JP6820214B2

JP6820214B2 - Medical knife

Info

Publication number: JP6820214B2
Application number: JP2017039113A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 昌宏遠藤
Original assignee: Kaijirushi Hamono Center KK
Current assignee: Kaijirushi Hamono Center KK
Priority date: 2017-03-02
Filing date: 2017-03-02
Publication date: 2021-01-27
Anticipated expiration: 2037-03-02
Also published as: JP2018143323A

Description

本発明は刃体を保護し得るカバーを備えた眼科用メスなどの医療用刃物に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a medical blade such as an ophthalmic scalpel provided with a cover capable of protecting the blade.

従来、下記の特許文献１などにより開示された眼科用メスなどの医療用刃物においては、把持部の前端部に刃体を取り付けたハンドルと、この把持部内で前後方向へ移動可能に収容したカバーとを備えている。この刃体は支持部の前端部で屈曲された刃部を有している。このカバーは、把持部の前端部から前方へ突出して刃体を収容し得る刃体不使用位置と、把持部の前端部から後方へ退避する刃体使用可能位置とを取る。その刃体使用可能位置では、カバー支持部の前端部の刃体がカバーから前方へ突出して露出する。 Conventionally, in medical blades such as an ophthalmic scalpel disclosed in Patent Document 1 below, a handle having a blade attached to the front end of the grip and a cover movably housed in the grip in the front-rear direction. And have. This blade has a blade that is bent at the front end of the support. This cover has a blade-free position that projects forward from the front end of the grip and can accommodate the blade, and a blade-usable position that retracts rearward from the front end of the grip. At the blade usable position, the blade at the front end of the cover support portion protrudes forward from the cover and is exposed.

特許第４７４６５３８号公報Japanese Patent No. 4746538

従来の眼科用メスなどの医療用刃物において、カバーの前端部にはカバーの刃体不使用位置で刃体の屈曲刃部が収容される膨出部を形成してカバーに対する刃体の当接を回避する必要があるため、その膨出部がハンドルの把持部から突出して嵩張る。 In a conventional medical blade such as an ophthalmic scalpel, a bulging portion is formed at the front end of the cover at a position where the blade is not used, and the bent blade of the blade is accommodated, so that the blade comes into contact with the cover. Because it is necessary to avoid the above, the bulging portion protrudes from the grip portion of the handle and becomes bulky.

この発明は、眼科用メスなどの医療用刃物において、カバーの刃体不使用位置で刃体の屈曲刃部を収容するための膨出部のないカバーなどの可動体がハンドル側の刃体に当接しないように、ハンドルに対する可動体の移動手段を改良することを目的としている。 According to the present invention, in a medical blade such as an ophthalmic scalpel, a movable body such as a cover having no bulge for accommodating a bent blade portion of the blade at a position where the blade is not used of the cover is attached to the blade on the handle side. The purpose is to improve the means of moving the movable body with respect to the handle so that it does not come into contact with the handle.

後記実施形態の図面（図１〜５）の符号を援用して本発明を説明する。 The present invention will be described with reference to the reference numerals of the drawings (FIGS. 1 to 5) of the embodiments described later .

請求項１の発明にかかる医療用刃物は、ハンドル（１）とそのハンドル（１）の頭部に取り付けた刃体（１２）を保護し得るカバー（２１）とを備えている。このカバー（２１）は、カバー（２１）から延設した操作腕（２３）により、ハンドル（１）に対しハンドル（１）の長手方向に沿う前後方向（Ｘ）へ移動可能に支持されて、刃体（１２）を保護し得る刃体不使用位置（Ｐ）と、刃体（１２）をカバー（２１）から露出し得る刃体使用可能位置（Ｑ）とを取る。前記操作腕（２３）はカバー（２１）とともに移動して前記刃体不使用位置（Ｐ）と刃体使用可能位置（Ｑ）とを取る。前記ハンドル（１）と操作腕（２３）とには前記刃体不使用位置（Ｐ）でカバー（２１）を刃体（１２）に対し回避し得るように移動させるカム面（１１，３５）をハンドル（１）の長手方向（Ｘ）に対し傾斜して延設している。 The medical blade according to the invention of claim 1 includes a handle (1) and a cover (21) capable of protecting the blade body (12) attached to the head of the handle (1). The cover (21) is supported by an operating arm (23) extending from the cover (21) so as to be movable with respect to the handle (1) in the front-rear direction (X) along the longitudinal direction of the handle (1). The blade non-use position (P) that can protect the blade body (12) and the blade usable position (Q) that can expose the blade body (12) from the cover (21) are taken. The operating arm (23) moves together with the cover (21) to take the blade non-use position (P) and the blade usable position (Q). A cam surface (11, 35) that moves the cover (21) to the handle (1) and the operating arm (23) so as to be avoided with respect to the blade (12) at the blade unused position (P). Is inclined and extended with respect to the longitudinal direction (X) of the handle (1).

請求項１の発明では、ハンドル（１）と操作腕（２３）との間のカム面（１１，３５）により、カバー（２１）が刃体（１２）に当接しないように移動するので、従来の医療用刃物においてカバーに対する刃体の当接を回避するために必要であった膨出部をカバー（２１）から省略することができる。 In the invention of claim 1 , the cover (21) is moved by the cam surface (11, 35) between the handle (1) and the operating arm (23) so as not to come into contact with the blade body (12). The bulging portion required to avoid the contact of the blade with the cover in the conventional medical blade can be omitted from the cover (21).

請求項１の発明を前提とする請求項２の発明にかかるハンドル（１）において、前後方向（Ｘ）に対し直交する左右方向（Ｙ）の両側に設けた左右両側部（５，６）間には、前記操作腕（２３）が頭部から挿入される溝部（４）を設けるとともに、その溝部（４）でこの操作腕（２３）が案内される案内部（１０）を設けている。前記ハンドル（１）のカム面（１１）はこの左右両側部（５，６）間の案内部（１０）に設けられて前後方向（Ｘ）へ延設されている。前記操作腕（２３）にはこの案内部（１０）が嵌入される案内孔（３９）を設けている。前記操作腕（２３）のカム面（３５）はこの案内孔（３９）に設けられて前後方向（Ｘ）へ延設されている。請求項２の発明では、ハンドル（１）の溝部（４）において案内部（１０）と操作腕（２３）の案内孔（３９）との間のカム面（１１，３５）により、カバー（２１）が刃体（１２）に当接しないように移動するので、従来の医療用刃物においてカバーに対する刃体の当接を回避するために必要であった膨出部をカバー（２１）から省略することができるばかりではなく、案内部（１０）及び操作腕（２３）をハンドル（１）の溝部（４）に挿入してハンドル（１）を小形化することができる。 In the handle (1) according to the invention of claim 2 , which is premised on the invention of claim 1 , between the left and right side portions (5, 6) provided on both sides in the left-right direction (Y) orthogonal to the front-rear direction (X). Is provided with a groove portion (4) into which the operation arm (23) is inserted from the head, and a guide portion (10) in which the operation arm (23) is guided by the groove portion (4). The cam surface (11) of the handle (1) is provided on a guide portion (10) between the left and right side portions (5, 6) and extends in the front-rear direction (X). The operating arm (23) is provided with a guide hole (39) into which the guide portion (10) is fitted. The cam surface (35) of the operating arm (23) is provided in the guide hole (39) and extends in the front-rear direction (X). In the invention of claim 2 , the cover (21) is provided by the cam surface (11, 35) between the guide portion (10) and the guide hole (39) of the operating arm (23) in the groove portion (4) of the handle (1). ) Moves so as not to come into contact with the blade (12), so that the bulging portion required to avoid contact of the blade with the cover in the conventional medical blade is omitted from the cover (21). Not only can the guide portion (10) and the operating arm (23) be inserted into the groove portion (4) of the handle (1) to reduce the size of the handle (1).

