pattern is provided so as to repeat in a dot shape in a fixed regular manner. The second colored pattern plate arranging step of arranging the second colored pattern plate on the first colored pattern plate so as to be on the observer side, and the above-mentioned visual recognition through the second colored pattern and the light transmission pattern. Provided is a displacement visualization method comprising a displacement visualization step of observing moire generated by combining the first coloring pattern and the gap pattern and visualizing the deformation of the measurement object.

According to the present invention, the deformation can be concealed by a person other than the observer at a time other than when the deformation of the first colored pattern plate is visualized.

Further, in the present invention, the displacement visualization sensor, the image pickup device that captures the moire that is visually recognized by combining the second coloring pattern and the first coloring pattern that is visually recognized via the light transmission pattern. Provided is a displacement visualization system characterized by having an analysis device for analyzing an image captured by the image pickup device.

According to the present invention, the direction and magnitude of deformation of the object to be measured can be visually visualized in an easy-to-see manner.

According to the present invention, it is easy to visually see the direction and size of deformation of the measurement object of the measurement object such as a natural structure provided with the infrastructure equipment or an artificial structure such as an infrastructure facility or a high-rise building. A displacement visualization sensor that can be visualized can be provided.

It is the schematic which shows an example of the displacement visualization sensor of 1st Embodiment and 2nd Embodiment. It is a schematic top view which shows an example of the measurement area of the structure to which the 1st colored pattern plate is joined. It is the schematic which shows an example of the displacement visualization sensor of 1st Embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in the state which the measurement area of a structure is not deformed. It is the schematic which shows the 1st colored pattern board shown in FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the 2nd colored pattern board shown in FIG. It is a schematic top view comparing the displacement visualization sensor shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 in a state where the measurement area of the structure is not deformed and a state where the deformation in the X direction is generated. It is a schematic top view comparing the displacement visualization sensor shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 in the state where the measurement area of the structure is not deformed and the state where the deformation in the Y direction is generated. It is the schematic which shows the other example of the displacement visualization sensor of 1st Embodiment and another example of the displacement visualization sensor of 2nd Embodiment. FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing another example of the displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 8 in a state where the measurement region of the structure is not deformed. 8 is a schematic top view comparing the displacement visualization sensors shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 in a state where the measurement region of the structure is not deformed and a state where the deformation in the X direction is generated. 8 is a schematic top view comparing the displacement visualization sensors shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 in a state where the measurement region of the structure is not deformed and a state where the deformation in the Y direction is generated. It is a schematic top view which shows another example of the displacement visualization sensor of 1st Embodiment. It is a schematic top view which shows another example of the displacement visualization sensor of 1st Embodiment. It is the schematic which shows an example of the displacement visualization sensor of the 2nd Embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in the state which the measurement area of a structure is not deformed. It is a schematic top view which shows the 1st colored pattern board and the 2nd colored pattern board shown in FIG. It is a schematic top view comparing the displacement visualization sensor shown in FIGS. 1 and 14 in the state where the measurement area of the structure is not deformed and the state where the deformation in the X direction is generated. It is a schematic top view comparing the displacement visualization sensor shown in FIGS. 1 and 14 in the state where the measurement area of the structure is not deformed and the state where the deformation in the Y direction is generated. FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing another example of the displacement visualization sensor of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 8 in a state where the measurement region of the structure is not deformed. 8 is a schematic top view comparing the displacement visualization sensors shown in FIGS. 8 and 18 in a state where the measurement region of the structure is not deformed and a state where the deformation in the X direction is generated. 8 is a schematic top view comparing the displacement visualization sensors shown in FIGS. 8 and 18 in a state where the measurement region of the structure is not deformed and a state where the deformation in the Y direction is generated. It is a schematic top view which shows another example of the displacement visualization sensor of 2nd Embodiment. It is the schematic sectional drawing which shows an example of the displacement visualization sensor of this invention. It is the schematic which shows an example of the displacement visualization system of this invention.

Hereinafter, the displacement visualization sensor, the displacement visualization method, and the displacement visualization system of the present invention will be described in detail.

A. Displacement visualization sensor The displacement visualization sensor of the present invention can be roughly classified into a displacement visualization sensor having a first colored pattern plate and a second colored pattern plate and a displacement visualization sensor having a single colored pattern plate. Hereinafter, the displacement visualization sensor of the present invention having the first colored pattern plate and the second colored pattern plate will be described in the item of "A-1. Displacement visualization sensor", and the displacement of the present invention having a single colored pattern plate will be described. The visualization sensor will be described in the section "A-2. Displacement visualization sensor".

A-1. Displacement visualization sensor The displacement visualization sensor of the present invention has a first colored pattern plate provided so that a first colored pattern or a gap pattern repeats in a dot shape in a fixed regular manner, and a second colored pattern or a light transmission pattern in a dot shape. It has a second colored pattern plate provided so as to repeat according to a certain rule, and the first and second colored pattern plates are arranged so as to be stacked so that the second colored pattern plate is on the observer side. The first colored pattern plate has flexibility, and the first and second colored pattern plates are visually recognized from the observer side through the second colored pattern and the light transmission pattern. It is characterized in that the moire is visually recognized by combining the colored pattern and the gap pattern, and the moire changes with the deformation of the first colored pattern plate.

The displacement visualization sensor of the present invention is configured so that the moire can be visually recognized by tilting the pattern arrangement direction on the second colored pattern plate with respect to the pattern arrangement direction on the first colored pattern plate. By making the pitch (p) of the pattern in the second colored pattern plate different from the pitch (p) of the pattern in the first colored pattern plate in the first embodiment, the moire is visually recognized. It can be roughly classified into the second embodiment. Hereinafter, each embodiment will be described.

In the following description, the "XY plane" means the XY plane parallel to the first colored pattern plate, and the "X direction" and the "Y direction" mean the X direction and the X direction orthogonal to each other in the XY plane. Each means the Y direction, and the "Z direction" means the Z direction perpendicular to the XY plane. Further, the "−X direction" means the direction opposite to the X direction, and the “−Y direction” means the direction opposite to the Y direction. Further, "planar view from the Z direction" means that the displacement visualization sensor is viewed in a plan view from the observer side in the Z direction.

I. First Embodiment Hereinafter, the displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment will be described in detail.

An example of the displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1A is a schematic top view showing an example of the displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment. FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1A. FIG. 2 is a schematic top view showing an example of a measurement region of the structure to which the first colored pattern plate shown in FIG. 1 is joined. FIG. 3A is a schematic top view showing an example of the displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in a state where the measurement region of the structure is not deformed, and FIG. 3B is FIG. It is an enlarged view of the B part of FIG. 3A, and FIG. 3C is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 3B. 4 (a) is a schematic top view showing the first colored pattern plate shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 4 (b) is an enlarged view of a portion C of FIG. 4 (a), and FIG. 4 (c) is an enlarged view. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. 4B. 5 (a) is a schematic top view showing the second colored pattern plate shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 (b) is an enlarged view of the D portion of FIG. 5 (a), and FIG. 5 (c) is an enlarged view. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD of FIG. 5 (b).

The displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 visualizes the deformation of the measurement region 2r (measurement target) of the structure 2 shown in FIGS. 1 (b) and 2 and is a first coloring pattern. It has a plate 20 and a second colored pattern plate 30. In the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the first colored pattern plate 20 is joined to the measurement region 2r of the structure 2 via the adhesive layer 60. The second colored pattern plate 30 is joined to the first colored pattern plate 20 via the adhesive layer 60. The first colored pattern plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 are laminated in parallel so that the first colored pattern plate 20 is on the measurement region side of the structure and the second colored pattern plate 30 is on the observer side. .. As a result, the displacement visualization sensor 10 is installed in the measurement area 2r of the structure 2. Further, the first colored pattern plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 have flexibility that can be deformed in conjunction with the deformation of the measurement region 2r of the structure 2.

As shown in FIGS. 4A to 4C, in the first colored pattern plate 20, the red colored layer 24 is provided on the substrate 22 in a grid pattern in a region excluding a plurality of gaps. There is. The center of gravity of the plurality of gaps is arranged at the intersection of a plurality of virtual lines at the same interval in the horizontal direction and a plurality of virtual lines at the same interval in the vertical direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction in a plan view from the Z direction. It is provided to do so. The plurality of gaps have the same square shape whose four sides are parallel to the horizontal direction or the vertical direction. As a result, the gap rectangular dots 20R made up of the square gaps are provided so as to repeat in a constant manner, and the colored grid pattern 20L made up of the red colored layer 24 is provided in a region other than the region of the gap rectangular dots 20R. In the colored grid pattern 20L, the line width (L) is L1, and in the gap rectangular dot 20R, the length of one side is a1 and the pitch (p), which is the distance between adjacent centers of gravity, is p1. The arrangement direction of the patterns on the first colored pattern plate 20 is parallel to the X direction as shown by the solid arrows in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), and the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are It is parallel to the X and Y directions, respectively.

As shown in FIGS. 5 (a) to 5 (c), in the second colored pattern plate 30, the light-shielding layer 34 is provided on the transparent substrate 32 in a grid pattern in a region excluding a plurality of gaps. There is. The plurality of gaps are provided in the same manner as the plurality of gaps in the first colored pattern plate 20 shown in FIG. 4, and have the same shape as the plurality of gaps in the first colored pattern plate 20 shown in FIG. doing. As a result, the light-transmitting rectangular dots 30R formed by the gaps of the squares are provided so as to repeat in a constant manner, and the light-shielding grid pattern 30L composed of the light-shielding layer 34 is provided in a region other than the region of the light-transmitting rectangular dots 30R. In the light-shielding grid pattern 30L, the line width (L) is L1, and in the light-transmitting rectangular dot 30R, the length of one side is a1 and the pitch (p), which is the distance between adjacent centers of gravity, is p1. The arrangement direction of the patterns on the second colored pattern plate 30 is tilted by 3 ° with respect to the X direction as shown by the broken line arrows in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b).

For this reason, in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, when the measurement area 2r of the structure 2 is not deformed, it is indicated by a solid line arrow and a broken line arrow in FIG. 3 (b). As described above, the pattern arrangement direction on the second colored pattern plate 30 is inclined by 3 ° with respect to the pattern arrangement direction on the first colored pattern plate 20. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3A, the first colored pattern plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 are viewed in a plan view from the Z direction through the light-shielding grid pattern 30L and the light-transmitting rectangular dots 30R. Moire is configured to be visually recognized by combining the visually recognized colored lattice pattern 20L and the gap rectangular dot 20R.

Here, FIG. 6 is a schematic top view comparing the displacement visualization sensors shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 in a state in which the measurement region of the structure is not deformed and a state in which the measurement region is extended in the X direction. Further, FIG. 7 is a schematic top view comparing the displacement visualization sensors shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 in a state in which the measurement region of the structure is not deformed and a state in which the measurement region is extended in the Y direction.

In the state where the measurement area 2r of the structure 2 is not deformed, the rectangle represented by the moire 10R is the gap rectangular dot 20R and the light transmission as shown in FIGS. 6A and 7A. The shape is similar to the rectangular dot 30R. On the other hand, when the measurement region 2r of the structure 2 is extended in the X direction, the second colored pattern plate 30 and the first colored pattern plate 20 are joined, so that the first colored pattern is interlocked with this. The plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 extend in the X direction. As a result, the rectangle represented by the moire 10R becomes a shape in which the original shape is extended in the Y direction as shown in FIG. 6 (b). Further, when the measurement region 2r of the structure 2 is extended in the Y direction, the second colored pattern plate 30 and the first colored pattern plate 20 are joined, and in conjunction with this, the first colored pattern plate 20 and the first colored pattern plate 20 and The second colored pattern plate 30 extends in the Y direction. As a result, the rectangle represented by the moire 10R has an original shape extended in the X direction, as shown in FIG. 7B.

Subsequently, another example of the displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 8A is a schematic top view showing another example of the displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment. FIG. 8B is a sectional view taken along line FF of FIG. 8A. FIG. 2 is a schematic top view showing an example of a measurement region of the structure to which the first colored pattern plate shown in FIG. 8 is joined. 9 (a) is a schematic top view showing another example of the displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 8 in a state where the measurement region of the structure is not deformed, and FIG. 9 (b) is a schematic top view. 9 (a) is an enlarged view of the G portion, and FIG. 9 (c) is a sectional view taken along line GG of FIG. 9 (b).

The displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 visualizes the deformation of the measurement region 2r (measurement object) of the structure 2 shown in FIGS. 8 (b) and 2 and is a first coloring pattern. It has a plate 20 and a second colored pattern plate 30. The displacement visualization sensor 10 further includes a metal frame 40 that reinforces the second colored pattern plate 30. In the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the first colored pattern plate 20 is joined to the measurement region 2r of the structure 2 via the adhesive layer 60. The second colored pattern plate 30 is fixed to the fixed position 2b of the structure 2 by the adhesive layer 60 via the metal frame 40, and is separated from the first colored pattern plate 20. The first colored pattern plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 are laminated in parallel so that the first colored pattern plate 20 is on the measurement region side of the structure and the second colored pattern plate 30 is on the observer side. .. As a result, the displacement visualization sensor 10 is installed in the measurement area 2r of the structure 2. Further, the first colored pattern plate 20 has flexibility that can be deformed in conjunction with the deformation of the measurement region 2r of the structure 2.

