JP6794490B2 - Anaerobic antioxidant composition - Google Patents

Description

Contents of disclosure

〔Technical field〕
The present disclosure relates generally to antioxidant compositions, specifically to anaerobic antioxidant compositions for improving the free radical levels of the user.

〔background〕
The present disclosure relates to compositions, methods, and systems for improving a user's free radical levels and for treating a user's oxidative stress. Oxidative stress causes many health conditions and diseases and can cause extensive damage to cells, proteins, and DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). The compositions, methods, and systems disclosed herein relieve oxidative stress and reduce the levels of dangerous free radicals in the body.

The body is constantly under attack from oxidative stress. Oxygen molecules contain two oxygen atoms that are covalently bonded to each other. These two bonded oxygen atoms can be separated into two separate oxygen atoms, each of which has one unpaired electron. Unpaired electrons quickly seek out other unpaired electrons in order to form a very unstable and stable electron pair. These unpaired electrons are called "free radicals" and can cause widespread damage to the body. If the oxygen atom has free radicals, i.e. unpaired electrons, the oxygen atom can cause oxidative stress in the body.

Free radicals are associated with a number of human diseases, including cancer, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and many others. Free radicals are associated with the phenomenon of aging, and in fact, aging is defined as the gradual accumulation of damage from free radicals. Substances that produce free radicals can be found in food, medicine, water, and air. Some substances known to have large amounts of free radicals include fried foods, alcohol, tobacco, pesticides, and air pollutants. In addition, free radicals are natural byproducts of chemical processes that occur in the body. Therefore, accumulation of free radicals is unavoidable, and it is important to reduce the damage caused by free radicals and oxidative stress.

The formation of free radicals can lead to chain reactions that can result in disrupted cell membranes, which can then change what goes in and out of the cell. The chain reaction can alter the structure of lipids, proteins, or DNA strands. Damaged cells mutate and transform into cancer cells. Gradual damage initiated by free radicals can alter the DNA code, which is then replicated by the body with inaccurate DNA sequences. Since free radicals can cause widespread damage to the body, it is desirable to reduce the levels of free radicals in the body, thereby reducing the damage caused by free radicals.

Oxidative stress occurs when there are too many free radicals and too much cell damage caused by the free radicals. Oxidative stress is associated with protein, lipid, and nucleic acid damage. Oxidative stress includes many health conditions, including leukoplakia, cardiovascular disease, certain cancers, emphysema, alcoholism, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, ulcers, inflammatory diseases, arthritis, ulcers, and others. Can play a role in the development of. Some symptoms of oxidative stress include fatigue, headache, noise sensitivity, amnesia, and headache, muscle and arthralgia, wrinkles, visual impairment, and immunosuppression. Therefore, it is desirable to reduce or eliminate oxidative stress in the body.

In view of the above, the present disclosure provides compositions, methods, and systems for improving free radical levels in the body and for treating oxidative stress. The compositions, methods, and systems of the present disclosure treat and support the body's natural detoxification processes and / or combat viruses, bacteria, heavy metal toxicity, radiation, certain drug therapies, aging processes, and others. It is also applicable in the treatment or support of the body's natural defense system for.

Non-limiting and non-comprehensive practices of the present disclosure are described with reference to the following drawings, and similar reference numerals refer to similar parts across various drawings unless otherwise specified. The advantages of this disclosure will be better understood with respect to the following description and accompanying drawings.

[Detailed explanation]
The present specification discloses compositions, methods, and systems for improving free radical levels in the body and / or relieving oxidative stress in the body. The compositions, methods, and systems disclosed herein can reduce and mitigate the damage caused by free radicals. One embodiment of the present disclosure is a composition comprising an antioxidant and an oxygen scavenger aqueous solvent. The composition is such that the antioxidant remains in a reduced state. The composition can be microencapsulated and further packaged in an airless container configured to maintain an anaerobic environment. The composition may be provided for topical, oral, intravenous, intramuscular administration, and / or inhalation administration.

One embodiment of the present disclosure is a composition comprising reduced glutathione and a deoxidized aqueous solvent. The composition is such that reduced glutathione remains in its reduced state and does not oxidize to form a more stable form of glutathione. The composition can be microencapsulated within a phospholipid liposome structure, or any other microencapsulated structure. The composition may be packaged in an airless dispenser configured to maintain an anaerobic environment.

The compositions disclosed herein have surprisingly good results in improving free radical levels in the body, relieving oxidative stress in the body, and treating or alleviating symptoms of multiple health conditions and diseases. Is shown. The compositions disclosed herein show surprisingly good results for treating and healing burns, including relieving the pain associated with burns. The compositions disclosed herein show surprisingly good results in treating shingles and postherpetic neuralgia. The compositions disclosed herein show surprisingly good results in treating herpes types 1 and 2. The compositions disclosed herein show surprisingly good results in treating tardive dyskinesia. The compositions disclosed herein show surprisingly good results in treating or alleviating the symptoms associated with the Epstein-Barr virus.

Free radicals can cause widespread damage to the body, and persistent free radical damage can result in oxidative stress. Free radicals are atoms or molecules that are highly reactive with other cell structures. Free radicals contain unpaired electrons, which are very unstable. Free radicals are a natural by-product of ongoing biochemical reactions in the body, including normal metabolic processes and immune system responses. Substances that produce free radicals can be found in food, drugs, drugs, air, and water. Such substances include fried foods, alcohol, tobacco, pesticides, air pollutants, and many more. Free radicals can cause damage to parts of a cell, such as proteins, DNA, and cell membranes, by robbing electrons through a process called oxidation. Unpaired electrons in free radicals are very unstable, "stealing" electrons from another molecule and performing a much more stable pair of electrons. When free radicals oxidize important components of cells, they lose their ability to function normally and the accumulation of such damage can lead to cell death. Many studies have shown that increased production of free radicals causes or accelerates nerve cell damage, resulting in disease.

Antioxidants, also known as "free radical scavengers," are compounds that reduce the formation of free radicals or reach with neutralize them. Antioxidants often function by donating electrons to free radicals before they can oxidize other cellular components. Once the electrons of the free radicals are paired, the free radicals become stable and non-toxic. Treatments aimed at increasing the availability of antioxidants in cells can be effective in preventing or delaying the progression of the disease.

The compositions, methods, and systems disclosed herein provide a surprisingly effective means of reducing the levels of free radicals in the body. Lower levels of free radicals in the body can treat or relieve oxidative stress and many other health conditions. The compositions, methods, and systems disclosed herein provide surprisingly good results, keeping reduced glutathione in a reduced state so that reduced glutathione can serve as an effective scavenger for free radicals. ..

The disclosure extends further to the anaerobic production, packaging, and delivery of therapeutic doses of bioeffective reduced glutathione (GSH). In the following description of the present disclosure, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of the present specification and the particular practice in which the present disclosure may be carried out is illustrated as an example. It is understood that other practices may be utilized and that structural changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

In describing and asserting the subject matter of this disclosure, the following terms will be used in accordance with the definitions provided below.

The terms "comprising", "including", "containing", "featuring", and their grammatical equivalents as used herein are additionally listed. A comprehensive or unrestricted term that does not exclude elements or method steps.

The phrase "consisting of" and its grammatical equivalents as used herein exclude any element, step, or component that is not specified in the claims.

As used herein, the phrase "becomes essential" and its grammatical equivalents cover the claims as the basic and novel of the identified ingredients, materials, or steps, and the claimed disclosure. It is not limited to those that do not substantially affect one or more features.

As used herein, an "effective amount" is a product that is non-toxic but sufficient to provide the desired effect and performance with a reasonable risk-benefit ratio associated with any dietary supplement or product. Means the amount of ingredients or components of. For example, an effective amount of vitamin or mineral is sufficient to prevent its deficiency and reduce the incidence of any adverse effects.

Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this disclosure relates.