請求項２の発明を前提とする請求項３の発明において、前記ハンドル（１）の案内部（１０）のカム面（１１）と前記操作腕（２３）の案内孔（３９）のカム面（３５）とは、それぞれ、一連に延設されて互いに摺接されている。請求項３の発明では、ハンドル（１）に対するカバー（２１）及び操作腕（２３）の移動を円滑に行うことができる。 In the invention of claim 3 , which is premised on the invention of claim 2 , the cam surface (11) of the guide portion (10) of the handle (1) and the cam surface (39) of the guide hole (39) of the operating arm (23) 35) are extended in a series and are in sliding contact with each other. In the invention of claim 3, the cover (21) and the operating arm (23) can be smoothly moved with respect to the handle (1).

請求項２または請求項３の発明を前提とする請求項４の発明において、前記操作腕（２３）は前後方向（Ｘ）及び左右方向（Ｙ）に対し直交する上下方向（Ｚ）の両側でカバー（２１）から延設した上下両腕（２４，２５）を有し、この上下両腕（２４，２５）間の後端部に設けた連結部（２６，２７）間が互いに離間した状態で上下両腕（２４，２５）間に設けた長孔（３９ａ）は、この上下両連結部（２６，２７）を互いに連結した状態で、前記案内孔（３９）を形成する。請求項４の発明では、上下両腕（２４，２５）の連結部（２６，２７）を互いに離間させた状態で上下両腕（２４，２５）間の長孔（３９ａ）に溝部（４）の案内部（１０）を挿入した後に、その上下両連結部（２６，２７）を互いに連結して、案内孔（３９）に案内部（１０）を嵌入することができる。従って、ハンドル（１）にカバー（２１）及び操作腕（２３）を組み付け易い。 In the invention of claim 4 , which is premised on the invention of claim 2 or 3 , the operating arm (23) is located on both sides of the vertical direction (Z) orthogonal to the front-rear direction (X) and the left-right direction (Y). A state in which both upper and lower arms (24, 25) extending from the cover (21) are provided, and the connecting portions (26, 27) provided at the rear end between the upper and lower arms (24, 25) are separated from each other. The elongated holes (39a) provided between the upper and lower arms (24, 25) form the guide holes (39) in a state where the upper and lower connecting portions (26, 27) are connected to each other. In the invention of claim 4 , the groove portion (4) is formed in the elongated hole (39a) between the upper and lower arms (24, 25) with the connecting portions (26, 27) of the upper and lower arms (24, 25) separated from each other. After inserting the guide portion (10), the upper and lower connecting portions (26, 27) can be connected to each other to fit the guide portion (10) into the guide hole (39). Therefore, it is easy to attach the cover (21) and the operating arm (23) to the handle (1).

請求項１〜４のうちいずれか一つの請求項の発明を前提とする請求項５の発明において、前記カバー（２１）は筒状をなし、前記刃体（１２）は前記刃体不使用位置（Ｐ）でこのカバー（２１）内に収容されるとともに、前記刃体使用可能位置（Ｑ）でこのカバー（２１）から露出する。請求項５の発明では、ハンドル（１）と操作腕（２３）との間のカム面（１１，３５）により、筒状のカバー（２１）が刃体（１２）に当接しないように移動するので、従来の医療用刃物においてカバーに対する刃体の当接を回避するために必要であった膨出部をカバー（２１）から省略することができる。 In the invention of claim 5 , which is premised on the invention of any one of claims 1 to 4, the cover (21) has a tubular shape, and the blade body (12) is in a position where the blade body is not used. (P) is housed in the cover (21), and is exposed from the cover (21) at the blade usable position (Q). In the invention of claim 5 , the cam surface (11, 35) between the handle (1) and the operating arm (23) moves the tubular cover (21) so as not to come into contact with the blade body (12). Therefore, the bulging portion required to avoid the contact of the blade with the cover in the conventional medical blade can be omitted from the cover (21).

請求項５の発明を前提とする請求項６の発明において、前記刃体（１２）はハンドル（１）の頭部に取り付けた支持部（１２ａ）で屈曲された刃部（１２ｂ）を有し、前記カバー（２１）が前記刃体不使用位置（Ｐ）で向く向き（２１Ｐ）は、前記カバー（２１）が前記刃体使用可能位置（Ｑ）で向く向き（２１Ｑ）に対し刃部（１２ｂ）の屈曲向き側へ傾斜している。請求項６の発明では、刃部（１２ｂ）の屈曲向きに合わせて筒状のカバー（２１）が移動するので、カバー（２１）が刃体（１２）に当接しない。 In the invention of claim 6 , which is premised on the invention of claim 5, the blade body (12) has a blade portion (12b) bent by a support portion (12a) attached to the head of the handle (1). The direction (21P) in which the cover (21) faces in the blade non-use position (P) is the direction (21Q) in which the cover (21) faces in the blade usable position (Q). It is inclined toward the bending direction of 12b). In the invention of claim 6 , since the tubular cover (21) moves according to the bending direction of the blade portion (12b), the cover (21) does not come into contact with the blade body (12).

次に、請求項以外の技術的思想について実施形態の図面の符号を援用して説明する。
請求項６の発明を前提とする第７の発明において、前記刃体（１２）の刃部（１２ｂ）は、前記刃体使用可能位置（Ｑ）で、カバー（２１）の前端部に設けた刃体出入口部（２２）を外側に延長させた範囲（Ｓ）の外側に突出する。第７の発明では、カバー（２１）の刃体出入口部（２２）を外側に延長させた範囲（Ｓ）の外側に刃部（１２ｂ）が突出していても、刃体（１２）にカバー（２１）が当接しない。 Next, the technical ideas other than the claims will be described with reference to the reference numerals of the drawings of the embodiments.
In the seventh invention premised on the invention of claim 6 , the blade portion (12b) of the blade body (12) is provided at the front end portion of the cover (21) at the blade body usable position (Q). The blade entrance / exit portion (22) protrudes to the outside of the range (S) extended outward. In the seventh invention, even if the blade portion (12b) protrudes outside the range (S) in which the blade entrance / exit portion (22) of the cover (21) is extended outward, the blade portion (12) is covered (12). 21) does not come into contact.

