JP2017223517A - Displacement visualization sensor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a displacement visualization sensor that allows elapsed time change in direction and size of a measurement object to be visually and simply measured.SOLUTION: A displacement visualization sensor has: a first coloring pattern plate that has a first coloring pattern or gap pattern provided in a dot shape so as to repeat with a fixed rule; and a second coloring pattern plate that has a second coloring pattern or light transmission patter provide in the dot shape so as to repeat with the fixed pattern. The first and second coloring pattern plates are arranged overlappedly so that the second coloring pattern plate becomes on an observation side. The first coloring pattern plate has flexibility, and the first and second coloring pattern plates are configured such that the first coloring pattern and the gap pattern to be visually recognized via the second coloring pattern and light transmission pattern from the observation side are combined and thereby a Moire is visually recognized, in which a change in Moire accompanied by deformation of the first coloring pattern plate happens.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a displacement visualization sensor that visualizes deformation occurring in a measurement object in a natural structure provided with infrastructure equipment or the like, or an artificial structure such as infrastructure equipment or a high-rise building.

  In recent years, there have been frequent accidents in infrastructure facilities that are thought to be caused by aging or lack of inspection. For this reason, it is required to establish a safe and secure management system for infrastructure equipment, and in particular, establishment of inspection technology and repair technology for aging infrastructure equipment is required. As an inspection technology for aging infrastructure equipment, there is known a technology for constantly analyzing information on deformations that occur in infrastructure equipment from sensors installed in the infrastructure equipment, but such technology is expensive. Therefore, it is expected to develop a technology that can measure deformation with high accuracy at a lower cost, and can easily determine the occurrence of deformation visually. Recently, there has been a problem that high-rise buildings are inclined due to incomplete construction. Development of a technique that can measure deformation with high accuracy at a lower cost and can easily determine the occurrence of deformation is expected for deformation caused by the inclination of a high-rise building.

  As technologies that are expected to be developed, for example, Patent Document 1 describes the amount of deformation when a natural structure provided with infrastructure equipment or an artificial structure such as infrastructure equipment or a high-rise building is deformed. There has been disclosed a structural deformation detection device that displays the amount of deformation by changing the intensity and color of light visually recognized from a display window. In Patent Document 2, a pair of substrates each having a pattern region provided with a stripe pattern (line and space pattern) are arranged in parallel with a predetermined interval so that the pattern regions overlap each other. Thus, a deformation amount display device fixed to a measurement object is disclosed. In this deformation amount display device, the moire fringes generated by the interference of the patterns on both bases move by moving the pair of bases in parallel according to the amount of deformation when the measurement object is deformed. The amount of deformation can be measured from the amount.

  However, since the apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1 merely displays a relative displacement between two points in a structure as a deformation amount, it determines both the direction and the magnitude of the deformation that has occurred in the structure. It is difficult. Moreover, since the apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 2 is only a device that measures the amount of displacement of the interval between two points in the measurement object as the amount of deformation, both the direction and size of the deformation that has occurred in the structure can be determined. It is difficult to distinguish.

Japanese Patent No. 5607185 JP 2012-247229 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and the direction and size of deformation of a measurement object including a natural structure provided with infrastructure equipment or an artificial structure such as infrastructure equipment or a high-rise building. It is a main object of the present invention to provide a displacement visualization sensor capable of visualizing and visually observing the image.

  In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, a first colored pattern plate provided so that the first colored pattern or the gap pattern repeats in a regular manner in a dot shape, and the second colored pattern or the light transmission pattern is a dot. A second colored pattern plate provided so as to repeat in a regular manner, and the first and second colored pattern plates are arranged so that the second colored pattern plate is on the viewer side The first colored pattern plate has flexibility, and the first and second colored pattern plates are visually recognized from the observer side through the second colored pattern and the light transmission pattern. The moire is configured to be visually recognized by combining the first colored pattern and the gap pattern, and the change in the moire occurs with the deformation of the first colored pattern plate. Providing a displacement visualization sensors to symptoms.

  According to the present invention, the direction and size of deformation of a measurement object can be visualized easily and visually.

  Moreover, in the said invention, the thing from which the color of the said 1st coloring pattern differs from the color of the said 2nd coloring pattern is preferable. This is because the deformation of the measurement object can be clearly visualized.

  Moreover, in the said invention, the said 1st and 2nd coloring pattern board may incline the pattern arrangement direction in the said 2nd coloring pattern board with respect to the arrangement direction of the pattern in the said 1st coloring pattern board. .

  Moreover, in the said invention, the said 1st and 2nd colored pattern board may differ in the pitch of the pattern in the said 2nd colored pattern board, and the pitch of the pattern in the said 1st colored pattern board.

  Moreover, in the said invention, the said 1st and 2nd colored pattern board is joined, The said 2nd colored pattern board may have flexibility.

  Moreover, in the said invention, the said 1st and 2nd coloring pattern board may be isolate | separated.

  Moreover, in the said invention, it is preferable that the said 1st colored pattern board or the said 2nd colored pattern board further has the alignment pattern which aligns the position of the said 1st colored pattern and the said 2nd colored pattern. This is because it becomes easy to align the first colored pattern and the second colored pattern.

  In the invention, the first colored pattern plate has a plurality of first colored pattern regions, and the first colored pattern or the gap pattern is constant in a dot shape in the plurality of first colored pattern regions. The second colored pattern plate includes a plurality of second colored pattern regions that overlap with the plurality of first colored pattern regions, and the second colored pattern regions include the second colored pattern regions. Two colored patterns or the light transmissive pattern is provided in a dot-like manner so as to be repeated in a predetermined rule, and the first and second colored pattern plates are the plurality of first colored patterns to which the plurality of second colored pattern regions correspond. A plurality of display areas arranged overlapping each other, and at least a part of the moire generated in the plurality of display areas is different. It is preferred. This is because the deformation of the measurement object can be visualized in detail.

  Moreover, in the said invention, it further has a frame surrounding the outer periphery of the said 2nd colored pattern board, and the thermal expansion coefficient difference of the said frame and a measurement object is a said 2nd colored pattern board and the said measurement object. A thing smaller than a thermal expansion coefficient difference is preferable. This is because the influence of the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the measurement object and the second colored pattern plate can be suppressed.

  Furthermore, in the said invention, what is provided with the contact bonding layer on the single side | surface of the said 1st colored pattern board is preferable. This is because the influence of the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the measurement object and the first colored pattern plate can be suppressed.

  Further, in the present invention, a colored pattern plate having flexibility is provided, and the first colored pattern or the gap pattern is provided on one surface side of the colored pattern plate so as to repeat in a regular manner in a dot shape. A second colored pattern or a light transmission pattern is provided on the other surface side of the colored pattern plate so as to repeat in a regular manner in the form of dots, and the colored pattern plate is connected to the second colored pattern and the light transmission from the observer side. The moire is configured to be visually recognized by combining the first colored pattern and the gap pattern that are visually recognized through a pattern, and the moire changes as the colored pattern plate is deformed. A displacement visualization sensor is provided.

  According to the present invention, the direction and size of deformation of a measurement object can be visualized easily and can be visualized.

  In the present invention, the first colored pattern plate having flexibility so that the first colored pattern or the gap pattern repeats in a regular manner in the form of dots is arranged to be bonded to the measurement object. After the colored pattern plate arranging step and the first colored pattern plate arranging step, the second colored pattern or the light transmissive pattern is provided in a dot-like manner when the deformation of the measurement object is visualized. A second colored pattern board placement step of placing the second colored pattern board over the first colored pattern board so as to be on the viewer side, and the second colored pattern board visible through the second colored pattern and the light transmission pattern Displacement visualization step of observing moire generated by combining the first colored pattern and the gap pattern to visualize the deformation of the measurement object, Providing displacement visualization method characterized in that it comprises.

  According to the present invention, the deformation can be concealed by a person other than the observer except when the deformation of the first colored pattern plate is visualized.

  Further, in the present invention, the displacement visualization sensor, an imaging device that captures an image of moire that is visually recognized by combining the second colored pattern and the first colored pattern that is visually recognized through the light transmission pattern, and And a displacement visualization system comprising: an analysis device that analyzes an image picked up by the image pickup device.

  According to the present invention, the direction and size of deformation of a measurement object can be visualized easily and visually.

  According to the present invention, the direction and size of deformation of a measurement target of a measurement target such as a natural structure provided with an infrastructure facility or an artificial structure such as an infrastructure facility or a high-rise building are easy to see visually. A displacement visualization sensor that can be visualized can be provided.

It is the schematic which shows an example of the displacement visualization sensor of a 1st embodiment and a 2nd embodiment. It is a schematic top view which shows an example of the measurement area | region of the structure to which the 1st coloring pattern board was joined. It is the schematic which shows an example of the displacement visualization sensor of the 1st embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in the state which has not produced the deformation | transformation in the measurement area | region of a structure. It is the schematic which shows the 1st coloring pattern board shown by FIG. It is the schematic which shows the 2nd coloring pattern board shown by FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic top view comparing the displacement visualization sensor shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 in a state where no deformation occurs in the measurement region of the structure and a state where deformation in the X direction occurs. FIG. 4 is a schematic top view comparing the displacement visualization sensor shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 in a state in which no deformation occurs in the measurement region of the structure and a state in which deformation in the Y direction occurs. It is the schematic which shows the other example of the displacement visualization sensor of 1st embodiment, and the other example of the displacement visualization sensor of 2nd embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the other example of the displacement visualization sensor of the 1st embodiment shown in FIG. 8 in the state which has not produced the deformation | transformation in the measurement area | region of a structure. FIG. 10 is a schematic top view comparing the displacement visualization sensor shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 in a state where no deformation occurs in the measurement region of the structure and a state where deformation in the X direction occurs. FIG. 10 is a schematic top view comparing the displacement visualization sensor shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 in a state where no deformation occurs in the measurement region of the structure and a state where deformation in the Y direction occurs. It is a schematic top view which shows the other example of the displacement visualization sensor of 1st embodiment. It is a schematic top view which shows the other example of the displacement visualization sensor of 1st embodiment. It is the schematic which shows an example of the displacement visualization sensor of the 2nd embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in the state which the deformation | transformation has not arisen in the measurement area | region of a structure. It is a schematic top view which shows the 1st coloring pattern board and 2nd coloring pattern board which are shown by FIG. FIG. 15 is a schematic top view comparing the displacement visualization sensor shown in FIGS. 1 and 14 in a state where no deformation occurs in the measurement region of the structure and a state where deformation in the X direction occurs. FIG. 15 is a schematic top view comparing the displacement visualization sensor shown in FIGS. 1 and 14 in a state where no deformation occurs in the measurement region of the structure and a state where deformation in the Y direction occurs. It is the schematic which shows the other example of the displacement visualization sensor of the 2nd embodiment shown in FIG. 8 in the state which has not produced the deformation | transformation in the measurement area | region of a structure. FIG. 19 is a schematic top view comparing the displacement visualization sensor shown in FIGS. 8 and 18 in a state where no deformation occurs in the measurement region of the structure and a state where deformation in the X direction occurs. FIG. 19 is a schematic top view comparing the displacement visualization sensor shown in FIGS. 8 and 18 in a state where no deformation occurs in the measurement region of the structure and a state where deformation in the Y direction occurs. It is a schematic top view which shows the other example of the displacement visualization sensor of 2nd embodiment. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows an example of the displacement visualization sensor of this invention. It is the schematic which shows an example of the displacement visualization system of this invention.

  Hereinafter, the displacement visualization sensor, the displacement visualization method, and the displacement visualization system of the present invention will be described in detail.

A. Displacement Visualization Sensor The displacement visualization sensor of the present invention can be broadly classified into a displacement visualization sensor having a first colored pattern plate and a second colored pattern plate and a displacement visualization sensor having a single colored pattern plate. Hereinafter, the displacement visualization sensor of the present invention having the first colored pattern plate and the second colored pattern plate will be described in the section of “A-1. Displacement visualization sensor”, and the displacement of the present invention having a single colored pattern plate. The visualization sensor will be described in the section “A-2. Displacement visualization sensor”.

A-1. Displacement Visualization Sensor The displacement visualization sensor according to the present invention includes a first colored pattern plate provided such that the first colored pattern or the gap pattern repeats in a regular manner in a dot shape, and the second colored pattern or the light transmission pattern in a dot shape. A second colored pattern plate provided to repeat according to a certain rule, and the first and second colored pattern plates are arranged so that the second colored pattern plate is on the viewer side, The first colored pattern plate has flexibility, and the first and second colored pattern plates are visually recognized from the viewer side through the second colored pattern and the light transmission pattern. The moire pattern is configured to be visually recognized by combining the colored pattern and the gap pattern, and the change in the moire pattern is caused by the deformation of the first colored pattern plate. And features.

  The displacement visualization sensor of the present invention is configured such that the moire can be visually recognized by inclining the pattern arrangement direction on the second colored pattern plate with respect to the pattern arrangement direction on the first colored pattern plate. The moiré is visually recognized by making the pattern pitch (p) of the first embodiment and the pattern of the second colored pattern plate different from the pattern pitch (p) of the first colored pattern plate. The second embodiment can be roughly divided. Each embodiment will be described below.

  In the following description, “XY plane” means an XY plane parallel to the first colored pattern plate, and “X direction” and “Y direction” mean an X direction orthogonal to each other in the XY plane and Y direction is meant, and “Z direction” means a Z direction perpendicular to the XY plane. The “−X direction” means a direction opposite to the X direction, and the “−Y direction” means a direction opposite to the Y direction. Further, “plan view from the Z direction” means that the displacement visualization sensor is viewed from the observer side in the Z direction.

I. First Embodiment Hereinafter, the displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment will be described in detail.

  An example of the displacement visualization sensor according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1A is a schematic top view showing an example of the displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment. FIG.1 (b) is the sectional view on the AA line of Fig.1 (a). FIG. 2 is a schematic top view showing an example of a measurement region of the structure to which the first colored pattern plate shown in FIG. 1 is bonded. FIG. 3A is a schematic top view showing an example of the displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in a state where the measurement region of the structure is not deformed, and FIG. It is an enlarged view of B part of (a), and Drawing 3 (c) is a BB line sectional view of Drawing 3 (b). 4 (a) is a schematic top view showing the first colored pattern plate shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 4 (b) is an enlarged view of a portion C in FIG. 4 (a), and FIG. It is CC sectional view taken on the line of FIG.4 (b). FIG. 5 (a) is a schematic top view showing the second colored pattern plate shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 (b) is an enlarged view of a portion D in FIG. 5 (a), and FIG. It is the DD sectional view taken on the line of FIG.5 (b).

