JP6790929B2 - Dry crusher - Google Patents

Dry crusher Download PDF

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JP6790929B2
JP6790929B2 JP2017045870A JP2017045870A JP6790929B2 JP 6790929 B2 JP6790929 B2 JP 6790929B2 JP 2017045870 A JP2017045870 A JP 2017045870A JP 2017045870 A JP2017045870 A JP 2017045870A JP 6790929 B2 JP6790929 B2 JP 6790929B2
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powder
auxiliary gas
receiving portion
outer peripheral
peripheral surface
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JP2017177097A (en
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大介 山道
大介 山道
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Hitachi Metals Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B02C19/06—Jet mills
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/18—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/18—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy
    • B02C23/20—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy after crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/22—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy after crushing or disintegrating with recirculation of material to crushing or disintegrating zone

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)

Description

本発明は、ノズルから吹き出す圧縮ガスによって加速管の内部で紛体を加速し、加速管に連通した粉砕室に設けた衝突板に粉体を衝突粉砕させて微粉を得る乾式粉砕装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a dry crushing apparatus that accelerates powder inside an accelerating tube by a compressed gas blown from a nozzle and collides and pulverizes the powder with a collision plate provided in a crushing chamber communicating with the accelerating tube to obtain fine powder.

衝突板に粉体を衝突粉砕させて微粉を得る乾式粉砕装置としては、例えば、特開平10-174896号（特許文献１）に記載されたような、圧縮ガスを噴出するノズルと、ノズルから噴出したガスとともに紛体を加速する加速管と、噴出したガス中に混入させた粉体を高速で衝突させて粉砕する衝突板とを、噴出ガスの流れが上向きになるように配置し、さらに前記衝突板の上に、粉砕した微粉を分級する分級ローターを有する乾式粉砕装置が挙げられる。この乾式粉砕装置において、前記分級ローターで分級されなかった所定のサイズより大きな粉体は、ロート状の粉体受け部に落下し、前記ノズルから噴出する圧縮ガスと、前記ノズルの外周面にわたって設けられた補助ガス流路から流される補助ガスとによって前記加速管に導入され再度粉砕される。前記補助ガス流路への補助ガスの供給は、前記粉体受け部の外周面側を囲うように形成された補助ガス室から行われ、前記補助ガス室への補助ガスの供給は前記補助ガス室の側面に設けられた補助ガス供給口から行われる。 Examples of the dry pulverizer for obtaining fine powder by impact pulverizing powder on a collision plate include a nozzle for ejecting compressed gas and ejection from the nozzle as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-174896 (Patent Document 1). An accelerating tube that accelerates the powder together with the ejected gas and a collision plate that collides the powder mixed in the ejected gas at high speed to crush it are arranged so that the flow of the ejected gas faces upward, and further, the collision An example is a dry crushing device having a classification rotor for classifying crushed fine powder on a plate. In this dry pulverizer, powder larger than a predetermined size not classified by the classification rotor falls on a funnel-shaped powder receiving portion and is provided over the compressed gas ejected from the nozzle and the outer peripheral surface of the nozzle. It is introduced into the acceleration pipe by the auxiliary gas flowing from the auxiliary gas flow path and pulverized again. The auxiliary gas is supplied to the auxiliary gas flow path from the auxiliary gas chamber formed so as to surround the outer peripheral surface side of the powder receiving portion, and the auxiliary gas is supplied to the auxiliary gas chamber. It is done from the auxiliary gas supply port provided on the side of the room.

しかしながら、特許文献１に記載されたような乾式粉砕装置は、稼働状態と停止状態とを頻繁に繰り返すような運転を行った場合、前記補助ガス室内の前記粉体受け部の外周面が摩耗し、やがては穴が空いてしまうといったトラブルが発生することがわかった。このため、定期的に装置の粉体受け部の交換又は粉体受け部の外周面の補修を行うことが必要となり、生産効率の低下を招いていた。 However, in the dry crushing apparatus as described in Patent Document 1, when the operation is such that the operating state and the stopped state are frequently repeated, the outer peripheral surface of the powder receiving portion in the auxiliary gas chamber is worn. Eventually, it turned out that troubles such as holes were created. For this reason, it is necessary to periodically replace the powder receiving portion of the apparatus or repair the outer peripheral surface of the powder receiving portion, which causes a decrease in production efficiency.

特開平10-174896号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-174896

従って、本発明の目的は、このような従来技術の欠点を解消し、紛体を圧縮ガスによって搬送し、衝突部材に衝突させて粉砕するようにした乾式粉砕装置において、装置の稼働及び停止を繰り返した場合であっても粉体受け部の外周面に穴が開くことを抑え、メンテナンスにかかる時間を短くすることで生産効率の向上が可能な乾式粉砕装置を提供することにある。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to eliminate such drawbacks of the prior art, and to repeatedly operate and stop the device in a dry crushing device in which the powder is conveyed by a compressed gas and collided with a colliding member to be crushed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a dry pulverizer capable of improving production efficiency by suppressing the formation of holes on the outer peripheral surface of the powder receiving portion and shortening the time required for maintenance even in such a case.