請求項１〜６のうちいずれか一つの請求項の発明を前提とする第８の発明において、前記ハンドル（１）は、前記頭部を有するカバー支持部（２）と、そのカバー支持部（２）に対し長手方向（Ｘ）で連続する把持部（３）とを備え、前記カバー（２１）は刃体使用可能位置（Ｑ）でこのカバー支持部（２）の外側に被せられる。第８の発明では、ハンドル（１）のカバー支持部（２）と操作腕（２３）との間のカム面（１１，３５）により、カバー（２１）が刃体（１２）に当接しないように移動するので、従来の医療用刃物においてカバーに対する刃体の当接を回避するために必要であった膨出部をカバー（２１）から省略することができる。 In the eighth invention premised on the invention of any one of claims 1 to 6 , the handle (1) is a cover support portion (2) having the head and a cover support portion (2) thereof. A grip portion (3) continuous with respect to the longitudinal direction (X) is provided with respect to 2), and the cover (21) is put on the outside of the cover support portion (2) at a blade usable position (Q). In the eighth invention, the cover (21) does not come into contact with the blade body (12) due to the cam surfaces (11, 35) between the cover support portion (2) of the handle (1) and the operating arm (23). Therefore, the bulging portion required to avoid the contact of the blade with the cover in the conventional medical blade can be omitted from the cover (21).

第８の発明を前提とする第９の発明においては、前記刃体使用可能位置（Ｑ）で、カバー（２１）の後端部が把持部（３）の前端部に対し隙間（Ｇ）をあけて配置され、把持部（３）の外周面を含む想定面上にカバー（２１）の外周面を配置した。第９の発明では、把持部（３）の前端部の外周面とカバー（２１）の後端部の外周面とが滑らかに連続するとともに、把持部（２）の前端部に当てがった手指の把持位置を隙間（Ｇ）及び外周面に対する感触によりカバー（２１）を見ずに確認することができる。 In the ninth invention, which is premised on the eighth invention, the rear end portion of the cover (21) has a gap (G) with respect to the front end portion of the grip portion (3) at the blade body usable position (Q). The outer peripheral surface of the cover (21) was arranged on an assumed surface including the outer peripheral surface of the grip portion (3). In the ninth invention, the outer peripheral surface of the front end portion of the grip portion (3) and the outer peripheral surface of the rear end portion of the cover (21) are smoothly continuous and are applied to the front end portion of the grip portion (2). The gripping position of the fingers can be confirmed without looking at the cover (21) by touching the gap (G) and the outer peripheral surface.

本発明は、眼科用メスなどの医療用刃物において、カバー（２１）を有する可動体（２０）が刃体不使用位置（Ｐ）及び刃体使用可能位置（Ｑ）で刃体（１２）に当接しないように移動するので、従来の医療用刃物においてカバーに対する刃体の当接を回避するために必要であった膨出部を可動体（２０）から省略することができる。 In the present invention, in a medical blade such as an ophthalmic scalpel, a movable body (20) having a cover (21) is placed on a blade (12) at a blade non-use position (P) and a blade usable position (Q). Since the blade moves so as not to abut, the bulging portion required to avoid the abutment of the blade with the cover in the conventional medical blade can be omitted from the movable body (20).

（ａ）は医療用刃物のハンドルの背面側を斜め上方から見た斜視図であり、（ｂ）は同じく背面側を斜め下方から見た斜視図であり、（ｃ）は同じく背面側から見た部分断面図である。(A) is a perspective view of the back side of the handle of the medical blade viewed from diagonally above, (b) is a perspective view of the back side as seen from diagonally below, and (c) is also viewed from the back side. It is a partial cross-sectional view. （ａ）は医療用刃物のカバー及び開状態の操作腕の背面側を斜め上方から見た斜視図であり、（ｂ）は同じく背面側を斜め下方から見た斜視図であり、（ｃ）は同じくカバー及び閉状態の操作腕を背面側から見た断面図である。(A) is a perspective view of the back side of the medical blade cover and the operating arm in the open state viewed from diagonally above, and (b) is also a perspective view of the back side of the operating arm viewed from diagonally below, (c). Is a cross-sectional view of the cover and the operating arm in the closed state as viewed from the rear side. （ａ）は刃体不使用位置にある医療用刃物の背面側を斜め上方から見た斜視図であり、（ｂ）は同じく背面側から見た部分断面図であり、（ｃ）は（ｂ）のＡ−Ａ線断面図である。(A) is a perspective view of the back side of the medical blade in the position where the blade is not used, viewed from diagonally above, (b) is a partial cross-sectional view also seen from the back side, and (c) is (b). ) Is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA. （ａ）は刃体使用可能位置にある医療用刃物の背面側を斜め上方から見た斜視図であり、（ｂ）は同じく背面側から見た部分断面図であり、（ｃ）は（ｂ）のＢ−Ｂ線断面図である。(A) is a perspective view of the back side of the medical blade in the usable position of the blade as seen from diagonally above, (b) is a partial cross-sectional view also seen from the back side, and (c) is (b). ) Is a sectional view taken along line BB. （ａ）は刃体不使用位置にある医療用刃物においてロック回避位置を背面側から見た部分断面図であり、（ｂ）は同じくロック位置を背面側から見た部分断面図であり、（ｃ）は刃体使用可能位置にある医療用刃物においてロック回避位置を背面側から見た部分断面図である。(A) is a partial cross-sectional view of the lock avoidance position seen from the back side of the medical blade in the blade non-use position, and (b) is also a partial cross-sectional view of the lock position seen from the back side. c) is a partial cross-sectional view of the lock avoidance position seen from the back side of the medical blade in the blade usable position.

以下、本発明の一実施形態にかかる医療用刃物について図面を参照して説明する。
図１に示すハンドル１は、プラスチックにより一体成形され、前端部である頭部を有するカバー支持部２と、そのカバー支持部２に対し長手方向に沿う前後方向Ｘで連続する把持部３とを備えている。カバー支持部２は把持部３の前端部から前方へ突設されている。把持部３の後端部の下側には平坦なころがり防止部３ａが形成されている。 Hereinafter, a medical knife according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The handle 1 shown in FIG. 1 has a cover support portion 2 integrally molded of plastic and having a head portion as a front end portion, and a grip portion 3 continuous with the cover support portion 2 in the front-rear direction X along the longitudinal direction. I have. The cover support portion 2 projects forward from the front end portion of the grip portion 3. A flat rolling prevention portion 3a is formed on the lower side of the rear end portion of the grip portion 3.

ハンドル１には前後方向Ｘに対し直交する左右方向Ｙの両側に側部５，６が設けられているとともに、カバー支持部２の前端部から把持部３の後端部へ向けて前後方向Ｘへ延設された溝部４が左右両側部５，６間で設けられている。溝部４は、前開口７で前方に開放されているとともに、前後方向Ｘ及び左右方向Ｙに対し直交する上下方向Ｚの両側で上開口８及び下開口９に開放されている。溝部４の下側で左右両側部５，６間には案内部１０が前開口７から溝部４の前後方向Ｘの中央部にわたり形成されている。案内部１０の上側と下側とにはカム面１１が形成されている。上下両カム面１１は、案内部１０の後端部から前端部にわたり前後方向Ｘへ一連に延設され、後端部から前端部に向かうに従い次第に高くなるように上方に湾曲してハンドル１の長手方向Ｘに対し傾斜している。 The handle 1 is provided with side portions 5 and 6 on both sides in the left-right direction Y orthogonal to the front-rear direction X, and the front-rear direction X from the front end portion of the cover support portion 2 toward the rear end portion of the grip portion 3. Grooves 4 extending to the left and right sides 5 and 6 are provided. The groove 4 is opened forward by the front opening 7, and is opened to the upper opening 8 and the lower opening 9 on both sides of the vertical direction Z orthogonal to the front-rear direction X and the left-right direction Y. A guide portion 10 is formed below the groove portion 4 between the left and right side portions 5 and 6 from the front opening 7 to the central portion of the groove portion 4 in the front-rear direction X. Cam surfaces 11 are formed on the upper side and the lower side of the guide portion 10. The upper and lower cam surfaces 11 extend in a series in the front-rear direction X from the rear end portion to the front end portion of the guide portion 10, and are curved upward so as to gradually increase from the rear end portion to the front end portion of the handle 1. It is inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction X.

