JP6794248B2 - Power supply and demand control system, computer program for power supply and demand control, and power supply and demand control method - Google Patents

Description

The present embodiment relates to an electric power supply and demand control system that controls the supply and demand of an electric power system, a computer program for electric power supply and demand control, and an electric power supply and demand control method.

In order to provide a stable supply of electric power, it is necessary to control the supply and demand of the electric power system. As a supply and demand control system for this type of power system, a power supply and demand control system that controls supply and demand using load frequency control and economic load distribution control is known.

JP 2001-238355

Conventionally, load frequency control and economic load distribution control have been generally used for power supply and demand control. Due to the recent liberalization of electric power, new electric power companies have entered the electric power business, and it has become necessary to manage electric power charges in detail. For this reason, it has become necessary to perform power supply and demand control that matches the power demand and supply in a short time.

However, in the conventional load frequency control, it takes a certain response time for the power generation facility to generate a desired amount of power generation, so that a time delay occurs until the power supply meets the demand. Such a time delay in power supply not only causes instability of the voltage and frequency of the power system, but also may cause the output of the generator to induce a hunting phenomenon in response to the command of the generator.

In this embodiment, the output of the generator is less likely to cause a hunting phenomenon with respect to the command of the generator, the stability of the voltage and frequency of the power system can be improved, and the power supply and demand control with excellent economy is performed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a power supply and demand control system, a computer program for power supply and demand control, and a power supply and demand control method.

The power supply and demand control system of the present embodiment is characterized by having the following configuration.
(1) Multiple power generation facilities that supply power to the power system.
(2) A renewable energy power generation facility that supplies electric power to the electric power system.
(3) A detection device that measures the frequency change amount of the power system, the interconnection power flow power change amount, and the interchangeable power amount updated at a predetermined cycle .

(4) A control device including the following, which indicates a power generation target value to the plurality of power generation facilities.
(4-1) An AR calculation unit that calculates a regional required power (AR value) based on the frequency change amount, the interconnection power flow power change amount, and the interchangeable power amount detected by the detection device.
(4-2) An AR smoothing unit that frequency-decomposes the regional required power (AR value) calculated by the AR calculation unit.
(4-3) A target value creating unit that calculates the power generation target value for each of the plurality of power generation facilities based on the regional required power (AR value) frequency-decomposed by the AR smoothing unit.
(4-4) The regional required power (AR value) is calculated including a predicted change amount of the interchangeable electric energy based on the interchangeable electric energy detected by the detection device.

The figure which shows the electric power supply and demand control system which concerns on 1st Embodiment The figure which shows the operation flow of the power supply and demand control system which concerns on 1st Embodiment The figure which shows the operation flow of the AR distribution part of the power supply and demand control system which concerns on 1st Embodiment Time chart when supply and demand control is performed at 30-minute intervals Time chart when supply and demand control is performed at 5-minute intervals Time chart when supply and demand control is performed at 5-minute intervals including the predicted change in the interchangeable electric energy according to the first embodiment. Time chart when supply and demand control is performed at 5-minute intervals, including the predicted change in the interchangeable electric energy according to other embodiments. A diagram showing the relationship between the power generated by the power generation facility and the power generated by the renewable energy power generation facility. Diagram for explaining the method of calculating the demand forecast value from the demand forecast value calculated in the past and the actual demand Diagram for explaining how to calculate the renewable energy forecast value from the renewable energy forecast value calculated in the past and the renewable energy demand record.

[First Embodiment]
[1-1. Constitution]
An electric power supply / demand control system will be described as an example of the present embodiment with reference to FIG. In the present embodiment, when there are a plurality of devices and members having the same configuration, they will be described with the same number, and when each of the devices and members having the same configuration will be described. Distinguish by adding alphabetic subscripts to common numbers.

(1) Overall System Configuration This power supply and demand control system includes a plurality of power generation facilities 1, a renewable energy power generation facility 2, a detection device 3, and a control device 4 connected to the power system 9a. The power system 9a is connected to another power system 9b (hereinafter collectively referred to as another system 9b) via an interconnection line 9c. Further, each power generation facility 1 is connected to the control device 4 by a signal line 7 for detection and a signal line 8 for control.

In this power supply and demand control system, the following data is input, output, transmitted / received, or stored. In addition, hereinafter, "regional power requirement" may be referred to as "AR" and "economic load distribution" may be referred to as "ELD". The "actual demand value" means the value of the actually requested power, not the value of the power actually supplied.
a1. Power generation value for each power generation facility b1. Power generation value for each renewable energy power generation facility 2 c1. Frequency change: ΔF
c2. Amount of change in tidal current power in the interconnection line with other system 9b: ΔPT
c3. Flexible power of power system 9a: P0
d1. Power generation target value f1. AR value before smoothing f2. AR value after smoothing f3. Distributed AR value g1. Actual demand value on the day g2. Demand forecast value on the previous day g3. Actual value of natural energy on the day (output value of natural energy on the day)
g4. Predicted value of renewable energy the day before g5. ELD value (calculation result of economic load distribution)

(2) Power generation equipment 1
The power generation facility 1 is a power supply facility that generates electric power with a generator and supplies electric power to the electric power system 9a. The power generation facility 1a is composed of a high-speed machine having a high output change speed, for example, a hydraulic aircraft. The power generation facility 1b is composed of a medium-speed machine having a slightly slow output change rate, for example, an oil-fired machine. The power generation facility 1n is composed of a low-speed machine such as a coal-fired machine having an extremely slow output change rate. The power generation facility 1 transmits the data of a1 to the control device 4 via the signal line 7. The power generation facility 1 is controlled from the control device 4 via the control line 8.