上記目的に鑑み鋭意研究の結果、本発明者らは、前述の粉体受け部の外周面が摩耗する現象は、ノズル及び補助ガス流路からの圧縮ガスの噴射が停止した際に粉体受け部から補助ガス流路を通って補助ガス室に侵入し堆積した粉体が、乾式粉砕装置を再稼働させたときに、補助ガス供給口から供給される補助ガスによって巻き上げられ、補助ガス供給口に対向する粉体受け部の外周面に衝突することが原因であること、さらに粉体受け部の外周面に衝突した粉体は、補助ガスとともに粉体受け部の外周面を回り込み補助ガス供給口の反対側の外周面にも衝突し、その部分に摩耗が発生することを明らかにし、補助ガス供給口から供給される補助ガスが粉体受け部の外周面に直接当たらないように円筒状のカバーを設けることにより、粉体受け部の外周面の摩耗が防止できることを見出し、本発明に想到した。 As a result of diligent research in view of the above purpose, the present inventors have found that the phenomenon that the outer peripheral surface of the powder receiving portion is worn is that the powder receiving is stopped when the injection of the compressed gas from the nozzle and the auxiliary gas flow path is stopped. When the dry crusher is restarted, the powder that has entered the auxiliary gas chamber through the auxiliary gas flow path and accumulated is wound up by the auxiliary gas supplied from the auxiliary gas supply port, and is wound up by the auxiliary gas supply port. The cause is that it collides with the outer peripheral surface of the powder receiving portion facing the powder, and the powder that collides with the outer peripheral surface of the powder receiving portion goes around the outer peripheral surface of the powder receiving portion together with the auxiliary gas and supplies the auxiliary gas. It is clarified that it also collides with the outer peripheral surface on the opposite side of the mouth and wear occurs in that part, and it is cylindrical so that the auxiliary gas supplied from the auxiliary gas supply port does not directly hit the outer peripheral surface of the powder receiving part. We have found that the outer peripheral surface of the powder receiving portion can be prevented from being worn by providing the cover of the above, and have arrived at the present invention.

すなわち、本発明の乾式粉砕装置は、圧縮ガスを上向きに噴射するノズルと、
前記ノズルから噴射された前記圧縮ガスとともに粉体を加速する加速管と、
前記加速管に連通する粉砕室と、
前記粉砕室内に設けられ、前記加速された粉体を衝突させて粉砕する衝突板と、
前記衝突板にて粉砕された粉体を分級し、所定のサイズ以下の粉体を排出する分級手段と、
前記加速管の下端部を取り囲むように設けられ、所定のサイズより大きな粉体をその内面で受けて、前記ノズルの周囲に堆積させるためのロート状の粉体受け部と、
前記ノズルの外周に設けられ、前記粉体受け部に堆積した粉体を前記加速管の内部に導入するために、前記ノズルの外周面に沿って補助ガスを流すための補助ガス流路と、
前記粉体受け部の外周面を囲い、前記補助ガス流路に連通するとともに、補助ガス供給口を備えた補助ガス室とを備える乾式粉砕装置であって、
前記補助ガス供給口は前記粉体受け部の外周面に対向するように配置されており、
前記補助ガス室内に、前記粉体受け部の外周面を囲うように円筒状カバーが設けられており、もって前記補助ガス供給口から供給された前記補助ガスが前記粉体受け部の外周面に直接当たらないようにすることを特徴とする。 That is, the dry crusher of the present invention has a nozzle that injects compressed gas upward and
An acceleration tube that accelerates the powder together with the compressed gas injected from the nozzle,
A crushing chamber that communicates with the acceleration tube and
A collision plate provided in the crushing chamber to collide and crush the accelerated powder,
A classification means for classifying powder crushed by the collision plate and discharging powder having a predetermined size or less.
A funnel-shaped powder receiving portion provided so as to surround the lower end portion of the acceleration tube and for receiving powder larger than a predetermined size on its inner surface and depositing it around the nozzle.
An auxiliary gas flow path provided on the outer periphery of the nozzle and for flowing an auxiliary gas along the outer peripheral surface of the nozzle in order to introduce the powder deposited on the powder receiving portion into the inside of the acceleration pipe.
A dry pulverizer that surrounds the outer peripheral surface of the powder receiving portion, communicates with the auxiliary gas flow path, and has an auxiliary gas chamber provided with an auxiliary gas supply port.
The auxiliary gas supply port is arranged so as to face the outer peripheral surface of the powder receiving portion.
A cylindrical cover is provided in the auxiliary gas chamber so as to surround the outer peripheral surface of the powder receiving portion, and the auxiliary gas supplied from the auxiliary gas supply port is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the powder receiving portion. It is characterized by avoiding direct hits.

前記円筒状カバーは、軸方向に上方から下方に向かって縮径する円錐台形であるのが好ましい。 The cylindrical cover preferably has a conical trapezoidal shape in which the diameter is reduced from the upper side to the lower side in the axial direction.

前記粉体受け部は、その下端部にフランジ部を有し、
前記円筒状カバーは、前記フランジ部の直径よりも大きい最小内径を有することにより、前記補助ガス室から取り外しできるように設けられているのが好ましい。 The powder receiving portion has a flange portion at its lower end and has a flange portion.
It is preferable that the cylindrical cover is provided so as to be removable from the auxiliary gas chamber by having a minimum inner diameter larger than the diameter of the flange portion.

本発明の乾式粉砕装置は、優れた耐久性を有しているので、希土類磁石等の磁石材料の粉砕に好適である。 Since the dry crushing device of the present invention has excellent durability, it is suitable for crushing magnet materials such as rare earth magnets.

本発明の乾式粉砕装置の一例を示す模式断面図である。It is a schematic cross-sectional view which shows an example of the dry type crushing apparatus of this invention. 本発明の乾式粉砕装置の本体下部を拡大して示す模式断面図である。It is a schematic cross-sectional view which shows the lower part of the main body of the dry pulverization apparatus of this invention in an enlarged manner. 回転軸X方向から見たローターを示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the rotor seen from the rotation axis X direction. 従来の乾式粉砕装置の本体下部を拡大して示す模式断面図である。It is a schematic cross-sectional view which shows the lower part of the main body of the conventional dry crushing apparatus enlarged. 本発明の乾式粉砕装置の円筒状カバーを模式的に示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows typically the cylindrical cover of the dry type crushing apparatus of this invention. 本発明の乾式粉砕装置の円筒状カバーを模式的に示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows typically the cylindrical cover of the dry type crushing apparatus of this invention.

