上記特許文献１では、筒状の保護カバーがホルダの頭部側外周に挿嵌され、その保護カバーが刃体を露出させる使用可能状態で、筒状の保護カバーの外面を把持しなければならず、保護カバーを移動させるためにホルダの頭部と保護カバーとの間に生じるがたつきにより悪影響を受けて、使用感が悪くなる問題があった。特に、眼科用メスや脳外科用メスなどによる顕微鏡下での手術ではそのがたつきが多大な悪影響を及ぼす。
In Patent Document 1, a cylindrical protective cover is inserted into the outer periphery on the head side of the holder, and the protective cover must grip the outer surface of the cylindrical protective cover in a usable state in which the blade body is exposed. However, there is a problem that the feeling of use deteriorates due to adverse effects caused by rattling that occurs between the head of the holder and the protective cover in order to move the protective cover. In particular, the rattling has a great adverse effect in the operation under a microscope using an ophthalmic scalpel or a scalpel scalpel.
この発明は、保護カバー付き医療用刃物において保護カバーの形態を改良して使用感を良くすることを目的としている。
An object of the present invention is to improve the feeling of use by improving the form of a protective cover in a medical blade with a protective cover.
後記実施形態の図面（図１〜５に示す第１実施形態、図６に示す第２実施形態、図７に示す第３実施形態）の符号を援用して本発明を説明する。
請求項１の発明にかかる保護カバー付き医療用刃物は、ホルダ１の頭部２に刃体７を備え、そのホルダ１の頭部２側に対し移動可能に支持された保護カバー１８が刃体７に被せられる不使用状態Ｐと刃体７を露出させる使用可能状態Ｑとを取り得る。前記保護カバー１８は、不使用状態Ｐで刃体７に被せられるとともに使用可能状態Ｑで刃体７から退避する刃体保護部１９と、その刃体保護部１９から延設された支持部２０，２１とを備えている。このホルダ１の外側に設けた把持面１３ａは、前記保護カバー１８から把持可能に露出し、ホルダ１の頭部２と尻部４とを結ぶ長手方向Ｘに対する周方向Ｒにおいて、不使用状態Ｐと使用可能状態Ｑとのうち少なくとも使用可能状態Ｑで、この保護カバー１８の支持部２０，２１に設けた外面２０ｂ，２１ｂにより複数分割され、その支持部２０，２１の各外面２０ｂ，２１ｂとホルダ１の各把持面１３ａとが周方向Ｒで交互に並ぶ。
請求項１の発明では、使用可能状態Ｑで保護カバー１８から露出するホルダ１の把持面１３ａを直接把持することにより、ホルダ１を安定性良く把持して使用することができる。また、刃体７を保護し得る本来の形態を有する刃体保護部１９のほかに、使用可能状態Ｑでホルダ１の把持面１３ａに対し並ぶ外面２０ｂ，２１ｂが生じる形態を有する支持部２０，２１を保護カバー１８に設けたので、その支持部２０，２１により、ホルダ１の頭部２側に対し保護カバー１８を移動可能に支持することができるばかりでなく、使用可能状態Ｑで保護カバー１８から露出するホルダ１の把持面１３ａを直接把持することができる。さらに、使用可能状態Ｑでホルダ１の周方向Ｒへ各把持面１３ａを配設して容易に把持することができる。
The present invention will be described with reference to the drawings of the following embodiments (first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, second embodiment shown in FIG. 6, and third embodiment shown in FIG. 7).
The medical blade with a protective cover according to the invention of claim 1 includes a blade body 7 on the head 2 of the holder 1, and the protective cover 18 supported so as to be movable with respect to the head 2 side of the holder 1 has a blade body. 7 can be in a non-use state P that is put on 7 and a usable state Q in which the blade body 7 is exposed. The protective cover 18 covers the blade body 7 in the non-use state P and retracts from the blade body 7 in the usable state Q, and a support portion 20 extended from the blade body protection portion 19. , 21. The gripping surface 13a provided outside the holder 1 is exposed so as to be grippable from the protective cover 18, and is not used in the circumferential direction R with respect to the longitudinal direction X connecting the head 2 and the butt 4 of the holder 1. And the usable state Q, and at least in the usable state Q, the outer cover 20 is divided into a plurality of outer surfaces 20b and 21b provided on the support portions 20 and 21 of the protective cover 18, and the outer surfaces 20b and 21b of the support portions 20 and 21 The holding surfaces 13a of the holder 1 are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction R.
In the first aspect of the invention, by directly gripping the gripping surface 13a of the holder 1 exposed from the protective cover 18 in the usable state Q , the holder 1 can be gripped and used with good stability. Further, in addition to the blade body protection part 19 having an original form capable of protecting the blade body 7, the support part 20 having a form in which outer surfaces 20 b and 21 b aligned with the holding surface 13 a of the holder 1 are generated in the usable state Q, 21 is provided on the protective cover 18, the support portions 20, 21 can support the protective cover 18 so as to be movable with respect to the head 2 side of the holder 1. The gripping surface 13 a of the holder 1 exposed from 18 can be directly gripped. Furthermore, each gripping surface 13a can be disposed in the circumferential direction R of the holder 1 in the usable state Q and can be easily gripped.
請求項１の発明を前提とする請求項２の発明において、前記保護カバー１８の支持部２０，２１の外面２０ｂ，２１ｂにおける周方向Ｒの両端縁部がなす円周角度αよりも、前記ホルダ１の把持面１３ａにおける周方向Ｒの両端縁部がなす円周角度βを大きく設定した。請求項２の発明では、使用可能状態Ｑで保護カバー１８から露出するホルダ１の把持面１３ａを広範囲に設定して容易に把持することができる。
In the invention of claim 2 premised on the invention of claim 1 , the holder is more than a circumferential angle α formed by both end edges in the circumferential direction R on the outer surfaces 20b, 21b of the support portions 20, 21 of the protective cover 18. The circumferential angle β formed by both edge portions in the circumferential direction R on one gripping surface 13a was set large. In the invention of claim 2, the gripping surface 13 a of the holder 1 exposed from the protective cover 18 in the usable state Q can be easily set by setting it in a wide range.
請求項１または請求項２の発明を前提とする請求項３の発明において、前記保護カバー１８の支持部は互いに離間されて保護カバー１８の刃体保護部１９からホルダ１の長手方向Ｘに沿って延設された複数の腕部２０，２１を有し、前記ホルダ１にはこの保護カバー１８の各腕部２０，２１が嵌め込まれる溝部１０，１１を設け、前記ホルダ１の把持面１３ａは、ホルダ１の周方向Ｒにおいて、少なくとも使用可能状態Ｑで前記保護カバー１８の各腕部２０，２１により複数分割され、その各腕部２０，２１の外面２０ｂ，２１ｂとホルダ１の各把持面１３ａとが周方向Ｒで交互に並ぶ。請求項３の発明では、保護カバー１８の各腕部２０，２１をホルダ１の各溝部１０，１１に嵌め込むことにより、使用可能状態Ｑでホルダ１の各把持面１３ａを保護カバー１８から露出させ易くするとともに周方向Ｒへ配設して容易に把持することができる。
請求項３の発明を前提とする請求項４の発明において、前記各腕部２０，２１の外面２０ｂ，２１ｂは保護カバー１８の刃体保護部１９からホルダ１の長手方向Ｘに沿って延設され、前記ホルダ１の各把持面１３ａはこの各腕部２０，２１の各外面２０ｂ，２１ｂに沿って延びている。請求項４の発明では、使用可能状態Ｑでホルダ１の把持面１３ａを保護カバー１８から露出させ易くするとともに周方向Ｒへ配設して容易に把持することができる。
請求項３または請求項４の発明を前提とする請求項５の発明において、前記保護カバー１８の各腕部２０，２１は、保護カバー１８の刃体保護部１９から延設され、それらの自由端部２０ａ，２１ａ間の間隔を互いに広げ得る可撓性を有している。請求項５の発明では、保護カバー１８の各腕部２０，２１を互いに広げてホルダ１の各溝部１０，１１に対し容易に嵌め込むことができ、各腕部２０，２１を各溝部１０，１１に組み付け易い。
In the invention of claim 3 based on the invention of claim 1 or claim 2, the support portions of the protective cover 18 are spaced apart from each other along the longitudinal direction X of the holder 1 from the blade protection portion 19 of the protective cover 18. The holder 1 is provided with groove portions 10 and 11 into which the arm portions 20 and 21 of the protective cover 18 are fitted, and the holding surface 13a of the holder 1 is In the circumferential direction R of the holder 1, at least in the usable state Q, the arm is divided into a plurality of arms 20, 21 of the protective cover 18, and the outer surfaces 20b, 21b of the arms 20, 21 and the gripping surfaces of the holder 1 are divided. 13a are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction R. In the invention of claim 3, the gripping surfaces 13 a of the holder 1 are exposed from the protective cover 18 in the usable state Q by fitting the arms 20 and 21 of the protective cover 18 into the grooves 10 and 11 of the holder 1. It can be made easy and can be easily gripped by being arranged in the circumferential direction R.
