JP6385742B2 - Hand tools - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a hand-held tool such as a medical knife capable of causing a functional unit such as a blade body to protrude and retract with respect to a holder.

  In a conventional hand-held tool, for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1 below, the movable body having a functional part is moved relative to the holder by engaging / disengaging a guide provided on the holder and a stopper provided on the movable body. It can support and can take the protrusion position where the function part of a movable body protrudes from a holder, and the accommodation position accommodated in a holder. The movable body is a connecting portion provided between a support portion having an engagement / disengagement operation portion and a stopper and a head portion having a functional portion, and the support portion is twisted in the circumferential direction with respect to the axis along the moving direction of the movable body with respect to the head portion. It has a spring that generates a biasing force in the circumferential direction when twisting. When the engaging / disengaging operation portion of the support portion is twisted in the circumferential direction against the urging force of the spring, the stopper engaged with the guide can be released from being locked to the guide by the urging force of the spring.

Japanese Patent No. 5095163

  In such a hand-held device, the holder guide and the movable body stopper are engaged and disengaged with each other by the operation means for twisting the engagement / disengagement operation portion of the support portion in the circumferential direction. Therefore, it is necessary to operate the engaging / disengaging operation portion of the support portion with the other hand and twist it in the circumferential direction, and it is necessary to operate with both hands. Therefore, since the operation conditions are limited, there are cases where the operation of the function unit is inconvenient.

  An object of the present invention is to make the in / out operation more convenient in a hand-held device such as a medical blade capable of causing a functional unit such as a blade body to invade and retract from a holder.

The present invention will be described with reference to the reference numerals of the drawings (FIGS. 1 to 13) of the embodiments described later.
The hand-held tool according to the invention of claim 1 has the following characteristics (a) to (d).
(A) A projecting position where the movable body (2) having the functional part (25) is supported so as to be movable with respect to the holder (1), and the functional part (25) of the movable body (2) projects from the holder (1). (P) and the accommodation position (Q) accommodated in the holder (1), and the functional part (25) of the movable body (2) is set to the projection position (P) from the accommodation position (Q). And a plurality of accommodating operating means for setting the functional portion (25) of the movable body (2) from the protruding position (P) to the accommodating position (Q), In the operation means, the function part (25) of the movable body (2) is moved to the protruding position (P) by engaging / disengaging the guide (11) provided on the holder (1) and the stopper (28) provided on the movable body (2). In the accommodating operation means, the guide (11) provided on the holder (1) and the movable body (2) The functional part (25) of the movable body (2) is set to the accommodation position (Q) by engagement / disengagement with the digit stopper (28), and the guide (11) passes through the stopper (28) (12, 13). have.

Therefore, since the functional part (25) of the movable body (2) can be protruded or accommodated with respect to the holder (1) by a plurality of operation means, it can be easily operated.

(B) The path (12, 13) of the guide (11) according to the operating means is provided with locking holes (14, 15) provided on both sides in the moving direction (X) of the movable body (2) and both A guide hole (16, 17) extending between the stop holes (14, 15) and communicating with both the locking holes (14, 15), and the stopper (28) of the movable body (2) The both engagement holes (14, 15) of this path (12, 13) are engaged / disengaged. Therefore, the path (12, 13) composed of the guide hole (16, 17) and the both locking holes (14, 15) can be made a simple structure.

(C) The path (12, 13) of the guide (11) in the operating means for protrusion and the path (12, 13) of the guide (11) in the operating means for accommodation are also used. Therefore, the projecting operating means and the accommodating operating means can be made simple by using the path (12, 13) of the guide (11).

(D) The movable body (2) includes a movable head (18) having a functional part (25) and an engagement / disengagement operation part (29, 31) for engaging and disengaging the stopper (28) with respect to the guide (11). And a connecting portion (20) provided between the movable head (18) and the supporting portion (19). The supporting portion (19) is provided on the connecting portion (20). ) Is twisted in the circumferential direction (R) with respect to the axis along the moving direction (X) of the movable body (2) with respect to the movable head (18), and a first spring that generates a biasing force in the circumferential direction (R) (26), and the width direction (Z) is attached when the support portion (19) is bent in the width direction (Z) perpendicular to the axis along the movement direction (X) of the movable body (2). A second spring (27) for generating a force and the stopper (28) provided on the second spring (27) are provided. Therefore, the operating means can be made a simple structure.