Oxidative stress, or high levels of free radicals in the body, cause many health problems and are virtually unavoidable. Oxidative stress reflects an imbalance between systemic signs of reactive oxygen species and the physical ability to easily detoxify reactive intermediates or repair the resulting damage. Disorders of the normal redox state of cells in the body can cause toxic effects through the production of peroxides and free radicals that damage all components of the cell, including proteins, lipids, and DNA. Oxidative stress due to oxidative metabolism causes base damage and strand breakage in DNA. In addition, some reactive oxygen species act as cellular messengers for redox signaling. Thus, oxidative stress can disrupt the body's normal mechanisms of cell signaling. In humans, oxidative stress is among several, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, cancer, Parkinson's disease, Lafora's disease, Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis, heart failure, myocardial infarction, fragile X syndrome, sickle cell disease, It is thought to be involved in the development of lichen planus, leukoplakia, autism, infections, chronic fatigue syndrome, and depression.

Chemically, oxidative stress is associated with increased production of oxidized species, or a marked decrease in the effectiveness of antioxidant defenses such as glutathione. Reduced glutathione (GSH) is often referred to as the body's major antioxidant. Glutathione is composed of three amino acids, including cysteine, glycine, and glutamine, which can be found in virtually every cell of the body. The highest concentrations of glutathione are typically found in the liver, where glutathione plays an important role in the body's natural detoxification process. This natural detoxification process is important to treat oxidative stress in the body and prevent the production of damaging peroxides and free radicals.

Glutathione is an important component of the body's natural defense system. Glutathione can be depleted by compositions or processes associated with free radical damage, including, for example, viral, bacterial, heavy metal toxicity, radiation, certain drug therapies, and aging processes. Glutathione depletion is associated with poor immune function, increased susceptibility to infections, and a reduced ability of the liver to detoxify the body. Oxidative stress occurs when the production of free radicals exceeds the body's ability to neutralize and eliminate them. The main function of glutathione is to relieve oxidative stress.

Reduced glutathione undergoes severe homeostatic regulation, both intracellularly and extracellularly. The dynamic balance is maintained between the synthesis of reduced glutathione and its recycling from oxidized glutathione and its utilization.

Reduced glutathione is utilized as a cofactor by multiple peroxidase enzymes to detoxify peroxides produced by oxygen radical attacks on biomolecules. Reduced glutathione is further utilized as a cofactor by transhydrogenases to reduce oxidized centers in DNA, proteins, and other biomolecules. Reduced glutathione is used to conjugate reduced glutathione with endogenous substances (eg, estrogen), exogenous electrophiles (eg, allene oxides, unsaturated carbonyls, organic halides), and various xenobiotics. It is further utilized as a cofactor by S-transferase (“GST”). The low activity of GST can increase the risk of disease, and paradoxically, some reduced glutathione conjugates can also be toxic.

Reduced glutathione can be depleted by direct attack by free radicals and other oxidizing substances. The homeostatic glutathione redox cycle seeks to maintain reduced glutathione in an abundant state when it is consumed. The amount available from food is limited (less than 150 mg / day) and oxidative depletion can be faster than synthetic.

The liver is the largest reservoir of reduced glutathione. Parenchymal cells synthesize reduced glutathione for P450 binding and many other metabolic requirements, and then excrete reduced glutathione as a systemic source of SH-reducing power. Reduced glutathione is carried through the bile to the luminal compartment of the intestine. The renal canaliculus, intestinal lining, and lung epithelial tissue have significant P450 activity and a modest ability to excrete reduced glutathione.

The equivalent of reduced glutathione circulates primarily in the blood as cystine (ie, an oxidized, more stable form of cysteine). Cells take cystine from the blood, reconvert it to cysteine, and form it to synthesize reduced glutathione. Conversely, inside the cell, reduced glutathione aids in the re-reduction of other oxidized antioxidants such as ascorbate and α-tocopherol.

Reduced glutathione is an important cytoprotectant that directly represses reactive hydroxyl-free radicals, other oxygen center-free radicals, and radical centers on DNA and other biomolecules. Reduced glutathione is the main protective agent for skin, lens, cornea, and retina against radiation damage, as well as other biochemical basis for P450 detoxification in liver, kidney, lung, intestine, epithelium, and other organs. ..

Reduced glutathione is an essential cofactor for many enzymes that require thiol reduction equivalents and helps maintain the redox-sensitive active site on the enzyme in the required reduced state. Higher thiol cell lines, metallothionein, thioredoxin, and other redox regulatory proteins are ultimately regulated by the level of reduced glutathione and the ratio of reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione. The balance between reduced glutathione and oxidized glutathione is essential for body homeostasis, stabilization of the cellular biomolecular spectrum, and promotion of cell performance and survival. Reduced glutathione and its metabolites coordinate with energy properties and neurotransmitter synthesis through several prominent metabolic pathways. The availability of reduced glutathione downregulates the pro-inflammatory potential of leukotrienes and other eicosanoids. Recently discovered S-nitroso metabolites produced in vivo from reduced glutathione and nitric oxide (NO) further diversify the effects of reduced glutathione on the body's metabolism.

According to the present disclosure, reduced glutathione supplements can be produced in an anaerobic environment using one or more non-reactive gases to ensure the maintenance of reduced glutathione rather than oxidized glutathione. In addition, oxygen scavenger water can be used as a base for supplements during the manufacturing process. By using deoxidized water, only a small amount of oxygen is available in water to convert reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione.

In certain embodiments of the present disclosure, compositions are disclosed for reducing oxidative stress in the user and / or improving free radical levels. The composition comprises an effective amount of reduced glutathione to reduce the user's oxidative stress and an oxygen scavenger aqueous solvent. In certain embodiments, the composition is encapsulated in aqueous solution. In certain embodiments, the composition is packaged in an airless dispenser configured to maintain an anaerobic environment.

Further embodiments of the present disclosure disclose methods of reducing oxidative stress in the user. The method comprises providing the composition to the user, the composition comprising an effective amount of reduced glutathione to reduce the user's oxidative stress and a deoxidized aqueous solvent. In certain embodiments, the composition is encapsulated within a phospholipid liposome structure and the composition is packaged in an airless dispenser configured to maintain an anaerobic environment.

Further embodiments of the present disclosure disclose methods of producing compositions that reduce the user's oxidative stress. The method comprises mixing reduced glutathione powder and deoxidized water in an anaerobic environment to form a reduced glutathione solution. The method comprises packaging the reduced glutathione solution in an airless dispenser in an anaerobic environment so that the reduced glutathione is substantially not exposed to an oxygen source from production to distribution.

In certain embodiments of the present disclosure, reduced glutathione is soluble in a deoxidized aqueous solvent. The deoxidized water solvent removes the dissolved oxygen (O ₂ ) gas from the water. Various techniques for removing dissolved oxygen from water are known in the art, for example, boiling water at atmospheric pressure, boiling water under reduced pressure, purging water with nitrogen gas (N ₂ ). This includes ultrasonic treatment of water under reduced pressure. In addition, water deoxidation can be performed by bioreactive processes, including, for example, yeast-based bioreactive processes. In certain embodiments, high-purity oxygenated water is utilized in combination with other components of the compositions disclosed herein.

Next, referring to the drawings, FIG. 1 illustrates the chemical structure 100 of reduced glutathione. As illustrated, reduced glutathione comprises glutamate 102, cysteine 104, and glycine 106. Reduced glutathione (GSH) is a linear tripeptide of L-glutamine, L-cysteine, and glycine. Reduced glutathione is technically referred to as N-L-γ-glutamyl-cystenylglycine or L-glutathione. This molecule contains a sulfhydryl (SH) group on the cystenyl moiety that is responsible for the strong electron donating feature, which can enable glutathione to reduce oxidative stress in the body. Glutathione is oxidized when electrons are lost, and two such molecules (lost electrons) are bound or dimerized by disulfide bridges. The dimerized molecule forms glutathione disulfide or oxidized glutathione (GSSG). This binding can be reversed upon re-reduction.

The synthesis of reduced glutathione involves two closely related, enzyme-controlled reactions that utilize adenosine triphosphate (ATP). First, cysteine and glutamate are combined by γ-glutamylcystenyl synthesizer. Second, reduced glutathione synthesizer combines γ-glutamylcysteine with glycine to produce reduced glutathione. As the level of reduced glutathione rises, the process is self-regulated for further production of reduced glutathione. In other situations, the availability of cysteine is usually rate-determining. Fasting, malnutrition of protein energy, and amino acid deficiency from other diets limit the synthesis of reduced glutathione. Regeneration of reduced glutathione is catalyzed by glutathione disulfide reductase, which uses the reduced equivalent from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) to reconvert oxidized glutathione to glutathione disulfide. The reducing power of ascorbate helps to preserve systemic reduced glutathione.