  The displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 visualizes the deformation of the measurement region 2r (measurement object) of the structure 2 shown in FIGS. 1B and 2, and the first colored pattern A plate 20 and a second colored pattern plate 30 are provided. In the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the first colored pattern plate 20 is bonded to the measurement region 2 r of the structure 2 through the adhesive layer 60. The second colored pattern plate 30 is joined to the first colored pattern plate 20 via the adhesive layer 60. The first colored pattern plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 are stacked in parallel such that the first colored pattern plate 20 is on the measurement region side of the structure and the second colored pattern plate 30 is on the viewer side. . Thereby, the displacement visualization sensor 10 is installed in the measurement region 2 r of the structure 2. Further, the first colored pattern plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 have flexibility that can be deformed in conjunction with the deformation of the measurement region 2 r of the structure 2.

  As shown in FIGS. 4A to 4C, in the first colored pattern plate 20, the red colored layer 24 is provided on the substrate 22 in a grid pattern in a region excluding a plurality of gaps. Yes. The plurality of gaps, when viewed in plan from the Z direction, are arranged at the intersections of a plurality of virtual lines with the same interval in the horizontal direction and a plurality of virtual lines with the same interval in the vertical direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction. It is provided to do. The plurality of gaps have the same square shape whose four sides are parallel to the horizontal direction or the vertical direction. Thereby, the gap rectangular dots 20R made up of the square gaps are provided so as to repeat in a regular rule, and the colored lattice pattern 20L made up of the red colored layer 24 is provided in an area other than the area of the gap rectangular dots 20R. In the colored lattice pattern 20L, the line width (L) is L1, and in the gap rectangular dot 20R, the length of one side is a1, and the pitch (p) that is the distance between adjacent centroids is p1. The arrangement direction of the patterns in the first colored pattern plate 20 is parallel to the X direction as indicated by solid arrows in FIGS. 4A and 4B, and the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are They are parallel to the X direction and the Y direction, respectively.

  As shown in FIGS. 5A to 5C, in the second colored pattern plate 30, the light shielding layer 34 is provided on the transparent substrate 32 in a grid pattern in a region excluding a plurality of gaps. Yes. The plurality of gaps are provided in the same manner as the plurality of gaps in the first colored pattern board 20 shown in FIG. 4, and have the same shape as the plurality of gaps in the first colored pattern board 20 shown in FIG. doing. As a result, the light transmission rectangular dots 30R made up of the square gaps are provided so as to repeat regularly, and the light shielding grid pattern 30L made up of the light shielding layer 34 is provided in a region other than the region of the light transmission rectangular dots 30R. In the light shielding grid pattern 30L, the line width (L) is L1, and in the light transmitting rectangular dot 30R, the length of one side is a1, and the pitch (p) that is the distance between adjacent centroids is p1. The arrangement direction of the patterns on the second colored pattern plate 30 is inclined by 3 ° with respect to the X direction as indicated by broken line arrows in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b).

  For this reason, in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, in the state where the measurement region 2 r of the structure 2 is not deformed, it is indicated by a solid line arrow and a broken line arrow in FIG. As described above, the pattern arrangement direction on the second colored pattern plate 30 is inclined by 3 ° with respect to the pattern arrangement direction on the first colored pattern plate 20. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 3A, the first colored pattern plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 are viewed through the light shielding grid pattern 30L and the light transmitting rectangular dots 30R in plan view from the Z direction. The moire can be visually recognized by combining the visually-observed colored lattice pattern 20L and the gap rectangular dots 20R.

  Here, FIG. 6 is a schematic top view comparing the displacement visualization sensor shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 between a state where the measurement region of the structure is not deformed and a state where extension in the X direction occurs. Further, FIG. 7 is a schematic top view comparing the displacement visualization sensor shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 between a state where the measurement region of the structure is not deformed and a state where elongation in the Y direction occurs.

  In a state in which the measurement region 2r of the structure 2 is not deformed, the rectangle represented by the moire 10R is the gap rectangular dot 20R and the light transmission as shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 7 (a). The shape is similar to the rectangular dot 30R. On the other hand, since the 2nd coloring pattern board 30 and the 1st coloring pattern board 20 will be joined if the expansion | extension of the X direction arises in the measurement area | region 2r of the structure 2, a 1st coloring pattern will be interlocked with this. The plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 extend in the X direction. Thereby, the rectangle represented by the moire 10R has a shape in which the original shape is extended in the Y direction as shown in FIG. Moreover, when the Y direction expansion | extension arises in the measurement area | region 2r of the structure 2, since the 2nd colored pattern board 30 and the 1st colored pattern board 20 are joined, in conjunction with this, the 1st colored pattern board 20 and The second colored pattern plate 30 extends in the Y direction. Accordingly, the rectangle represented by the moire 10R has a shape in which the original shape extends in the X direction, as shown in FIG. 7B.

  Next, another example of the displacement visualization sensor according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 8A is a schematic top view showing another example of the displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment. FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view taken along line FF in FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic top view showing an example of the measurement region of the structure to which the first colored pattern plate shown in FIG. 8 is joined. FIG. 9A is a schematic top view showing another example of the displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 8 in a state where the measurement region of the structure is not deformed, and FIG. FIG. 9A is an enlarged view of a portion G in FIG. 9A, and FIG. 9C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line GG in FIG.

  The displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 visualizes the deformation of the measurement region 2r (measurement object) of the structure 2 shown in FIG. 8B and FIG. A plate 20 and a second colored pattern plate 30 are provided. The displacement visualization sensor 10 further includes a metal frame 40 that reinforces the second colored pattern plate 30. In the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the first colored pattern plate 20 is bonded to the measurement region 2 r of the structure 2 through the adhesive layer 60. The second colored pattern plate 30 is fixed to the fixing position 2b of the structure 2 by the adhesive layer 60 via the metal frame 40, and is separated from the first colored pattern plate 20. The first colored pattern plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 are stacked in parallel such that the first colored pattern plate 20 is on the measurement region side of the structure and the second colored pattern plate 30 is on the viewer side. . Thereby, the displacement visualization sensor 10 is installed in the measurement region 2 r of the structure 2. Further, the first colored pattern plate 20 has a flexibility that can be deformed in conjunction with the deformation of the measurement region 2 r of the structure 2.

  The first colored pattern plate 20 shown in FIG. 9 has the same configuration as the first colored pattern plate 20 shown in FIG. Further, the second colored pattern plate 30 shown in FIG. 9 has the same configuration as the second colored pattern plate 30 shown in FIG.

  For this reason, in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, in the state where the measurement region 2 r of the structure 2 is not deformed, similarly to the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3. 9B, the pattern arrangement direction on the second colored pattern board 30 is inclined by 3 ° with respect to the pattern arrangement direction on the first colored pattern board 20, as indicated by solid arrows and broken line arrows in FIG. . Thereby, as shown in FIG. 9A, the first colored pattern plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 are viewed through the light shielding grid pattern 30L and the light transmitting rectangular dots 30R in plan view from the Z direction. The moire can be visually recognized by combining the visually-observed colored lattice pattern 20L and the gap rectangular dots 20R.

  Here, FIG. 10 is a schematic top view comparing the displacement visualization sensor shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 in a state in which no deformation occurs in the measurement region of the structure and a state in which the extension in the X direction occurs. Further, FIG. 11 is a schematic top view comparing the displacement visualization sensor shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 between a state in which the measurement region of the structure is not deformed and a state in which the extension in the Y direction occurs.

  In a state in which the measurement region 2r of the structure 2 is not deformed, the rectangle represented by the moire 10R has a gap rectangular dot 20R and light transmission as shown in FIGS. 10 (a) and 11 (a). The shape is similar to the rectangular dot 30R. On the other hand, when the X direction extension occurs in the measurement region 2r of the structure 2, the second colored pattern plate 30 and the first colored pattern plate 20 are separated from each other. Only the plate 20 extends in the X direction. Thereby, the rectangle represented by the moire 10R becomes a parallelogram in which the X direction side of the original shape is inclined to the -Y direction side as shown in FIG. 10B. Further, when the Y direction extends in the measurement region 2r of the structure 2, since the second colored pattern plate 30 and the first colored pattern plate 20 are separated, only the first colored pattern plate 20 is interlocked with this. Extends in the Y direction. Thereby, the rectangle represented by the moire 10R becomes a parallelogram in which the Y direction side of the original shape is inclined to the X direction side as shown in FIG.

  As described above, according to the displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment, as seen in a plan view from the observer side, the deformation of at least the first colored pattern plate of the first and second colored pattern plates is accompanied. From the change of the moire generated in this way, it is possible to visualize the deformation of the measurement object linked to the deformation of at least the first colored pattern plate of the first and second colored pattern plates. Therefore, the change and the magnitude of the deformation of the measurement object appear in the change in the moire, so that the deformation direction and the magnitude of the measurement object can be visualized easily.

  Hereinafter, each component in the displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment will be described.

1. The first colored pattern plate The first colored pattern plate is provided so that the first colored pattern or the gap pattern repeats in a regular manner in a dot shape, and the deformation of the measurement object to which the first colored pattern plate is joined It has flexibility that can be deformed in conjunction. Here, in the first embodiment, the “first colored pattern” means a colored pattern, and the “gap pattern” is not particularly limited as long as it is a pattern in an area where the first colored pattern is not provided. The pattern may be a pattern that is not colored, or may be a pattern that is colored in a different color from the first colored pattern.

(1) Pattern on the first colored pattern plate The first colored pattern plate is provided so that the first colored pattern or the gap pattern is repeated in a dot-like manner in plan view from the observer side. . Specifically, the pattern of the first colored pattern plate includes a mode in which the first colored pattern is provided in a dot shape and a mode in which the gap pattern is provided in a dot shape. In the aspect in which the first colored pattern is provided in a dot shape, the first colored pattern is a dot pattern provided so as to repeat in a regular manner in a dot shape, and the gap pattern is provided with the dot pattern. It is a mesh pattern which is a pattern of a region not formed. Further, in the aspect in which the gap pattern is provided in a dot shape, the gap pattern is a dot pattern provided so as to be repeated in a dot-like manner, and the first colored pattern is provided with the dot pattern. It is a mesh pattern that is a pattern of no area.

  Thereby, the pattern in the first colored pattern plate includes the second colored pattern and the first colored pattern and the gap pattern that are visually recognized through the light transmission pattern in plan view from the observer side. It is comprised so that a moire can be visually recognized by combining. As a result, the moire changes with the deformation of the first colored pattern plate, and the deformation of the measurement object linked to the deformation of the first colored pattern plate can be visualized from the change of the moire.

  Among the patterns of the first colored pattern plate, in the mode in which the first colored pattern is provided in the form of dots, the first colored pattern has the same shape and size as viewed in plan from the observer side. This is a dot pattern in which a plurality of first colored dots having a dot shape are arranged according to a certain rule. Moreover, in the aspect of the pattern on the first colored pattern plate, in the aspect in which the gap pattern is provided in a dot shape, the gap pattern is a dot having the same shape and size in plan view from the observer side. This is a dot pattern in which a plurality of gap dots having a shape are arranged according to a certain rule.

  Here, in the present invention, the “first colored dot” means a colored dot-shaped pattern, and the “gap dot” may be a non-colored dot-shaped pattern, and the first colored pattern is It may be a dot-shaped pattern colored in a different color. Hereinafter, the first colored dots and the gap dots may be collectively referred to as “dots”.

  The dot shape is not particularly limited as long as the plurality of dots have the same shape. For example, a rectangle (a square or a rectangle) such as the gap rectangular dot 20R shown in FIG. Examples include rhombus, triangle, circle, ellipse, and cross.

  As the pattern in the first colored pattern plate, for example, a square pattern with the dot shape such as the plurality of gap rectangular dots 20R and the colored grid pattern 20L shown in FIG. Polka dot pattern to be used.

  In the grid pattern, the fixed rule for arranging the plurality of dots having the same square shape and size in plan view from the observer side is, for example, a plurality of gaps shown in FIG. As in a certain rule for arranging the rectangular dots 20R in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, the plurality of dots having the same square shape and size are viewed in plan from the observer side, The centers of gravity are respectively arranged at the intersections of a plurality of virtual lines with the same interval and a plurality of virtual lines with the same interval in the vertical direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction, and a plurality of parallel lines are arranged in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction. There is a certain rule of arranging so as to be arranged in each square region.

  In the polka dot pattern, the fixed rule for arranging the plurality of dots having the same shape and size in a plan view from the observer side is, for example, the same shape and size. The plurality of dots having a circular shape are viewed in plan from the observer side, and a plurality of virtual lines with the same interval in the horizontal direction and a plurality of virtual lines with the same interval in the vertical direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction. There is a certain rule in which the centers are arranged at the intersections.

  When the first colored pattern plate is viewed in plan from the observer side, the second colored pattern and the first colored pattern and the gap pattern that are visually recognized through the light transmission pattern are combined to form a moire pattern. Is configured such that the dot width is the pitch of the pattern on the first colored pattern plate so that the pattern on the first colored pattern plate is visually recognized through the light transmission pattern. It is preferable to set it to 10% or more of (p). Further, the line width (L) and the pitch (p) of the mesh pattern differ depending on the size of the first colored pattern plate. For example, the width of the first colored pattern plate in the X direction × Y direction When the width is 100 mm × 100 mm, the line width (L) is preferably 45000 μm or less and the pitch (p) is preferably 50000 μm or less. Among them, the line width (L) is preferably 9000 μm or less, and the pitch (p) is preferably 10000 μm or less. In particular, the line width (L) is 90 μm or less, and the pitch (p) is 100 μm or less. It is preferable that The narrower the pitch (p), the easier it is to measure the direction and magnitude of deformation around the Z-direction axis of the measurement object from the change in moire, and the measurement of deformation around the Z-direction axis. This is because the accuracy is improved.