(3) Renewable energy power generation equipment 2
The renewable energy power generation facility 2 is a power supply facility that generates electricity with a photovoltaic power generation device and supplies power to the power system 9a. The renewable energy power generation facility 2 transmits the data of b1 to the control device 4.

(4) Detection device 3
The detection device 3 is a measuring device that detects the amount of electricity in the power system 9a. The detection device 3 is arranged in the power system 9a. The detection device 3 detects the items c1 to c3 related to the power system 9a and notifies the control device 4.

(5) Control device 4
The control device 4 is composed of a personal computer or the like. The control device 4 is arranged in a control room or the like that monitors and controls electric power. In the control device 4, the data of the above a1 transmitted from the power generation facility 1, the data of the above b1 transmitted from the renewable energy power generation facility 2, and the data of the above c1 to c3 regarding the power system 9a transmitted from the detection device 3 are Entered. The control device 4 performs an operation related to supply and demand control and transmits the data of d1 to the power generation facility 1.

The control device 4 includes an input unit 41, an output unit 42, a target value creation unit 43, an AR calculation unit 44, an AR smoothing unit 45, an AR distribution unit 46, an aggregate demand calculation unit 47, a storage unit 48, and an ELD schedule calculation unit 49. Have. The input unit 41 and the output unit 42 of the control device 4 are composed of hardware. The target value creation unit 43, the AR calculation unit 44, the AR smoothing unit 45, the AR distribution unit 46, the total demand calculation unit 47, the storage unit 48, and the ELD schedule calculation unit 49 are composed of software modules as functional blocks.

The input unit 41 is composed of a receiving circuit. The input side 41 is connected to the power generation facility 1 via the signal line 7, and the output side is connected to the target value creating unit 43. The data of a1 transmitted from the power generation facility 1 is input to the input unit 41. The input unit 41 outputs the data of a1 for each power generation facility 1 to the target value creating unit 43.

The output unit 42 is composed of a transmission circuit. The output unit 42 is connected to the target value creation unit 43 on the input side and to the power generation facility 1 via the control line 8 on the output side. The output unit 42 receives the data of d1 transmitted from the target value creation unit 43 and outputs it to the power generation facility 1.

The target value creating unit 43 is a functional block composed of software modules in the control device 4. The target value creating unit 43 inputs the data of the power generation facilities 1 to a1, the data of the AR distribution units 46 to f3, and the data of the ELD schedule calculation unit 49 to g5.

The target value creating unit 43 outputs the data of d1 to the output unit 42 based on the data of the above a1, f3, and g5.

The AR calculation unit 44 is a functional block composed of software modules in the control device 4. The AR calculation unit 44 inputs data from the renewable energy power generation facility 2 to b1 and data from the detection device 3 to c1 to c3.

The AR calculation unit 44 calculates the AR value based on the data of the above b1, c1 to c3, and outputs the data of f1 to the AR smoothing unit 45.

The AR smoothing unit 45 is a functional block configured by a software module in the control device 4. The data of f1 is input from the AR calculation unit 44 to the AR smoothing unit 45. The AR smoothing unit 45 performs frequency decomposition based on the data of f1 and outputs the data of f2 to the AR distribution unit 46.

The AR distribution unit 46 is a functional block composed of software modules in the control device 4. The AR distribution unit 46 receives the data of f2 from the AR smoothing unit 45. The AR smoothing unit 45 calculates the power generation distribution for each power generation facility 1 based on the data of f2, and outputs the data of f3 to each target value creating unit 43.

The aggregate demand calculation unit 47 is a functional block composed of software modules in the control device 4. The total demand calculation unit 47 inputs the data of a1 transmitted from each power generation facility 1 and the data of b1 transmitted from each renewable energy power generation facility 2.

The total demand calculation unit 47 calculates the data of the above a1 and b1 by cumulative addition, and calculates the daily total demand value and the demand forecast value at the power generation end. Then, the data of g1 to g4 are created and sequentially output to the storage unit 48.

The storage unit 48 is composed of a storage medium such as a conductor memory or a hard disk. The storage unit 48 stores the above data of g1 to g4. Each of the above data is stored together with the data creation time.

The ELD schedule calculation unit 49 is a functional block composed of software modules in the control device 4. The ELD schedule calculation unit 49 distributes the economic load based on the above-mentioned data of g1 to g4 stored in the storage unit 48, creates the data of g5, and outputs the data to each target value creation unit 43.

[1-2. Action]
First, a general relationship between power supply and demand control and this embodiment will be described.