In the path (12, 13) of each guide (11) according to the invention of claim 2 premised on the invention of claim 1 , both the locking holes (14, 15) are used together, and both the locking holes ( 14, 15) from the first guide hole (16) shifted in the circumferential direction (R), and from the two locking holes (14, 15) to the second guide hole (17) shifted in the width direction (Z). have. In the invention of claim 2 , a path (12, 13) having a simple structure including the first guide hole (16), the second guide hole (17), and both the locking holes (14, 15) is employed. be able to.

The invention of claim 3 based on the invention of claim 2 is configured as follows.
The stopper (28) includes a locking portion (30) that is engaged with and disengaged from both locking holes (14, 15) of the path (12, 13) of the guide (11), and the locking portion (30). And an engaging / disengaging operation part (29) for moving. The locking portion (30) of the stopper (28) engaged with one of the locking holes (14, 15) by the urging force of the first spring (26) at the protruding position (P) of the functional portion (25). ) And the stopper (28) engaged with the other of the two locking holes (14, 15) by the biasing force of the first spring (26) at the accommodation position (Q) of the functional part (25). Any one of the portions (30) is engaged with the first guide hole (16) against the urging force of the first spring (26), and is engaged with the first guide hole (16). The first guide hole (16) is moved together with the engaging / disengaging operation portion (29) of the stopper (28). The locking portion (30) of the stopper (28) engaged with one of the locking holes (14, 15) by the urging force of the second spring (27) at the protruding position (P) of the functional portion (25). ) And the stopper (28) engaged by the biasing force of the second spring (27) on the other of the locking holes (14, 15) at the accommodation position (Q) of the functional part (25). One of the parts (30) is engaged with the second guide hole (17) against the urging force of the second spring (27), and is engaged with the first guide hole (16). The second guide hole (17) is moved together with the engaging / disengaging operation portion (29) of the stopper (28). In the invention of claim 3 , the operation means can have a simple structure.
The invention according to claim 4, which is based on the invention of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second spring (27) extends from the support portion (19) of the movable body (2). A cantilever. In the invention of claim 4, the second spring (27) having the stopper (28) can be easily operated.
The invention according to claim 5, which is based on the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the holder (1) is a head end at which the functional part (25) of the movable body (2) appears and disappears. Part (5) and a butt end (6) which is opposite to the head end (5) in the moving direction (X) of the movable body (2), and the guide ( 11) is provided between the head end portion (5) and the buttocks end portion (6). In the movable body (2), the movable body (2) is compared to the head (18) having the functional portion (25). ) Is provided on the bottom side of the support portion (19) opposite to the movement direction (X) of the support portion (19) so as to be exposed from the bottom end portion (6) of the holder (1). ) Is provided between the functional part (25) and the movable operation part (31). In invention of Claim 5, while being able to operate a movable operation part (31) as a movement operation part which moves a movable body (2) to the longitudinal direction (X) of a holder (1), a support part (19) is provided. The movable operation part (31) can be operated as an engagement / disengagement operation part that moves the head (18) in the circumferential direction (R) with respect to the axis along the movement direction (X) of the movable body (2). The body (2) can be easily operated according to the operation purpose.

Next, technical ideas other than the claims will be described with reference to the reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments.
A plurality of protruding operating means, a plurality of accommodating operating means, or a plurality of protruding operating means and a plurality of accommodating operating means according to the sixth invention based on the invention of claim 1 , The engaging / disengaging directions (R, Z) of the stopper (28) with respect to each guide (11) are different from each other. In the sixth aspect of the invention , the stopper (28) can be easily operated for each different engagement / disengagement direction (R, Z).

A plurality of protruding operating means, a plurality of accommodating operating means, or a plurality of protruding operating means and a plurality of protruding operating means according to the seventh invention based on the invention of claim 1 or the sixth invention In the accommodating operating means, the engaging / disengaging operation portions (29, 31) for engaging / disengaging the stopper (28) with respect to each guide (11) are different from each other. In the seventh invention , the stopper (28) can be easily operated by the different engaging / disengaging operation portions (29, 31).

In the route (12, 13) of the guide (11) according to the eighth invention based on the invention of claim 1 , the guide hole (16, 17) is a line segment connecting both the locking holes (14, 15). It is extended with respect to it. In the eighth invention , the stopper (28) moving through the guide holes (16, 17) can be easily engaged with and disengaged from both the locking holes (14, 15).