FIG. 2 illustrates the oxidation reaction 200 of reduced glutathione (GSH) 202 to oxidized glutathione (GSSG) 208. Reaction 200 produces two electrons and two protons, as shown by 206.

In certain embodiments of the present disclosure, the composition is provided to the user. The composition comprises a reduced glutathione powder with a purity of 99.9%. The reduced glutathione powder is solubilized in an oxygen scavenger aqueous solvent and encapsulated within a plant-derived phospholipid liposome structure. The composition comprises effective amounts of stevia, natural lemon essential oil, and natural peppermint essential oil to improve the overall flavor of the composition for human consumption. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises from about 525 mg to about 575 mg of reduced glutathione per 4 g of solution.

In certain embodiments, the resulting liquid composition is packaged in an airless dispenser configured to maintain the composition in an anaerobic environment. Therefore, the airless dispenser protects reduced glutathione from decomposition and conversion to oxidized glutathione. Applicants are aware that previously claimed supplements, including reduced glutathione, have been damaged by the odor of sulfur due to the strong oxidation of reduced glutathione. Thus, airless dispensers extend the useful life of reduced glutathione in the present disclosure by substantially eliminating contact between reduced glutathione and oxygen, even after the composition has been first used. Applicants have stated that as a result of other forms of packaging and delivery, reduced glutathione is in contact with oxygen, even if the production of reduced glutathione is first successful, and is therefore rapidly degraded, oxidized and oxidized. We are aware that it will be a type glutathione.

FIG. 3 shows a liposome structure 300 for microencapsulating the compositions of the present disclosure. A composition comprising reduced glutathione and an oxygen scavenger aqueous solvent can be microencapsulated within the liposome structure 300. In certain embodiments, the reduced glutathione and oxygen scavenger aqueous solvent are microencapsulated within plant-derived phospholipid liposomes.

The liposome structure 300 includes a lipid bilayer 312. The lipid bilayer 312 is formed by two layers of lipids having opposite orientations. Lipids are naturally occurring compounds that are insoluble in polar solvents such as water. Lipids are insoluble in water due to their long hydrophobic hydrocarbon chains. Hydrophobic chains may be saturated or unsaturated. Lipids further include glycerol molecules attached to long hydrophobic hydrocarbon chains. Depending on the type of lipid, the lipid may further contain other molecules such as phosphate groups. The lipid bilayer 312 includes a first layer of lipid, each having a first head group 302 and a first tail group 304. The lipid bilayer 312 comprises a second layer of lipid, each having a second head group 308 and a second tail group 306. As shown in the liposome structure 300 and the lipid bilayer 312, the first layer of lipid and the second layer of lipid are oriented in opposite directions. The orientation of this lipid is facilitated by the natural poor water solubility of long hydrophobic hydrocarbon chains. When the lipid is placed in water, the long hydrophobic hydrocarbon chains are insoluble in water, but since the head group is water soluble, the lipid can form liposome structure 300. The water-soluble head group can form a layer facing the aqueous solution both outside and inside the liposome structure 300. In contrast, the long hydrophobic hydrocarbon chains point towards the center of the lipid bilayer 312 and divert from the aqueous solutions located on the outside and inside of the liposome structure 300.

The lipid bilayer 312 of the liposome structure 300 forms the core 310. Other molecules or substances may be placed inside the core 310 of the liposome structure 300. In certain embodiments, the composition may be disposed within the core 310. The reduced glutathione and / or oxygen scavenger solvent can be disposed inside the core 310, and the reduced glutathione and / or oxygen scavenger solvent can be microencapsulated by the liposome structure 300.

In certain embodiments, the composition comprises reduced glutathione present in the composition in an amount of 5% to 20% by weight of the total composition. The composition further comprises a deoxidized aqueous solvent. The composition can be encapsulated by any suitable means. The composition can be encapsulated by "microencapsulation" with a biopolymer, polysaccharide, hydrocolloid, or rubber, and the composition can be encapsulated, in particular, within the liposome structure. In addition, the composition can be encapsulated in hard-shelled capsules and / or soft-shelled capsules.

In embodiments where the composition is encapsulated within capsules, the capsules are made from an aqueous solution of a gelling agent such as carrageenan and modified starches and celluloses, animal proteins or vegetable polysaccharides or derivatives thereof. obtain. Other ingredients may be added to the capsule, including plasticizers such as glycerin or sorbitol, to reduce the hardness of the capsule. In addition, ingredients such as colorants, preservatives, disintegrants, lubricants, and / or surface treatments may be added. In one practice, the composition is encapsulated in soft-shelled capsules, such as integrally molded gel encapsulation. Soft-shelled capsules can be an effective delivery system for oral drugs, especially poorly soluble drugs. Soft-shelled capsules may contain liquid components that enhance the solubility or permeability of the composition. In one practice, the composition is encapsulated in a hard-shelled capsule, such as a two-piece gel encapsulation. Hard-shelled capsules can be an effective delivery system for oral drugs, especially powdered drugs.

In embodiments where the composition is encapsulated by microencapsulation, the reduced glutathione and / or oxygen scavenger aqueous solvent is surrounded by a coating that facilitates the sustained release of reduced glutathione into the user's body. Microencapsulation is the process by which small particles or droplets are surrounded by a coating to produce small capsules. In the present disclosure, microencapsulation is used to confine reduced glutathione inside a micrometric wall made of a hard or soft soluble film. Can be done. Microencapsulation of reduced glutathione can promote sustained release of reduced glutathione and prevent the highly unstable degradation of oxidation of reduced glutathione. Microcapsules are small spheres with a uniform or predominantly uniform wall around them, which walls can be referred to as shells, coatings, membranes, or capsules. Microcapsules can have diameters from a few micrometers to a few millimeters. The walls of the microcapsules can be formed of lipids or polymers. Coating materials as an example for the walls of microcapsules include ethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, gelatin, and sodium alginate. In various embodiments, the composition is pan-coated, centrifugal extrusion, vibrating nozzle, spray drying, ionotropic gelation, coacervation-phase separation, It is microencapsulated by interfacial cross-linking, in-situ polymerization, and / or matrix polymerization.

The composition can be microencapsulated with a variety of different materials. The composition can be microencapsulated with a plant-derived material. Some plant-derived carbohydrate polymers suitable for microencapsulation are plant exudates such as starch, polysaccharides, cellulose, arabic gum, um karaya, and mesquito gum, as well as plants such as galactomannan and soluble soybeans. Contains extract. Some plant-derived proteins suitable for microencapsulation include gluten and isolates such as peas or soybeans. Some plant-derived lipids suitable for microencapsulation include fatty acids, alcohols, glycerides, waxes, and phospholipids. The composition can be microencapsulated with a substance of marine origin. Some marine-derived carbohydrate polymers suitable for microencapsulation include carrageenan and alginate. The composition can be microencapsulated with a substance of microbial or animal origin. Some microbial or animal-derived carbohydrate polymers suitable for microencapsulation include xanthan, gellan, dextran, and chitosan. Some microbial or animal-derived proteins suitable for microencapsulation include casein, whey protein, and gelatin. Some microbial or animal-derived lipids suitable for microencapsulation include fatty acids, alcohols, glycerides, waxes, and phospholipids.

In certain embodiments, the composition is microencapsulated with lipids. Lipids are totally insoluble in water and contain molecules and substances with significant differences and structural diversity, such as oils, fats, waxes, and phospholipids. The composition can be microencapsulated, especially with phospholipids. Phospholipids contain two long chain fatty acids and a hydroxyl group. Many types of phospholipids are possible due to various head group changes and fatty acyl substitutions at positions 1 and 2 of the glycerol backbone. Phospholipids can form liposome structures that encapsulate the reduced glutathione and / or oxygen scavenger solvent of the present disclosure. The liposome structure forms an aqueous interior that is separated from the aqueous exterior by one or more phospholipid bilayers. The manufacturing technique used and the mixing strength used determine the size of the liposome structure.