The load on the power system fluctuates according to the season and time. The load fluctuation of the electric power system can be considered by classifying it into the following three categories (a), (b), and (c).
(B) Cyclic minutes: Load fluctuations with a minute cycle from a few seconds to a few minutes cycle are called cyclic minutes. It is considered that pulsating components with various vibration cycles with small fluctuation widths and irregular fluctuation components are superimposed.
(B) Fringe component: A short-period load fluctuation from a few minutes to a dozen minutes is called a fringe component.
(C) Sustained component: A long-period load fluctuation of 10 minutes or more is called a suspended component.

Of the cyclic components that are minute-cycle load fluctuations, the minute-cycle load fluctuations are adjusted from the load characteristics of the system. Of the cyclic amount, the load fluctuation over the above-mentioned cycle is adjusted by the governor of the power plant operated in a governor-free operation. Of the cyclic amount, the load fluctuation of the above-mentioned cycle or longer is adjusted by the control by the control device installed at the central power supply command center of the electric power company.

The load fluctuation of the fringe, which is a short-cycle load fluctuation, cannot be adjusted only by governor-free because the fluctuation amount is larger than that of the cyclic portion. The load fluctuation for the fringe is adjusted by detecting the frequency deviation and the amount of power fluctuation by the load frequency control (LFC) and controlling the output of the generator.

The suspended load fluctuation, which is a long-period load fluctuation, has a large fluctuation amount and can be considered as a part of the load fluctuation in the daily load curve. The load fluctuation for the suspend cannot be adjusted to the desired amount of power generation due to the insufficient power generation capacity of the power generation facility in the load frequency control. The load fluctuation for the suspend is adjusted by the economic load distribution control (ELD: Economic Load Dispatch), which is the economic operation of the power plant.

Load frequency control and economic load distribution control are important functions of the central power supply command center in electric power companies. Load frequency control (LFC) aims to keep the interconnection line power flow and system frequency constant. Economic load distribution control (ELD) aims to carry out the most economical power operation. Hereinafter, the load frequency control (LFC) and the economic load distribution control (ELD) are collectively referred to as supply and demand control.

Load frequency control (LFC) is performed by adjusting the output of each power generation facility according to the frequency of the system and the tidal current power in the interconnection line with other systems. Load frequency control (LFC) output adjustment is not performed for all power generation facilities, but is medium for high-speed machines such as hydraulic aircraft and oil-fired machines that can respond to relatively fast output fluctuations. Performed on speed machines. Load frequency control (LFC) output adjustment is not performed for low speed machines such as coal-fired machines, nuclear power units, or power generation facilities that want to avoid output fluctuations in operation. In the load frequency control (LFC), the output is adjusted from the central power supply command center, and there is a delay of about several tens of seconds before the output fluctuates to a desired output.

Load frequency control (LFC) is classified into the following three methods.
(A) Constant frequency control (FFC): A control method that detects the amount of frequency change (ΔF), adjusts the output of the power generation equipment so as to reduce ΔF, and controls so that only the system frequency is kept at the specified value. ..
(B) Constant interconnection power control (FTC): Detects the amount of change (ΔPT) in the tidal current power in the interconnection line, adjusts the output of the power generation facility so as to reduce ΔPT, and only the tidal current power in the interconnection line. A control method that controls to keep the specified value.
(C) Frequency bias linked line power control (TBC): The frequency change amount (ΔF) and the change amount of the tidal current power (ΔPT) in the interconnection line are detected, the regional required power (AR) is calculated, and the regional required power is calculated. A control method that controls the output of power generation equipment according to (AR).

Currently, frequency bias linked power control (TBC) is adopted by most Japanese power companies. In this embodiment, the frequency bias linked line power control (TBC) is controlled.

[Outline of operation of the entire control device 4]
Next, an outline of the operation of the power supply / demand control system of the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a computer program for power supply / demand control built in the control device 4. The control device 4 operates and performs calculations according to the following procedure.

(Step S20: Calculation of f1 "AR value before smoothing" by AR calculation unit 44)
The following signals are input to the AR calculation unit 44 via the communication unit (not shown in the figure).
The following signals transmitted from the renewable energy power generation facility 2 b1. The following signals transmitted from the generated power value detection device 3 for each renewable energy power generation facility 2 c1. Frequency change: ΔF
c2. Amount of change in tidal current power in the interconnection line with other system 9b: ΔPT
c3. Flexible power of power system 9a: P0

Based on the parameters b1 and c1 to c3, the AR calculation unit 44 calculates f1 "AR value before smoothing". f1 "AR value before smoothing" is calculated by the following calculation formula (1).
AR value before smoothing = -K · ΔF + ΔPT + (P0 (n + 1) -P0 (n)) ... (1)
AR value: Regional power requirement [MW]
K: System constant [MW / Hz]
ΔF: Frequency deviation [Hz]
ΔPT: Change in tidal current power in the interconnection line P0 (n): Value of interchangeable power P0 at the current time (n) [MW]
P0 (n + 1): Value of interchangeable electric energy P0 at the next P0 update time (n + 1) [MW]
In the above equation (1), the power flow direction of the electric power flowing into the own system is set as a positive value. (P0 (n + 1) -P0 (n)) is the predicted change amount of the interchangeable electric energy.