A plurality of protruding operating means, a plurality of accommodating operating means, or a plurality of protruding operating means and a plurality of protruding operating means according to the ninth invention based on the invention of claim 1 or the eighth invention In the accommodating operating means, the guide holes (16, 17) of the paths (12, 13) of the guides (11) are aligned with each other. In the ninth invention , a plurality of operation means can be easily provided by adopting the guide holes (16, 17) arranged to be shifted from each other.

  The present invention makes it possible to make the in / out operation more convenient by adopting a plurality of operation means in a hand-held tool such as a medical blade capable of causing the functional unit such as the blade body (25) to invade and retract from the holder (1). Can do.

(A) is a side view which shows the decomposition | disassembly state which took out the movable body from the holder in hand-held tools, such as a medical blade concerning this embodiment, (b) is sectional drawing which looked at the holder from the side surface side. (A) is a side view which shows the protrusion state of a blade body in the 1st operation means concerning the medical blade of FIG. 1, and a 2nd operation means, (b) is sectional drawing seen similarly from the side surface side. . (A) is a top view which shows the protrusion state of a blade body in the 1st operation means concerning the medical blade of FIG. 1, and a 2nd operation means, (b) is sectional drawing similarly seen from the plane side. . (A) is sectional drawing which looked at the intermediate state between the protrusion state and the accommodation state of a blade body from the side in the 1st operation means concerning the medical blade of FIG. 1, (b) is the middle It is a top view which shows a state. (A) is sectional drawing which looked at the intermediate state between the protrusion state and the accommodation state of a blade body from the side in the 2nd operation means concerning the medical blade of FIG. 1, (b) is the middle It is a top view which shows a state. (A) is a side view which shows the accommodation state of a blade body in the 1st operation means concerning the medical blade of FIG. 1, and a 2nd operation means, (b) is sectional drawing seen similarly from the side surface side. . (A) is a top view which shows the accommodation state of a blade body in the 1st operation means concerning the medical blade of FIG. 1, and a 2nd operation means, (b) is sectional drawing similarly seen from the plane side. . (A) is the partial top view which shows a locked state in the 1st operation means and 2nd operation means which are shown to Fig.3 (a), (b) is the sectional view on the AA line of (a), (C) is sectional drawing which abbreviate | omitted the movable body in (b). (A) is a partial plan view showing a locked state in the first operating means and the second operating means shown in FIG. 7 (a), (b) is a sectional view taken along the line BB of (a), (C) is sectional drawing which abbreviate | omitted the movable body in (b). (A) is a partial top view which shows a lock release state in the 1st operation means shown to Fig.3 (a), (b) is CC sectional view taken on the line of (a). (A) is a partial top view which shows an intermediate state in the 1st operation means shown in FIG.4 (b), (b) is the DD sectional view taken on the line of (a). (A) is a partial top view which shows a lock release state in the 1st operation means shown to Fig.7 (a), (b) is the EE sectional view taken on the line of (a). (A) is a partial top view which shows a lock release state in the 2nd operation means shown to Fig.3 (a), (b) is the FF sectional view taken on the line of (a). (A) is a partial top view which shows a halfway state in the 2nd operation means shown in FIG.5 (b), (b) is the GG sectional view taken on the line of (a). (A) is a partial top view which shows a lock release state in the 2nd operation means shown to Fig.7 (a), (b) is the HH sectional view taken on the line of (a).