カバー支持部２の前端部に取り付けられる刃体１２は、案内部１０の前端部に挿着されて前方へ突出する支持部１２ａと、支持部１２ａの前端部で斜め前方に向けて上方へ屈曲された刃部１２ｂとを有している。把持部３の前端部の少し後方で、右側部６の上側には係止凹部１３が形成され、右側部６の下側には案内凹部１４が前後方向Ｘへ延設されている。案内凹部１４の前端部には前方側で壁により閉塞されているとともに後方側で開放されたストッパ部１５ａが形成され、案内凹部１４の後端部には前後両端部で閉塞された凹状のストッパ部１５ｂが形成されている。溝部４の後端部上に形成された凹所１６の上方に隣接して把持部３上には前方へ突出する片持ち梁状のロック操作部１７が形成されている。ロック操作部１７は可撓腕であって、可撓腕１７の前端部には当接部１８が形成されているとともに、段差状の保持部１９が形成されている。 The blade body 12 attached to the front end portion of the cover support portion 2 is inserted into the front end portion of the guide portion 10 and protrudes forward, and the front end portion of the support portion 12a bends upward diagonally forward. It has a blade portion 12b that has been formed. A locking recess 13 is formed on the upper side of the right side portion 6 slightly behind the front end portion of the grip portion 3, and a guide recess 14 extends in the front-rear direction X on the lower side of the right side portion 6. The front end of the guide recess 14 is formed with a stopper portion 15a that is closed by a wall on the front side and opened on the rear side, and the rear end of the guide recess 14 is a concave stopper that is closed at both front and rear ends. Part 15b is formed. A cantilever-shaped lock operation portion 17 projecting forward is formed on the grip portion 3 adjacent to the upper portion of the recess 16 formed on the rear end portion of the groove portion 4. The lock operation portion 17 is a flexible arm, and a contact portion 18 is formed at the front end portion of the flexible arm 17, and a stepped holding portion 19 is formed.

図２に示す可動体２０は、プラスチックにより一体成形され、前端部の刃体出入口部２２と後端部とで前後方向Ｘへ開放された筒状のカバー２１と、そのカバー２１の後端部から後方へ延設された操作腕２３とを備えている。操作腕２３は、カバー２１の後端部の上側から後方へ延設された上腕２４と、カバー２１の後端部の下側から後方へ延設された下腕２５とを有している。上腕２４の後端部と下腕２５の後端部とには連結部２６，２７が形成されている。上腕２４において、カバー２１の後端部と連結部２６との間で、上側には左右方向Ｙ及び上下方向Ｚに撓み得る両持ち梁状の可撓部２８が前後方向Ｘへ延設されているとともに、下側には案内腕部２９が前後方向Ｘへ延設され、可撓部２８と案内腕部２９との間には長孔３０が前後方向Ｘへ延設されている。操作腕２３の上腕２４の後端部には当接部３１が形成されているとともに、段差状の保持部３２が形成されている。可撓部２８上の前後方向Ｘの中央部にはカバー操作部２８ａが上方に突設され、カバー操作部２８ａの下方で可撓部２８の右側に係止凸部３３が形成されている。 The movable body 20 shown in FIG. 2 is integrally molded with plastic, and has a tubular cover 21 which is integrally molded with plastic and is opened in the front-rear direction X at the blade entrance / exit portion 22 at the front end portion and the rear end portion, and the rear end portion of the cover 21. It is provided with an operating arm 23 extending rearward from the. The operating arm 23 has an upper arm 24 extending rearward from the upper side of the rear end portion of the cover 21, and a lower arm 25 extending rearward from the lower side of the rear end portion of the cover 21. Connecting portions 26 and 27 are formed between the rear end portion of the upper arm 24 and the rear end portion of the lower arm 25. In the upper arm 24, between the rear end portion of the cover 21 and the connecting portion 26, a double-sided beam-shaped flexible portion 28 that can bend in the left-right direction Y and the vertical direction Z extends in the front-rear direction X on the upper side. At the same time, a guide arm portion 29 is extended in the front-rear direction X on the lower side, and a long hole 30 is extended in the front-rear direction X between the flexible portion 28 and the guide arm portion 29. A contact portion 31 is formed at the rear end portion of the upper arm 24 of the operating arm 23, and a stepped holding portion 32 is formed. A cover operating portion 28a is projected upward at the center of the flexible portion 28 in the front-rear direction X, and a locking convex portion 33 is formed on the right side of the flexible portion 28 below the cover operating portion 28a.

下腕２５においては、カバー２１の後端部と連結部２７との間に載置腕部３６が前後方向Ｘへ延設され、載置腕部３６の右側に係止凸部３４が形成されている。案内腕部２９の下側と載置腕部３６の上側とにはカム面３５が形成されている。上下両カム面３５は、案内腕部２９及び載置腕部３６の後端部から前端部にわたり前後方向Ｘへ一連に延設され、ハンドル１の案内部１０の上下両カム面１１に合わせて湾曲してハンドル１の長手方向Ｘに対し傾斜している。上腕２４の連結部２６の下側に形成された連結凹部３７と、下腕２５の連結部２７の上側に形成された連結凸部３８とが互いに嵌着され、その嵌着前状態で上腕２４の案内腕部２９の下側と下腕２５の載置腕部３６の上側との間に形成された長孔３９ａがそれらの連結部２６，２７で閉塞されて案内孔３９が前後方向Ｘへ延設される。 In the lower arm 25, the mounting arm portion 36 extends in the front-rear direction X between the rear end portion of the cover 21 and the connecting portion 27, and a locking convex portion 34 is formed on the right side of the mounting arm portion 36. ing. A cam surface 35 is formed on the lower side of the guide arm portion 29 and the upper side of the mounting arm portion 36. The upper and lower cam surfaces 35 extend in a series in the front-rear direction X from the rear end portion to the front end portion of the guide arm portion 29 and the mounting arm portion 36, and are aligned with the upper and lower cam surfaces 11 of the guide portion 10 of the handle 1. It is curved and inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction X of the handle 1. The connecting recess 37 formed on the lower side of the connecting portion 26 of the upper arm 24 and the connecting convex portion 38 formed on the upper side of the connecting portion 27 of the lower arm 25 are fitted to each other, and the upper arm 24 is in the state before fitting. The elongated hole 39a formed between the lower side of the guide arm portion 29 and the upper side of the mounting arm portion 36 of the lower arm 25 is closed by the connecting portions 26 and 27, and the guide hole 39 moves in the front-rear direction X. It will be extended.