  Here, in the present invention, the pattern pitch in the first colored pattern plate means a width of a pattern unit that repeats in a certain rule in the pattern in the first colored pattern plate. It means the sum of the width and the line width of the mesh pattern. For example, the distance between the centroids of the adjacent dots is a pitch in a lattice pattern having a square dot shape, and the distance between the centers of the adjacent dots is a pitch in a polka dot pattern having a circular dot shape. is there.

  In particular, in the lattice pattern in which the plurality of gap dots having the same square shape and size are arranged according to the regular rule, the pitch (p) that is the distance between the centroids of the adjacent gap dots and the gap The line width (L) of the net pattern varies depending on the shape and size of the first colored pattern plate. For example, when the first colored pattern plate is a square having a side of 100 mm, the pitch (P) is preferably 50000 μm or less, and the line width (L) is preferably 45000 μm or less. Among them, the pitch (p) is preferably 10,000 μm or less, and the line width (L) is preferably 9000 μm or less, particularly the pitch (p) is 100 μm or less, and the line width (L) is 90 μm or less. It is preferable. The narrower the pitch (p), the easier it is to measure the direction and magnitude of deformation around the Z-direction axis of the measurement object from the change in moire, and the measurement of deformation around the Z-direction axis. This is because the accuracy is improved.

  In the polka dot pattern in which the plurality of the gap dots having the same shape and size are arranged in the regular rule, the pitch (p) that is the distance between the centers of the adjacent gap dots and the The diameter of the gap dots varies depending on the shape and size of the first colored pattern plate. For example, when the first colored pattern plate is a square having a side of 100 mm, the pitch (p) is It is preferably 50000 μm or less and the diameter is 45000 μm or less. Among them, the pitch (p) is preferably 10,000 μm or less, and the diameter is preferably 9000 μm or less, and the pitch (p) is preferably 100 μm or less, and the diameter is preferably 90 μm or less. The narrower the pitch (p), the easier it is to measure the direction and magnitude of deformation around the Z-direction axis of the measurement object from the change in moire, and the measurement of deformation around the Z-direction axis. This is because the accuracy is improved.

(2) First colored pattern plate As the first colored pattern plate, the first colored pattern plate is provided such that the first colored pattern or the gap pattern is repeated in a dot-like manner, and the first colored pattern plate is joined. Although it will not specifically limit if it has the flexibility which can deform | transform in conjunction with a deformation | transformation of an object, For example, it has a 1st colored layer on one side of the board | substrate and the said board | substrate, Examples include a colored layer having the first colored pattern, and a pattern in a region where the first colored layer is not provided on one surface of the substrate is the gap pattern. Hereinafter, the first colored pattern plate will be described with a focus on each configuration of the first colored pattern plate having the first colored layer on one surface of the substrate and the substrate, and the first colored layer having the colored pattern. To do.

a. Substrate The substrate is not particularly limited as long as the first colored pattern plate has the flexibility described above, and may be transparent or opaque. May be colored with an easily distinguishable color from the first colored layer described later so that the contrast with the first colored layer described later is increased. Examples of the substrate include a resin substrate.

  The resin used for such a resin substrate is not particularly limited as long as the first colored pattern plate has the flexibility. For example, acrylic resin, vinyl chloride resin -Polypropylene resin, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer resin (ABS resin), polyester resin, polycarbonate resin (PC resin), etc. can be mentioned. Among them, the resin substrate is preferably a resin having a low tensile elastic modulus (Young's modulus) and a high tensile strength. Specifically, ABS resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, etc. are preferably used. In particular, polyurethane or the like is preferably used. Since these resins are easily deformed with a small stress and are not easily broken even when a large tensile stress is applied, desired flexibility can be imparted to the first colored pattern plate.

  The thickness of the resin substrate is preferably in the range of 100 μm to 20000 μm. The thinner the resin substrate is, the lighter weight is possible, but expansion and contraction due to thermal expansion and bending of the substrate become problems, and when the resin substrate is thick, expansion and contraction due to thermal expansion and the substrate This is because the influence of bending can be reduced, but the weight increases and installation becomes difficult. Further, when the resin substrate has a rectangular shape with a length and width of 500 mm or less, the thickness of the resin substrate is preferably within a range of 300 μm to 6000 μm, and particularly within a range of 500 μm to 3000 μm. It is preferable to be within. In addition, when the resin substrate is a rectangle having a length and width of 500 mm or more, the thickness of the resin substrate is preferably in the range of 600 μm to 8000 μm, particularly in the range of 800 μm to 5000 μm. It is preferable to be within.

b. First colored layer The first colored layer is not particularly limited as long as it is provided in a pattern on the substrate, but is preferably a layer having a color that can be easily distinguished from the substrate. . This is because the first coloring pattern is conspicuously expressed.

  Examples of the first colored layer include a material in which a colorant such as a pigment or a dye is dispersed or dissolved in a binder resin, and can be formed by a photolithography method, a printing method, or the like.

  As the colorant used in the first color layer, a colorant generally used in inks used outdoors can be used. For example, as a colorant used in the red color layer, for example, a perylene pigment. Lake pigments, azo pigments, quinacridone pigments, anthraquinone pigments, anthracene pigments, isoindoline pigments, and the like. Further, for example, as a colorant used in the green colored layer, for example, a phthalocyanine pigment such as a halogen polysubstituted phthalocyanine pigment or a halogen polysubstituted copper phthalocyanine pigment, a triphenylmethane basic dye, an isoindoline pigment, an isoindoline Examples include linone pigments. Furthermore, examples of the colorant used in the blue colored layer include copper phthalocyanine pigments, anthraquinone pigments, indanthrene pigments, indophenol pigments, cyanine pigments, dioxazine pigments, and the like. Moreover, you may mix and use these colorants for the said 1st colored layer.

  Moreover, transparent resin is mentioned as binder resin used for the said 1st colored layer. When a printing method is used as the method for forming the first colored layer, examples of the binder resin include polymethyl methacrylate resin, polyacrylate resin, polycarbonate resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, polyvinyl pyrrolidone resin, hydroxyethyl cellulose resin, carboxymethyl cellulose resin, poly Examples thereof include vinyl chloride resin, melamine resin, phenol resin, alkyd resin, epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, polyester resin, maleic acid resin, and polyamide resin. In addition, when a photolithography method is used as the method for forming the first colored layer, the binder resin usually has a reactive vinyl group such as an acrylate type, a methacrylate type, a polyvinyl cinnamate type, or a cyclized rubber type. An ionizing radiation curable resin is used. Usually, an electron beam curable resin or an ultraviolet curable resin is used. When an ultraviolet curable resin is used, a photopolymerization initiator is used alone or in combination with a binder resin. When an ultraviolet curable resin is used, a sensitizer, a coatability improver, a development improver, a crosslinking agent, a polymerization inhibitor, a plasticizer, a flame retardant, and the like may be used as necessary.

  The thickness of the first colored layer is preferably in the range of 1 μm to 100 μm, more preferably in the range of 5 μm to 70 μm, and particularly preferably in the range of 10 μm to 50 μm. If the thickness is thin, the first colored pattern plate is suitable for increasing the resolution, which is the density of the first colored pattern and the gap pattern. However, if the thickness is smaller than this range, the contrast of color is low. Because it becomes. If the thickness is thick, the color contrast becomes high, but if it is thicker than this range, color blur tends to occur when viewed obliquely, so the first colored pattern is not suitable for increasing the resolution. Because it becomes. In addition, when the thickness is thin, the first colored layer is preferably formed by a photolithography method, a gravure printing method, an offset printing method, a gravure offset method, a flexographic printing method, or the like. The first colored layer is preferably formed by a screen printing method or the like.

2. Second colored pattern plate The second colored pattern plate is provided so that the second colored pattern or the light transmission pattern repeats in a dot-like pattern. Here, in the first embodiment, the “second colored pattern” means a colored pattern, and the “light transmission pattern” is a pattern in a region where the second colored pattern is not provided. It means a pattern in which the back side of the second colored pattern plate is visually recognized.

(1) Pattern in the second colored pattern plate The second colored pattern plate is provided so that the second colored pattern or the light transmissive pattern is repeated in a dot-like manner in a plan view from the observer side. Yes. Specifically, the pattern of the second colored pattern plate includes a mode in which the second colored pattern is provided in a dot shape and a mode in which the light transmission pattern is provided in a dot shape. In the aspect in which the second colored pattern is provided in a dot shape, the second colored pattern is a dot pattern provided so as to repeat in a regular manner in a dot shape, and the light transmissive pattern has the dot pattern It is a mesh pattern that is a pattern of a region that is not provided. Further, in the aspect in which the light transmission pattern is provided in a dot shape, the light transmission pattern is a dot pattern provided so as to repeat in a regular manner in a dot shape, and the second colored pattern is provided with the dot pattern. It is a mesh pattern which is a pattern of a region not formed.

  As a result, the pattern on the second colored pattern plate includes the second colored pattern and the first colored pattern and the gap pattern viewed through the light transmission pattern in plan view from the observer side. It is comprised so that a moire can be visually recognized by combining. As a result, the moire changes with the deformation of the first colored pattern plate, and the deformation of the measurement object linked to the deformation of the first colored pattern plate can be visualized from the change of the moire.

  Of the patterns of the second colored pattern plate, in the mode in which the second colored pattern is provided in a dot shape, the second colored pattern has the same shape and size as viewed from the observer side. This is a dot pattern in which a plurality of second colored dots having a dot shape are arranged according to a certain rule. Moreover, in the aspect in which the light transmission pattern is provided in a dot shape among the pattern aspects in the second colored pattern plate, the light transmission pattern has the same shape and size in plan view from the observer side. This is a dot pattern in which a plurality of light-transmitting dots having a dot shape are arranged according to a certain rule.

  Here, in the present invention, the “second colored dot” means a colored dot-shaped pattern, and the “light transmitting dot” means a dot-shaped pattern in which the back side of the second colored pattern plate is visually recognized. means. Hereinafter, the second colored dots and the light transmitting dots may be collectively referred to as “dots”.

  The dot shape is the same as the dot shape described in the item “1. First colored pattern plate (1) Pattern on the first colored pattern plate”, and the description thereof is omitted here.

  As the pattern in the second colored pattern plate, for example, a grid pattern having a square dot shape, such as a plurality of light transmitting rectangular dots 30R and a light shielding grid pattern 30L shown in FIG. And a polka dot pattern.

  In the grid pattern, the fixed rule for arranging the plurality of dots having the same square shape and size in plan view from the observer side is, for example, a plurality of lights shown in FIG. The plurality of dots that are squares having the same shape and size as in the predetermined rule for arranging the transparent rectangular dots 30R in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are viewed in a plan view from the observer side in the horizontal direction. Are arranged at the intersection of a plurality of virtual lines with the same interval and a plurality of virtual lines with the same interval in the vertical direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction, and a plurality of four sides are parallel to the horizontal direction or the vertical direction. There is a certain rule of arranging them so as to be arranged in each square area.

  In the polka dot pattern, the fixed rule for arranging the plurality of dots having the same shape and size in a plan view from the observer side is, for example, the same shape and size. The plurality of dots having a circular shape are viewed in plan from the observer side, and a plurality of virtual lines with the same interval in the horizontal direction and a plurality of virtual lines with the same interval in the vertical direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction. There is a certain rule in which the centers are arranged at the intersections.

  In the second colored pattern plate, the dot width described in the item “1. First colored pattern plate (1) Pattern in the first colored pattern plate” is set to the pitch (p of the pattern in the first colored pattern plate). The width of the dots is preferably 10% or more of the pitch (p) of the pattern in the second colored pattern plate. The line width (L) and the pitch (p) of the mesh pattern are preferably in the same ranges as the line width (L) and the pitch (p) of the mesh pattern described in the above item. This is because of the same reason as described above.

  Here, in the present invention, the pattern pitch in the second colored pattern plate means a width of a pattern unit repeated in a certain rule in the pattern in the second colored pattern plate. It means the sum of the width and the line width of the mesh pattern. For example, the distance between the centroids of the adjacent dots is a pitch in a lattice pattern having a square dot shape, and the distance between the centers of the adjacent dots is a pitch in a polka dot pattern having a circular dot shape. is there.

  In particular, in the lattice pattern in which the plurality of light transmitting dots having the same square shape and size are arranged according to the predetermined rule, the pitch (p) that is the distance between the centers of gravity of the adjacent light transmitting dots The line width (L) of the mesh pattern is a pitch that is a distance between the centers of gravity of the adjacent gap dots described in the item “1. First colored pattern plate (1) Pattern on the first colored pattern plate”. (P) and the line width (L) of the mesh pattern are preferably in the same range. This is because of the same reason as described above.

  Further, in the polka dot pattern in which the plurality of light transmissive dots having the same shape and size are arranged in the regular rule, the pitch (p) that is the distance between the centers of the adjacent light transmissive dots The diameter of the light transmitting dots is a pitch (p) which is a distance between the centers of the adjacent gap dots described in the item “1. First colored pattern plate (1) Pattern on the first colored pattern plate”. It is preferable that the diameter of the gap dot is within the same range. This is because of the same reason as described above.

(2) Second colored pattern plate The second colored pattern plate is not particularly limited as long as the second colored pattern plate or the light transmissive pattern is provided in a dot-like manner so as to repeat in a certain rule. When the displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment is the first embodiment in which the first and second colored pattern plates described in the item “3. Displacement visualization sensor” described later are joined, the measurement object The first and second colored pattern plates described in the item “3. Displacement Visualization Sensor”, which will be described later, is a displacement visualization sensor according to the first embodiment. When the second aspect is separated, it is preferable to have such a rigidity that the deformation of the measurement object can be visualized. Hereinafter, the second colored pattern plate having flexibility and the second colored pattern plate having rigidity will be described.