(Step S21: Calculation of f2 “AR value after smoothing” by AR smoothing unit 45)
Based on f1 "AR value before smoothing" calculated by AR calculation unit 44 in step 20, f2 "AR value after smoothing" is calculated by AR smoothing unit 45. The f2 “AR value after smoothing” is calculated by frequency-decomposing f1 “AR value before smoothing” by Fourier expansion.

(Step S22: Calculation of f3 "allocated AR value" by the AR allocation unit 46)
In step 21, the AR distribution unit 46 calculates f3 “allocated AR value” based on f2 “AR value after smoothing” frequency-decomposed by the AR smoothing unit 45. The f3 “allocated AR value” is the amount allocated to each power generation facility 1, and is calculated according to the output response speed or the output margin of the power generation facility 1. The operation of the frequency allocation will be described later.

(Step S31: Demand calculation by aggregate demand calculation unit 47)
In parallel with steps 20 to 22 above, the aggregate demand calculation unit 47 performs calculations related to demand calculation. The following signals are input to the total demand calculation unit 47.
The following signals transmitted from each power generation facility 1 a1. Power generation value for each power generation facility 1 The following signals transmitted from each renewable energy power generation facility 2 b1. Power generation value for each renewable energy power generation facility 2

The data of a1 and b1 are cumulatively added, and the following data is created daily by the aggregate demand calculation unit 47 and stored in the sequential storage unit 48.
g1. Actual demand value on the day g2. Demand forecast value on the previous day g3. Actual value of natural energy on the day (output value of natural energy on the day)
g4. Renewable energy forecast value the day before

(Step S32: ELD schedule calculation by ELD schedule calculation unit 49)
Next, based on the above g1 to g4 stored in the storage unit 48 in step 31 and f2 “AR value after smoothing” frequency-decomposed by the AR smoothing unit 45 in step 21, each power generation facility 1 is operated by the ELD schedule calculation unit 49. The economic load is allocated to the power generation facility 1, and the following values are calculated for each power generation facility 1.
g5. ELD value The above-mentioned g5 “ELD value” is a generated power value scheduled and distributed for each power generation facility 1 so that the power supply and demand control system as a whole becomes economical.

(Step S23: Calculation of d1 "power generation target value" by the target value creation unit 43)
The following signals are input to each target value creating unit 43 (43a, 43b, 43n).
The following data output from the input unit 41 a1. Power generation value for each power generation facility 1 The following data for each power generation facility 1 calculated by the AR distribution unit 46 in step 22 f3. Allotted AR value The following data calculated by ELD schedule calculation 49 in step 32 g5. ELD value

Each target value creation unit 43 calculates d1 “power generation target value” for each power generation facility 1 based on the above a1, f3, and g5.

(Step S24: Transmission of d1 "power generation target value" by the output unit 42)
The d1 “power generation target value” calculated in step S23 is sent to each power generation facility 1 by the output unit 42.

[Operation of AR smoothing unit 45]
Next, the operation of the AR distribution unit 46 will be described. FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a computer program of the AR distribution unit 46, which is a functional block composed of software modules.

(Step S41: Acquisition of f2 “AR value after smoothing”)
In step S21, the frequency-decomposed f2 “AR value after smoothing” is acquired by the AR smoothing unit 45. This f2 “AR value after smoothing” is a value calculated by frequency-resolving the regional required power (AR) value by Fourier expansion by the AR smoothing unit 45 in step S21.

(Step S42: Judgment as to whether the cycle is 10 seconds to 2 minutes)
Of the f2 “AR value after smoothing” acquired in step S41, the area required power (AR) value having a cycle of 10 seconds to 2 minutes is determined. Of the f2 “AR value after smoothing”, the regional required power (AR) value (“YES” in S42) having a cycle of 10 seconds to 2 minutes is transferred to step S43 and processed. On the other hand, of the f2 “AR value after smoothing”, the area required power (AR) value (“NO” in S43) that does not correspond to the cycle of 10 seconds to 2 minutes is transferred to step S44 and processed.

(Step S43: Shared by high-speed generator)
In step S42, the regional required power (AR) value determined to have a cycle of 10 seconds to 2 minutes out of the f2 “AR value after smoothing” is to be generated by a high-speed generator (for example, a hydroelectric machine). Is shared by.

(Step S44: Determining whether the cycle is 2 to 10 minutes)
Of the f2 "AR value after smoothing" in step 42, the area required power (AR) value determined not to correspond to the cycle of 10 seconds to 2 minutes is 2 minutes to 10 of the "AR value after smoothing". The area required power (AR) value, which is a minute cycle, is determined. Of the f2 “AR value after smoothing”, the regional required power (AR) value (“YES” in S44) having a cycle of 2 to 10 minutes is transferred to step S45 and processed. On the other hand, of the f2 “AR value after smoothing”, the regional required power (AR) value (“NO” in S43) that does not correspond to the 2 to 10 minute cycle is shifted to step S46 and processed.

(Step S45: Shared by medium-speed generator)
In step 44, the regional required power (AR) value determined to have a cycle of 2 to 10 minutes out of the f2 “AR value after smoothing” is generated by a medium-speed generator (for example, an oil-fired power generator). Shared to do.

