JP2018107919A - Power supply-demand control system, computer program for power supply-demand control and power supply-demand control method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power supply-demand control system, a computer program for power supply-demand control and a power supply-demand control method capable of performing power supply-demand control excellent in economy.SOLUTION: A power supply-demand control system has: a plurality of power generating units 1a to 1n which supply power to a power system 9a; natural energy power generating units 2a to 2n; a detector 3 which measures a frequency variation amount, a coordination tidal current power variation amount and adjusted power amount of the power system; and a controller 4 which instructs power generation target values to the plurality of power generating units 1. The controller 4 is provided with: an AR calculation part 44 which calculates an area request power (AR value) based on the frequency variation amount, the coordination tidal current power variation amount and the adjusted power amount detected by the detector 3; an AR smoothing part 45 which performs frequency resolution of the area request power (AR value) calculated by the AR calculation part 44; and target value creation parts 43a to 43n which calculate power generation target values for every plurality of power generating units 1 based on the area request power (AR value) of which the frequency resolution has been performed by the AR smoothing part 45.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present embodiment relates to a power supply and demand control system that performs power supply and demand control, a power supply and demand control computer program, and a power supply and demand control method.

  In order to supply power stably, it is necessary to control supply and demand of the power system. As this type of power supply and demand control system, a power supply and demand control system that performs supply and demand control using load frequency control and economic load distribution control is known.

JP 2001-238355 A

  Conventionally, load frequency control and economic load distribution control have been generally used for power supply and demand control. With the recent liberalization of power, new power companies have entered the power business, and fine-tuned management of power charges has become necessary. For this reason, it has been required to perform power supply and demand control that matches the power demand and supply in a short time.

  However, in the conventional load frequency control, since a certain response time is required until the power generation facility generates a desired power generation amount, a time delay occurs until the supplied power meets the demand. Such a time delay of power supply not only causes instability of the voltage and frequency of the power system, but also the output of the generator may induce a hunting phenomenon with respect to the command of the generator.

  In this embodiment, the output of the generator is less likely to cause a hunting phenomenon with respect to the command of the generator, the voltage and frequency stability of the power system can be improved, and power supply and demand control with excellent economic efficiency is performed. An object is to provide a power supply and demand control system, a computer program for power supply and demand control, and a power supply and demand control method.

The power supply and demand control system of this embodiment has the following configuration.
(1) A plurality of power generation facilities that supply power to the power system.
(2) A natural energy power generation facility for supplying power to the power system.
(3) A detection device that measures a frequency change amount, a connected tidal power change amount, and a flexible power amount of the power system.

(4) A control device for instructing a power generation target value to the plurality of power generation facilities, comprising:
(4-1) An AR calculation unit that calculates an area required power (AR value) based on the frequency change amount, the interconnection power flow change amount, and the interchanged power amount detected by the detection device.
(4-2) An AR smoothing unit that frequency-resolves the regional required power (AR value) calculated by the AR calculation unit.
(4-3) A target value creation unit that calculates the power generation target value for each of the plurality of power generation facilities based on the regional required power (AR value) frequency-resolved by the AR smoothing unit.
(4-4) The regional required power (AR value) is calculated including the predicted change amount of the accommodation power amount based on the accommodation power amount detected by the detection device.

The figure which shows the electric power supply-and-demand control system concerning 1st Embodiment The figure which shows the operation | movement flow of the electric power supply-and-demand control system concerning 1st Embodiment The figure which shows the operation | movement flow of the AR distribution part of the electric power supply-and-demand control system concerning 1st Embodiment. Time chart when supply and demand control is performed every 30 minutes Time chart when supply and demand control is performed every 5 minutes Time chart when supply and demand control is performed at intervals of 5 minutes including the predicted change in the amount of interchangeable electricity according to the first embodiment Time chart when supply and demand control is performed at intervals of 5 minutes including the predicted change in the amount of interchangeable power according to other embodiments Diagram showing the relationship between the power generated by the power generation facility and the power generated by the natural energy power generation facility The figure for explaining the method of calculating the demand forecast value from the demand forecast value calculated in the past and the demand record The figure for explaining the method of calculating the natural energy prediction value from the natural energy prediction value calculated in the past and the natural energy demand performance

[First Embodiment]
[1-1. Constitution]
A power supply and demand control system will be described as an example of this embodiment with reference to FIG. In the present embodiment, when there are a plurality of devices and members having the same configuration, the same numbers are given for explanation, and when each device and member having the same configuration is described, Distinguish common numbers by adding alphabetic suffixes.

(1) Overall configuration of the system This power supply and demand control system includes a plurality of power generation facilities 1, a natural energy power generation facility 2, a detection device 3, and a control device 4 connected to the power system 9a. The power system 9a is connected to another power system 9b (hereinafter collectively referred to as another system 9b) via the interconnection line 9c. Each power generation facility 1 is connected to the control device 4 by a detection signal line 7 and a control signal line 8.