図２の可動体２０を図１のハンドル１に組み付ける際には、まず、案内部１０の前端部に刃体１２の支持部１２ａを挿着する。そして、図３，４に示すように、上下両連結部２６，２７を上下方向Ｚへ互いに開いて操作腕２３をカバー支持部２及び把持部３の溝部４にカバー支持部２側から挿入し、刃体１２及び案内部１０を上下両連結部２６，２７間から長孔３９ａに挿入する。その後、上下両連結部２６，２７を互いに連結すると、刃体１２がカバー２１に収容されるとともに、案内部１０が案内孔３９に嵌入される。また、案内部１０の前端部に刃体１２の支持部１２ａを挿着する前に、操作腕２３を溝部４に挿入し、案内部１０を上下両連結部２６，２７間から長孔３９ａに挿入した後、上下両連結部２６，２７を互いに連結し、その後に案内部１０の前端部に刃体１２の支持部１２ａを挿着することもできる。その状態で、案内部１０の上下両カム面１１と案内孔３９の上下両カム面３５とは互いに摺接される。カバー２１は刃体１２及びカバー支持部２の外側に被せられる。カバー操作部２８ａ及びロック操作部１７（可撓腕）は溝部４から上方へ突出する。 When assembling the movable body 20 of FIG. 2 to the handle 1 of FIG. 1, first, the support portion 12a of the blade body 12 is inserted into the front end portion of the guide portion 10. Then, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, both the upper and lower connecting portions 26 and 27 are opened to each other in the vertical direction Z, and the operating arm 23 is inserted into the groove portion 4 of the cover supporting portion 2 and the grip portion 3 from the cover supporting portion 2 side. , The blade body 12 and the guide portion 10 are inserted into the elongated hole 39a from between the upper and lower connecting portions 26 and 27. After that, when both the upper and lower connecting portions 26 and 27 are connected to each other, the blade body 12 is accommodated in the cover 21 and the guide portion 10 is fitted into the guide hole 39. Further, before inserting the support portion 12a of the blade body 12 into the front end portion of the guide portion 10, the operating arm 23 is inserted into the groove portion 4, and the guide portion 10 is inserted into the elongated hole 39a from between the upper and lower connecting portions 26 and 27. After the insertion, both the upper and lower connecting portions 26 and 27 can be connected to each other, and then the supporting portion 12a of the blade body 12 can be inserted into the front end portion of the guide portion 10. In that state, the upper and lower cam surfaces 11 of the guide portion 10 and the upper and lower cam surfaces 35 of the guide hole 39 are in sliding contact with each other. The cover 21 covers the outside of the blade body 12 and the cover support portion 2. The cover operating portion 28a and the lock operating portion 17 (flexible arm) project upward from the groove portion 4.

図３に示すように、カバー２１の刃体不使用位置Ｐでは、上腕２４の係止凸部３３が係止凹部１３に係入されるとともに、下腕２５の係止凸部３４が前側ストッパ部１５ａに係入され、載置腕部３６が案内部１０に対し段差部３６ａ，１０ａで停止されてカバー２１及び操作腕２３の前方への移動が阻止され、カバー２１が刃体不使用位置Ｐで保持される。刃体１２はカバー２１に収容される。 As shown in FIG. 3, at the blade non-use position P of the cover 21, the locking convex portion 33 of the upper arm 24 is engaged with the locking concave portion 13, and the locking convex portion 34 of the lower arm 25 is a front stopper. The mounting arm portion 36 is engaged with the portion 15a, and the mounting arm portion 36 is stopped at the stepped portions 36a and 10a with respect to the guide portion 10 to prevent the cover 21 and the operating arm 23 from moving forward, and the cover 21 is in a position where the blade is not used. It is held at P. The blade body 12 is housed in the cover 21.

刃体不使用位置Ｐでカバー操作部２８ａを可撓部２８の弾性力に抗して下方へ押すと、上腕２４の係止凸部３３は係止凹部１３の斜面１３ａにより左右方向Ｙへ移動されるとともに溝部４側に押されて係止凹部１３から離脱する。その後、カバー操作部２８ａを下方へ押したまま溝部４に沿って後方へ移動させると、下腕２５の係止凸部３４が前側ストッパ部１５ａから離脱して案内凹部１４に沿って後方へ移動し、案内部１０の上下両カム面１１と案内孔３９の上下両カム面３５とが互いに摺接されながら、カバー２１及び操作腕２３も溝部４に沿って後方へ移動する。そして、図４に示すように、下腕２５の係止凸部３４が凹状の後側ストッパ部１５ｂに係入されてカバー２１が刃体使用可能位置Ｑで保持される。カバー２１は、刃体不使用位置Ｐから刃体使用可能位置Ｑに移動する際に、上下両カム面１１と上下両カム面３５とで案内されて刃体１２に対し回避されて当接しない。刃体使用可能位置Ｑで、カバー２１の後端部は把持部３の前端部に対し隙間Ｇをあけて配置されるとともに、把持部３の外周面を含む想定面上にカバー２１の外周面が配置され、カバー２１の刃体出入口部２２を外側に延長させた範囲Ｓの外側に刃体１２の刃部１２ｂの先端部が突出する。カバー２１が刃体使用可能位置Ｑで向く向き２１Ｑは前後方向Ｘに沿い、カバー２１が刃体不使用位置Ｐで向く向き２１Ｐは、この向き２１Ｑに対し刃部１２ｂの屈曲向き側へ角度θだけ傾斜している。 When the cover operating portion 28a is pushed downward against the elastic force of the flexible portion 28 at the blade not used position P, the locking convex portion 33 of the upper arm 24 moves in the left-right direction Y due to the slope 13a of the locking concave portion 13. At the same time, it is pushed toward the groove 4 side to separate from the locking recess 13. After that, when the cover operating portion 28a is pushed downward and moved rearward along the groove portion 4, the locking convex portion 34 of the lower arm 25 is separated from the front stopper portion 15a and moved rearward along the guide recess 14. Then, the cover 21 and the operating arm 23 also move rearward along the groove 4 while the upper and lower cam surfaces 11 of the guide portion 10 and the upper and lower cam surfaces 35 of the guide hole 39 are in sliding contact with each other. Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the locking convex portion 34 of the lower arm 25 is engaged with the concave rear stopper portion 15b, and the cover 21 is held at the blade usable position Q. When the cover 21 moves from the blade non-use position P to the blade usable position Q, the cover 21 is guided by the upper and lower cam surfaces 11 and the upper and lower cam surfaces 35 so as to avoid contact with the blade 12. .. At the blade body usable position Q, the rear end portion of the cover 21 is arranged with a gap G with respect to the front end portion of the grip portion 3, and the outer peripheral surface of the cover 21 is arranged on an assumed surface including the outer peripheral surface of the grip portion 3. Is arranged, and the tip of the blade portion 12b of the blade body 12 projects to the outside of the range S in which the blade entrance / exit portion 22 of the cover 21 is extended outward. The direction 21Q in which the cover 21 faces at the blade usable position Q is along the front-rear direction X, and the direction 21P in which the cover 21 faces at the blade non-use position P is an angle θ toward the bending direction side of the blade portion 12b with respect to this direction 21Q. Only tilted.