(Step S46: Shared by low-speed generator)
In step 44, the regional required power (AR) value determined not to correspond to the 2 to 10 minute cycle of f2 "AR value after smoothing" is generated by a low-speed generator (for example, a coal-fired power generator). Shared to do.

[Operation of AR calculation unit 44]
Next, the operation details of the AR calculation unit 44 will be described including the operation principle. The AR calculation unit 44 calculates f1 “pre-smoothing AR value” based on the following data of b1, c1, c2, and c3.
b1. Power generation value for each renewable energy power generation facility 2 c1. Frequency change: ΔF
c2. Amount of change in tidal current power in the interconnection line with other system 9b: ΔPT
c3. Flexible power of power system 9a: P0

The f1 “AR value before smoothing” is calculated by the AR calculation unit 44 according to the equation (1).
AR value before smoothing = -K · ΔF + ΔPT + (P0 (n + 1) -P0 (n)) ... (1)
AR value: Regional power requirement [MW]
K: System constant [MW / Hz]
ΔF: Frequency deviation [Hz]
ΔPT: Change in tidal current power in the interconnection line P0 (n): Value of interchangeable power P0 at the current time (n) [MW]
P0 (n + 1): Value of interchangeable electric energy P0 at the next P0 update time (n + 1) [MW]
Here, P0 is a flexible power. The interchangeable power means the power to be superimposed on the power system 9a from the other power system 9b according to the excess or deficiency of the power of the power system. Each electric power company publishes a power generation plan for electric power. From this power generation plan, it is possible to predict P0 (n + 1), which is the amount of power interchanged at the next update time (n + 1). In the above equation (1), the power flow direction of the electric power flowing into the own system is set as a positive value. (P0 (n + 1) -P0 (n)) is the predicted change amount of the interchangeable electric energy.

With the recent liberalization of electric power, the update cycle of the amount of interchangeable electric power between power systems tends to be shortened. When the renewal cycle is shortened and the interchangeable electric energy is increased or decreased in a relatively short time, the interconnection line power flow change amount (ΔPT) suddenly changes at the timing when the interchangeable electric energy is renewed, and the supply and demand is unbalanced. An increase in the amount of balance occurs. Along with this, it is required to control the regional required power (AR value) to rapidly increase or decrease in a short time (renewal cycle of the accommodation amount).

However, since the followability of the power generation output of the power generation facility 1 is slow, it may induce a hunting phenomenon in which the power generation amount increases when the power generation amount should be reduced. For example, when the control of the increase phenomenon of the power generation amount is repeated in a short cycle of about 5 minutes, this hunting phenomenon is likely to occur.

In order to eliminate this hunting phenomenon, f1 "pre-smoothing AR value" including the change in P0 is calculated in advance before the interchangeable electric energy P0 changes as in the equation (1). Then, by instructing the power generation facility 1 to d1 “power generation target value” based on this f1 “pre-smoothing AR value”, a sudden change in the interconnection line power flow change amount (ΔPT) is avoided. That is, the change amount of the interchangeable electric energy P0 is predicted in advance, and d1 "power generation target value" including the predicted change amount of the interchangeable electric energy is transmitted to the power generation facility 1.

More specifically, it will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 7. In FIGS. 4 to 7, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents the required interchangeable electric energy P0 and the amount of power generated by the power generation facility 1.

FIG. 4 is a time chart when supply and demand control is performed at intervals of 30 minutes. If the supply and demand control is performed at intervals of 30 minutes, the supply and demand imbalance temporarily increases at the time of renewal, but after 30 minutes at the time of the next renewal, the power generation amount of the power generation facility 1 is the required flexible power amount P0. Will follow.

FIG. 5 is a time chart when supply and demand control is performed at 5-minute intervals. When the supply and demand control is performed at 5-minute intervals, the power generation amount of the power generation facility 1 does not follow the required flexible power amount P0 after 5 minutes, which is the next update. Therefore, the command from the control device 4 to the power generation facility 1 may be a reverse command (hunting phenomenon).

The change amount of the interchangeable electric energy P0 is predicted, and before the change of the interchangeable electric energy P0, f1 "AR value before smoothing" including the predicted change amount of the interchangeable electric energy is calculated as in the equation (1). The prediction is calculated based on the difference between the interchangeable electric energy P0 (n) at the current time (n) and the interchangeable electric energy P0 (n + 1) at the next P0 update time (n + 1). FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the required power generation amount P0 and the power generation amount of the power generation facility 1 when the d1 “power generation target value” is calculated based on the formula (1) and the power generation amount of the power generation facility 1 is controlled.

[Operation of aggregate demand calculation unit 47]
Next, the operation details of the total demand calculation unit 47 will be described including the operation principle. The aggregate demand calculation unit 47 calculates g1 to g4 based on the following signals a1 and b1.
a1. Power generation value for each power generation facility b1. Power generation value for each renewable energy power generation facility 2 g1. Actual demand value on the day g2. Demand forecast value on the previous day g3. Actual value of natural energy on the day (output value of natural energy on the day)
g4. Renewable energy forecast value the day before

As shown in FIG. 8, the total power demand is the sum of the power generated by the power generation facilities 1a to 1n and the power generated by the renewable energy power generation facilities 2a to 2n. Therefore, it is necessary to generate electricity with excellent economic efficiency by the power generation facilities 1a to 1n in consideration of the electric power generated by the renewable energy power generation facilities 2a to 2n.