In the power supply and demand control system, the following data is input, output, transmitted / received, or stored. Further, hereinafter, “regional required power” may be referred to as “AR”, and “economic load distribution” may be referred to as “ELD”. The “demand actual value” refers to the value of the actually requested power, not the actually supplied power.
a1. Generated power value for each power generation facility 1 b1. Generated power value for each natural energy power generation facility 2 c1. Frequency change: ΔF
c2. Tidal power change amount in interconnection line with other system 9b: ΔPT
c3. Power interchangeable power system 9a: P0
d1. Power generation target value f1. AR value before smoothing f2. AR value after smoothing f3. The allocated AR value g1. Actual demand on the day g2. Previous day demand forecast value g3. Natural energy actual value on the day (output value of natural energy on the day)
g4. Predicted natural energy the day before g5. ELD value (calculation result of economic load distribution)

(2) Power generation facility 1
The power generation facility 1 is a power supply facility that generates power with a generator and supplies power to the power system 9a. The power generation facility 1a is configured by a high speed machine such as a hydropower machine having a high output change speed. The power generation facility 1b is configured by a medium speed machine such as an oil fired power machine, for example, whose output change speed is slightly low. The power generation equipment 1n is composed of a low-speed machine such as a coal-fired power machine that has an extremely low output change speed. The power generation facility 1 transmits the data a1 to the control device 4 through the signal line 7. The power generation facility 1 is controlled by the control device 4 through the control line 8.

(3) Natural energy power generation facilities 2
The natural energy power generation facility 2 is a power supply facility that generates power with a solar power generator and supplies power to the power system 9a. The natural energy power generation facility 2 transmits the data b <b> 1 to the control device 4.

(4) Detection device 3
The detection device 3 is a measurement device that detects the amount of electricity in the power system 9a. The detection device 3 is disposed in the power system 9a. The detection device 3 detects items c1 to c3 related to the power system 9a and notifies the control device 4 of the detected items.

(5) Control device 4
The control device 4 is configured by a personal computer or the like. The control device 4 is disposed in a control room or the like that performs power monitoring control. The control device 4 includes the data a1 transmitted from the power generation facility 1, the data b1 transmitted from the natural energy power generation facility 2, and the data c1 to c3 related to the power system 9a transmitted from the detection device 3. Entered. The control device 4 performs calculations relating to supply and demand control and transmits d1 data to the power generation facility 1.

  The control device 4 includes an input unit 41, an output unit 42, a target value creation unit 43, an AR calculation unit 44, an AR smoothing unit 45, an AR distribution unit 46, a total demand calculation unit 47, a storage unit 48, and an ELD schedule calculation unit 49. Have. The input unit 41 and the output unit 42 of the control device 4 are configured by hardware. The target value creation unit 43, the AR calculation unit 44, the AR smoothing unit 45, the AR distribution unit 46, the total demand calculation unit 47, the storage unit 48, and the ELD schedule calculation unit 49 are configured by software modules as functional blocks.

  The input unit 41 is configured by a receiving circuit. The input unit 41 has an input side connected to the power generation facility 1 via the signal line 7 and an output side connected to the target value creation unit 43. The input unit 41 receives a1 data transmitted from the power generation facility 1. The input unit 41 outputs a1 data for each power generation facility 1 to the target value creation unit 43.

  The output unit 42 includes a transmission circuit. The output unit 42 is connected to the target value creation unit 43 on the input side and to the power generation facility 1 on the output side via the control line 8. The output unit 42 receives the d1 data transmitted from the target value creation unit 43 and outputs the data to the power generation facility 1.

  The target value creation unit 43 is a functional block configured by a software module in the control device 4. The target value creation unit 43 receives the data of a1 from the power generation equipment 1, the data of f3 from the AR distribution unit 46, and the data of g5 from the ELD schedule calculation unit 49.

  The target value creation unit 43 outputs d1 data to the output unit 42 based on the data a1, f3, and g5.

  The AR calculation unit 44 is a functional block configured by a software module in the control device 4. The AR calculation unit 44 receives b1 data from the natural energy power generation facility 2 and c1 to c3 data from the detection device 3.

  The AR calculation unit 44 calculates an AR value based on the data b1, c1 to c3, and outputs the f1 data to the AR smoothing unit 45.

  The AR smoothing unit 45 is a functional block configured by a software module in the control device 4. The AR smoothing unit 45 receives the f1 data from the AR calculation unit 44. The AR smoothing unit 45 performs frequency decomposition based on the data of f1 and outputs the data of f2 to the AR distribution unit 46.

  The AR distribution unit 46 is a functional block configured by a software module in the control device 4. The AR distribution unit 46 receives f2 data from the AR smoothing unit 45. The AR smoothing unit 45 calculates the power generation distribution for each power generation facility 1 based on the data of f2, and outputs the data of f3 to each target value creation unit 43.

  The total demand calculation unit 47 is a functional block configured by a software module in the control device 4. The total demand calculation unit 47 receives a1 data transmitted from each power generation facility 1 and b1 data transmitted from each natural energy power generation facility 2.

  The total demand calculation unit 47 calculates the above-described data a1 and b1 by cumulative addition, and calculates the daily power generation end total demand value and the demand forecast value. And the data of g1-g4 are produced and it outputs to the memory | storage part 48 sequentially.

