JP4889345B2 - Operation method of airflow crusher - Google Patents

Operation method of airflow crusher Download PDF

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JP4889345B2
JP4889345B2 JP2006098653A JP2006098653A JP4889345B2 JP 4889345 B2 JP4889345 B2 JP 4889345B2 JP 2006098653 A JP2006098653 A JP 2006098653A JP 2006098653 A JP2006098653 A JP 2006098653A JP 4889345 B2 JP4889345 B2 JP 4889345B2
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swirl
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casing
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JP2007268457A (en
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和智 林元
孝司 鈴木
貴 長門
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Corso Idea
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an air stream type crusher preventing a material from being jetted from a casing on starting of operation and preventing a particle not sufficiently crushed from bing mixed into a fine particle product on stopping of operation. <P>SOLUTION: In the air stream type crusher 1 in which a first rotation impeller 32 and a second rotation impeller 33 are rotated in a casing 10 to perform crushing and classification of the thrown material, a material throwing passage 21 for throwing the material to a swirl area R, an air introduction passage 26 for introducing air to the swirl area R, an air introduction passage 27 for introducing air to the front side of a classification area S, a ring-like passage 28 and a clearance 50, an opening/closing valve 29 of the air introduction passage 26 and an opening/closing valve 30 of the air introduction passage 27 are provided. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

本発明は、農産物や鉱物等の各種原料を粉砕するために用いられる気流式粉砕機及び気流式粉砕機の運転方法に関する。   The present invention relates to an airflow pulverizer used for pulverizing various raw materials such as agricultural products and minerals, and an operating method of the airflow pulverizer.

従来、農産物や鉱物等の各種原料を粉砕するために気流式粉砕機が用いられている(例えば特許文献1参照)。図4に示すように、気流式粉砕機1のケーシング10は、投入側ケーシング11、センターケーシング12及び排出側ケーシング13によって構成されている。ケーシング10内であって投入側ケーシング11を貫通するシャフト17の前端(図上、左端)には、第一回転翼32と第二回転翼33とが所定距離互いに離隔して取付けられている。シャフト17はフレーム18にベアリングを介して回転自在に支持されており、モータ(図示略)により回転する構成となっている。   Conventionally, an airflow type pulverizer is used to pulverize various raw materials such as agricultural products and minerals (see, for example, Patent Document 1). As shown in FIG. 4, the casing 10 of the airflow type pulverizer 1 is composed of a charging side casing 11, a center casing 12, and a discharging side casing 13. A first rotary blade 32 and a second rotary blade 33 are attached to a front end (left end in the figure) of the shaft 17 that passes through the input side casing 11 in the casing 10 and spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance. The shaft 17 is rotatably supported by a frame 18 via a bearing, and is configured to rotate by a motor (not shown).

図4及び図5に示すように、投入側ケーシング11の内側にテーパー壁41及び垂壁43が形成されており、テーパー壁41の径が後方に向けて漸減し、垂壁43がテーパー壁41の後端でシャフト17に対して垂直になっている。第一回転翼32と垂壁43との間の空間が旋回領域Rをなしている。
投入側ケーシング11には投入通路22がシャフト17に対して垂直な方向に形成されている。投入通路22の上端入口がホッパ23に接続され、下端出口がテーパー壁41に開口し、旋回領域Rに投入通路22から原料を投入するとともに空気を導入する構成となっている。
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the tapered wall 41 and the hanging wall 43 are formed inside the charging side casing 11, and the diameter of the tapered wall 41 gradually decreases toward the rear, and the hanging wall 43 becomes the tapered wall 41. It is perpendicular to the shaft 17 at the rear end. A space between the first rotary blade 32 and the hanging wall 43 forms a swirl region R.
A charging passage 22 is formed in the charging casing 11 in a direction perpendicular to the shaft 17. The upper end inlet of the charging passage 22 is connected to the hopper 23, and the lower end outlet opens to the tapered wall 41, so that the raw material is introduced into the swirl region R from the charging passage 22 and air is introduced.

センターケーシング12は円筒形をなし、第一回転翼32及び第二回転翼33の間の空間が粉砕領域Cをなしている。
排出側ケーシング13の内側にはテーパー壁42が形成されており、テーパー壁42の径が前方に向けて漸減し、排出側ケーシング13の前端部に排出口46が開口している。排出口46に吸引ファン(図示略)が回収管47を介して接続されている。
The center casing 12 has a cylindrical shape, and the space between the first rotary blade 32 and the second rotary blade 33 forms a grinding region C.
A tapered wall 42 is formed inside the discharge-side casing 13, and the diameter of the taper wall 42 gradually decreases toward the front, and a discharge port 46 opens at the front end of the discharge-side casing 13. A suction fan (not shown) is connected to the discharge port 46 via a recovery pipe 47.

後述の分級領域Sの前方であって排出口46と回収管47の後端部との間には、隙間50が形成されており、隙間50から空気を回収管47内に導入する構成となっている。
第一回転翼32と第二回転翼33は、ボス34、35の周囲に複数の羽根36、38が放射状に設けられており、シャフト17の回転によって回転し、ケーシング10内に旋回する気流が発生する構成となっている。なお、第一回転翼32の羽根36は、原料を旋回領域Rから粉砕領域Cへ導入しやすくするため、旋回領域Rで発生する気流に旋回力を付与するとともに、前方への推力をも付与可能な形状となっている。
A gap 50 is formed in front of the classification area S, which will be described later, and between the discharge port 46 and the rear end of the collection pipe 47, and air is introduced into the collection pipe 47 from the gap 50. ing.
The first rotating blade 32 and the second rotating blade 33 are provided with a plurality of blades 36 and 38 radially around the bosses 34 and 35, and rotate by the rotation of the shaft 17, and the airflow swirling in the casing 10 is generated. It has a configuration that occurs. Note that the blades 36 of the first rotary blade 32 impart a swirl force to the airflow generated in the swirl region R and also a forward thrust to facilitate introduction of the raw material from the swirl region R to the pulverization region C. It has a possible shape.