The predicted value of the total ELD demand considering the electric power generated by the renewable energy power generation facilities 2a to 2n is as follows.
ELD Aggregate Demand (t) = Demand Forecast (t) -Renewable Energy Forecast (t) ... (2)
ELD aggregate demand (t): Power generation equipment 1a to 1n predicted to be required at time t
Total value of generated power [MW]
Demand forecast value: Total power demand value predicted to be required at time t [MW]
Renewable energy predicted value: Renewable energy predicted to be required at time t
Total value of generated power of power generation facilities 2a to 2n [MW]
The demand forecast value and the renewable energy forecast value are calculated every 5 minutes and updated with new demand forecast values and renewable energy forecast values. As a result, the total ELD demand is also updated to a new total ELD demand every 5 minutes.

As shown in equation (2), the total ELD demand is calculated from the demand forecast value and the renewable energy forecast value. The demand forecast value is calculated by correcting g2 "previous day demand forecast value" with g1 "current day demand actual value". The renewable energy predicted value is calculated by correcting g4 "predicted value of natural energy on the previous day" with g3 "actual value of natural energy on the day". Note that g1 "actual demand value on the day" is calculated at the end of the day, and the calculation of the actual value on the day is incomplete. Therefore, the total output of the power generation facilities 1a to 1n is set to g1 “actual demand value on the day”. In the above, the "actual demand value" means the value of the actually requested electric power, not the electric power actually supplied.

Next, a method of calculating the demand forecast value will be described with reference to FIG. The forecast value is calculated and updated every 5 minutes.

FIG. 9 shows the demand forecast value calculated 10 minutes ago, the demand forecast value calculated 5 minutes ago, and the actual demand, which is the electric power actually requested at the current time. The actual demand is required up to 5 minutes after the current time.

Let ΔP2 be the difference between the demand forecast value calculated 10 minutes ago and the actual demand. Let ΔP1 be the difference between the demand forecast value calculated 5 minutes ago and the actual demand. The value obtained by adding the correction value ΔPm, which will be described later, calculated from ΔP1 and ΔP2, to the actual demand, which is the electric power actually requested at the current time, is used as the new demand forecast value calculated at the current time.

The demand forecast value (t) is as follows.
Demand forecast value (t) = Actual demand at the current time −ΔPm ・ ・ ・ (3)
The demand forecast value (t) calculated by the above formula is used as a new demand forecast value (t) as shown in FIG.

The correction value ΔPm is calculated by the following equation.
ΔPm = α1 × ΔP1 + α2 × ΔP2 ・ ・ ・ (4)
ΔP1: Difference between the forecasted demand value (t) calculated 5 minutes ago and the actual demand ΔP2: Difference between the forecasted demand value (t) calculated 5 minutes ago and the actual demand
α1: Weight coefficient
α2: Weight coefficient Here, it is desirable that α1 + α2 = 1 and α1> α2. This is because the difference between the demand forecast value calculated 5 minutes ago and the actual demand is considered to be more reliable than 10 minutes ago.

Next, a method of calculating the predicted natural energy value will be described with reference to FIG. The calculation of the renewable energy prediction value is performed and updated every 5 minutes.

FIG. 10 shows the predicted renewable energy value calculated 10 minutes ago, the predicted renewable energy value calculated 5 minutes ago, and the actual renewable energy demand, which is the electric power actually required at the current time. .. The actual renewable energy is required up to 5 minutes after the current time.

Let ΔR2 be the difference between the predicted renewable energy value calculated 10 minutes ago and the actual renewable energy demand. Let ΔR1 be the difference between the predicted renewable energy value calculated 5 minutes ago and the actual renewable energy demand. The value obtained by adding the correction value ΔRm, which will be described later, calculated from ΔR1 and ΔR2, to the actual renewable energy demand, which is the electric power actually required at the current time, is the new predicted value of renewable energy calculated at the current time. Will be done.

The predicted value of renewable energy (t) is as follows.
Renewable energy forecast value (t) = Actual renewable energy demand at the current time
−ΔRm ・ ・ ・ (5)
The renewable energy predicted value (t) calculated by the above formula is used as a new renewable energy predicted value (t) as shown in FIG.

The correction value ΔRm is calculated by the following equation.
ΔRm = β1 × ΔR1 + β2 × ΔR2 ・ ・ ・ (6)
ΔR1: Difference between the predicted renewable energy value calculated 5 minutes ago and the actual renewable energy demand ΔR2: Difference between the predicted renewable energy value calculated 5 minutes ago and the actual renewable energy demand β1: Weight coefficient β2: Weight coefficient Here Therefore, it is desirable that β1 + β2 = 1 and β1> β2. This is because the difference between the predicted value of renewable energy calculated 5 minutes before and the actual demand for renewable energy is considered to be more reliable than 10 minutes ago.

Based on the new demand forecast value (t) and the renewable energy forecast value (t) calculated as described above, the ELD total demand (t) is newly calculated by the equation (2).