  The storage unit 48 is configured by a storage medium such as a conductor memory or a hard disk. The memory | storage part 48 memorize | stores the data of said g1-g4. Each of the above data is stored together with the data creation time.

  The ELD schedule calculation unit 49 is a functional block configured by a software module in the control device 4. The ELD schedule calculation unit 49 performs economic load distribution based on the data of g1 to g4 stored in the storage unit 48, generates data of g5, and outputs it to each target value generation unit 43.

[1-2. Action]
First, a general relationship between power supply and demand control and this embodiment will be described.

The load on the power system fluctuates according to the season and time. Load fluctuations in the electric power system can be considered by dividing into the following three (a), (b), and (c).
(A) Cyclic portion: A minute cycle load fluctuation from a few seconds to a few minutes is called a cyclic portion. It is considered that pulsation components having various vibration periods with small fluctuation widths and irregular fluctuation components are superimposed.
(B) Fringe portion: A short-cycle load fluctuation from several minutes to about 10 and several minutes is called a fringe portion.
(C) Sustained portion: A long-period load fluctuation of 10 or more minutes is called a sustained portion.

  Of the cyclic amount that is a minute cycle load variation, the very minute cycle load variation is adjusted by the load characteristics of the system. Of the cyclic amount, the load fluctuation exceeding the above-mentioned period is adjusted by the governor of the power plant in which the governor is operated. In the cyclic portion, the load fluctuation more than the above-mentioned period is adjusted by the control by the control device installed at the central power supply command center of the electric power company.

  The fringe load fluctuation, which is a short-cycle load fluctuation, has a larger fluctuation amount than the cyclic fluctuation and cannot be adjusted only by the governor-free. The load fluctuation for the fringe is adjusted by detecting the frequency deviation and the amount of power fluctuation and controlling the output of the generator by load frequency control (LFC).

  Sustained load fluctuation, which is a long-period load fluctuation, has a large fluctuation amount of the load fluctuation and can be considered as a part of the load fluctuation in the daily load curve. The load fluctuation for the sustain amount cannot be adjusted to a desired power generation amount because the power generation capacity of the power generation facility is insufficient in the load frequency control. Sustained load fluctuations are adjusted by economic load distribution (ELD), which is the economic operation of the power plant.

  Load frequency control and economic load distribution control are important functions of a central power supply command center in an electric power company. The purpose of the load frequency control (LFC) is to keep the grid line flow and the system frequency constant. Economic load distribution control (ELD) is intended to perform the most economical power operation. Hereinafter, load frequency control (LFC) and economic load distribution control (ELD) are collectively referred to as supply and demand control.

  The load frequency control (LFC) is performed by adjusting the output of each power generation facility in accordance with the frequency of the system and the tidal power on the interconnection line with another system. Load frequency control (LFC) output adjustment is not performed for all power generation facilities, but it can be used for high-speed machines such as hydraulic machines and oil-fired thermal machines that can handle relatively fast output fluctuations. To the speed machine. Load frequency control (LFC) output adjustment is not performed for low-speed aircraft such as coal-fired power plants, nuclear power units, or power generation facilities that want to avoid output fluctuations in operation. In load frequency control (LFC), output adjustment is performed from a central power supply command station, and a delay of about several tens of seconds occurs until the output changes to a desired output.

Load frequency control (LFC) is divided into the following three methods.
(A) Constant frequency control (FFC): A control method that detects the frequency change amount (ΔF), adjusts the output of the power generation equipment so as to reduce ΔF, and controls to keep only the frequency of the system at a specified value. .
(B) Constant grid power control (FTC): detects the amount of change (ΔPT) in the tidal power on the grid line, adjusts the output of the power generation equipment to reduce ΔPT, and only the tidal power on the grid line Control method that controls to keep the value at the specified value.
(C) Frequency bias link line power control (TBC): A frequency change amount (ΔF) and a tidal power change amount (ΔPT) in the interconnection line are detected to calculate a regional required power (AR), and a local required power A control method for controlling the output of the power generation equipment according to (AR).

  Currently, frequency bias link power control (TBC) is employed by most Japanese power companies. In the present embodiment, control related to frequency bias link line power control (TBC) is performed.

[Overall Operation of Control Device 4]
Next, the outline | summary of operation | movement of the electric power supply-and-demand control system of this embodiment is demonstrated. FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a power supply / demand control computer program built in the control device 4. The control device 4 performs operations and calculations according to the following procedure.