The microencapsulated composition containing reduced glutathione and an oxygen scavenger aqueous solvent shows surprisingly good results in maintaining reduced glutathione in a very unstable reduced form. If reduced glutathione remains reduced, reduced glutathione is effective in removing free radicals in the user's body, thereby "neutralizing" the free radicals or making them non-toxic in the body. It remains as it is. In addition, the microencapsulated compositions show surprisingly good results in promoting the sustained release of reduced glutathione into the body so that reduced glutathione is effectively used and not immediately oxidized. ..

Testing the Biological Efficacy of Compositions In one study conducted to test the efficacy of compositions containing reduced glutathione as disclosed above, the organism of reduced glutathione in the body. The scholarly efficacy and availability have been greatly improved compared to what is known in the art as GSH supplements. The composition provided surprisingly good results, given that what is known in the art as a GSH supplement could not actually deliver reduced glutathione to the user.

In one clinical study, a composition containing reduced glutathione in an oxygen scavenger solvent was provided to the user. The composition was encapsulated within a phospholipid liposome structure, packaged and delivered from an airless dispenser. The composition contained 550 ± 2 mg of reduced glutathione per 4 g of solution. The composition was given to three human volunteers as a liquid-based oral supplement and to one human volunteer as a locally applied, liquid-based topical therapeutic agent. Human serum levels of reduced and oxidized glutathione were first sampled prior to ingestion to establish baseline levels, and serum levels were sampled again three times over 8 hours after ingestion or application of the composition. Participants continued to take the composition at least 30 minutes before meals once every morning for 4 weeks. Participant serum levels were sampled weekly during the 4-week study period to collect data on the long-term effects of the composition.

Each participant experienced a short-term increase in serum levels of reduced glutathione, equal to an increase of at least 30% in the presence of reduced glutathione in serum. Each participant experienced a long-term tapering of oxidized glutathione, equal to a reduction of at least 30% in the presence of oxidized glutathione in serum. As discussed earlier, the ratio of reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione is an important and well-understood marker of cellular oxidative stress. The results of the clinical cases show that, although referred to as GSH supplements, the composition was bioavailable, unlike other pill and capsule delivery forms. In addition, the composition resulted in a long-term reduction in systemic cell oxidative stress in each participant.

In the study referenced above, four agreed to participate. Participants included one male and one female in the age range of 23-83. Participants were assigned numbers # 1 to # 4 as follows: (1) 61 year old female, (2) 55 year old male, (3) 23 year old female, (4) 83 year old female. Each participant was able to take the first serum collection each morning, but refrained from taking antioxidant dietary supplements during the 4-week study period. Participant blood was collected for baseline measurement by intravenous puncture at approximately 8:00 am. Serum was extracted, processed, and frozen for later analysis. Immediately after taking the baseline serum sample, participants consumed the composition by placing 4 mL of the liquid composition in the mouth and allowing it to chill in the mouth for 15-20 seconds before swallowing. Participants refrained from drinking for the next 15 minutes. Participants using this product applied approximately the same amount of composition topically to the abdomen and soft areas under the arms. Participant blood samples were taken again (against) 2, 6, and 8 hours after the first collection. Participants consumed the composition once daily in the morning for 4 weeks. Participant's blood was collected at approximately 10:00 am each week, strictly every 7 days, for 4 weeks. Participants were instructed to consume the composition 4 hours prior to harvesting. Serum was extracted, processed, and frozen for later analysis. All serum samples were analyzed within 30 days of collection.

Analysis of Serum Samples Serum samples were analyzed to determine levels of reduced and oxidized glutathione. Serum samples were analyzed using the Glutathione Fluorometeric Assay Kit (GSH, GSSG, and Total) k264 from BioVision, Milpitas, Calif. Wasatch Scientific Laboratories, Murray, Utah, USA, has contracted to perform the assay using BioVision's fluorescence analysis kits and methods. Whole blood samples were taken and immediately centrifuged to separate serum from erythrocytes and heavier components. Approximately 120 μL of serum was added to 40 μL of ice-cold perchlorate PCA buffer in 1 mL of aliquot. The solution was vortexed and stored on ice for 5 minutes. The solution was centrifuged at 13,000 G for 2 minutes, the supernatant was collected and frozen at -60 ° C.

FIG. 5 shows the standard curve for reduced glutathione in short-term analysis. Standard curves for reduced and oxidized glutathione were created, and then the prepared serum samples were tested at two dilutions to determine the optimal dilution for the best dynamic resolution of the assay. Samples were processed in duplicate pairs at selected dilutions and assayed. The results of each pair were examined for reproducibility and compared, and the optimal fit sample was used. FIG. 4 represents the mass of reduced glutathione (GSH) on x plotted against relative fluorescence units (RFU) on the y-axis in nanograms.

FIG. 5 shows the standard curve for reduced glutathione in long-term analysis. Standard curves for reduced and oxidized glutathione were created, and then the prepared serum samples were tested at two dilutions to determine the optimal dilution for the best dynamic resolution of the assay. Samples were processed in pairs of replicas at selected dilutions and assayed. The results of each pair were examined for reproducibility and compared, and the optimal fit sample was used. FIG. 4 represents the mass of reduced glutathione (GSH) on the x-axis plotted against relative fluorescence units (RFU) on the y-axis in nanograms. The results of the assay were compiled and displayed in the form of tables and graphs. In addition, ratiometric results of reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) whose output was directly proportional to the input were produced for each sample.

FIG. 6 shows the concentrations of reduced glutathione in each of the four participants mentioned above in the short-term analysis. FIG. 6 shows the concentration at μg / mL for each of the four possible serum collections for each of the four participants. Collection 1 is a baseline collection. Collection 2 was performed at baseline plus 4 hours. Collection 3 was performed at baseline plus 6 hours. Collection 4 was performed at baseline plus 8 hours. As shown in FIG. 6, all participants in the short-term analysis experienced increased serum levels of reduced glutathione. Elevated levels of reduced glutathione appeared to peak about 6-8 hours after ingestion. The increase in reduced glutathione was on average 30% higher than baseline levels. One female participant applied the composition topically and experienced elevated serum levels of reduced glutathione.

FIG. 7 shows the concentrations of oxidized glutathione in each of the four participants mentioned above in the short-term analysis. FIG. 7 shows the concentrations in μg / mL for each of the four possible serum collections for each of the four participants. Collection 1 is a baseline collection. Collection 2 was performed at baseline plus 4 hours. Collection 3 was performed at baseline plus 6 hours. Collection 4 was performed at baseline plus 8 hours. One female participant applied the composition topically and experienced elevated serum levels of reduced glutathione. As shown in FIG. 7, the concentration of oxidized glutathione appeared to react differently in each participant. The most significant change in the level of oxidized glutathione was a reduction of approximately 50% in Participant 1 who applied the composition topically. In Participants 3 and 4, levels of oxidized glutathione were, on average, slightly lower than baseline.

FIG. 8 shows the ratio of reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione for each participant in the short-term analysis. As shown in FIG. 8, the composition provided each participant with the benefits of short-term antioxidants. The reduced / oxidized glutathione ratio is recognized as the standard for measuring oxidative stress in cells. This study shows a trend in redox ratio over time. After ingestion, each participant experienced an increase in redox ratio compared to baseline, even 8 hours after consumption or application of the composition.

FIG. 9 shows the concentrations of reduced glutathione in each of the four participants mentioned above in the long-term analysis. FIG. 9 shows the concentration in μg / mL for each of the four participants who collected serum once a week three times. Collection 1 (not shown due to inspection error) was performed at 10:00 am, just one week after ingestion or application of the composition. Collection 2 was performed at 10:00 am two weeks after ingestion or application of the composition. Collection 3 was performed at 10:00 am, just three weeks after ingestion or application of the composition. Collection 4 was performed at 10:00 am, just four weeks after ingestion or application of the composition. Human serum samples were assayed for reduced and oxidized glutathione concentrations. The female of Participant 1 applied the composition topically, and Participants 2, 3 and 4 orally ingested the liquid-based composition.

As shown in FIG. 9, the serum levels of the participants' reduced glutathione show mixed results. Participants 1 and 3 show levels of reduced glutathione very close to baseline levels with no significant increase. Participants 2 and 4 showed a long-term increase in reduced glutathione levels, equal to about 20-22%. Long-term serum levels of reduced glutathione showed positive results in participants 2 and 4 when viewed alone.