刃体使用可能位置Ｑからカバー操作部２８ａを溝部４に沿って前方へ移動させると、係止凸部３４が凹状の後側ストッパ部１５ｂから離脱して案内凹部１４に沿って前方へ移動し、案内部１０の上下両カム面１１と案内孔３９の上下両カム面３５とが互いに摺接されながら、カバー２１及び操作腕２３も溝部４に沿って前方へ移動する。そして、図３に示すように、係止凸部３４が前側ストッパ部１５ａに係止されるとともに、係止凸部３３が可撓部２８の弾性力により係止凹部１３に係入されてカバー２１が刃体不使用位置Ｐで保持される。カバー２１は、刃体使用可能位置Ｑから刃体不使用位置Ｐに移動する際に、上下両カム面１１と上下両カム面３５とで案内されて刃体１２に対し回避されて当接しない。 When the cover operating portion 28a is moved forward along the groove portion 4 from the blade body usable position Q, the locking convex portion 34 is separated from the concave rear stopper portion 15b and moves forward along the guide concave portion 14. The cover 21 and the operating arm 23 also move forward along the groove 4 while the upper and lower cam surfaces 11 of the guide portion 10 and the upper and lower cam surfaces 35 of the guide hole 39 are in sliding contact with each other. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the locking convex portion 34 is locked to the front stopper portion 15a, and the locking convex portion 33 is engaged with the locking concave portion 13 by the elastic force of the flexible portion 28 to cover the cover. 21 is held at the blade unused position P. When the cover 21 moves from the blade usable position Q to the blade non-use position P, the cover 21 is guided by the upper and lower cam surfaces 11 and the upper and lower cam surfaces 35 to avoid contact with the blade 12 and does not come into contact with the blade 12. ..

図５（ａ）に示すカバー２１の刃体不使用位置Ｐでロック回避位置Ｅにあるロック操作部１７（可撓腕）において、操作腕２３の連結部２６の後方で隣接する可撓腕１７をその弾性力に抗して下方へ押すと、可撓腕１７が下方へ撓む。そのため、図５（ｂ）に示すように、操作腕２３の当接部３１が可撓腕１７の当接部１８に当接して、カバー２１及び操作腕２３が刃体不使用位置Ｐから刃体使用可能位置Ｑへ移動するのをこれらの当接部３１，１８により阻止することができる。また、可撓腕１７の保持部１９が操作腕２３の保持部３２に保持されて、可撓腕１７がロック位置Ｆからロック回避位置Ｅに戻るのをこれらの保持部１９，３２により阻止してロック位置Ｆを維持することができる。 In the lock operation portion 17 (flexible arm) at the lock avoidance position E at the blade unused position P of the cover 21 shown in FIG. 5 (a), the flexible arm 17 adjacent to the rear of the connecting portion 26 of the operation arm 23. Is pushed downward against the elastic force, and the flexible arm 17 bends downward. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5B, the contact portion 31 of the operating arm 23 comes into contact with the contact portion 18 of the flexible arm 17, and the cover 21 and the operating arm 23 are bladed from the blade unused position P. These contact portions 31, 18 can prevent the body from moving to the usable position Q. Further, the holding portion 19 of the flexible arm 17 is held by the holding portion 32 of the operating arm 23, and these holding portions 19 and 32 prevent the flexible arm 17 from returning from the lock position F to the lock avoidance position E. The lock position F can be maintained.

図５（ｃ）に示すように、刃体使用可能位置Ｑではロック操作部１７（可撓腕）においてロック回避位置Ｅからロック位置Ｆへの不用意な移動操作を操作腕２３により阻止することができる。なお、刃体不使用位置Ｐと刃体使用可能位置Ｑとの間の途中位置においても、ロック操作部１７（可撓腕）が下方へ撓む空間内に操作腕２３の連結部２６が入り込むと、ロック操作部１７のロック回避位置Ｅからロック位置Ｆへの不用意な移動操作を阻止することができる。 As shown in FIG. 5 (c), at the blade usable position Q, the operation arm 23 prevents the lock operation unit 17 (flexible arm) from inadvertently moving from the lock avoidance position E to the lock position F. Can be done. Even at an intermediate position between the blade non-use position P and the blade usable position Q, the connecting portion 26 of the operating arm 23 enters the space where the lock operating portion 17 (flexible arm) bends downward. Then, the careless movement operation from the lock avoidance position E to the lock position F of the lock operation unit 17 can be prevented.

次に、医療用刃物の使用例について述べる。
医療用刃物をカバー２１の刃体不使用位置Ｐで保管することができる。カバー２１を刃体不使用位置Ｐから刃体使用可能位置Ｑに移動させると、刃体１２がカバー２１から突出するため、医療用刃物を使用することができる。カバー２１を刃体不使用位置Ｐと刃体使用可能位置Ｑとの間で移動させることができるため、医療用刃物を再利用することができるが、カバー２１をロック操作部１７により刃体不使用位置Ｐで保持すると、カバー２１の移動が永続的に阻止されて医療用刃物を再利用することができない。再利用できない状態で廃棄することが好ましい。また、ハンドル１に対し刃体１２が交換不能に取り付けられている場合には一回の使用で廃棄することが好ましい。このように医療用刃物を使用する場合に、カバー２１は刃体不使用位置Ｐと刃体使用可能位置Ｑとの間で移動する際にカム面１１，３５で案内されて刃体１２に対し回避されて当接しない。 Next, an example of using a medical knife will be described.
The medical blade can be stored at the blade unused position P of the cover 21. When the cover 21 is moved from the blade non-use position P to the blade usable position Q, the blade 12 protrudes from the cover 21, so that a medical blade can be used. Since the cover 21 can be moved between the blade non-use position P and the blade usable position Q, the medical blade can be reused, but the cover 21 is not bladed by the lock operation unit 17. When held at the use position P, the movement of the cover 21 is permanently blocked and the medical blade cannot be reused. It is preferable to dispose of it in a non-reusable state. Further, when the blade body 12 is irreplaceably attached to the handle 1, it is preferable to dispose of it after one use. When the medical blade is used in this way, the cover 21 is guided by the cam surfaces 11 and 35 when moving between the blade non-use position P and the blade usable position Q with respect to the blade 12. Avoided and do not contact.

本実施形態は下記の効果を有する。
（１）ハンドル１の案内部１０のカム面１１と可動体２０の操作腕２３のカム面３５との摺接により、可動体２０のカバー２１が刃体１２に当接しないように刃体不使用位置Ｐと刃体使用可能位置Ｑとの間で移動するので、従来の医療用刃物においてカバーに対する刃体の当接を回避するために必要であった膨出部をカバー２１から省略することができる。その場合、案内部１０及び操作腕２３をハンドル１の溝部４に挿入してハンドル１を小形化することができる。 This embodiment has the following effects.
(1) The blade is not formed so that the cover 21 of the movable body 20 does not come into contact with the blade 12 due to the sliding contact between the cam surface 11 of the guide portion 10 of the handle 1 and the cam surface 35 of the operating arm 23 of the movable body 20. Since it moves between the use position P and the blade usable position Q, the bulging portion required to avoid the contact of the blade with the cover in the conventional medical blade is omitted from the cover 21. Can be done. In that case, the guide portion 10 and the operating arm 23 can be inserted into the groove portion 4 of the handle 1 to reduce the size of the handle 1.

（２）上下両腕２４，２５の連結部２６，２７を互いに離間させた状態で上下両腕２４，２５間の長孔３９ａに溝部４の案内部１０を挿入した後に、その上下両連結部２６，２７を互いに連結して、案内孔３９に案内部１０を嵌入することができる。 (2) After inserting the guide portion 10 of the groove portion 4 into the elongated hole 39a between the upper and lower arms 24 and 25 with the connecting portions 26 and 27 of the upper and lower arms 24 and 25 separated from each other, the upper and lower connecting portions thereof. The guide portion 10 can be fitted into the guide hole 39 by connecting the 26 and 27 to each other.