In the invention of claim 4 based on the invention of claim 3, the outer surfaces 20b, 21b of the arms 20, 21 extend from the blade protection part 19 of the protective cover 18 along the longitudinal direction X of the holder 1. The holding surfaces 13a of the holder 1 extend along the outer surfaces 20b and 21b of the arms 20 and 21, respectively. In the invention of claim 4, the gripping surface 13 a of the holder 1 can be easily exposed from the protective cover 18 in the usable state Q and can be easily gripped by being disposed in the circumferential direction R.
In the invention of claim 5 premised on the invention of claim 3 or claim 4, the arm portions 20, 21 of the protective cover 18 are extended from the blade protection portion 19 of the protective cover 18, and their freeness. It has the flexibility which can widen the space | interval between edge part 20a, 21a mutually. In the invention of claim 5, the arm portions 20, 21 of the protective cover 18 can be spread out to be easily fitted into the groove portions 10, 11 of the holder 1, and the arm portions 20, 21 can be fitted into the groove portions 10, 11. 11 is easy to assemble.
次に、請求項以外の技術的思想について実施形態の図面の符号を援用して説明する。
Next, it described with the aid of codes drawings embodiments technical ideas other than claims.
請求項５の発明を前提とする第６の発明において、前記各腕部２０，２１の自由端部２０ａ，２１ａにはそれらの間隔の広がりを規制する規制部２２を設けている。第６の発明では、保護カバー１８の各腕部２０，２１をホルダ１の各溝部１０，１１に嵌め込んだ状態で各溝部１０，１１の広がりを規制部２２により規制してホルダ１に対する保護カバー１８の移動操作を円滑に行うことができる。
In a sixth invention premised on the invention of claim 5, the free end portions 20a, 21a of the respective arm portions 20, 21 are provided with restricting portions 22 for restricting the spread of the intervals therebetween. In the sixth aspect of the invention , the restriction of the groove portions 10 and 11 is restricted by the restricting portion 22 in a state where the arm portions 20 and 21 of the protective cover 18 are fitted in the groove portions 10 and 11 of the holder 1 to protect the holder 1. The moving operation of the cover 18 can be performed smoothly.
第６の発明を前提とする第７の発明において、前記保護カバー１８の各腕部２０，２１が嵌め込まれる溝部１０，１１はホルダ１の長手方向Ｘへ延設され、ホルダ１にはこれらの溝部１０，１１を互いに貫通する案内孔部１２を設け、この案内孔部１２に前記各腕部２０，２１の規制部２２を保護カバー１８の移動に伴い移動可能に嵌め込んだ。第７の発明では、ホルダ１の案内孔部１２により各腕部２０，２１の規制部２２を収容してホルダ１に対する保護カバー１８の移動操作を円滑に行うことができる。
In the seventh invention based on the sixth invention , the groove portions 10 and 11 into which the arm portions 20 and 21 of the protective cover 18 are fitted are extended in the longitudinal direction X of the holder 1, and the holder 1 includes these groove portions 10 and 11. A guide hole portion 12 penetrating each other through the groove portions 10 and 11 is provided, and the restriction portions 22 of the arm portions 20 and 21 are fitted into the guide hole portion 12 so as to be movable as the protective cover 18 moves. In the seventh invention , the restricting portions 22 of the arm portions 20 and 21 are accommodated by the guide hole portions 12 of the holder 1 so that the operation of moving the protective cover 18 relative to the holder 1 can be performed smoothly.
請求項１から請求項５の発明のうちいずれか一つの請求項の発明、または第６〜７の発明のうちいずれか一つの発明を前提とする第８の発明において、前記保護カバー１８の支持部２０には指当部２３を設けている。第８の発明では、保護カバー１８の指当部２３に指を当てがってホルダ１に対する保護カバー１８の移動操作を円滑に行うことができる。
Support of the protective cover 18 in the invention of any one of the inventions of claims 1 to 5 or the eighth invention based on any one of the inventions of the sixth to seventh inventions The part 20 is provided with a finger holder 23. In the eighth invention , the finger can be applied to the finger holder 23 of the protective cover 18 to smoothly move the protective cover 18 relative to the holder 1.
第８の発明を前提とする第９の発明において、前記指当部２３を有する腕部２０は保護カバー１８の移動方向Ｘに対し交差する方向の両側のうち一方の側へ撓み得る弾性を有し、その腕部２０を前記ホルダ１の溝部１０に対し弾性力に抗して嵌め込む際に生じる復帰力が溝部１０の内面に向けて付与される。第９の発明では、不使用状態Ｐ及び使用可能状態Ｑで、保護カバー１の腕部２０の有する弾性により腕部２０を溝部１０の内面に圧接して保持することができる。
In the ninth invention based on the eighth invention , the arm portion 20 having the finger contact portion 23 has elasticity that can be bent to one side of both sides in a direction intersecting the moving direction X of the protective cover 18. Then, a restoring force generated when the arm portion 20 is fitted into the groove portion 10 of the holder 1 against the elastic force is applied toward the inner surface of the groove portion 10. In the ninth aspect, the arm portion 20 can be held in pressure contact with the inner surface of the groove portion 10 by the elasticity of the arm portion 20 of the protective cover 1 in the non-use state P and the usable state Q.
第９の発明を前提とする第１０の発明において、前記不使用状態Ｐで、保護カバー１８の腕部２０とホルダ１の溝部１０とには、その腕部２０の弾性力により係止されてホルダ１に対する保護カバー１８の移動を規制するとともにその腕部２０の弾性力に抗してその係止が解除されてホルダ１に対する保護カバー１８の移動を許容する係止部２０ａ，１４を設けている。第１０の発明では、不使用状態Ｐで、保護カバー１８の腕部２０の有する弾性により腕部２０を溝部１０に対し係脱して保持することができる。
In the tenth invention based on the ninth invention , in the non-use state P, the arm portion 20 of the protective cover 18 and the groove portion 10 of the holder 1 are locked by the elastic force of the arm portion 20. Locking portions 20a and 14 are provided that restrict the movement of the protective cover 18 with respect to the holder 1 and release the locking against the elastic force of the arm portion 20 to allow the movement of the protective cover 18 with respect to the holder 1. Yes. In the tenth invention , in the unused state P, the arm portion 20 can be engaged with and disengaged from the groove portion 10 by the elasticity of the arm portion 20 of the protective cover 18.
請求項１から請求項５の発明のうちいずれか一つの請求項の発明、または第６〜１０の発明のうちいずれか一つの発明を前提とする第１１の発明において、前記不使用状態Ｐと使用可能状態Ｑとでそれぞれ保護カバー１８の支持部２０，２１をホルダ１に対し保持解除可能に保持する保持部２０ａ，１４，２２，１２，１５，１６，２４を設けている。第１１の発明では、不使用状態Ｐ及び使用可能状態Ｑで保護カバー１８をホルダ１に保持することができる。
In the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or the eleventh invention based on any one of the sixth to tenth inventions , the non-use state P and Holding portions 20 a, 14, 22, 12, 15, 16, 24 are provided for holding the support portions 20, 21 of the protective cover 18 so that the holder 1 can be released in the usable state Q. In the eleventh aspect , the protective cover 18 can be held on the holder 1 in the non-use state P and the usable state Q.