(Step S20: Calculation of f1 “AR value before smoothing” by AR calculation unit 44)
The following signals are input to the AR calculation unit 44 via a communication unit (not shown).
The following signals transmitted from the natural energy power generation facility 2 b1. The following signals transmitted from the generated power value detection device 3 for each natural energy power generation facility 2 c1. Frequency change: ΔF
c2. Tidal power change amount in interconnection line with other system 9b: ΔPT
c3. Power interchangeable power system 9a: P0

Based on the parameters b1, c1 to c3, the AR calculation unit 44 calculates f1 “AR value before smoothing”. The f1 “AR value before smoothing” is calculated by the following arithmetic expression (1).
AR value before smoothing = −K · ΔF + ΔPT + (P0 (n + 1) −P0 (n)) (1)
AR value: Regional power requirement [MW]
K: System constant [MW / Hz]
ΔF: Frequency deviation [Hz]
ΔPT: Amount of change in tidal power on the interconnection line P0 (n): Value of the interchangeable power amount P0 at the current time (n) [MW]
P0 (n + 1): value of interchangeable power P0 at the next P0 update time (n + 1) [MW]
In the above equation (1), the flow direction of power flowing into the own system is a positive value. (P0 (n + 1) −P0 (n)) is a predicted change amount of the interchangeable electric energy.

(Step S21: Calculation of f2 “AR value after smoothing” by AR smoothing unit 45)
Based on f1 “AR value before smoothing” calculated by the AR calculating unit 44 in step 20, the AR smoothing unit 45 calculates f2 “AR value after smoothing”. f2 “AR value after smoothing” is calculated by performing frequency decomposition on f1 “AR value before smoothing” by Fourier expansion.

(Step S22: Calculation of f3 “Allocated AR Value” by AR Distribution Unit 46)
In step 21, based on f2 “smoothed AR value” frequency-resolved by the AR smoothing unit 45, f3 “allocated AR value” is calculated by the AR distributing unit 46. The f3 “allocated AR value” is an amount allocated to each power generation facility 1 and is calculated according to the output response speed or the output margin of the power generation facility 1. The frequency allocation operation will be described later.

(Step S31: Demand calculation by total demand calculation unit 47)
In parallel with the above steps 20 to 22, the total demand calculation unit 47 performs an operation related to the demand calculation. The total demand calculation unit 47 receives the following signals.
The following signals transmitted from each power generation facility 1 a1. Generated power value for each power generation facility 1 The following signals transmitted from each natural energy power generation facility 2 b1. Generated power value for each natural energy power generation facility 2

The a1 and b1 data are cumulatively added, and the total demand calculation unit 47 creates the following data for each day and stores them in the storage unit 48 sequentially.
g1. Actual demand on the day g2. Previous day demand forecast value g3. Natural energy actual value on the day (output value of natural energy on the day)
g4. Predicted natural energy the day before

(Step S32: ELD schedule calculation by ELD schedule calculation unit 49)
Next, on the basis of the above g1 to g4 stored in the storage unit 48 in step 31 and f2 “AR value after smoothing” frequency-resolved by the AR smoothing unit 45 in step 21, the ELD schedule calculation unit 49 causes each power generation facility 1 to The economic load distribution is performed for each of the power generation facilities 1, and the following values are calculated.
g5. ELD Value The g5 “ELD value” is a generated power value that is scheduled for each power generation facility 1 so as to be economical as a whole power supply and demand control system.

(Step S23: Calculation of d1 “Power Generation Target Value” by Target Value Creation Unit 43)
The following signals are input to each target value creation unit 43 (43a, 43b, 43n).
The following data output from the input unit 41 a1. Generated power value for each power generation facility 1 The following data for each power generation facility 1 calculated by the AR distribution unit 46 in step 22 f3. The following data calculated by the ELD schedule calculation 49 in the allocated AR value step 32 g5. ELD value

  Each target value creation unit 43 calculates d1 “power generation target value” for each power generation facility 1 based on the above a1, f3, and g5.

(Step S24: Output of d1 “power generation target value” by the output unit 42)
The d1 “power generation target value” calculated in step S23 is sent to each power generation facility 1 by the output unit 42.

[Operation of AR smoothing unit 45]
Next, the operation of the AR distribution unit 46 will be described. FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the computer program of the AR distribution unit 46, which is a functional block configured by software modules.

(Step S41: Acquisition of f2 “AR value after smoothing”)
In step S <b> 21, f <b> 2 “smoothed AR value” frequency-resolved by the AR smoothing unit 45 is acquired. This f2 “AR value after smoothing” is a value calculated by frequency-resolving the regional required power (AR) value by Fourier expansion by the AR smoothing unit 45 in step S21.

(Step S42: Judgment whether the cycle is 10 seconds to 2 minutes)
Of the f2 “smoothed AR value” acquired in step S41, an area required power (AR) value having a period of 10 seconds to 2 minutes is determined. Of f2 “AR value after smoothing”, the area required power (AR) value (“YES” in S42) having a period of 10 seconds to 2 minutes is shifted to step S43 and processed. On the other hand, among f2 “AR value after smoothing”, the area required power (AR) value (“NO” in S43) that does not correspond to the 10 second to 2 minute period shifts to step S44 and is processed.

(Step S43: Share to the high-speed generator)
In step S42, the area required power (AR) value determined to have a period of 10 seconds to 2 minutes out of f2 “AR value after smoothing” is generated by a high-speed generator (for example, a hydropower machine). To be shared.