前記実施形態以外にも例えば下記のように構成してもよい。
・前記実施形態において、可動体２０はカバー２１と操作腕２３とにより設けられ、ハンドル１の案内部１０のカム面１１と操作腕２３のカム面３５とにより、カバー２１及び操作腕２３が刃体不使用位置Ｐと刃体使用可能位置Ｑとの間で移動する。そのほか、可動体の全体をカバーとし、カバーとハンドルとの間にカム面を設けることができる。 In addition to the above embodiment, for example, it may be configured as follows.
In the above embodiment, the movable body 20 is provided by the cover 21 and the operating arm 23, and the cover 21 and the operating arm 23 are bladed by the cam surface 11 of the guide portion 10 of the handle 1 and the cam surface 35 of the operating arm 23. It moves between the body unused position P and the blade usable position Q. In addition, the entire movable body can be used as a cover, and a cam surface can be provided between the cover and the handle.

・前記実施形態において、案内部１０のカム面１１は、後端部から前端部に向かうに従い刃部１２ｂの屈曲向き側へ次第に高くなるように湾曲して傾斜している。そのほか、カム面１１については、後端部から前端部に向けて直線的に延設した後に、刃体不使用位置Ｐでカバー２１が刃体１２に当接する直前で、刃部１２ｂの屈曲向き側へ直線的に屈曲させて延設させてもよい。また、操作腕２３のカム面３５については、カム面１１に合わせて延設する。 In the above embodiment, the cam surface 11 of the guide portion 10 is curved and inclined so as to gradually increase toward the bending direction side of the blade portion 12b from the rear end portion toward the front end portion. In addition, the cam surface 11 extends linearly from the rear end portion to the front end portion, and then immediately before the cover 21 comes into contact with the blade body 12 at the blade body unused position P, in the bending direction of the blade portion 12b. It may be bent linearly to the side and extended. Further, the cam surface 35 of the operating arm 23 is extended in accordance with the cam surface 11.

・前記実施形態においては、ハンドル１の案内部１０の上下両側に形成したカム面１１と、案内腕部２９の下側と載置腕部３６の上側とに形成したカム面３５とを互いに組み合わせて摺接させた二組のカム面１１，３５を設けているが、一組のカム面１１，３５のみを設けることができる。 In the above embodiment, the cam surfaces 11 formed on both the upper and lower sides of the guide portion 10 of the handle 1 and the cam surfaces 35 formed on the lower side of the guide arm portion 29 and the upper side of the mounting arm portion 36 are combined with each other. Although two sets of cam surfaces 11 and 35 that are slidably contacted with each other are provided, only one set of cam surfaces 11 and 35 can be provided.

・前記実施形態においては、ハンドル１の溝部４の案内部１０にカム面１１を設けるとともに、操作腕２３にカム面３５を設けている。そのほか、例えば、ハンドル１の左右両側部５，６の外側に延設した案内部にカム面を設けるとともに、左右両側部５，６の外側に被せられるカバーの内側に延設した案内部にカム面を設け、それらの案内部を互いに嵌合させてカム面を互いに摺接させる。 In the above embodiment, the guide portion 10 of the groove portion 4 of the handle 1 is provided with the cam surface 11, and the operating arm 23 is provided with the cam surface 35. In addition, for example, a cam surface is provided on the guide portion extending outside the left and right side portions 5 and 6 of the handle 1, and the cam surface is provided on the guide portion extending inside the cover covering the outside of the left and right side portions 5 and 6. The surfaces are provided, and the guide portions are fitted to each other so that the cam surfaces are in sliding contact with each other.

・前記実施形態においては、把持部３の右側部６の前側に係止凹部１３を設けるとともに、カバー２１の可撓部２８の中央部に係止凸部３３を設けている。そのほか、前側係止凹部１３に加えて、把持部３の右側部６の後側にも係止凹部を設けてもよい。 In the above embodiment, the locking recess 13 is provided on the front side of the right side portion 6 of the grip portion 3, and the locking convex portion 33 is provided on the central portion of the flexible portion 28 of the cover 21. In addition to the front locking recess 13, a locking recess may be provided on the rear side of the right side portion 6 of the grip portion 3.

・前記実施形態のハンドル１において、右側部６の案内凹部１４の前後両端部に設けたストッパ部１５ａ，１５ｂのうち、前端部のストッパ部１５ａを後端部のストッパ部１５ｂと同様に凹状に設けてもよい。 In the handle 1 of the above embodiment, of the stopper portions 15a and 15b provided at the front and rear ends of the guide recess 14 on the right side portion 6, the stopper portion 15a at the front end portion is concave like the stopper portion 15b at the rear end portion. It may be provided.

・前記実施形態の操作腕２３においては、上腕２４の連結部２６と下腕２５の連結部２７とが共に開くが、一方のみが他方に対し開くようにしてもよい。また、操作腕２３の上腕２４と下腕２５とを互いに開くことなく一体に形成するとともに、把持部３の左右両側部５，６のうち少なくとも一方をヒンジ結合等により互いに開くようにし、左右両側部５，６を互いに開いた状態で操作腕２３を取り付けるようにしてもよい。 -In the operating arm 23 of the above embodiment, the connecting portion 26 of the upper arm 24 and the connecting portion 27 of the lower arm 25 are both opened, but only one of them may be opened with respect to the other. Further, the upper arm 24 and the lower arm 25 of the operating arm 23 are integrally formed without opening each other, and at least one of the left and right side portions 5 and 6 of the grip portion 3 is opened to each other by a hinge connection or the like so that both the left and right sides are opened. The operating arm 23 may be attached with the portions 5 and 6 open to each other.

・前記実施形態においては、カバー操作部２８ａを下方へ押すと、上腕２４の係止凸部３３が係止凹部１３の斜面１３ａにより左右方向Ｙへ移動されるとともに溝部４側に押されて係止凹部１３から離脱する。そのほか、係止凹部１３の斜面１３ａを省略し、カバー操作部２８ａを左右方向Ｙへ移動させることなく下方へ押すだけで係止凸部３３を係止凹部１３から離脱させるようにしてもよい。また、係止凹部１３に対する係止凸部３３の係脱については、凹凸構成以外に、圧接力や磁力を利用するようにしてもよい。 In the above embodiment, when the cover operating portion 28a is pushed downward, the locking convex portion 33 of the upper arm 24 is moved in the left-right direction Y by the slope 13a of the locking concave portion 13, and is pushed toward the groove portion 4 side. It separates from the retaining recess 13. In addition, the slope 13a of the locking recess 13 may be omitted, and the locking protrusion 33 may be disengaged from the locking recess 13 simply by pushing the cover operating portion 28a downward without moving it in the left-right direction Y. Further, for engaging and disengaging the locking convex portion 33 with respect to the locking concave portion 13, a pressure contact force or a magnetic force may be used in addition to the uneven configuration.