FIG. 10 shows the concentrations of oxidized glutathione in each of the four participants mentioned above in the long-term analysis. FIG. 10 shows the concentration in μg / mL for each of the four participants who collected serum once a week three times. Collection 1 (not shown due to inspection error) was performed at 10:00 am, just one week after ingestion or application of the composition. Collection 2 was performed at 10:00 am two weeks after ingestion or application of the composition. Collection 3 was performed at 10:00 am, just three weeks after ingestion or application of the composition. Collection 4 was performed at 10:00 am, just four weeks after ingestion or application of the composition. Human serum samples were assayed for reduced and oxidized glutathione concentrations. The female of Participant 1 applied the composition topically, and Participants 2, 3 and 4 orally ingested the liquid-based composition.

As shown in FIG. 10, each of the four participants experienced a significant decrease in long-term levels of oxidized glutathione (GSSG). As discussed earlier, reduced glutathione is oxidized inside the cell and converted to oxidized glutathione according to reaction 200 shown in FIG. Some of the oxidized glutathione reciprocates between the cell and the intracellular space and blood. When calculating the reduced / oxidized glutathione ratio, the true reduction in cellular oxidation is evidence.

FIG. 11 shows the ratio of reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione in each of the four participants mentioned above in the long-term analysis. As shown in FIG. 11, each participant experienced a sustained and cumulative reduction in oxidative stress. The redox ratio of reduced / oxidized glutathione increased in all participants over the 4 weeks of ingestion or application of the composition. Applicants show that Participants 3 and 4 show a large age and health gap, one is a 23-year-old healthy woman and the other is an 83-year-old woman with age-related health problems. I noticed that. The composition had long-term positive effects on both young and older participants, with older participants experiencing a significant increase in the redox ratio. The data further show that Participant 1 experienced the redox benefit of topical application of the product. Applicants noted that only Participant 1 was applying about one-third of the dose compared to participants who took it orally and did not follow specific dosing instructions. The results of all participants underscore the benefits of the novel composition containing reduced glutathione disclosed herein.

FIG. 12 shows the ratio of reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione for each participant by comparing the long-term analysis with the baseline analysis. FIG. 12 shows a comparison of redox changes over time as a result of supplementation with the compositions disclosed herein. As shown in FIG. 12, all participants experienced a net average increase above the baseline redox ratio, with Participant 2 (55 year old male) and Participant 4 (83 year old female) having the largest increase. experienced. Applicants noted that Participant 1 (61 year old female) would have experienced higher results if she had more consistently followed the required dose of topical administration.

The effects of novel compositions containing reduced glutathione disclosed herein are the biological use of reduced glutathione, as indicated by the serum concentrations of reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG). It shows the ability and its short-term and long-term benefits in the human body. All participants experienced a marked increase in the GSH / GSSG redox ratio, which indicates a true reduction in cellular oxidative stress, and older participants (ages 55-83 years) experienced a higher ratio. There is. This is consistent with the assumption that oxidative stress in more cells is reduced in older participants.

The results of clinical cases ultimately reveal that the compositions disclosed herein deliver reduced glutathione effectively. The composition comprises reduced glutathione and a deoxidized aqueous solvent. The composition is said to deliver reduced glutathione, but is manufactured and packaged in an anaerobic environment, in stark contrast to previous supplements known in the art that deliver oxidized glutathione instead. .. Careful maintenance of the anaerobic state, as disclosed herein, undoubtedly yields unexpected results for compositions containing reduced glutathione (given considering all previous failures). The compositions disclosed herein provide increased levels of reduced glutathione, reduced cellular oxidative stress, and all the benefits that accompany it.

It should be recognized that in various embodiments, the dose can be adjusted depending on the effect on any given individual, as well as the biometrics of that individual. For example, a large person may require a higher dosage than a small person. Similarly, a person suffering from an acute illness may benefit from a high dose for some time until the illness is controlled, at which point a low dose provides adequate control over time. be able to.

Clinical Examples of Treatment of Skin Burns In one embodiment, the composition is provided for the treatment of burns and for the relief and healing of burn pain. In one study, the composition was applied topically to more than 200 patients experiencing severe pain caused by 1st, 2nd, or 3rd degree burns. Patients reported complete pain relief within minutes of topical application of the composition, and patients reported rapid healing of burns.

Clinical Examples of Treatment of Shingles and Postherpetic Neuralgia In one embodiment, the composition is provided for the treatment of shingles and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). In one study, the composition was provided to 103 patients for the treatment of shingles and / or PHN. Each of the more than 103 patients who participated in the study was over 70 years of age and had shingles active lesions and neuralgia for at least 3 years. The composition was topically applied to each of the 103 patients. Of the 103 patients, 98% reported pain relief within 34 minutes. The remaining 2% reported pain relief within 2 days. In this study, the incidence of postherpetic neuralgia was zero after topical application of the composition.

Clinical Examples of Treatment of Herpes Types 1 and 2 In one embodiment, the composition is provided for the treatment of herpes types 1 and / or type 2. In one study, the composition was applied topically to patients with type 1 or type 2 herpes lesions. Each patient reported pain relief and herpes symptoms resolution. In this study, the composition was reapplied to patients who experienced a recurrence of herpetic lesions, and the patients experienced rapid relief of pain and other symptoms.

In one study, the composition was applied topically for the treatment of cold sores (cold stores). The study included 12 patients who were experiencing herpes simplex and reported the sensation of developing herpes simplex lesions. In this study, the composition was applied topically to sites where patients reported the appearance of herpes simplex lesions. Herpes simplex lesions did not develop and did not appear in each of the 12 patients.

Clinical Examples of Treatment of Tardive Dyskinesia In one embodiment, the composition is provided for the treatment of tardive dyskinesia. In one study, the composition was applied topically over 6 weeks. In this study, the composition is applied topically to two patients. Each of the two patients experienced complete elimination of tardive dyskinesia. In this study, the two patients were wheelchair-bound and bedridden, respectively, for at least 10 years. After receiving a topical application of the composition for 6 weeks, the two patients were able to walk, eat, eat and talk, respectively. Patients admitted that they were aware of everything they had experienced during the decade of suffering from tardive dyskinesia.

Clinical Examples of Treatment of Diabetic Neuropathy In one embodiment, the composition is provided for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy. In one study, the composition was applied topically to over 100 patients. In this study, about 5 mL of the composition was locally rubbed on the feet and / or legs of each of more than 100 patients. In this study, patients reported experiencing complete pain relief after about 4 hours. In this study, patients reported complete permanent relief after receiving treatment for 3-6 months.

Clinical Examples of Treatment of Symptoms Associated with Epstein-Barr Virus In one embodiment, the composition is provided for the treatment of symptoms associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). In one study, the composition was provided to 25 patients for oral consumption. In this study, each of the 25 patients reported that their symptoms resolved 3-5 days after oral administration of the composition. In this study, the composition was provided to the patient at a dose of about 1100 mg / day.

In one embodiment, the composition may be provided for the treatment of cellular oxidative stress. If the composition is provided for the treatment of cellular oxidative stress, it can be taken orally or administered topically. Applicants noted that in a further embodiment, the composition can be administered intravenously or intramuscularly, or in tablet or powder form, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

In one embodiment, the composition is provided for the treatment of severe levels of free radicals in the body. In such embodiments, the composition may be prepared for immediate intravenous or intramuscular administration. The composition may be further or instead provided for oral ingestion or topical application. In such embodiments, the composition may be provided for regular administration after severe levels of free radicals in the body have been treated and reduced to safe levels.

In one embodiment, the composition is provided for the treatment of acetaminophen overdose. A molecule known as N-acetylcysteine (“NAC”) is known in the art for the treatment of acetaminophen overdose. The pharmaceutical NAC is used primarily for respiratory conditions in the medical setting to control acetaminophen overdose and prevent radio-contrast-induced nephropathy. However, the half-life of NAC is about 5.6 hours, and 30% of NAC is excreted by the body in the kidneys. Orally or inhaled NAC is associated with drowsiness, aphthous ulcer, cold, rhinorrhea, and hemoptysis, and NAC is a category B risk during pregnancy. In contrast to NAC, which has a very short half-life and molecular instability, the compositions disclosed herein have a lifespan of at least one year. Therefore, the compositions disclosed herein provide an alternative to NAC that is shelf-stable for extended periods of time and exhibits high feasibility and effectiveness.