Hereinafter, a hand tool according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1A, this hand-held tool is a medical knife, and a holder 1 injection-molded with a transparent resin such as polycarbonate resin and a movable body injection-molded with a resin such as polybutadiene terephthalate resin. 2 are provided.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b), in the holder 1, an inner hole 4 formed on the inner side of an outer peripheral wall 3 having a cylindrical shape elongated in the front-rear direction X (longitudinal direction) is a head end portion on the front end side. 5 is opened at the head mouth 5a and the tail mouth 6a of the tail end 6 on the rear end side. In the outer peripheral wall 3, a pressing portion 7 extends rearward from the head opening 5 a on the inner peripheral upper side of both sides in the vertical direction Z. On the upper side of the outer peripheral wall 3, a pressing avoidance hole 8 that continues from the pressing portion 7 via a step 7 a extends rearward and is opened outward from the inner hole 4. A guide groove 9 extends from the head opening 5a to the lower side of the outer periphery of the outer peripheral wall 3 so as to face downward with respect to the pressing portion 7 and the pressing avoidance hole 8. On the lower side of the inner periphery of the outer peripheral wall 3, a receiving portion 10 that continues from the guide groove 9 via a step 9 a extends downward and faces the pressing avoidance hole 8. On the upper side of the outer peripheral wall 3, a guide 11 extends rearward slightly behind the pressing avoidance hole 8.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the guide 11 has a first path 12 and a second path 13 that are different from each other. The first path 12 and the second path 13 both have locking holes 14 and 15 that are spaced apart from each other on both sides in the front-rear direction X and open in the up-down direction Z. A wall 3 a is formed between the front and rear locking holes 14 and 15 in the outer peripheral wall 3 of the holder 1. The first path 12 has a first guide hole 16 that is shifted in the circumferential direction R with respect to the axis along the front-rear direction X with respect to the wall 3 a on the line segment that connects the front and rear locking holes 14, 15. Yes. The second path 13 is shifted in the up-down direction Z (width direction) perpendicular to the axis along the front-rear direction X with respect to the wall 3a on the line segment connecting both the front-rear locking holes 14, 15. A guide hole 17 is provided as a part of the inner hole 4 of the holder 1. The first guide hole 16 extends between the locking holes 14 and 15 in the front-rear direction X and opens in the up-down direction Z. The second guide hole 17 extends between the locking holes 14 and 15 in the front-rear direction X.

  That is, the first path 12 has both front and rear locking holes 14 and 15 that are also used as a mutual, and a first guide hole 16. Further, the second path 13 includes front and rear locking holes 14 and 15 that are also used as a mutual, and a second guide hole 17 that is arranged in parallel with the first guide hole 16. The front and rear locking holes 14 and 15 include U-shaped end edges 14a and 15a, entrances 14b and 15b communicating with the first guide hole 16 in the circumferential direction R, and a second guide hole in the vertical direction Z. 17 and entrances 14c and 15c communicating with the air inlet 17.

  On the outer side of the outer peripheral wall 3 of the holder 1, on both sides of the front-rear direction X and the left-right direction Y orthogonal to the up-down direction Z, concave and convex finger contact portions 3b are formed from the vicinity of the head end portion 5 to the vicinity of the guide 11. Yes. The outer peripheral wall 3 is provided with a visual recognition portion 3c whose surface is mirror-finished from the head end portion 5 to the vicinity of the finger rest portion 3b so that the inner hole 4 can be seen through from the outside. Since the surface of the outer peripheral wall 3 excluding the visual recognition part 3c is subjected to a textured texture, it is difficult to see through the inner hole 4 of the outer peripheral wall 3 from the outside.

  As shown in FIG. 1A, the movable body 2 includes a movable head 18, a support portion 19, and a connecting portion 20 between the movable head 18 and the support portion 19. The movable head 18 includes a truncated cone-shaped head 21, a support plate 22 extending rearward from the head 21, and guide protrusions 23 and 24 formed on both upper and lower sides of the support plate 22. . On the end surface 21a side of the head 21, a blade body 25 is attached as a functional part formed of stainless steel. A flank 21b is formed on the outer periphery of the head 21 so as to be inclined so that the diameter decreases from the support plate 22 side toward the blade body 25 side. On both the front and rear sides of the upper guide protrusion 23, relief surfaces 23b are formed so as to incline from the top 23a toward the support plate 22 side. On both front and rear sides of the lower guide projection 24, relief surfaces 24b are formed so as to incline from the top 24a to the support plate 22 side.

  The connecting portion 20 can be bent in the vertical direction Z against the urging force in the vertical direction Z and can be twisted in the circumferential direction R against the urging force in the circumferential direction R. have. The first spring 26 is connected to the support plate 22 of the movable head 18 by a thin portion 26a. A cantilever-shaped second spring 27 extends forward from the upper front end of the support portion 19. The second spring 27 has flexibility to bend in the vertical direction Z against the urging force in the vertical direction Z. A stopper 28 is formed on the free end portion side of the second spring 27.

  The stopper 28 includes an engagement / disengagement operation portion 29 in which a finger contact portion 29b is formed in a stepped shape at the upper end portion of the arm portion 29a protruding upward from the second spring 27, and between the second spring 27 and the arm portion 29a. And a locking portion 30 formed adjacent to the wall portion 3a between the front and rear locking holes 14, 15 at the corner. A movable operation unit 31 (an engagement / disengagement operation unit) extends rearward from the bottom side of the support unit 19. A bulging portion 31 a is formed at the rear end portion of the movable operation portion 31.