第二回転翼33の羽根37の先端部には傾斜面38が形成され、傾斜面38が排出側ケーシング13のテーパー壁42に対向している。第二回転翼33と排出側ケーシング13との間の空間及びその前方のテーパー壁42に沿った空間が分級領域Sをなしている。
投入通路22から旋回領域Rに投入された原料は、旋回領域Rで旋回する気流にのって旋回し、遠心力によって半径方向外側に向かって流れる。また、吸引ファンがケーシング10内の空気を排出口46側へ吸引し、旋回領域Rと粉砕領域Cとの間に差圧が生じる。
An inclined surface 38 is formed at the tip of the blade 37 of the second rotary blade 33, and the inclined surface 38 faces the tapered wall 42 of the discharge-side casing 13. A space between the second rotary blade 33 and the discharge-side casing 13 and a space along the tapered wall 42 in front of the space form a classification region S.
The raw material charged into the swirl region R from the charging passage 22 swirls on the airflow swirling in the swirl region R, and flows radially outward by centrifugal force. Further, the suction fan sucks the air in the casing 10 toward the discharge port 46, and a differential pressure is generated between the swirl region R and the pulverization region C.

この差圧と第一回転翼32で生じる気流の前方への推力によって、旋回領域Rで旋回する原料は、第一回転翼32の羽根36の間を通って粉砕領域Cに入る。粉砕領域Cで原料は粒子径の大きなもの程大きな遠心力が作用して周速の速い半径方向外周側に集まり、主として粒子同士の摩砕により、また、粒子同士の衝突による破砕も生じて粉砕される。このとき、第二回転翼33は粉砕領域C内の原料が分級領域Sへ移動することをブロックする。このブロック作用は、第二回転翼33の表面に形成される気流のカーテンによって発生する。   The raw material swirling in the swirl region R enters between the blades 36 of the first rotating blade 32 and enters the pulverizing region C by this differential pressure and the forward thrust of the air flow generated by the first rotating blade 32. In the pulverization region C, the larger the particle diameter, the larger the centrifugal force acts, and the higher the peripheral speed gathers on the radially outer peripheral side, and the pulverization occurs mainly due to the grinding between the particles and also due to the collision between the particles. Is done. At this time, the second rotary blade 33 blocks the raw material in the pulverization region C from moving to the classification region S. This blocking action is generated by an airflow curtain formed on the surface of the second rotary blade 33.

粉砕領域Cで粉砕された原料のなかで、粒子径が小さく質量の小さい粒子ほど圧力の低い第二回転翼33の回転中心近傍に集まり、微粉末として吸引ファンにより吸引され、排出口46からケーシング10内の空気と一緒に回収管47に排出される。回収管47に排出された微粉末は、後段の捕集手段により微粉末製品として捕集される。
吸引ファンが排出口46から微粉末と空気とを吸引すると、隙間50から回収管47内に空気が導入され、回収管47内における微粉末及び空気の流速が高速になる。
回収管47内を微粉末が空気と一緒に高速で流れるので、微粉末が回収管47内に付着することが防止される。
Among the raw materials pulverized in the pulverization region C, particles having a smaller particle diameter and smaller mass gather in the vicinity of the rotation center of the second rotary blade 33 having a lower pressure, and are sucked by the suction fan as fine powder, and are discharged from the discharge port 46 to the casing. 10 is discharged together with the air in the recovery pipe 47. The fine powder discharged to the collection tube 47 is collected as a fine powder product by the subsequent collecting means.
When the suction fan sucks the fine powder and air from the discharge port 46, air is introduced into the recovery pipe 47 from the gap 50, and the flow rates of the fine powder and air in the recovery pipe 47 become high.
Since the fine powder flows together with air in the collection tube 47 at high speed, the fine powder is prevented from adhering in the collection tube 47.

粒子径が大きく質量の大きな粒子は、吸引ファンにより排出口46から吸引されるケーシング10内の空気に随伴せず、テーパー壁42に沿った分級領域Sの外周部に生じる後方への戻り気流に随伴して粉砕領域Cに戻り、粉砕される。なお、この戻り気流は第二回転翼33の回転によって生じるものである。
特開2005−177704号公報
Particles having a large particle size and a large mass do not accompany the air in the casing 10 sucked from the discharge port 46 by the suction fan, and are generated in the backward return airflow generated in the outer peripheral portion of the classification region S along the tapered wall 42. Accompanied by returning to the pulverization region C, pulverization is performed. The return airflow is generated by the rotation of the second rotary blade 33.
JP 2005-177704 A

気流式粉砕機1において、旋回領域Rへの原料の投入と空気の導入は供給通路28から行われており、以下の問題が生じている。
気流式粉砕機1の運転を開始する際、ケーシング10内は粉砕領域Cを含めて空である。かかる状態で第一回転翼32及び第二回転翼33が回転すると、分級領域Sから粉砕領域Cへの戻り気流が、旋回領域Rから粉砕領域Cへの気流よりも強くなる。このため、投入通路22からケーシング10外へ空気が噴出し、空気と一緒に原料も噴出してしまう。なお、気流式粉砕機1の運転を開始してしばらくすると、粉砕領域Cに原料が入り、旋回領域Rから粉砕領域Cへ気流が、分級領域Sから粉砕領域Cへの戻り気流よりも強くなり、ケーシング10外への空気と原料の噴出が止む。
In the airflow type pulverizer 1, the raw material is introduced into the swirl region R and the air is introduced from the supply passage 28, which causes the following problems.
When the operation of the airflow crusher 1 is started, the inside of the casing 10 is empty including the crushing region C. When the first rotary blade 32 and the second rotary blade 33 rotate in such a state, the return airflow from the classification region S to the pulverization region C becomes stronger than the airflow from the swirl region R to the pulverization region C. For this reason, air spouts out of the casing 10 from the charging passage 22, and the raw material is spouted together with the air. After a while after the operation of the airflow pulverizer 1 is started, the raw material enters the pulverization region C, and the airflow from the swirl region R to the pulverization region C becomes stronger than the return airflow from the classification region S to the pulverization region C. Then, the ejection of air and raw materials to the outside of the casing 10 stops.