本発明の乾式粉砕装置は、ノズルから吹き出す圧縮ガスによって加速管の内部で粉体を加速し、加速管に連通した粉砕室に設けた衝突板に粉体を衝突粉砕させて微粉を得るものであり、希土類磁石等の磁石材料を狭い粒度分布で粉砕することができる。本発明の乾式粉砕装置によれば、およそ0.01〜1 mmの粒径を有する粉体材料を投入し、数ミクロンから十数ミクロン程度の微粉を製造することが可能である。 In the dry crushing apparatus of the present invention, the powder is accelerated inside the accelerating tube by the compressed gas blown from the nozzle, and the powder is crushed by collision with a collision plate provided in the crushing chamber connected to the accelerating tube to obtain fine powder. Yes, magnet materials such as rare earth magnets can be pulverized with a narrow particle size distribution. According to the dry pulverizer of the present invention, it is possible to put in a powder material having a particle size of about 0.01 to 1 mm and produce fine powder of about several microns to about ten and several microns.

(1)全体構成
本発明の乾式粉砕装置100は、図1(a)及び図1(b)に示すように、圧縮ガス2を上向きに噴射するノズル1と、前記ノズル1から噴射された前記圧縮ガス2とともに粉体4を加速する加速管3と、前記加速管3に連通する粉砕室5と、前記粉砕室5内に設けられ、前記加速された粉体4を衝突させて粉砕する衝突板6と、前記衝突板6にて粉砕された粉体を分級し、所定のサイズ以下の粉体を排出する分級手段7と、所定のサイズより大きな粉体を再度粉砕するために、加速管3の下端部を取り囲むように設けられ、前記大きな粉体をその内面で受け前記ノズル1の周囲に堆積させるためのロート状の粉体受け部8と、ノズル1の外周に設けられ、前記粉体受け部8に堆積した粉体を加速管3の内部に導入するために前記ノズル1の外周面1aに沿って補助ガス9を流すための補助ガス流路10と、前記粉体受け部8の外周面を囲い、前記補助ガス流路10に連通するとともに、補助ガス9を供給する補助ガス供給口12を備えた補助ガス室11とを備えており、前記補助ガス供給口12は前記粉体受け部8の外周面に対向するように配置されており、前記補助ガス供給口12から供給された前記補助ガス9が前記粉体受け部8の外周面に直接当たらないようにするために、補助ガス室11内に前記粉体受け部8の外周面を囲うように設けられた円筒状カバー13を有する。 (1) Overall Configuration As shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b), the dry crusher 100 of the present invention includes a nozzle 1 for injecting compressed gas 2 upward and the nozzle 1 injecting from the nozzle 1. An accelerating tube 3 that accelerates the powder 4 together with the compressed gas 2, a crushing chamber 5 communicating with the accelerating tube 3, and a collision provided in the crushing chamber 5 to collide and crush the accelerated powder 4. A plate 6 and a classification means 7 for classifying the powder crushed by the collision plate 6 and discharging a powder having a predetermined size or less, and an accelerating tube for crushing a powder larger than a predetermined size again. A funnel-shaped powder receiving portion 8 is provided so as to surround the lower end portion of 3 for receiving the large powder on its inner surface and depositing it around the nozzle 1, and a funnel-shaped powder receiving portion 8 provided on the outer periphery of the nozzle 1 to receive the powder. An auxiliary gas flow path 10 for flowing an auxiliary gas 9 along the outer peripheral surface 1a of the nozzle 1 in order to introduce the powder deposited on the body receiving portion 8 into the accelerating tube 3, and the powder receiving portion 8 The auxiliary gas supply port 12 is provided with an auxiliary gas chamber 11 provided with an auxiliary gas supply port 12 for supplying the auxiliary gas 9 while surrounding the outer peripheral surface of the auxiliary gas flow path 10. It is arranged so as to face the outer peripheral surface of the body receiving portion 8 so that the auxiliary gas 9 supplied from the auxiliary gas supply port 12 does not directly hit the outer peripheral surface of the powder receiving portion 8. The auxiliary gas chamber 11 has a cylindrical cover 13 provided so as to surround the outer peripheral surface of the powder receiving portion 8.

本発明の乾式粉砕装置100は、圧縮ガス2とともに加速した粉体4を衝突板6に衝突させ粉体4を粉砕するものであり、粉砕室5の上方に設けられた分級手段7によって分級することにより、粒度分布の狭い微粉を得ることができる。ノズル1は、コンプレッサー等によって0.5〜20 Nm3 /min程度の圧縮ガス2（例えば、圧縮空気や圧縮した不活性ガス等）を上向き、すなわち鉛直方向の逆方向に吹き出すように配置されており、ノズル1から噴射された圧縮ガス2は、乾式粉砕装置100の本体14に設けられた粉体投入口15から投入され粉体受け部8に落下した粉体4を上方に巻き上げて、ノズル1の上方に設けられた加速管3へ導入する。加速管3へ導入された粉体4は、加速管3内で加速され、加速管3の上方に連通する粉砕室5の中に設けられた衝突板6に圧縮ガス2とともに衝突し粉砕される。 The dry crushing apparatus 100 of the present invention crushes the powder 4 by colliding the powder 4 accelerated together with the compressed gas 2 with the collision plate 6, and classifies the powder 4 by the classification means 7 provided above the crushing chamber 5. As a result, fine powder having a narrow particle size distribution can be obtained. The nozzle 1 is arranged so as to blow out compressed gas 2 (for example, compressed air or compressed inert gas) of about 0.5 to 20 Nm 3 / min by a compressor or the like upward, that is, in the opposite direction in the vertical direction. The compressed gas 2 injected from the nozzle 1 is charged from the powder charging port 15 provided in the main body 14 of the dry crushing device 100, and the powder 4 that has fallen into the powder receiving portion 8 is wound upward to wind up the powder 4 of the nozzle 1. It is introduced into the acceleration tube 3 provided above. The powder 4 introduced into the accelerating pipe 3 is accelerated in the accelerating pipe 3 and collides with the collision plate 6 provided in the crushing chamber 5 communicating above the accelerating pipe 3 together with the compressed gas 2 to be crushed. ..

