CN104600755A - Wind power, hydraulic power and thermal power generating unit optimizing and coordinating method and system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a wind power, hydraulic power and thermal power generating unit optimizing and coordinating method and system. The method comprises, firstly, according to the current starting and stopping plan of generating units and short-term and ultrashort-term wind power predication, determining the total second-level standby requirements of a regional power grid; secondly, performing optimization combined computation on hydraulic power generating units and thermal power generating units in the regional power grid; thirdly, according to output limits of the generating units, determining and checking whether second-level standby capacity requirements reach a designated second-level standby capacity, and if not, adjusting the output limits of the generating units with second-level standby abilities; fourthly, performing simulating calculation on generating unit combination schemes meeting the second-level standby capacity requirements to check whether the second-level standby capacity can maintain the frequency at a designated level when wind power generating output changes within a designated range. The wind power, hydraulic power and thermal power generating unit optimizing and coordinating method can achieve generating unit combined optimization according to the characteristics of hydraulic power, thermal power and gas generating units to determine necessary second-level standby, meet the load requirements and minimize the operating cost of the entire system.

Description

The method and system that wind-powered electricity generation, water power and fired power generating unit optimization are coordinated

Technical field

The invention belongs to technical field of electric power, relate to the method and system that a kind of wind-powered electricity generation, water power and fired power generating unit optimization are coordinated.

Background technology

Electric power system can operating unit (if day scheduling was a cycle of operation with a day) within certain cycle of operation; how to carry out combining and arrange startup-shutdown plan; could workload demand met and make the operating cost of whole system (fuel consumption) minimum; as much as possiblely to economize on resources; this is an importance in Economic Dispatch research, and the economic benefit that it brings also is considerable.

Along with the continuous expansion of electrical network scale, the stability of electric power system becomes very important research topic, and wherein the frequency stabilization of electrical network is not only related to the quality of mains supply, simultaneously most important to stablizing of electrical network.The responsibility of normal grid frequency adjustment is at central dispatching, the situation of current electric grid determines that each grid-connected unit will shoulder the responsibility of active adjustment mains frequency, if all units are a certain amount of active power of the corresponding timely increase and decrease of equal energy when mains frequency is abnormal, even if then electrical network loses separate unit large sized unit, mains frequency can automatically restore to normal range (NR).

Due to mutability and the uncertainty of wind-powered electricity generation, vast scale wind-electricity integration causes serious difficulty first can to the economical operation of electrical network scheduling, finally will threaten to the safe and stable operation of electrical network, thus also make wind energy turbine set utilize hourage too low, cannot scale effect be formed.By wind power a few days ago and following per half an hour rolling forecast, the impact that wind power uncertainty is brought power balance can be improved to a certain extent, the accuracy that current wind power is predicted a few days ago reaches 80%, and the precision of every half rolling forecast can reach 90%.But still having the wind power random fluctuation of 10 ~ 20% to become affects the stable key factor of mains frequency.

Wind energy, as a kind of clean regenerative resource, to increasing our energy supply, adjusts China's energy resource structure and positive role of having preserved the ecological environment.At present, wind-powered electricity generation has become generally accepted alternative energy source technology in world wide, and the scale of China's wind-powered electricity generation installation in recent years rapid expansion, becomes the new industry that growth rate is the highest.But due to mutability and the uncertainty of wind-powered electricity generation, vast scale wind-electricity integration can bring serious impact to operation of power networks, scheduling and stability, the still boneless electrical network of China is formed and impacts, make wind energy turbine set utilize hourage too low, cannot scale effect be formed.

In order to solve the safety and stability sex chromosome mosaicism that large-scale wind power is incorporated into the power networks, must carry out comprising the optimization coordination research of the whole power of the water power of wind-electricity integration, thermoelectricity and Gas Generator Set.

Do not consider that Unit Combination and the Economic Dispatch Problem of operation constraint are resolved traditionally.Wherein most important one side keeps mains frequency and voltage in acceptable level at system normal operation period.But due to the uncertainty of wind energy, exerting oneself of wind energy turbine set cannot entirely accurate be predicted, current state-of-the-art wind power prediction system, and its accuracy a few days ago predicted can reach 80%, half an hour, the accuracy of prediction can reach 90%, still had the deviation of 10 ~ 20%.When system loses part wind power generation, the balance of generating and load is disturbed, consequently mains frequency decline, change in voltage.In order to ensure stable operation and will drop to minimum on the impact of system, the power-balance be destroyed must be made to be restored within the shortest time, its means have the spinning reserve, the excision load that activate operating unit, or the two uses simultaneously.Typically, the spinning reserve of generating set is for subsequent use and minute for subsequent use by level second forms.The first adjustment by steam turbine for subsequent use of level second, in seconds activates (being no more than 30s); And minute for subsequent use to be realized by Secondary Control, generally between several second to a few minutes.