・前記実施形態においては、ロック操作部１７（可撓腕）をハンドル１の上側に設けるとともに、カバー操作部２８ａを操作腕２３の上側に設けているが、ロック操作部１７（可撓腕）やカバー操作部２８ａを設ける位置を下側や左右両側など上側以外に設けることができる。 In the above embodiment, the lock operation unit 17 (flexible arm) is provided on the upper side of the handle 1 and the cover operation unit 28a is provided on the upper side of the operation arm 23, but the lock operation unit 17 (flexible arm) is provided. The position where the cover operating portion 28a is provided can be provided on a position other than the upper side such as the lower side or both the left and right sides.

・前記実施形態においては、ハンドル１に対し刃体１２を着脱不能に取り付けているが、着脱可能にまたは交換可能に取り付けてもよい。
・前記実施形態において、ロック操作部１７を省略してもよい。 -In the above embodiment, the blade body 12 is non-detachably attached to the handle 1, but it may be detachably or replaceably attached.
-In the above embodiment, the lock operation unit 17 may be omitted.

・ハンドル１の断面外周形状とカバー２１の断面外周形状とを互いに同じ円形に設けているが、円形以外に、五角形や六角形などの多角形に設けてもよい。また、ハンドル１の断面外周形状とカバー２１の断面外周形状とを互いに異なる形状に設けてもよい。 -Although the cross-sectional outer peripheral shape of the handle 1 and the cross-sectional outer peripheral shape of the cover 21 are provided in the same circular shape, they may be provided in a polygonal shape such as a pentagon or a hexagon in addition to the circular shape. Further, the outer peripheral shape of the cross section of the handle 1 and the outer peripheral shape of the cross section of the cover 21 may be provided in different shapes.

・前記実施形態においては、カバー２１と操作腕２３とを一体成形しているが、例えばカバ２１ーと操作腕２３とを別々に成形して互いに組み付けてもよい。
・前記実施形態において、ハンドル１の材質としては、例えば、ポリプロピレン樹脂やポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂やＡＢＳ樹脂などを採用することができる。また、可動体２０（カバー２１及び操作腕２３）の材質としては、ポリプロピレン樹脂やポリカーボネート樹脂やメタクリル樹脂やＡＢＳ樹脂などを採用することができる。 -In the above embodiment, the cover 21 and the operating arm 23 are integrally molded, but for example, the cover 21 and the operating arm 23 may be molded separately and assembled to each other.
-In the above embodiment, as the material of the handle 1, for example, polypropylene resin, polybutylene terephthalate resin, ABS resin, or the like can be adopted. Further, as the material of the movable body 20 (cover 21 and operating arm 23), polypropylene resin, polycarbonate resin, methacrylic resin, ABS resin, or the like can be adopted.

・可動体２０（カバー２１及び操作腕２３）については、透明樹脂や半透明の透過性樹脂で成形することが好ましいが、不透明樹脂で成形してもよい。
・前記実施形態において、ハンドル１及び可動体２０（カバー２１及び操作腕２３）の材質としては、プラスチック以外に、例えばステンレス鋼やチタンなどの金属を採用することができる。 The movable body 20 (cover 21 and operating arm 23) is preferably molded with a transparent resin or a translucent transparent resin, but may be molded with an opaque resin.
-In the above embodiment, as the material of the handle 1 and the movable body 20 (cover 21 and operating arm 23), a metal such as stainless steel or titanium can be adopted in addition to plastic.

・前記実施形態において、ハンドル１の把持部３の外周には、滑止め部として、周方向へ細長い長方形状に設けた複数の凹部が周方向及び長手方向へ並設されている。そのほか、異なる形状の凹部や細かい突起や細長い突条など、滑止め部の形状を変更することができる。 -In the above-described embodiment, a plurality of recesses provided in a rectangular shape elongated in the circumferential direction are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction and the longitudinal direction as a non-slip portion on the outer periphery of the grip portion 3 of the handle 1. In addition, the shape of the non-slip portion can be changed, such as a concave portion having a different shape, a fine protrusion, or an elongated ridge.

１…ハンドル、４…ハンドルの溝部、５…ハンドルの左側部、６…ハンドルの右側部、１０…ハンドルの案内部、１１…ハンドルのカム面、１２…刃体、１２ａ…支持部、１２ｂ…刃部、２０…可動体、２１…可動体のカバー、２１Ｐ，２１Ｑ…カバーの向き、２３…可動体の操作腕、２４…上腕、２５…下腕、２６…上腕の連結部、２７…下腕の連結部、３５…操作腕のカム面、３９…操作腕の案内孔、Ｐ…刃体不使用位置、Ｑ…刃体使用可能位置、Ｘ…長手方向に沿う前後方向、Ｙ…左右方向、Ｚ…上下方向。 1 ... handle, 4 ... handle groove, 5 ... handle left side, 6 ... handle right side, 10 ... handle guide, 11 ... handle cam surface, 12 ... blade, 12a ... support, 12b ... Blade part, 20 ... movable body, 21 ... movable body cover, 21P, 21Q ... cover orientation, 23 ... movable body operating arm, 24 ... upper arm, 25 ... lower arm, 26 ... upper arm connecting part, 27 ... lower Arm connecting part, 35 ... Cam surface of operating arm, 39 ... Guide hole of operating arm, P ... Blade unused position, Q ... Blade usable position, X ... Front-back direction along the longitudinal direction, Y ... Left-right direction , Z ... Vertical direction.

Claims

In a medical blade with a handle and a cover that can protect the blade attached to the head of the handle.
This cover is supported by the operating arm extending from the cover so as to be movable in the front-rear direction along the longitudinal direction of the handle with respect to the handle, and the blade unused position that can protect the blade and the blade can be removed from the cover. Take the usable position of the blade that can be exposed,
The operating arm moves together with the cover to take the blade unused position and the blade usable position, and the handle and the operating arm can avoid the cover with respect to the blade at the blade unused position. A medical blade characterized in that the cam surface to be moved to is inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction of the handle and extended.

A groove into which the operating arm is inserted from the head is provided between the left and right sides of the handle, which are provided on both sides in the left-right direction orthogonal to the front-rear direction, and a guide portion in which the operating arm is guided by the groove. Set up,
The cam surface of the handle is provided in the guide portion between the left and right side portions and extends in the front-rear direction, the operating arm is provided with a guide hole into which the guide portion is fitted, and the cam surface of the operating arm is this. The medical knife according to claim 1 , wherein the medical knife is provided in a guide hole and extends in the front-rear direction.

The medical blade according to claim 2 , wherein the cam surface of the guide portion of the handle and the cam surface of the guide hole of the operating arm are respectively extended in a series and are in sliding contact with each other.

The operating arm has upper and lower arms extending from the cover on both sides in the vertical direction orthogonal to the front-rear direction and the left-right direction, and the connecting portions provided at the rear ends between the upper and lower arms are separated from each other. The medical blade according to claim 2 or 3 , wherein the elongated hole provided between the upper and lower arms forms the guide hole in a state where the upper and lower connecting portions are connected to each other.

Claims 1 to 4, wherein the cover has a tubular shape, and the blade is housed in the cover at a position where the blade is not used and is exposed from the cover at a position where the blade can be used. The medical blade according to any one of the claims.

The blade body has a blade portion bent by a support portion attached to the head of the handle, and the direction in which the cover faces in the blade body unused position is such that the cover faces in the blade body usable position. The medical blade according to claim 5 , wherein the blade portion is inclined toward the bending direction.