(2)本体
本発明の一実施態様において、乾式粉砕装置100の本体14は、ほぼ円筒形状の本体上部14aと、ほぼ円錐形状の本体下部14bとからなる。本体上部14aの上部に粉砕した粉体を分級するための分級手段7が設けられており、中間部に粉体の原料を投入するための粉体投入口15が設けられている。本体下部14bの下部にロート状の粉体受け部8が加速管3を取り囲むように形成されており、投入した粉体原料及び分級手段7によって分級されなかったサイズの大きい粒子が、本体下部14bの円錐面に沿って加速管3の下端部近傍で、ノズル1の側部に落下してロート状の粉体受け部8に一旦堆積する。本体14の内部には衝突板6を含む粉砕室5が、加速管4に連通して配置されている。 (2) Main body In one embodiment of the present invention, the main body 14 of the dry crushing device 100 includes a substantially cylindrical main body upper part 14a and a substantially conical main body lower part 14b. A classification means 7 for classifying the crushed powder is provided in the upper part of the upper part 14a of the main body, and a powder input port 15 for charging the raw material of the powder is provided in the intermediate portion. A funnel-shaped powder receiving portion 8 is formed in the lower part of the lower part 14b of the main body so as to surround the accelerating tube 3, and large particles that are not classified by the charged powder raw material and the classification means 7 are formed in the lower part 14b of the main body. In the vicinity of the lower end of the accelerating tube 3 along the conical surface of the above, it falls to the side of the nozzle 1 and temporarily deposits on the funnel-shaped powder receiving portion 8. Inside the main body 14, a crushing chamber 5 including a collision plate 6 is arranged so as to communicate with the acceleration pipe 4.

粉体受け部8に堆積した粉砕過程の粉体は、ノズル1から噴射される圧縮ガス2によって発生する装置内の循環気流（矢印B〜矢印E）によって下方部分から取り崩される。そのため、粉体が粉体受け部8の下部に滞留し、循環気流が閉塞される等の不都合が生じ難く、粉体の循環状態を良好に維持することができる。さらにノズル１の外周面を下側ほど大径化するほぼ円錐形状とすることにより、ロート状の粉体受け部8を下降してきた循環気流（矢印C）の方向を再度ノズル1の先端部に向ける際の角度変化を小さくして、循環気流が再びノズル1側に向くのを容易にすることができる。 The powder in the pulverization process deposited on the powder receiving portion 8 is withdrawn from the lower portion by the circulating air flow (arrows B to E) in the apparatus generated by the compressed gas 2 injected from the nozzle 1. Therefore, the powder stays in the lower part of the powder receiving portion 8 and inconveniences such as blockage of the circulating airflow are unlikely to occur, and the circulating state of the powder can be maintained well. Further, by forming the outer peripheral surface of the nozzle 1 into a substantially conical shape in which the diameter increases toward the lower side, the direction of the circulating airflow (arrow C) descending the funnel-shaped powder receiving portion 8 is again directed to the tip of the nozzle 1. It is possible to reduce the change in the angle at the time of pointing, and to facilitate the circulating airflow toward the nozzle 1 side again.

本体14内部に圧力センサー（図示せず）を設けても良い。圧力センサーを設けることにより、稼働中の本体内部の粉体総量をリアルタイムに見積もることができ、装置本体内部への粉体の投入量を自動的に調節することが可能となる。 A pressure sensor (not shown) may be provided inside the main body 14. By providing the pressure sensor, the total amount of powder inside the main body during operation can be estimated in real time, and the amount of powder charged into the main body of the device can be automatically adjusted.

(3)粉砕室
前記衝突板6は、粉砕室5の側壁に設けた複数の支持部材18により、ノズル1から噴射された圧縮ガス2の噴射軸上に位置する状態で支持されている。下方から衝突板6の下面6aに衝突した粉体材料はこの衝突によって一回目の粉砕が行われる。前記衝突板6は、粉体4を高速で衝突させて粉砕することができるように、少なくともその表面は、超硬又はセラミックス等の高強度の材料19からなるのが好ましい。例えば、円柱状のステンレス棒の表面を超硬で覆ってなるものが好ましい。下面6aに衝突した粉末は下面6aで反発し、圧縮ガス2の流れを受けて噴射軸芯に対して径方向外方に飛散し、さらに粉砕室5の内壁5aに衝突して二回目の粉砕が行われる。これらの衝突により、粉体材料は数十ミクロン程度の粒径まで粉砕される。粉砕室5の内壁5aには、粉体の衝突による摩耗を防止するために耐摩耗性の材料からなるライナ20が設けられているのが好ましい。 (3) Crushing chamber The collision plate 6 is supported by a plurality of supporting members 18 provided on the side wall of the crushing chamber 5 in a state of being located on the injection shaft of the compressed gas 2 injected from the nozzle 1. The powder material that collides with the lower surface 6a of the collision plate 6 from below is crushed for the first time by this collision. The surface of the collision plate 6 is preferably made of a high-strength material 19 such as cemented carbide or ceramics so that the powder 4 can be crushed by colliding with the powder 4 at high speed. For example, it is preferable that the surface of a cylindrical stainless steel rod is covered with cemented carbide. The powder that collides with the lower surface 6a repels at the lower surface 6a, receives the flow of the compressed gas 2 and scatters radially outward with respect to the injection shaft core, and further collides with the inner wall 5a of the crushing chamber 5 for the second crushing. Is done. Due to these collisions, the powder material is pulverized to a particle size of about several tens of microns. It is preferable that the inner wall 5a of the crushing chamber 5 is provided with a liner 20 made of a wear-resistant material in order to prevent wear due to collision of powder.

