JP6813457B2 - 永久磁石、回転電機、及び車両 - Google Patents
永久磁石、回転電機、及び車両 Download PDFInfo
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Description
実施形態の永久磁石の例について説明する。図1は、永久磁石の断面のSEM(Scanning Electron Microscope)観察像の一例を示す図である。図1に示す組織は、主相1と副相と、を有する。副相は、リン系化合物相2と、α−Fe相3と、酸化物相4と、を含む。主相1は永久磁石中の各結晶相及び非晶質相のうち、最も体積占有率が高い相である。リン系化合物相2は、主相1よりも体積占有率が低い相である。α−Fe相3及び酸化物相4は、主相1よりも体積占有率が低く、リン系化合物相2と異なる異相である。
RMZNX・・・(1)
(式中Rは希土類元素、Zr、Nb、及びHfからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一つの元素、MはFe及びCoからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一つの元素、Xは0.5≦X≦2.0を満足する原子比、Zは4≦Z≦13を満足する原子比である)
RMZ・・・(2)
第1の実施形態の永久磁石は、回転電機、例えばモータや発電機に用いることができる。これら回転電機は、少なくともステータ(固定子)とロータ(回転子)で構成される。
原料を表1に示す合金粉末組成、SmFe8.3の組成となるように所定の比率で調合した。原料を調合したものをアルゴンガス雰囲気中でアーク溶解して合金インゴットを作製した。合金インゴットをアルゴンガス雰囲気中、約1000℃で約3日間熱処理した。その後、乳鉢で合金インゴットを粉砕し合金粉末を得た。合金粉末を目開き25μmのふるいでふるい分けした。合金粉末を約1気圧の窒素ガス雰囲気中、500℃で4時間熱処理することにより、窒化合金粉末を得た。得られた窒化合金粉末に対して質量比で2%となるようリンを添加し、ボールミルによって混練した。得られた粉末を磁場中で配向プレスしながら金型に充填した後、粉末に圧力1.0GPa、焼結温度400℃の条件で放電プラズマ焼結を施して永久磁石を得た。永久磁石の主相の組成は表1に示す磁石組成となった。
合金粉末組成が表1に示す値となるように原料を所定の比率で調合した。また、窒化合金粉末に添加するリンを質量比で2%添加し、ボールミルによって混練した。その他は、実施例1の場合と同様の方法で永久磁石を作製した。得られた永久磁石の特性を実施例1の場合と同様に評価した。表2に実施例2〜10の永久磁石における、リン系化合物相の体積比率、及び保磁力の値を示す。
窒化合金粉末に対してリンを添加せず、そのまま次の工程を行ったこと以外は、実施例1及び2の場合と同様の方法で永久磁石を作製した。得られた永久磁石の特性を実施例1の場合と同様に評価した。比較例1及び2では、リン系化合物相は形成されなかった。表2に比較例1及び2の永久磁石における保磁力の値を示す。
窒化合金粉末に対してリンではなくリン酸を添加した以外は、実施例1の場合と同様の方法で永久磁石を作製した。得られた永久磁石の特性を実施例1の場合と同様に評価した。比較例3では、リン系化合物相は形成されなかった。表2に比較例3の永久磁石における保磁力の値を示す。
Claims (15)
- 組成式:RMZNX(Rは希土類元素、Zr、Nb、及びHfからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一つの元素、MはFe及びCoからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一つの元素、Xは0.5≦X≦2.0を満足する原子比、Zは4≦Z≦13を満足する原子比である)で表され、Th2Ni17型、Th2Zn17型、及びTbCu7型からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一つの結晶構造を有する主相と、
リン酸系化合物を除くリン系化合物を含むリン系化合物相を有し、前記主相の結晶粒子間あるいは粒子表面に形成された副相と、を具備する永久磁石。 - 前記永久磁石中の前記リン系化合物相の総量の体積比率は、0.1%以上5%以下である、請求項1に記載の永久磁石。
- 前記Mの20原子%以下は、Cr及びSiからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一つの元素で置換されている、請求項1又は請求項2に記載の永久磁石。
- 前記副相の総量に対する前記リン系化合物相の総量の体積比率は、50%以上である、請求項1ないし請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の永久磁石。
- 前記リン系化合物は、RP、RP2、RP5、M12P7、M2P3、M3P、M2P、MP、MP2、及びMP4からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一つを含む、請求項1ないし請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の永久磁石。
- 前記Rの50原子%以上はSmである、請求項1ないし請求項5のいずれか一項に記載の永久磁石。
- 前記Mの50原子%以上はFeである、請求項1ないし請求項6のいずれか一項に記載の永久磁石。
- 前記Mの20原子%以下は、Ti、V、Mn、Ni、Zn、Ga、Ge、Mo、Ta、及びWからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一つの元素で置換されている、請求項1ないし請求項7のいずれか一項に記載の永久磁石。