Along with the continuous expansion of electrical network scale, the stability of electric power system becomes very important research topic, and wherein the frequency stabilization of electrical network is not only related to the quality of mains supply, simultaneously most important to stablizing of electrical network.The responsibility of normal grid frequency adjustment is at central dispatching, the situation of current electric grid determines that each grid-connected unit will shoulder the responsibility of active adjustment mains frequency, if all units are a certain amount of active power of the corresponding timely increase and decrease of equal energy when mains frequency is abnormal, even if then electrical network the fluctuation of uncertain wind power occurs or loses separate unit large sized unit, mains frequency also can automatically restore to normal range (NR).

Successful emergency frequency regulates and requires that the unit run in system provides enough level second for subsequent use, and traditional Unit Combination algorithm can only process the spinning reserve capacity when not comprising that under dynamic condition, emergency frequency regulates.In order to maintain reliable power supply, require to provide enough level reserve capacitys second.But in order to meet frequency security, the distribution on operating unit for subsequent use of level second causes the underrun of some operating units, and then, in order to meet workload demand, will the increase of operating unit quantity be caused.Therefore, which adds the fuel cost of entire system.Spinning reserve ability total under existing Unit Combination and economic dispatch algorithm all only consider given loading condiction, makes the result of these algorithms unreliable.In order to realize balance between for subsequent use and fuel cost of level second, needing to be optimized Unit Combination, making system within each time interval, provide level just enough seconds power for subsequent use to meet frequency security requirement.

Summary of the invention

In view of this, main purpose of the present invention is a kind of method providing wind-powered electricity generation, water power and fired power generating unit optimization to coordinate, it can carry out Unit Combination optimization according to the characteristic of water power, thermoelectricity and Gas Generator Set, determine that necessary level second is for subsequent use, and between water power, thermoelectricity and Gas Generator Set etc., be optimized distribution by for subsequent use for level second, the random fluctuation of wind power 10 ~ 20% that electrical network is dissolved in real time outside prediction, meets workload demand and makes the operating cost of whole system minimum.

For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of method that wind-powered electricity generation, water power and fired power generating unit optimization are coordinated, it is characterized in that, the method comprises: first, according to the wind power prediction of unit startup-shutdown on same day plan and short-term, ultra-short term, determine that regional power grid is to total level second requirement for subsequent use, described level second requirement for subsequent use is always the spinning reserve power when prediction wind power output maximum deviation is 20%;

Then, be optimized combination to the Hydropower Unit in regional power grid and fired power generating unit to calculate, be included in First ray, distribution is optimized between the second sequence and the 3rd sequence unit, wherein, First ray is Gas Generator Set and pump-storage generator, and the second sequence is the Hydropower Unit that reservoir has regulating power, and the 3rd sequence is the fired power generating unit of quick adjustment; The optimum organization scheme of all types of unit is enable to meet load and level reserve capacity requirement second needed for wind power change at random;

Judge verification level reserve capacity second requires whether reach level reserve capacity second of specifying according to unit output restriction, if do not reached, adjustment possesses the limit value of exerting oneself of the generating set of level marginal capacity second, re-starts Optimization of Unit Commitment and calculates, until reach level reserve capacity second of specifying;

For the satisfied Unit Combination scheme that second, level reserve capacity required, carry out simulation calculation, to verify this second level reserve capacity when wind power generation output changes by specified scope, whether frequency can be maintained specified level, if can not, amendment level reserve capacity second requires and again solves and verify.

Another object of the present invention is to the system providing a kind of wind-powered electricity generation, water power and fired power generating unit optimization to coordinate, it is characterized in that, comprising:

Determining unit, for the wind power prediction according to unit startup-shutdown on same day plan and short-term, ultra-short term, determine that regional power grid is to total level second requirement for subsequent use, described level second requirement for subsequent use is always the spinning reserve power when prediction wind power output maximum deviation is 20%;

Computing unit, calculate for being optimized combination to the Hydropower Unit in regional power grid and fired power generating unit, be included in First ray, distribution is optimized between the second sequence and the 3rd sequence unit, wherein, First ray is Gas Generator Set and pump-storage generator, and the second sequence is the Hydropower Unit that reservoir has regulating power, and the 3rd sequence is the fired power generating unit of quick adjustment; The optimum organization scheme of all types of unit is enable to meet load and level reserve capacity requirement second needed for wind power change at random;

Detecting unit, judge verification level reserve capacity second requires whether reach level reserve capacity second of specifying according to unit output restriction, if do not reached, adjustment possesses the limit value of exerting oneself of the generating set of level marginal capacity second, re-start Optimization of Unit Commitment to calculate, until reach level reserve capacity second of specifying;

Verification unit, for the Unit Combination scheme to satisfied level reserve capacity requirement second, carry out simulation calculation, to verify this second level reserve capacity when wind power generation output changes by specified scope, whether frequency can be maintained specified level, if can not, amendment level reserve capacity second requires and again solves and verify.