(2-1) Second colored pattern plate having flexibility As the second colored pattern plate having flexibility, for example, a transparent substrate and a second colored layer on one surface of the transparent substrate, The said 2nd colored layer has the said 2nd colored pattern, and the pattern of the area | region where the 2nd colored layer in one side of the said transparent substrate is not provided is the said light transmissive pattern. Hereinafter, the flexible second colored pattern plate will be described focusing on the respective configurations of the transparent substrate and the second colored pattern plate having the second colored layer on one surface of the transparent substrate.

a. Transparent substrate The transparent substrate is transparent enough to allow the first colored pattern and the gap pattern to be visually recognized through the transparent substrate, and can be deformed in conjunction with the deformation of the measurement object. Although it will not specifically limit if it has flexibility, For example, resin-made transparent substrates etc. are mentioned. In addition, the transparency of the transparent substrate is not particularly limited as long as the colored layer is visible through the transparent substrate, but the total light transmittance is preferably 80% or more, More preferably, it is 90% or more. Here, the total light transmittance of the transparent substrate can be measured by JIS K7361-1 (a test method for the total light transmittance of plastic-transparent material).

  The resin used for such a resin transparent substrate is not particularly limited as long as the second colored pattern plate has the flexibility described above. For example, acrylic resin, vinyl chloride Examples thereof include resin / polypropylene resin, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer resin (ABS resin), polyester resin, and polycarbonate resin (PC resin). Among them, the resin transparent substrate is preferably a resin having a low tensile elastic modulus (Young's modulus) and a high tensile strength. Specifically, ABS resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, etc. are preferably used. In particular, polyurethane and the like are preferably used. Since these resins are easily deformed with a small stress and are not easily broken even when a large tensile stress is applied, desired flexibility can be imparted to the second colored pattern plate.

  The thickness of the resin transparent substrate is preferably in the range of 100 μm to 20000 μm. The thinner the transparent substrate made of resin, the lighter it becomes possible, but the expansion and contraction due to thermal expansion and the bending of the substrate become problems, and when the transparent substrate made of resin is thick, the expansion and contraction due to thermal expansion This is because the influence of the bending of the substrate can be reduced, but the weight increases and the installation becomes difficult. Moreover, when the said resin transparent substrate is a rectangle whose length and width are 500 mm or less, as thickness of the said resin transparent substrate, it is preferable to be in the range of 300 μm to 6000 μm, especially 500 μm to 3000 μm. It is preferable to be within the range. When the resin transparent substrate has a rectangular shape with a length and width of 500 mm or more, the thickness of the resin transparent substrate is preferably in the range of 600 μm to 8000 μm, particularly 800 μm to 5000 μm. It is preferable to be within the range.

b. Second colored layer The second colored layer is not particularly limited as long as it is provided on one surface of the transparent substrate, but the first colored pattern visually recognized through the transparent substrate. It is preferable that the layer is a color layer that can be easily distinguished from the gap pattern. This is because the second colored pattern is conspicuously expressed.

  Examples of the second colored layer include a material in which a colorant such as a pigment or a dye is dispersed or dissolved in a binder resin, and can be formed by a photolithography method, a printing method, or the like. In addition, examples of the second colored layer include those obtained by forming a metal thin film such as chromium by sputtering, vacuum deposition, or the like, and patterning the thin film.

  The colorant used for the second colored layer is used for the first colored layer described in the item “1. First colored pattern plate (2) First colored pattern plate b. First colored layer”. In addition to the same colorant as the colorant, a black colorant can be used. Description of the colorant similar to the colorant used in the first colored layer is omitted here. Examples of the black colorant include titanium pigments such as titanium nitride, titanium oxide, and titanium oxynitride, and carbon black. Moreover, about binder resin used for the said 2nd colored layer, the said 1st colored layer as described in the item of said "1. 1st colored pattern board (2) 1st colored pattern board b. 1st colored layer" is mentioned. Since it is the same as the binder resin used, description here is abbreviate | omitted.

  When the second colored layer is obtained by dispersing or dissolving a colorant in a binder resin, the thickness of the second colored layer is described in “1. First colored pattern plate (2) First colored”. Since it is the same as the thickness of the 1st colored layer as described in the item of "pattern board b. 1st colored layer", description here is abbreviate | omitted. In the case where the second colored layer is a metal thin film such as chromium, for example, the second colored layer is chromium having an atomic percentage of chromium of 60% or more, oxygen, oxygen and nitrogen, oxygen and carbon, oxygen and nitrogen, and the like. In the case of consisting of one set selected from carbon, the thickness of the second colored layer is preferably in the range of 100 nm to 5000 nm, particularly in the range of 300 nm to 2000 nm, particularly in the range of 500 nm to 1000 nm. It is preferable to be within. This is because if it is thinner than this range, sufficient light shielding properties cannot be secured. Also, if it is thicker than this range, it takes time to form a film.

(2-2) Rigid Second Colored Pattern Plate As the second colored pattern plate having rigidity, for example, a transparent substrate and a second colored layer on one surface of the transparent substrate have the second colored layer. Examples include a layer having the second colored pattern, and a pattern in a region where the second colored layer is not provided on one surface of the transparent substrate is the light transmission pattern. Hereinafter, the second colored pattern plate having the rigidity will be described focusing on the respective configurations of the transparent substrate and the second colored pattern plate having the second colored layer on one surface of the transparent substrate.

a. Transparent substrate As the transparent substrate, the first colored pattern and the gap pattern are transparent enough to be visually recognized through the transparent substrate, and the deformation of the measurement object can be visualized. Although it will not specifically limit if it has rigidity, For example, a resin-made transparent substrate, a glass-made transparent substrate, etc. are mentioned. The transparency of the transparent substrate is the same as the transparency described above.

(A) Resin-made transparent substrate When a resin-made transparent substrate is used as the transparent substrate, it is excellent in impact resistance, etc., so that the measurement object is a slope or a high-rise building. Even if it exists, visualization of a deformation | transformation is enabled, without producing problems, such as a crack and a crack.

Examples of the resin used for the resin-made transparent substrate include acrylic resin, vinyl chloride resin / polypropylene resin, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer resin (ABS resin), polyester resin, and polycarbonate resin (PC resin). be able to.
In the present invention, polycarbonate resin is particularly preferable. This is because it has advantages such as high impact resistance, heat resistance, and high Young's modulus, making it difficult for stress deformation.

  The thickness of the resin transparent substrate is preferably in the range of 100 μm to 20000 μm. The thinner the transparent substrate made of resin, the lighter it becomes possible, but the expansion and contraction due to thermal expansion and the bending of the substrate become problems, and when the transparent substrate made of resin is thick, the expansion and contraction due to thermal expansion This is because the influence of the bending of the substrate can be reduced, but the weight increases and the installation becomes difficult. Moreover, when the said resin transparent substrate is a rectangle whose length and width are 500 mm or less, as thickness of the said resin transparent substrate, it is preferable to be in the range of 300 μm to 6000 μm, especially 500 μm to 3000 μm. It is preferable to be within the range. When the resin transparent substrate has a rectangular shape with a length and width of 500 mm or more, the thickness of the resin transparent substrate is preferably in the range of 600 μm to 8000 μm, particularly 800 μm to 5000 μm. It is preferable to be within the range.

(B) Transparent glass substrate When a transparent glass substrate is used as the transparent substrate, the thermal expansion coefficient is low, so that it is difficult to be thermally deformed, and because the Young's modulus (tensile elastic modulus) is high, it is difficult to deform the stress. By making the sensitivity of the visualization sensor high, it is possible to reliably visualize even small deformations that occur in measurement objects such as iron artificial structures such as bridges, tunnels, trains, ships, airplanes, etc. Because it can be done.

  Examples of the glass transparent substrate include alkali-free glass, soda lime glass, thin plate tempered glass, low reflection glass, and low thermal expansion glass.

  The thickness of the glass substrate is preferably in the range of 100 μm to 20000 μm. This is because the thinner the glass substrate is, the lighter the weight is. However, if the thickness is smaller than this range, the problem is that the substrate is bent and the physical strength is weak. Further, if the thickness of the glass substrate is thick, the influence of the substrate bending and physical strength can be reduced, but if it is thicker than this range, the weight becomes heavy and the installation becomes difficult. Further, when the first colored pattern plate and the second colored pattern plate are arranged so that the surface on the first colored pattern side and the surface opposite to the second colored pattern side are opposed to each other This is because, when the glass transparent substrate having a thickness larger than this range is used between the first colored layer and the second colored layer, color blur occurs when viewed obliquely. In addition, when the glass substrate has a rectangular shape with a length and width of 500 mm or less, the thickness of the glass substrate is particularly within a range of 300 μm to 6000 μm, particularly within a range of 500 μm to 3000 μm. preferable. When the glass substrate is a rectangle having a length and width of 500 mm or more, the thickness of the glass substrate may be in the range of 600 μm to 8000 μm, particularly in the range of 800 μm to 5000 μm. preferable.

b. Second colored layer The second colored layer is the same as the second colored layer described in the item “(2-1) Flexible second colored pattern plate b. Second colored layer”. Explanation here is omitted.

3. Displacement Visualization Sensor In the displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment, the pattern arrangement direction on the second colored pattern plate is inclined with respect to the pattern arrangement direction on the first colored pattern plate. As a result, the first and second colored pattern plates are viewed in plan from the observer side, and the first colored pattern and the gap pattern visually recognized through the second colored pattern and the light transmission pattern. It is configured so that moire can be visually recognized.

  Here, in the present invention, the pattern arrangement direction in the first colored pattern plate means a direction in which pattern units repeat in the pattern in the first colored pattern plate. The pattern arrangement direction in the second colored pattern plate means a direction in which pattern units repeat in the pattern in the second colored pattern plate.

As the displacement visualization sensor, for example, the first colored pattern plate may have any flexibility that can be deformed in conjunction with the deformation of the measurement object to which the first colored pattern plate is bonded. However, it can be roughly divided into a first mode in which the first and second colored pattern plates are joined and a second mode in which the first and second colored pattern plates are separated.
Hereinafter, the displacement visualization sensor will be described in detail focusing on the first aspect and the second aspect.

(1) First Aspect In the displacement visualization sensor according to the first aspect, the first and second colored pattern plates have flexibility that can be deformed in conjunction with the deformation of the measurement object, and the measurement object. The second colored pattern plate joined to the first colored pattern plate is deformed in conjunction with the deformation of the measurement object together with the first colored pattern plate joined to the first. Therefore, the deformation of the measurement object linked to the deformation of the first and second colored pattern plates is visualized from the change in the moire generated with the deformation of the first and second colored pattern plates.

a. Pattern on the first colored pattern plate and pattern on the second colored pattern plate In the first aspect, the second colored pattern and the light transmission pattern on the second colored pattern plate are the first colored on the first colored pattern plate. The moire pattern is provided so as to be repeated with the same constant rule as the pattern and the gap pattern, and the moire is formed by tilting the pattern arrangement direction on the second colored pattern plate with respect to the pattern arrangement direction on the first colored pattern plate It is comprised so that it may be visually recognized.

  Here, when the pattern on the first colored pattern plate is the grid pattern in which the plurality of gap dots having the same shape and size are the same square and arranged in a regular rule, The `` certain rule '' means, for example, that the pattern on the second colored pattern plate is the same square as the plurality of the gap dots in the shape and size, and the plurality of light transmission dots are the plurality of the gap dots. A pitch (p) that is a distance between the centers of gravity of adjacent gap dots and a line width (L) of the first colored pattern that is the mesh pattern, which are the lattice-like patterns arranged in the same constant rule, The pitch (p), which is the distance between the centers of gravity of the light transmitting dots, and the line width (L) of the second colored pattern, which is the mesh pattern, are the same. It means the door.

  Further, when the pattern on the first colored pattern plate is the polka dot pattern in which the plurality of gap dots having the same shape and size are the same circle, the “same constant” is used. The rule is that the pattern on the second colored pattern plate has the same shape and size as the plurality of gap dots, and the plurality of light transmission dots are the same as the plurality of gap dots. A pitch (p) that is the distance between the centers of the adjacent gap dots and the diameter of the gap dots are the distances between the centers of the adjacent light transmitting dots. It means that the pitch (p) and the diameter of the light transmitting dot are the same.

  Moreover, as a combination of the pattern in the said 1st colored pattern board and the pattern in the said 2nd colored pattern board, the thing from which the color of the said 1st colored pattern differs from the color of the said 2nd colored pattern is preferable. This is because the deformation of the measurement object can be clearly visualized.

  Further, in the displacement visualization sensor, when the width of a region where the first colored pattern and the second colored pattern overlap and the moire is displayed is A in a plan view from the observer side, the moire is generated. It is preferable that the width A of the displayed area and the pitch P of the moire in the initial state where the measurement object is not deformed are in a range satisfying the following expression (1). Especially, it is preferable to set it as the range which satisfies following formula (1-2), and it is preferable to set it as the range which satisfies the following formula (1-3) especially.

  In the line and space pattern and the dot pattern, the pitch (p) of these patterns, the pitch P of the moire, and the arrangement direction of the patterns in the second colored pattern plate in the first aspect are the first colored pattern. The relationship of the following formula (2) is established between the angles α ° inclined with respect to the pattern arrangement direction on the plate. Therefore, the angle α ° for inclining the pattern arrangement direction in the second colored pattern plate with respect to the pattern arrangement direction in the first colored pattern plate is a range satisfying the above formula (1) and the following formula (2). It is preferable to make it. . Among these, it is preferable to make the range satisfying the above formula (1-2) and the following formula (2), and in particular to make the range satisfying the above formula (1-3) and the following formula (2). preferable.

b. Method for Visualizing Deformation of Measurement Object In the displacement visualization sensor according to the first aspect, the first colored pattern and the above-mentioned first colored pattern that are viewed through the second colored pattern and the light transmission pattern in plan view from the observer side. A change in the moire visually recognized by combining with the gap pattern is generated along with the deformation of the first and second colored pattern plates, and the deformation of the measurement object is visualized from the change in the moire.