気流式粉砕機1の運転を停止する際、第一回転翼32及び第二回転翼33の回転が遅くなるにつれて分級能力が低下し、粒子径が大きく質量の大きな粒子が粉砕領域Cへ戻らなくなる。また、前記ブロック作用が小さくなり、粉砕領域C内から粒子径が大きく質量の大きな粒子が分級領域Sへ移動してしまう。
分級能力が低下しても、吸引ファンがケーシング10内の空気を吸引しており、空気が隙間50から回収管47内に導入されている。このため、粒子径が大きく質量の大きな粒子が分級領域Sから回収管47内に引き込まれやすくなり、微粉末製品の中に充分に粉砕されていない粒子が混在し、微粉末製品の品質が低下してしまう。
When the operation of the airflow crusher 1 is stopped, the classification ability decreases as the rotation of the first rotary blade 32 and the second rotary blade 33 becomes slow, and particles having a large particle diameter and a large mass do not return to the pulverization region C. . In addition, the blocking action is reduced, and particles having a large particle size and a large mass move from the crushing region C to the classification region S.
Even if the classification ability is reduced, the suction fan sucks the air in the casing 10, and the air is introduced into the recovery pipe 47 from the gap 50. For this reason, particles having a large particle size and a large mass are easily drawn into the collection tube 47 from the classification region S, and particles that are not sufficiently pulverized are mixed in the fine powder product, which deteriorates the quality of the fine powder product. Resulting in.

本発明は、上記問題を解決するものであり、その目的とするところは、運転開始時にケーシングから原料が噴出することを防止し、運転停止時に粉砕が充分にされていない粒子が微粉末製品の中に混入することを防止す気流式粉砕機の運転方法を提供することである。 The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and the object of the present invention is to prevent the raw material from being ejected from the casing at the start of operation, and particles that are not sufficiently pulverized at the time of the operation stop. to provide a method of operating to that gas-flow pulverizer prevented from being mixed in.

上記の課題を解決するために、本発明の一態様のうち第1の発明に係る気流式粉砕機の運転方法は、ケーシング内に第一回転翼と第二回転翼とを所定距離互いに離隔して設け、ケーシング内の第一回転翼の後方に旋回領域、第一回転翼と第二回転翼との間に粉砕領域、第二回転翼の前方に分級領域を形成し、第一回転翼及び第二回転翼の回転により旋回気流を発生させて旋回領域に投入した原料の粉砕と分級を行う気流式粉砕機の運転方法であって、旋回領域に原料を投入する原料投入部と、旋回領域に空気を導入する旋回領域吸気部と、旋回領域吸気部に導入する空気を制御する開閉弁と、を設け、気流式粉砕機の運転を開始する際、旋回領域吸気部の開閉弁を全閉又は開度を絞った状態としてから気流式粉砕機の運転を開始し、運転を開始して所定時間が経過した後に、旋回領域吸気部の開閉弁を開く。 In order to solve the above-described problem, an airflow crusher operating method according to a first aspect of the present invention includes separating a first rotor blade and a second rotor blade from each other by a predetermined distance in a casing. A swirl region behind the first rotor blade in the casing, a grinding region between the first rotor blade and the second rotor blade, a classification region in front of the second rotor blade, An operation method of an airflow type pulverizer that generates a swirling airflow by rotation of a second rotary blade and pulverizes and classifies a raw material that is input to the swirl region, a raw material charging unit that charges the raw material to the swirl region, and a swirl region A swirl area intake section for introducing air and an on-off valve for controlling air introduced into the swirl area intake section are provided, and when the operation of the airflow type pulverizer is started, the on / off valve of the swirl area intake section is fully closed. Alternatively, start the airflow crusher after reducing the opening, and open the operation. And after a predetermined time has elapsed, to open the on-off valve of the swivel region intake unit.

第1の発明によると、気流式粉砕機の運転を開始する際、旋回領域吸気部の開閉弁を全閉又は開度を絞った状態とし、旋回領域への空気の導入を停止又は制限する。旋回領域への空気の導入を停止又は制限すると、旋回領域からケーシング外に噴出し得る空気が減少し、旋回領域からケーシング外に原料が空気と一緒に噴出することが防止される。
気流式粉砕機の運転を開始して所定時間が経過し、粉砕領域に原料が入ってから、旋回領域吸気部の開閉弁を開き、旋回領域に空気を導入する。粉砕領域に原料が入っているので、旋回領域から粉砕領域へ気流が、分級領域から粉砕領域への戻り気流よりも強くなり、旋回領域からケーシング外へ空気が噴出することはなく、原料が一緒に噴出することもない。
According to the first aspect of the invention, when the operation of the airflow type pulverizer is started, the opening / closing valve of the swirl region intake section is fully closed or the opening degree is reduced, and the introduction of air into the swirl region is stopped or restricted. When the introduction of air to the swirl area is stopped or restricted, the air that can be ejected from the swirl area to the outside of the casing is reduced, and the raw material is prevented from being ejected from the swirl area to the outside of the casing together with the air.
After a predetermined time has passed since the operation of the airflow type pulverizer has been started and the raw material has entered the pulverization region, the opening / closing valve of the swirl region intake section is opened to introduce air into the swirl region. Since the raw material is contained in the grinding area, the airflow from the swirl area to the grinding area is stronger than the return airflow from the classification area to the grinding area, and no air is blown out of the casing from the swirl area. No eruption.

また、第2の発明に係る気流式粉砕機の運転方法は、ケーシング内に第一回転翼と第二回転翼とを所定距離互いに離隔して設け、ケーシング内の第一回転翼の後方に旋回領域、第一回転翼と第二回転翼との間に粉砕領域、第二回転翼の前方に分級領域を形成し、第一回転翼及び第二回転翼の回転により旋回気流を発生させて旋回領域に投入した原料の粉砕と分級を行う気流式粉砕機の運転方法であって、旋回領域に原料を投入する原料投入部と、旋回領域に空気を導入する旋回領域吸気部と、旋回領域吸気部に導入する空気を制御する開閉弁と、を設け、気流式粉砕機の運転を停止する際、旋回領域吸気部の開閉弁を閉じて所定時間が経過した後に、第一回転翼及び第二回転翼の回転を停止する。 The airflow crusher operating method according to the second invention is characterized in that the first rotor blade and the second rotor blade are provided in the casing so as to be separated from each other by a predetermined distance, and swivel to the rear of the first rotor blade in the casing. A pulverization area is formed between the first rotor blade and the second rotor blade, and a classification area is formed in front of the second rotor blade, and a swirling airflow is generated by the rotation of the first rotor blade and the second rotor blade. A method of operating an airflow type pulverizer that performs pulverization and classification of raw materials input to a region, a raw material input unit that inputs the raw material to the swirl region, a swirl region intake unit that introduces air to the swirl region, and a swirl region intake And an on-off valve for controlling the air introduced into the section, and when stopping the operation of the airflow type pulverizer, after closing the on-off valve of the swirl region intake section and a predetermined time has elapsed, Stop rotating blades.