The present invention has following substantive distinguishing features and progress relative to prior art:

First, realize simple, under comprising the condition of large-scale wind power access electrical network, in short-term, on the basis of super short-period wind power prediction (a few days ago and halfhour rolling forecast), first according to water power, the characteristic of thermoelectricity and Gas Generator Set carries out Unit Combination optimization, in science, on rational startup-shutdown project basis, determine that necessary level second is for subsequent use, and by for subsequent use for level second at water power, distribution is optimized between thermoelectricity and Gas Generator Set etc., enable the random fluctuation of wind power 10 ~ 20% that electrical network is dissolved in real time outside prediction, meet workload demand and make the operating cost of whole system (fuel consumption) minimum, as much as possiblely to economize on resources, realize wind-powered electricity generation, the optimization of water power and fired power generating unit is coordinated, by Gas Generator Set, pumped storage, water power, the quick adjustment of the conventional power plants such as thermoelectricity meets the uncertain active power fluctuation brought of wind-powered electricity generation.

Second, practical, in power-system short-term traffic control, consider the uncertainty of wind power and load prediction and the possibility of generating equipment fault, except the enough generate outputs of arrangement meet except the load of prediction, for system reserves certain generating reserve capacity.When wind power output is fallen, by the Gas Generator Set of specifying, pumped storage, there is the rapid responding mechanis of the primary frequency modulation of the Hydropower Unit of regulating power and the fired power generating unit of quick adjustment, there is provided sufficient level second for subsequent use come the frequency of capture systems fall, ensure that mains frequency is stable and avoid excising load as far as possible.When wind power output increases suddenly, by the Gas Generator Set of specifying, pumped storage, there is the rapid responding mechanis of the primary frequency modulation of the Hydropower Unit of regulating power and the fired power generating unit of quick adjustment, quick minimizing is exerted oneself and to be risen with the frequency of capture systems, ensures that mains frequency is stablized.

3rd, safe and reliable, the present invention makes system when losing a large amount of wind-powered electricity generation, and put forward the methods can provide enough for subsequent use going of level second catch frequency decrease and guarantee reliable power supply, the fuel cost of the unit that simultaneously runs minimized.Wind power can as a kind of negative load, using its fluctuation of 10 ~ 20% as determining level second basis for subsequent use.First the frequency decrease that the loss of wind power generation causes compensates by activation level second is for subsequent use, then, if necessary, replaces and activates minute for subsequent use or cutting load.Consider relevant two factors for subsequent use with system level second: all level second supplies for subsequent use, and activate level second dynamic characteristic for subsequent use, these two factors determine the frequency retrieval speed after losing generating and system safety to a certain extent.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the method that wind-powered electricity generation of the present invention, water power and fired power generating unit optimization are coordinated;

Fig. 2 is level second of method shown in Fig. 1 embodiment schematic diagram optimizing distribution for subsequent use;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the system that wind-powered electricity generation of the present invention, water power and fired power generating unit optimization are coordinated.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described, and to make those skilled in the art the present invention may be better understood and can be implemented, but illustrated embodiment is not as a limitation of the invention.

First embodiment

Please refer to Fig. 1; the method that wind-powered electricity generation of the present invention, water power and fired power generating unit optimization are coordinated comprises: first; according to the wind power prediction of unit startup-shutdown on same day plan and short-term, ultra-short term; determine that regional power grid is to total level second requirement for subsequent use, described level second requirement for subsequent use is always the spinning reserve power when prediction wind power output maximum deviation is 20%.

Preferably, be exactly total unit level second unit for subsequent use can send in 5 seconds spinning reserve power, total the requirement for subsequent use of level second be exactly spinning reserve power when predicting that wind power output maximum deviation is 20%.

Then, be optimized combination to the Hydropower Unit in regional power grid and fired power generating unit to calculate, be included in First ray, distribution is optimized between the second sequence and the 3rd sequence unit, wherein, First ray is Gas Generator Set and pump-storage generator, and the second sequence is the Hydropower Unit that reservoir has regulating power, and the 3rd sequence is the fired power generating unit of quick adjustment; The optimum organization scheme of all types of unit is enable to meet load and level reserve capacity requirement second needed for wind power change at random.

Then, judge verification level reserve capacity second requires whether reach level reserve capacity second of specifying according to unit output restriction, if do not reached, adjustment possesses the limit value of exerting oneself of the generating set of level marginal capacity second, re-start Optimization of Unit Commitment to calculate, until reach level reserve capacity second of specifying.

Finally, for the satisfied Unit Combination scheme that second, level reserve capacity required, carry out simulation calculation, to verify this second level reserve capacity when wind power generation output changes by specified scope, whether frequency can be maintained specified level, if can not, amendment level reserve capacity second requires and again solves and verify.