  When the movable body 2 is inserted into the holder 1, the movable operation portion 31 of the support portion 19 is inserted into the inner hole 4 from the head opening 5 a of the holder 1 and protruded from the bottom opening 6 a of the holder 1. At that time, since the second spring 27 bends in the vertical direction Z against the elastic force, the stopper 28 on the second spring 27 is moved along the inner periphery of the outer peripheral wall 3 to thereby move the first path 12. Can be fitted. The movable operation unit 31 is always exposed from the bottom opening 6a on the opposite side to the head opening 5a in which the movable head 18 appears and disappears in the holder 1.

  The first operating means (the projecting operating means and the accommodating operating means) are the locking holes 14 and 15 and the first guide hole 16 of the first path 12 in the guide 11, and the first spring. 26, a movable operation unit 31 (engagement / disengagement operation unit), an engagement / disengagement operation unit 29 of the stopper 28, and a locking unit 30. The second operating means (the projecting operating means and the accommodating operating means) includes both the locking holes 14 and 15 and the second guide hole 17 of the second path 13 in the guide 11 and the second guide hole 17. And the engaging / disengaging operation portion 29 and the locking portion 30 of the stopper 28.

  Incidentally, the length of the medical blade in the longitudinal direction (front-rear direction X) is set to about 144 mm at the protruding position P of the blade body 25 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and at the accommodation position Q of the blade body 25 shown in FIGS. The total length in the longitudinal direction (front-rear direction X) of the medical blade is set to about 148 mm. Moreover, the width dimension of the left-right direction Y in a medical blade is set to about 9 mm.

Next, an operation for moving the blade body 25 of the movable body 2 in and out of the holder 1 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 8, in the first operation means and the second operation means, the blade body 25 of the movable body 2 moves outward from the head opening 5 a of the holder 1 at the protruding position P of the blade body 25. Protruding. The stopper 28 of the movable body 2 is configured such that the arm portion 29 a of the engagement / disengagement operation portion 29 is engaged with the first guide hole 16 and the finger contact portion 29 b of the engagement / disengagement operation portion 29 is separated upward from the first guide hole 16. In the upper position U. The locking portion 30 of the stopper 28 is engaged with the front locking hole 14 by the biasing force of the first spring 26 in the circumferential direction R or by the biasing force of the second spring 27 in the vertical direction Z. Thus, the end edge portion 14a is in a locked state in which the movement in the front-rear direction X is prevented. In the movable head 18, the top portion 23 a of the upper guide projection 23 is pushed downward against the urging force of the first spring 26 in the vertical direction Z by the pressing portion 7. It tilts upward, and the top 24a of the lower guide projection 24 is engaged with the guide groove 9 by the urging force of the first spring 26 in the vertical direction Z, and rotation in the circumferential direction R is prevented. Further, since the maximum diameter portion of the flank 21 b of the head 21 is aligned along the inner peripheral surface of the outer peripheral wall 3 including the pressing portion 7, the movable head 18 is prevented from moving in the vertical direction Z and the horizontal direction Y. Thus, the posture of the movable head 18 can be stabilized.

  As shown in FIGS. 6, 7, and 9, in the first operation means and the second operation means, the blade body 25 of the movable body 2 moves inward from the head opening 5 a of the holder 1 at the storage position Q of the blade body 25. Be contained. The stopper 28 of the movable body 2 is configured such that the arm portion 29 a of the engagement / disengagement operation portion 29 is engaged with the first guide hole 16 and the finger contact portion 29 b of the engagement / disengagement operation portion 29 is separated upward from the first guide hole 16. In the upper position U. The locking portion 30 of the stopper 28 is engaged with the rear locking hole 15 by the biasing force of the first spring 26 in the circumferential direction R or by the biasing force of the second spring 27 in the vertical direction Z. The locked state in which the movement in the front-rear direction X is prevented by the end edge portion 15a. In the movable head 18, the top 23 a of the upper guide projection 23 is engaged with the press avoidance hole 8 and moves until the rear end portion of the upper guide projection 23 contacts the rear end portion of the press avoidance hole 8. Therefore, the biasing force of the first spring 26 in the vertical direction Z causes the end surface 21 a side of the head 21 to tilt downward, and the top portion 24 a of the lower guide projection 24 abuts the receiving portion 10. Further, the maximum diameter portion of the flank 21 b of the head 21 is fitted along the inner peripheral surface of the outer peripheral wall 3 including the pressing avoidance hole 8.