第2の発明によると、気流式粉砕機の運転を停止する際、前もって旋回領域吸気部の開閉弁を閉じ、旋回領域への空気の導入を停止しておく。旋回領域への空気の導入を停止すると、吸引ファンに吸引されてケーシング内から回収管に流れる空気も減少する。旋回領域吸気部の開閉弁を閉じ所定時間が経過してから、第一回転翼及び第二回転翼の回転を停止し、気流式粉砕機の運転を停止する。吸引ファンに吸引されてケーシング内から回収管に流れる空気が減少しており、粒子径が大きく質量の大きな粒子が吸引ファンによってケーシング内の空気と一緒に回収管に吸引されることが防止されているので、分級能力が低下しても、粉砕が充分にされていない粒子が微粉末製品の中に混入すること防止される。
なお、旋回領域吸気部の開閉弁を閉じてから第一回転翼及び第二回転翼の回転を停止するまでの所定時間と、気流式粉砕機の運転を開始する際の運転開始から旋回領域吸気部の開閉弁を開くまでの所定時間は、それぞれ、気流式粉砕機の能力に応じて定まり、互いに同じであっても異なっていてもよい。
According to the second aspect of the invention, when the operation of the airflow type pulverizer is stopped, the opening / closing valve of the swirl region intake section is closed in advance and the introduction of air into the swirl region is stopped. When the introduction of air into the swirl area is stopped, the air sucked by the suction fan and flowing from the casing into the recovery pipe is also reduced. After the opening / closing valve of the swirl region intake section is closed and a predetermined time has elapsed, the rotation of the first rotary blade and the second rotary blade is stopped, and the operation of the airflow type pulverizer is stopped. The air sucked by the suction fan and flowing from the inside of the casing to the recovery pipe is reduced, and particles having a large particle size and a large mass are prevented from being sucked into the recovery pipe together with the air in the casing by the suction fan. Therefore, even if the classification ability is reduced, particles that are not sufficiently pulverized are prevented from being mixed into the fine powder product.
It should be noted that a predetermined time from when the opening / closing valve of the swirl region intake section is closed to when the rotation of the first rotor blade and the second rotor blade is stopped, and from the start of operation when starting the operation of the airflow type pulverizer, The predetermined time until the opening / closing valve of each part is opened is determined according to the capability of the airflow crusher, and may be the same or different.

また、第3の発明に係る気流式粉砕機の運転方法は、第2の発明に係る気流式粉砕機の運転方法であって、分級領域の前方に空気を導入する分級領域前方吸気部と、分級領域前方吸気部に導入する空気を制御する開閉弁と、を設け、気流式粉砕機の運転を停止する際、分級領域前方吸気部の開閉弁を閉じて所定時間が経過した後に、第一回転翼及び第二回転翼の回転を停止する。 Moreover, the operating method of the airflow type pulverizer according to the third invention is the operating method of the airflow type pulverizer according to the second invention, wherein the classification region front intake part for introducing air in front of the classification region, An opening / closing valve for controlling the air introduced into the classification area front intake section, and when the operation of the airflow type pulverizer is stopped, the opening / closing valve of the classification area front intake section is closed and a first time has passed. Stop the rotation of the rotor blade and the second rotor blade.

第3の発明によると、気流式粉砕機の運転を停止する際、前もって分級領域前方吸気部の開閉弁を閉じ、回収管内に導入される空気を減らし、回収管内における空気の流れを低速にしておく。分級領域前方吸気部の開閉弁を閉じて所定時間が経過したら、第一回転翼及び第二回転翼の回転を停止し、気流式粉砕機の運転を停止する。分級能力が低下しても、回収管内の空気の流れが低速になっており、粒子径が大きく質量の大きな粒子が回収管内の空気の流れに引き込まれることが防止されており、粉砕が充分にされていない粒子が微粉末製品の中に混入すること防止される。 According to the third invention, when stopping the operation of the airflow type pulverizer, the opening / closing valve of the classification area front intake part is closed in advance, the air introduced into the recovery pipe is reduced, and the flow of air in the recovery pipe is reduced. deep. When the opening / closing valve of the classification area front intake portion is closed and a predetermined time has elapsed, the rotation of the first rotary blade and the second rotary blade is stopped, and the operation of the airflow type pulverizer is stopped. Even if the classification ability is reduced, the flow of air in the collection tube is slow, and particles with large particle size and mass are prevented from being drawn into the flow of air in the collection tube. Particles that are not treated are prevented from entering the fine powder product.

なお、分級領域前方吸気部の開閉弁を閉じてから第一回転翼及び第二回転翼を停止するまでの所定時間と、旋回領域吸気部の開閉弁を閉じてから第一回転翼及び第二回転翼の回転を停止するまでの所定時間と、気流式粉砕機の運転を開始する際における運転開始から旋回領域吸気部の開閉弁を開くまでの所定時間は、それぞれ、気流式粉砕機の能力に応じて定まり、互いに同じであっても異なっていてもよい。   It should be noted that a predetermined time from when the opening / closing valve of the classification area front intake section is closed to when the first rotor blade and the second rotor blade are stopped, and after the opening / closing valve of the swirl area intake section is closed, the first rotor blade and the second rotor blade The predetermined time until the rotation of the rotor blades is stopped and the predetermined time from the start of operation when the operation of the airflow type pulverizer is started until the opening / closing valve of the swirl region intake section is opened are respectively the capabilities of the airflow type pulverizer. And may be the same or different.