Next, referring to FIG. 13, a schematic block diagram of method 1300 for improving the user's free radical levels is shown. At 1302, method 1300 is initiated and the composition is provided to the user. The composition comprises a reduced antioxidant and a deoxidized aqueous solvent. The composition is such that the antioxidant remains in its reduced state.

FIG. 14 is a schematic block diagram of Method 1400 to improve user free radical levels. At 1402, method 1400 is initiated and the composition is provided to the user. The composition comprises reduced glutathione, which is present in the composition in an amount of 5% to 20% by weight of the total composition. The composition comprises a deoxidized aqueous solvent. The composition comprises an effective amount of one or more preservatives. The composition comprises one or more natural perfume components in an effective amount to improve the overall flavor of the composition. The composition is microencapsulated. The composition is packaged in an airless dispenser configured to maintain an anaerobic environment.

In one embodiment, reduced glutathione powder with a purity of 99.9% is solubilized in deoxygenated water and encapsulated in a plant-derived phospholipid liposome structure. In this embodiment, the composition comprises from about 8% to about 14% by weight reduced glutathione. The composition comprises from about 4% to about 11% by weight sunflower lecithin. The composition comprises from about 0.2% to about 0.6% by weight lemon essential oil. The composition comprises from about 0.1% to about 0.5% peppermint essential oil. The composition comprises from about 0.01% to about 0.25% Stevia extract. The composition comprises sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate.

In certain embodiments of the present disclosure, the composition comprises high-purity reduced L-glutathione. In certain embodiments of the present disclosure, reduced glutathione has a purity of about 98% to about 99.9%. In certain embodiments, the purity is from about 90% to about 99.9%. In certain embodiments, the purity is from about 95% to about 99.9%. In certain embodiments, the purity is from about 99.0% to about 99.9%. It should be recognized that the various ranges of purity can be extracted from any of the aforementioned ranges, as if explicitly disclosed.

In certain embodiments of the present disclosure, the composition comprises sunflower lecithin. Lecithin is a fat found in multiple foods. Sunflower lecithin is a phospholipid containing phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylethanolamine, and omega-6 linoleic acid. Sunflower lecithin is associated with fat processing and cell membrane support. In certain embodiments of the present disclosure, sunflower lecithin is provided to encapsulate the composition and protect the reduced glutathione component.

In certain embodiments of the present disclosure, the composition comprises lemon essential oil. Lemon essential oil may be provided to improve the overall flavor of the composition. As disclosed, oxidized glutathione provides a sulfur odor that can be irritating or unpleasant to the user. In addition, the compositions of the present disclosure can be oxidized by oxygen in the air when the composition is ingested, which can cause the composition to become unpleasant to the user shortly before the user ingests the composition. .. Lemon essential oil can be provided to neutralize the sulfur odor of oxidized glutathione and enhance the flavor of the composition.

In certain embodiments of the present disclosure, the composition comprises a peppermint essential oil. As discussed earlier with respect to lemon essential oils, peppermint essential oils can be provided to improve the overall flavor of the composition and mask the sulfur odor produced by the oxidation of reduced glutathione.

In certain embodiments of the present disclosure, the composition comprises a stevia extract. As discussed earlier with respect to lemon and / or peppermint essential oils, stevia extracts can be provided to improve the overall flavor of the composition and mask the sulfur odor produced by the oxidation of reduced glutathione.

In certain embodiments of the present disclosure, the composition comprises sodium benzoate. Sodium has the chemical formula NaC ₇ H ₅ O ₂ . Sodium benzoate is known as a food preservative and has E number E211. Sodium benzoate is a sodium salt of benzoic acid and exists in the form when dissolved in water. As a food additive, sodium benzoate is bacteriostatic and fungal under acidic conditions. Sodium benzoate is included in the composition as a preservative in certain embodiments of the present disclosure.

In certain embodiments of the present disclosure, the composition comprises potassium sorbate. Potassium sorbate _has the chemical formula CH 3 CH = CH-CH = CH-CO 2 K. Potassium sorbate is a known food preservative and has E number E202. Potassium sorbate is known to suppress mold and yeast in a variety of foods and liquids. Potassium sorbate is included in the composition as a preservative in certain embodiments of the present disclosure.

〔Example〕
Table 1 below shows embodiments of the composition as an example. The components were dissolved in oxygen scavenging water and encapsulated within a plant-derived phospholipid liposome structure. The composition was packaged and stored in an airless dispenser.

Table 2 below shows embodiments of the composition as an example. The components were dissolved in oxygen scavenging water and encapsulated within a plant-derived phospholipid liposome structure. The composition was packaged and stored in an airless dispenser.

Table 3 below shows embodiments of the composition as an example. The components were dissolved in oxygen scavenging water and encapsulated within a plant-derived phospholipid liposome structure. The composition was packaged and stored in an airless dispenser.

Table 4 below shows embodiments of the composition as an example. The components were dissolved in oxygen scavenging water and encapsulated within a plant-derived phospholipid liposome structure. The composition was packaged and stored in an airless dispenser.

Table 5 below shows embodiments of the composition as an example. The components were dissolved in oxygen scavenging water and encapsulated within a plant-derived phospholipid liposome structure. The composition was packaged and stored in an airless dispenser.

Table 6 below shows embodiments of the composition as an example. The components were dissolved in oxygen scavenging water and encapsulated within a plant-derived phospholipid liposome structure. The composition was packaged and stored in an airless dispenser.

Table 7 below shows embodiments of the composition as an example. The components were dissolved in oxygen scavenging water and encapsulated within a plant-derived phospholipid liposome structure. The composition was packaged and stored in an airless dispenser.

Table 8 below shows embodiments of the composition as an example. The components were dissolved in oxygen scavenging water and encapsulated within a plant-derived phospholipid liposome structure. The composition was packaged and stored in an airless dispenser.

Table 9 below shows embodiments of the composition as an example. The components were dissolved in oxygen scavenging water and encapsulated within a plant-derived phospholipid liposome structure. The composition was packaged and stored in an airless dispenser.

Example 1 is a composition for reducing oxidative stress of the user. The composition comprises an effective amount of reduced glutathione to reduce the user's oxidative stress and an oxygen scavenger aqueous solvent.

Example 2 is the composition according to Example 1, and the composition is encapsulated in a phospholipid liposome structure.

Example 3 is the composition according to Example 1 or 2, and the composition is packaged in an airless dispenser configured to maintain an anaerobic environment.

Example 4 is the composition according to any one of Examples 1 to 3, and reduced glutathione constitutes about 8% by weight to about 14% by weight of the entire composition.

Example 5 is the composition according to any one of Examples 1 to 4, and the composition contains about 500 mg to about 600 mg of reduced glutathione per 4 g of the composition.

Example 6 is the composition according to any one of Examples 1 to 5, and reduced glutathione has a purity of about 98% to about 99.9%.

Example 7 is the composition according to any of Examples 1-6, further comprising an effective amount of sodium benzoate for preserving the composition.

Example 8 is the composition according to any one of Examples 1 to 7, further comprising an effective amount of potassium sorbate for storing the composition.

Example 9 is the composition according to any of Examples 1-8, further comprising an effective amount of a natural fragrance containing one or more of lemon essential oil, peppermint essential oil, and stevia extract.

Example 10 is the composition according to any of Examples 1-9, the composition being prepared for liquid oral consumption.

Example 11 is the composition according to any of Examples 1-10, the composition being prepared for topical application.

Example 12 is the composition according to any of Examples 1-11, the composition being prepared for intravenous or intramuscular administration.

Example 13 is the composition according to any one of Examples 1 to 12, and reduced glutathione constitutes about 4 g to about 20 g per 100 mL of deoxidized aqueous solvent.

Example 14 is a method of reducing the user's oxidative stress. The method comprises providing the composition to the user, the composition comprising an effective amount of reduced glutathione to reduce the user's oxidative stress and an oxygen scavenger aqueous solvent.