請求項１の発明を前提とする第１２の発明において、前記保護カバー１８の支持部は互いに離間されて保護カバー１８の刃体保護部１９からホルダ１の長手方向Ｘに沿って延設された一対の腕部２０，２１を有し、前記ホルダ１にはこの保護カバー１８の両腕部２０，２１が嵌め込まれる溝部１０，１１を設け、前記ホルダ１の把持面１３ａは、ホルダ１の頭部２と尻部４とを結ぶ長手方向Ｘに対する周方向Ｒにおいて、少なくとも使用可能状態Ｑで前記保護カバー１８の両腕部２０，２１により二分割され、その両腕部２０，２１の外面２０ｂ，２１ｂとホルダ１の両把持面１３ａとが周方向Ｒで交互に並ぶ。第１２の発明では、保護カバー１８の両腕部２０，２１をホルダ１の両溝部１０，１１に嵌め込むことにより、使用可能状態Ｑでホルダ１の両把持面１３ａを保護カバー１８から露出させ易くするとともに周方向Ｒへ配設して容易に把持することができる。
In the twelfth invention premised on the invention of claim 1, the support portions of the protective cover 18 are spaced apart from each other and extended from the blade protection portion 19 of the protective cover 18 along the longitudinal direction X of the holder 1. The holder 1 is provided with groove portions 10 and 11 into which the arm portions 20 and 21 of the protective cover 18 are fitted, and the holding surface 13a of the holder 1 is the head of the holder 1 In the circumferential direction R with respect to the longitudinal direction X connecting the portion 2 and the buttocks 4, at least in the usable state Q, the protective cover 18 is divided into two by the arms 20 and 21, and the outer surfaces 20b of the arms 20 and 21 are divided into two. 21b and the holding surfaces 13a of the holder 1 are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction R. In the twelfth invention , the both gripping surfaces 13a of the holder 1 are exposed from the protective cover 18 in the usable state Q by fitting both the arm portions 20 and 21 of the protective cover 18 into the both groove portions 10 and 11 of the holder 1. It can be easily gripped by being arranged in the circumferential direction R.
第１２の発明を前提とする第１３の発明において、前記保護カバー１８の両腕部２０，２１の外面における周方向Ｒの両端縁部がなす円周角度αよりも、前記ホルダ１の両把持面１３ａにおける周方向Ｒの両端縁部がなす円周角度βを大きく設定した。第１３の発明では、使用可能状態Ｑで保護カバー１８から露出するホルダ１の把持面１３ａを広範囲に設定して容易に把持することができる。
In the thirteenth invention based on the twelfth invention , both grips of the holder 1 are more than a circumferential angle α formed by both edge portions in the circumferential direction R on the outer surfaces of both arms 20 and 21 of the protective cover 18. A circumferential angle β formed by both end edges of the surface 13a in the circumferential direction R was set large. In the thirteenth aspect, the gripping surface 13a of the holder 1 exposed from the protective cover 18 in the usable state Q can be easily set by setting it in a wide range.
第１２の発明または第１３の発明を前提とする第１４の発明において、前記保護カバー１８の両腕部２０，２１はそれらの自由端部２０ａ，２１ａ間の間隔を互いに広げ得る可撓性を有している。第１４の発明では、保護カバー１８の両腕部２０，２１を互いに広げてホルダ１の両溝部１０，１１に対し容易に嵌め込むことができ、各腕部２０，２１を各溝部１０，１１に組み付け易い。
In the fourteenth invention based on the twelfth invention or the thirteenth invention , the arms 20 and 21 of the protective cover 18 are flexible enough to increase the distance between the free ends 20a and 21a. Have. In the fourteenth invention , both arm portions 20 and 21 of the protective cover 18 can be expanded to be easily fitted into both groove portions 10 and 11 of the holder 1, and each arm portion 20 and 21 can be fitted into each groove portion 10 and 11. Easy to assemble.
第１４の発明を前提とする第１５の発明において、前記両腕部２０，２１の自由端部２０ａ，２１ａにはそれらの間隔の広がりを規制する規制部２２を設けている。第１５の発明では、保護カバー１８の両腕部２０，２１をホルダ１の両溝部１０，１１に嵌め込んだ状態で両溝部１０，１１の広がりを規制部２２により規制してホルダ１に対する保護カバー１８の移動操作を円滑に行うことができる。
In a fifteenth aspect based on the fourteenth aspect, the free end portions 20a and 21a of the both arm portions 20 and 21 are provided with a restricting portion 22 for restricting the spread of the space therebetween. In the fifteenth aspect of the invention , protection of the holder 1 is achieved by restricting the expansion of both the groove portions 10 and 11 by the restricting portion 22 in a state where the both arm portions 20 and 21 of the protective cover 18 are fitted in the both groove portions 10 and 11 of the holder 1 The moving operation of the cover 18 can be performed smoothly.
第１５の発明を前提とする第１６の発明において、前記保護カバー１８の両腕部２０，２１のうち一方の腕部２０が嵌め込まれる溝部１０と他方の腕部２１が嵌め込まれる溝部１１とはホルダ１の長手方向Ｘへ延設され、ホルダ１にはこれらの溝部１０，１１を互いに貫通する案内孔部１２を設け、この案内孔部１２に前記両腕部２０，２１の規制部２２を保護カバー１８の移動に伴い移動可能に嵌め込んだ。第１６の発明では、ホルダ１の案内孔部１２により両腕部２０，２１の規制部２２を収容してホルダ１に対する保護カバー１８の移動操作を円滑に行うことができる。
In the sixteenth invention based on the fifteenth invention , the groove portion 10 into which one arm portion 20 of both arm portions 20, 21 of the protective cover 18 is fitted and the groove portion 11 into which the other arm portion 21 is fitted. The holder 1 is extended in the longitudinal direction X, and the holder 1 is provided with a guide hole portion 12 that passes through the groove portions 10 and 11. The guide hole portion 12 is provided with the restricting portions 22 of the both arm portions 20 and 21. The protective cover 18 was movably fitted along with the movement. In the sixteenth invention , the restricting portions 22 of the both arm portions 20 and 21 are accommodated by the guide hole portion 12 of the holder 1 so that the operation of moving the protective cover 18 relative to the holder 1 can be performed smoothly.
第１２〜１６の発明のうちいずれか一つの発明を前提とする第１７の発明において、前記保護カバー１８の両腕部２０，２１のうち少なくとも一方の腕部２０の外面２０ａにはホルダ１の溝部１０から突出する指当部２３を設けている。第１７の発明では、保護カバー１８の指当部２３に指を当てがってホルダ１に対する保護カバー１８の移動操作を円滑に行うことができる。
In the seventeenth invention based on any one of the twelfth to sixteenth inventions , the outer surface 20a of at least one of the arm portions 20, 21 of the protective cover 18 is provided on the outer surface 20a of the holder 1. A finger holder 23 protruding from the groove 10 is provided. In the seventeenth aspect, the user can smoothly move the protective cover 18 relative to the holder 1 by placing a finger on the finger holder 23 of the protective cover 18.
第１７の発明を前提とする第１８の発明において、前記指当部２３を有する腕部２０は保護カバー１８の移動方向Ｘに対し交差する方向の両側のうち一方の側へ撓み得る弾性を有し、その腕部２０を前記ホルダ１の溝部１０に対し弾性力に抗して嵌め込む際に生じる復帰力が溝部１０の内面に向けて付与される。第１８の発明では、不使用状態Ｐ及び使用可能状態Ｑで、保護カバー１８の腕部２０の有する弾性により腕部２０を溝部１０の内面に圧接して保持することができる。
In an eighteenth aspect based on the seventeenth aspect, the arm portion 20 having the finger contact portion 23 has elasticity that can bend to one side of both sides in a direction intersecting the moving direction X of the protective cover 18. Then, a restoring force generated when the arm portion 20 is fitted into the groove portion 10 of the holder 1 against the elastic force is applied toward the inner surface of the groove portion 10. In the eighteenth aspect , in the non-use state P and the usable state Q, the arm portion 20 can be held in pressure contact with the inner surface of the groove portion 10 by the elasticity of the arm portion 20 of the protective cover 18.