Preferably, described level reserve capacity second of specifying is total spinning reserve power that unit can send in 5 seconds.

As specific embodiment, first according to the wind power prediction of unit startup-shutdown on same day plan and short-term, ultra-short term, regional power grid is proposed to total level second requirement for subsequent use (TSRD); On this basis combination is optimized to the Hydropower Unit in regional power grid and fired power generating unit, enables the optimum organization scheme of all types of unit meet requirement for subsequent use needed for load and wind power change at random; For subsequent use for total level second, according to the characteristic of different unit, between available unit, be optimized distribution, First ray is Gas Generator Set and pump-storage generator, second sequence is the Hydropower Unit that reservoir has regulating power, and the 3rd sequence is the fired power generating unit of quick adjustment; Finally obtain the optimization coordinate scheme of wind-powered electricity generation, water power, all types of unit of thermoelectricity, realize the combination of system primary frequency modulation, frequency modulation frequency modulation, to ensure that mains frequency is stablized.

Preferably, wind power can as a kind of negative load, using its fluctuation of 10 ~ 20% as determining level second basis for subsequent use.The present invention makes system when losing a large amount of wind-powered electricity generation, and put forward the methods can provide enough for subsequent use going of level second catch frequency decrease and guarantee reliable power supply, the fuel cost of the unit that simultaneously runs minimized.First the frequency decrease that the loss of wind power generation causes compensates by activation level second is for subsequent use, then, if necessary, replaces and activates minute for subsequent use or cutting load.

Preferably, need consideration two aspects with system level second relevant factor for subsequent use: the first, the supply for subsequent use of level whole second; The second, the dynamic characteristic that activation level second is for subsequent use.These two factors determine the frequency retrieval speed after losing generating and system safety to a certain extent.

Preferably; optimize coordinator first according to the wind power prediction of unit startup-shutdown on same day plan and short-term/ultra-short term; level second needed for formulation system requirement (TSRD for subsequent use; Total Second-ReserveDemand), then carry out comprising level second optimal unit combination for subsequent use and calculate.The for subsequent use requirement during initialization of level second is a designated value, determines according to system boot situation, wind power prediction and predicted load; The frequency response of computing system when wind power output is significantly fallen, revises the value of TSRD when each calculating takes turns iteration.

Preferably, described Optimization of Unit Commitment calculates and adopts dynamic programming method.Unit Combination is optimized under level given second condition for subsequent use, to each set optimization coordinate scheme of the current time t of overall operation network minimal (fuel cost) of sening as an envoy to, algorithm be:

$\min F=\underset{t=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\left[f_{\mathrm{it}}\left(p_{\mathrm{it}}\right)u_{\mathrm{it}}\right]$

Wherein, F is each unit operation total cost of day part; N represents generating set quantity; M represents the time interval of calculating; u _it{ 0,1} represents the start and stop state of i unit in the t period to ∈: 1 is running status, and 0 is stopped status; p _itrepresent that i unit is exerted oneself at the meritorious of t period; f _it(p _it) for i unit is in the operating cost of t period; x _itrepresent the state variable of i unit when running or shut down.

Preferably, described adjustment possesses the algorithm of the limit value of exerting oneself of the generating set of level marginal capacity second and is:

$\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{u}_{\mathrm{it}}{p}_{\mathrm{it}}=P_D-P_L,p_{\mathrm{it},\min }\≤p_{\mathrm{it}}\≤p_{\mathrm{it},\max }$

Wherein, P _drepresent the system loading of period t, P _lrepresent the meritorious via net loss of period t, p _it, p _{it, max,}p _{it, min}represent that i unit is exerted oneself and upper and lower limit at the meritorious of t period.

Preferably, the algorithm that the appointment that described second, level reserve capacity reached requires is:

$\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\min \{u_{\mathrm{it}}{p}_{\sec \mathrm{ond},\mathrm{it}},u_{\mathrm{it}}(p_{\mathrm{it},\max }-p_{\mathrm{it}})\}\≥p_{\mathrm{Res},\sec \mathrm{ond}}$

Wherein, p _{second, i}represent that to lose in system level second that in latter 5 seconds of generating, i-th unit sends for subsequent use, P _{res, second}refer to and to lose in latter 5 seconds of generating to catch frequency decrease in system, avoid cutting load and total spinning reserve power of providing.

Preferably, described unit output restriction comprises: unit ramping rate constraints

-p _ramp,i≤p _it-p _i,t-1≤p _ramp,i

Wherein, t _{upt, i}for the minimum rise time of unit i.

Preferably, described algorithm frequency being maintained specified level is:

f _min≥f _pre-defined

Wherein, f _minfor the system low-limit frequency of reality, f _pre-definedfor user-defined for ensureing the minimum frequency level that system stable operation allows, if mains frequency is lower than this level, then underfrequency protection action triggers cutting load is to keep mains frequency in predefined level.