  When the blade 25 is moved from the protruding position P to the storage position Q by the first operating means, first, the movable operating portion 31 of the movable body 2 is operated with the other hand while the holder 1 is held with the other hand. Then, the movable operation portion 31 is rotated in the circumferential direction R (engagement / disengagement direction) together with the support portion 19 and the second spring 27, and the first spring 26 is attached to the circumferential direction R with respect to the movable head 18. When twisted against the force, as shown in FIG. 10, the stopper 28 at the upper position U is engaged from the front locking hole 14 through the entrance 14 b into the front end of the first guide hole 16. The At that time, the engaging / disengaging operation portion 29 of the stopper 28 at the upper position U rotates in the circumferential direction R while being engaged with the first guide hole 16, and the locking portion 30 of the stopper 28 is moved to the first guide hole. 16 is released from the end edge portion 14a of the front locking hole 14 and is unlocked.

  Next, in the unlocked state, when the movable operation unit 31 is twisted and pulled backward to move the movable body 2 backward, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 11, the stopper 28 in the upper position U is used. The engaging / disengaging operation portion 29 and the locking portion 30 move backward through the first guide hole 16. Further, in the movable head 18, the top 23 a of the upper guide projection 23 moves rearward while abutting against the pressing portion 7, and then moves rearward through the pressing avoidance hole 8. At that time, as the flank 23b of the guide protrusion 23 moves away from the step 7a of the pressing portion 7, the end surface 21a side of the head 21 tilts downward by the urging force of the first spring 26 in the vertical direction Z. Further, in the movable head 18, the top 24 a of the lower guide protrusion 24 abuts against the receiving portion 10 from the guide groove 9 through the step 9 a by the urging force of the first spring 26 in the vertical direction Z. Move to.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 12, the engagement / disengagement operation portion 29 and the engagement portion 30 of the stopper 28 at the upper position U move to the rear end portion of the first guide hole 16. Thereafter, when the torsional operation on the movable operation portion 31 is released, the stopper 28 at the upper position U is rotated in the circumferential direction R by the biasing force of the first spring 26 in the circumferential direction R, and the engagement / disengagement of the stopper 28 is performed. While the operating portion 29 is engaged with the first guide hole 16, the locking portion 30 of the stopper 28 is locked into the locking hole 15 on the rear side through the doorway 15b, and the blade body 25 is accommodated. It becomes position Q.

Conversely, the blade body 25 can be similarly moved from the storage position Q to the protruding position P by the first operating means.
On the other hand, when the blade 25 is moved from the protruding position P to the storage position Q by the second operating means, the holder 1 is first gripped with one hand, and the finger of the gripped hand is engaged / disengaged with the stopper 28. 29, when the stopper 28 is pressed against the urging force of the second spring 27 in the vertical direction Z and pushed down in the vertical direction Z (engagement / disengagement direction) toward the inner hole 4 side, As shown in FIG. 13, the stopper 28 that is in the lower position D from the upper position U is engaged with the front end of the second guide hole 17 from the front locking hole 14 through the entrance 14 c. At that time, the engaging / disengaging operation portion 29 of the stopper 28 is pushed down while being engaged with the first guide hole 16, and the engaging portion 30 of the stopper 28 is engaged with the second guide hole 17 to lock the front side. The detachment from the end edge portion 14a of the hole 14 results in an unlocked state.

  Next, when the movable body 2 is moved backward with the finger applied to the engaging / disengaging operation portion 29 of the stopper 28 in the unlocked state, it is in the lower position D as shown in FIGS. The engaging / disengaging operation portion 29 of the stopper 28 moves backward through the first guide hole 16, and the locking portion 30 of the stopper 28 at the lower position D moves backward through the second guide hole 17. The movement of the movable head 18 with respect to the holder 1 is the same as in the case of the first operating means.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 15, the engaging / disengaging operation portion 29 of the stopper 28 at the lower position D moves to the rear end portion of the first guide hole 16 and the engaging portion 30 of the stopper 28 at the lower position D. Moves to the rear end of the second guide hole 17. Thereafter, when the push-down operation of the engagement / disengagement operation portion 29 with respect to the finger holding portion 29b is released, the stopper 28 at the lower position D becomes the upper position U by the urging force of the second spring 27 in the vertical direction Z, and the stopper 28 While the engagement / disengagement operation portion 29 is engaged with the first guide hole 16, the engagement portion 30 of the stopper 28 is engaged with the engagement hole 15 on the rear side through the entrance / exit 15 c so that the blade 25 is locked. Is the storage position Q.