第１８の発明を前提とする第１９の発明において、前記不使用状態Ｐで、保護カバー１８の腕部２０と溝部１０とには、その腕部２０の弾性力により係止されてホルダ１に対する保護カバー１８の移動を規制するとともにその腕部２０の弾性力に抗してその係止が解除されてホルダ１に対する保護カバー１８の移動を許容する係止部２０ａ，１４を設けている。例えば、一対の腕部２０，２１が嵌め込まれる溝部１０，１１のうち、指当部２３を有する一方の腕部２０が嵌め込まれる一方の溝部１０の内面には係止段部１４を設け、指当部２３を有する一方の腕部２０の軸線は他方の腕部２１の軸線に対し傾いて設けられて、指当部２３を有する一方の腕部２０を一方の溝部１０に対し弾性力に抗して嵌め込んだ際に生じる復帰力が溝部１０における係止段部１４側の内面に向けて付与される。第１９の発明では、不使用状態Ｐで、保護カバー１８の腕部２０の有する弾性により腕部２０を溝部１０に対し係脱して保持することができる。
In the nineteenth invention based on the eighteenth invention , in the non-use state P, the arm portion 20 and the groove portion 10 of the protective cover 18 are locked by the elastic force of the arm portion 20 to the holder 1. Locking portions 20 a and 14 are provided that restrict the movement of the protective cover 18 and release the locking against the elastic force of the arm portion 20 to allow the movement of the protective cover 18 relative to the holder 1. For example, among the groove portions 10 and 11 into which the pair of arm portions 20 and 21 are fitted, the locking step portion 14 is provided on the inner surface of the one groove portion 10 into which the one arm portion 20 having the finger contact portion 23 is fitted. The axis of one arm portion 20 having the abutment portion 23 is inclined with respect to the axis line of the other arm portion 21, and the one arm portion 20 having the finger abutment portion 23 resists elastic force against the one groove portion 10. Thus, the restoring force generated when the fitting is inserted is applied toward the inner surface of the groove 10 on the side of the locking step 14. In the nineteenth invention , in the non-use state P, the arm portion 20 can be engaged with and disengaged from the groove portion 10 by the elasticity of the arm portion 20 of the protective cover 18.
第１２〜１９の発明のうちいずれか一つの発明を前提とする第２０の発明において、前記不使用状態Ｐと使用可能状態Ｑとでそれぞれ保護カバー１８の両腕部２０，２１のうち少なくとも一方をホルダ１に対し保持解除可能に保持する保持部２０ａ，１４，２２，１２，１５，１６，２４を設けている。第２０の発明では、不使用状態Ｐ及び使用可能状態Ｑで保護カバー１８をホルダ１に保持することができる。
In the twentieth invention based on any one of the twelfth to nineteenth inventions , at least one of the arms 20 and 21 of the protective cover 18 in the non-use state P and the usable state Q, respectively. The holders 20a, 14, 22, 12, 15, 16, 24 are provided to hold the holder 1 so that the holder 1 can be released. In the twentieth invention , the protective cover 18 can be held on the holder 1 in the non-use state P and the usable state Q.
請求項１から請求項５の発明のうちいずれか一つの請求項の発明、または第６〜２０の発明のうちいずれか一つの発明を前提とする第２１の発明において、前記保護カバー１８の刃体保護部１９は、ホルダ１の頭部２の頭端部２ａに対し前記不使用状態Ｐでホルダ１の長手方向Ｘへ並び、前記使用可能状態Ｑでホルダ１の頭部２の頭端部２ａの外周に嵌め込まれる。第２１の発明では、不使用状態Ｐで刃体７に被せた保護カバー１８の刃体保護部１９を使用可能状態Ｑで刃体７から退避させることができる。
The blade of the protective cover 18 according to any one of the inventions of claims 1 to 5 , or a twenty-first invention based on any one of the inventions of the sixth to twentieth inventions. The body protector 19 is aligned in the longitudinal direction X of the holder 1 in the non-use state P with respect to the head end 2a of the head 2 of the holder 1, and the head end of the head 2 of the holder 1 in the usable state Q 2a is inserted into the outer periphery. In the twenty-first aspect, the blade protection unit 19 of the protective cover 18 covered on the blade 7 in the non-use state P can be retracted from the blade 7 in the usable state Q.
請求項１から請求項５の発明のうちいずれか一つの請求項の発明、または第６〜２１の発明のうちいずれか一つの発明を前提とする第２２の発明において、前記支持部２０，２１の外面２０ｂ，２１ｂは、使用可能状態Ｑで前記ホルダ１の把持面１３ａに対し面一か、または、その把持面１３ａよりも内側に凹んでいる。第２２の発明では、使用可能状態Ｑでホルダ１の把持面１３ａを保護カバー１８から露出させ易くして容易に把持することができる。
In the invention of any one of the inventions of claims 1 to 5 or the twenty-second invention premised on any one of the inventions of the sixth to 21st inventions , the support portions 20, 21 The outer surfaces 20b, 21b are flush with the gripping surface 13a of the holder 1 in the usable state Q, or are recessed inward of the gripping surface 13a. According to the twenty-second aspect, the gripping surface 13a of the holder 1 can be easily exposed from the protective cover 18 and can be easily gripped in the usable state Q.
請求項１から請求項５の発明のうちいずれか一つの請求項の発明、または第６〜２２の発明のうちいずれか一つの発明を前提とする第２３の発明において、前記保護カバー１８において刃体保護部１９と支持部２０，２１とは一体成形されている。第２３の発明では、保護カバー１８を容易に成形することができるとともに、保護カバー１８の部品点数を減らして安価にすることができる。
In the invention of any one of the inventions of claims 1 to 5 or the 23rd invention based on any one of the inventions of the sixth to 22nd inventions , the protective cover 18 has a blade. The body protection part 19 and the support parts 20 and 21 are integrally formed. In the twenty-third aspect , the protective cover 18 can be easily formed, and the number of parts of the protective cover 18 can be reduced and the cost can be reduced.
請求項１から請求項５の発明のうちいずれか一つの請求項の発明、または第６〜２３の発明のうちいずれか一つの発明を前提とする第２４の発明において、前記保護カバー１８はホルダ１の頭部２側に対し摺接状態で移動可能に支持されている。第２４の発明では、保護カバー１８をホルダ１に対しがたつきの少ない簡単な構成で移動可能に支持することができる。
In the invention of any one of claims 1 to 5 or the 24th invention based on any one of the inventions of the sixth to 23rd inventions , the protective cover 18 is a holder. 1 is slidably supported with respect to the head 2 side. In the twenty-fourth invention , the protective cover 18 can be movably supported with a simple configuration with little backlash relative to the holder 1.
本発明は、ホルダ１の頭部２側に対し移動可能に支持された保護カバー１８が刃体７に被せられる不使用状態Ｐと刃体７を露出させる使用可能状態Ｑとを取り得る保護カバー付き医療用刃物において、使用可能状態Ｑで保護カバー１８から露出するホルダ１の把持面１３ａを直接把持することができるので、ホルダ１を安定性良く把持して使用感を良くすることができる。
In the present invention, the protective cover 18 movably supported with respect to the head 2 side of the holder 1 can take a non-use state P in which the blade body 7 is covered and a usable state Q in which the blade body 7 is exposed. In the attached medical blade, the gripping surface 13a of the holder 1 exposed from the protective cover 18 can be directly gripped in the usable state Q, so that the holder 1 can be gripped with good stability and the usability can be improved.
まず、本発明の第１実施形態にかかる保護カバー付き医療用刃物について図１〜５を参照して説明する。
図１（ａ）に示す医療用刃物におけるホルダ１は、頭部２から中間部３を経て尻部４にわたり長手方向（前後方向Ｘ）へ延びる細長い棒状をなし、尻部４と中間部３との間の柄部５と、頭部２の頭端部２ａと中間部３との間の取付部６とに区画されている。このホルダ１の柄部５及び取付部６はプラスチックにより一体成形されている。頭部２はその頭端部２ａに挿着された金属製の刃体７を備えている。この取付部６は、頭端部２ａから長手方向（前後方向Ｘ）へ延びる退避部８と、この退避部８と中間部３との間の把持部９とに区画されている。
First, a medical knife with a protective cover according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
The holder 1 in the medical knife shown in FIG. 1 (a) has an elongated rod shape extending in the longitudinal direction (front-rear direction X) from the head 2 through the intermediate part 3 to the bottom part 4, and the bottom part 4 and the intermediate part 3 Between the head portion 2 and the attachment portion 6 between the head end portion 2 a and the intermediate portion 3. The handle portion 5 and the attachment portion 6 of the holder 1 are integrally formed of plastic. The head 2 includes a metal blade 7 that is inserted into the head end 2a. The attachment portion 6 is partitioned into a retracting portion 8 extending in the longitudinal direction (front-rear direction X) from the head end portion 2 a and a gripping portion 9 between the retracting portion 8 and the intermediate portion 3.