(Step S44: Judgment of 2 to 10 minute cycles)
Of the f2 “AR value after smoothing” in step 42, the regional required power (AR) value determined not to correspond to the 10 second to 2 minute period is 2 minutes to 10 of the f2 “AR value after smoothing”. A regional required power (AR) value that is a minute cycle is determined. Of the f2 “AR value after smoothing”, the area required power (AR) value (“YES” in S44) having a period of 2 to 10 minutes is shifted to step S45 to be processed. On the other hand, among f2 “AR value after smoothing”, the area required power (AR) value (“NO” in S43) that does not correspond to the 2 to 10 minute period shifts to step S46 and is processed.

(Step S45: Share to medium speed generator)
In step 44, the regional required power (AR) value determined to be in the period of 2 minutes to 10 minutes in f2 “AR value after smoothing” is generated by a medium speed generator (for example, an oil thermal power generator). Share to do.

(Step S46: Share to low speed generator)
In step 44, the area required power (AR) value determined not to correspond to the period of 2 to 10 minutes in f2 “AR value after smoothing” is generated by a low-speed generator (for example, a coal-fired power generator). Share to do.

[Operation of AR Calculation Unit 44]
Next, details of the operation of the AR calculation unit 44 will be described including the operation principle. The AR calculation unit 44 calculates f1 “AR value before smoothing” based on the following data of b1, c1, c2, and c3.
b1. Generated power value for each natural energy power generation facility 2 c1. Frequency change: ΔF
c2. Tidal power change amount in interconnection line with other system 9b: ΔPT
c3. Power interchangeable power system 9a: P0

The f1 “AR value before smoothing” is calculated by the AR calculation unit 44 according to the equation (1).
AR value before smoothing = −K · ΔF + ΔPT + (P0 (n + 1) −P0 (n)) (1)
AR value: Regional power requirement [MW]
K: System constant [MW / Hz]
ΔF: Frequency deviation [Hz]
ΔPT: Amount of change in tidal power on the interconnection line P0 (n): Value of the interchangeable power amount P0 at the current time (n) [MW]
P0 (n + 1): value of interchangeable power P0 at the next P0 update time (n + 1) [MW]
Here, P0 is accommodation power. Accommodated power refers to power that is superimposed on the power system 9a from another power system 9b in response to excess or deficiency of power in the power system. Each power company has announced its power generation plan. With this power generation plan, it is possible to predict P0 (n + 1) that is the amount of interchangeable power at the next update time (n + 1). In the above equation (1), the flow direction of power flowing into the own system is a positive value. (P0 (n + 1) −P0 (n)) is a predicted change amount of the interchangeable electric energy.

  With the recent liberalization of power, the update period of the interchangeable power amount between power systems tends to be shortened. When the renewal cycle is shortened, and the increase and decrease of the interchangeable power amount are performed in a relatively short time, the change in the grid power flow (ΔPT) changes abruptly at the timing when the interchangeable power amount is updated, and the supply / demand balance An increase in the balance amount occurs. Along with this, it is required to control the area required power (AR value) to increase or decrease rapidly in a short time (accommodation amount update cycle).

  However, since the follow-up performance of the power generation output of the power generation facility 1 is slow, a hunting phenomenon that increases the power generation amount when the power generation amount should be reduced may be induced. For example, when the control of the power generation increase phenomenon is repeated in a short cycle of about 5 minutes, this hunting phenomenon is likely to occur.

  In order to eliminate this hunting phenomenon, f1 “pre-smooth AR value” including the change in P0 is calculated in advance before the interchangeable power amount P0 changes as in equation (1). Then, d1 “power generation target value” based on this f1 “AR value before smoothing” is commanded to the power generation facility 1 to avoid a rapid change in the amount of change in the connected power flow (ΔPT). That is, a change amount of the accommodation power amount P0 is predicted in advance, and d1 “power generation target value” including the predicted change amount of the accommodation power amount is transmitted to the power generation facility 1.

  This will be described more specifically with reference to FIGS. 4 to 7, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents the required interchangeable power amount P0 and the power generation amount of the power generation facility 1.

  FIG. 4 is a time chart when supply and demand control is performed at 30-minute intervals. When supply and demand control is performed at intervals of 30 minutes, the supply and demand imbalance temporarily increases at the time of update, but after 30 minutes, which is the next update time, the power generation amount of the power generation facility 1 becomes the required interchangeable power amount P0. Will follow.

  FIG. 5 is a time chart when supply and demand control is performed at intervals of 5 minutes. When supply and demand control is performed at intervals of 5 minutes, the power generation amount of the power generation facility 1 does not follow the required flexible power amount P0 after 5 minutes, which is the next update time. For this reason, the command from the control device 4 to the power generation facility 1 may be a reverse command (hunting phenomenon).

  A change amount of the accommodation power amount P0 is predicted, and before the accommodation power amount P0 changes, f1 “AR value before smoothing” including the prediction change amount of the accommodation power amount is calculated as in Expression (1). The prediction is calculated based on the difference between the accommodation power amount P0 (n) at the current time (n) and the accommodation power amount P0 (n + 1) at the next P0 update time (n + 1). FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the required interchange power amount P0 and the power generation amount of the power generation facility 1 when d1 “power generation target value” is calculated based on the formula (1) and the power generation amount of the power generation facility 1 is controlled.