上記のような気流式粉砕機及び気流式粉砕機の運転方法であるので、運転開始時にケーシングから原料が噴出することを防止し、運転停止時に粉砕が充分にされていない粒子が微粉末製品の中に混入することを防止できる気流式粉砕機及び気流式粉砕機の運転方法を提供できる。   Since the airflow pulverizer and the operation method of the airflow pulverizer are as described above, the raw material is prevented from being ejected from the casing at the start of operation, and the particles that are not sufficiently pulverized at the time of the operation stop are fine powder products. It is possible to provide an airflow pulverizer that can prevent mixing in and an operation method of the airflow pulverizer.

本発明を実施するための最良の形態を図1及び図2を参照しつつ説明する。
気流式粉砕機1の基本的構成は図4に示したものと同様である。
図1に示すように、気流式粉砕機1のケーシング10は、投入側ケーシング11、センターケーシング12及び排出側ケーシング13によって構成されており、ケーシング10内には、投入側ケーシング11を貫通するシャフト17の前端(図上、左端)に第一回転翼32と第二回転翼33とが所定距離互いに離隔して取付けられている。シャフト17はフレーム18にベアリングを介して回転自在に支持されており、モータ(図示略)により回転する構成となっている。
The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
The basic configuration of the airflow crusher 1 is the same as that shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, the casing 10 of the airflow type pulverizer 1 is constituted by a charging side casing 11, a center casing 12 and a discharging side casing 13, and a shaft passing through the charging side casing 11 is provided in the casing 10. A first rotary blade 32 and a second rotary blade 33 are attached to a front end (a left end in the figure) of FIG. The shaft 17 is rotatably supported by a frame 18 via a bearing, and is configured to rotate by a motor (not shown).

図1及び図2に示すように、投入側ケーシング11の内側にテーパー壁41及び垂壁43が形成されており、テーパー壁41の径が後方に向けて漸減し、垂壁43がテーパー壁41の後端でシャフト17に対して垂直になっている。第一回転翼32と垂壁43との間の空間が旋回領域Rをなしている。
投入側ケーシング11に原料投入通路21が原料投入部として形成されている。原料投入通路21は上下方向に連通する通路であり、シャフト17に対して垂直に形成されている。原料投入通路21の上端入口がスクリューフィーダ24に接続され、下端出口がテーパー壁41に開口し、シャフト17に対して垂直な方向から旋回領域Rに原料を投入する構成となっている。
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a tapered wall 41 and a hanging wall 43 are formed inside the charging-side casing 11, and the diameter of the tapered wall 41 gradually decreases toward the rear, so that the hanging wall 43 is a tapered wall 41. It is perpendicular to the shaft 17 at the rear end. A space between the first rotary blade 32 and the hanging wall 43 forms a swirl region R.
A raw material input passage 21 is formed in the input side casing 11 as a raw material input portion. The raw material charging passage 21 is a passage communicating in the vertical direction and is formed perpendicular to the shaft 17. The upper end inlet of the raw material input passage 21 is connected to the screw feeder 24, the lower end outlet is opened in the tapered wall 41, and the raw material is input to the turning region R from a direction perpendicular to the shaft 17.

原料投入通路21とは別に、投入側ケーシング11に空気導入通路26が旋回領域吸気部として形成されており、空気導入通路26の一端が出口としてテーパー壁41の下方部分に開口し、シャフト17に対して垂直な方向から旋回領域Rに空気を導入する構成となっている。空気導入通路26には開閉弁29が設けられている。空気導入通路26の出口と原料投入通路21の出口とは、互いにテーパー壁41の周方向に90°の間隔をあけて離れている。   Separately from the raw material introduction passage 21, an air introduction passage 26 is formed in the introduction casing 11 as a swirl region intake portion, and one end of the air introduction passage 26 opens as an outlet to a lower portion of the tapered wall 41, and is connected to the shaft 17. On the other hand, air is introduced into the swivel region R from a direction perpendicular thereto. An open / close valve 29 is provided in the air introduction passage 26. The outlet of the air introduction passage 26 and the outlet of the raw material introduction passage 21 are spaced apart from each other by 90 ° in the circumferential direction of the tapered wall 41.

センターケーシング12は円筒形をなし、第一回転翼32及び第二回転翼33の間の空間が粉砕領域Cをなしている。
排出側ケーシング13の内側にテーパー壁42が形成されており、テーパー壁42の径が前方に向けて漸減し、排出側ケーシング13の前端部に排出口46が開口している。排出口46に吸引ファン(図示略)が回収管47を介して接続されている。分級領域Sの前方であって、排出口46と回収管47の後端部との間には隙間50が形成されている。
The center casing 12 has a cylindrical shape, and the space between the first rotary blade 32 and the second rotary blade 33 forms a grinding region C.
A tapered wall 42 is formed inside the discharge-side casing 13, the diameter of the taper wall 42 gradually decreases toward the front, and a discharge port 46 opens at the front end of the discharge-side casing 13. A suction fan (not shown) is connected to the discharge port 46 via a recovery pipe 47. A gap 50 is formed in front of the classification region S and between the discharge port 46 and the rear end of the collection pipe 47.

排出側ケーシング13の外周側に排出側空気導入ケーシング14が形成されている。排出側空気導入ケーシング14と排出側ケーシング13との間にリング状通路28が形成されており、リング状通路28が隙間50に連通している。排出側空気導入ケーシング14には空気導入通路27が形成されており、空気が空気導入通路27、リング状通路28及び隙間50を通って分級領域Sの前方に導入される構成となっている。空気導入通路27に開閉弁30が設けられており、空気導入通路27、リング状通路28及び隙間50が分級領域前方吸気部をなしている。   A discharge side air introduction casing 14 is formed on the outer peripheral side of the discharge side casing 13. A ring-shaped passage 28 is formed between the discharge-side air introduction casing 14 and the discharge-side casing 13, and the ring-shaped passage 28 communicates with the gap 50. An air introduction passage 27 is formed in the discharge side air introduction casing 14, and air is introduced to the front of the classification region S through the air introduction passage 27, the ring-shaped passage 28 and the gap 50. An open / close valve 30 is provided in the air introduction passage 27, and the air introduction passage 27, the ring-shaped passage 28, and the gap 50 form a classification region front intake portion.