In the visualization method for visualizing the deformation of the measurement object using the displacement visualization sensor, the deformation direction and size of the first and second colored pattern plates corresponding to the change in the moire are recorded in advance. I can leave. And when visualizing the deformation of the measurement object using the displacement visualization sensor, the change recorded in advance from the change in the moire generated with the deformation of the first and second colored pattern plates. The direction and magnitude of deformation of the measurement object can be visualized by referring to the direction and magnitude of deformation of the first and second colored pattern plates corresponding to the change in moire.
For example, in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, when the first and second colored pattern plates are elongated in the X direction and the Y direction, the rectangle represented by the moire 10R is Y Although the shape extends in the direction and the X direction, the change in the moire corresponding to the direction and size of deformation of the first and second colored pattern plates is not limited to this example. The change content of the moire corresponding to the direction and magnitude of deformation of the second colored pattern plate differs depending on the patterns in the first and second colored pattern plates constituting the moire.

c. Arrangement of the first colored pattern plate and the second colored pattern plate The arrangement of the first and second colored pattern plates in the displacement visualization sensor of the first aspect is not particularly limited. For example, the first colored pattern plate The plate and the second colored pattern plate may be arranged so that the surface on the first colored pattern side and the surface on the second colored pattern side face each other, and the surface on the first colored pattern side and the first colored pattern plate You may arrange | position so that the surface on the opposite side to a 2 colored pattern may be opposed.

d. Adhesive Layer As the displacement visualization sensor of the first aspect, an adhesive layer is preferably provided on one side of the first colored pattern plate as in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3. One side of the first colored pattern plate can be bonded to the measurement object via the adhesive layer. For this reason, when the measurement object whose deformation visualization sensor visualizes deformation thermally expands, the first colored pattern plate in the displacement visualization sensor is bonded to the measurement object through the adhesive layer on one side. Therefore, it follows the measurement object and expands. For this reason, when visualizing deformation of the measurement object using the displacement visualization sensor, it is possible to suppress the influence of the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the measurement object and the first colored pattern plate. is there.

(2) Second Aspect In the displacement visualization sensor of the second aspect, since the first and second colored pattern plates are separated, they are joined to the measurement object of the first and second colored pattern plates. Only the first colored pattern plate is deformed in conjunction with the deformation of the measurement object. Therefore, the deformation of the measurement object interlocked with the deformation of only the first colored pattern plate is visualized from the change of the moire caused by the deformation of only the first colored pattern plate.

  Here, in the present invention, “the first and second colored pattern plates are separated” means that the first and second colored pattern plates are temporarily joined before the deformation of the measurement object. Also, when the measurement object is deformed, only the first colored pattern plate of the first and second colored pattern plates is deformed in conjunction with the deformation of the measurement object. This means that the plate is separated from the second colored pattern plate.

a. Pattern in the first colored pattern plate and pattern in the second colored pattern plate Also in the second aspect, the second colored pattern and the light transmission pattern in the second colored pattern plate are the first colored in the second aspect. It is provided so as to be repeated with the same constant rule as the first colored pattern and the gap pattern on the pattern plate, and the pattern arrangement direction on the second colored pattern plate is relative to the pattern arrangement direction on the first colored pattern plate. By tilting, the moire is visible.

  Here, the “same constant rule” is the same as the “same constant rule” described in the item “(1) First aspect a. Pattern on the first colored pattern plate and pattern on the second colored pattern plate”. Since the same content is meant, explanation here is omitted.

  Moreover, as a combination of the pattern in the first colored pattern plate and the pattern in the second colored pattern plate, the color of the first colored pattern and the color of the second colored pattern are the same as the displacement visualization sensor of the first aspect. Are different. For the same reason.

  Further, in the displacement visualization sensor, when the width of a region where the first colored pattern and the second colored pattern overlap and the moire is displayed is A in a plan view from the observer side, the moire is generated. The width A of the displayed area and the pitch P of the moire in the initial state where the measurement object is not deformed are the above-mentioned “(1) First mode a. Pattern on the first colored pattern plate and second colored pattern” It is preferable that the width A of the area where the moire is displayed and the pitch P of the moire described in the item “Pattern on the plate” are within the same range. In addition, the angle α ° for inclining the pattern arrangement direction in the second colored pattern plate with respect to the pattern arrangement direction in the first colored pattern plate is determined by the above-mentioned “(1) First aspect a. The angle is preferably in the same range as the angle α ° described in the item “Pattern and Pattern on Second Colored Pattern Plate”.

b. Method for Visualizing Deformation of Measurement Object In the displacement visualization sensor of the second aspect, the first colored pattern and the above-mentioned first colored pattern that are viewed through the second colored pattern and the light transmission pattern in plan view from the observer side A change in the moire visually recognized by combining with the gap pattern is caused by the deformation of only the first colored pattern plate, and the deformation of the measurement object is visualized from the change in the moire.

In the visualization method for visualizing the deformation of the measurement object using the displacement visualization sensor, the deformation direction and size of the first colored pattern plate corresponding to the change in the moire are recorded in advance. Then, when visualizing the deformation of the measurement object using the displacement visualization sensor, the change in the moire recorded in advance is obtained from the change in the moire caused by the deformation of the first colored pattern plate. The direction and size of deformation of the measurement object are visualized by referring to the direction and size of deformation of the first colored pattern plate corresponding to the contents.
For example, in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, when the first colored pattern plate is elongated in the X direction or the Y direction, the rectangle represented by the moire 10R becomes a parallelogram. However, the change content of the moire corresponding to the direction and magnitude of deformation of the first colored pattern plate is not limited to this example, and corresponds to the direction and magnitude of deformation of the first colored pattern plate. The change content of the moire differs depending on the patterns in the first colored pattern plate and the second colored pattern plate constituting the moire.

c. Method of Use In the second aspect, as a method of using the displacement visualization sensor of the second aspect, the second colored pattern plate is joined to the measurement object except when the deformation of the measurement object is visualized. A method of observing a change in the moire by arranging the second colored pattern plate so as to be superimposed on the first colored pattern plate only when the deformation of the measurement object is visualized without being arranged superimposed on the one colored pattern plate. May be used. According to this method, the deformation of the measurement object is visualized in the same manner as the method in which the second colored pattern plate is placed on the first colored pattern plate even when the deformation of the measurement object is not visualized. This is because the deformation of the measurement object can be concealed by other than the observer.

d. Arrangement of first colored pattern plate and second colored pattern plate Regarding the arrangement of the first colored pattern plate and the first colored pattern plate in the displacement visualization sensor of the second mode, the above-mentioned “(1) First mode c. Since the arrangement is the same as the arrangement described in the item “Arrangement of the second colored pattern plate”, the description thereof is omitted here.

e. Positioning pattern As the displacement visualization sensor of the second aspect, the first colored pattern plate or the second colored pattern plate further has a positioning pattern for aligning the positions of the first colored pattern and the second colored pattern. Is preferred. This is because it becomes easy to align the first colored pattern and the second colored pattern in the second colored pattern plate installation step in the displacement visualizing method described in “B. Displacement Visualizing Method” described later.

  The alignment pattern may be a pattern provided on one of the first colored pattern plate and the second colored pattern plate, but is provided on both the first colored pattern plate and the second colored pattern plate. The pattern is preferred. By aligning the alignment pattern of the first colored pattern plate and the alignment pattern of the second colored pattern plate, the positions of the first colored pattern plate and the second colored pattern plate can be easily aligned. Because.

f. Frame The displacement visualization sensor of the second aspect further includes a frame surrounding the outer periphery of the second colored pattern plate, like the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG. 8, and the thermal expansion between the frame and the measurement object. It is preferable that the difference in rate is smaller than the difference in coefficient of thermal expansion between the second colored pattern plate and the measurement object. When the measurement object whose displacement visualization sensor visualizes deformation thermally expands, the second colored pattern plate in the displacement visualization sensor is surrounded by a frame whose thermal expansion coefficient is close to that of the measurement object. It will follow the measurement object and expand. For this reason, when visualizing the deformation of the measurement object using the displacement visualization sensor, it is possible to suppress the influence of the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the measurement object and the second colored pattern plate. is there.

g. Adhesive Layer As the displacement visualization sensor of the second aspect, it is preferable that an adhesive layer is provided on one side of the first colored pattern plate as in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. This is because of the same reason as described in the item “(1) First aspect d. Adhesive layer”.

(3) Others The displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment may be another embodiment.

  FIG. 12A is a schematic top view showing another example of the displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment. 12 (b) is a schematic top view showing the first colored pattern plate shown in FIG. 12 (a), and FIG. 12 (c) is a schematic top view showing the second colored pattern plate shown in FIG. 12 (a). FIG.

  The displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG. 12A is similar to the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 in the measurement region 2r (measurement) of the structure 2 shown in FIGS. 1B and 2. The deformation of the object is visualized, and includes a first colored pattern plate 20 shown in FIG. 12B and a second colored pattern plate 30 shown in FIG. In the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG. 12A, the first colored pattern plate 20 has the above-described structure via an adhesive layer (not shown) as in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. It is joined to the object measurement region 2r. The second colored pattern plate 30 is joined to the first colored pattern plate 20 via an adhesive layer (not shown). The 1st coloring pattern board 20 and the 2nd coloring pattern board 30 are laminated | stacked in parallel so that the 1st coloring pattern board 20 may become a measurement object side, and the 2nd coloring pattern board 30 may become an observer side. Thereby, the displacement visualization sensor 10 is installed in the measurement region 2 r of the structure 2. Further, the first colored pattern plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 have flexibility that can be deformed in conjunction with the deformation of the measurement region 2 r of the structure 2.

  The 1st coloring pattern board 20 shown by FIG.12 (b) has the 1-1st-1-5th coloring pattern area | regions 201-205. Each of the 1-1 to 1-5 colored pattern regions 201 to 205 has a plurality of gaps similar to the plurality of gap rectangular dots 20R and the colored lattice pattern 20L in the first colored pattern plate 20 shown in FIG. As a result of having the rectangular dots 20R and the colored grid pattern 20L, the pitch (p), which is the distance between the centroids of the adjacent gap rectangular dots 20R in the 1-1 to 1-5 colored pattern regions 201 to 205, is different. The resolutions of the 1-1 to 1-5 colored pattern regions 201 to 205 are different.

  Moreover, the 2nd colored pattern board 30 shown by FIG.12 (c) has the 2-1st-2nd 5-5 colored pattern area | regions 301-305. Each of the 2-1 to 2-5 colored pattern regions 301 to 305 has a plurality of light transmission similar to the plurality of light transmitting rectangular dots 30R and the light shielding grid pattern 30L in the second colored pattern plate 30 shown in FIG. The pitch (p), which is the distance between the centers of gravity of the adjacent light transmitting rectangular dots 30R in the 2-1 to 2-5 colored pattern regions 301 to 305, has the rectangular dots 30R and the light shielding grid pattern 30L, is the first. As a result of being the same as the pitch (p) which is the distance between the centroids of the adjacent gap rectangular dots 20R in the -1 to 1-5 colored pattern regions 201 to 205, the 2-1 to 2-5 coloring The resolutions of the pattern areas 301 to 305 are different.

  For this reason, in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG. 12A, in the state where the measurement region 2r of the structure 2 is not deformed, the 2-1 to 2-5 colored pattern regions 301 to 305 are provided. The first to fifth display areas 101 to 105 arranged so as to overlap the corresponding first to first to first 5-5 colored pattern areas 201 to 205 are arranged in the second colored pattern plate 30 in the first pattern arrangement direction. The one colored pattern plate 20 is inclined at the same angle with respect to the pattern arrangement direction, and the resolution is different from each other. Thereby, the 1st coloring pattern board 20 and the 2nd coloring pattern board 30 planarly view from the Z direction, in the 1st-5th display area 101-105, via light shielding lattice pattern 30L and light transmission rectangular dot 30R. When the colored lattice pattern 20L and the gap rectangular dots 20R that are visually recognized are combined, different moire is visually recognized.

  For this reason, in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG. 12A, the change rate of the moire accompanying the deformation of the first colored pattern plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 is the first to fifth display regions 101 to 101. In 105, it becomes different. Specifically, the change rate of the moire increases as the display area becomes smaller in the first to fifth display areas 101 to 105. Therefore, in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG. 12A, the measurement region 2r of the structure 2 is deformed from a plurality of moire changes having different rates of change that occur in the first to fifth display regions 101 to 105, respectively. Since it can be visualized, the deformation of the measurement region 2r of the structure 2 can be visualized in detail.

  As the displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment, as in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG. 12A, the first colored pattern plate has a plurality of first colored pattern regions, and the plurality of first colored patterns In the one colored pattern region, the first colored pattern or the gap pattern is provided in a dot-like manner so as to be repeated regularly, and the second colored pattern plate has a plurality of first colored patterns that overlap the plurality of first colored pattern regions, respectively. The first and second colored pattern plates have two colored pattern regions, and the plurality of second colored pattern regions are provided such that the second colored pattern or the light transmission pattern is repeated in a dot-like manner at a certain rule. Constitutes a plurality of display areas arranged to overlap with the plurality of first colored pattern areas corresponding to the plurality of second colored pattern areas, respectively. Which at least partially are different among the moire caused by the plurality of display areas are preferred. The first and second colored pattern plates are formed by combining the second colored pattern and the first colored pattern and the gap pattern visually recognized through the light transmission pattern in the plurality of display areas. Different moire is configured to be visually recognized. For this reason, a different change of the moire occurs in the plurality of display areas in accordance with the deformation of at least the first color pattern board of the first and second color pattern boards, and the moire of the plurality of display areas is changed. The deformation of the first colored pattern plate can be visualized from different changes. This is because the deformation of the measurement object can be visualized in detail.

  The displacement visualization sensor is not particularly limited as long as at least a part of the moire generated in the plurality of display regions is different, but the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG. As described above, by making the resolutions of the plurality of display regions different from each other, the moire having a different rate of change in shape or size in accordance with the deformation of the first colored pattern plate in plan view from the observer side is obtained. It is preferable that the display area is configured so as to be visually recognized. Since the deformation of the measurement object can be visualized from the change of the plurality of moires having different change rates generated in the plurality of display areas, the deformation of the measurement object can be visualized in detail. is there.

  Further, the displacement visualization sensor is preferably configured so that different shapes of moire can be visually recognized in the plurality of display regions as viewed in plan from the observer side. This is because the deformation of the measurement object can be visualized from the change in the plurality of moires having different shapes generated in the plurality of display areas, and thus the deformation of the measurement object can be visualized in detail. . Specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 13A, in the displacement visualization sensor 10 configured so that the square moire 10 </ b> R and the cross-shaped moire 10 </ b> R are visually recognized in the two display areas 300, respectively. Since the direction of deformation of the measurement object that is easy to visualize is different between a square moire and a cross-shaped moire, the deformation direction of the measurement object can be visualized in detail.