The first colored pattern plate 20 shown in FIG. 9 has the same configuration as the first colored pattern plate 20 shown in FIG. Further, the second colored pattern plate 30 shown in FIG. 9 has the same configuration as the second colored pattern plate 30 shown in FIG.

Therefore, in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, in the state where the measurement area 2r of the structure 2 is not deformed, the same as the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3. As shown by the solid line arrow and the broken line arrow in FIG. 9B, the pattern arrangement direction on the second colored pattern plate 30 is tilted by 3 ° with respect to the pattern arrangement direction on the first colored pattern plate 20. .. As a result, as shown in FIG. 9A, the first colored pattern plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 are viewed in a plan view from the Z direction through the light-shielding grid pattern 30L and the light-transmitting rectangular dots 30R. Moire is configured to be visually recognized by combining the visually recognized colored lattice pattern 20L and the gap rectangular dot 20R.

Here, FIG. 10 is a schematic top view comparing the displacement visualization sensors shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 in a state in which the measurement region of the structure is not deformed and a state in which the measurement region is extended in the X direction. Further, FIG. 11 is a schematic top view comparing the displacement visualization sensors shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 in a state in which the measurement region of the structure is not deformed and a state in which the measurement region is extended in the Y direction.

In the state where the measurement area 2r of the structure 2 is not deformed, the rectangle represented by the moire 10R is the gap rectangular dot 20R and the light transmission as shown in FIGS. 10A and 11A. The shape is similar to the rectangular dot 30R. On the other hand, when the measurement region 2r of the structure 2 is extended in the X direction, the second colored pattern plate 30 and the first colored pattern plate 20 are separated, so that the first colored pattern is interlocked with this. Only the plate 20 extends in the X direction. As a result, the rectangle represented by the moire 10R becomes a parallelogram in which the X direction side of the original shape is inclined toward the −Y direction side as shown in FIG. 10 (b). Further, when the measurement region 2r of the structure 2 is extended in the Y direction, the second colored pattern plate 30 and the first colored pattern plate 20 are separated, so that only the first colored pattern plate 20 is linked to this. Extends in the Y direction. As a result, the rectangle represented by the moire 10R becomes a parallelogram in which the Y direction side of the original shape is inclined toward the X direction side as shown in FIG. 11B.

As described above, according to the displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment, when viewed in a plan view from the observer side, at least the first colored pattern plate of the first and second colored pattern plates is deformed. From the change in the moire caused by the above, it is possible to visualize the deformation of the measurement object linked with the deformation of at least the first colored pattern plate among the first and second colored pattern plates. Therefore, since the direction and size of the deformation of the measurement object appear to be enlarged in the change of the moire, the direction and size of the deformation of the measurement object can be visually visualized in an easy-to-see manner.

Hereinafter, each configuration of the displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment will be described.

1. 1. First Colored Pattern Plate The first colored pattern plate is provided so that the first colored pattern or the gap pattern repeats in a dot shape in a fixed regular manner, and the first colored pattern plate is joined to the deformation of the measurement object. It has flexibility that can be deformed in conjunction with it. Here, in the first embodiment, the "first coloring pattern" means a colored pattern, and the "gap pattern" is particularly limited as long as it is a pattern in a region where the first coloring pattern is not provided. It may be a pattern that is not colored, or a pattern that is colored with a color different from that of the first coloring pattern.

(1) Pattern in First Colored Pattern Plate The first colored pattern plate is provided so that the first colored pattern or the gap pattern repeats in a dot shape in a fixed regular manner when viewed in a plan view from the observer side. .. Specifically, the pattern mode in the first colored pattern plate includes a mode in which the first colored pattern is provided in a dot shape and a mode in which the gap pattern is provided in a dot shape. Then, in the embodiment in which the first coloring pattern is provided in a dot shape, the first coloring pattern is a dot pattern provided so as to repeat in a dot shape with a certain regular rule, and the gap pattern is provided with the dot pattern. It is a net-like pattern that is a pattern of an area that is not covered. Further, in the embodiment in which the gap pattern is provided in a dot shape, the gap pattern is a dot pattern provided so as to repeat in a dot shape with a constant rule, and the first coloring pattern is provided with the dot pattern. It is a net pattern that is a pattern of no area.

As a result, the pattern on the first colored pattern plate includes the second colored pattern and the first colored pattern and the gap pattern that are visually recognized through the light transmission pattern when viewed in a plan view from the observer side. It is configured so that the moire can be visually recognized by being combined. As a result, the moiré changes occur with the deformation of the first colored pattern plate, and the deformation of the measurement object linked with the deformation of the first colored pattern plate can be visualized from the change of the moiré.

Among the patterns in the first colored pattern plate, in the aspect in which the first colored pattern is provided in a dot shape, the first colored pattern has the same shape and size when viewed in a plan view from the observer side. This is a dot pattern in which a plurality of first colored dots having a dot shape of No. 1 are arranged according to a certain rule. Further, among the modes of the pattern in the first colored pattern plate, in the mode in which the gap pattern is provided in a dot shape, the gap pattern is a dot having the same shape and size when viewed in a plan view from the observer side. It is a dot pattern in which a plurality of gap dots, which are shapes, are arranged in a regular manner.

Here, in the present invention, the "first colored dot" means a colored dot-shaped pattern, and the "gap dot" may be an uncolored dot-shaped pattern, or the first colored pattern. It may be a dot-shaped pattern colored with a different color. Hereinafter, the first colored dots and the gap dots may be collectively referred to as “dots”.

The dot shape is not particularly limited as long as the shapes of the plurality of dots are the same, but for example, a rectangle (square or rectangle) such as the gap rectangular dot 20R shown in FIG. Examples include rhombuses, triangles, circles, ellipses, and crosses.

Examples of the pattern in the first colored pattern plate include a grid pattern in which the dot shape is square, such as a plurality of gap rectangular dots 20R and a colored grid pattern 20L shown in FIG. 4, and the dot shape is circular. Examples include a polka dot pattern.

In the grid pattern, as the constant rule for arranging the plurality of dots having the same shape and size in a plan view from the observer side, for example, a plurality of gaps shown in FIG. Like the fixed rule of arranging the rectangular dots 20R in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, the plurality of the dots having the same shape and size as the squares are viewed in a plan view from the observer side in the horizontal direction. The centers of gravity of the plurality of virtual lines at the same interval and the centers of gravity of the plurality of virtual lines at the same interval in the vertical direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction are respectively arranged, and the four sides are parallel to the horizontal direction or the vertical direction. There is a fixed rule of arranging each in a square area.

Further, in the polka dot pattern, as the constant rule for arranging the plurality of dots having the same shape and size in a plan view from the observer side, for example, the shape and size are the same. When the plurality of dots, which are circular in the shape of a circle, are viewed in a plan view from the observer side, a plurality of virtual lines having the same horizontal direction and a plurality of virtual lines having the same vertical direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction There is a fixed rule of arranging their centers at the intersections.

The first colored pattern plate is viewed in a plan view from the observer side, and the second colored pattern is combined with the first colored pattern and the gap pattern that are visually recognized through the light transmission pattern. In order to be configured so that the pattern can be visually recognized, the width of the dots is set to the pitch of the pattern on the first colored pattern plate so that the pattern on the first colored pattern plate can be visually recognized through the light transmission pattern. It is preferably 10% or more of (p). The line width (L) and the pitch (p) of the net-like pattern differ depending on the size of the first colored pattern plate. For example, the width of the first colored pattern plate in the X direction × the Y direction. When the width of is 100 mm × 100 mm, the line width (L) is preferably 45,000 μm or less, and the pitch (p) is preferably 50,000 μm or less. Above all, the line width (L) is preferably 9000 μm or less and the pitch (p) is 10000 μm or less, and in particular, the line width (L) is 90 μm or less and the pitch (p) is 100 μm or less. Is preferable. The narrower the pitch (p), the easier it is to measure the direction and magnitude of the axial deformation of the measurement object in the Z direction from the change in the moire, and the measurement of the axial deformation in the Z direction. This is because the accuracy is improved.

Here, in the present invention, the pattern pitch in the first colored pattern board means the width of a pattern unit that repeats according to a certain rule in the pattern in the first colored pattern board, and specifically, the above-mentioned dots. It means the sum of the width and the line width of the above-mentioned network pattern. For example, in the grid pattern in which the dot shape is square, the distance between the centers of gravity of the adjacent dots is the pitch, and in the polka dot pattern in which the dot shape is circular, the distance between the centers of the adjacent dots is the pitch. is there.

In particular, in the grid pattern in which the plurality of gap dots having the same shape and size are arranged according to the fixed rule, the pitch (p) which is the distance between the centers of gravity of the adjacent gap dots and the above. The line width (L) of the net-like pattern varies depending on the shape and size of the first colored pattern plate. For example, when the first colored pattern plate is a square having a side of 100 mm, the pitch It is preferable that (p) is 50,000 μm or less and the line width (L) is 45,000 μm or less. Above all, the pitch (p) is preferably 10000 μm or less and the line width (L) is 9000 μm or less, and particularly the pitch (p) is 100 μm or less and the line width (L) is 90 μm or less. Is preferable. The narrower the pitch (p), the easier it is to measure the direction and magnitude of the axial deformation of the measurement object in the Z direction from the change in the moire, and the measurement of the axial deformation in the Z direction. This is because the accuracy is improved.

Further, in the polka dot pattern in which the plurality of gap dots having the same shape and size are arranged according to the fixed rule, the pitch (p) which is the distance between the centers of the adjacent gap dots and the above. The diameter of the gap dots varies depending on the shape and size of the first colored pattern plate. For example, when the first colored pattern plate is a square having a side of 100 mm, the pitch (p) is It is preferably 50,000 μm or less, and the diameter is preferably 45,000 μm or less. Above all, the pitch (p) is preferably 10000 μm or less and the diameter is preferably 9000 μm or less, and particularly preferably the pitch (p) is 100 μm or less and the diameter is 90 μm or less. The narrower the pitch (p), the easier it is to measure the direction and magnitude of the axial deformation of the measurement object in the Z direction from the change in the moire, and the measurement of the axial deformation in the Z direction. This is because the accuracy is improved.

(2) First Colored Pattern Board The first colored pattern board is provided so that the first colored pattern or the gap pattern is repeated in a dot shape in a fixed regular manner, and the first colored pattern board is joined to the measurement target. It is not particularly limited as long as it has flexibility that can be deformed in conjunction with the deformation of an object, but for example, it has a first colored layer on one surface of the substrate and the substrate, and the first Examples thereof include those in which the colored layer has the first colored pattern and the pattern of the region on one surface of the substrate where the first colored layer is not provided is the gap pattern. Hereinafter, the first colored pattern board will be described with a focus on each configuration of the first colored pattern board having the first colored layer on one surface of the substrate and the substrate and the first colored layer having the colored pattern. To do.

a. Substrate The substrate is not particularly limited as long as the first colored pattern plate has the flexibility, and may be transparent or opaque, and is opaque. May be colored with a color that is easily distinguishable from the first colored layer described later so that the contrast with the first colored layer described later becomes high. Examples of the substrate include a resin substrate and the like.

The resin used for such a resin substrate is not particularly limited as long as the first colored pattern plate has the flexibility, but for example, an acrylic resin or a vinyl chloride resin. -Polypropylene resin, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer resin (ABS resin), polyester resin, polycarbonate resin (PC resin) and the like can be mentioned. Among them, a resin having a low tensile elastic modulus (Young's modulus) and a high tensile strength is preferable, and specifically, ABS resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane and the like are preferably used. In particular, polyurethane or the like is preferably used. Since these resins are easily deformed by a small stress and are not easily broken even when a large tensile stress is applied, the desired flexibility can be imparted to the first colored pattern plate.

The thickness of the resin substrate is preferably in the range of 100 μm to 20000 μm. The thinner the resin substrate, the lighter the weight can be. However, expansion and contraction due to thermal expansion and bending of the substrate become problems. If the thickness of the resin substrate is thick, expansion and contraction due to thermal expansion and bending of the substrate become problems. This is because the influence of bending can be reduced, but the weight becomes heavy and installation becomes difficult. When the resin substrate is rectangular in length and width of 500 mm or less, the thickness of the resin substrate is preferably in the range of 300 μm to 6000 μm, and particularly preferably in the range of 500 μm to 3000 μm. It is preferably inside. When the resin substrate is rectangular in length and width of 500 mm or more, the thickness of the resin substrate is preferably in the range of 600 μm to 8000 μm, and particularly preferably in the range of 800 μm to 5000 μm. It is preferably inside.

b. First Colored Layer The first colored layer is not particularly limited as long as it is provided in a pattern on the substrate, but it is preferably a layer having a color that is easily distinguishable from the substrate. .. This is because the first coloring pattern is remarkably represented.

Examples of the first coloring layer include those in which a coloring agent such as a pigment or a dye is dispersed or dissolved in a binder resin, and can be formed by a photolithography method, a printing method, or the like.

As the colorant used for the first color layer, a colorant generally used for inks and the like used outdoors can be used. For example, as a colorant used for the red color layer, for example, a perylene pigment. , Lake pigments, azo pigments, quinacridone pigments, anthraquinone pigments, anthracene pigments, isoindolin pigments and the like. Further, for example, as a colorant used for the green coloring layer, for example, a phthalocyanine pigment such as a halogen polysubstituted phthalocyanine pigment or a halogen polysubstituted copper phthalocyanine pigment, a triphenylmethane basic dye, an isoindoline pigment, and an isoindoline are used. Examples include linone pigments. Further, for example, examples of the colorant used for the blue coloring layer include copper phthalocyanine pigments, anthraquinone pigments, indanthrone pigments, indanthrone pigments, cyanine pigments, dioxazine pigments and the like. Further, these colorants may be mixed and used in the first colored layer.