前記取付部６の退避部８及び把持部９において前後方向Ｘに対し直交する上下方向Ｚの両側にはそれぞれ、図１（ｂ）に示すように頭端部２ａから中間部３にわたり溝部１０，１１が形成されている。上側溝部１０と下側溝部１１とは退避部８と把持部９との間で前後方向Ｘへ互いに連続している。この把持部９における上側溝部１０と下側溝部１１とは案内孔部１２で互いに貫通されている。この案内孔部１２は、上側溝部１０の一部と下側溝部１１の一部とで上下方向Ｚへ開放され、前後方向Ｘで相対向する前後両面と、前後方向Ｘ及び上下方向Ｚに対し直交する左右方向Ｙで相対向する左右両面とで囲まれている。
In the retracting portion 8 and the gripping portion 9 of the mounting portion 6, grooves 10, extending from the head end portion 2 a to the intermediate portion 3, as shown in FIG. 11 is formed. The upper groove portion 10 and the lower groove portion 11 are continuous with each other in the front-rear direction X between the retracting portion 8 and the grip portion 9. The upper groove portion 10 and the lower groove portion 11 in the grip portion 9 are penetrated through the guide hole portion 12. The guide hole portion 12 is opened in the vertical direction Z by a part of the upper groove portion 10 and a part of the lower groove portion 11, and the front and rear surfaces facing each other in the front-rear direction X, the front-rear direction X, and the vertical direction Z On the other hand, it is surrounded by the left and right surfaces facing each other in the right and left direction Y perpendicular to each other.
前記把持部９は上側溝部１０と下側溝部１１とで左右両側の指当部１３に区画されている。左右両指当部１３の外側には凹凸状の把持面１３ａが形成されている。前記案内孔部１２の前内面寄りで上側溝部１０の右縁には係止段部１４（係止部、保持部）が形成されている。図３（ｃ）及び図５（ｃ）に示すようにこの案内孔部１２で下側溝部１１の左縁（係止段部１４が形成された右縁に対する反対側）の前後両側には係止凹部１５，１６（保持部）が形成されている。前記柄部５の尻部４には上下方向Ｚに沿った端面を有する端壁部が形成され、その端壁部の下側にはころがり防止用の平坦な載置部１７が形成されている。
The grip portion 9 is divided into left and right finger contact portions 13 by an upper groove portion 10 and a lower groove portion 11. An uneven gripping surface 13 a is formed outside the left and right finger holders 13. A locking step 14 (locking portion, holding portion) is formed on the right edge of the upper groove portion 10 near the front inner surface of the guide hole portion 12. As shown in FIGS. 3 (c) and 5 (c), the guide hole 12 is engaged on both front and rear sides of the left edge of the lower groove 11 (opposite to the right edge where the locking step 14 is formed). Stop recesses 15 and 16 (holding portions) are formed. An end wall portion having an end surface along the vertical direction Z is formed on the bottom portion 4 of the handle portion 5, and a flat placement portion 17 for preventing rolling is formed below the end wall portion. .
図１（ａ）に示す医療用刃物における保護カバー１８は、ホルダ１の長手方向（前後方向Ｘ）へ貫通された筒状の刃体保護部１９と、この刃体保護部１９の上下両側からホルダ１の尻部４側へ向けてホルダ１の長手方向（前後方向Ｘ）へ片持ち梁状に延設された一対の腕部２０，２１（支持部）とを備えている。この保護カバー１８の刃体保護部１９及び腕部２０，２１は透明または半透明のプラスチックにより一体成形されている。この両腕部２０，２１における前後方向Ｘの長さ（約４３ｍｍ）は、保護カバー１８全体における前後方向Ｘの長さ（約６０ｍｍ）の半分以上に設定されている。この刃体保護部１９と上下両腕部２０，２１との境界部付近における厚みが薄く形成されているため、上下両腕部２０，２１の自由端部２０ａ，２１ａは上下方向Ｚに弾性的に撓み得る可撓性を有し、それらの自由端部２０ａ，２１ａの間隔を上下方向Ｚへ互いに広げ得る。上下両腕部２０，２１は左右方向Ｙに弾性的に撓み得る可撓性も有している。上側腕部２０においては前後方向Ｘの中間部と刃体保護部１９との間の前側部と、その中間部と自由端部２０ａとの間の後側部とのうち、後側部で左右方向Ｙの幅が小さく形成され、上側腕部２０の後側部の軸線は下側腕部２１の軸線に対し真上にはなく左右方向Ｙで右側（ホルダ１において係止段部１４を有する上側溝部１０の右縁側）へ若干傾いている。上側腕部２０の自由端部２０ａと下側腕部２１の自由端部２１ａとには鉤状の規制部２２が上下方向Ｚで相対向して突設され、上側腕部２０の後側部の軸線の傾きによりそれらの規制部２２による規制が解除されている。上側腕部２０の自由端部２０ａ上には指当部２３が形成されている。図４（ｃ）に示すようにこの指当部２３上の指当面２３ａは左右方向Ｙに対し上下方向Ｚへ傾いている。下側腕部２１の自由端部２１ａの左側（ホルダ１において係止段部１４を有する上側溝部１０の右縁に対する反対側）には係止凸部２４（保持部）が形成されている。
The protective cover 18 in the medical blade shown in FIG. 1A includes a cylindrical blade body protection portion 19 that penetrates the holder 1 in the longitudinal direction (front-rear direction X), and both upper and lower sides of the blade body protection portion 19. A pair of arm portions 20 and 21 (support portions) extending in a cantilever shape in the longitudinal direction (front-rear direction X) of the holder 1 toward the bottom portion 4 side of the holder 1 are provided. The blade protection part 19 and the arm parts 20 and 21 of the protective cover 18 are integrally formed of transparent or translucent plastic. The length of the arms 20 and 21 in the front-rear direction X (about 43 mm) is set to be more than half of the length of the entire protective cover 18 in the front-rear direction X (about 60 mm). Since the thickness near the boundary between the blade protection unit 19 and the upper and lower arms 20 and 21 is thin, the free ends 20a and 21a of the upper and lower arms 20 and 21 are elastic in the vertical direction Z. The space between the free ends 20a and 21a can be expanded in the vertical direction Z. The upper and lower arms 20 and 21 are also flexible enough to bend elastically in the left-right direction Y. In the upper arm portion 20, the left and right sides of the front side portion between the intermediate portion in the front-rear direction X and the blade protection portion 19 and the rear side portion between the intermediate portion and the free end portion 20 a are left and right. The width in the direction Y is small, and the axis of the rear side of the upper arm 20 is not directly above the axis of the lower arm 21 and is on the right in the left-right direction Y (having the locking step 14 in the holder 1). It is slightly inclined toward the right edge side of the upper groove portion 10. A saddle-like restricting portion 22 is provided in a protruding manner in the vertical direction Z on the free end portion 20 a of the upper arm portion 20 and the free end portion 21 a of the lower arm portion 21, and the rear side portion of the upper arm portion 20. The restriction by those restricting portions 22 is released by the inclination of the axis. On the free end portion 20a of the upper arm portion 20, a finger holding portion 23 is formed. As shown in FIG. 4C, the finger contact surface 23 a on the finger contact portion 23 is inclined in the vertical direction Z with respect to the horizontal direction Y. On the left side of the free end portion 21a of the lower arm portion 21 (on the opposite side to the right edge of the upper groove portion 10 having the locking step portion 14 in the holder 1), a locking convex portion 24 (holding portion) is formed. .