  Furthermore, it is preferable that the displacement visualization sensor is configured such that moire facing different directions in a plan view from the observer side is visually recognized in the plurality of display areas. Since the deformation of the measurement object can be visualized from the change in the plurality of moires directed in the different directions generated in the plurality of display areas, the deformation of the measurement object can be visualized in detail. It is. Specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 13B, a square moire 10R whose one side is parallel to the X direction and a square moire 10R whose diagonal is parallel to the X direction are in two display areas 300, respectively. In the displacement visualization sensor 10 configured to be visually recognized, the direction of deformation of the measurement object that is easy to visualize is different between the two square moire, so that the direction of deformation of the measurement object can be visualized in detail. it can.

  Here, in the first embodiment, the resolution of the display area means a resolution determined by the resolution of the first colored pattern area and the resolution of the second colored pattern area arranged so as to overlap the display area. . The resolution of the first colored pattern region means the density of the first colored pattern and the gap pattern provided so as to be repeated in the first colored pattern region, and the resolution of the second colored pattern region Means the density of the second colored pattern and the light transmitting pattern provided to repeat in the second colored pattern region. The resolution of the first colored pattern region and the resolution of the second colored pattern region arranged to overlap the display region are the same, and the resolution of the display region is the first color arranged to overlap the display region. It is proportional to the resolution of the colored pattern region and the second colored pattern region.

4). Applications The displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment can be used for applications other than the application for visualizing the deformation of the measurement object in the linear direction. The displacement visualization sensor according to the first embodiment is used for visualizing deformation of the measurement object around an axis in the Z direction, for use in visualizing deformation of the surface shape of the measurement object, and at each position of the measurement object. It can be used to visualize deformation.

5. Measurement Object As a measurement object for visualizing deformation using the displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment, for example, a concrete artificial structure such as a slope (high-rise), a high-rise building, a bridge, Examples include measurement areas in iron artificial structures such as tunnels, trains, ships, and airplanes. Among them, a measurement region in a concrete artificial structure such as a slope or a high-rise building is preferable. This is because if the deformation has a size that needs to be visualized in a measurement region in a concrete artificial structure such as a slope or a high-rise building, it can be reliably visualized by the displacement visualization sensor.

  Here, the slope is an artificial slope made by cutting or embankment. For the measurement area on the slope, it is necessary to visualize a deformation of 0.1% or more in the linear direction parallel to the slope. If it is the said displacement visualization sensor, about 0.1% or more of deformation | transformation of the linear direction parallel to a slope can be visualized about the measurement area | region in a slope. Moreover, about the measurement area | region in a high-rise building, it is necessary to visualize the deformation | transformation of 0.1% or more of the linear direction parallel to the wall surface of a high-rise building. If it is the said displacement visualization sensor, about 0.1% or more of deformation | transformation of the linear direction parallel to the wall surface of a high-rise building can be visualized about the measurement area | region in a high-rise building.

6). Manufacturing Method The manufacturing method of the displacement visualization sensor according to the first embodiment is particularly limited as long as it is a manufacturing method having the step of manufacturing the first colored pattern plate and the step of manufacturing the second colored pattern plate. It is not a thing. As a process of manufacturing the said 1st colored pattern board and a process of manufacturing the said 2nd colored pattern board, the said 1st colored pattern board and the said 2nd colored pattern board are manufactured by the manufacturing method of a general color filter, for example. The process etc. which manufacture each are mentioned.

II. Second Embodiment Hereinafter, the displacement visualization sensor of the second embodiment will be described in detail.

  An example of the displacement visualization sensor of the second embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1A is a schematic top view showing an example of the displacement visualization sensor of the second embodiment. FIG.1 (b) is the sectional view on the AA line of Fig.1 (a). FIG. 2 is a schematic top view showing an example of a measurement region of the structure to which the first colored pattern plate shown in FIG. 1 is bonded. FIG. 14A is a schematic top view showing an example of the displacement visualization sensor of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in a state where the measurement region of the structure is not deformed, and FIG. It is an enlarged view of H section of (a), and Drawing 14 (c) is a HH line sectional view of Drawing 14 (b). FIG. 15A is a schematic top view showing the first colored pattern plate shown in FIG. 14, and FIG. 15B is a schematic top view showing the second colored pattern plate shown in FIG.

  The displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 14 visualizes the deformation of the measurement region 2r (measurement object) of the structure 2 shown in FIGS. 1B and 2, and the first colored pattern A plate 20 and a second colored pattern plate 30 are provided. In the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 14, the first colored pattern plate 20 is bonded to the measurement region 2 r of the structure 2 through the adhesive layer 60. The second colored pattern plate 30 is joined to the first colored pattern plate 20 in the measurement region 2 r of the structure 2 via the adhesive layer 60. The first colored pattern plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 are stacked in parallel such that the first colored pattern plate 20 is on the measurement region side of the structure and the second colored pattern plate 30 is on the viewer side. . Thereby, the displacement visualization sensor 10 is installed in the measurement region 2 r of the structure 2. Further, the first colored pattern plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 have flexibility that can be deformed in conjunction with the deformation of the measurement region 2 r of the structure 2.

  As shown in FIG. 15A, in the first colored pattern plate 20, the red colored layer 24 has a plurality of square gaps on the substrate 22, as in the first colored pattern plate 20 shown in FIG. 4. It is provided in a grid pattern in the area excluding. Accordingly, in the first colored pattern plate 20 shown in FIG. 15A, like the first colored pattern plate 20 shown in FIG. 4, the gap rectangular dots 20R composed of the square gaps are repeated in a regular rule. The colored grid pattern 20L formed of the red colored layer 24 is provided in a region other than the region of the gap rectangular dots 20R.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 15B, in the second colored pattern plate 30, the light shielding layers 34 are provided on the transparent substrate 32 in a grid pattern in a region excluding a plurality of gaps. The plurality of gaps, when viewed in plan from the Z direction, are arranged at the intersections of a plurality of virtual lines with the same interval in the horizontal direction and a plurality of virtual lines with the same interval in the vertical direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction. It is provided to do. The plurality of gaps have the same square shape whose four sides are parallel to the horizontal direction or the vertical direction. As a result, the light transmission rectangular dots 30R made up of the square gaps are provided so as to repeat regularly, and the light shielding grid pattern 30L made up of the light shielding layer 34 is provided in a region other than the region of the light transmission rectangular dots 30R. In the light shielding grid pattern 30L, the line width (L) is L2, and in the light transmitting rectangular dot 30R, the length of one side is a2, and the pitch (p) that is the distance between adjacent centroids is p2. The line width L2 of the light-shielding grid pattern 30L is larger than the line width L1 of the colored grid pattern 20L, and the pitch p2 of the light transmission rectangular dots 30R is larger than the pitch p1 of the gap rectangular dots 20R. The length a2 of one side of the dot 30R is larger than the length a1 of one side of the gap rectangular dot 20R. In addition, the arrangement direction of the patterns in the first colored pattern plate 20 is parallel to the X direction as indicated by solid arrows in FIG. 15B, and the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are the X direction and the Y direction. Each is parallel to the direction.

  For this reason, in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 14, in the state where the measurement region 2r of the structure 2 is not deformed, the line width L2 of the light-shielding grid pattern 30L is the line of the colored grid pattern 20L. It is larger than the width L1, the pitch p2 of the light transmitting rectangular dots 30R is larger than the pitch p1 of the gap rectangular dots 20R, and the length a2 of one side of the light transmitting rectangular dots 30R is one side of the gap rectangular dots 20R. Is longer than the length a1. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 14A, the first colored pattern plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 are planarly viewed from the Z direction through the light-shielding grid pattern 30L and the light transmitting rectangular dots 30R. The moire can be visually recognized by combining the visually-observed colored lattice pattern 20L and the gap rectangular dots 20R.

  Here, FIG. 16 is a schematic top view comparing the displacement visualization sensor shown in FIGS. 1 and 14 between a state in which the measurement region of the structure is not deformed and a state in which the extension in the X direction occurs. Further, FIG. 17 is a schematic top view comparing the displacement visualization sensor shown in FIGS. 1 and 14 with a state in which the measurement region of the structure is not deformed and a state in which the extension in the Y direction occurs.

  In a state where the measurement region 2r of the structure 2 is not deformed, the rectangle represented by the moire 10R is a gap rectangular dot and a light transmission rectangle as shown in FIGS. 16 (a) and 17 (a). The shape resembles a dot. On the other hand, since the 2nd coloring pattern board 30 and the 1st coloring pattern board 20 will be joined if the expansion | extension of the X direction arises in the measurement area | region 2r of the structure 2, a 1st coloring pattern will be interlocked with this. The plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 extend in the X direction. Thereby, the rectangle represented by the moire 10R has a shape in which the original shape is extended in the X direction as shown in FIG. Moreover, when the Y direction expansion | extension arises in the measurement area | region 2r of the structure 2, since the 2nd colored pattern board 30 and the 1st colored pattern board 20 are joined, in conjunction with this, the 1st colored pattern board 20 and The second colored pattern plate 30 extends in the Y direction. Accordingly, the rectangle represented by the moire 10R has a shape in which the original shape is extended in the Y direction, as shown in FIG.

  Next, another example of the displacement visualization sensor according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 8A is a schematic top view showing another example of the displacement visualization sensor of the second embodiment. FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view taken along line FF in FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic top view showing an example of the measurement region of the structure to which the first colored pattern plate shown in FIG. 8 is joined. FIG. 18A is a schematic top view showing another example of the displacement visualization sensor of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 8 in a state in which no deformation has occurred in the measurement region of the structure, and FIG. FIG. 18A is an enlarged view of a portion I in FIG. 18A, and FIG. 18C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line I-I in FIG.

  The displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 8 and 18 visualizes deformation of the measurement region 2r (measurement object) of the structure 2 shown in FIGS. 8B and 2. The displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 8 and 18 further includes a metal frame 40 that reinforces the second colored pattern plate 30, and the second colored pattern plate 30 visualizes the deformation of the measurement region 2 r of the structure 2. Except that it is fixed to the fixing position 2b of the structure 2 by the adhesive layer 60 through the metal frame 40 and separated from the first colored pattern plate 20. 1 and FIG. 14 has the same configuration as that of the displacement visualization sensor 10. The displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 8 and 18 is installed in the measurement region 2r of the structure 2 in the same manner as the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 14.

  Therefore, in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 8 and 18, in the state where the measurement region 2 r of the structure 2 is not deformed, similarly to the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 14. As shown in FIG. 18A, the first colored pattern plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 are viewed through the light-shielding grid pattern 30L and the light-transmitting rectangular dots 30R in plan view from the Z direction. When the colored lattice pattern 20L and the gap rectangular dots 20R are combined, the moiré is visually recognized.

  Here, FIG. 19 is a schematic top view comparing the displacement visualization sensor shown in FIGS. 8 and 18 in a state where no deformation occurs in the measurement region of the structure and a state where deformation in the X direction occurs. Further, FIG. 20 is a schematic top view comparing the displacement visualization sensor shown in FIGS. 8 and 18 in a state where no deformation occurs in the measurement region of the structure and a state where deformation occurs in the Y direction.

  In a state in which the measurement region 2r of the structure 2 is not deformed, the rectangle represented by the moire 10R has a gap rectangular dot 20R and light transmission as shown in FIGS. 19 (a) and 20 (a). The shape is similar to the rectangular dot 30R. On the other hand, when the X direction extension occurs in the measurement region 2r of the structure 2, the second colored pattern plate 30 and the first colored pattern plate 20 are separated from each other. Only the plate 20 extends in the X direction. As a result, the rectangle represented by the moire 10R has a shape in which the original shape is extended in the X direction as shown in FIG. Further, when the Y direction extends in the measurement region 2r of the structure 2, since the second colored pattern plate 30 and the first colored pattern plate 20 are separated, only the first colored pattern plate 20 is interlocked with this. Extends in the Y direction. As a result, the rectangle represented by the moire 10R has a shape in which the original shape is extended in the Y direction as shown in FIG.

  As described above, according to the displacement visualization sensor of the second embodiment, as seen in a plan view from the observer side, the deformation of at least the first colored pattern plate of the first and second colored pattern plates is accompanied. From the change of the moire generated in this way, it is possible to visualize the deformation of the measurement object linked to the deformation of at least the first colored pattern plate of the first and second colored pattern plates. Therefore, the change and the magnitude of the deformation of the measurement object appear in the change in the moire, so that the deformation direction and the magnitude of the measurement object can be visualized easily.

  Hereinafter, each component in the displacement visualization sensor of the second embodiment will be described.

1. First colored pattern plate The first colored pattern plate is the same as the first colored pattern plate described in the above item "I. First embodiment 1. First colored pattern plate". Is omitted.

2. Second colored pattern plate The second colored pattern plate is the same as the second colored pattern plate described in the above item "I. First embodiment 2. Second colored pattern plate". Is omitted.

3. Displacement Visualization Sensor In the displacement visualization sensor according to the second embodiment, the pattern pitch on the second colored pattern plate is different from the pattern pitch on the first colored pattern plate. As a result, the first and second colored pattern plates are viewed in plan from the observer side, and the first colored pattern and the gap pattern visually recognized through the second colored pattern and the light transmission pattern. It is configured so that moire can be visually recognized.

As the displacement visualization sensor, for example, the first colored pattern plate may have any flexibility that can be deformed in conjunction with the deformation of the measurement object to which the first colored pattern plate is bonded. However, it can be roughly divided into a first mode in which the first and second colored pattern plates are joined and a second mode in which the first and second colored pattern plates are separated.
Hereinafter, the displacement visualization sensor will be described in detail focusing on the first aspect and the second aspect.