(4)分級手段
衝突板6の上方に設けられた分級手段7としては、例えば、図2に示すような、回転軸Xの周りに回転が可能である分級ローター16を有するローター式分級機が好ましく使用できる。分級ローター16は、径方向に延出する平板状のブレード21を複数有している。この場合、分級ローター16の回転方向は左右何れでもよい。分級ローター16は約20000 rpmまでの回転が可能である。図2では平板状のブレード21が径方向に配置された分級ローター16を示したが、ブレードは平板状のものに限定されず曲面状のものであってもよいし、ブレード21は径方向に対して傾斜して設けられていても良い。 (4) Classification means As the classification means 7 provided above the collision plate 6, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, a rotor type classifier having a classification rotor 16 capable of rotating around a rotation axis X is used. It can be preferably used. The classification rotor 16 has a plurality of flat plate-shaped blades 21 extending in the radial direction. In this case, the rotation direction of the classification rotor 16 may be left or right. The classification rotor 16 can rotate up to about 20000 rpm. In FIG. 2, the classification rotor 16 in which the flat plate-shaped blade 21 is arranged in the radial direction is shown, but the blade is not limited to the flat plate-shaped one and may be a curved one, and the blade 21 is radially arranged. On the other hand, it may be provided at an angle.

ローター式分級機は、粉砕された粉体が高速で回転する分級ローター16を通過しようとする際に、所定のサイズよりも細かい粒子は分級ローター16を通過し、矢印Aに沿って、微粉排出口17から乾式粉砕装置100の本体14の外部へ排出される。一方所定のサイズよりも大きな粒子は分級ローター16を通過できず、矢印Bから矢印Cに沿って、本体下部14bの円錐面からロート状の粉体受け部8に落下して、再度粉砕される。分級ローター16の型式は、図1(a)に示すように、水平軸芯の周りに回転する水平型であってもよいし、垂直軸芯の周りに回転する垂直型であってもよい。分級ローター16で分級された微粉は、必要に応じて公知のサイクロン分級機等により分級され取り出される。 In the rotor type classifier, when the crushed powder tries to pass through the classifying rotor 16 which rotates at high speed, particles finer than a predetermined size pass through the classifying rotor 16 and the fine powder is discharged along the arrow A. It is discharged from the outlet 17 to the outside of the main body 14 of the dry crusher 100. On the other hand, particles larger than a predetermined size cannot pass through the classification rotor 16 and fall from the conical surface of the lower part 14b of the main body to the funnel-shaped powder receiving portion 8 along the arrows B to C and are crushed again. .. As shown in FIG. 1A, the model of the classification rotor 16 may be a horizontal type that rotates around the horizontal axis, or a vertical type that rotates around the vertical axis. The fine powder classified by the classification rotor 16 is classified and taken out by a known cyclone classifier or the like, if necessary.

(5)補助ガス
投入した粉体原料及び分級手段7によって分級されなかったサイズの大きい粒子は、本体下部14bに設けられた粉体受け部8に一旦堆積する。粉体受け部8は、加速管3の下端部近傍であってノズル1の外周部に前記粉体が堆積されるように設けられている。粉体受け部8の下端部には、粉体受け部8に堆積された粉体を加速管3の内部に導入するための補助ガス9をノズル1の外周面1aに沿って流すための環状の補助ガス流路10が前記ノズル1の外周に設けられている。粉体受け部8は、その下端部にフランジ部8cを有し、補助ガス流路10は、前記フランジ部8cと補助ガス室11の底面部11bとの環状の間隙として形成されるのが好ましい。このとき前記フランジ部8cは補助ガス流路10の天井部10aを形成する。補助ガス9の流量はおよそ0.3〜20 Nm3/min程度であるのが好ましく、ノズル1から噴出される圧縮ガスの流量を考慮し適宜設定されるのがより好ましい。 (5) Auxiliary gas The charged powder raw material and large particles not classified by the classification means 7 are temporarily deposited on the powder receiving portion 8 provided in the lower portion 14b of the main body. The powder receiving portion 8 is provided near the lower end portion of the acceleration tube 3 so that the powder is deposited on the outer peripheral portion of the nozzle 1. At the lower end of the powder receiving portion 8, an annular shape for flowing an auxiliary gas 9 for introducing the powder deposited on the powder receiving portion 8 into the inside of the accelerating pipe 3 along the outer peripheral surface 1a of the nozzle 1. Auxiliary gas flow path 10 is provided on the outer periphery of the nozzle 1. The powder receiving portion 8 has a flange portion 8c at its lower end, and the auxiliary gas flow path 10 is preferably formed as an annular gap between the flange portion 8c and the bottom surface portion 11b of the auxiliary gas chamber 11. .. At this time, the flange portion 8c forms the ceiling portion 10a of the auxiliary gas flow path 10. The flow rate of the auxiliary gas 9 is preferably about 0.3 to 20 Nm 3 / min, and more preferably set appropriately in consideration of the flow rate of the compressed gas ejected from the nozzle 1.