第一回転翼32と第二回転翼33は、ボス34、35の周囲に複数の羽根36、38が放射状に設けられており、シャフト17の回転によって回転し、ケーシング10内に旋回する気流が発生する構成となっている。なお、第一回転翼32の羽根36は、原料を旋回領域Rから粉砕領域Cへ導入しやすくするため、旋回領域Rで発生する気流に旋回力を付与するとともに、前方への推力をも付与可能な形状となっている。
第二回転翼33の羽根37の先端部には傾斜面38が形成され、傾斜面38が排出側ケーシング13のテーパー壁42に対向している。第二回転翼33と排出側ケーシング13との間の空間及びその前方のテーパー壁42に沿った空間が分級領域Sをなしている。
The first rotating blade 32 and the second rotating blade 33 are provided with a plurality of blades 36 and 38 radially around the bosses 34 and 35, and rotate by the rotation of the shaft 17, and the airflow swirling in the casing 10 is generated. It has a configuration that occurs. Note that the blades 36 of the first rotary blade 32 impart a swirl force to the airflow generated in the swirl region R and also a forward thrust to facilitate introduction of the raw material from the swirl region R to the pulverization region C. It has a possible shape.
An inclined surface 38 is formed at the tip of the blade 37 of the second rotary blade 33, and the inclined surface 38 faces the tapered wall 42 of the discharge-side casing 13. A space between the second rotary blade 33 and the discharge-side casing 13 and a space along the tapered wall 42 in front of the space form a classification region S.

次に、作用について説明する。
気流式粉砕機1の運転を開始する際、まず、空気導入通路26の開閉弁29を閉じておく。開閉弁29を閉じ、第一回転翼32及び第二回転翼33を回転させるとともに、スクリューフィーダ24によって原料投入通路21から旋回領域Rに原料を投入する。
空気導入通路26の開閉弁29が閉じており、空気導入通路26から旋回領域Rに導入される空気はなく、原料投入通路21から旋回領域Rに入る空気も少ない。このため、ケーシング10内を流れる空気は少なく、第一回転翼32及び第二回転翼33が回転しても、旋回領域Rからケーシング10外に噴出する空気はほとんどなく、原料がケーシング10外に噴出することもない。
Next, the operation will be described.
When the operation of the airflow crusher 1 is started, first, the on-off valve 29 of the air introduction passage 26 is closed. The on-off valve 29 is closed, the first rotary blade 32 and the second rotary blade 33 are rotated, and the raw material is charged into the swirl region R from the raw material charging passage 21 by the screw feeder 24.
The on-off valve 29 of the air introduction passage 26 is closed, so that no air is introduced from the air introduction passage 26 into the swirl region R, and less air enters the swirl region R from the raw material input passage 21. For this reason, there is little air flowing in the casing 10, and even if the first rotary blade 32 and the second rotary blade 33 rotate, there is almost no air jetted out of the casing 10 from the swivel region R, and the raw material is outside the casing 10. It does not erupt.

気流式粉砕機1の運転を開始して所定時間T1が経過すると、旋回領域Rから粉砕領域Cに原料が入る。粉砕領域Cに原料が入ったら、空気導入通路26の開閉弁29を開き、旋回領域Rに空気を導入する。
空気導入通路26から導入された空気は、投入側ケーシング11のテーパー壁41に沿って旋回し、旋回領域Rで旋回気流となる。原料投入通路21から投入された原料は旋回気流と一緒に旋回し、遠心力によって半径方向外側に向かって流れる。また、吸引ファンがケーシング10内の空気を排出口46側へ吸引し、旋回領域Rと粉砕領域Cとの間には差圧が生じる。この差圧によって、空気導入通路26から旋回領域Rに空気が連続して導入される。
When the operation of the airflow type pulverizer 1 is started and a predetermined time T1 has elapsed, the raw material enters the pulverization region C from the turning region R. When the raw material enters the pulverization region C, the open / close valve 29 of the air introduction passage 26 is opened, and air is introduced into the swirl region R.
The air introduced from the air introduction passage 26 swirls along the tapered wall 41 of the charging side casing 11 and becomes a swirling airflow in the swirling region R. The raw material charged from the raw material charging passage 21 swirls together with the swirling airflow, and flows radially outward by centrifugal force. In addition, the suction fan sucks the air in the casing 10 toward the discharge port 46, and a differential pressure is generated between the swivel region R and the pulverization region C. Due to this differential pressure, air is continuously introduced from the air introduction passage 26 into the swirl region R.

空気導入通路26の出口がテーパー壁41の下方部分に開口しているので、空気導入通路26から導入される空気が旋回領域Rの下方に溜まる原料を吹き飛ばし、吹き飛ばされた原料が旋回気流と一緒に旋回する。
旋回領域Rと粉砕領域Cとの間の差圧と第一回転翼32が旋回気流に付与する前方への推力によって、旋回領域Rで旋回する原料は、第一回転翼32の羽根36の間を通って粉砕領域Cに入る。粉砕領域Cで原料は粒子径の大きなもの程大きな遠心力が作用して周速の速い半径方向外周側に集まり、主として粒子同士の摩砕により、また、粒子同士の衝突による破砕も生じて粉砕される。このとき、第二回転翼33は粉砕領域C内の原料が分級領域へ移動することをブロックする。このブロック作用は、第二回転翼33の表面に形成される気流のカーテンによって発生する。
Since the outlet of the air introduction passage 26 opens at a lower portion of the taper wall 41, the air introduced from the air introduction passage 26 blows off the raw material accumulated below the swirl region R, and the blown raw material is combined with the swirling airflow. Turn to.
Due to the differential pressure between the swirl region R and the crushing region C and the forward thrust imparted to the swirl airflow by the first rotary blade 32, the raw material swirling in the swirl region R is between the blades 36 of the first rotary blade 32. Through to the grinding zone C. In the pulverization region C, the larger the particle diameter, the larger the centrifugal force acts, and the higher the peripheral speed gathers on the radially outer peripheral side, and the pulverization occurs mainly due to the grinding between the particles and also due to the collision between the particles. Is done. At this time, the 2nd rotary blade 33 blocks the raw material in the grinding | pulverization area | region C moving to a classification area | region. This blocking action is generated by an airflow curtain formed on the surface of the second rotary blade 33.