[1-3. effect]
(1) According to the present embodiment, the regional required power (AR value) is calculated including the predicted change amount of the interchangeable electric energy based on the interchangeable electric energy detected by the detection device, so that the output of the generator is It is possible to control the supply and demand of electric power with improved stability of voltage and frequency of the electric power system, which is less likely to cause a hunting phenomenon with respect to a command of a generator. It is possible to reduce the instability of the voltage and frequency of the power system and the induction of the hunting phenomenon due to the time delay of the power supply.
(2) According to the present embodiment, the total economic load allocation (ELD) demand is calculated based on the difference between the actual demand and the past demand forecast and the actual renewable energy demand and the past renewable energy forecast. It is possible to control the power supply and demand with excellent economic efficiency even in a power system in which a power generation facility using natural energy is introduced.
(3) According to the present embodiment, the total economic load distribution (ELD) demand is calculated including the predicted change amount of the interchangeable electric energy based on the interchangeable electric energy detected by the detection device, and thus is excellent in economic efficiency. In addition, it is possible to control the power supply and demand with improved stability of the voltage and frequency of the power system.

[Other Embodiments]
Although embodiments including modifications of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the gist of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, as well as in the scope of the invention described in the claims and the equivalent scope thereof. The following is an example.

(1) In the above embodiment, (f1) "AR value before smoothing" is calculated by the formula (2), but it may be calculated by the following formula (7).
AR value before smoothing = -K · ΔF + ΔPT
+ (P0 (n + 1) -P0 (n)) × (SUMT / T) ・ ・ ・ (7)
AR value: Regional power requirement [MW]
K: System constant [MW / Hz]
ΔF: Frequency deviation [Hz]
ΔPT: Change in tidal current power in the interconnection line P0 (n): Value of interchangeable power P0 at the current time (n) [MW]
P0 (n + 1): Value of interchangeable electric energy P0 at the next P0 update time (n + 1) [MW]
T: Update cycle of interchangeable electric energy P0 [s]
SUMT: Elapsed time from the time of updating the interchangeable electric energy P0 [s]
In the above equation (7), the power flow direction of the electric power flowing into the own system is set as a positive value. (P0 (n + 1) -P0 (n)) is the predicted change amount of the interchangeable electric energy.

FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the interchangeable electric energy P0 and the electric energy of the power generation facility 1 when the d1 “power generation target value” is calculated based on the equation (7) and the electric energy of the power generation facility 1 is controlled. The d1 “power generation target value” as the regional requirement (AR) is instructed to the power generation facility 1 step by step, not collectively. That is, of the d1 "power generation target value" as the regional required amount (AR), the portion (P0 (n + 1) -P0 (n)) which is the predicted change amount of the interchangeable electric energy is the update cycle time of the interchangeable electric energy P0. It is calculated in the power generation facility 1 step by step so as to be achieved within. As a result, since the power generation facility 1 generates power in stages, it is possible to suppress a temporary imbalance between supply and demand at the time of renewal.

(2) In the above embodiment, the total ELD demand is calculated by the formula (2). The total ELD demand may be calculated by the formula (8).
ELD Aggregate Demand (t) = Demand Forecast (t) -Renewable Energy Forecast (t)
+ (P0 (n + 1) -P0 (n)) ... (8)
ELD aggregate demand (t): Power generation facilities 1a, 1b, predicted to be required at time t,
Total value of generated power of 1b and 1n [MW]
Demand forecast value: Total power demand value predicted to be required at time t [MW]
Renewable energy predicted value: Renewable energy predicted to be required at time t
Total value of generated power of power generation facilities 2a, 2b, 2n [MW]
P0 (n): Value of interchangeable electric energy P0 at the current time (n) [MW]
P0 (n + 1): Value of interchangeable electric energy P0 at the next P0 update time (n + 1) [MW]
In the above equation (8), the power flow direction of the electric power flowing into the own system is set as a positive value. (P0 (n + 1) -P0 (n)) is the predicted change amount of the interchangeable electric energy. Since the total ELD demand is calculated by predicting the change in the value of the interchangeable electric energy P0, it is possible to generate power by the power generation facility 1 which is more economical.

(3) In the above embodiment, the forecast values of ELD total demand, demand forecast value, and renewable energy forecast value are calculated every 5 minutes, but the calculation time cycle is not limited to this. For example, the above calculation may be performed every 2 minutes or 10 minutes.

(4) In the above embodiment, the renewable energy power generation facility 2 is a solar power generation device, but the present invention is not limited to this. The renewable energy power generation facility 2 may be wind power generation, marine current power generation, or geothermal power generation.

(5) In the above embodiment, the input unit 41 is a receiving circuit, but the present invention is not limited to this. The input unit 41 may be an input device using a memory port or a keyboard.