前記保護カバー１８を前記ホルダ１の取付部６に取り付ける際には、図１（ｃ）に示すように上下両腕部２０，２１の自由端部２０ａ，２１ａをそれらの弾性力に抗して上下方向Ｚへ互いに広げ、それらの自由端部２０ａ，２１ａ間に取付部６を挿入するとともに、刃体７を刃体保護部１９に挿入して、上側腕部２０の後側部の軸線が下側腕部２１の軸線に対し真上になるように上側腕部２０を弾性力に抗して撓ませた状態で、図２（ａ）及び図４（ａ）に示すように上下両腕部２０，２１を取付部６の上下両溝部１０，１１に嵌め込むとともに、図３（ａ）及び図５（ａ）に示すように上下両腕部２０，２１の規制部２２を案内孔部１２に嵌め込む。上側腕部２０の規制部２２の後面と下側腕部２１の規制部２２の前面とがそれぞれ傾斜しているため、上下両腕部２０，２１の自由端部２０ａ，２１ａがそれらの弾性力により互いに狭まった際に、その後面と前面とが互いに当接して、上下両腕部２０，２１の規制部２２が円滑に係止される。その係止により上下両腕部２０，２１は上下方向Ｚへ互いに広がるのを規制される。上側腕部２０は復帰力により上側溝部１０の右内面（ホルダ１において係止段部１４を有する上側溝部１０の右縁側）に圧接される。上下両腕部２０，２１の外面２０ｂ，２１ｂは、上下両溝部１０，１１内に収容され、把持部９の左右両指当部１３の把持面１３ａに対し面一か、または、その把持面１３ａよりも内側に凹んでいる。上側腕部２０の指当部２３は上側溝部１０の上方へ突出している。
When the protective cover 18 is attached to the attachment portion 6 of the holder 1, the free ends 20a and 21a of the upper and lower arms 20 and 21 are resisted against their elastic force as shown in FIG. While extending in the vertical direction Z, the attachment portion 6 is inserted between the free ends 20a and 21a, the blade body 7 is inserted into the blade protection portion 19, and the axis of the rear side portion of the upper arm portion 20 is The upper and lower arms as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 4 (a) in a state where the upper arm 20 is bent against the elastic force so as to be directly above the axis of the lower arm 21. The portions 20 and 21 are fitted into the upper and lower groove portions 10 and 11 of the mounting portion 6 and the restricting portions 22 of the upper and lower arm portions 20 and 21 are guided through the guide hole portions as shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 5 (a). 12 is inserted. Since the rear surface of the restricting portion 22 of the upper arm portion 20 and the front surface of the restricting portion 22 of the lower arm portion 21 are inclined, the free ends 20a and 21a of the upper and lower arm portions 20 and 21 have their elastic force. As a result, the rear surface and the front surface come into contact with each other, and the restriction portions 22 of the upper and lower arms 20 and 21 are smoothly locked. The upper and lower arms 20 and 21 are restricted from spreading in the vertical direction Z by the locking. The upper arm portion 20 is pressed against the right inner surface of the upper groove portion 10 (the right edge side of the upper groove portion 10 having the locking step portion 14 in the holder 1) by a restoring force. The outer surfaces 20b and 21b of the upper and lower arms 20 and 21 are accommodated in the upper and lower grooves 10 and 11, and are flush with the gripping surfaces 13a of the left and right finger-holding portions 13 of the gripping portion 9, or the gripping surfaces thereof. It is recessed inward from 13a. The finger holding part 23 of the upper arm part 20 protrudes above the upper groove part 10.
図２（ａ）（ｂ）に示すような不使用時の保護カバー１８においては、図３（ａ）に示すように上側溝部１０に嵌め込まれた上側腕部２０で規制部２２の前側（保持部）が案内孔部１２の前内面（保持部）に当接するとともに、図３（ｂ）に示すように上側腕部２０の自由端部２０ａ（係止部、保持部）が上側腕部２０の復帰力により上側溝部１０の係止段部１４（係止部、保持部）に係止され、図３（ｃ）に示すように下側溝部１１に嵌め込まれた下側腕部２１で規制部２２の係止凸部２４（保持部）が下側溝部１１の前側の係止凹部１５（保持部）に係止される。下側腕部２１の係止凸部２４が係止凹部１５に係止された状態で、下側溝部１１には係止凸部２４が係止凹部１５から離脱し得るように下側腕部２１の自由端部２１ａが移動し得るだけの移動許容空間を残している。上側溝部１０の係止段部１４において案内孔部１２における左右方向Ｙの幅は、上側腕部２０の規制部２２における左右方向Ｙの幅と下側腕部２１の規制部２２における左右方向Ｙの幅との和よりも小さく設定されているため、上側腕部２０の自由端部２０ａが上側溝部１０の係止段部１４に係止されても、上下両腕部２０，２１の規制部２２が係止されたままとなって、上下両腕部２０，２１が上下方向Ｚへ互いに広がるのを規制される。従って、保護カバー１８はホルダ１に対し前後方向Ｘ及び左右方向Ｙの移動が規制される。このような不使用状態Ｐでは、保護カバー１８における刃体保護部１９が、上下両腕部２０，２１とともに移動し、刃体７の外周に被せられるとともに頭端部２ａに対しホルダ１の長手方向（前後方向Ｘ）へ並ぶ。この刃体保護部１９の前端部には刃体７の形態に合わせて外側上方へ膨らむ膨出部１９ａが形成されている。この刃体保護部１９で膨出部１９ａ以外の部分の外径は約８．４ｍｍになっている。
In the protective cover 18 when not in use as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), as shown in FIG. 3 (a), the upper arm portion 20 fitted in the upper groove portion 10 has a front side ( The holding portion abuts against the front inner surface (holding portion) of the guide hole portion 12, and the free end portion 20a (locking portion, holding portion) of the upper arm portion 20 is the upper arm portion as shown in FIG. The lower arm portion 21 that is locked to the locking step portion 14 (locking portion, holding portion) of the upper groove portion 10 by the restoring force 20 and is fitted into the lower groove portion 11 as shown in FIG. Thus, the locking projection 24 (holding portion) of the restricting portion 22 is locked to the locking recess 15 (holding portion) on the front side of the lower groove portion 11. In a state where the locking projection 24 of the lower arm portion 21 is locked to the locking recess 15, the lower arm portion so that the locking projection 24 can be detached from the locking recess 15 in the lower groove portion 11. The movement-permissible space that allows the free end 21a of 21 to move is left. The width of the guide hole 12 in the locking step 14 of the upper groove 10 in the left-right direction Y is such that the width in the left-right direction Y of the restricting portion 22 of the upper arm 20 and the width of the restricting portion 22 of the lower arm 21. Since it is set smaller than the sum of the width of Y, even if the free end portion 20a of the upper arm portion 20 is locked to the locking step portion 14 of the upper groove portion 10, the upper and lower arm portions 20, 21 The restricting portion 22 remains locked, and the upper and lower arms 20 and 21 are restricted from spreading in the vertical direction Z. Accordingly, the protection cover 18 is restricted from moving in the front-rear direction X and the left-right direction Y with respect to the holder 1. In such a non-use state P, the blade body protection portion 19 in the protective cover 18 moves together with the upper and lower arms 20 and 21 and is placed on the outer periphery of the blade body 7 and the length of the holder 1 relative to the head end portion 2a. Line up in the direction (front-rear direction X). A bulging portion 19 a that bulges outward and upward is formed in accordance with the shape of the blade body 7 at the front end portion of the blade body protection portion 19. The outer diameter of the blade body protecting portion 19 other than the bulging portion 19a is about 8.4 mm.