Preferably, the algorithm of described simulation calculation is:

$M_i\frac{\mathrm{d\Δ}{\mathrm{\ω}}_i}{\mathrm{dt}}+D_i\mathrm{\Δ}{\mathrm{\ω}}_i=\mathrm{\Δ}{P}_{m,i}-\mathrm{\Δ}{P}_{e,i}$

f _i＝ω _i÷2π

Wherein, M _irepresent the inertia coeffeicent of i unit; D _irepresent the damping coefficient of i unit; Δ ω represents the rotating speed deviation of i unit; Δ P _m,irepresent the mechanical output of i unit; Δ P _e,irepresent the electromagnetic power of i unit; f _irepresent the frequency of i unit; ω _irepresent the angular speed of i unit.

Preferably, described optimum organization scheme is passed through to calculate mains frequency, until when reaching appointment low-limit frequency, coordination optimization calculates, this optimum organization scheme comprises: the Unit Combination scheme of per period, the distribution in each unit for subsequent use of level second, and/or the minimizing of fuel cost every day.

Preferably, first the frequency decrease that the loss of wind power generation causes compensates by activation level second is for subsequent use, then, if necessary, replaces and activates minute for subsequent use or cutting load.

Preferably, when needed for formulating, second, level was for subsequent use, take into full account capacity and the speed regulator operating characteristics of the dissimilar units such as water power in regional power grid, thermoelectricity and combustion gas, Wind turbines is made to exert oneself when exceeding the fluctuation of estimation range, give full play in system the unit with fm capacity, make the unit with different qualities give full play to respective effect, reach the object that overall coordination is optimized.

Please refer to Fig. 2, the optimization between operating unit for subsequent use of level second is divided into three sequences, and First ray is Gas Generator Set and pump-storage generator, and the second sequence is the Hydropower Unit that reservoir has regulating power, and the 3rd sequence is the fired power generating unit of quick adjustment.

Δ P in Fig. 2 _{m, gas}represent the mechanical output of Gas Generator Set, Δ P _{m, PSDP}represent the mechanical output of pump-storage generator, Δ P _{m, hydro}represent the mechanical output with the Hydropower Unit of balancing reservoir, Δ P _{m, steam}represent the mechanical output with the fired power generating unit of rapid adjustability, Δ ω represents the rotating speed deviation after the stabilization of power grids.For subsequent use in order to ensure enough levels second, to each period, the different units with frequency modulation potentiality are specified respectively to the limit value of its maximum output, be usually less than or equal to the maximum output of unit.If the result of Unit Combination optimization can not ensure that enough levels second are for subsequent use, then adjust the maximum output limit value of unit, until level second specified by each period is for subsequent use be met till.Level second of each period is for subsequent use, also needs to upgrade when mains frequency calculates link.

Second embodiment

Please refer to Fig. 3, the system that wind-powered electricity generation of the present invention, water power and fired power generating unit optimization are coordinated, comprising:

Determining unit 101; for the wind power prediction according to unit startup-shutdown on same day plan and short-term, ultra-short term; determine that regional power grid is to total level second requirement for subsequent use, described level second requirement for subsequent use is always the spinning reserve power when prediction wind power output maximum deviation is 20%.

Computing unit 102, calculate for being optimized combination to the Hydropower Unit in regional power grid and fired power generating unit, be included in First ray, distribution is optimized between the second sequence and the 3rd sequence unit, wherein, First ray is Gas Generator Set and pump-storage generator, and the second sequence is the Hydropower Unit that reservoir has regulating power, and the 3rd sequence is the fired power generating unit of quick adjustment; The optimum organization scheme of all types of unit is enable to meet load and level reserve capacity requirement second needed for wind power change at random.

Detecting unit 103, judge verification level reserve capacity second requires whether reach level reserve capacity second of specifying according to unit output restriction, if do not reached, adjustment possesses the limit value of exerting oneself of the generating set of level marginal capacity second, re-start Optimization of Unit Commitment to calculate, until reach level reserve capacity second of specifying.

Verification unit 104, for the Unit Combination scheme to satisfied level reserve capacity requirement second, carry out simulation calculation, to verify this second level reserve capacity when wind power generation output changes by specified scope, whether frequency can be maintained specified level, if can not, amendment level reserve capacity second requires and again solves and verify.

Preferably, described optimum organization scheme is passed through to calculate mains frequency, until when reaching appointment low-limit frequency, coordination optimization calculates, this optimum organization scheme comprises: the Unit Combination scheme of per period, the distribution in each unit for subsequent use of level second, and/or the minimizing of fuel cost every day.

Preferably, first the frequency decrease that the loss of wind power generation causes compensates by activation level second is for subsequent use, then, if necessary, replaces and activates minute for subsequent use or cutting load.