[Operation of Total Demand Calculation Unit 47]
Next, details of the operation of the total demand calculation unit 47 will be described including the operating principle. The total demand calculation unit 47 calculates g1 to g4 based on the following signals a1 and b1.
a1. Generated power value for each power generation facility 1 b1. Generated power value for each natural energy power generation facility 2 g1. Actual demand on the day g2. Previous day demand forecast value g3. Natural energy actual value on the day (output value of natural energy on the day)
g4. Predicted natural energy the day before

  As shown in FIG. 8, the total demand power is the sum of the power generated by the power generation facilities 1 a to 1 n and the power generated by the natural energy power generation facilities 2 a to 2 n. Therefore, it is necessary to generate power with excellent economic efficiency by the power generation facilities 1a to 1n in consideration of the power generated by the natural energy power generation facilities 2a to 2n.

The predicted value of the ELD total demand in consideration of the electric power generated by the natural energy power generation facilities 2a to 2n is as follows.
ELD total demand (t) = demand forecast value (t) -natural energy forecast value (t) (2)
ELD total demand (t): power generation facilities 1a to 1n predicted to be required at time t
Total value of generated power [MW]
Demand forecast value: Total demand power value [MW] predicted to be required at time t
Natural energy predicted value: Natural energy predicted to be required at time t
Total value [MW] of the generated power of the power generation facilities 2a to 2n
The demand forecast value and the natural energy forecast value are calculated every five minutes and updated to new demand forecast values and natural energy forecast values. As a result, the ELD total demand is also updated to a new ELD total demand every 5 minutes.

  The ELD total demand is calculated from the demand forecast value and the natural energy forecast value as in Expression (2). The demand forecast value is calculated by correcting g2 “previous day demand forecast value” by g1 “current demand actual value”. The natural energy predicted value is calculated by correcting g4 “previous day natural energy predicted value” with g3 “current day natural energy actual value”. Note that g1 “actual demand value on the day” is calculated at the end of the day, and the actual value for the day is not yet calculated. Therefore, the total output of the power generation facilities 1a to 1n is defined as g1 “actual demand actual value on the day”. In the above description, the “demand actual value” is not the actually supplied power but the value of the actually requested power.

  Next, a method for calculating the demand forecast value will be described with reference to FIG. The demand forecast value is calculated and updated every 5 minutes.

  FIG. 9 shows a demand forecast value calculated 10 minutes ago, a demand forecast value calculated 5 minutes ago, and a demand record that is actually requested power at the current time. Note that the actual demand is required up to 5 minutes after the current time.

  The difference between the demand forecast value calculated 10 minutes ago and the demand record is ΔP2. The difference between the demand forecast value calculated five minutes ago and the actual demand is ΔP1. A value obtained by adding a later-described correction value ΔPm calculated from ΔP1 and ΔP2 to the actual demand actually required at the current time is set as a new demand prediction value calculated at the current time.

The demand forecast value (t) is as follows.
Demand forecast value (t) = actual demand at the current time-ΔPm (3)
The demand forecast value (t) calculated by the above formula is set as a new demand forecast value (t) as shown in FIG.

The correction value ΔPm is calculated by the following equation.
ΔPm = α1 × ΔP1 + α2 × ΔP2 (4)
ΔP1: Difference between the demand forecast value (t) calculated 5 minutes ago and the actual demand ΔP2: Difference between the demand forecast value (t) calculated 10 minutes ago and the actual demand
α1: Weight coefficient
α2: Weight coefficient Here, α1 + α2 = 1 and α1> α2 are desirable. This is because the difference between the demand forecast value calculated five minutes before the ten minutes ago and the actual demand is considered to be more reliable.

  Next, a method for calculating a predicted natural energy value will be described with reference to FIG. The calculation of the predicted natural energy value is performed and updated every 5 minutes.

  FIG. 10 shows the predicted natural energy value calculated 10 minutes ago, the predicted natural energy value calculated 5 minutes ago, and the actual demand for natural energy, which is the power actually requested at the current time. . In addition, the natural energy performance is requested | required until 5 minutes after the present time.

  Let ΔR2 be the difference between the predicted natural energy value calculated 10 minutes ago and the actual demand for natural energy. Let ΔR1 be the difference between the predicted natural energy value calculated five minutes ago and the actual demand for natural energy. A value obtained by adding a later-described correction value ΔRm calculated from ΔR1 and ΔR2 to the actual demand for natural energy, which is the power actually requested at the current time, is a new predicted natural energy value calculated at the current time. Is done.

The natural energy predicted value (t) is as follows.
Natural energy predicted value (t) = Natural energy demand at the current time
-ΔRm (5)
The natural energy predicted value (t) calculated by the above equation is set as a new natural energy predicted value (t) as shown in FIG.

The correction value ΔRm is calculated from the following equation.
ΔRm = β1 × ΔR1 + β2 × ΔR2 (6)
ΔR1: Difference between the predicted natural energy value calculated 5 minutes ago and the actual demand for natural energy ΔR2: Difference between the predicted natural energy value calculated 10 minutes ago and the actual demand for natural energy β1: Weight coefficient β2: Weight coefficient here Therefore, it is desirable that β1 + β2 = 1 and β1> β2. This is because the difference between the predicted natural energy value calculated five minutes before the ten minutes before and the actual demand for natural energy is considered to be more reliable.