Further, examples of the binder resin used for the first colored layer include a transparent resin. When the printing method is used as the method for forming the first colored layer, the binder resin includes, for example, polymethylmethacrylate resin, polyacrylate resin, polycarbonate resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, polyvinylpyrrolidone resin, hydroxyethyl cellulose resin, carboxymethyl cellulose resin, and poly. Examples thereof include vinyl chloride resin, melamine resin, phenol resin, alkyd resin, epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, polyester resin, maleic acid resin, polyamide resin and the like. When the photolithography method is used as the method for forming the first colored layer, the binder resin usually has a reactive vinyl group such as an acrylate-based resin, a methacrylate-based resin, a polyvinyl chloride-based resin, or a cyclized rubber-based resin. Ionizing radiation curable resin is used. Usually, an electron beam curable resin or an ultraviolet curable resin is used. When an ultraviolet curable resin is used, a photopolymerization initiator is used alone or in combination with the binder resin. When an ultraviolet curable resin is used, a sensitizer, a coatability improver, a development improver, a cross-linking agent, a polymerization inhibitor, a plasticizer, a flame retardant and the like may be used, if necessary.

The thickness of the first colored layer is preferably in the range of 1 μm to 100 μm, particularly preferably in the range of 5 μm to 70 μm, and particularly preferably in the range of 10 μm to 50 μm. If the thickness is thin, the first colored pattern plate is suitable for increasing the resolution, which is the density of the first colored pattern and the gap pattern, but if it is thinner than this range, the contrast of color appearance is low. Because it becomes. If the thickness is thick, the contrast of color viewing is high, but if it is thicker than this range, color blurring is likely to occur when viewed from an angle, so that the first coloring pattern is not suitable for increasing the resolution. Because it becomes. When the thickness is thin, the first colored layer is preferably formed by a photolithography method, a gravure printing method, an offset printing method, a gravure offset method, a flexographic printing method, or the like, and when the thickness is thick, the above The first colored layer is preferably formed by a screen printing method or the like.

2. 2. Second Colored Pattern Board The second colored pattern board is provided so that the second colored pattern or the light transmission pattern is repeated in a dot shape in a fixed regular manner. Here, in the first embodiment, the "second coloring pattern" means a colored pattern, and the "light transmission pattern" is a pattern in a region where the second coloring pattern is not provided. It means a pattern in which the back side of the second colored pattern plate is visually recognized.

(1) Pattern in the Second Colored Pattern Plate The second colored pattern plate is provided so that the second colored pattern or the light transmission pattern is repeated in a dot shape in a fixed regular manner when viewed in a plan view from the observer side. There is. Specifically, the pattern mode in the second colored pattern plate includes a mode in which the second colored pattern is provided in a dot shape and a mode in which the light transmission pattern is provided in a dot shape. Then, in the embodiment in which the second coloring pattern is provided in a dot shape, the second coloring pattern is a dot pattern provided so as to repeat in a dot shape with a certain regular rule, and the light transmission pattern is the dot pattern. It is a net-like pattern that is a pattern of an area that is not provided. Further, in the embodiment in which the light transmission pattern is provided in a dot shape, the light transmission pattern is a dot pattern provided so as to repeat in a dot shape with a certain regular rule, and the second coloring pattern is provided with the dot pattern. It is a net-like pattern that is a pattern of an area that is not covered.

As a result, the pattern on the second colored pattern plate includes the first colored pattern and the gap pattern that are visually recognized through the second colored pattern and the light transmission pattern when viewed in a plan view from the observer side. It is configured so that the moire can be visually recognized by being combined. As a result, the moiré changes occur with the deformation of the first colored pattern plate, and the deformation of the measurement object linked with the deformation of the first colored pattern plate can be visualized from the change of the moiré.

Among the patterns in the second colored pattern plate, in the aspect in which the second colored pattern is provided in a dot shape, the second colored pattern has the same shape and size when viewed in a plan view from the observer side. This is a dot pattern in which a plurality of second colored dots having a dot shape of No. 1 are arranged in a fixed rule. Further, among the modes of the pattern in the second colored pattern plate, in the mode in which the light transmission pattern is provided in a dot shape, the light transmission pattern has the same shape and size when viewed in a plan view from the observer side. This is a dot pattern in which a plurality of light transmitting dots having a dot shape of are arranged in a fixed manner.

Here, in the present invention, the "second colored dot" means a colored dot-shaped pattern, and the "light transmitting dot" is a dot-shaped pattern in which the back side of the second colored pattern plate is visually recognized. means. Hereinafter, the second colored dot and the light transmitting dot may be collectively referred to as a “dot”.

Further, since the dot shape is the same as the dot shape described in the item of "1. First colored pattern plate (1) Pattern in the first colored pattern plate", the description thereof is omitted here.

Examples of the pattern in the second colored pattern plate include a grid pattern in which the dot shape is a square, such as a plurality of light transmitting rectangular dots 30R and a shading grid pattern 30L shown in FIG. 5, and the dot shape is a circle. A polka dot pattern or the like is mentioned.

In the grid pattern, as the constant rule for arranging the plurality of dots having the same shape and size in a plan view from the observer side, for example, a plurality of lights shown in FIG. 5 Like the fixed rule of arranging the transparent rectangular dots 30R in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, the plurality of dots having the same shape and size are viewed in a plan view from the observer side in the horizontal direction. The centers of gravity of the multiple virtual lines at the same interval and the intersections of the plurality of virtual lines at the same interval in the vertical direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction are arranged, and the four sides are parallel to the horizontal direction or the vertical direction. There is a fixed rule that arranges them so that they are arranged in each of the square areas of.

Further, in the polka dot pattern, as the constant rule for arranging the plurality of dots having the same shape and size in a plan view from the observer side, for example, the shape and size are the same. When the plurality of dots, which are circular in the shape of a circle, are viewed in a plan view from the observer side, a plurality of virtual lines having the same horizontal direction and a plurality of virtual lines having the same vertical direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction There is a fixed rule of arranging their centers at the intersections.

In the second colored pattern board, the width of the dots described in the item of "1. First colored pattern board (1) Pattern in the first colored pattern board" is set to the pitch of the pattern in the first colored pattern board (p). ) Is preferably 10% or more, and the dot width is preferably 10% or more of the pattern pitch (p) in the second colored pattern plate. Further, it is preferable that the line width (L) and the pitch (p) of the net pattern are within the same range as the line width (L) and the pitch (p) of the net pattern described in the above items, respectively. The reason is the same as the reason described in the above item.

Here, in the present invention, the pattern pitch in the second colored pattern board means the width of the unit of the pattern that repeats according to a certain rule in the pattern in the second colored pattern board, and specifically, the width of the unit of the dot. It means the sum of the width and the line width of the above-mentioned network pattern. For example, in the grid pattern in which the dot shape is square, the distance between the centers of gravity of the adjacent dots is the pitch, and in the polka dot pattern in which the dot shape is circular, the distance between the centers of the adjacent dots is the pitch. is there.

In particular, in the grid pattern in which the plurality of light transmitting dots having the same shape and size are arranged according to the fixed rule, the pitch (p) which is the distance between the centers of gravity of the adjacent light transmitting dots. The line width (L) of the net pattern is a pitch which is a distance between the centers of gravity of the adjacent gap dots described in the item of "1. First colored pattern plate (1) Pattern in the first colored pattern plate". It is preferable that it is within the same range as (p) and the line width (L) of the network pattern. The reason is the same as the reason described in the above item.

Further, in the polka dot pattern in which the plurality of the light transmitting dots having the same shape and size are arranged according to the fixed rule, the pitch (p) which is the distance between the centers of the adjacent light transmitting dots. The diameter of the light transmitting dot is the distance between the centers of the adjacent gap dots described in the item "1. First colored pattern plate (1) Pattern in the first colored pattern plate" (p). And it is preferable that the diameters of the gap dots are within the same range. The reason is the same as the reason described in the above item.

(2) Second Colored Pattern Plate The second colored pattern plate is not particularly limited as long as it is provided so that the second colored pattern or the light transmission pattern is repeated in a dot shape in a fixed regular manner. When the displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment is the first aspect in which the first and second colored pattern plates described in the item of "3. Displacement visualization sensor" described later are joined, the measurement object It is necessary to have flexibility that can be deformed in conjunction with the deformation of the above, and the displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment is described in the item of "3. Displacement visualization sensor" described later. In the second aspect in which the above-mentioned objects are separated, it is preferable to have a rigidity sufficient to visualize the deformation of the measurement object. Hereinafter, the second colored pattern plate having the flexibility and the second colored pattern plate having the rigidity will be described.

(2-1) Flexible Second Colored Pattern Plate The flexible second colored pattern plate includes, for example, a transparent substrate and a second colored layer on one surface of the transparent substrate. Examples thereof include those in which the second colored layer has the second colored pattern and the pattern of the region on one surface of the transparent substrate where the second colored layer is not provided is the light transmission pattern. Hereinafter, the second colored pattern board having the flexibility will be described with a focus on each configuration of the second colored pattern board having the second colored layer on one surface of the transparent substrate and the transparent substrate.

a. Transparent substrate The transparent substrate has transparency to the extent that the first coloring pattern and the gap pattern can be visually recognized through the transparent substrate, and can be deformed in conjunction with the deformation of the measurement object. As long as it has flexibility, it is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a transparent resin substrate. The transparency of the transparent substrate is not particularly limited as long as it is transparent enough to allow the colored layer to be visually recognized through the transparent substrate, but the total light transmittance is preferably 80% or more. More preferably, it is 90% or more. Here, the total light transmittance of the transparent substrate can be measured by JIS K7361-1 (a test method for the total light transmittance of a plastic-transparent material).

The resin used for such a transparent resin substrate is not particularly limited as long as the second colored pattern plate has the flexibility, but for example, an acrylic resin or vinyl chloride. Examples thereof include resin / polypropylene resin, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer resin (ABS resin), polyester resin, polycarbonate resin (PC resin) and the like. Among them, a resin in which the transparent substrate made of the resin has a low tensile elastic modulus (Young's modulus) and a high tensile strength is preferable, and specifically, ABS resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane and the like are preferably used. In particular, polyurethane and the like are preferably used. Since these resins are easily deformed by a small stress and are not easily broken even when a large tensile stress is applied, the desired flexibility can be imparted to the second colored pattern plate.

The thickness of the transparent resin substrate is preferably in the range of 100 μm to 20000 μm. The thinner the resin transparent substrate, the lighter the weight can be. However, expansion and contraction due to thermal expansion and bending of the substrate become problems. Therefore, if the resin transparent substrate is thick, expansion and contraction due to thermal expansion and expansion and contraction This is because the influence of the bending of the substrate can be reduced, but the weight becomes heavy and the installation becomes difficult. When the resin transparent substrate is rectangular in length and width of 500 mm or less, the thickness of the resin transparent substrate is preferably in the range of 300 μm to 6000 μm, and particularly preferably 500 μm to 3000 μm. It is preferably within the range of. When the resin transparent substrate is rectangular in length and width of 500 mm or more, the thickness of the resin transparent substrate is preferably in the range of 600 μm to 8000 μm, particularly 800 μm to 5000 μm. It is preferably within the range of.

b. Second Colored Layer The second colored layer is not particularly limited as long as it is provided on one surface of the transparent substrate, but the first colored pattern visually recognized through the transparent substrate. A layer having a color that is easily distinguishable from the gap pattern is preferable. This is because the second coloring pattern is remarkably represented.

Examples of the second colored layer include those in which a colorant such as a pigment or a dye is dispersed or dissolved in a binder resin, and can be formed by a photolithography method, a printing method, or the like. In addition, as the second colored layer, for example, a metal thin film such as chromium is formed by a sputtering method, a vacuum vapor deposition method, or the like, and the thin film is patterned.

The colorant used for the second colored layer is used for the first colored layer described in the item of "1. 1st colored pattern plate (2) 1st colored pattern plate b. 1st colored layer". In addition to the same colorants as the colorants, black colorants can be mentioned. The description of the same colorant as the colorant used for the first color layer will be omitted here. Examples of the black colorant include titanium pigments such as titanium nitride, titanium oxide, and titanium oxynitride, and carbon black and the like. Further, regarding the binder resin used for the second colored layer, the binder resin described in the item of "1. 1st colored pattern plate (2) 1st colored pattern plate b. 1st colored layer" Since it is the same as the binder resin used, the description here will be omitted.

When the second coloring layer is a colorant dispersed or dissolved in a binder resin, the thickness of the second coloring layer is described in the above "1. First coloring pattern plate (2) First coloring. Since it is the same as the thickness of the first colored layer described in the item of "Pattern plate b. First colored layer", the description thereof is omitted here. When the second colored layer is a metal thin film such as chromium, for example, the second colored layer contains chromium having an atomic percentage of chromium of 60% or more, oxygen, oxygen and nitrogen, oxygen and carbon, and oxygen and nitrogen. When composed of a set selected from carbon, the thickness of the second colored layer is preferably in the range of 100 nm to 5000 nm, particularly in the range of 300 nm to 2000 nm, particularly in the range of 500 nm to 1000 nm. It is preferably inside. This is because if it is thinner than this range, sufficient light-shielding property cannot be ensured. Further, if it is thicker than this range, it takes time to form a film.