On the contrary, the blade body 25 can be similarly moved from the storage position Q to the protruding position P by the second operating means.
This embodiment has the following effects.

  (1) In the first operation means, the holder 1 is held with one hand, the movable operation portion 31 of the movable body 2 is twisted with the other hand, and the blade body 25 of the movable body 2 protrudes from the holder 1. And can be housed. Further, in the second operation means, the engagement / disengagement operation portion 29 of the stopper 28 can be operated with one hand, so that the blade body 25 of the movable body 2 can be protruded or accommodated with respect to the holder 1. Accordingly, by properly using the first operating means and the second operating means according to the use conditions, the operation of moving the blade body 25 with respect to the holder 1 can be made more convenient.

  (2) In the first operating means, the first path 12 having both the locking holes 14, 15 and the first guide hole 16, and in the second operating means, both the locking holes 14, 15 and the second path In the second path 13 having the guide hole 17, both the locking holes 14 and 15 are also used and the stopper 28 of the movable body 2 is also used. Therefore, the first operating means and the second operating means can be simplified. Structure.

  (3) In the guide 11 of the holder 1, the first guide hole 16 shifted in the circumferential direction R from the both locking holes 14, 15 and the second guide shifted in the vertical direction Z from the both locking holes 14, 15. Since the hole 17 is provided, the first path 12 and the second path 13 can have a simple structure.

  (4) The movable body 2 includes a first spring 26 that generates a biasing force in the circumferential direction R at the connecting portion 20 provided between the movable head 18 and the support portion 19, and a vertical direction Z applied by the support portion 19. Since the second spring 27 for generating the force and the stopper 28 provided on the second spring 27 are provided, the first operating means and the second operating means can have a simple structure.

  (5) The locking portion 30 of the stopper 28 engaged with one of the locking holes 14 and 15 by the urging force of the first spring 26 at the protruding position P of the blade body 25, and the housing position of the blade body 25 One of the latching portions 30 of the stopper 28 engaged with the other of the latching holes 14 and 15 by the biasing force of the first spring 26 against the biasing force of the first spring 26. The first guide hole 16 is moved into the first guide hole 16 together with the engaging / disengaging operation portion 29 of the stopper 28 engaged in the first guide hole 16, or the second spring. The second guide hole 17 moves along with the engaging / disengaging operation portion 29 of the stopper 28 engaged with the first guide hole 16 against the urging force of 27. Therefore, the first operating means and the second operating means can be made simple structures.

For example, the following embodiment may be configured as follows.
In the above embodiment, the first operating means and the second operating means both serve as the projecting operating means and the accommodating operating means, respectively, but the first operating means, the second operating means, or In the first operating means and the second operating means, the protruding operating means and the accommodating operating means may be provided separately.

In the embodiment, the first operation unit and the second operation unit are provided, but three or more operation units may be provided.
In the above embodiment, both the locking holes 14 and 15 are used in the first path 12 in the first operating means and the second path 13 in the second operating means, respectively. Both locking holes 14 and 15 may be provided separately for each second path 13. Further, although the first operating means and the second operating means share the stopper 28 of the movable body 2, the stopper 28 may be provided separately for each of the first operating means and the second operating means.

Even if the movable head 18 and the first spring 26 of the connecting portion 20 are provided separately and attached, or the first spring 26 and the support portion 19 are provided separately and attached. Good.
-You may make the whole holder 1 shown in FIG.1 (b) transparent or semi-transparent.

The blade body 25 may be detachably provided on the movable head 18 so that it can be replaced.
The cross-sectional shape of the holder 1 may be provided in a polygonal cylinder such as a triangle or a quadrangle other than a circular cylinder.

  ・ As the moving mechanism of the movable body 2, various types are adopted depending on the purpose and form, such as a knock method widely used for writing instruments such as ballpoint pens and a screw method that moves in the longitudinal direction while rotating like a micrometer. be able to.

  ・ When aligning multiple types of functional parts in a medical blade such as for ophthalmic surgery, if the different types of functional parts can be recognized by the difference in the colors of the holder 1 and the movable body 2, the function is bothered. It is possible to easily distinguish the types of functional parts only by the color difference without checking the parts.