  The ELD total demand (t) is newly calculated by the equation (2) using the new demand predicted value (t) and the natural energy predicted value (t) calculated as described above.

[1-3. effect]
(1) According to the present embodiment, the regional required power (AR value) is calculated including the predicted change amount of the interchangeable power amount based on the interchangeable power amount detected by the detection device. It is possible to perform power supply and demand control that is less likely to cause a hunting phenomenon with respect to a generator command and has improved stability of voltage and frequency of the power system. Instability of voltage and frequency of the power system and induction of hunting phenomenon due to time delay of power supply can be reduced.
(2) According to the present embodiment, the total economic load distribution (ELD) demand is calculated based on the difference between the actual demand and the past demand forecast value and the natural energy demand past and the past natural energy forecast value. Even in an electric power system in which a power generation facility using natural energy is introduced, it is possible to perform power supply and demand control with excellent economic efficiency.
(3) According to the present embodiment, the economic load distribution (ELD) total demand is calculated including the predicted change amount of the interchangeable power amount based on the interchangeable power amount detected by the detection device, so that the economy is excellent. In addition, power supply and demand control with improved voltage and frequency stability of the power system can be performed.

[Other Embodiments]
Although embodiments including modifications of the present invention have been described, these embodiments have been presented by way of example and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the invention described in the claims and equivalents thereof as well as included in the scope and gist of the invention. The following is an example.

(1) In the above embodiment, (f1) “pre-smooth AR value” is calculated by equation (2), but may be calculated by the following equation (7).
AR value before smoothing = −K · ΔF + ΔPT
+ (P0 (n + 1) −P0 (n)) × (SUMT / T) (7)
AR value: Regional power requirement [MW]
K: System constant [MW / Hz]
ΔF: Frequency deviation [Hz]
ΔPT: Amount of change in tidal power on the interconnection line P0 (n): Value of the interchangeable power amount P0 at the current time (n) [MW]
P0 (n + 1): value of interchangeable power P0 at the next P0 update time (n + 1) [MW]
T: Update period [s] of the power consumption P0
SUMT: Elapsed time [s] since the update of the power consumption amount P0
In the above equation (7), the flow direction of the electric power flowing into the own system is a positive value. (P0 (n + 1) −P0 (n)) is a predicted change amount of the interchangeable electric energy.

  FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the interchangeable power amount P0 and the power generation amount of the power generation facility 1 when d1 “power generation target value” is calculated based on the equation (7) and the power generation amount of the power generation facility 1 is controlled. The d1 “power generation target value” as the regional requirement amount (AR) is instructed to the power generation facility 1 in stages, not in a lump. That is, the portion of (P0 (n + 1) −P0 (n)) that is the predicted change amount of the interchangeable electric energy in the d1 “power generation target value” as the regional requirement amount (AR) is the update cycle time of the interchangeable electric energy P0. The power generation equipment 1 is calculated step by step so as to be achieved. As a result, since the power generation facility 1 generates power step by step, temporary supply and demand imbalance at the time of renewal can be suppressed.

(2) In the above embodiment, the ELD total demand is calculated by the equation (2). The ELD total demand may be calculated by equation (8).
ELD total demand (t) = demand forecast value (t) -natural energy forecast value (t)
+ (P0 (n + 1) -P0 (n)) (8)
ELD total demand (t): power generation facilities 1a, 1b expected to be required at time t
Total value [MW] of 1b, 1n generated power
Demand forecast value: Total demand power value [MW] predicted to be required at time t
Natural energy predicted value: Natural energy predicted to be required at time t
Total value [MW] of the generated power of the power generation facilities 2a, 2b, 2n
P0 (n): Value of interchangeable electric energy P0 at the current time (n) [MW]
P0 (n + 1): value of interchangeable power P0 at the next P0 update time (n + 1) [MW]
In the above equation (8), the flow direction of the electric power flowing into the own system is a positive value. (P0 (n + 1) −P0 (n)) is a predicted change amount of the interchangeable electric energy. Since the ELD total demand is calculated by predicting the change in the value of the interchangeable power amount P0, it is possible to generate power with the power generation facility 1 that is more economical.

(3) In the above embodiment, the calculation of the ELD total demand, the demand prediction value, and the natural energy prediction value, which are prediction values, is performed every 5 minutes, but the calculation time period is not limited to this. For example, the above-described calculation may be performed at a cycle of 2 minutes or 10 minutes.

(4) In the above embodiment, the natural energy power generation facility 2 is a solar power generation device, but is not limited thereto. The natural energy power generation facility 2 may be wind power generation, ocean current power generation, or geothermal power generation.