(2-2) Rigid Second Colored Pattern Plate The second colored pattern plate having rigidity includes, for example, a transparent substrate and a second colored layer on one surface of the transparent substrate, and the second colored pattern plate. Examples thereof include those in which the layer has the second coloring pattern and the pattern of the region on one surface of the transparent substrate where the second coloring layer is not provided is the light transmission pattern. Hereinafter, the second colored pattern board having the rigidity will be described centering on each configuration of the second colored pattern board having the second colored layer on one surface of the transparent substrate and the transparent substrate.

a. Transparent substrate The transparent substrate has transparency to the extent that the first coloring pattern and the gap pattern can be visually recognized through the transparent substrate, and the deformation of the measurement object can be visualized. It is not particularly limited as long as it has rigidity, and examples thereof include a transparent resin substrate and a transparent glass substrate. Further, the transparency of the transparent substrate is the same as the transparency described above.

(A) Resin-made transparent substrate When a resin-made transparent substrate is used as the transparent substrate, it has excellent impact resistance and the like, and therefore, when the object to be measured is a slope or a high-rise building. Even if there is, it is possible to visualize the deformation without causing problems such as cracks and cracks.

Examples of the resin used for the resin transparent substrate include acrylic resin, vinyl chloride resin / polypropylene resin, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer resin (ABS resin), polyester resin, polycarbonate resin (PC resin) and the like. be able to.
In the present invention, a polycarbonate resin is particularly preferable. This is because it has advantages such as high impact resistance, heat resistance, and high Young's modulus, which makes it difficult for stress deformation.

The thickness of the transparent resin substrate is preferably in the range of 100 μm to 20000 μm. The thinner the resin transparent substrate, the lighter the weight can be. However, expansion and contraction due to thermal expansion and bending of the substrate become problems. Therefore, if the resin transparent substrate is thick, expansion and contraction due to thermal expansion and expansion and contraction This is because the influence of the bending of the substrate can be reduced, but the weight becomes heavy and the installation becomes difficult. When the resin transparent substrate is rectangular in length and width of 500 mm or less, the thickness of the resin transparent substrate is preferably in the range of 300 μm to 6000 μm, and particularly preferably 500 μm to 3000 μm. It is preferably within the range of. When the resin transparent substrate is rectangular in length and width of 500 mm or more, the thickness of the resin transparent substrate is preferably in the range of 600 μm to 8000 μm, particularly 800 μm to 5000 μm. It is preferably within the range of.

(B) Transparent glass substrate When a transparent glass substrate is used as the transparent substrate, it is difficult to be thermally deformed because the coefficient of thermal expansion is low, and it is difficult to be stress-deformed because the Young's modulus (tensile elastic modulus) is high. By increasing the sensitivity of the visualization sensor, even small deformations that occur in measurement objects such as iron man-made structures such as bridges, tunnels, trains, ships, and airplanes can be reliably visualized. Because it can be done.

Examples of the transparent glass substrate include non-alkali glass, soda-lime glass, thin tempered glass, low-reflection glass, and low thermal expansion glass.

The thickness of the glass substrate is preferably in the range of 100 μm to 20000 μm. The thinner the glass substrate is, the lighter the weight can be. However, if the thickness is thinner than this range, the substrate has a problem of weak bending and physical strength. Further, if the thickness of the glass substrate is large, the influence of the bending of the substrate and the physical strength can be reduced, but if it is thicker than this range, the weight becomes heavy and installation becomes difficult. Further, when the first colored pattern plate and the second colored pattern plate are arranged so that the surface on the first colored pattern side and the surface on the side opposite to the second colored pattern side face each other. This is because if the transparent glass substrate having a thickness thicker than this range is used between the first colored layer and the second colored layer, color blurring will occur when viewed from an angle. When the glass substrate is rectangular in length and width of 500 mm or less, the thickness of the glass substrate may be in the range of 300 μm to 6000 μm, particularly in the range of 500 μm to 3000 μm. preferable. When the glass substrate is rectangular in length and width of 500 mm or more, the thickness of the glass substrate may be in the range of 600 μm to 8000 μm, particularly in the range of 800 μm to 5000 μm. preferable.

b. Second Colored Layer The second colored layer is the same as the second colored layer described in the item "(2-1) Flexible second colored pattern plate b. Second colored layer". , The description here is omitted.

3. Displacement visualization sensor In the displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment, the arrangement direction of the patterns on the second colored pattern plate is inclined with respect to the arrangement direction of the patterns on the first colored pattern plate. As a result, the first and second colored pattern plates are viewed from the observer side in a plan view, and the first colored pattern and the gap pattern that are visually recognized through the second colored pattern and the light transmission pattern. It is configured so that moire can be visually recognized by combining.

Here, in the present invention, the pattern arrangement direction in the first colored pattern board means the direction in which the unit of the pattern repeats in the pattern in the first colored pattern board. Further, the pattern arrangement direction in the second colored pattern board means a direction in which the unit of the pattern repeats in the pattern in the second colored pattern board.

The displacement visualization sensor may be, for example, one in which the first colored pattern plate has flexibility that can be deformed in conjunction with the deformation of the measurement object to which the first colored pattern plate is joined. However, it can be roughly divided into a first aspect in which the first and second colored pattern plates are joined and a second aspect in which the first and second colored pattern plates are separated.
Hereinafter, the displacement visualization sensor will be described in detail with a focus on the first aspect and the second aspect.

(1) In the displacement visualization sensor of the first aspect, the first and second colored pattern plates have flexibility that can be deformed in conjunction with the deformation of the measurement object, and the measurement object has the flexibility. The second colored pattern plate bonded to the first colored pattern plate is deformed in conjunction with the deformation of the measurement object together with the first colored pattern plate bonded to the first colored pattern plate. Therefore, from the change of the moire caused by the deformation of the first and second colored pattern plates, the deformation of the measurement object linked with the deformation of the first and second colored pattern plates is visualized.

a. Pattern on the first colored pattern board and pattern on the second colored pattern board In the first aspect, the second colored pattern and the light transmission pattern on the second colored pattern board are the first colored pattern on the first colored pattern board. The moire is formed by inclining the arrangement direction of the pattern on the second colored pattern plate with respect to the arrangement direction of the pattern on the first colored pattern plate. It is configured to be visible.

Here, when the pattern in the first colored pattern plate is the grid pattern in which the plurality of gap dots having the same shape and size are arranged in a fixed rule, the above "same". The "constant rule" means that, for example, the plurality of light transmitting dots having the same shape and size as the plurality of gap dots in the second colored pattern plate are the same as the plurality of gap dots. The pitch (p), which is the distance between the centers of gravity of the adjacent gap dots, and the line width (L) of the first coloring pattern, which is the net pattern, are the grid patterns arranged according to the same fixed rule. It means that they are the same as the pitch (p) which is the distance between the centers of gravity of the light transmitting dots and the line width (L) of the second coloring pattern which is the net pattern.

Further, when the pattern in the first colored pattern plate is the polka dot-like pattern in which the plurality of gap dots having the same shape and size are arranged in a fixed rule, the above-mentioned "same constant". The "rule" means that the plurality of light transmitting dots in which the pattern in the second colored pattern plate is circular in the same shape and size as the plurality of gap dots are the same as the plurality of gap dots. It is the polka dot-like pattern arranged according to a certain rule, and the pitch (p) which is the distance between the centers of the adjacent gap dots and the diameter of the gap dots are the distances between the centers of the adjacent light transmission dots. It means that the pitch (p) and the diameter of the light transmitting dots are the same, respectively.

Further, as a combination of the pattern on the first colored pattern plate and the pattern on the second colored pattern plate, it is preferable that the color of the first colored pattern and the color of the second colored pattern are different. This is because the deformation of the measurement object can be clearly visualized.

Further, in the displacement visualization sensor, when the width of the region where the first coloring pattern and the second coloring pattern overlap and the moire is displayed is set to A in a plan view from the observer side, the moire is generated. The width A of the displayed region and the pitch P of the moire in the initial state in which the measurement object is not deformed are preferably in a range satisfying the following equation (1). Above all, it is preferable to set the range so as to satisfy the following formula (1-2), and particularly preferably to set the range so as to satisfy the following formula (1-3).

Further, in the line-and-space pattern and the dot pattern, the pitch (p) of these patterns, the pitch P of the moire, and the arrangement direction of the patterns on the second colored pattern plate in the first embodiment are set to the first colored pattern. The relationship of the following equation (2) is established between the angles α ° tilted with respect to the arrangement direction of the patterns on the plate. Therefore, the angle α ° at which the pattern arrangement direction on the second colored pattern plate is tilted with respect to the pattern arrangement direction on the first colored pattern plate is within a range that satisfies the above equation (1) and the following equation (2). Is preferable. .. Above all, it is preferable to set the range so as to satisfy the above formula (1-2) and the following formula (2), and particularly to satisfy the above formula (1-3) and the following formula (2). preferable.

b. Method for Visualizing Deformation of Object to be Measured In the displacement visualization sensor of the first aspect, the first coloring pattern and the first coloring pattern visually recognized through the second coloring pattern and the light transmission pattern when viewed in a plan view from the observer side. The change in moire that is visually recognized by being combined with the gap pattern occurs with the deformation of the first and second colored pattern plates, and the deformation of the measurement object is visualized from the change in moire.

In the visualization method of visualizing the deformation of the measurement object using the displacement visualization sensor, the direction and magnitude of the deformation of the first and second colored pattern plates corresponding to the change contents of the moire are recorded in advance. Can be left behind. Then, when the deformation of the measurement object is visualized by using the displacement visualization sensor, the moire changes caused by the deformation of the first and second colored pattern plates are recorded in advance. By referring to the deformation direction and size of the first and second colored pattern plates corresponding to the change contents of the moiré, the deformation direction and size of the measurement object can be visualized.
For example, in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, when the first and second colored pattern plates are stretched in the X and Y directions, the rectangle represented by the moire 10R is Y, respectively. The shape extends in the direction and the X direction, but the change content of the moire corresponding to the deformation direction and size of the first and second colored pattern plates is not limited to this example, and the first The change content of the moire corresponding to the direction and size of the deformation of the second colored pattern plate differs depending on the patterns in the first and second colored pattern plates constituting the moire.

c. Arrangement of First Colored Pattern Plate and Second Colored Pattern Plate The arrangement of the first and second colored pattern plates in the displacement visualization sensor of the first aspect is not particularly limited, but for example, the first colored pattern plate. The plate and the second colored pattern plate may be arranged so that the surface on the first colored pattern side and the surface on the second colored pattern side face each other, and the surface on the first colored pattern side and the surface on the second colored pattern side are opposed to each other. 2 It may be arranged so as to face the surface opposite to the coloring pattern.

d. As the displacement visualization sensor of the first aspect of the adhesive layer, it is preferable that the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 has an adhesive layer provided on one side of the first colored pattern plate. One side of the first colored pattern plate can be joined to the measurement object via the adhesive layer. Therefore, when the measurement object for which the displacement visualization sensor visualizes the deformation thermally expands, one side of the first colored pattern plate in the displacement visualization sensor is joined to the measurement object via the adhesive layer. Therefore, it expands following the measurement object. Therefore, when the deformation of the measurement object is visualized by using the displacement visualization sensor, the influence of the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between the measurement object and the first colored pattern plate can be suppressed. is there.

(2) Second Aspect In the displacement visualization sensor of the second aspect, since the first and second colored pattern plates are separated, they are joined to the measurement target of the first and second colored pattern plates. Only the first colored pattern plate is deformed in conjunction with the deformation of the measurement object. Therefore, from the change in the moire caused by the deformation of only the first colored pattern plate, the deformation of the measurement object linked with the deformation of only the first colored pattern plate is visualized.

Here, in the present invention, "the first and second colored pattern plates are separated" means that the first and second colored pattern plates are temporarily joined before the deformation of the measurement object. Also, when the measurement object is deformed, only the first colored pattern plate of the first and second colored pattern plates is deformed in conjunction with the deformation of the measurement object, so that the first colored pattern is deformed. It means that the plate is separated from the second colored pattern plate.

a. Pattern on the first colored pattern plate and pattern on the second colored pattern plate In the second aspect as well as in the first aspect, the second colored pattern and the light transmission pattern on the second colored pattern plate are the first colored. It is provided so as to repeat with the same constant rules as the first colored pattern and the gap pattern on the pattern plate, and the arrangement direction of the patterns on the second colored pattern plate is set with respect to the arrangement direction of the patterns on the first colored pattern plate. By tilting, the moire is configured to be visible.

Here, the "same constant rule" is the same as the "same constant rule" described in the item "(1) First aspect a. Pattern on the first colored pattern board and pattern on the second colored pattern board". Since they have the same contents, the description here is omitted.

Further, as a combination of the pattern on the first colored pattern plate and the pattern on the second colored pattern plate, the color of the first colored pattern and the color of the second colored pattern are the same as those of the displacement visualization sensor of the first aspect. Are different. For the same reason.