補助ガス室11の内部の圧力をモニターするために、補助ガス室11に圧力検出器（図示せず）を設けてもよい。補助ガス室11の内部の圧力をモニターすることにより、乾式粉砕装置100の内部を循環する粉体の循環状態を監視することができる。例えば、粉体受け部8の下方部分に粉体が堆積し、補助ガス流路10が閉塞状態又は閉塞状態に近い状態となっている場合には、粉体の循環に障害が生じ、補助ガス9が補助ガス流路10から流れ難くなって補助ガス室11内の圧力が高まる。このような場合には乾式粉砕装置100内の循環粉体量が減少するまで粉体投入口15からの粉体材料の投入を減少又は停止する。循環している粉体の総量が少なくなり、補助ガス流路10の近傍に堆積する粉体量が減少すると、補助ガス流路10からの補助ガス9の流れが容易となって補助ガス室11内の圧力は低下するので、粉体投入口15からの粉体材料の投入を増量又は再開する。 A pressure detector (not shown) may be provided in the auxiliary gas chamber 11 in order to monitor the pressure inside the auxiliary gas chamber 11. By monitoring the pressure inside the auxiliary gas chamber 11, it is possible to monitor the circulation state of the powder circulating inside the dry crusher 100. For example, when powder is deposited in the lower portion of the powder receiving portion 8 and the auxiliary gas flow path 10 is in a closed state or a state close to a closed state, the circulation of the powder is impaired and the auxiliary gas 9 becomes difficult to flow from the auxiliary gas flow path 10, and the pressure in the auxiliary gas chamber 11 increases. In such a case, the input of the powder material from the powder input port 15 is reduced or stopped until the amount of the circulating powder in the dry crusher 100 is reduced. When the total amount of circulating powder decreases and the amount of powder deposited in the vicinity of the auxiliary gas flow path 10 decreases, the flow of the auxiliary gas 9 from the auxiliary gas flow path 10 becomes easier and the auxiliary gas chamber 11 Since the pressure inside the gas decreases, the amount of the powder material input from the powder input port 15 is increased or restarted.

(6)円筒状カバー
補助ガス9は、補助ガス室11に設けられた補助ガス供給口12から供給され、補助ガス流路10から流される。装置の稼働時には、粉体受け部8の下端部に堆積した粉体は補助ガス9によって連続的に加速管3に送られる。ここで、装置を停止させ、補助ガス流路10から流される補助ガス9が停止した場合、粉体受け部8の下端部に堆積した粉体の一部が、図3に示すように、補助ガス流路10及び補助ガス室11に侵入する。このような状態で装置を再稼働した場合、補助ガス室11に円筒状カバー13が設けられていない従来の乾式粉砕装置（図3を参照）では、補助ガス供給口12から供給された補助ガス9が、補助ガス流路10及び補助ガス室11に侵入した粉体を巻き上げて、その巻き上げられた粉体が補助ガス供給口12から供給された補助ガス9aとともに、補助ガス供給口12に対向する粉体受け部8の外周面部分8aに衝突し、その外周面部分8aに損傷を与える。さらに補助ガス供給口12から供給された補助ガス9aは粉体受け部8の外周に沿って、補助ガス室11の反対側にも回り込み、粉体受け部8の外周面部分8bに衝突し、その外周面部分8bにも損傷を与える。このようにして、装置の停止及び再稼働を何度か繰り返すと、この粉体受け部8の外周面部分8a,8bの損傷が進行し、最終的には穴が空いてしまう場合がある。 (6) Cylindrical cover The auxiliary gas 9 is supplied from the auxiliary gas supply port 12 provided in the auxiliary gas chamber 11 and flows from the auxiliary gas flow path 10. When the apparatus is in operation, the powder deposited on the lower end of the powder receiving portion 8 is continuously sent to the acceleration tube 3 by the auxiliary gas 9. Here, when the device is stopped and the auxiliary gas 9 flowing from the auxiliary gas flow path 10 is stopped, a part of the powder accumulated at the lower end of the powder receiving portion 8 is assisted as shown in FIG. It invades the gas flow path 10 and the auxiliary gas chamber 11. When the device is restarted in such a state, in the conventional dry crusher (see FIG. 3) in which the auxiliary gas chamber 11 is not provided with the cylindrical cover 13, the auxiliary gas supplied from the auxiliary gas supply port 12 is used. 9 winds up the powder that has entered the auxiliary gas flow path 10 and the auxiliary gas chamber 11, and the wound powder faces the auxiliary gas supply port 12 together with the auxiliary gas 9a supplied from the auxiliary gas supply port 12. It collides with the outer peripheral surface portion 8a of the powder receiving portion 8 and damages the outer peripheral surface portion 8a. Further, the auxiliary gas 9a supplied from the auxiliary gas supply port 12 wraps around the opposite side of the auxiliary gas chamber 11 along the outer circumference of the powder receiving portion 8 and collides with the outer peripheral surface portion 8b of the powder receiving portion 8. It also damages the outer peripheral surface portion 8b. If the device is stopped and restarted several times in this way, the outer peripheral surface portions 8a and 8b of the powder receiving portion 8 may be damaged, and eventually holes may be formed.