Preferably, when needed for formulating, second, level was for subsequent use, take into full account capacity and the speed regulator operating characteristics of the dissimilar units such as water power in regional power grid, thermoelectricity and combustion gas, Wind turbines is made to exert oneself when exceeding the fluctuation of estimation range, give full play in system the unit with fm capacity, make the unit with different qualities give full play to respective effect, reach the object that overall coordination is optimized.

The dynamic constrained of system being taken into account by initialization system minimum acceptable frequency is important feature of the present invention, and this does not consider in the Optimization of Unit Commitment By Improved of routine.In the method, frequency computation part will be performed when each period after wind power fluctuation.Difference on the frequency between the low-limit frequency calculated and the frequency preset is used for estimating that new level second is for subsequent use.The revised level second designated value being used as the next iteration of right circulation in Fig. 1 for subsequent use.

Preferably, described unit output restriction comprises: set state dynamic constrained

x _i,t+1＝x _it+u _itif x _itu _it>0,

x _i,t+1＝u _itif x _itu _it<0

Wherein, t _{upt, i}for the minimum rise time of unit i

Carried out the calculating of system frequency by Power System Dynamic Simulation program, in electric system simulation program, the dynamical equation of generator is as follows:

$M_i\frac{\mathrm{d\&Delta;}{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_i}{\mathrm{dt}}+D_i\mathrm{\&Delta;}{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_i=\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_{m,i}-\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_{e,i}$

f _i＝ω _i÷2π

Wherein M _irepresent the inertia coeffeicent of i unit, D _irepresent the damping coefficient of i unit, Δ ω represents the rotating speed deviation of i unit, Δ P _m,irepresent the mechanical output of i unit, Δ P _e,irepresent the electromagnetic power of i unit, f _irepresent the frequency of i unit, ω _irepresent the angular speed of i unit.

Calculated by system frequency, until mains frequency meets the demands time (reaching predefined system low-limit frequency), coordination optimization calculates and terminates, and obtains all types of set optimization coordinate schemes of current time t, comprising: the Unit Combination scheme of (1) per period; (2) the level second distribution in each unit for subsequent use; (3) the minimizing of fuel cost every day.

Preferably, described predefined system low-limit frequency is:

f _min≥f _pre-defined

Wherein, f _minfor the system low-limit frequency of reality, f _pre-definedfor user-defined for ensureing the minimum frequency level that system stable operation allows, if mains frequency is lower than this level, then underfrequency protection action triggers cutting load is to keep mains frequency in predefined level.Otherwise system will lose to stablize even collapses.

3rd embodiment

The method that the wind-powered electricity generation of the present embodiment, water power and fired power generating unit optimization are coordinated; comprise: first; according to the wind power prediction of unit startup-shutdown on same day plan and short-term, ultra-short term; determine that regional power grid is to total level second requirement for subsequent use, described level second requirement for subsequent use is always the spinning reserve power when prediction wind power output maximum deviation is 20%.

Preferably, be exactly total unit level second unit for subsequent use can send in 5 seconds spinning reserve power, total the requirement for subsequent use of level second be exactly spinning reserve power when predicting that wind power output maximum deviation is 20%.

Then, be optimized combination to the Hydropower Unit in regional power grid and fired power generating unit to calculate, be included in First ray, distribution is optimized between the second sequence and the 3rd sequence unit, wherein, First ray is Gas Generator Set and pump-storage generator, and the second sequence is the Hydropower Unit that reservoir has regulating power, and the 3rd sequence is the fired power generating unit of quick adjustment; The optimum organization scheme of all types of unit is enable to meet load and level reserve capacity requirement second needed for wind power change at random.

Then, judge verification level reserve capacity second requires whether reach level reserve capacity second of specifying according to unit output restriction, if do not reached, adjustment possesses the limit value of exerting oneself of the generating set of level marginal capacity second, re-start Optimization of Unit Commitment to calculate, until reach level reserve capacity second of specifying.

Finally, for the satisfied Unit Combination scheme that second, level reserve capacity required, carry out simulation calculation, to verify this second level reserve capacity when wind power generation output changes by specified scope, whether frequency can be maintained specified level, if can not, amendment level reserve capacity second requires and again solves and verify.

Preferably, described optimum organization scheme is passed through to calculate mains frequency, until when reaching appointment low-limit frequency, coordination optimization calculates, this optimum organization scheme comprises: the Unit Combination scheme of per period, the distribution in each unit for subsequent use of level second, and/or the minimizing of fuel cost every day.

Preferably, first the frequency decrease that the loss of wind power generation causes compensates by activation level second is for subsequent use, then, if necessary, replaces and activates minute for subsequent use or cutting load.

Preferably, when needed for formulating, second, level was for subsequent use, take into full account capacity and the speed regulator operating characteristics of the dissimilar units such as water power in regional power grid, thermoelectricity and combustion gas, Wind turbines is made to exert oneself when exceeding the fluctuation of estimation range, give full play in system the unit with fm capacity, make the unit with different qualities give full play to respective effect, reach the object that overall coordination is optimized.