粉砕領域Cで粉砕された原料のなかで、粒子径が小さく質量の小さい粒子ほど圧力の低い第二回転翼33の回転中心近傍に集まり、微粉末として吸引ファンによって吸引され、排出口46からケーシング10内の空気と一緒に回収管47に排出される。回収管47に排出された微粉末は、後段の捕集手段によって粉砕製品として捕集される。粒子径が大きく質量の大きな粒子は、吸引ファンによって吸引されるケーシング10内の空気に随伴せず、排出側ケーシング13のテーパー壁42に沿った分級領域Sの外周部に生じる後方への戻り気流によって粉砕領域Cに戻り、粉砕される。   Among the raw materials pulverized in the pulverization region C, particles having a smaller particle diameter and smaller mass gather in the vicinity of the rotation center of the second rotary blade 33 having a lower pressure, and are sucked as fine powder by a suction fan and are discharged from the discharge port 46 to the casing. 10 is discharged together with the air in the recovery pipe 47. The fine powder discharged to the collection tube 47 is collected as a pulverized product by the subsequent collection means. The particles having a large particle diameter and a large mass do not accompany the air in the casing 10 sucked by the suction fan, and are generated in the backward return airflow generated in the outer peripheral portion of the classification region S along the tapered wall 42 of the discharge-side casing 13. To return to the pulverization region C and pulverize.

気流式粉砕機1の運転を開始してから所定時間T1が経過し、空気導入通路26の開閉弁29を開くときには、粉砕領域Cに既に原料が入っており、旋回領域Rから粉砕領域Cへ気流は、分級領域Sから粉砕領域Cへの戻り気流よりも強くなっている。したがって、開閉弁29を開いて旋回領域Rに空気を導入しても、導入した空気が旋回領域Rからケーシング10外へ噴出することはなく、原料が旋回領域Rからケーシング10外へ噴出することもない。   When a predetermined time T1 has elapsed since the start of the operation of the airflow crusher 1 and the on-off valve 29 of the air introduction passage 26 is opened, the raw material is already in the crushing region C, and the swirl region R is transferred to the crushing region C. The airflow is stronger than the return airflow from the classification area S to the grinding area C. Therefore, even if the on-off valve 29 is opened and air is introduced into the swirl region R, the introduced air is not ejected from the swirl region R to the outside of the casing 10, and the raw material is ejected from the swirl region R to the outside of the casing 10. Nor.

空気導入通路27の開閉弁30を開いておくと、吸引ファンが排出口46から微粉末を吸引する際、空気が空気導入通路27、リング状通路28及び隙間50を通り分級領域Sの前方から回収管47に流れ込む。隙間50から流れ込む空気によって、回収管47における微粉末及び空気の流速が高速になる。
気流式粉砕機1の運転を停止する際、停止よりも所定時間T2前に空気導入通路26の開閉弁29及び空気導入通路27の開閉弁30を閉じる。開閉弁29を閉じると、旋回領域Rへの空気の導入が停止し、吸引ファンによってケーシング10内から回収管47に吸引される空気が減少する。また、開閉弁30を閉じると、隙間50から回収管47に流れ込む空気がなくなり、回収管47内を流れる空気が低速となる。
When the opening / closing valve 30 of the air introduction passage 27 is opened, when the suction fan sucks the fine powder from the discharge port 46, air passes through the air introduction passage 27, the ring-shaped passage 28 and the gap 50 from the front of the classification region S. It flows into the recovery pipe 47. The air flowing from the gap 50 increases the flow rates of the fine powder and air in the recovery pipe 47.
When stopping the operation of the airflow crusher 1, the on-off valve 29 of the air introduction passage 26 and the on-off valve 30 of the air introduction passage 27 are closed a predetermined time T2 before the stop. When the on-off valve 29 is closed, the introduction of air into the swivel region R is stopped, and the air sucked into the recovery pipe 47 from the casing 10 by the suction fan is reduced. When the on-off valve 30 is closed, there is no air flowing into the recovery pipe 47 from the gap 50, and the air flowing in the recovery pipe 47 becomes low speed.

開閉弁29及び開閉弁30を閉じて所定時間T2が経過したら、第一回転翼32及び第二回転翼33を停止する。第一回転翼32及び第二回転翼33の回転が遅くなると、分級領域Sにおける分級能力が低下する。分級能力が低下すると、粒子径が大きく質量の大きな粒子は分級領域Sに残ったままとなる。また、前記ブロック作用が弱くなり、粉砕領域C内から粒子径が大きく質量の大きな粒子が粉砕領域Cへ移動してしまう。   When the on-off valve 29 and the on-off valve 30 are closed and a predetermined time T2 has elapsed, the first rotary blade 32 and the second rotary blade 33 are stopped. When the rotation of the first rotary blade 32 and the second rotary blade 33 becomes slow, the classification ability in the classification region S is reduced. When the classification ability is lowered, particles having a large particle size and a large mass remain in the classification region S. Further, the blocking action is weakened, and particles having a large particle diameter and a large mass move from the crushing region C to the crushing region C.

しかし、ケーシング10内から回収管47に吸引される空気が減少するとともに、回収管47内を流れる空気が低速となっているので、分級領域Sに残っている粒子径が大きく質量の大きな粒子が、回収管47に吸引されたり引き込まれることが防止されており、粉砕が充分にされていない粒子が微粉末製品の中に混入することも防止されている。
なお、本実施の形態において、投入側ケーシング11に形成した空気導入通路26は1箇所であるが、空気導入通路26の数は1箇所に限定されるものではなく、数箇所に形成できることは勿論である。例えば、図3の変形例に示すように、複数箇所の空気導入通路26及び原料投入通路21を投入側ケーシング11の周方向に90°間隔で配置することが可能である。
However, since the air sucked into the collection pipe 47 from the casing 10 is reduced and the air flowing through the collection pipe 47 is low speed, particles having a large particle diameter and a large mass remaining in the classification region S are present. Further, suction or drawing into the collection tube 47 is prevented, and particles that are not sufficiently pulverized are prevented from being mixed into the fine powder product.
In the present embodiment, the air introduction passage 26 formed in the charging casing 11 is one place. However, the number of the air introduction passages 26 is not limited to one place, and can of course be formed in several places. It is. For example, as shown in the modification of FIG. 3, a plurality of air introduction passages 26 and raw material introduction passages 21 can be arranged at 90 ° intervals in the circumferential direction of the introduction side casing 11.

