JPH06182242A - High-speed rotary impact type pulverizer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To regulate the grain size of pulverized matter and to prevent the sticking of the pulverized matter to a classifying blade and the wear thereof by providing the circumferential wall of the classifying chamber with plural nozzles adjustable in opening degree for causing secondary air to flow in a classifying chamber in the turning direction of air current turning in the classifying chamber at intervals in the circumferential direction. CONSTITUTION:On the circumferential wall of a classifying chamber 14, plural nozzles 16 for causing secondary air to flow in the classifying chamber in the turning direction of pulverized matter turning in the classifying chamber 14 are provided at regular intervals. In this way, the nozzles 16 are made freely adjustable in opening degree. Therefor, it may be that valves 16a are used, or plural nozzles 16 different in sectional area are prepared and freely attachably and detachably fitted to the circumferential wall of the classifying chamber or nozzles 16 of large sectional area are fixed to the circumferential wall and nozzles of small sectional area are freely attachably and detachably inserted into the nozzles 16. Consequently, the turning velocity of powder turning in the classifying chamber is increased.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a high-speed rotation for finely pulverizing raw materials such as weakly heat-resistant substances, fibrous substances, metals, foods, synthetic resins, and general organic / inorganic substances to a size of several μm to several tens of μm. The present invention relates to an impact type crusher.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a high-speed rotary impact type crusher, the one shown in FIG. 8 has been conventionally known.

In the above crusher, a cylindrical stator 31 is provided inside a casing 30, a rotor 32 is incorporated inside the stator 31, and a crushing chamber 33 is provided inside the stator 31.
And a classification chamber 34 are formed, a stirring blade 35 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of one side facing the crushing chamber 33 of the rotor 32, and a classification blade 36 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the other side surface. Rotor 32 that rotates the raw material supplied to 33 at high speed
The stirring blades 35 and the stator 31 of FIG.

Further, the pulverized material is allowed to flow into the classification chamber 34,
The classification blade 36 is rotated to centrifuge into fine powder and coarse powder, and the fine powder is taken out from a pulverized material discharge port 38 communicating with the center of the classification chamber 34, and the coarse powder is returned to the coarse powder return passage 3
It is returned from 9 to the raw material supply path 37 and is pulverized again.

[0005]

By the way, in the above crusher, a classification mechanism for classifying the pulverized material into fine powder and coarse powder is forced to rotate the pulverized material by the rotation of the classification blade 36 provided integrally with the rotor 32. Since it has a vortex shape, there is a disadvantage in that it is difficult to adjust the particle size of the pulverized product to be collected in relation to the pulverizability of the pulverized product.

Further, the classification blade 36 is liable to wear due to collision with the pulverized material, and the pulverized material cannot be adhered to the classification blade 36, so that the categorized material deteriorates the classification performance. .

The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional inconveniences,
It is a technical subject to make it possible to easily adjust the particle size of the collected pulverized material, and to solve the problems of abrasion and adhesion to suppress the deterioration of the classification performance.

[0008]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the present invention, a cylindrical stator and a rotor rotated at a high speed inside the stator are incorporated in a crushing chamber provided in a casing. , The rotor is rotated at high speed, the raw material supplied from the raw material supply path into the pulverizing chamber is pulverized by the rotor and the stator, and the pulverized product is swirled in a classification chamber communicating with the pulverizing chamber to produce coarse powder and fine powder. Centrifuge to remove the fine powder from the pulverized product discharge port that communicates with the center of the classification chamber, and return the coarse powder to the raw material supply passage from the coarse powder return passage that communicates with the outer periphery of the classification chamber. In the rotary impact type crusher, a plurality of nozzles with adjustable opening degree, which allow secondary air to flow in the swirling direction of the air stream swirling in the classifying chamber, are provided on the peripheral wall of the classifying chamber at required intervals in the circumferential direction. It was adopted formed.

In order to solve the same problem as described above,
The coarse powder return passage has a structure in which an ejector for injecting air to give a suction force is incorporated into the passage.

[0010]

With the above construction, when the pulverized material swirls in the classification chamber, the secondary air is introduced from the nozzle into the classification chamber to increase the swirling speed of the pulverized material, so that the pulverized material can be extremely effectively pulverized. The crushed product can be centrifugally separated into coarse powder and coarse powder, and the swirl speed of the crushed product is changed by adjusting the opening amount of the secondary air by adjusting the opening of the nozzle, and the crushed product taken out from the crushed product discharge port. The particle size of can be adjusted arbitrarily.

Further, by adjusting the air injection amount of the ejector incorporated in the coarse powder return passage, the swirling speed of the pulverized material in the classification chamber is changed, and in this case also, the pulverized material is taken out from the pulverized material discharge port as described above. The particle size of the ground product can be adjusted.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the casing 1
A circular crushing chamber 2 and a raw material supply path 3 communicating with the center of the crushing chamber 2 are provided in the.

A stator 4 is incorporated in the outer peripheral portion of the crushing chamber 2 to prevent the stator 4 from rotating and to prevent the stator 4 from moving in the axial direction.