Further, in the displacement visualization sensor, when the width of the region where the first coloring pattern and the second coloring pattern overlap and the moire is displayed is set to A in a plan view from the observer side, the moire is generated. The width A of the displayed area and the pitch P of the moire in the initial state in which the measurement object is not deformed are the above-mentioned "(1) First aspect a. Pattern in the first colored pattern plate and the second colored pattern. It is preferable that the width A of the area where the moire is displayed and the pitch P of the moire described in the item of "Pattern on the plate" are within the same range. Further, the angle α ° at which the pattern arrangement direction in the second colored pattern plate is tilted with respect to the pattern arrangement direction in the first colored pattern plate is determined by the above-mentioned “(1) first aspect a. It is preferable that the angle is within the same range as the angle α ° described in the item “Pattern and pattern in the second colored pattern plate”.

b. Method of Visualizing Deformation of Measurement Object In the displacement visualization sensor of the second aspect, the first coloring pattern and the first coloring pattern visually recognized through the second coloring pattern and the light transmission pattern when viewed in a plan view from the observer side. The change in moire that is visually recognized by being combined with the gap pattern occurs with the deformation of only the first colored pattern plate, and the deformation of the measurement object is visualized from the change in moire.

In the visualization method for visualizing the deformation of the measurement object using the displacement visualization sensor, the direction and magnitude of the deformation of the first colored pattern plate corresponding to the change content of the moire are recorded in advance. Then, when the deformation of the measurement object is visualized by using the displacement visualization sensor, the change of the moire recorded in advance from the change of the moire caused by the deformation of the first colored pattern plate is obtained. The direction and size of the deformation of the measurement object are visualized by referring to the direction and size of the deformation of the first colored pattern plate corresponding to the content.
For example, in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, when the first colored pattern plate is stretched in the X direction or the Y direction, the rectangle represented by the moire 10R becomes a parallelogram. However, the change content of the moire corresponding to the deformation direction and size of the first colored pattern plate is not limited to this example, and corresponds to the deformation direction and size of the first colored pattern plate. The content of the change in the moiré differs depending on the patterns in the first colored pattern plate and the second colored pattern plate constituting the moiré.

c. Usage method In the second aspect, as a method of using the displacement visualization sensor of the second aspect, the second colored pattern plate is joined to the measurement object except when visualizing the deformation of the measurement object. 1 A method of observing changes in moire by arranging the second colored pattern plate on the first colored pattern plate only when visualizing the deformation of the measurement object without arranging the second colored pattern plate on the colored pattern plate. May be used. According to this method, even when not visualizing the deformation of the measurement object, the deformation of the measurement object is visualized in the same manner as the method of arranging the second colored pattern plate on the first colored pattern plate. This is because the deformation of the measurement object can be concealed by anyone other than the observer.

d. Arrangement of the first colored pattern plate and the second colored pattern plate Regarding the arrangement of the first and second colored pattern plates in the displacement visualization sensor of the second aspect, the above-mentioned "(1) First aspect c. First colored pattern plate". And, since it is the same as the arrangement described in the item of "Arrangement of the second colored pattern plate", the description here is omitted.

e. As the displacement visualization sensor of the second aspect of the alignment pattern, the first coloring pattern plate or the second coloring pattern plate further has an alignment pattern for aligning the positions of the first coloring pattern and the second coloring pattern. Is preferable. This is because it becomes easy to align the first coloring pattern and the second coloring pattern in the second coloring pattern plate installation step in the displacement visualization method described in "B. Displacement visualization method" described later.

The alignment pattern may be a pattern provided on one of the first colored pattern plate and the second colored pattern plate, but is provided on both the first colored pattern plate and the second colored pattern plate, respectively. The pattern is preferable. By aligning the alignment pattern of the first colored pattern plate and the alignment pattern of the second colored pattern plate, the positions of the first colored pattern plate and the second colored pattern plate can be easily aligned. Because.

f. The displacement visualization sensor of the second aspect of the frame further includes a frame surrounding the outer periphery of the second colored pattern plate, as in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG. 8, and the thermal expansion of the frame and the object to be measured. It is preferable that the coefficient difference is smaller than the coefficient of thermal expansion difference between the second colored pattern plate and the measurement object. When the measurement object whose deformation is visualized by the displacement visualization sensor thermally expands, the outer circumference of the second colored pattern plate in the displacement visualization sensor is surrounded by a frame whose thermal expansion coefficient is close to that of the measurement object. It will expand following the above-mentioned measurement object. Therefore, when the deformation of the measurement object is visualized by using the displacement visualization sensor, the influence of the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between the measurement object and the second colored pattern plate can be suppressed. is there.

g. Adhesive layer As the displacement visualization sensor of the second aspect, it is preferable that an adhesive layer is provided on one side of the first colored pattern plate as in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. The reason is the same as the reason described in the above item "(1) First aspect d. Adhesive layer".

(3) Others The displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment may be another embodiment.

FIG. 12A is a schematic top view showing another example of the displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment. 12 (b) is a schematic top view showing the first colored pattern plate shown in FIG. 12 (a), and FIG. 12 (c) is a schematic top view showing the second colored pattern plate shown in FIG. 12 (a). It is a figure.

The displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG. 12A is the measurement area 2r (measurement) of the structure 2 shown in FIGS. 1B and 2 in the same manner as the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3. It visualizes the deformation of the object), and has a first colored pattern plate 20 shown in FIG. 12 (b) and a second colored pattern plate 30 shown in FIG. 12 (c). In the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG. 12A, the first colored pattern plate 20 has the above structure via an adhesive layer (not shown), similarly to the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3. It is joined to the measurement area 2r of the object. The second colored pattern plate 30 is joined to the first colored pattern plate 20 via an adhesive layer (not shown). The first colored pattern plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 are laminated in parallel so that the first colored pattern plate 20 is on the measurement target side and the second colored pattern plate 30 is on the observer side. As a result, the displacement visualization sensor 10 is installed in the measurement area 2r of the structure 2. Further, the first colored pattern plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 have flexibility that can be deformed in conjunction with the deformation of the measurement region 2r of the structure 2.

The first colored pattern plate 20 shown in FIG. 12B has first to first to fifth colored pattern regions 201 to 205. Each of the 1st to 1st to 1st to 5th colored pattern regions 2001 to 205 has a plurality of gaps in the first colored pattern plate 20 shown in FIG. 4, and a plurality of gaps similar to the colored lattice pattern 20L. As a result of having a rectangular dot 20R and a colored lattice pattern 20L, the pitch (p) which is the distance between the centers of gravity of adjacent gap rectangular dots 20R in the 1st to 1st to 5th colored pattern regions 201 to 205 is different. The resolutions of the 1st to 1st to 1st to 5th colored pattern regions 201 to 205 are different.

Further, the second colored pattern plate 30 shown in FIG. 12 (c) has the 2-1 to 2-5 colored pattern regions 301 to 305. Each of the 2-1 to 2-5 colored pattern regions 301 to 305 transmits a plurality of light transmitting rectangular dots 30R and a plurality of light transmitting similar to the light-shielding lattice pattern 30L in the second colored pattern plate 30 shown in FIG. It has a rectangular dot 30R and a light-shielding lattice pattern 30L, but the pitch (p), which is the distance between the centers of gravity of adjacent light-transmitting rectangular dots 30R in the 2-1st to 2nd-5th colored pattern regions 301 to 305, is the first pitch (p). As a result of being the same as the pitch (p) which is the distance between the centers of gravity of the adjacent gap rectangular dots 20R in the -1 to 1-5 coloring pattern regions 201 to 205, the 2-1 to 2-5 coloring The resolutions of the pattern regions 301 to 305 are different.

Therefore, in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG. 12 (a), in the state where the measurement region 2r of the structure 2 is not deformed, the 2-1 to 2-5 colored pattern regions 301 to 305 The first to fifth display areas 101 to 105, which are arranged so as to overlap the first to first to first to fifth colored pattern areas 201 to 205, respectively, have a pattern arrangement direction on the second colored pattern plate 30. 1 The colored pattern board 20 is tilted at the same angle with respect to the arrangement direction of the patterns, and the resolutions are different from each other. As a result, the first colored pattern plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 are viewed in a plan view from the Z direction, and in the first to fifth display regions 101 to 105, the light-transmitting grid pattern 30L and the light-transmitting rectangular dot 30R are interposed. By combining the colored lattice pattern 20L and the gap rectangular dot 20R that are visually recognized, different moire patterns are visually recognized.

Therefore, in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG. 12A, the rate of change of the moire due to the deformation of the first colored pattern plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 is the first to fifth display regions 101 to It will be different at 105. Specifically, the smaller the resolution of the first to fifth display areas 101 to 105, the larger the rate of change of the moire. Therefore, in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG. 12A, the deformation of the measurement region 2r of the structure 2 is caused by the change of a plurality of moire patterns having different rates of change that occur in the first to fifth display regions 101 to 105. Since it can be visualized, the deformation of the measurement area 2r of the structure 2 can be visualized in detail.

As the displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment, as in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG. 12A, the first colored pattern plate has a plurality of first colored pattern regions, and the plurality of first colored pattern plates. The first colored pattern or the gap pattern is provided in the first colored pattern region so as to repeat in a dot shape in a fixed regular manner, and the second colored pattern plate has a plurality of first colored pattern plates that overlap each other with the plurality of first colored pattern regions. It has two colored pattern regions, and the second colored pattern or the light transmission pattern is provided in the plurality of second colored pattern regions so as to repeat in a dot shape in a fixed regular manner, and the first and second colored pattern plates are provided. Consists of a plurality of display areas arranged so as to overlap each of the plurality of first colored pattern areas corresponding to the plurality of second colored pattern areas, and at least a part of moire generated in the plurality of display areas is Different ones are preferred. The first and second colored pattern plates are formed by combining the second colored pattern with the first colored pattern and the gap pattern visually recognized through the light transmission pattern in the plurality of display areas. It is configured so that different moire can be seen. Therefore, different changes in the moire occur in the plurality of display areas due to the deformation of at least the first colored pattern plate among the first and second colored pattern plates, and the moire in the plurality of display areas From the different changes, the deformation of the first colored pattern plate can be visualized. This is because the deformation of the measurement object can be visualized in detail.

The displacement visualization sensor is not particularly limited as long as at least a part of the moire generated in the plurality of display areas is different, but the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG. 12 (a). As described above, by differentiating the resolutions of the plurality of display areas, the moiré patterns having different shapes or size changes due to the deformation of the first colored pattern plate when viewed in a plan view from the observer side can be obtained. It is preferable that the display area of the above is configured to be visually recognized. This is because the deformation of the measurement object can be visualized from the changes of the plurality of moire patterns having different rates of change that occur in the plurality of display areas, so that the deformation of the measurement object can be visualized in detail. is there.

Further, as the displacement visualization sensor, it is preferable that the displacement visualization sensor is configured so that moire of different shapes can be visually recognized in the plurality of display areas when viewed in a plan view from the observer side. This is because the deformation of the measurement object can be visualized from the changes of the plurality of moire patterns having different shapes that occur in the plurality of display areas, so that the deformation of the measurement object can be visualized in detail. .. Specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 13 (a), in the displacement visualization sensor 10 configured such that the square moire 10R and the cross moire 10R are visually recognized in the two display areas 300, respectively. Since the deformation direction of the measurement object, which is easy to visualize, differs between the square moire and the cross-shaped moire, the deformation direction of the measurement object can be visualized in detail.

Further, it is preferable that the displacement visualization sensor is configured so that moire facing in different directions can be visually recognized in the plurality of display areas when viewed in a plan view from the observer side. Since the deformation of the measurement object can be visualized from the changes of the plurality of moire facing different directions that occur in the plurality of display areas, the deformation of the measurement object can be visualized in detail. Is. Specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 13B, a square moire 10R whose side is parallel to the X direction and a square moire 10R whose diagonal line is parallel to the X direction are in two display areas 300, respectively. In the displacement visualization sensor 10 configured to be visible, the deformation direction of the measurement object, which is easy to visualize, differs between the two square moire patterns, so that the deformation direction of the measurement object can be visualized in detail. it can.

Here, in the first embodiment, the resolution of the display area means that is determined by the resolution of the first colored pattern area and the resolution of the second colored pattern area arranged so as to overlap the display area. .. Further, the resolution of the first coloring pattern region means the densities of the first coloring pattern and the gap pattern provided so as to repeat in the first coloring pattern region, and is the resolution of the second coloring pattern region. Means the densities of the second coloring pattern and the light transmission pattern that are repeatedly provided in the second coloring pattern region. The resolution of the first coloring pattern area and the resolution of the second coloring pattern area arranged so as to overlap the display area are the same, and the resolution of the display area is the first one arranged so as to overlap the display area. It is proportional to the resolution of the colored pattern region and the second colored pattern region.

4. Applications The displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment can be used for applications other than the application for visualizing the deformation of the measurement object in the linear direction. The displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment is used for visualizing the deformation of the measurement object around the axis in the Z direction, for visualizing the deformation of the surface shape of the measurement object, and at each position of the measurement object. It can be used for visualizing deformation.

5. Object to be measured Examples of the object to be measured for visualizing deformation using the displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment include artificial structures made of concrete such as slopes and high-rise buildings, bridges, and the like. Examples include measurement areas in iron man-made structures such as tunnels, trains, ships, and airplanes. Above all, the measurement area in an artificial structure made of concrete such as a slope or a high-rise building is preferable. This is because any deformation of a size that needs to be visualized in the measurement area of a concrete artificial structure such as a slope or a high-rise building can be reliably visualized by the displacement visualization sensor.