図４（ａ）（ｂ）に示すように使用時には前記不使用状態Ｐにある保護カバー１８において上側腕部２０の指当部２３に対し左右方向Ｙへ力を加えた後に尻部４側へ力を加えると、下側腕部２１の係止凸部２４が下側溝部１１の前側の係止凹部１５から離脱し、図５（ａ）（ｂ）に示すように、上側腕部２０の自由端部２０ａ（係止部、保持部）が上側腕部２０の弾性力に抗して上側溝部１０の係止段部１４（係止部、保持部）から係止解除されて案内孔部１２の後内面（保持部）に当接するとともに、上側腕部２０の復帰力により案内孔部１２の右内面（保持部）に圧接され、図５（ｃ）に示すように下側腕部２１の規制部２２の係止凸部２４（保持部）が下側溝部１１の後側の係止凹部１６（保持部）に係止される。下側腕部２１の係止凸部２４が係止凹部１６に係止された状態で、下側溝部１１には係止凸部２４が係止凹部１６から離脱し得るように下側腕部２１の自由端部２１ａが移動し得るだけの移動許容空間を残している。このような使用可能状態Ｑでは、保護カバー１８における刃体保護部１９が、上下両腕部２０，２１とともに移動して刃体７から退避し、刃体７を露出させるとともに頭端部２ａから退避部８の外周に摺接状態で嵌め込まれる。この使用可能状態Ｑにおいて刃体７と尻部４との間の全長は約１４０ｍｍになっている。
As shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), when the protective cover 18 is in the non-use state P during use, a force is applied in the left-right direction Y to the finger contact portion 23 of the upper arm portion 20, and then toward the hip 4 side. When force is applied, the locking projection 24 of the lower arm portion 21 is detached from the locking recess 15 on the front side of the lower groove portion 11, and as shown in FIGS. The free end portion 20a (locking portion, holding portion) is unlocked from the locking step portion 14 (locking portion, holding portion) of the upper groove portion 10 against the elastic force of the upper arm portion 20, and the guide hole 5 abuts against the rear inner surface (holding portion) of the portion 12 and is brought into pressure contact with the right inner surface (holding portion) of the guide hole portion 12 by the restoring force of the upper arm portion 20, and the lower arm portion as shown in FIG. The locking projection 24 (holding portion) of the regulation portion 22 is locked to the locking recess 16 (holding portion) on the rear side of the lower groove portion 11. In a state where the locking projection 24 of the lower arm portion 21 is locked to the locking recess 16, the lower arm portion so that the locking projection 24 can be detached from the locking recess 16 in the lower groove portion 11. The movement-permissible space that allows the free end 21a of 21 to move is left. In such a usable state Q, the blade body protection portion 19 in the protective cover 18 moves together with the upper and lower arms 20 and 21 to retract from the blade body 7 to expose the blade body 7 and from the head end 2a. The sliding part 8 is fitted in a sliding contact state on the outer periphery. In this usable state Q, the total length between the blade body 7 and the buttocks 4 is about 140 mm.
また、図４（ｃ）に示すように、前記ホルダ１の両把持面１３ａにおける周方向Ｒの両端縁部がなす円周角度βは、前記保護カバー１８の両腕部２０，２１の外面２０ｂ，２１ｂにおける周方向Ｒの両端縁部がなす円周角度αよりも大きく設定されている。この両腕部２０，２１の外面２０ｂ，２１ｂにおける円周角度αはそれぞれ約３５度に設定され、この両把持面１３ａにおける円周角度βはそれぞれ約１４５度に設定されているが、この両円周角度αはそれぞれ約１０〜６０度に設定することが好ましく、この両円周角度βはそれぞれ約１２０〜１７０度に設定することが好ましい。また、この両円周角度αの和は全周角度（３６０度）に対する３分の１以下に設定することが好ましい。
Further, as shown in FIG. 4C, the circumferential angle β formed by both edge portions in the circumferential direction R on both gripping surfaces 13a of the holder 1 is the outer surface 20b of both arms 20 and 21 of the protective cover 18. , 21b is set to be larger than a circumferential angle α formed by both end edges in the circumferential direction R. The circumferential angles α of the outer surfaces 20b and 21b of the arms 20 and 21 are respectively set to about 35 degrees, and the circumferential angles β of the both holding faces 13a are respectively set to about 145 degrees. Each of the circumferential angles α is preferably set to about 10 to 60 degrees, and both the circumferential angles β are preferably set to about 120 to 170 degrees, respectively. Moreover, it is preferable to set the sum of the two circumferential angles α to 1/3 or less of the total circumferential angle (360 degrees).
図４（ａ）（ｂ）に示す使用可能状態Ｑにある保護カバー１８において上側腕部２０の指当部２３に対し頭部２側へ力を加えると、下側腕部２１の係止凸部２４が下側溝部１１の後側の係止凹部１６から離脱し、図２（ａ）（ｂ）に示す不使用状態Ｐにすることができる。その場合、前述したように、上側腕部２０の自由端部２０ａが上側腕部２０の復帰力により上側溝部１０の係止段部１４に係止される。
When force is applied to the head 2 side of the finger cover 23 of the upper arm 20 in the protective cover 18 in the usable state Q shown in FIGS. The part 24 can be detached from the locking recess 16 on the rear side of the lower groove part 11, and the unused state P shown in FIGS. In that case, as described above, the free end portion 20 a of the upper arm portion 20 is locked to the locking step portion 14 of the upper groove portion 10 by the restoring force of the upper arm portion 20.
なお、図６に示す第２実施形態や図７に示す第３実施形態にかかる保護カバー付き医療用刃物は、第１実施形態と比較して形態を変更し、特にホルダ１の尻部４における平坦な載置部１７の形態を変更している。図６に示す尻部４では、端面が左右方向Ｙへ広がりながら湾曲して傾いて平坦な載置部１７に連続するとともに、柄部５の下面もその端面に沿って湾曲して平坦な載置部１７に連続し、平坦な載置部１７の延長面と柄部５の下面との間に隙間が生じる。図７に示す尻部４では、端面が傾いた三角形状をなして平坦な載置部１７に連続し、平坦な載置部１７が柄部５の下面と面一で連続している。
In addition, the medical blade with a protective cover according to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 6 or the third embodiment shown in FIG. 7 is changed in form as compared with the first embodiment, and particularly in the bottom portion 4 of the holder 1. The form of the flat mounting part 17 is changed. 6, the end surface is curved and inclined while spreading in the left-right direction Y and continues to the flat mounting portion 17, and the lower surface of the handle portion 5 is also curved and flatly mounted along the end surface. A gap is formed between the extended surface of the flat placement portion 17 and the lower surface of the handle portion 5, which is continuous with the placement portion 17. In the bottom part 4 shown in FIG. 7, the end face is formed in a triangular shape that is continuous with the flat mounting part 17, and the flat mounting part 17 is continuous with the lower surface of the handle part 5.
本実施形態は下記の効果を有する。
＊ 使用可能状態Ｑで保護カバー１８から露出するホルダ１の把持面１３ａを直接把持することができるので、ホルダ１の頭部２と保護カバー１８との間にがたつきが生じていても、ホルダ１を安定性良く把持して使用することができる。従って、使用感を良くすることができ、特に、眼科用メスや脳外科用メスなどによる顕微鏡下での手術が行い易くなる。
This embodiment has the following effects.
* Since the gripping surface 13a of the holder 1 exposed from the protective cover 18 can be directly gripped in the usable state Q, even if rattling occurs between the head 2 of the holder 1 and the protective cover 18, The holder 1 can be gripped and used with good stability. Accordingly, it is possible to improve the feeling of use, and in particular, it becomes easy to perform an operation under a microscope with an ophthalmic knife or a brain surgical knife.
＊ 刃体７を保護し得る刃体保護部１９から延設した両腕部２０，２１により、ホルダ１の頭部２側に対し保護カバー１８を移動可能に支持することができるばかりでなく、両腕部２０，２１の外面２０ｂ，２１ｂ間でホルダ１の把持面１３ａを露出させてその両外面２０ｂ，２１ｂと両把持面１３ａとをホルダ１の周方向Ｒへ交互に並べることができる。従って、使用可能状態Ｑでホルダ１の周方向Ｒへ両把持面１３ａを配設して容易に把持することができる。
* Not only can the arm cover 20 and 21 extending from the blade protection unit 19 capable of protecting the blade body 7 support the protective cover 18 movably on the head 2 side of the holder 1, The gripping surface 13a of the holder 1 can be exposed between the outer surfaces 20b, 21b of the both arms 20, 21, and the outer surfaces 20b, 21b and the gripping surfaces 13a can be alternately arranged in the circumferential direction R of the holder 1. Accordingly, both gripping surfaces 13a can be disposed in the circumferential direction R of the holder 1 in the usable state Q and can be easily gripped.