  ・ In addition to medical tools such as scalpels, hand tools include writing instruments such as ballpoint pens, tools such as razors and cutters, knives and engraving knives, ear picks, forks, cosmetic brushes, and lipsticks. The functional part varies depending on the hand-held device.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Holder, 2 ... Movable body, 11 ... Guide of holder, 12 ... First path of guide, 13 ... Second path of guide, 14, 15 ... Stop hole of path, 16 ... First of path Guide hole, 17 ... second guide hole in the path, 18 ... movable head of the movable body, 19 ... support portion of the movable body, 20 ... connecting portion of the movable body, 25 ... blade body (functional portion) of the movable body, 26: first spring of the movable body, 27: second spring of the movable body, 28: stopper of the movable body, 29: engaging / disengaging operation portion of the stopper, 30 ... locking portion of the stopper, 31 ... movable of the movable body Operation part (engagement / disengagement operation part), P ... Projection position of the blade body, Q ... Position where the blade body is accommodated, X ... Front and rear direction (moving direction of the movable body), R ... Circumferential direction, Z ... Vertical direction (width direction) .

Claims (5)

In a hand-held tool that supports a movable body having a functional part movably with respect to the holder, and can take a protruding position where the functional part of the movable body protrudes from the holder and an accommodation position accommodated in the holder,
A plurality of at least one of a projecting operation means for setting the functional part of the movable body from the housing position to the projecting position and a housing operation means for setting the functional part of the movable body from the projecting position to the housing position,
In the operating means for protrusion, the functional part of the movable body is set at the protruding position by engaging and disengaging the guide provided on the holder and the stopper provided on the movable body,
In the operation means for accommodation, the functional part of the movable body is set at the accommodation position by engaging and disengaging the guide provided on the holder and the stopper provided on the movable body,
These guides have a route through which the stopper,
In the operation means, the guide path has a locking hole provided on both sides in the moving direction of the movable body, and a guide hole extending between the both locking holes so as to communicate with both the locking holes, The stopper of the movable body is engaged and disengaged with respect to both locking holes of this path,
The guide path in the projecting operating means and the guide path in the accommodating operating means are combined with each other,
The movable body includes a movable head having a functional part, a support part having an engagement / disengagement operation part for engaging and disengaging the stopper with respect to the guide, and a connecting part provided between the movable head and the support part. ,
A first spring that is provided in the connecting portion and generates a biasing force in the circumferential direction when twisting the support portion in the circumferential direction with respect to the axis along the moving direction of the movable body with respect to the movable head;
A second spring that is provided in the support and generates a biasing force in the width direction when bent in the width direction perpendicular to the axis along the moving direction of the movable body;
A hand tool comprising the stopper provided on the second spring . In each of the guide paths, both the locking holes are used together, a first guide hole that is shifted from the both locking holes in the circumferential direction, and a second guide hole that is shifted from the both locking holes in the width direction. The hand-held device according to claim 1 , comprising: The stopper includes a locking portion that is engaged with and disengaged from both locking holes of the guide path, and an engagement / disengagement operation portion that moves the locking portion.
A stopper locking portion engaged with one of the locking holes by the biasing force of the first spring at the protruding position of the functional portion, and a first of the other locking holes at the functional portion housing position. Any one of the locking portions of the stopper engaged by the urging force of the spring is engaged with the first guide hole against the urging force of the first spring, and is engaged with the first guide hole. The first guide hole is moved together with the stopper engaging / disengaging operation portion,
A stopper locking portion engaged with one of the two locking holes by the urging force of the second spring at the protruding position of the function portion, and a second of the two locking holes at the function portion housing position. Any one of the locking portions of the stopper engaged by the urging force of the spring is engaged with the second guide hole against the urging force of the second spring, and is engaged with the first guide hole. The hand-held device according to claim 2 , wherein the second guide hole is moved together with the stopper engaging / disengaging operation portion. The hand-held tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second spring is a cantilever extending from a support portion of the movable body. The holder has a head end portion where the functional part of the movable body appears and disappears, and a butt end portion which is opposite to the head end portion in the moving direction of the movable body, and the guide of the holder is the head end portion. In the movable body, the movable operation portion is provided on the bottom side of the support portion that is opposite to the head having the functional portion in the moving direction of the movable body. The hand-held device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the stopper is provided between the function portion and the movable operation portion.