- 前記Nの50原子%以下が、H、B、及びCからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一つの元素で置換されている、請求項1ないし請求項8のいずれか一項に記載の永久磁石。
- 前記永久磁石の密度は6.5g/cm3以上である、請求項1ないし請求項9のいずれか一項に記載の永久磁石。
- 前記永久磁石中のα−Fe相の総量の体積比率は、5%以下である、請求項1ないし請求項10のいずれか一項に記載の永久磁石。
- ロータと、
ステータと、を具備し、
前記ロータ又は前記ステータは、請求項1ないし請求項11のいずれか一項に記載の永久磁石を有する、回転電機。 - モータ又は発電機である請求項12に記載の回転電機。
- 請求項12又は請求項13に記載の回転電機を具備する、車両。
- 請求項12に記載の回転電機を具備し、
前記回転電機の一端に設けられたシャフトに回転が伝達される、車両。
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JP2017165534A JP6813457B2 (ja) | 2017-08-30 | 2017-08-30 | 永久磁石、回転電機、及び車両 |
PCT/JP2018/007838 WO2019043999A1 (en) | 2017-08-30 | 2018-03-01 | PERMANENT MAGNET, ROTARY ELECTRIC MACHINE AND VEHICLE |
US16/283,856 US11289249B2 (en) | 2017-08-30 | 2019-02-25 | Permanent magnet, rotary electrical machine, and vehicle |
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JPS60144906A (ja) | 1984-01-06 | 1985-07-31 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | 永久磁石材料 |
JP3768553B2 (ja) * | 1993-08-31 | 2006-04-19 | 株式会社東芝 | 硬質磁性材料および永久磁石 |
US5750044A (en) * | 1994-07-12 | 1998-05-12 | Tdk Corporation | Magnet and bonded magnet |
DE69734537T2 (de) | 1996-08-27 | 2006-08-10 | Omron Corp. | Mikrorelais und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
JPH1187118A (ja) * | 1997-09-01 | 1999-03-30 | Toshiba Corp | 磁石材料とその製造方法、およびそれを用いたボンド磁石 |
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TW503409B (en) * | 2000-05-29 | 2002-09-21 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Isotropic powdery magnet material, process for preparing and resin-bonded magnet |
JP2002075767A (ja) | 2000-08-31 | 2002-03-15 | Sumitomo Special Metals Co Ltd | 耐食性被膜を有する希土類系永久磁石およびその製造方法 |
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JP2002313614A (ja) | 2001-04-13 | 2002-10-25 | Toshiba Corp | 磁石材料 |
JPWO2002103719A1 (ja) | 2001-06-19 | 2004-10-07 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 希土類永久磁石材料 |
JP2003142306A (ja) | 2001-11-01 | 2003-05-16 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 希土類磁石及びその製造方法 |
JP4506965B2 (ja) | 2004-12-07 | 2010-07-21 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | R−t−m−b系希土類永久磁石及びその製造方法 |
JP2007277692A (ja) * | 2006-04-11 | 2007-10-25 | Toda Kogyo Corp | Sm−Fe−N系磁性粒子粉末及びその製造法、Sm−Fe−N系磁性粒子粉末を含有するボンド磁石用樹脂組成物並びにボンド磁石 |
JP2008010726A (ja) | 2006-06-30 | 2008-01-17 | Daido Electronics Co Ltd | 希土類ボンド磁石 |
JP2007324618A (ja) * | 2007-08-02 | 2007-12-13 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 高耐候性磁石粉、ボンド磁石用樹脂組成物及びそれを用いて得られるボンド磁石 |
CN105810381B (zh) * | 2016-04-22 | 2018-01-12 | 山西三益强磁业股份有限公司 | 高磁能积材料及制备方法 |
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