Here, the slope is an artificial slope created by cutting or embankment. For the measurement area on the slope, it is necessary to visualize the deformation of 0.1% or more in the linear direction parallel to the slope. With the displacement visualization sensor, it is possible to visualize the deformation of 0.1% or more in the linear direction parallel to the slope with respect to the measurement area on the slope. Further, for the measurement area in a high-rise building, it is necessary to visualize the deformation of 0.1% or more in the linear direction parallel to the wall surface of the high-rise building. With the displacement visualization sensor, it is possible to visualize the deformation of 0.1% or more in the linear direction parallel to the wall surface of the high-rise building in the measurement area of the high-rise building.

6. Manufacturing Method The manufacturing method of the displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment is particularly limited as long as it is a manufacturing method including the step of manufacturing the first colored pattern board and the step of manufacturing the second colored pattern board. It's not a thing. In the step of manufacturing the first colored pattern board and the step of manufacturing the second colored pattern board, for example, the first colored pattern board and the second colored pattern board are produced by a general method for manufacturing a color filter. Examples thereof include manufacturing processes.

II. Second Embodiment Hereinafter, the displacement visualization sensor of the second embodiment will be described in detail.

An example of the displacement visualization sensor of the second embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1A is a schematic top view showing an example of the displacement visualization sensor of the second embodiment. FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1A. FIG. 2 is a schematic top view showing an example of a measurement region of the structure to which the first colored pattern plate shown in FIG. 1 is joined. FIG. 14A is a schematic top view showing an example of the displacement visualization sensor of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in a state where the measurement region of the structure is not deformed, and FIG. 14B is FIG. It is an enlarged view of the H part of FIG. 14A, and FIG. 14C is a sectional view taken along line HH of FIG. 14B. 15 (a) is a schematic top view showing the first colored pattern plate shown in FIG. 14, and FIG. 15 (b) is a schematic top view showing the second colored pattern plate shown in FIG.

The displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 14 visualizes the deformation of the measurement region 2r (measurement object) of the structure 2 shown in FIGS. 1 (b) and 2 and is a first coloring pattern. It has a plate 20 and a second colored pattern plate 30. In the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 14, the first colored pattern plate 20 is joined to the measurement region 2r of the structure 2 via the adhesive layer 60. The second colored pattern plate 30 is joined to the first colored pattern plate 20 in the measurement region 2r of the structure 2 via the adhesive layer 60. The first colored pattern plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 are laminated in parallel so that the first colored pattern plate 20 is on the measurement region side of the structure and the second colored pattern plate 30 is on the observer side. .. As a result, the displacement visualization sensor 10 is installed in the measurement area 2r of the structure 2. Further, the first colored pattern plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 have flexibility that can be deformed in conjunction with the deformation of the measurement region 2r of the structure 2.

As shown in FIG. 15A, in the first colored pattern plate 20, similarly to the first colored pattern plate 20 shown in FIG. 4, the red colored layer 24 has a plurality of square gaps on the substrate 22. It is provided in a grid pattern in the area excluding. As a result, in the first colored pattern plate 20 shown in FIG. 15A, as in the case of the first colored pattern plate 20 shown in FIG. 4, the gap rectangular dots 20R formed by the gaps of the squares are repeated in a fixed rule. The colored grid pattern 20L composed of the red colored layer 24 is provided in a region other than the region of the gap rectangular dot 20R.

Further, as shown in FIG. 15B, in the second colored pattern plate 30, the light-shielding layer 34 is provided on the transparent substrate 32 in a grid pattern in a region excluding a plurality of gaps. The center of gravity of the plurality of gaps is arranged at the intersection of a plurality of virtual lines at the same interval in the horizontal direction and a plurality of virtual lines at the same interval in the vertical direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction in a plan view from the Z direction. It is provided to do so. The plurality of gaps have the same square shape whose four sides are parallel to the horizontal direction or the vertical direction. As a result, the light-transmitting rectangular dots 30R formed by the gaps of the squares are provided so as to repeat in a constant manner, and the light-shielding grid pattern 30L composed of the light-shielding layer 34 is provided in a region other than the region of the light-transmitting rectangular dots 30R. In the light-shielding grid pattern 30L, the line width (L) is L2, in the light-transmitting rectangular dot 30R, the length of one side is a2, and the pitch (p), which is the distance between adjacent centers of gravity, is p2. The line width L2 of the light-shielding lattice pattern 30L is larger than the line width L1 of the colored lattice pattern 20L, and the pitch p2 of the light-transmitting rectangular dots 30R is larger than the pitch p1 of the gap rectangular dots 20R. The length a2 of one side of the dot 30R is larger than the length a1 of one side of the gap rectangular dot 20R. Further, the arrangement direction of the patterns on the first colored pattern plate 20 is parallel to the X direction as shown by the solid arrow in FIG. 15 (b), and the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are the X direction and Y. They are parallel to each other in the direction.

Therefore, in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 14, when the measurement area 2r of the structure 2 is not deformed, the line width L2 of the light-shielding lattice pattern 30L is the line of the colored lattice pattern 20L. The width is larger than the width L1, the pitch p2 of the light transmitting rectangular dot 30R is larger than the pitch p1 of the gap rectangular dot 20R, and the length a2 of one side of the light transmitting rectangular dot 30R is one side of the gap rectangular dot 20R. It is larger than the length a1 of. As a result, as shown in FIG. 14A, the first colored pattern plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 are viewed in a plan view from the Z direction through the light-shielding grid pattern 30L and the light-transmitting rectangular dots 30R. Moire is configured to be visually recognized by combining the visually recognized colored lattice pattern 20L and the gap rectangular dot 20R.

Here, FIG. 16 is a schematic top view comparing the displacement visualization sensors shown in FIGS. 1 and 14 in a state in which the measurement region of the structure is not deformed and a state in which the measurement region is extended in the X direction. Further, FIG. 17 is a schematic top view comparing the displacement visualization sensors shown in FIGS. 1 and 14 with a state in which the measurement region of the structure is not deformed and a state in which the measurement region is extended in the Y direction.

In the state where the measurement area 2r of the structure 2 is not deformed, the rectangle represented by the moire 10R is a gap rectangular dot and a light transmitting rectangle as shown in FIGS. 16A and 17A. The shape is similar to a dot. On the other hand, when the measurement region 2r of the structure 2 is extended in the X direction, the second colored pattern plate 30 and the first colored pattern plate 20 are joined, so that the first colored pattern is interlocked with this. The plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 extend in the X direction. As a result, the rectangle represented by the moire 10R becomes a shape in which the original shape is extended in the X direction as shown in FIG. 16B. Further, when the measurement region 2r of the structure 2 is extended in the Y direction, the second colored pattern plate 30 and the first colored pattern plate 20 are joined, and in conjunction with this, the first colored pattern plate 20 and the first colored pattern plate 20 and The second colored pattern plate 30 extends in the Y direction. As a result, the rectangle represented by the moire 10R has an original shape extended in the Y direction, as shown in FIG. 17B.

Subsequently, another example of the displacement visualization sensor of the second embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 8A is a schematic top view showing another example of the displacement visualization sensor of the second embodiment. FIG. 8B is a sectional view taken along line FF of FIG. 8A. FIG. 2 is a schematic top view showing an example of a measurement region of the structure to which the first colored pattern plate shown in FIG. 8 is joined. FIG. 18A is a schematic top view showing another example of the displacement visualization sensor of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 8 in a state where the measurement region of the structure is not deformed, and FIG. 18B is a schematic top view. It is an enlarged view of the I part of FIG. 18A, and FIG. 18C is a sectional view taken along line I-I of FIG. 18B.

The displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 8 and 18 visualizes the deformation of the measurement region 2r (measurement target) of the structure 2 shown in FIGS. 8 (b) and 2. The displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 8 and 18 further includes a metal frame 40 that reinforces the second colored pattern plate 30, and the second colored pattern plate 30 visualizes the deformation of the measurement region 2r of the structure 2. Except that it has a rigidity sufficient to be formed, is fixed to the fixed position 2b of the structure 2 by the adhesive layer 60 via the metal frame 40, and is separated from the first colored pattern plate 20. , Has the same configuration as the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 14. The displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 8 and 18 is installed in the measurement area 2r of the structure 2 in the same manner as the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 14.

Therefore, in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 8 and 18, in the state where the measurement area 2r of the structure 2 is not deformed, the same as the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 14. As shown in FIG. 18A, the first colored pattern plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 are visually recognized via the light-shielding lattice pattern 30L and the light-transmitting rectangular dots 30R in a plan view from the Z direction. The colored lattice pattern 20L and the gap rectangular dot 20R are combined so that the moire can be visually recognized.

Here, FIG. 19 is a schematic top view comparing the displacement visualization sensors shown in FIGS. 8 and 18 in a state where the measurement region of the structure is not deformed and a state where the deformation in the X direction is generated. Further, FIG. 20 is a schematic top view comparing the displacement visualization sensors shown in FIGS. 8 and 18 in a state where the measurement region of the structure is not deformed and a state where the deformation in the Y direction is generated.

In the state where the measurement area 2r of the structure 2 is not deformed, the rectangle represented by the moire 10R is a gap rectangular dot 20R and light transmission as shown in FIGS. 19A and 20A. The shape is similar to the rectangular dot 30R. On the other hand, when the measurement region 2r of the structure 2 is extended in the X direction, the second colored pattern plate 30 and the first colored pattern plate 20 are separated, so that the first colored pattern is interlocked with this. Only the plate 20 extends in the X direction. As a result, the rectangle represented by the moire 10R becomes a shape in which the original shape is extended in the X direction as shown in FIG. 19B. Further, when the measurement region 2r of the structure 2 is extended in the Y direction, the second colored pattern plate 30 and the first colored pattern plate 20 are separated, so that only the first colored pattern plate 20 is linked to this. Extends in the Y direction. As a result, the rectangle represented by the moire 10R becomes a shape in which the original shape is extended in the Y direction as shown in FIG. 20 (b).

As described above, according to the displacement visualization sensor of the second embodiment, when viewed in a plan view from the observer side, at least the first colored pattern plate of the first and second colored pattern plates is deformed. From the change in the moire caused by the above, it is possible to visualize the deformation of the measurement object linked with the deformation of at least the first colored pattern plate among the first and second colored pattern plates. Therefore, since the direction and size of the deformation of the measurement object appear to be enlarged in the change of the moire, the direction and size of the deformation of the measurement object can be visually visualized in an easy-to-see manner.

Hereinafter, each configuration of the displacement visualization sensor of the second embodiment will be described.

1. 1. First Colored Pattern Board The first colored pattern board is the same as the first colored pattern board described in the item of "I. First Embodiment 1. First Colored Pattern Board", and thus is described here. Is omitted.

2. 2. Second Colored Pattern Board The second colored pattern board is the same as the second colored pattern board described in the item of "I. First Embodiment 2. Second Colored Pattern Board", and thus is described here. Is omitted.

3. Displacement visualization sensor In the displacement visualization sensor of the second embodiment, the pitch of the pattern on the second colored pattern plate and the pitch of the pattern on the first colored pattern plate are different. As a result, the first and second colored pattern plates are viewed from the observer side in a plan view, and the first colored pattern and the gap pattern that are visually recognized through the second colored pattern and the light transmission pattern. It is configured so that moire can be visually recognized by combining.

The displacement visualization sensor may be, for example, one in which the first colored pattern plate has flexibility that can be deformed in conjunction with the deformation of the measurement object to which the first colored pattern plate is joined. However, it can be roughly divided into a first aspect in which the first and second colored pattern plates are joined and a second aspect in which the first and second colored pattern plates are separated.
Hereinafter, the displacement visualization sensor will be described in detail with a focus on the first aspect and the second aspect.

(1) First aspect In the displacement visualization sensor of the first aspect, the first aspect is the same as the first aspect described in the item of "I. 1st embodiment 3. Displacement visualization sensor (1) 1st aspect". And the second colored pattern plate has flexibility that can be deformed in conjunction with the deformation of the measurement object, and together with the first colored pattern plate joined to the measurement object, the first colored pattern plate The joined second colored pattern plate is deformed in conjunction with the deformation of the measurement object. Therefore, from the change in the moire caused by the deformation of the first and second colored pattern plates, the deformation of the measurement object linked with the deformation of the first and second colored pattern plates or the integrated pattern plate is caused. Visualize.

a. Pattern on the first colored pattern board and pattern on the second colored pattern board In the first aspect, the second colored pattern and the light transmission pattern on the second colored pattern board are the first colored pattern on the first colored pattern board. It is provided so as to repeat the pattern and the gap pattern according to a constant rule, and by making the pitch (p) of the pattern in the second colored pattern plate different from the pitch (p) of the pattern in the first colored pattern plate. , The moire is configured to be visible.

Here, when the pattern in the first colored pattern plate is the grid pattern in which the plurality of gap dots having the same shape and size are arranged in a fixed rule, the above "corresponding". The "constant rule" is, for example, the pattern in the second colored pattern plate is the lattice pattern in which the plurality of light transmitting dots having the same shape and size are arranged in a fixed rule and are adjacent to each other. The ratio of the pitch (p), which is the distance between the centers of gravity of the gap dots, to the pitch (p), which is the distance between the centers of gravity of the adjacent light transmitting dots, is the line width of the first coloring pattern, which is the net pattern. It means that it is the same as the ratio of the line width (L) of the second coloring pattern, which is the network pattern to (L).