Example 15 is the method described in Example 14, in which the composition is encapsulated within a phospholipid liposome structure.

Example 16 is the method of Example 14 or 15, in which the composition is packaged in an airless dispenser configured to maintain an anaerobic environment.

Example 17 is the method according to any one of Examples 14 to 16, and reduced glutathione constitutes from about 8% to about 14% by weight of the entire composition.

Example 18 is the method according to any of Examples 14-17, wherein the composition comprises from about 500 mg to about 600 mg of reduced glutathione per 4 g of the composition.

Example 19 is the method according to any of Examples 14-18, and reduced glutathione has a purity of about 98% to about 99.9%.

Example 20 is the method according to any of Examples 14-19, and reduced glutathione has a purity of about 99.0% to about 99.9%.

Example 21 is the method according to any of Examples 14-20, wherein the composition further comprises an effective amount of sodium benzoate for storing the composition.

Example 22 is the method of any of Examples 14-21, wherein the composition further comprises an effective amount of potassium sorbate for storing the composition.

Example 23 is the method according to any of Examples 14-22, wherein the composition further comprises an effective amount of natural flavor to improve the overall flavor of the composition, the natural flavor is lemon. Contains one or more of essential oils, peppermint essential oils, and stevia extracts.

Example 24 is the method according to any of Examples 14-23, the composition is provided to the user for oral liquid consumption.

Example 25 is the method according to any of Examples 14-24, the composition is provided to the user for topical application.

Example 26 is the method of any of Examples 14-25, wherein the composition is provided to the user for intravenous or intramuscular administration.

Example 27 is the method according to any one of Examples 14 to 26, and reduced glutathione constitutes about 4 g to about 20 g per 100 mL of deoxidized aqueous solvent.

Example 28 is the method of any of Examples 14-27, the composition being provided to the user for short-term treatment of oxidative stress in cells.

Example 29 is the method of any of Examples 14-28, where the composition increases the serum level of the user's reduced glutathione by at least 25%.

Example 30 is the method of any of Examples 14-29 and the composition is provided for long-term treatment of cellular oxidative stress.

Example 31 is a composition. The composition comprises a reduced antioxidant and a deoxidized aqueous solvent. The composition is such that the antioxidant remains in its reduced state.

Example 32 is the composition of Example 31, and the composition is microencapsulated.

Example 33 is the composition according to Example 31 or 32, the composition being packaged in an airless dispenser configured to maintain an anaerobic environment.

Example 34 is the composition according to any one of Examples 31 to 33, the antioxidant is reduced glutathione, and the reduced glutathione comprises 8% to 14% by weight of the entire composition. To do.

Example 35 is the composition according to any one of Examples 31 to 34, and the composition is microencapsulated in the liposome structure.

Example 36 is the composition according to any of Examples 31 to 35, and the composition is microencapsulated in the gelatin composition.

Example 37 is the composition according to any one of Examples 31 to 36, the antioxidant is reduced glutathione, and the reduced glutathione is 98% to 99.9% in its dry state. Has purity.

Example 38 is the composition according to any one of Examples 31 to 37, and contains potassium sorbate, sodium benzoate, sorbic acid, benzoic acid, natural benzyl alcohol, elittlebic acid, sodium elittlebate, and gluconic acid. It further comprises an effective amount of one or more preservatives selected from the list containing monoiron, methylparaben, potassium benzoate, rosemary extract, and sodium citrate.

Example 39 is the composition according to any of Examples 31-38, which is lemon essential oil, peppermint essential oil, luo han guo (monk fruit) extract, ryuzetsuran, honey, natural sugar cane, glucose, fruit concentrate, natural. One or more effective amounts to improve the overall flavor of the composition, selected from a list containing fruit powder, spearmint essential oil, Himekouji essential oil, orange essential oil, tangerine essential oil, lavender essential oil, and stevia extract. Further contains the natural fragrance components of.

Example 40 is the composition according to any one of Examples 31 to 39, the antioxidant is reduced glutathione, and the composition is 4 g to 20 g of reduced glutathione per 100 mL of deoxidized aqueous solvent. Including.

Example 41 is the composition according to any of Examples 31-40, and the composition is provided to reduce the oxidative stress of the user.

Example 42 is the composition according to any of Examples 31-41, and the composition is provided to improve the free radical level of the user.

Example 43 is the composition according to any of Examples 31-42, and the composition is provided for the treatment of skin burns.

Example 44 is the composition according to any of Examples 31-43, and the composition is provided for the treatment of shingles.

Example 45 is the composition according to any of Examples 31-44, and the composition is provided for the treatment of herpes type 1 and / or herpes type 2.

Example 46 is the composition according to any of Examples 31-45, and the composition is provided for the treatment of tardive dyskinesia.

Example 47 is the composition according to any of Examples 31-46, and the composition is provided for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy.

Example 48 is the composition according to any of Examples 31-47, and the composition is provided for the treatment of symptoms associated with Epstein-Barr virus.

Example 49 is the composition according to any of Examples 31-58, the composition being prepared for administration by an inhaler.

Example 50 is the composition according to any of Examples 31-59, and the composition is prepared for topical administration.

Example 51 is the composition according to any of Examples 31-50, and the composition is prepared for intravenous administration.

Example 52 is the composition according to any of Examples 31-51, the composition being prepared for intramuscular or subcutaneous administration.

Example 53 is the composition according to any of Examples 31-52, the composition being prepared for liquid oral consumption.

Example 54 is the composition according to any of Examples 31-53, and the antioxidant is reduced glutathione.

According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the composition may include all, or some but not all, of the following components:
(A) Reduced L-glutathione;
(B) Deoxidized water;
(C) Sunflower lecithin;
(D) Lemon essential oil;
(E) Peppermint essential oil;
(F) Sodium benzoate;
(G) Potassium sorbate; and / or (h) Stevia extract.

Other embodiments of the composition may have, for example, the concentration of reduced L-glutathione as follows:
(A1) 5% by weight to 20% by weight of the entire composition;
(A2) 6% to 19% by weight of the entire composition;
(A3) 7% to 18% by weight of the entire composition;
(A4) 8% to 17% by weight of the entire composition;
(A5) 8% by weight to 16% by weight of the entire composition;
(A6) 8% by weight to 15% by weight of the entire composition;
(A7) 8% to 14% by weight of the entire composition;
(A8) 8% by weight to 13% by weight of the entire composition;
(A9) 9% to 14% by weight of the entire composition;
(A10) 10% by weight to 14% by weight of the entire composition;
(A11) 9% by weight to 13% by weight of the entire composition;
(A12) 10% to 12% by weight of the entire composition;
(A13) 10% by weight to 11% by weight of the entire composition.

For example, for component (c) described above, the amount of sunflower lecithin that can be contained in the final composition is based on the weight percent of the total weight of the final composition described herein. The composition may contain component (c) in concentrations such as:
(C1) 1% by weight to 20% by weight of the entire composition;
(C2) 2% to 19% by weight of the entire composition;
(C3) 3% to 18% by weight of the total composition;
(C4) 4% to 17% by weight of the entire composition;
(C5) 4% to 16% by weight of the entire composition;
(C6) 4% to 15% by weight of the total composition;
(C7) 4% to 14% by weight of the total composition;
(C8) 4% to 13% by weight of the entire composition;
(C9) 4% to 12% by weight of the total composition;
(C10) 4% to 11% by weight of the entire composition;
(C11) 5% by weight to 10% by weight of the entire composition;
(C12) 6% to 9% by weight of the total composition;
(C13) 6% by weight to 8% by weight of the entire composition.

The percentages, concentrations, and ratios mentioned above are presented as examples only and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit this disclosure to the exact percentages, concentrations, and ratios disclosed. It should be recognized that each value included in the disclosed scope is disclosed as if it were disclosed individually as set forth herein. For example, a range indicating a weight percent of about 8% to about 14% further includes a range that begins or ends with all values within that range, including, for example, 8.1%, 8.2%. , 8.3%, etc. are included.

Also, according to one or more non-limiting embodiments of the present disclosure, for example, any of the concentrations of component (a) or (c), as listed above, is the component (b), as listed above. ) And any of (d) to (h) can be indicated. For example, certain embodiments of the present disclosure include, for example, (a7) 8% to 14% by weight (by weigh) of reduced L-glutathione, and equal parts by weight of lemon and peppermint essential oils. May include. For example, the composition may include all, but not all, of the components (a)-(h).