The dynamic constrained of system being taken into account by initialization system minimum acceptable frequency is important feature of the present invention, and this does not consider in the Optimization of Unit Commitment By Improved of routine.In the method, frequency computation part will be performed when each period after wind power fluctuation.Difference on the frequency between the low-limit frequency calculated and the frequency preset is used for estimating that new level second is for subsequent use.The revised level second designated value being used as the next iteration of right circulation in Fig. 1 for subsequent use.

Preferably, described unit output restriction comprises: the minimum rise time constraint of unit

1≤x _it≤t _upt,iif u _it＝1

Wherein, t _{upt, i}for the minimum rise time of unit i

Carried out the calculating of system frequency by Power System Dynamic Simulation program, in electric system simulation program, the dynamical equation of generator is as follows:

$M_i\frac{\mathrm{d\&Delta;}{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_i}{\mathrm{dt}}+D_i\mathrm{\&Delta;}{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_i=\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_{m,i}-\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_{e,i}$

f _i＝ω _i÷2π

Wherein M _irepresent the inertia coeffeicent of i unit, D _irepresent the damping coefficient of i unit, Δ ω represents the rotating speed deviation of i unit, Δ P _m,irepresent the mechanical output of i unit, Δ P _e,irepresent the electromagnetic power of i unit, f _irepresent the frequency of i unit, ω _irepresent the angular speed of i unit.

Calculated by system frequency, until mains frequency meets the demands time (reaching predefined system low-limit frequency), coordination optimization calculates and terminates, and obtains all types of set optimization coordinate schemes of current time t, comprising: the Unit Combination scheme of (1) per period; (2) the level second distribution in each unit for subsequent use; (3) the minimizing of fuel cost every day.

Preferably, described predefined system low-limit frequency is:

f _min≥f _pre-defined

Wherein, f _minfor the system low-limit frequency of reality, f _pre-definedfor user-defined for ensureing the minimum frequency level that system stable operation allows, if mains frequency is lower than this level, then underfrequency protection action triggers cutting load is to keep mains frequency in predefined level.Otherwise system will lose to stablize even collapses.

The above embodiment is only that protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto in order to absolutely prove the preferred embodiment that the present invention lifts.The equivalent alternative or conversion that those skilled in the art do on basis of the present invention, all within protection scope of the present invention.Protection scope of the present invention is as the criterion with claims.

Claims (10)

1. the method coordinated of wind-powered electricity generation, water power and fired power generating unit optimization, it is characterized in that, the method comprises:

First, according to the wind power prediction of unit startup-shutdown on same day plan and short-term, ultra-short term, determine that regional power grid is to total level second requirement for subsequent use, described level second requirement for subsequent use is always the spinning reserve power when predicting that wind power output maximum deviation is 20%;

Then, be optimized combination to the Hydropower Unit in regional power grid and fired power generating unit to calculate, be included in First ray, distribution is optimized between the second sequence and the 3rd sequence unit, wherein, First ray is Gas Generator Set and pump-storage generator, and the second sequence is the Hydropower Unit that reservoir has regulating power, and the 3rd sequence is the fired power generating unit of quick adjustment; The optimum organization scheme of all types of unit is enable to meet load and level reserve capacity requirement second needed for wind power change at random;

Judge verification level reserve capacity second requires whether reach level reserve capacity second of specifying according to unit output restriction, if do not reached, adjustment possesses the limit value of exerting oneself of the generating set of level marginal capacity second, re-starts Optimization of Unit Commitment and calculates, until reach level reserve capacity second of specifying;

For the satisfied Unit Combination scheme that second, level reserve capacity required, carry out simulation calculation, to verify this second level reserve capacity when wind power generation output changes by specified scope, whether frequency can be maintained specified level, if can not, amendment level reserve capacity second requires and again solves and verify.

2. the method coordinated of wind-powered electricity generation as claimed in claim 1, water power and fired power generating unit optimization, is characterized in that, described level reserve capacity second of specifying is total spinning reserve power that unit can send in 5 seconds.

3. the method coordinated of wind-powered electricity generation as claimed in claim 2, water power and fired power generating unit optimization, it is characterized in that, the algorithm that described Optimization of Unit Commitment calculates is:

$\min F=\underset{t=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\left[f_{\mathrm{it}}\left(p_{\mathrm{it}}\right)u_{\mathrm{it}}\right]$

Wherein, F is each unit operation total cost of day part; N represents generating set quantity; M represents the time interval of calculating; u _it{ 0,1} represents the start and stop state of i unit in the t period to ∈: 1 is running status, and 0 is stopped status; p _itrepresent that i unit is exerted oneself at the meritorious of t period; f _it(p _it) for i unit is in the operating cost of t period; x _itrepresent the state variable of i unit when running or shut down.