1,1a to 1n ... Power generation equipment 2,2a to 2n ... Renewable energy power generation equipment 3 ... Detection device 4 ... Control device 7,7a to 7n ... Signal lines for detection 8,8a ~ 8n ... Control signal lines 9, 9a ... Power system 9b ... Other power system 9c ... Interconnection lines 41, 41a to 41n ... Input units 42, 42a to 42n ... Output unit 43 ... Target value creation unit 44 ... AR calculation unit 45 ... AR smoothing unit 46 ... AR distribution unit 47 ... Total demand calculation unit 48 ... Storage unit 49 ... ELD schedule calculation unit

Claims (10)

Multiple power generation facilities that supply power to the power grid,
Renewable energy power generation equipment that supplies power to the power system,
A detection device that measures the frequency change amount of the power system, the interconnection power flow power change amount, and the interchangeable power amount updated at a predetermined cycle .
It has a control device for instructing the power generation target value to the plurality of power generation facilities.
The control device is
An AR calculation unit that calculates a regional required power (AR value) based on the frequency change amount, the interconnection power flow power change amount, and the interchangeable power amount detected by the detection device.
An AR smoothing unit that frequency-decomposes the regional required power (AR value) calculated by the AR calculation unit,
A target value creation unit for calculating the power generation target value for each of the plurality of power generation facilities based on the regional required power (AR value) frequency-decomposed by the AR smoothing unit is provided.
The regional required power (AR value) is calculated including a predicted change amount of the interchangeable electric energy based on the interchangeable electric energy detected by the detection device.
Power supply and demand control system. The regional required power (AR value) is calculated by multiplying the predicted change amount of the interchangeable electric energy by the ratio of the elapsed time from the start of the update of the interchangeable electric energy in the time related to the update cycle of the interchangeable electric energy. ,
The power supply and demand control system according to claim 1. The control device is
It is equipped with an aggregate demand calculation unit that calculates the total economic load allocation (ELD) demand based on the demand forecast value and the renewable energy forecast value generated by the renewable energy power generation facility.
The target value creation unit generates the power generation for each of the plurality of power generation facilities based on the frequency-decomposed regional required power (AR value) and the total economic load distribution (ELD) demand calculated by the total demand calculation unit. Calculate the target value and
The total economic load allocation (ELD) demand is calculated based on the difference between the actual demand and the past demand forecast value and the renewable energy demand actual value and the past renewable energy forecast value.
The power supply and demand control system according to claim 1 or 2. The total economic load allocation (ELD) demand is
It is calculated including the predicted change amount of the interchangeable electric energy based on the interchangeable electric energy detected by the detection device.
The power supply and demand control system according to claim 3. An AR calculation module that calculates the regional required power (AR value) based on the frequency change amount detected by the detection device installed in the power system, the interconnection power flow power change amount, and the interchangeable power amount updated in a predetermined cycle .
An AR smoothing module that frequency-decomposes the regional required power (AR value) calculated by the AR calculation module, and
It is equipped with a target value creation module that calculates a power generation target value for each of a plurality of power generation facilities based on the regional required power (AR value) frequency-decomposed by the AR smoothing module.
The regional required power (AR value) is calculated including a predicted change amount of the interchangeable electric energy based on the interchangeable electric energy detected by the detection device.
Computer program for power supply and demand control. Equipped with a total demand calculation module that calculates the total economic load allocation (ELD) demand based on the demand forecast value and the renewable energy forecast value generated by the renewable energy power generation facility.
The target value creation module is based on the total economic load distribution (ELD) demand calculated by the total demand calculation module in addition to the frequency-decomposed regional required power (AR value), and the power generation for each of the plurality of power generation facilities. Calculate the target value and
The total economic load allocation (ELD) demand is calculated based on the difference between the actual demand and the past demand forecast value and the renewable energy demand actual value and the past renewable energy forecast value.
The computer program for power supply and demand control according to claim 5. The total economic load allocation (ELD) demand is
It is calculated including the predicted change amount of the interchangeable electric energy based on the interchangeable electric energy detected by the detection device.
The computer program for power supply and demand control according to claim 6. An AR calculation procedure that calculates the regional required power (AR value) based on the frequency change amount detected by the detection device installed in the power system, the interconnection power flow power change amount, and the interchangeable power amount updated in a predetermined cycle .
An AR smoothing procedure that frequency-decomposes the regional required power (AR value) calculated by the AR calculation procedure , and
It has a target value creation procedure for calculating a power generation target value for each of a plurality of power generation facilities based on the regional required power (AR value) frequency-decomposed by the AR smoothing procedure .
The regional required power (AR value) is calculated including a predicted change amount of the interchangeable electric energy based on the interchangeable electric energy detected by the detection device.
Power supply and demand control method. It has an aggregate demand calculation procedure that calculates the total economic load allocation (ELD) demand based on the demand forecast value and the renewable energy forecast value generated by the renewable energy power generation facility.
The target value creation procedure is based on the total economic load distribution (ELD) demand calculated by the total demand calculation procedure in addition to the frequency-decomposed regional required power (AR value), and the power generation for each of the plurality of power generation facilities. Calculate the target value and
The total economic load allocation (ELD) demand is calculated based on the difference between the actual demand and the past demand forecast value and the renewable energy demand actual value and the past renewable energy forecast value.
The power supply and demand control method according to claim 8. The total economic load allocation (ELD) demand is
It is calculated including the predicted change amount of the interchangeable electric energy based on the interchangeable electric energy detected by the detection device.
The power supply and demand control method according to claim 9.

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