本発明に係る気流式粉砕機の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the airflow type grinder based on this invention. 投入側ケーシングの内面構成図である。It is an inner surface lineblock diagram of a loading side casing. 変形例に係る気流式粉砕機の投入側ケーシングの内面構成図である。It is an inner surface block diagram of the input side casing of the airflow type crusher which concerns on a modification. 従来の気流式粉砕機の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the conventional airflow type grinder. 従来の気流式粉砕機の投入側ケーシングの内面構成図である。It is an inner surface block diagram of the input side casing of the conventional airflow type crusher.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 気流式粉砕機
10 ケーシング
11 投入側ケーシング
12 センターケーシング
13 排出側ケーシング
14 排出側空気導入ケーシング
17 シャフト
18 フレーム
21 原料投入通路
24 スクリューフィーダ
26、27 空気導入通路
28 リング状通路
29、30 開閉弁
32 第一回転翼
33 第二回転翼
34、35 ボス
36、37 羽根
38 傾斜面
41、42 テーパー壁
43 垂壁43
46 排出口
47 回収管
50 隙間
R 旋回領域
C 粉砕領域
S 分級領域
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Airflow type grinder 10 Casing 11 Input side casing 12 Center casing 13 Discharge side casing 14 Discharge side air introduction casing 17 Shaft 18 Frame 21 Raw material input passage 24 Screw feeder 26, 27 Air introduction passage 28 Ring-shaped passage 29, 30 On-off valve 32 First rotary blade 33 Second rotary blade 34, 35 Boss 36, 37 Blade 38 Inclined surface 41, 42 Tapered wall 43 Vertical wall 43
46 Discharge port 47 Collection pipe 50 Clearance R Turning area C Grinding area S Classification area

Claims (3)

ケーシング内に第一回転翼と第二回転翼とを所定距離互いに離隔して設け、ケーシング内の第一回転翼の後方に旋回領域、第一回転翼と第二回転翼との間に粉砕領域、第二回転翼の前方に分級領域を形成し、第一回転翼及び第二回転翼の回転により旋回気流を発生させて旋回領域に投入した原料の粉砕と分級を行う気流式粉砕機の運転方法であって、
旋回領域に原料を投入する原料投入部と、旋回領域に空気を導入する旋回領域吸気部と、旋回領域吸気部に導入する空気を制御する開閉弁と、を設け、
気流式粉砕機の運転を開始する際、旋回領域吸気部の開閉弁を全閉又は開度を絞った状態としてから気流式粉砕機の運転を開始し、運転を開始して所定時間が経過した後に、旋回領域吸気部の開閉弁を開くことを特徴とする気流式粉砕機の運転方法。
The first rotor blade and the second rotor blade are provided in the casing so as to be separated from each other by a predetermined distance, the swirl region is located behind the first rotor blade in the casing, and the pulverization region is between the first rotor blade and the second rotor blade. The operation of an air-flow type pulverizer that forms a classification area in front of the second rotary blade, generates a swirling airflow by the rotation of the first rotary blade and the second rotary blade, and crushes and classifies the raw material input to the swirl area A method,
A raw material input unit for introducing the raw material into the swirl region, a swirl region intake unit for introducing air into the swirl region, and an on-off valve for controlling the air introduced into the swirl region intake unit,
When starting the operation of the airflow type pulverizer, the opening / closing valve of the swirl region intake part is fully closed or the opening degree is reduced, and then the operation of the airflow type pulverizer is started. A method of operating an airflow type pulverizer characterized by opening an on-off valve of a swirl region intake section later.
ケーシング内に第一回転翼と第二回転翼とを所定距離互いに離隔して設け、ケーシング内の第一回転翼の後方に旋回領域、第一回転翼と第二回転翼との間に粉砕領域、第二回転翼の前方に分級領域を形成し、第一回転翼及び第二回転翼の回転により旋回気流を発生させて旋回領域に投入した原料の粉砕と分級を行う気流式粉砕機の運転方法であって、
旋回領域に原料を投入する原料投入部と、旋回領域に空気を導入する旋回領域吸気部と、旋回領域吸気部に導入する空気を制御する開閉弁と、を設け、
気流式粉砕機の運転を停止する際、旋回領域吸気部の開閉弁を閉じて所定時間が経過した後に、第一回転翼及び第二回転翼の回転を停止することを特徴とする気流式粉砕機の運転方法。
The first rotor blade and the second rotor blade are provided in the casing so as to be separated from each other by a predetermined distance, the swirl region is located behind the first rotor blade in the casing, and the pulverization region is between the first rotor blade and the second rotor blade. The operation of an air-flow type pulverizer that forms a classification area in front of the second rotary blade, generates a swirling airflow by the rotation of the first rotary blade and the second rotary blade, and crushes and classifies the raw material input to the swirl area A method,
A raw material input unit for introducing the raw material into the swirl region, a swirl region intake unit for introducing air into the swirl region, and an on-off valve for controlling the air introduced into the swirl region intake unit,
When stopping the operation of the airflow pulverizer, the airflow pulverization is characterized by stopping the rotation of the first rotor blade and the second rotor blade after a predetermined time has elapsed after closing the on-off valve of the swirl region intake section. How to operate the machine.
分級領域の前方に空気を導入する分級領域前方吸気部と、分級領域前方吸気部に導入する空気を制御する開閉弁と、を設け、
気流式粉砕機の運転を停止する際、分級領域前方吸気部の開閉弁を閉じて所定時間が経過した後に、第一回転翼及び第二回転翼の回転を停止することを特徴とする請求項2記載の気流式粉砕機の運転方法。
A classification area front intake part that introduces air in front of the classification area; and an on-off valve that controls air introduced into the classification area front intake part,
When stopping the operation of the gas-flow pulverizer, claims, characterized by closing the on-off valve of the classifying region forward intake section after a predetermined time has elapsed, to stop the rotation of the first rotating blade and the second rotating blade 3. A method of operating the airflow type pulverizer according to 2 .
JP2006098653A 2006-03-31 2006-03-31 Operation method of airflow crusher Expired - Fee Related JP4889345B2 (en)

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