4. the method coordinated of wind-powered electricity generation as claimed in claim 3, water power and fired power generating unit optimization, it is characterized in that, the algorithm that described adjustment possesses the limit value of exerting oneself of the generating set of level marginal capacity second is:

$\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{u}_{\mathrm{it}}{p}_{\mathrm{it}}=P_D-P_L,p_{\mathrm{it},\min }\&le;p_{\mathrm{it}}\&le;p_{\mathrm{it},\max }$

Wherein, P _drepresent the system loading of period t, P _lrepresent the meritorious via net loss of period t, p _it, p _{it, max,}p _{it, min}represent that i unit is exerted oneself and upper and lower limit at the meritorious of t period.

5. the method coordinated of wind-powered electricity generation as claimed in claim 4, water power and fired power generating unit optimization, is characterized in that: the algorithm that the appointment that described second, level reserve capacity reached requires is:

$\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\min \{u_{\mathrm{it}}{p}_{\sec \mathrm{ond},\mathrm{it}},u_{\mathrm{it}}(p_{\mathrm{it},\max }-p_{\mathrm{it}})\}\&GreaterEqual;p_{\mathrm{Res},\sec \mathrm{ond}}$

Wherein, p _{second, i}represent that to lose in system level second that in latter 5 seconds of generating, i-th unit sends for subsequent use, P _{res, second}refer to and to lose in latter 5 seconds of generating to catch frequency decrease in system, avoid cutting load and total spinning reserve power of providing.

6. the method coordinated of wind-powered electricity generation as claimed in claim 5, water power and fired power generating unit optimization, it is characterized in that, described unit output restriction also comprises: unit ramping rate constraints, set state dynamic constrained, the minimum rise time constraint of unit, or minimum constraint fall time of unit.

7. the method coordinated of wind-powered electricity generation as claimed in claim 6, water power and fired power generating unit optimization, it is characterized in that, described algorithm frequency being maintained specified level is:

f _min≥f _pre-defined

Wherein, f _minfor the system low-limit frequency of reality, f _pre-definedfor user-defined for ensureing the minimum frequency level that system stable operation allows, if mains frequency is lower than this level, then underfrequency protection action triggers cutting load is to keep mains frequency in predefined level.

8. the method coordinated of wind-powered electricity generation as claimed in claim 7, water power and fired power generating unit optimization, it is characterized in that, the algorithm of described simulation calculation is:

$M_i\frac{\mathrm{d\&Delta;}{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_i}{\mathrm{dt}}+D_i\mathrm{\&Delta;}{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_i=\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_{m,i}-\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_{e,i}$

f _i＝ω _i÷2π

Wherein, M _irepresent the inertia coeffeicent of i unit; D _irepresent the damping coefficient of i unit; Δ ω represents the rotating speed deviation of i unit; Δ P _m,irepresent the mechanical output of i unit; Δ P _e,irepresent the electromagnetic power of i unit; f _irepresent the frequency of i unit; ω _irepresent the angular speed of i unit.

9. the method coordinated of wind-powered electricity generation as claimed in claim 8, water power and fired power generating unit optimization, it is characterized in that, described optimum organization scheme is by calculating mains frequency, until when reaching appointment low-limit frequency, coordination optimization calculates, this optimum organization scheme comprises: the Unit Combination scheme of per period, the distribution in each unit for subsequent use of level second, and/or the minimizing of fuel cost every day.

10. the system coordinated of wind-powered electricity generation, water power and fired power generating unit optimization, is characterized in that, comprising:

Determining unit, for the wind power prediction according to unit startup-shutdown on same day plan and short-term, ultra-short term, determine that regional power grid is to total level second requirement for subsequent use, described level second requirement for subsequent use is always the spinning reserve power when prediction wind power output maximum deviation is 20%;

Computing unit, calculate for being optimized combination to the Hydropower Unit in regional power grid and fired power generating unit, be included in First ray, distribution is optimized between the second sequence and the 3rd sequence unit, wherein, First ray is Gas Generator Set and pump-storage generator, and the second sequence is the Hydropower Unit that reservoir has regulating power, and the 3rd sequence is the fired power generating unit of quick adjustment; The optimum organization scheme of all types of unit is enable to meet load and level reserve capacity requirement second needed for wind power change at random;

Detecting unit, judge verification level reserve capacity second requires whether reach level reserve capacity second of specifying according to unit output restriction, if do not reached, adjustment possesses the limit value of exerting oneself of the generating set of level marginal capacity second, re-start Optimization of Unit Commitment to calculate, until reach level reserve capacity second of specifying;

Verification unit, for the Unit Combination scheme to satisfied level reserve capacity requirement second, carry out simulation calculation, to verify this second level reserve capacity when wind power generation output changes by specified scope, whether frequency can be maintained specified level, if can not, amendment level reserve capacity second requires and again solves and verify.