＊ 使用可能状態Ｑで保護カバー１８から露出するホルダ１の把持面１３ａを広範囲に設定して容易に把持することができる。
＊ 保護カバー１８の両腕部２０，２１をホルダ１の両溝部１０，１１に嵌め込むことにより、使用可能状態Ｑでホルダ１の両把持面１３ａを保護カバー１８から露出させ易くするとともに周方向Ｒへ配設して容易に把持することができる。また、両腕部２０，２１を両溝部１０，１１に沿って案内して安定性良く移動させることができる。
* The gripping surface 13a of the holder 1 exposed from the protective cover 18 in the usable state Q can be easily set by setting it in a wide range.
* By fitting both arms 20 and 21 of the protective cover 18 into both grooves 10 and 11 of the holder 1, it is easy to expose both gripping surfaces 13a of the holder 1 from the protective cover 18 in the usable state Q, and in the circumferential direction. It can be easily gripped by being placed on R. Moreover, both arm parts 20 and 21 can be guided along both groove parts 10 and 11, and can be moved with sufficient stability.
＊ 保護カバー１８の両腕部２０，２１は、それらの自由端部２０ａ，２１ａ間の間隔を互いに広げ得る可撓性を持たせた簡単な構成になっているとともに、組み付け後に上下方向Ｚへ互いに広がるのを規制部２２により規制されるので、保護カバー１８の両腕部２０，２１を互いに広げてホルダ１の両溝部１０，１１に対し容易に嵌め込むことができ、両腕部２０，２１を両溝部１０，１１に組み付け易く、しかも組み付け後に保護カバー１８がホルダ１から分離せず、保護カバー１８を紛失することがない。
* Both arm parts 20 and 21 of the protective cover 18 have a simple structure with flexibility that can widen the distance between the free end parts 20a and 21a, and in the vertical direction Z after assembly. Since it is restricted by the restricting portion 22 from spreading to each other, both the arm portions 20 and 21 of the protective cover 18 can be widened and easily fitted into the both groove portions 10 and 11 of the holder 1. 21 is easy to assemble in both the groove portions 10, 11, and the protective cover 18 is not separated from the holder 1 after the assembly, and the protective cover 18 is not lost.
前記実施形態以外にも例えば下記のように構成してもよい。
・ 前記実施形態では、保護カバー１８において一対の腕部２０，２１が刃体保護部１９から延設されているとともに、ホルダ１においてその腕部２０，２１が嵌め込まれる一対の溝部１０，１１が形成されているが、その腕部や溝部をそれぞれ一つまたは三つ以上設けてもよい。この腕部が一つの場合、その腕部の外面における円周角度は全周角度（３６０度）に対する３分の１以下に設定することが好ましい。この腕部が三つ以上の場合、その各腕部の外面における円周角度の和は全周角度（３６０度）に対する３分の１以下に設定することが好ましい。
For example, the following embodiment may be configured as follows.
In the embodiment, the pair of arm portions 20 and 21 are extended from the blade body protection portion 19 in the protective cover 18, and the pair of groove portions 10 and 11 into which the arm portions 20 and 21 are fitted in the holder 1 Although formed, one or three or more of the arms and grooves may be provided. When the number of the arm portions is one, the circumferential angle on the outer surface of the arm portion is preferably set to 1/3 or less of the total circumferential angle (360 degrees). When there are three or more arm portions, it is preferable that the sum of the circumferential angles on the outer surface of each arm portion is set to one third or less of the total circumferential angle (360 degrees).
・ 前記実施形態では、図１（ａ）に示すように保護カバー１８をホルダ１から分離した状態で左右方向Ｙへずれた両腕部２０，２１の規制部２２の係止が解除されているが、この状態でもそれらの規制部２２が互いに係止されていてもよい。
In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1A, the locking of the restricting portions 22 of both the arm portions 20 and 21 shifted in the left-right direction Y with the protective cover 18 separated from the holder 1 is released. However, even in this state, the restricting portions 22 may be locked to each other.
・ 前記実施形態では、図４（ｃ）に示すようにホルダ１における両指当部１３の把持面１３ａと保護カバー１８における両腕部２０，２１の外面２０ｂ，２１ｂとを互いに連続させた外周面の形状を円形にしたが、その外周面の形状を楕円形にしたり四角形や六角形などの多角形にしたりしてもよい。
In the above-described embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4C, the outer periphery in which the gripping surface 13a of the two finger holders 13 in the holder 1 and the outer surfaces 20b and 21b of the both arm portions 20 and 21 of the protective cover 18 are made continuous with each other. Although the shape of the surface is circular, the shape of the outer peripheral surface may be elliptical or a polygon such as a quadrangle or hexagon.
・ 前記実施形態では、保護カバー１８において上下両腕部２０，２１が刃体保護部１９から一体に延設されているが、その腕部と刃体保護部とを互いに分離して設けて組み付けてもよい。
In the embodiment, the upper and lower arms 20 and 21 are integrally extended from the blade body protection part 19 in the protective cover 18, but the arm part and the blade body protection part are provided separately and assembled. May be.
・ 前記実施形態では、刃体７を頭端部２ａに挿着したが、刃体７を頭端部２ａに対し着脱可能に挿着して交換可能にしてもよい。また、刃体７の形態を前記実施形態以外の形態に変更してもよい。
In the above-described embodiment, the blade body 7 is inserted into the head end portion 2a. However, the blade body 7 may be detachably inserted into the head end portion 2a to be exchangeable. Moreover, you may change the form of the blade body 7 into forms other than the said embodiment.
・ 前記実施形態では、ホルダ１の柄部５及び取付部６や保護カバー１８をプラスチックにより一体成形したが、それらを金属により成形してもよい。
・ 前記実施形態で例示したホルダ１や保護カバー１８においてそれらの各種寸法及び形態を変更してもよい。
In the above embodiment, the handle 5 and the mounting portion 6 of the holder 1 and the protective cover 18 are integrally formed of plastic, but they may be formed of metal.
-You may change those various dimensions and forms in the holder 1 and the protective cover 18 which were illustrated by the said embodiment.
・ 前記実施形態では、保護カバー１８の刃体保護部１９が筒状に形成されているが、刃体保護部に切欠きや貫通孔を形成したり、刃体保護部の下側の長手方向全体に切込みを形成したりして、刃体保護部の断面形状を変更してもよい。
-In the said embodiment, although the blade body protection part 19 of the protective cover 18 is formed in the cylinder shape, a notch and a through-hole are formed in a blade body protection part, or the longitudinal direction below a blade body protection part The cross-sectional shape of the blade protection unit may be changed by forming a cut in the whole.
・ 前記実施形態では、保護カバー１８において一対の腕部２０，２１のうち一方の腕部２０のみに指当部２３を設けたが、他方の腕部のみに指当部を設けたり、一対の腕部にそれぞれ指当部を設けたりしてもよい。
In the above-described embodiment, the finger cover 23 is provided only on one arm 20 of the pair of arms 20 and 21 in the protective cover 18, but the finger support is provided only on the other arm, A finger holder may be provided for each arm.
・ 前記実施形態では、保護カバー１８において一対の腕部２０，２１の規制部２２がホルダ１の案内孔部１２内で互いに係止されているが、この案内孔部１２を省略した場合にはホルダの外周でこれらの規制部を互いに係止させてもよい。
In the above-described embodiment, the restriction portions 22 of the pair of arm portions 20 and 21 are locked to each other in the guide hole portion 12 of the holder 1 in the protective cover 18, but when the guide hole portion 12 is omitted, These restricting portions may be locked to each other on the outer periphery of the holder.
・ 前記実施形態では、保護カバー１８において一対の腕部２０，２１がホルダ１の一対の溝部１０，１１に嵌め込まれているが、これらの溝部１０，１１を省略した場合にはホルダの外周にこれらの腕部を挿嵌してもよい。
In the above embodiment, the pair of arm portions 20 and 21 are fitted in the pair of groove portions 10 and 11 of the holder 1 in the protective cover 18, but when these groove portions 10 and 11 are omitted, the outer periphery of the holder You may insert these arm parts.
・ 前記実施形態において保護カバー１８をホルダ１に対し不使用状態Ｐと使用可能状態Ｑとに保持する保持部としては例示したもの以外に種々変更することができる。
-In the said embodiment, it can change variously in addition to what was illustrated as a holding | maintenance part which hold | maintains the protective cover 18 with respect to the holder 1 in the non-use state P and the usable state Q.