(1) First Aspect In the displacement visualization sensor of the first aspect, the first aspect is the same as the first aspect described in the item “I. First Embodiment 3. Displacement Visualization Sensor (1) First Aspect”. And the second colored pattern plate is flexible so that it can be deformed in conjunction with the deformation of the measurement object, and the first colored pattern plate is joined together with the first colored pattern plate joined to the measurement object. The joined second colored pattern plate is deformed in conjunction with the deformation of the measurement object. Therefore, the deformation of the measurement object linked with the deformation of the first and second colored pattern plates or the integrated pattern plate is caused by the change in the moire generated with the deformation of the first and second colored pattern plates. Visualize.

a. Pattern on the first colored pattern plate and pattern on the second colored pattern plate In the first aspect, the second colored pattern and the light transmission pattern on the second colored pattern plate are the first colored on the first colored pattern plate. The pattern and the gap pattern are provided so as to repeat according to a certain rule, and the pattern pitch (p) in the second colored pattern plate is different from the pattern pitch (p) in the first colored pattern plate. The moiré is visually recognized.

  Here, when the pattern on the first colored pattern plate is the grid pattern in which the plurality of gap dots having the same shape and size are the same square, the above-mentioned “corresponding” The “certain rule” is, for example, the lattice pattern in which the plurality of the light transmitting dots in which the pattern on the second colored pattern plate is a square having the same shape and size are arranged in a regular rule, The ratio of the pitch (p) that is the distance between the centroids of the adjacent light transmitting dots to the pitch (p) that is the distance between the centroids of the gap dots is the line width of the first colored pattern that is the mesh pattern It means that it is the same as the ratio of the line width (L) of the second colored pattern which is the mesh pattern to (L).

  In addition, when the pattern on the first colored pattern plate is the polka dot pattern in which the plurality of gap dots having the same shape and size are arranged in a regular rule, The “rule” is, for example, the polka dot pattern in which the plurality of light transmitting dots having the same circular shape and size are arranged in a predetermined rule on the second colored pattern plate and adjacent to each other. The ratio of the pitch (p) which is the distance between the centers of the adjacent light transmitting dots to the pitch (p) which is the distance between the centers of the gap dots is the ratio of the diameter of the light transmitting dots to the diameter of the gap dots. Means the same.

  Moreover, as a combination of the pattern in the said 1st colored pattern board and the pattern in the said 2nd colored pattern board, the thing from which the color of the said 1st colored pattern differs from the color of the said 2nd colored pattern is preferable. This is because the deformation of the measurement object can be clearly visualized.

  Furthermore, the ratio of the pattern pitch (p) in the second colored pattern plate to the pattern pitch (p) in the first colored pattern plate is larger when the pitch of the second colored pattern plate is larger. , Preferably in the range of 1: 1.02 to 1: 1.7, in particular in the range of 1: 1.05 to 1: 1.5, in particular 1: 1.1 to 1: 1.4. It is preferable to be within the range. When the ratio of the pitch of the second colored pattern plate to the pitch of the first colored pattern plate is too small, the first colored pattern and the gap that are visually recognized through the second colored pattern and the light transmission pattern This is because, when combined with the pattern, the visible moire becomes too large and it is difficult to observe the shape and size. In addition, if the pitch ratio is too large, the moire becomes too small to be visually recognized. For example, when the width in the X direction of the first and second colored pattern plates × the width in the Y direction is 100 mm × 100 mm, the pitch of the first and second colored pattern plates is set to 500 μm, 510 μm, 500 μm, and 550 μm. Or 500 μm and 600 μm, respectively, the least common multiple of both pitches is 25500 μm, 5500 μm, or 3000 μm, and the moiré is easily observed. On the other hand, if the pitches of the first and second colored pattern plates are set to 500 μm and 505 μm, respectively, the least common multiple of both pitches is 50500 μm, and the moire becomes too large to observe the shape and size. become. If the pitches of the first and second colored pattern plates are set to 300 μm and 500 μm, respectively, the least common multiple of both pitches is 1500 μm, and the moire becomes too small to be visually recognized.

  Further, the ratio of the pitch (p) of the pattern in the second colored pattern plate to the pitch (p) of the pattern in the first colored pattern plate is when the pitch of the second colored pattern plate is made smaller. It is preferably within the range of 1.7: 1 to 1.02: 1, more preferably within the range of 1.5: 1 to 1.05: 1, particularly 1.4: 1 to 1. Preferably it is within the range of 1: 1. This is for the same reason as that in the case where the pattern pitch (p) in the second colored pattern plate is increased.

b. Method for Visualizing Deformation of Measurement Object The visualization method for visualizing the deformation of the measurement object using the displacement visualization sensor of the first aspect is described in “I. First Embodiment 3. Displacement Visualization Sensor (1) First” Since it is the same as the visualization method described in the item “aspect b. Visualization method of deformation of measurement object”, description thereof is omitted here.

  For example, in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 14, when the first and second colored pattern plates are elongated in the X direction and the Y direction, the rectangle represented by the moire 10R is X. Although the shape extends in the direction and the Y direction, the change in the moire corresponding to the direction and size of deformation of the first and second colored pattern plates is not limited to this example. The change content of the moire corresponding to the direction and magnitude of deformation of the second colored pattern plate differs depending on the patterns in the first and second colored pattern plates constituting the moire.

c. Arrangement of first colored pattern plate and second colored pattern plate Regarding the arrangement of the first colored pattern plate and the first colored pattern plate in the displacement visualizing sensor of the first aspect, the above-mentioned “I. First embodiment 3. Displacement visualizing sensor (1) ) 1st mode c. Since it is the same as the arrangement described in the item of “c.

d. Adhesive layer As the displacement visualization sensor of the first embodiment, one having an adhesive layer on one side of the first colored pattern plate is preferable, as in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 14. . The reason is the same as the reason described in the above item “I. First embodiment 3. Displacement visualization sensor (1) First embodiment d. Adhesive layer”.

(2) Second Aspect In the displacement visualization sensor of the second aspect, the first and the same as the second aspect described in the item “I. First Embodiment 3. Displacement Visualization Sensor (2) Second Aspect” above. Since the second colored pattern plate is separated, only the first colored pattern plate joined to the measurement object of the first and second colored pattern plates is interlocked with the deformation of the measurement object. Deform. Therefore, the deformation of the measurement object interlocked with the deformation of only the first colored pattern plate is visualized from the change of the moire caused by the deformation of only the first colored pattern plate.

a. The pattern in the first colored pattern plate and the pattern in the second colored pattern plate In the second aspect, the second colored pattern and the light transmission pattern in the second colored pattern plate are the first colored in the first colored pattern plate. The pattern and the gap pattern are provided so as to repeat according to a certain rule, and the pattern pitch (p) in the second colored pattern plate is different from the pattern pitch (p) in the first colored pattern plate. The moiré is visually recognized.

  Here, the “corresponding constant rule” is the “corresponding constant rule” described in the item “(1) First aspect a. Pattern on the first colored pattern plate and pattern on the second colored pattern plate”. Since the same content is meant, explanation here is omitted.

  Moreover, as a combination of the pattern in the first colored pattern plate and the pattern in the second colored pattern plate, the color of the first colored pattern and the color of the second colored pattern are the same as the displacement visualization sensor of the first aspect. Are different. This is because of the same reason as the displacement visualization sensor of the first aspect.

  Furthermore, regarding the ratio of the pitch (p) of the pattern in the second colored pattern plate to the pitch (p) of the pattern in the first colored pattern plate, the “(1) First aspect a. Since the ratio is the same as the ratio described in the item “Pattern and Pattern in Second Colored Pattern Plate”, description thereof is omitted here.

b. Method for Visualizing Deformation of Measurement Object The visualization method for visualizing the deformation of the measurement object using the displacement visualization sensor of the second aspect is described in “I. First Embodiment 3. Displacement Visualization Sensor (2) Second”. Since it is the same as the visualization method described in the item “aspect b. Visualization method of deformation of measurement object”, description thereof is omitted here.

  For example, in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 8 and 18, when the first and second colored pattern plates are elongated in the X direction and the Y direction, the rectangle represented by the moire 10R is X. Although the shape extends in the direction and the Y direction, the change in the moire corresponding to the direction and size of deformation of the first and second colored pattern plates is not limited to this example. The change content of the moire corresponding to the direction and magnitude of deformation of the second colored pattern plate differs depending on the patterns in the first and second colored pattern plates constituting the moire.

c. Method of Use The method of using the displacement visualization sensor of the second aspect is the same as the method of use described in the item “I. First embodiment 3. Displacement visualization sensor (2) Second aspect c. Method of use” above. Therefore, the description here is omitted.

d. Arrangement of first colored pattern plate and second colored pattern plate Regarding the arrangement of the first colored pattern plate and the first colored pattern plate in the second mode, the above-mentioned “(1) First mode c. Since this is the same as the arrangement described in the item “Pattern Arrangement”, description thereof is omitted here.

e. Positioning pattern As the displacement visualization sensor of the second aspect, the first colored pattern plate or the second colored pattern plate further has a positioning pattern for aligning the positions of the first colored pattern and the second colored pattern. Is preferred. This is because it becomes easy to align the first colored pattern and the second colored pattern in the second colored pattern plate installation step in the displacement visualizing method described in “B. Displacement Visualizing Method” described later. The alignment pattern is the same as the alignment pattern described in the above item.

f. Frame The displacement visualization sensor of the second aspect further includes a frame surrounding the outer periphery of the second colored pattern plate, like the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG. 18, and the thermal expansion between the frame and the measurement object. It is preferable that the difference in rate is smaller than the difference in coefficient of thermal expansion between the second colored pattern plate and the measurement object. This is because of the same reason as described in the above item “I. First embodiment 3. Displacement visualization sensor (2) Second embodiment f. Frame”.

g. Adhesive Layer As the displacement visualization sensor of the second aspect, it is preferable that an adhesive layer is provided on one side of the first colored pattern plate as in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIGS. 8 and 18. This is because of the same reason as described in the item “(1) First aspect d. Adhesive layer”.

(3) Others The displacement visualization sensor of the second embodiment may be another embodiment.

  FIG. 21A is a schematic top view showing another example of the displacement visualization sensor of the second embodiment. 21 (b) is a schematic top view showing the first colored pattern plate shown in FIG. 21 (a), and FIG. 21 (c) is a schematic top view showing the second colored pattern plate shown in FIG. 21 (a). FIG. Hereinafter, the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG. 21A will be described with respect to the configuration different from the configuration of the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG.

  In the state in which the measurement region 2r of the structure 2 is not deformed in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG. 21 (a), the first to second color patterns 301 to 305 correspond to the first to first corresponding colors. In each of the first to fifth display areas 101 to 105 arranged so as to overlap the first to first 1-5 colored pattern areas 201 to 205, the arrangement direction of the patterns in the first colored pattern board 20 and the second colored pattern board The pattern arrangement direction at 30 is parallel to the X direction. On the other hand, in each of the first to fifth display regions 101 to 105, the pitch (p) that is the distance between the centroids of the adjacent gap rectangular dots 20R and the pitch (the distance between the centroids of the adjacent light transmitting rectangular dots 30R ( p), and the ratio of the pitch (p) that is the distance between the centroids of the adjacent light transmitting rectangular dots 30R to the pitch (p) that is the distance between the centroids of the adjacent gap rectangular dots 20R is the colored lattice pattern It is the same as the ratio of the line width L2 of the light-shielding grid pattern 30L to the line width L1 of 20L. In the first to fifth display areas 101 to 105, pitches (p) that are distances between the centers of gravity of the adjacent gap rectangular dots 20R are different from each other. As a result, the first to fifth display regions 101 to 105 have different resolutions. As a result, the first colored pattern plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 are first to first in plan view from the Z direction. In the five display areas 101 to 105, different moire is visually recognized by combining the light-shielding grid pattern 30L and the colored grid pattern 20L visually recognized through the light transmitting rectangular dots 30R.

  For this reason, in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG. 21A, the change rate of the moire accompanying the deformation of the first colored pattern plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 is the first to fifth display regions 101 to 101. In 105, it becomes different. Specifically, the change rate of the moire increases as the display area becomes smaller in the first to fifth display areas 101 to 105. Therefore, in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG. 21A, the measurement region 2r of the structure 2 is deformed from a plurality of moire changes having different rates of change that occur in the first to fifth display regions 101 to 105, respectively. Since it can be visualized, the deformation of the measurement region 2r of the structure 2 can be visualized in detail.

  As the displacement visualization sensor of the second embodiment, as in the displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG. 21A, the first colored pattern plate has a plurality of first colored pattern regions, and the plurality of first colored patterns In the one colored pattern region, the first colored pattern or the gap pattern is provided in a dot-like manner so as to be repeated regularly, and the second colored pattern plate has a plurality of first colored patterns that overlap the plurality of first colored pattern regions, respectively. The first and second colored pattern plates have two colored pattern regions, and the plurality of second colored pattern regions are provided such that the second colored pattern or the light transmission pattern is repeated in a dot-like manner at a certain rule. Constitutes a plurality of display areas arranged to overlap with the plurality of first colored pattern areas corresponding to the plurality of second colored pattern areas, respectively. Which at least partially are different among the moire caused by the plurality of display areas are preferred. The first and second colored pattern plates are formed by combining the second colored pattern and the first colored pattern and the gap pattern visually recognized through the light transmission pattern in the plurality of display areas. Different moire is configured to be visually recognized. For this reason, a different change of the moire occurs in the plurality of display areas in accordance with the deformation of at least the first color pattern board of the first and second color pattern boards, and the moire of the plurality of display areas is changed. The deformation of the first colored pattern plate can be visualized from different changes. This is because the deformation of the measurement object can be visualized in detail.

  The displacement visualization sensor is not particularly limited as long as at least a part of the moire generated in the plurality of display areas is different, but the above-mentioned “I. First embodiment 3. Displacement visualization sensor”. (3) As described in the item “Others”, by changing the resolution of the plurality of display areas, the shape or the shape associated with the deformation of the first colored pattern plate in plan view from the observer side or It is preferable that the moiré having different size change rates is configured to be visually recognized in each of the plurality of display areas. Further, as described in the above item, the displacement visualization sensor is configured so that moires having different shapes can be visually recognized in the plurality of display areas in a plan view from the observer side. Those are preferred. Further, as described in the above item, the displacement visualization sensor is configured such that moires facing different directions when viewed from the viewer side are respectively visible in the plurality of display areas. Are preferred.

  Since the resolution of the display area is the same as the resolution of the display area described in the item “I. First embodiment 3. Displacement visualization sensor (3) Others”, description thereof is omitted here.