本発明の乾式粉砕装置100は、図1(a)及び図1(b)に示すように、補助ガス供給口12から供給された補助ガス9aが粉体受け部8の外周面に直接当たらないようにするために、補助ガス室11内に、粉体受け部8の外周面を囲うように設けられた円筒状カバー13を有する。このように円筒状カバー13を設けることにより、補助ガス供給口12から供給された補助ガス9aは、円筒状カバー13の補助ガス供給口12に対向する部分に衝突したのち、分岐し、円筒状カバー13外周面に沿って流れ、補助ガス供給口12に対向する部分の反対側の円筒状カバー13外周面に再度衝突する。言いかえると全周が円弧面である円筒を使用することにより、円筒状カバー13に衝突した補助ガス9aが左右に分岐するため、カバーを平面で作る場合に比較して、補助ガス9aの流れを分散させることができるので、円筒状カバー13自体の損傷を遅らせることも可能となる。 In the dry crusher 100 of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b), the auxiliary gas 9a supplied from the auxiliary gas supply port 12 does not directly hit the outer peripheral surface of the powder receiving portion 8. In order to do so, the auxiliary gas chamber 11 has a cylindrical cover 13 provided so as to surround the outer peripheral surface of the powder receiving portion 8. By providing the cylindrical cover 13 in this way, the auxiliary gas 9a supplied from the auxiliary gas supply port 12 collides with the portion of the cylindrical cover 13 facing the auxiliary gas supply port 12, and then branches to form a cylindrical shape. It flows along the outer peripheral surface of the cover 13 and collides with the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical cover 13 on the opposite side of the portion facing the auxiliary gas supply port 12 again. In other words, by using a cylinder whose entire circumference is an arc surface, the auxiliary gas 9a that collides with the cylindrical cover 13 branches to the left and right, so the flow of the auxiliary gas 9a is higher than when the cover is made flat. Can be dispersed, so that damage to the cylindrical cover 13 itself can be delayed.

円筒状カバー13の一部(供給口12に対向する部分及びその反対側の部分以外の部分)にカバーの無い部分（切れ込み等）を有する場合、補助ガス9aが前記カバーの無い部分から粉体受け部8の外周面と円筒状カバー13との間に入り込み、外周面が損傷されるおそれがあるので、円筒状カバー13はカバーの無い部分（切れ込み等）を有さないようにするのが望ましい。 When a part of the cylindrical cover 13 (a part other than the part facing the supply port 12 and the part on the opposite side) has a part without a cover (a notch, etc.), the auxiliary gas 9a is powdered from the part without the cover. Since the outer peripheral surface of the receiving portion 8 may get into the space between the outer peripheral surface and the cylindrical cover 13 and the outer peripheral surface may be damaged, the cylindrical cover 13 should not have a part without a cover (notch, etc.). desirable.

図4(a)及び図4(b)は円筒状カバー13の一例を示す。円筒状カバー13は、補助ガス室11の上面11aにネジ止め等で固定できるように一方の端部にフランジ部13aを有しているのが好ましい。このような円筒状カバー13を設けることにより、装置の稼働及び停止を繰り返した場合であっても、粉体受け部8の外周面部分8a,8bに粉体が直接衝突しなくなり、外周面部分8a,8bの損傷を防止することができる。 FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b) show an example of the cylindrical cover 13. The cylindrical cover 13 preferably has a flange portion 13a at one end thereof so that it can be fixed to the upper surface 11a of the auxiliary gas chamber 11 by screwing or the like. By providing such a cylindrical cover 13, the powder does not directly collide with the outer peripheral surface portions 8a and 8b of the powder receiving portion 8 even when the apparatus is repeatedly operated and stopped, and the outer peripheral surface portion It is possible to prevent damage to 8a and 8b.

円筒状カバー13は、軸方向に一定の径を有する円筒形であってもよいが、軸方向に上方から下方に向かって縮径する円錐台形であるのが好ましい。このとき円錐台形の下端の内径D1（縮径している側の内径：最小内径）は、前記補助ガス室11から円筒状カバー13を取り外しできるように、粉体受け部8の下端部に設けられたフランジ部8c（補助ガス流路10の天井部10a）の直径よりも大きくするのが好ましい。このように円筒状カバー13を取り外しできるようにすることにより、円筒状カバー13の交換が容易となりメンテナンスに要する時間を短縮することができる。円筒状カバー13の下端の内径D1は、補助ガス供給口12からの補助ガス9aの流れをスムーズにするため、できるだけ小さい方が好ましい。円筒状カバー13の高さHは、補助ガス供給口12から供給される補助ガス9aが直接粉体受け部8の外周面部分8a,8bに衝突しないような長さであればよい。このとき円筒状カバー13の下端部分が補助ガス流路10の天井部10aに接続するように構成されていても良い。円筒状カバー13の厚みは、特に限定されないが、0.5〜5 mm程度であるのが好ましい。円筒状カバー13はステンレス等の金属材料で形成されるのが好ましい。 The cylindrical cover 13 may have a cylindrical shape having a constant diameter in the axial direction, but is preferably a conical trapezoidal shape in which the diameter is reduced from the upper side to the lower side in the axial direction. At this time, the inner diameter D1 (inner diameter on the reduced diameter side: minimum inner diameter) at the lower end of the conical trapezoid is provided at the lower end of the powder receiving portion 8 so that the cylindrical cover 13 can be removed from the auxiliary gas chamber 11. It is preferable that the diameter is larger than the diameter of the flange portion 8c (ceiling portion 10a of the auxiliary gas flow path 10). By making the cylindrical cover 13 removable in this way, the cylindrical cover 13 can be easily replaced and the time required for maintenance can be shortened. The inner diameter D1 at the lower end of the cylindrical cover 13 is preferably as small as possible in order to smooth the flow of the auxiliary gas 9a from the auxiliary gas supply port 12. The height H of the cylindrical cover 13 may be such that the auxiliary gas 9a supplied from the auxiliary gas supply port 12 does not directly collide with the outer peripheral surface portions 8a and 8b of the powder receiving portion 8. At this time, the lower end portion of the cylindrical cover 13 may be configured to be connected to the ceiling portion 10a of the auxiliary gas flow path 10. The thickness of the cylindrical cover 13 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 0.5 to 5 mm. The cylindrical cover 13 is preferably made of a metal material such as stainless steel.