Further, when the pattern in the first colored pattern plate is the polka dot-like pattern in which the plurality of gap dots having the same shape and size are arranged in a fixed rule, the above-mentioned "corresponding constant". The "rule" is, for example, a pattern in the second colored pattern plate, which is a polka dot-like pattern in which a plurality of the light transmitting dots having the same shape and size are arranged in a fixed rule and are adjacent to each other. The ratio of the pitch (p), which is the distance between the centers of the adjacent light transmitting dots, to the pitch (p), which is the distance between the centers of the gap dots, is the ratio of the diameter of the light transmitting dots to the diameter of the gap dots. Means that it is the same as.

Further, as a combination of the pattern on the first colored pattern plate and the pattern on the second colored pattern plate, it is preferable that the color of the first colored pattern and the color of the second colored pattern are different. This is because the deformation of the measurement object can be clearly visualized.

Further, when the ratio of the pattern pitch (p) in the second colored pattern plate to the pattern pitch (p) in the first colored pattern plate is larger than the pitch of the second colored pattern plate, , 1: 1.02 to 1: 1.7, especially in the range of 1: 1.05 to 1: 1.5, especially 1: 1.1 to 1: 1.4. It is preferably within the range. If the ratio of the pitch of the second colored pattern plate to the pitch of the first colored pattern plate is too small, the first colored pattern and the gap visually recognized through the second colored pattern and the light transmission pattern. This is because the moiré that is visually recognized becomes too large when the pattern is combined, and it becomes difficult to observe the shape and size of the moire. Further, if the pitch ratio is too large, the moire becomes too small and it becomes difficult to visually recognize the moire. For example, when the width in the X direction × the width in the Y direction of the first and second colored pattern plates is 100 mm × 100 mm, the pitches of the first and second colored pattern plates are 500 μm and 510 μm, 500 μm and 550 μm. , Or, when set to 500 μm and 600 μm, respectively, the least common multiple of both pitches becomes 25500 μm, 5500 μm, or 3000 μm, and the moire becomes a size that can be easily observed. On the other hand, when the pitches of the first and second colored pattern plates are set to 500 μm and 505 μm, respectively, the least common multiple of both pitches becomes 50500 μm, and the moire becomes too large, making it difficult to observe the shape and size. become. Further, when the pitches of the first and second colored pattern plates are set to 300 μm and 500 μm, respectively, the least common multiple of both pitches becomes 1500 μm, and the moire becomes too small to be visually recognized.

Further, the ratio of the pattern pitch (p) in the second colored pattern plate to the pattern pitch (p) in the first colored pattern plate is when the pitch of the second colored pattern plate is made smaller. It is preferably in the range of 1.7: 1 to 1.02: 1, especially in the range of 1.5: 1 to 1.05: 1, especially 1.4: 1 to 1. It is preferably in the range of 1: 1. This is for the same reason as in the case of increasing the pattern pitch (p) in the second colored pattern plate.

b. Method for Visualizing Deformation of Measurement Object For the visualization method for visualizing the deformation of the measurement object using the displacement visualization sensor of the first aspect, the above-mentioned "I. First Embodiment 3. Displacement visualization sensor (1) First. Since it is the same as the visualization method described in the item "Aspect b. Visualization method of deformation of measurement object", the description here is omitted.

For example, in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 14, when the first and second colored pattern plates are stretched in the X and Y directions, the rectangle represented by the moire 10R is X, respectively. Although the shape extends in the direction and the Y direction, the change content of the moire corresponding to the deformation direction and size of the first and second colored pattern plates is not limited to this example, and the first The change content of the moire corresponding to the direction and size of the deformation of the second colored pattern plate differs depending on the patterns in the first and second colored pattern plates constituting the moire.

c. Arrangement of the 1st Colored Pattern Plate and the 2nd Colored Pattern Plate Regarding the arrangement of the 1st and 2nd colored pattern plates in the displacement visualization sensor of the 1st aspect, the above-mentioned "I. 1st embodiment 3. Displacement visualization sensor (1) ) First aspect c. Arrangement of the first colored pattern plate and the second colored pattern plate ”, so that the description thereof is omitted here.

d. As the displacement visualization sensor of the first aspect of the adhesive layer, it is preferable that an adhesive layer is provided on one side of the first colored pattern plate, as in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 14. .. The reason is the same as the reason described in the item of "I. 1st embodiment 3. Displacement visualization sensor (1) 1st aspect d. Adhesive layer".

(2) In the displacement visualization sensor of the second aspect, the first and second aspects are the same as those of the second aspect described in the item of "I. 1st embodiment 3. Displacement visualization sensor (2) 2nd aspect". Since the second colored pattern plate is separated, only the first colored pattern plate joined to the measurement object among the first and second colored pattern plates is linked with the deformation of the measurement object. Deform. Therefore, from the change in the moire caused by the deformation of only the first colored pattern plate, the deformation of the measurement object linked with the deformation of only the first colored pattern plate is visualized.

a. Pattern on the first colored pattern board and pattern on the second colored pattern board In the second aspect, the second colored pattern and the light transmission pattern on the second colored pattern board are the first colored pattern on the first colored pattern board. It is provided so as to repeat the pattern and the gap pattern according to a constant rule, and by making the pitch (p) of the pattern in the second colored pattern plate different from the pitch (p) of the pattern in the first colored pattern plate. , The moire is configured to be visible.

Here, the above-mentioned "corresponding fixed rule" is referred to as the "corresponding fixed rule" described in the item of "(1) First aspect a. Pattern on the first colored pattern board and pattern on the second colored pattern board". Since they have the same contents, the description here is omitted.

Further, as a combination of the pattern on the first colored pattern plate and the pattern on the second colored pattern plate, the color of the first colored pattern and the color of the second colored pattern are the same as those of the displacement visualization sensor of the first aspect. Are different. This is for the same reason as the displacement visualization sensor of the first aspect.

Further, regarding the ratio of the pattern pitch (p) in the second colored pattern plate to the pattern pitch (p) in the first colored pattern plate, the above-mentioned "(1) first aspect a. Since the ratio is the same as that described in the item "Pattern and pattern in the second colored pattern plate", the description thereof is omitted here.

b. Method for Visualizing Deformation of Measurement Object For the visualization method for visualizing the deformation of the measurement object using the displacement visualization sensor of the second aspect, the above-mentioned "I. First Embodiment 3. Displacement visualization sensor (2) Second Since it is the same as the visualization method described in the item "Aspect b. Visualization method of deformation of measurement object", the description here is omitted.

For example, in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 8 and 18, when the first and second colored pattern plates are stretched in the X and Y directions, the rectangle represented by the moire 10R is X, respectively. Although the shape extends in the direction and the Y direction, the change content of the moire corresponding to the deformation direction and size of the first and second colored pattern plates is not limited to this example, and the first The change content of the moire corresponding to the direction and size of the deformation of the second colored pattern plate differs depending on the patterns in the first and second colored pattern plates constituting the moire.

c. Method of use The method of using the displacement visualization sensor of the second aspect is the same as the method of use described in the above item "I. First embodiment 3. Displacement visualization sensor (2) Second aspect c. Usage method". Therefore, the description here is omitted.

d. Arrangement of the first colored pattern plate and the second colored pattern plate Regarding the arrangement of the first and second colored pattern plates in the second aspect, the above-mentioned "(1) First aspect c. First colored pattern plate and second colored pattern plate". Since it is the same as the arrangement described in the item of "Arrangement of pattern plates", the description here is omitted.

e. As the displacement visualization sensor of the second aspect of the alignment pattern, the first coloring pattern plate or the second coloring pattern plate further has an alignment pattern for aligning the positions of the first coloring pattern and the second coloring pattern. Is preferable. This is because it becomes easy to align the first coloring pattern and the second coloring pattern in the second coloring pattern plate installation step in the displacement visualization method described in "B. Displacement visualization method" described later. The alignment pattern is the same as the alignment pattern described in the above item.

f. The displacement visualization sensor of the second aspect of the frame further includes a frame surrounding the outer periphery of the second colored pattern plate, as in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG. 18, and the thermal expansion of the frame and the object to be measured. It is preferable that the coefficient difference is smaller than the coefficient of thermal expansion difference between the second colored pattern plate and the measurement object. The reason is the same as the reason described in the item of "I. 1st embodiment 3. Displacement visualization sensor (2) 2nd mode f. Frame".

g. As the displacement visualization sensor of the second aspect of the adhesive layer, it is preferable that the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 8 and 18 has an adhesive layer provided on one side of the first colored pattern plate. The reason is the same as the reason described in the above item "(1) First aspect d. Adhesive layer".

(3) Others The displacement visualization sensor of the second embodiment may be another embodiment.

FIG. 21A is a schematic top view showing another example of the displacement visualization sensor of the second embodiment. 21 (b) is a schematic top view showing the first colored pattern plate shown in FIG. 21 (a), and FIG. 21 (c) is a schematic top view showing the second colored pattern plate shown in FIG. 21 (a). It is a figure. Hereinafter, the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG. 21A will be described with a configuration different from the configuration of the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG. 12A, and the effect thereof will be described.

In the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG. 21 (a), in the state where the measurement region 2r of the structure 2 is not deformed, the first 2-1 to 2-5 colored pattern regions 301 to 305 correspond to the corresponding 1-first. In each of the first to fifth display areas 101 to 105 arranged so as to overlap the 1st to 1st to 5th colored pattern regions 201 to 205, the pattern arrangement direction in the first colored pattern plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate The arrangement direction of the pattern in 30 is parallel to the X direction. On the other hand, in each of the first to fifth display areas 101 to 105, the pitch (p) which is the distance between the centers of gravity of the adjacent gap rectangular dots 20R and the pitch (p) which is the distance between the centers of gravity of the adjacent light transmitting rectangular dots 30R ( The ratio of the pitch (p), which is the distance between the centers of gravity of the adjacent light transmitting rectangular dots 30R, to the pitch (p), which is the distance between the centers of gravity of the adjacent gap rectangular dots 20R, which is different from p), is the colored lattice pattern. It is the same as the ratio of the line width L2 of the light-shielding lattice pattern 30L to the line width L1 of 20L. Further, in the first to fifth display regions 101 to 105, the pitches (p), which are the distances between the centers of gravity of the adjacent gap rectangular dots 20R, are different from each other. As a result, the resolutions of the first to fifth display regions 101 to 105 are different from each other. As a result, the first colored pattern plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 are viewed in a plan view from the Z direction, and the first to first colored pattern plates 30 are viewed in a plan view. In the 5 display areas 101 to 105, different moire patterns are visually recognized by combining the light-shielding grid pattern 30L and the colored grid pattern 20L visually recognized via the light-transmitting rectangular dots 30R.

Therefore, in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG. 21A, the rate of change of the moire due to the deformation of the first colored pattern plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 is the first to fifth display regions 101 to It will be different at 105. Specifically, the smaller the resolution of the first to fifth display areas 101 to 105, the larger the rate of change of the moire. Therefore, in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG. 21A, the deformation of the measurement region 2r of the structure 2 is caused by the change of a plurality of moire patterns having different rates of change that occur in the first to fifth display regions 101 to 105. Since it can be visualized, the deformation of the measurement area 2r of the structure 2 can be visualized in detail.

As the displacement visualization sensor of the second embodiment, as in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG. 21A, the first colored pattern plate has a plurality of first colored pattern regions, and the plurality of first colored pattern plates are present. The first colored pattern or the gap pattern is provided in the first colored pattern region so as to repeat in a dot shape in a fixed regular manner, and the second colored pattern plate has a plurality of first colored pattern plates that overlap each other with the plurality of first colored pattern regions. It has two colored pattern regions, and the second colored pattern or the light transmission pattern is provided in the plurality of second colored pattern regions so as to repeat in a dot shape in a fixed regular manner, and the first and second colored pattern plates are provided. Consists of a plurality of display areas arranged so as to overlap each of the plurality of first colored pattern areas corresponding to the plurality of second colored pattern areas, and at least a part of moire generated in the plurality of display areas is Different ones are preferred. The first and second colored pattern plates are formed by combining the second colored pattern with the first colored pattern and the gap pattern visually recognized through the light transmission pattern in the plurality of display areas. It is configured so that different moire can be seen. Therefore, different changes in the moire occur in the plurality of display areas due to the deformation of at least the first colored pattern plate among the first and second colored pattern plates, and the moire in the plurality of display areas From the different changes, the deformation of the first colored pattern plate can be visualized. This is because the deformation of the measurement object can be visualized in detail.

The displacement visualization sensor is not particularly limited as long as at least a part of the moire generated in the plurality of display areas is different, but the above-mentioned "I. First Embodiment 3. Displacement visualization sensor". As described in the item of "(3) Others", by making the resolutions of the plurality of display areas different, the shape or the shape due to the deformation of the first colored pattern plate when viewed in a plan view from the observer side. It is preferable that moire patterns having different rates of change in size are configured to be visually recognized in the plurality of display areas. Further, as described in the above item, the displacement visualization sensor is configured so that moire of different shapes can be visually recognized in the plurality of display areas when viewed in a plan view from the observer side. The one is preferable. Further, as described in the above item, the displacement visualization sensor is configured so that moire facing different directions can be visually recognized in the plurality of display areas when viewed in a plan view from the observer side. What is preferred.

Since the resolution of the display area is the same as the resolution of the display area described in the item of "I. 1st Embodiment 3. Displacement visualization sensor (3) Others", the description here is omitted.

4. Use The use of the displacement visualization sensor of the second embodiment is the same as the use described in the item of "I. First embodiment 4. Use" above, and thus the description thereof is omitted here.

5. Measurement target The measurement target for visualizing the deformation using the displacement visualization sensor of the second embodiment is the same as the measurement target described in the above item "I. First embodiment 5. Measurement target". Therefore, the description here is omitted.