(5) In the above embodiment, the input unit 41 is a receiving circuit, but is not limited thereto. The input unit 41 may be an input device using a memory port or a keyboard.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,1a-1n ... Power generation equipment 2, 2a-2n ... Natural energy power generation equipment 3 ... Detection apparatus 4 ... Control apparatus 7, 7a-7n ... Signal line 8 for detection, 8a ˜8n, control signal lines 9, 9a, power system 9b, other power system 9c, interconnection lines 41, 41a to 41n, input sections 42, 42a to 42n,. Output unit 43 ... Target value creation unit 44 ... AR calculation unit 45 ... AR smoothing unit 46 ... AR distribution unit 47 ... Total demand calculation unit 48 ... Storage unit 49 ... ELD schedule calculator

Claims (10)

A plurality of power generation facilities for supplying power to the power system;
A natural energy power generation facility for supplying power to the power system;
A detection device for measuring a frequency change amount of the power system, a connected tidal current power change amount, and a flexible power amount;
A control device for instructing a power generation target value to the plurality of power generation facilities,
The controller is
An AR calculation unit that calculates an area required power (AR value) based on the frequency change amount detected by the detection device, the interconnection power flow change amount, and the accommodation power amount;
An AR smoothing unit for frequency-resolving the regional required power (AR value) calculated by the AR calculation unit;
A target value creation unit that calculates the power generation target value for each of the plurality of power generation facilities based on the regional required power (AR value) frequency-resolved by the AR smoothing unit;
The regional required power (AR value) is calculated including a predicted change amount of the accommodation power amount based on the accommodation power amount detected by the detection device.
Electric power supply and demand control system. The regional required power (AR value) is calculated in stages so that the predicted change amount of the accommodation power amount is achieved within the update cycle time of the accommodation power amount.
The power supply and demand control system according to claim 1. The controller is
A total demand calculating unit that calculates an economic load distribution (ELD) total demand based on a demand predicted value and a natural energy predicted value generated by the natural energy power generation facility;
The target value creation unit is configured to generate the power generation for each of the plurality of power generation facilities based on the economic demand distribution (ELD) total demand calculated by the total demand calculation unit in addition to the frequency-resolved regional demand power (AR value). Calculate the target value,
The economic load distribution (ELD) total demand is calculated based on the difference between the demand record and the past demand forecast value and the natural energy demand record and the past natural energy forecast value.
The power supply and demand control system according to claim 1 or 2. The economic load distribution (ELD) total demand is
Calculated including a predicted change amount of the interchangeable power amount based on the interchangeable power amount detected by the detection device,
The power supply and demand control system according to claim 3. An AR calculation module that calculates a regional required power (AR value) based on a frequency change amount detected by a detection device installed in the power system, an interconnection power flow change amount, and a flexible power amount;
An AR smoothing module for frequency-resolving the regional required power (AR value) calculated by the AR calculation module;
A target value creation module that calculates a power generation target value for each of a plurality of power generation facilities based on the regional required power (AR value) frequency-resolved by the AR smoothing module;
The regional required power (AR value) is calculated including a predicted change amount of the accommodation power amount based on the accommodation power amount detected by the detection device.
Computer program for power supply and demand control. A total demand calculation module that calculates economic load distribution (ELD) total demand based on the demand forecast value and the natural energy forecast value generated by the natural energy power generation facility;
The target value creation module is configured to generate the power generation for each of the plurality of power generation facilities based on the economic demand distribution (ELD) total demand calculated by the total demand calculation module in addition to the frequency-resolved regional demand power (AR value). Calculate the target value,
The economic load distribution (ELD) total demand is calculated based on the difference between the demand record and the past demand forecast value and the natural energy demand record and the past natural energy forecast value.
The computer program for power supply and demand control according to claim 5. The economic load distribution (ELD) total demand is
Calculated including a predicted change amount of the interchangeable power amount based on the interchangeable power amount detected by the detection device,
The computer program for power supply and demand control according to claim 6. An AR calculation procedure for calculating a regional required power (AR value) based on a frequency change amount detected by a detection device installed in the power system, a connected tidal power change amount, and a flexible power amount;
An AR smoothing procedure for frequency-resolving the regional required power (AR value) calculated by the AR calculation module;
A target value creation procedure for calculating a power generation target value for each of a plurality of power generation facilities based on the regional required power (AR value) frequency-resolved by the AR smoothing module;
The regional required power (AR value) is calculated including a predicted change amount of the accommodation power amount based on the accommodation power amount detected by the detection device.
Electricity supply and demand control method. A total demand calculation procedure for calculating an economic load distribution (ELD) total demand based on the predicted demand value and the predicted natural energy generated by the natural energy power generation facility;
The target value creation procedure includes the power generation for each of the plurality of power generation facilities based on the total demand for economic load (ELD) calculated by the total demand calculation procedure in addition to the frequency-resolved regional demand power (AR value). Calculate the target value,
The economic load distribution (ELD) total demand is calculated based on the difference between the demand record and the past demand forecast value and the natural energy demand record and the past natural energy forecast value.
The power supply and demand control method according to claim 8. The economic load distribution (ELD) total demand is
Calculated including a predicted change amount of the interchangeable power amount based on the interchangeable power amount detected by the detection device,
The power supply and demand control method according to claim 9.

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