1・・・ノズル
1a・・・外周面
2・・・圧縮ガス
3・・・加速管
4・・・粉体
5・・・粉砕室
6・・・衝突板
6a・・・下面
7・・・分級手段
8・・・粉体受け部
8a,8b・・・外周面部分
8c・・・フランジ部
9,9a・・・補助ガス
10・・・補助ガス流路
10a・・・天井部
11・・・補助ガス室
11a・・・上面
11b・・・底面部
12・・・補助ガス供給口
13・・・円筒状カバー
13a・・・フランジ部
14・・・本体
14a・・・本体上部
14b・・・本体下部
15・・・粉体投入口
16・・・分級ローター
17・・・微粉排出口
18・・・支持部材
19・・・高強度の材料
20・・・ライナ
21・・・ブレード 1 ... Nozzle
1a ・ ・ ・ Outer surface
2 ・ ・ ・ Compressed gas
3 ・ ・ ・ Acceleration tube
4 ・ ・ ・ Powder
5 ・ ・ ・ Crushing room
6 ・ ・ ・ Collision plate
6a ・ ・ ・ Bottom surface
7 ・ ・ ・ Classification means
8 ・ ・ ・ Powder receiving part
8a, 8b ・ ・ ・ Outer circumference
8c ・ ・ ・ Flange part
9,9a ・ ・ ・ Auxiliary gas
10 ・ ・ ・ Auxiliary gas flow path
10a ・ ・ ・ Ceiling
11 ・ ・ ・ Auxiliary gas chamber
11a ・ ・ ・ Top surface
11b ・ ・ ・ Bottom part
12 ・ ・ ・ Auxiliary gas supply port
13 ・ ・ ・ Cylindrical cover
13a ・ ・ ・ Flange part
14 ・ ・ ・ Main body
14a ・ ・ ・ Upper part of the main body
14b ・ ・ ・ Lower part of the main body
15 ・ ・ ・ Powder inlet
16 ... Class rotor
17 ・ ・ ・ Fine powder outlet
18 ・ ・ ・ Support member
19 ・ ・ ・ High-strength material
20 ... Liner
21 ・ ・ ・ Blade

Claims (3)

圧縮ガスを上向きに噴射するノズルと、
前記ノズルから噴射された前記圧縮ガスとともに粉体を加速する加速管と、
前記加速管に連通する粉砕室と、
前記粉砕室内に設けられ、前記加速された粉体を衝突させて粉砕する衝突板と、
前記衝突板にて粉砕された粉体を分級し、所定のサイズ以下の粉体を排出する分級手段と、
前記加速管の下端部を取り囲むように設けられ、所定のサイズより大きな粉体をその内面で受けて、前記ノズルの周囲に堆積させるためのロート状の粉体受け部と、
前記ノズルの外周に設けられ、前記粉体受け部に堆積した粉体を前記加速管の内部に導入するために前記ノズルの外周面に沿って補助ガスを流すための補助ガス流路と、
前記粉体受け部の外周面を囲い、前記補助ガス流路に連通するとともに、補助ガス供給口を備えた補助ガス室とを備える乾式粉砕装置であって、
前記補助ガス供給口は前記粉体受け部の外周面に対向するように配置されており、
前記補助ガス室内に、前記粉体受け部の外周面を囲うように円筒状カバーが設けられており、もって前記補助ガス供給口から供給された前記補助ガスが前記粉体受け部の外周面に直接当たらないようにすることを特徴とする乾式粉砕装置。 A nozzle that injects compressed gas upward,
An acceleration tube that accelerates the powder together with the compressed gas injected from the nozzle,
A crushing chamber that communicates with the acceleration tube and
A collision plate provided in the crushing chamber to collide and crush the accelerated powder,
A classification means for classifying powder crushed by the collision plate and discharging powder having a predetermined size or less.
A funnel-shaped powder receiving portion provided so as to surround the lower end portion of the acceleration tube and for receiving powder larger than a predetermined size on its inner surface and depositing it around the nozzle.
An auxiliary gas flow path provided on the outer periphery of the nozzle and for flowing an auxiliary gas along the outer peripheral surface of the nozzle in order to introduce the powder deposited on the powder receiving portion into the inside of the acceleration pipe.
A dry pulverizer that surrounds the outer peripheral surface of the powder receiving portion, communicates with the auxiliary gas flow path, and has an auxiliary gas chamber provided with an auxiliary gas supply port.
The auxiliary gas supply port is arranged so as to face the outer peripheral surface of the powder receiving portion.
A cylindrical cover is provided in the auxiliary gas chamber so as to surround the outer peripheral surface of the powder receiving portion, and the auxiliary gas supplied from the auxiliary gas supply port is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the powder receiving portion. A dry crusher characterized by preventing direct contact. 請求項１に記載の乾式粉砕装置において、前記円筒状カバーは軸方向に上方から下方に向かって縮径する円錐台形であることを特徴とする乾式粉砕装置。 The dry crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical cover has a conical trapezoidal shape in which the diameter is reduced from the upper side to the lower side in the axial direction. 請求項１又は２に記載の乾式粉砕装置において、
前記粉体受け部は、その下端部にフランジ部を有し、
前記円筒状カバーが、前記フランジ部の直径よりも大きい最小内径を有することにより、前記補助ガス室から取り外しできるように設けられていることを特徴とする乾式粉砕装置。 In the dry crushing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2.
The powder receiving portion has a flange portion at its lower end and has a flange portion.
A dry crushing device characterized in that the cylindrical cover is provided so as to be removable from the auxiliary gas chamber by having a minimum inner diameter larger than the diameter of the flange portion.
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