4). Applications The applications of the displacement visualization sensor of the second embodiment are the same as the applications described in the above item “I. First embodiment 4. Applications”, and thus description thereof is omitted here.

5. Measurement Object The measurement object whose deformation is visualized by using the displacement visualization sensor of the second embodiment is the same as the measurement object described in the item “I. First Embodiment 5. Measurement Object” above. Therefore, the description here is omitted.

6). Manufacturing Method The manufacturing method of the displacement visualization sensor according to the second embodiment is the same as the manufacturing method described in the above item “I. First Embodiment 6. Manufacturing Method”, and thus description thereof is omitted here.

A-2. Displacement Visualizing Sensor The displacement visualizing sensor of the present invention has a colored pattern plate having flexibility, and the first colored pattern or the gap pattern repeats in a regular manner in a dot shape on one surface side of the colored pattern plate. The second colored pattern or the light transmission pattern is provided on the other surface side of the colored pattern plate so that the second colored pattern or the light transmission pattern repeats in a regular manner in a dot shape, and the colored pattern plate is arranged from the observer side to the second colored pattern. And the first colored pattern and the gap pattern visually recognized through the light transmission pattern are configured so that moire is visually recognized, and the moire changes as the colored pattern plate is deformed. It is characterized by occurring.

  The displacement visualization sensor of the present invention is configured such that the moire can be visually recognized by inclining the pattern arrangement direction on the second colored pattern plate with respect to the pattern arrangement direction on the first colored pattern plate. The moiré is visually recognized by making the pattern pitch (p) of the first embodiment and the pattern of the second colored pattern plate different from the pattern pitch (p) of the first colored pattern plate. The second embodiment can be roughly divided. About the 1st embodiment and 2nd embodiment in this invention, except having a single colored pattern board, the 1st embodiment and 2nd as described in the item of said "A-1. Displacement visualization sensor". Since it is the same as each embodiment, description here is abbreviate | omitted.

  An example of the displacement visualization sensor of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 22 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of the displacement visualization sensor of the present invention, and is a sectional view corresponding to the sectional view showing the displacement visualization sensor shown in FIG.

  The displacement visualization sensor 10 shown in FIG. 22 is a displacement visualization sensor having a single colored pattern plate 70 in which the first colored pattern plate 20 and the second colored pattern plate 30 shown in FIG. 3C are integrated. is there. The single colored pattern plate 70 is formed on the transparent substrate 32, the red colored layer 24 provided in a pattern on the surface of the transparent substrate 32 on the measurement region side, and the observer-side surface of the transparent substrate 32. A light shielding layer 34 is provided in a pattern.

  The red colored layer 24 shown in FIG. 22 is provided in a grid pattern in a region excluding a plurality of gaps on the surface of the transparent substrate 32 on the measurement region side. The plurality of gaps, when viewed in plan from the Z direction, are arranged at the intersections of a plurality of virtual lines with the same interval in the horizontal direction and a plurality of virtual lines with the same interval in the vertical direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction. It is provided to do. The plurality of gaps have the same square shape whose four sides are parallel to the horizontal direction or the vertical direction. Thereby, in the single colored pattern board 70 shown in FIG. 22, like the first colored pattern board 20 shown in FIG. 4, the gap rectangular dots 20R composed of the square gaps are provided so as to repeat in a regular rule. The colored grid pattern 20L formed of the red colored layer 24 is provided in a region other than the region of the gap rectangular dots 20R.

  Further, the light shielding layer 34 shown in FIG. 22 is provided in a lattice shape in a region excluding a plurality of gaps on the surface of the transparent substrate 32 on the viewer side. The plurality of gaps, when viewed in plan from the Z direction, are arranged at the intersections of a plurality of virtual lines with the same interval in the horizontal direction and a plurality of virtual lines with the same interval in the vertical direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction. It is provided to do. The plurality of gaps have the same square shape whose four sides are parallel to the horizontal direction or the vertical direction. Thereby, in the single colored pattern board 70 shown in FIG. 22, like the second colored pattern board 30 shown in FIG. 5, the light-transmitting rectangular dots 30R composed of the square gaps are repeated in a regular rule. A light-shielding grid pattern 30L including the light-shielding layer 34 is provided in a region other than the region of the light transmitting rectangular dots 30R.

  According to the present invention, similar to the displacement visualization sensor described in the section of “A-1. Displacement visualization sensor”, the moire generated when the colored pattern plate is deformed in plan view from the observer side. From this change, it is possible to visualize the deformation of the measurement object in conjunction with the deformation of the colored pattern plate. Therefore, the change and the magnitude of the deformation of the measurement object appear in the change in the moire, so that the deformation direction and the magnitude of the measurement object can be visualized easily. Moreover, when manufacturing the displacement visualization sensor of the present invention, the first colored pattern provided on one surface side of the colored pattern plate is used as an alignment mark, and the other surface side of the colored pattern plate is A second colored pattern can be formed. Thereby, it can manufacture easily compared with the displacement visualization sensor as described in the item of said "A-1. Displacement visualization sensor."

B. Displacement Visualizing Method The displacement visualizing method of the present invention is obtained by joining a first colored pattern plate having flexibility so that a first colored pattern or a gap pattern repeats in a dot-like manner to a measurement object. When the deformation of the measurement object is visualized after the first colored pattern plate arranging step and the first colored pattern plate arranging step, the second colored pattern or the light transmission pattern is repeated in a regular manner in a dot shape. Through the second colored pattern plate placement step of placing the second colored pattern plate provided on the observer side so as to overlap the first colored pattern plate, and through the second colored pattern and the light transmission pattern A change in which the deformation of the measurement object is visualized by observing moire generated by combining the first colored pattern and the gap pattern to be visually recognized. And a visualizing step.

  According to the present invention, the deformation can be concealed by a person other than the observer except when the deformation of the first colored pattern plate is visualized.

  The first colored pattern plate used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is flexible so that the first colored pattern or the gap pattern is provided in a dot-like manner and repeats regularly. Are, for example, the first colored pattern plate described in the item “A. Displacement visualization sensor A-1. Displacement visualization sensor I. First embodiment 1. First colored pattern plate”. In addition, the second colored pattern plate used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the second colored pattern or the light transmission pattern is provided so as to be repeated in a dot-like manner, for example, Examples include the second colored pattern plate described in the above item “A. Displacement Visualizing Sensor A-1. Displacement Visualizing Sensor I. First Embodiment 2. Second Colored Pattern Plate”. Furthermore, the combination of the first colored pattern plate and the second colored pattern plate used in the present invention includes a pattern pitch (p) in the second colored pattern plate and a pattern pitch (p) in the first colored pattern plate. ) Is different, or the arrangement direction of the pattern in the second colored pattern plate is inclined with respect to the arrangement direction of the pattern in the first colored pattern plate. The combination etc. which a moire is visually recognized by combining the said 1st colored pattern visually recognized through the said 2nd colored pattern and the said light transmissive pattern, and the said gap | interval pattern etc. are mentioned.

  Further, the first colored pattern plate arranging step is not particularly limited as long as it is a step of arranging the first colored pattern plate by bonding to the measurement object. For example, as shown in FIG. The process etc. which arrange | position the colored pattern board 20 to the measurement area | region 2r of the structure 2 are arrange | positioned.

  In addition, as the second colored pattern plate arrangement step, after the first colored pattern plate arrangement step, when the deformation of the measurement object is visualized, the second colored pattern plate is placed on the viewer side. Although it will not specifically limit if it is the process arrange | positioned on the 1st colored pattern board, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, the 2nd colored pattern board 30 is accumulated on the 1st colored pattern board 20, and it is a structure. The process etc. which fix and arrange | position to 2 fixed position 2b are mentioned.

  Further, as the displacement visualization step, the measurement target is observed by observing moire generated by combining the second colored pattern, the first colored pattern and the gap pattern visually recognized through the light transmission pattern. It is not particularly limited as long as it is a step of visualizing the deformation of an object. As a method of visualizing the deformation of the measurement object by observing the moire, the above-mentioned “A. Displacement visualization sensor A-1. Sensor I. First embodiment 3. Displacement visualization sensor (1) First embodiment b. Visualization method of deformation of measurement object The item “Visualization method of deformation of measurement object” can be used.

C. Displacement Visualization System The displacement visualization system of the present invention captures a moire that is visually recognized by combining the displacement visualization sensor, the second colored pattern, and the first colored pattern that is visually recognized through the light transmission pattern. And an analyzer for analyzing an image picked up by the image pickup device.

  FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the displacement visualization system of the present invention. The displacement visualization system 90 shown in FIG. 23 is a plan view of the displacement visualization sensor 10 installed on the measurement object 2 and the displacement visualization sensor 10, and the second visualization pattern and the light transmission pattern in the displacement visualization sensor 10 are used. An imaging device 92 that captures a moire that is visually recognized by being combined with the first colored pattern that is visually recognized, and an analysis device 94 that analyzes an image captured by the imaging device 92.

  According to the present invention, the direction and size of deformation of a measurement object can be visualized easily and visually.

  The displacement visualization sensor used in the present invention is the same as the displacement visualization sensor described in the section “A. Displacement Visualization Sensor A-1. Displacement Visualization Sensor”, and a description thereof will be omitted.

  The imaging apparatus is not particularly limited as long as it is a means for imaging the colored pattern that is visually recognized through the shielding pattern and the light transmission pattern in plan view of the displacement visualization sensor. For example, a CCD imaging device or the like can be mentioned.

  The analysis apparatus is not particularly limited as long as it is a means for analyzing an image captured by the imaging apparatus. For example, in the item of “A. Displacement visualization sensor A-1. Displacement visualization sensor” Means for analyzing the image in order to visualize the deformation in the linear direction of the measurement object from the change in the moire caused by the deformation of the first colored pattern plate using the displacement visualization sensor described above may be used. .

  The analysis apparatus is not particularly limited as long as it is a means for analyzing an image captured by the imaging apparatus, and examples thereof include a personal computer installed with a dedicated program.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The above-described embodiment is an exemplification, and the present invention has substantially the same configuration as the technical idea described in the claims of the present invention, and any device that exhibits the same function and effect is the present invention. It is included in the technical scope of the invention.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Displacement visualization sensor, 20 ... 1st colored pattern board, 30 ... 2nd colored pattern board, 22 ... Board | substrate, 24 ... Red colored layer, 32 ... Transparent substrate, 34 ... Light shielding layer

Claims (13)

A first colored pattern plate provided such that the first colored pattern or the gap pattern repeats in a dot-like manner and a second colored pattern plate provided so that the second colored pattern or the light transmission pattern repeats in a dot-like manner. A colored pattern board,
The first and second colored pattern plates are arranged so that the second colored pattern plate is on the viewer side,
The first colored pattern plate has flexibility,
In the first and second colored pattern plates, moiré is visually recognized by combining the first colored pattern and the gap pattern which are visually recognized through the light transmission pattern from the observer side. Configured to be
The displacement visualization sensor characterized in that the moire changes with the deformation of the first colored pattern plate.   The displacement visualization sensor according to claim 1, wherein a color of the first coloring pattern is different from a color of the second coloring pattern.   The displacement visualization sensor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a pattern arrangement direction of the second colored pattern plate is inclined with respect to a pattern arrangement direction of the first colored pattern plate.   The displacement visualization sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a pitch of the pattern in the second colored pattern plate is different from a pitch of the pattern in the first colored pattern plate. The first and second colored pattern plates are joined;
The displacement visualization sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second colored pattern plate has flexibility.   The displacement visualization sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first and second colored pattern plates are separated.   The displacement visualization sensor according to claim 6, wherein the first colored pattern plate or the second colored pattern plate further includes an alignment pattern for aligning the positions of the first colored pattern and the second colored pattern. . The first colored pattern plate has a plurality of first colored pattern regions,
The plurality of first colored pattern regions are provided so that the first colored pattern or the gap pattern repeats in a regular manner in a dot shape,
The second colored pattern plate has a plurality of second colored pattern regions that respectively overlap the plurality of first colored pattern regions,
The plurality of second colored pattern regions are provided such that the second colored pattern or the light transmission pattern repeats in a regular manner in a dot shape,
The first and second colored pattern plates constitute a plurality of display areas arranged to overlap the plurality of first colored pattern areas corresponding to the plurality of second colored pattern areas, respectively, and the plurality of display areas The displacement visualization sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein at least a part of the moire generated in the step is different.   It further has a frame surrounding the outer periphery of the second colored pattern plate, and the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the frame and the measurement object is smaller than the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the second colored pattern plate and the measurement object. The displacement visualizing sensor according to claim 6 or 7, wherein:   The displacement visualization sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein an adhesive layer is provided on one surface of the first colored pattern plate. Having a colored pattern plate having flexibility;
The first colored pattern or the gap pattern is provided on one surface side of the colored pattern plate so as to repeat in a regular manner in the form of dots,
The second colored pattern or the light transmission pattern is provided on the other surface side of the colored pattern plate so as to repeat in a regular manner in a dot shape,
The colored pattern plate is configured such that moire is visually recognized by combining the first colored pattern and the gap pattern which are visually recognized from the observer side through the second colored pattern and the light transmission pattern. And
A displacement visualization sensor characterized in that the moire changes with the deformation of the colored pattern plate. A first colored pattern plate arrangement step in which a first colored pattern plate having flexibility, which is provided so that the first colored pattern or the gap pattern repeats in a regular manner in a dot shape, is bonded to the measurement object; and
When the deformation of the measurement object is visualized after the first colored pattern plate arranging step, the second colored pattern plate provided so that the second colored pattern or the light transmission pattern repeats in a regular manner in a dot shape is observed. A second colored pattern board arrangement step of arranging the first colored pattern board so as to overlap with the first colored pattern board;
Displacement visualization step of visualizing deformation of the measurement object by observing moire generated by combining the first colored pattern and the gap pattern visually recognized through the second colored pattern and the light transmission pattern And a method for visualizing displacement. A displacement visualization sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
An imaging device that captures an image of moire that is visually recognized by combining the second colored pattern and the first colored pattern that is visually recognized through the light transmission pattern;
An analysis device for analyzing an image captured by the imaging device;
A displacement visualization system characterized by comprising: