JP6792232B2 - Displacement information display device - Google Patents

Description

According to the present invention, for example, in the construction of mountain tunnels, landslide countermeasures, earth retaining works, etc., the displacement status (displacement speed and displacement amount) can be grasped at a glance in real time by a supervisor, a worker, an investigator, etc. at the site. The present invention relates to a displacement information display device.

For example, in mountain tunnel construction represented by the NATM method, after excavation due to blasting, the primary lining with sprayed concrete is performed on the excavated wall surface without much time, and rock bolts are placed in the surrounding area. I try to suppress the deformation of the mountain. After that, so-called A measurement (top subsidence amount, internal air displacement, etc.), which manages the displacement of the tunnel wall surface on a daily basis, is performed over time. The purposes of these measurements are (1) to determine whether the deformation of the surrounding ground remains in the elastic range or to be plastic, (2) to confirm the validity of the constructed support structure, and (3) not to construct it. Section design, examination of workability, (4) determination of secondary lining concrete placement time, etc.

Conventionally, in this type of underground A measurement, as shown in FIG. 13, after measuring the measurement reflective seals, prisms, etc. installed on the top and side walls by the total station 32 installed in the tunnel, this measurement result is obtained. Was input to the computer, and as shown in FIG. 14, the displacement amount and the sinking amount of each point were displayed on the monitor 34.

However, in the conventional method, although the approximate amount of displacement for each cross section of the mountain tunnel can be easily grasped from the screen, it is possible to visually and overall at a glance which location and how much displacement is occurring. I couldn't grasp it.

Therefore, in Patent Document 1 below, a plurality of internal space cross-sectional shape measurement points are repeatedly measured over time by a surveying instrument installed in the tunnel mine that is capable of measuring distance and angle, and the measurement results of the internal space cross section are measured. The displacement amount at each measurement is calculated from the difference between the initial internal space cross-section measurement value and the subsequent internal space cross-section measurement value, and the displacement amount is divided into arbitrary set equality lines on the monitor. At the same time, a method of displaying the displacement of the tunnel wall surface has been proposed in which the developed view is displayed by a color-coded development view for each range of the equal weight lines and the development view is switched and displayed in the order of time on the same monitor.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2008-298432

The display method according to Patent Document 1 focuses on the displacement amount and visually displays the displacement amount, but depending on the target structure, it may be necessary to pay attention to the displacement speed as well as the displacement. For example, for the lining concrete, which is the next step, in principle, concrete is placed after the deformation of the support (ground) has converged, but the convergence judgment is "Road tunnel observation / measurement guideline Heisei. According to the "21st revised edition" (Nippon Road Association, February 2009), "If the displacement speed of the internal displacement is 1 to 3 mm / month or less for about 2 weeks, it will hinder the construction of the lining. It is said that there is no such thing. ”, And the meaning of quickly grasping the displacement speed of the tunnel wall surface is important for establishing a quick work process.

It is also important to grasp the amount of displacement from the initial value, but the situation where the displacement speed suddenly increases is expected to cause some abnormality in the surrounding ground and support works. It is very important for supervisors and workers on site to know the information in real time in order to ensure the safety of work.

However, in all of the above-mentioned conventional measurement methods, the data obtained by measuring the top end and the internal displacement are taken into a computer in the management room or the like, and the data is organized and visually displayed on the monitor. These results allow people in the control room to view the measurement results in real time, but the information is sent and transmitted to the supervisors and workers in the mine. There was a time lag.

Therefore, even if abnormal wall displacement or displacement speed is confirmed, it takes time for the information to be transmitted to the supervisors and workers in the mine, and it is not possible to quickly determine whether to suspend or evacuate the personnel. There was also a risk that the safety of the facility would be delayed.

The tunnel construction work has been described as an example, but similar problems have occurred in the management of wall surface displacement in earth retaining excavation work, wall surface displacement in underground space construction excavation work, and slope and wall surface displacement in earthwork. There is.

Therefore, the main subject of the present invention is to enable supervisors, workers, investigators, etc. at the site to grasp the displacement status (displacement amount and displacement speed) of the structure in the ground or construction work at a glance in real time. The purpose is to provide a displacement information display device.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention according to claim 1 is a display device that simultaneously displays displacement information consisting of a displacement amount and a displacement speed from an initial value of a structure in a ground or a construction work.
The display device includes an LED light emitting unit in which light emitting diodes are arranged in a matrix in the vertical and horizontal directions.
The amount of displacement is ranked according to the control standard value, the display color is determined for each control standard rank, and the LED light emitting unit emits an upward arrow or a downward arrow, and a horizontal arrow with the display color for each control standard rank. Enable and
A threshold value is set for the displacement speed in advance, and when the measured displacement speed is larger than the threshold value , an upward arrow or a downward arrow is displayed on the LED light emitting unit in the display color for each management reference rank .
If the displacement speed that is measured becomes smaller than said threshold value, characterized in that the magnitude of the displacement amount in the LED light emission unit so as to display the horizontal arrows in the display color determined for each said control standards rank A display device for displacement information is provided.

In the invention according to claim 1, the display device for displaying displacement information consisting of the displacement amount from the initial value and the displacement speed includes LED light emitting units in which light emitting diodes are arranged in a matrix in the vertical and horizontal directions, and the displacement amount. Is ranked according to the control standard value, and the display color is determined for each of the control standard ranks, and the LED light emitting unit can emit an upward or downward arrow and a horizontal arrow with the display color for each control standard rank. ing.
Then, a threshold value is set in advance for the displacement speed, and when the measured displacement speed is larger than the threshold value , an upward arrow or a downward arrow is displayed on the LED light emitting unit in the display color for each management reference rank. Then, when the measured displacement speed becomes smaller than the threshold value , a horizontal arrow is displayed on the LED light emitting unit in a display color determined for each control reference rank according to the magnitude of the displacement amount. is there.

Therefore, by installing a large number of the display devices at the site, making it possible to transmit information with the management computer, and displaying the displacement information in real time, the supervisor at the site can see what the displacement speed is currently. Workers, investigators, etc. can grasp at a glance in real time, which can be used to instantly determine the timing of construction interruption, safety assurance, and implementation of auxiliary construction methods, improving work safety and ensuring stability of structures, etc. You will be connected.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the displacement display display device according to claim 1, wherein the threshold value is set to a numerical value capable of determining that the displacement speed is stable.

The invention according to claim 2 shows a criterion for setting the threshold value. As the threshold value, a numerical value that can be determined that the displacement speed is stable is usually set.

As the present invention according to claim 3 , the display device is provided with the displacement information display device according to any one of claims 1 and 2, which has a wireless communication function.

In the invention according to claim 3 , the display device has a wireless communication function. It is possible to connect by wire, but the convenience of installation will be achieved by having a wireless communication function.

As described in detail above, according to the present invention, the state of displacement (displacement amount and displacement speed) of the structure in the ground or construction work can be grasped at a glance in real time by supervisors, workers, investigators, etc. at the site. become.

It is a tunnel vertical sectional view which shows the displacement measurement system after tunnel excavation. (A) to (C) are procedure diagrams showing the displacement measurement procedure. It is a layout drawing of the displacement information display device 4 in one cross section. It is a front view of the displacement information display device 4. It is a display mode figure (A) to (E) of the internal space displacement information in the displacement information display device 4. It is a display mode figure (A) to (E) of the top subsidence displacement information in the displacement information display device 4. This is an example of the displacement measurement result of a tunnel. It is a time-dependent change diagram (No. 1) of the internal displacement at an arbitrary point. It is a time-dependent change diagram (No. 2) of the internal displacement at an arbitrary point. It is a time-dependent change diagram (No. 3) of the internal displacement at an arbitrary point. It is a figure which shows the application example to the earth retaining wall of the displacement information display device 4. It is a figure which shows the application example to the embankment retaining wall of the displacement information display device 4. It is a measurement procedure diagram of underground A measurement. It is a figure which shows the measurement result display example of the underground A measurement. It is a time course curve diagram of the internal displacement of a general tunnel.

Hereinafter, an example in which the displacement information display device 4 according to the present invention is applied to display the displacement measurement result of a mountain tunnel will be described in detail.

In the construction of a mountain tunnel by the NATM method, as shown in FIG. 1, heavy tunnel construction machines such as a wheel jumbo 7, a sprayer 8, and a wheel loader are arranged near the face S. For example, in the illustrated example, the upper part By the mini-bench method, which excavates by parallel work of the half and the lower half, rock bolt drilling and charge hole drilling / charge are performed in parallel in the upper half and the lower half, respectively, and then the upper half and the lower half. The excavation work is carried out every cycle in the order of cutting half at a stretch, then slipping out → hitting → primary spraying → building support work → secondary spraying → rock bolt placement. Regarding support work, depending on the ground conditions, construction of support work and secondary spraying may be omitted.

In the excavated mine where excavation and support work have been completed, so-called A measurement is performed over time.

In the measurement system, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, a total station 5 is arranged in a tunnel in a mine. The total station 5 is sequentially rebuilt according to the tunnel excavation, but it may be installed at the time of measurement by a tripod method. Further, a management computer 1 is installed in the field office H, and information such as measurement data can be transmitted in both directions by a communication cable 3 via a controller 2. Information can be transmitted wirelessly between the management computer 1 and the controller 2. The controller 2 has a function of organizing and transmitting display information to be transmitted to the respective displacement information display devices 4, 4, ..., Which will be described later, and a wireless transmitter 6 is connected for wireless transmission.

In the measurement work by the total station 5, first, as shown in FIG. 2A, at least two reference points A and B whose coordinates are known in advance are collimated by the total station 5, and the principle of triangulation is introduced. The installation coordinates of the total station 5 are calculated by the applied backward association method. Since the installation point may change, it is desirable to repeat the work of specifying the installation coordinates of the total station 5 every time various surveys are performed. In addition, as shown in the figure, a check point for confirming the calculated coordinates may be provided.

After that, as shown in FIG. 3B, when a command to start measurement is issued at predetermined time intervals or by the management computer 1 installed in the field office H, the total station is commanded by the controller 2. 5 automatically measures the shape of the tunnel wall surface at a plurality of shape measurement points of the inner space cross section. For measurement, a measurement target is embedded in the measurement location and this is measured. The measurement frequency is changed according to the distance between the measurement position and the face. For example, if the distance between the measurement position and the face is 0 to 0.5D (D is the tunnel excavation width), it is twice a day, and if it is 0.5D to 2.0D, it is once a day, 2.0D. ~ 5.0D once / 2 days, 5.0D or more once / week, or displacement speed of 10 mm or more twice / day, 5-10 mm once It is desirable to change the measurement frequency according to the displacement amount and displacement speed, such as / 1 day, once for 1 to 5 mm / 2 days, and once for 1 mm or less / week.

The number and spacing of the measurement points of the inner space cross-sectional shape can be arbitrarily selected from the wellhead to the face S. In addition, the number of cross sections of the measurement points is not fixed during the measurement period, and the cross sections are sequentially added as the excavation occurs. In addition, cross sections that are no longer required to be measured on the wellhead side will be sequentially excluded from the measurement targets. The cross section to be measured is repeatedly measured a plurality of times over time at a predetermined time interval in order to grasp the transition of displacement.

The measurement data is automatically taken into the management computer 1 by the communication system (FIG. (C)).

The measurement result taken into the management computer 1 is added to the measured data stored in the management computer 1 in advance, the measurement data is updated, and the display format is displayed on the monitor, for example, as shown in FIG. It is designed to be displayed with.

In addition, displacement information (displacement amount, displacement speed) is provided on the displacement information display device 4 (hereinafter, simply referred to as a display device) so that supervisors and workers in the tunnel can grasp the displacement information of the tunnel wall surface at a glance in real time. ) Is displayed.

The display device 4 is arranged at a position near a plurality of selected points among the measurement points of one cross section. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 3, one location is provided for displaying the subsidence of the crown and two locations are arranged on one side of the side wall for displaying the internal displacement, for a total of five locations. It is desirable to arrange at least one place at the top end, one place on one side of the side wall, and at least three places.

As shown in FIG. 4, the display device 4 includes LED light emitting units 4A in which light emitting diodes 41 are arranged in a matrix in the vertical and horizontal directions, and a threshold value is set in advance for the displacement speed and measured. When the displacement speed is larger than the threshold value, an upward arrow or a downward arrow is displayed on the LED light emitting unit 4A by emitting light of a predetermined light emitting diode group, and the measured displacement speed is smaller than the threshold value. A horizontal arrow is displayed on the LED light emitting unit 4A by emitting light from a predetermined light emitting diode group. Further, the displacement amount is ranked according to the control reference value, the display color is determined for each control reference rank, and the upward arrow, the downward arrow, and the horizontal arrow are made to emit light in the display color. The threshold value can be set arbitrarily, but in a normal case, a numerical value that can be determined that the displacement speed is stable is set. The state in which the displacement rate can be said to be stable varies depending on the ground grade, but is generally about 1 mm or less / day or 1 to 3 mm / month, so it is desirable to set the threshold value based on such a numerical value. The upward arrow may be an upward arrow in the straight-up direction or an upward arrow in the diagonal direction. Similarly, the downward arrow may be an upward arrow in the direct downward direction or a downward arrow in the diagonal direction.

Hereinafter, the display device 4 will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

The display device 4 includes an LED light emitting unit 4A in which light emitting diodes 41, 41 ... Are arranged in a matrix in the vertical and horizontal directions on the surface side of the case 40. In the illustrated example, the light emitting diodes 41 are provided in a 10 × 10 matrix arrangement. The number of arrangements of the light emitting diodes 41 is arbitrary, but it is desirable that the number of arrangements is such that at least the arrow mark clearly visible as an arrow can be displayed upward, downward, and sideways. An LED display control board, a wireless control board, and the like are provided inside the case 40. A dry battery is sufficient as the power source, and AA battery accommodating portions 42 and 42 are arranged on both sides of the case 40, and a wireless antenna 43 is provided on the outer surface. A collimation mark such as a target sticker may be attached to the surface side of the case 40 for total station measurement, and the display device 4 may be installed at the measurement location.

It is desirable that the information displayed on the display device 4 simultaneously displays the amount of displacement from the initial value in addition to the displacement speed. It is desirable that the displacement amount is ranked according to the control reference value, the display color is determined for each control reference rank, and the upward arrow, the downward arrow, and the horizontal arrow are made to emit light in the display color. For example, the displacement amount is less than 20 mm (control standard I [normal system] -blue), the displacement amount is 20 mm or more and less than 40 mm (management standard II [caution system] -green), and the displacement amount is 40 mm or more and less than 60 mm (management standard III [ Caution required system] -yellow), displacement amount is 60 mm or more (control standard IV [strict caution system] -red).

The displacement display by the display device 4 will be described in detail. Regarding the internal air displacement, when the daily displacement amount (displacement speed (m / day)) is larger than the threshold value and the displacement amount is less than 20 mm, the figure is shown in the figure. As shown in 5 (A), the emission color is set to "blue" and an upward arrow is displayed. When the daily displacement amount (displacement speed (m / day)) is larger than the threshold value and the displacement amount is 20 mm or more and less than 40 mm, the emission color is set to "green" and upward as shown in FIG. 5 (B). Display an arrow. When the daily displacement amount (displacement speed (m / day)) is larger than the threshold value and the displacement amount is 40 mm or more and less than 60 mm, the emission color is set to "yellow" and upward as shown in FIG. 5 (C). Display an arrow. When the daily displacement amount (displacement speed (m / day)) is larger than the threshold value and the displacement amount is 60 mm or more, the emission color is set to "red" and the upward arrow is indicated as shown in FIG. 5 (D). indicate. Then, when the daily displacement amount becomes smaller than the threshold value, it is determined that the displacement speed is stable, and the upward arrow is changed to a horizontal arrow as shown in FIG. 5 (E). The emission color of the horizontal arrow is a display color determined for each of the control criteria I to IV according to the magnitude of the displacement amount.

On the other hand, it is desirable to indicate the subsidence of the crown with a downward arrow so that the idea matches the subsidence direction. Specifically, when the amount of daily settlement (displacement speed (m / day)) is larger than the threshold value and the amount of displacement is less than 20 mm, the emission color is set to "blue" as shown in FIG. 6 (A). And display a down arrow. When the amount of subsidence (displacement speed (m / day)) is larger than the threshold value and the amount of displacement is 20 mm or more and less than 40 mm, the emission color is set to "green" and downward as shown in FIG. 6 (B). Display an arrow. When the amount of subsidence (displacement velocity (m / day)) is larger than the threshold value and the amount of displacement is 40 mm or more and less than 60 mm, the emission color is set to "yellow" and downward as shown in FIG. 6 (C). Display an arrow. When the amount of subsidence (displacement speed (m / day)) is larger than the threshold value and the amount of displacement is 60 mm or more, the emission color is set to "red" and the downward arrow is indicated as shown in FIG. 6 (D). indicate. Then, when the amount of subsidence becomes smaller than the threshold value, it is determined that the displacement speed is stable, and the downward arrow is changed to a horizontal arrow as shown in FIG. 6 (E). The emission color of the horizontal arrow is a display color determined for each of the control criteria I to IV according to the magnitude of the displacement amount.

Further, a display example of the display device 4 based on an actual internal displacement measurement result example will be described. The displacement velocity threshold is 1 mm or less / day.

As shown in FIG. 8, since the measurement result at the initial stage of measurement (1st day) is displacement amount: less than 20 mm and displacement speed: 13 mm / day, the emission color is set to "blue" and an upward arrow is displayed ( (Display of FIG. 5A). Further, measurement was performed over time, and as shown in FIG. 9, since the measurement result on the 9th day was a displacement amount of 29 mm and a displacement speed of 1 mm or less / day, the emission color was set to "green" and the image was oriented sideways. An arrow is displayed (Fig. 5 (E)). After that, as shown in FIG. 10, in the measurement result on the 12th day, both the displacement amount and the displacement speed changed, and the displacement amount was 38 mm and the displacement speed was 4 mm / day. Therefore, the emission color was "green". As it is, the upward arrow is displayed (Fig. 5 (B)).

Supervisors and workers in the tunnel can see at a glance the deformation state (displacement speed and displacement amount) of the ground by the direction of the arrow displayed by the LED on the display device 4 installed on the tunnel wall surface and the emission color. You will be able to grasp in real time.

[Examples of other forms]
(1) The example in which the display device 4 according to the present invention is applied to the display of the displacement measurement result of the mountain tunnel has been described in detail above, but the present display device 4 is used for displaying the deformation of the structure in various construction works. It is possible to apply. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, it can be installed on the wall surface portion in the earth retaining wall excavation work so that the supervisor or the worker can grasp the displacement state of the earth retaining wall in real time at a glance. As shown in FIG. 12, this display device 4 can be installed on the retaining wall in the land preparation by the embankment ground so that the investigators and the like can grasp the displacement situation in real time at a glance. it can. Furthermore, as a measure against landslides, the display device 4 can be placed in an appropriate position to check whether the surface of the ground is displaced, and the investigator or the like can grasp the displacement status at a glance in real time. You can also do it.

(2) Regarding the displacement speed display on the display device 4, when the displacement speed is larger than the threshold value, an upward arrow or a downward arrow is displayed, but the threshold value is set stepwise according to the magnitude of the displacement speed. The inclination angle (gradient) of the upward arrow or the downward arrow may be changed. Specifically, in the case of the crown, the threshold value is set in two stages of a first threshold value and a second threshold value. The relationship between the two is that the first threshold value> the second threshold value, and the second threshold value sets the displacement speed at which the displacement speed can be said to be stable. If the displacement speed at the top is greater than the first threshold value, an arrow is directed downward, and when the displacement speed gradually decreases and becomes smaller than the first threshold value, an arrow is diagonally downward, and then from the second threshold value. Display a horizontal arrow when it becomes smaller.

1 ... management computer, 2 ... controller, 3 ... communication cable, 4 ... displacement information display device, 4A ... LED light emitting unit, 5 ... total station, 6 ... wireless transmitter, 7 wheel jumbo ..., 8 ... sprayer , 40 ... case, 41 ... light emitting diode, 42 ... battery compartment, 43 ... antenna

Claims (3)

It is a display device that simultaneously displays displacement information consisting of displacement amount and displacement speed from the initial value of the structure in the ground or construction work.
The display device includes an LED light emitting unit in which light emitting diodes are arranged in a matrix in the vertical and horizontal directions.
The amount of displacement is ranked according to the control standard value, the display color is determined for each control standard rank, and the LED light emitting unit emits an upward arrow or a downward arrow, and a horizontal arrow with the display color for each control standard rank. Enable and
A threshold value is set for the displacement speed in advance, and when the measured displacement speed is larger than the threshold value , an upward arrow or a downward arrow is displayed on the LED light emitting unit in the display color for each management reference rank .
If the displacement speed that is measured becomes smaller than said threshold value, characterized in that the magnitude of the displacement amount in the LED light emission unit so as to display the horizontal arrows in the display color determined for each said control standards rank Displacement information display device. The displacement display display device according to claim 1, wherein the threshold value is set to a numerical value capable of determining that the displacement speed is stable. The displacement information display device according to any one of claims 1 and 2 , wherein the display device has a wireless communication function.

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