6. Manufacturing Method The manufacturing method of the displacement visualization sensor of the second embodiment is the same as the manufacturing method described in the above item "I. First Embodiment 6. Manufacturing method", and thus the description thereof is omitted here.

A-2. Displacement visualization sensor The displacement visualization sensor of the present invention has a flexible colored pattern plate so that the first colored pattern or gap pattern repeats in a dot shape on one surface side of the colored pattern plate in a fixed regular manner. The second coloring pattern or the light transmission pattern is provided on the other surface side of the coloring pattern plate so as to repeat in a dot shape in a fixed regular manner, and the coloring pattern plate is provided from the observer side to the second coloring pattern. The first colored pattern and the gap pattern, which are visually recognized through the light transmission pattern, are combined so that the moire can be visually recognized, and the change of the moire changes with the deformation of the colored pattern plate. It is characterized by occurring.

The displacement visualization sensor of the present invention is configured so that the moire can be visually recognized by tilting the pattern arrangement direction on the second colored pattern plate with respect to the pattern arrangement direction on the first colored pattern plate. By making the pitch (p) of the pattern in the second colored pattern plate different from the pitch (p) of the pattern in the first colored pattern plate in the first embodiment, the moire is visually recognized. It can be roughly classified into the second embodiment. Regarding the first embodiment and the second embodiment of the present invention, the first embodiment and the second embodiment described in the above item "A-1. Displacement visualization sensor" except that the colored pattern plate is provided. Since it is the same as the embodiment, the description here is omitted.

An example of the displacement visualization sensor of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 22 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the displacement visualization sensor of the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view corresponding to the cross-sectional view showing the displacement visualization sensor shown in FIG. 3C.

The displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG. 22 is a displacement visualization sensor having a single colored pattern plate 70 in which the first colored pattern plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 shown in FIG. 3C are integrated. is there. The single colored pattern plate 70 is formed on the transparent substrate 32, the red colored layer 24 provided in a pattern on the surface of the transparent substrate 32 on the measurement region side, and the transparent substrate 32 on the observer side surface. It has a light-shielding layer 34 provided in a pattern.

The red colored layer 24 shown in FIG. 22 is provided in a grid pattern on the surface of the transparent substrate 32 on the measurement region side of the structure in a region excluding a plurality of gaps. The center of gravity of the plurality of gaps is arranged at the intersection of a plurality of virtual lines at the same interval in the horizontal direction and a plurality of virtual lines at the same interval in the vertical direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction in a plan view from the Z direction. It is provided to do so. The plurality of gaps have the same square shape whose four sides are parallel to the horizontal direction or the vertical direction. As a result, in the single colored pattern plate 70 shown in FIG. 22, as in the case of the first colored pattern plate 20 shown in FIG. 4, the gap rectangular dots 20R formed by the gaps of the squares are provided so as to repeat in a constant manner. The colored lattice pattern 20L composed of the red colored layer 24 is provided in a region other than the region of the gap rectangular dot 20R.

Further, the light-shielding layer 34 shown in FIG. 22 is provided in a grid pattern on the surface of the transparent substrate 32 on the observer side in a region excluding a plurality of gaps. The center of gravity of the plurality of gaps is arranged at the intersection of a plurality of virtual lines at the same interval in the horizontal direction and a plurality of virtual lines at the same interval in the vertical direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction in a plan view from the Z direction. It is provided to do so. The plurality of gaps have the same square shape whose four sides are parallel to the horizontal direction or the vertical direction. As a result, in the single colored pattern plate 70 shown in FIG. 22, the light transmitting rectangular dots 30R formed by the gaps of the squares are repeated in a constant manner, similarly to the second colored pattern plate 30 shown in FIG. A light-shielding grid pattern 30L composed of a light-shielding layer 34 is provided in a region other than the region of the light-transmitting rectangular dot 30R.

According to the present invention, similarly to the displacement visualization sensor described in the item of "A-1. Displacement visualization sensor", the moire caused by the deformation of the colored pattern plate when viewed in plan from the observer side. From the change of, it is possible to visualize the deformation of the measurement object linked with the deformation of the colored pattern plate. Therefore, since the direction and size of the deformation of the measurement object appear to be enlarged in the change of the moire, the direction and size of the deformation of the measurement object can be visually visualized in an easy-to-see manner. Further, when the displacement visualization sensor of the present invention is manufactured, the first colored pattern provided on one surface side of the colored pattern plate is used as an alignment mark, and the other surface side of the colored pattern plate is used. It can be formed into a second coloring pattern. As a result, it can be easily manufactured as compared with the displacement visualization sensor described in the above item "A-1. Displacement visualization sensor".

B. Displacement Visualization Method In the displacement visualization method of the present invention, a flexible first colored pattern plate provided so as to repeat a first colored pattern or a gap pattern in a dot shape in a fixed regular manner is joined to an object to be measured. After the first colored pattern plate arranging step of arranging and the first colored pattern plate arranging step, when the deformation of the measurement object is visualized, the second colored pattern or the light transmission pattern is repeated in a dot shape in a fixed regular manner. Through the second colored pattern plate arranging step of arranging the second colored pattern plate provided in the above on the first colored pattern plate so as to be on the observer side, and the second colored pattern and the light transmission pattern. It is characterized by having a displacement visualization step of observing moire generated by combining the first coloring pattern and the gap pattern to be visually recognized, and visualizing the deformation of the measurement object.

According to the present invention, the deformation can be concealed by a person other than the observer at a time other than when the deformation of the first colored pattern plate is visualized.

The first colored pattern plate used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is flexible and is provided so that the first colored pattern or the gap pattern is repeated in a dot shape in a fixed regular manner. However, for example, the first colored pattern plate described in the item of "A. Displacement visualization sensor A-1. Displacement visualization sensor I. First embodiment 1. First colored pattern plate" can be mentioned. Further, the second colored pattern plate used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is provided so that the second colored pattern or the light transmission pattern is repeated in a dot shape with a certain regular rule, but is not particularly limited. Examples thereof include the second colored pattern plate described in the item of "A. Displacement visualization sensor A-1. Displacement visualization sensor I. First embodiment 2. Second colored pattern plate". Further, as a combination of the first colored pattern plate and the second colored pattern plate used in the present invention, the pattern pitch (p) in the second colored pattern plate and the pattern pitch (p) in the first colored pattern plate are used. ), Or because the arrangement direction of the patterns on the second colored pattern plate is tilted with respect to the arrangement direction of the patterns on the first colored pattern plate, the observer side views the pattern in a plan view. Examples thereof include a combination in which the second coloring pattern, the first coloring pattern visually recognized through the light transmission pattern, and the gap pattern are combined so that moire can be visually recognized.

The first colored pattern plate arranging step is not particularly limited as long as it is a step of joining and arranging the first colored pattern plate to the measurement object, but as shown in FIG. 1, for example. Examples thereof include a step of joining the colored pattern plate 20 to the measurement region 2r of the structure 2 and arranging the colored pattern plate 20.

Further, in the second colored pattern plate arranging step, after the first colored pattern plate arranging step, when the deformation of the measurement object is visualized, the second colored pattern plate is placed on the observer side. The process is not particularly limited as long as it is a step of superimposing on the first colored pattern plate, but for example, as shown in FIG. 8, the second colored pattern plate 30 is superposed on the first colored pattern plate 20 to form a structure. Examples thereof include a step of fixing and arranging at the fixed position 2b of 2.

Further, in the displacement visualization step, the moire generated by combining the second coloring pattern, the first coloring pattern visually recognized through the light transmission pattern, and the gap pattern is observed, and the measurement target is measured. The process of visualizing the deformation of an object is not particularly limited, and as a method of observing the moire and visualizing the deformation of the object to be measured, the above-mentioned "A. Displacement visualization sensor A-1. Displacement visualization". Sensor I. First embodiment 3. Displacement visualization sensor (1) First aspect b. Visualization method of deformation of measurement object ”. The method of visualizing deformation of measurement object can be used.

C. Displacement visualization system The displacement visualization system of the present invention captures a moire that is visually recognized by combining the displacement visualization sensor, the second coloring pattern, and the first coloring pattern that is visually recognized via the light transmission pattern. It is characterized by having an imaging device for analyzing the image and an analysis device for analyzing an image captured by the imaging device.

FIG. 23 is a schematic view showing an example of the displacement visualization system of the present invention. The displacement visualization system 90 shown in FIG. 23 views the displacement visualization sensor 10 installed on the measurement object 2 and the displacement visualization sensor 10 in a plan view, and passes through the second coloring pattern and the light transmission pattern in the displacement visualization sensor 10. It has an image pickup device 92 that images a moire that is visually recognized by being combined with a first coloring pattern that is visually recognized, and an analysis device 94 that analyzes an image captured by the image pickup device 92.

According to the present invention, the direction and magnitude of deformation of the object to be measured can be visually visualized in an easy-to-see manner.

The displacement visualization sensor used in the present invention is the same as the displacement visualization sensor described in the item "A. Displacement visualization sensor A-1. Displacement visualization sensor", and thus the description thereof is omitted here.

The image pickup device is not particularly limited as long as it is a means for viewing the displacement visualization sensor in a plan view and imaging the shielding pattern and the coloring pattern visually recognized through the light transmission pattern. For example, a CCD image sensor and the like can be mentioned.

The analysis device is not particularly limited as long as it is a means for analyzing an image captured by the image pickup device, but for example, in the item of "A. Displacement visualization sensor A-1. Displacement visualization sensor". Using the displacement visualization sensor described, it may be a means for analyzing the image in order to visualize the deformation of the measurement object in the linear direction from the change of the moire caused by the deformation of the first colored pattern plate. ..

The analysis device is not particularly limited as long as it is a means for analyzing an image captured by the image pickup device, and examples thereof include a personal computer in which a dedicated program is installed.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The above embodiment is an example, and any one having substantially the same configuration as the technical idea described in the claims of the present invention and exhibiting the same effect and effect is the present invention. It is included in the technical scope of the invention.

10 ... Displacement visualization sensor, 20 ... 1st colored pattern board, 30 ... 2nd colored pattern board, 22 ... Substrate, 24 ... Red colored layer, 32 ... Transparent substrate, 34 ... Light-shielding layer

Claims (6)

A first colored pattern plate having a first colored pattern and a gap pattern, and one of the first colored pattern and the gap pattern being provided so as to repeat in a dot shape in a fixed regular manner, and a second colored pattern and a light transmission pattern. The second colored pattern plate and the second colored pattern plate are provided so that one of the second colored pattern and the light transmitting pattern repeats in a dot shape in a fixed regular manner.
The first and second colored pattern plates are arranged so as to be overlapped with each other so that the second colored pattern plate is on the observer side.
The first colored pattern plate has flexibility and
In the first and second colored pattern plates, moire can be visually recognized by combining the second colored pattern and the first colored pattern and the gap pattern that are visually recognized from the observer side through the light transmission pattern. Configured to be
A change in the moire occurs with the deformation of the first colored pattern plate,
The first and second colored pattern plates are separated and
The displacement visualization sensor according to the above description, wherein the first colored pattern plate or the second colored pattern plate further has an alignment pattern for aligning the positions of the first colored pattern and the second colored pattern. The first colored pattern plate has a plurality of first colored pattern regions.
The first colored pattern or the gap pattern is provided in the plurality of first colored pattern regions so as to repeat in a dot shape in a fixed regular manner.
The second colored pattern plate has a plurality of second colored pattern regions that overlap each other with the plurality of first colored pattern regions.
The plurality of second coloring pattern regions are provided so that the second coloring pattern or the light transmission pattern is repeated in a dot shape in a fixed regular manner.
The first and second colored pattern plates constitute a plurality of display areas arranged so as to be overlapped with each of the plurality of first colored pattern regions corresponding to the plurality of second colored pattern regions, and the plurality of display areas are formed. The displacement visualization sensor according to claim 1, wherein at least a part of the moire generated in the above is different. A first colored pattern plate having a first colored pattern and a gap pattern, and one of the first colored pattern and the gap pattern being provided so as to repeat in a dot shape in a fixed regular manner, and a second colored pattern and a light transmission pattern. The second colored pattern plate and the second colored pattern plate provided so that one of the second colored pattern and the light transmitting pattern repeats in a dot shape in a fixed regular manner.
The first and second colored pattern plates are arranged so as to be overlapped with each other so that the second colored pattern plate is on the observer side.
The first colored pattern plate has flexibility and
In the first and second colored pattern plates, moire can be visually recognized by combining the second colored pattern and the first colored pattern and the gap pattern that are visually recognized from the observer side through the light transmission pattern. Configured to be
A change in the moire occurs with the deformation of the first colored pattern plate,
The first and second colored pattern plates are separated and
It further has a frame surrounding the outer periphery of the second colored pattern plate, and the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between the frame and the object to be measured is smaller than the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between the second colored pattern plate and the object to be measured. Displacement visualization sensor characterized by that. The displacement visualization sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an adhesive layer is provided on one side of the first colored pattern plate. A displacement visualization method comprising a displacement visualization step of observing the moire and visualizing the deformation of a measurement object by using the displacement visualization sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 4 . The displacement visualization sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 4 ,
An imaging device that captures moiré that is visually recognized by combining the second coloring pattern and the first coloring pattern that is visually recognized via the light transmission pattern.
A displacement visualization system comprising an analysis device for analyzing an image captured by the image pickup device.