The above description is presented for illustrative and explanatory purposes. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit this disclosure to the exact form disclosed. Many modifications and variants are possible in light of the above teachings. Furthermore, it should be noted that any or all of the above-mentioned alternative practices may be used in any combination desired to form the additional complex practices of the present disclosure.

Moreover, although the particular practice of the present disclosure has been described and exemplified, the present disclosure is not limited to the particular form or arrangement of the parts so described and exemplified. The scope of the present disclosure is defined by the scope of claims, the scope of any future claims presented in this specification and in different applications, and their equivalents.

[Implementation]
(1) In the composition
Reduced antioxidants and
With deoxidized water solvent,
Including
The composition is a composition in which the antioxidant remains in its reduced state.
(2) In the composition according to the first embodiment.
The composition, wherein the antioxidant is reduced glutathione.
(3) In the composition according to the first embodiment.
The composition is a microencapsulated composition.
(4) In the composition according to the first embodiment.
The composition is packaged in an airless dispenser configured to maintain an anaerobic environment.
(5) In the composition according to the first embodiment.
The antioxidant comprises 5% by weight to 20% by weight of the total composition.

(6) In the composition according to the first embodiment.
The composition is microencapsulated within the phospholipid liposome structure.
(7) In the composition according to the first embodiment.
The composition is microencapsulated within the gelatin composition.
(8) In the composition according to the first embodiment.
The antioxidant is reduced glutathione.
The composition contains 4 g to 20 g of reduced glutathione per 100 mL of the oxygen scavenger aqueous solvent.
(9) In the composition according to the first embodiment.
The antioxidant is reduced glutathione dissolved in the deoxidized aqueous solvent.
The reduced glutathione is a composition having a purity of 98% to 99.9% in a dry state.
(10) In the composition according to the first embodiment.
The composition is a composition prepared for liquid oral consumption.

(11) In the composition according to the first embodiment.
The composition is a composition prepared for topical application.
(12) In the composition according to the first embodiment.
The composition is a composition prepared for intravenous or intramuscular administration.
(13) In the composition according to the first embodiment.
The composition is a composition prepared for inhalation delivery.
(14) In the method
The composition comprises administering the composition to a user.
Reduced antioxidants and
Containing with deoxidized water solvent,
The method, wherein the composition is such that the antioxidant remains in its reduced state.
(15) In the method described in embodiment 14,
The method, wherein the antioxidant is reduced glutathione.

(16) In the method described in embodiment 14,
The method in which the composition is microencapsulated.
(17) In the method described in embodiment 14,
A method in which the composition is packaged in an airless dispenser configured to maintain an anaerobic environment.
(18) In the method described in embodiment 14,
The method, wherein the antioxidant comprises 5% to 20% by weight of the total composition.
(19) In the method described in embodiment 14,
A method in which the composition is microencapsulated within a phospholipid liposome structure.
(20) In the method described in embodiment 14,
A method in which the composition is microencapsulated within a gelatin composition.

(21) In the method described in embodiment 14,
The antioxidant is reduced glutathione.
The method, wherein the composition comprises 4 g to 20 g of reduced glutathione per 100 mL of the deoxidized aqueous solvent.
(22) In the method described in embodiment 14,
The antioxidant is reduced glutathione dissolved in the deoxidized aqueous solvent.
The method, wherein the reduced glutathione has a purity of 98% to 99.9% in a dry state.
(23) In the method described in embodiment 14,
The method, wherein the composition is administered by liquid oral consumption.
(24) In the method described in embodiment 14,
The method, wherein the composition is administered by topical application.
(25) In the method described in embodiment 14,
The method, wherein the composition is administered by intravenous or intramuscular administration.

(26) In the method described in embodiment 14,
The method, wherein the composition is administered by an inhaler.

The chemical structure of reduced glutathione (GSH) according to one practice consistent with the teachings and principles of the present disclosure is shown. The chemical oxidation reaction of reduced glutathione (GSH) to oxidized glutathione (GSSG) according to one practice consistent with the teachings and principles of the present disclosure is shown. The structure of the liposome and lipid bilayer is shown according to one practice consistent with the teachings and principles of the present disclosure. The standard curve of reduced glutathione by short-term analysis of clinical cases consistent with the teachings and principles of the present disclosure is shown. The standard curve of reduced glutathione by long-term analysis of clinical cases consistent with the teachings and principles of the present disclosure is shown. The concentration of reduced glutathione by short-term analysis of clinical cases consistent with the teachings and principles of the present disclosure is shown. The concentration of oxidized glutathione by short-term analysis of clinical cases consistent with the teachings and principles of the present disclosure is shown. The ratio of reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione by short-term analysis of clinical cases consistent with the teachings and principles of the present disclosure is shown. The concentration of reduced glutathione by long-term analysis of clinical cases consistent with the teachings and principles of the present disclosure is shown. The concentration of oxidized glutathione by long-term analysis of clinical cases consistent with the teachings and principles of the present disclosure is shown. The ratio of reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione by long-term analysis of clinical cases consistent with the teachings and principles of the present disclosure is shown. The ratio of reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione is shown by comparing long-term analysis and baseline analysis of clinical cases consistent with the teachings and principles of the present disclosure. Shown is a schematic flow chart of methods for improving user free radical levels that are consistent with the teachings and principles of the present disclosure. Shown is a schematic flow chart of methods for improving user free radical levels that are consistent with the teachings and principles of the present disclosure.

Claims (18)

In the composition
With reduced glutathione ,
With deoxidized water solvent,
Including
The composition is such that the reduced glutathione remains in its reduced state. In the composition according to claim 1,
The composition is a microencapsulated composition. In the composition according to claim 1,
The composition is packaged in an airless dispenser configured to maintain an anaerobic environment. In the composition according to claim 1,
The reduced glutathione is a composition which constitutes 5% by weight to 20% by weight of the whole composition. In the composition according to claim 1,
The composition is microencapsulated within the phospholipid liposome structure. In the composition according to claim 1,
The composition is microencapsulated within the gelatin composition. In the composition according to claim 1 ,
Before SL composition comprises said reduced glutathione of the deoxygenated water solvent 100mL per 4G～20g, composition. In the composition according to claim 1,
The reduced glutathione is dissolved in the deoxygenated water solvent,
The reduced glutathione is a composition having a purity of 98% to 99.9% in a dry state. In the composition according to claim 1,
The composition is a composition prepared for liquid oral consumption. In the composition according to claim 1,
The composition is a composition prepared for topical application. In the composition according to claim 1,
The composition is a composition prepared for intravenous or intramuscular administration. In the composition according to claim 1,
The composition is a composition prepared for inhalation delivery. In the composition according to claim 1,
The reduced glutathione is a composition which constitutes 8% by weight to 14% by weight of the whole composition. In the composition according to claim 1,
The composition comprises 500 mg to 600 mg of the reduced glutathione per 4 g of the composition. In the composition according to claim 1,
Selected from potassium sorbate, sodium benzoate, sorbic acid, benzoic acid, natural benzyl alcohol, elittlebic acid, sodium elittlebitate, ferrous gluconate, methylparaben, potassium benzoate, rosemary extract, and sodium citrate A composition further comprising an effective amount of one or more preservatives. In the composition according to claim 1,
Lemon essential oil, peppermint essential oil, luo han guo (monk fruit) extract, ryuzetsuran, honey, natural sugar cane, glucose, fruit concentrate, natural fruit powder, spare mint essential oil, himekouji essential oil, orange essential oil, tangerine essential oil, lavender essential oil, and stevia A composition selected from the extracts, further comprising an effective amount of one or more natural fragrance components to improve the overall flavor of the composition. Use of the composition according to claim 1, for the preparation of a medicament for treating oxidative stress of cells in a subject. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition is packaged in an airless dispenser configured to maintain an anaerobic environment.
The reduced glutathione is present in an amount of 5% to 20% by weight of the total composition.
The reduced glutathione is microencapsulated in a phospholipid liposome structure or in a gelatin composition.
The reduced glutathione is a composition having a purity of 98% to 99.9% in a dry state.

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