The stator 4 comprises a cylindrical ring 4a and a taper ring 4b, and the cylindrical ring 4a is arranged on the raw material inlet side of the crushing chamber 2. The cylindrical inner surface 5 of the cylindrical ring 4a and the conical inner surface 6 of the tapered ring 4b are provided with grooves 7 extending in the axial direction at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

In FIG. 3, the groove 7 has a semicircular shape, but the shape is not limited to this.

The rotor 8 incorporated inside the stator 4 is rotated in one direction at a high speed by a motor (not shown).
The rotor 8 has a cylindrical outer surface 9 forming a cylindrical primary grinding zone 2a with the cylindrical inner surface 5 of the stator 4 and a conical secondary grinding zone 2b formed with a conical inner surface 6. A conical outer surface 10 is provided.

The cylindrical outer surface 9 and the conical outer surface 10 are each provided with ridges 11 extending in the axial direction at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

Further, the rotor 8 is provided with an annular projecting portion 12 on the outer peripheral portion of the end surface of the crushing chamber 2 on the raw material inlet side, and a plurality of guide grooves 13 are formed in the annular projecting portion 12 at equal intervals.

The secondary crushing zone 2b communicates with a circular classifying chamber 14, and a crushed material discharge port 15 is provided at the center of the end face of the classifying chamber 14. Further, on the peripheral wall of the classification chamber 14, a plurality of nozzles 16 for injecting secondary air in the swirling direction of the pulverized material swirling in the classification chamber 14 are provided at equal intervals. Here, the opening of the nozzle 16 is adjustable. As a method for making the opening adjustable, here, a valve 16a is used, but instead of the valve 16a, a plurality of nozzles 16 having different cross-sectional areas are prepared, and each nozzle 16 is attached to the peripheral wall of the classification chamber 14. Alternatively, the nozzle 16 having a large cross-sectional area may be fixed to the peripheral wall, and the nozzle having a small cross-sectional area may be detachably inserted inside the nozzle 16. The inflow of the secondary air from the nozzle 16 into the classification chamber 14 may be suction by negative pressure in the classification chamber 14 or forced feed.

A coarse powder return passage 17 connects the outer peripheral portion of the classification chamber 14 and the raw material supply passage 3 with each other. An ejector 18 is provided in the coarse powder return passage 17. The ejector 18 has a throttle portion 19, an air injection nozzle 20 is connected to the inlet side of the throttle portion 19, and air is jetted from the nozzle 20 to the throttle portion 19 to apply suction force to the coarse powder return passage 17. ing.

The crusher shown in the embodiment has the above structure, and FIG. 5 shows a crushing plant using the above crusher A.
The raw material discharged from the constant quantity feeder 21 is a raw material supply pipe 22.
Is supplied to the raw material supply path 3 of the crusher A.

The crushed material collecting pipe 26 connected to the discharge port 15 of the crusher A is connected to the nozzle of the blower 23, and the cyclone collector 24 and the bag filter 25 are connected in the middle of the crushed material collecting pipe 22. ing.

When the raw material is pulverized, the blower 23 is driven to supply the pulverized raw material from the constant amount feeder 21 to the raw material supply path 3 in a state where the suction force is applied to the discharge port 15 of the pulverizer A.

Now, when the raw material is supplied to the raw material supply path 3 while the rotor 8 is rotated in one direction at a high speed, this raw material flows into the crushing chamber 2 and the rotational force is generated by the rotation of the rotor 8. It is applied and moves in the outer diameter direction of the crushing chamber 2 by the centrifugal force and the flow of the air flow. At this time, since the guide grooves 13 are radially provided on the end surface of the rotor 8, the raw material smoothly flows along the guide grooves 13 and the cylindrical ring 4
It collides with the groove 7 provided on the cylindrical inner surface of a.

The raw material collides with the groove 7 and the groove 7
And the guide groove 13 is crushed by the edge of the opening on the outer diameter side, and the crushed material is crushed by the suction force acting on the classification chamber 14 and the crushing zone 2a and the crushing zone 2b.
Is sucked into and moves through each crushing zone 2a, 2b,
The grooves 7 of the stator 4 and the concavo-convex stripes 11 of the rotor 8 are subjected to both shearing and grinding actions and are finely pulverized.

Here, the secondary crushing zone 2b has a classification chamber 14
Since the diameter of the cone is gradually decreasing toward the crushed particle, when the crushed material that has been primary crushed in the primary crushing zone 2a flows into the secondary crushing zone 2b, as shown in FIG. F ₀ acts, and a component force F _{1 in the} direction perpendicular to the conical outer surface 10 of the rotor 8 and a component force F _{2 in the} direction along the conical outer surface 10 act.

Since the component force F ₂ acts as a force for moving the particles to the upstream side, the pulverized material having a large particle size moves toward the primary crushing zone 2a and the intersection of the primary crushing zone 2a and the secondary crushing zone 2b. And the concentration of the ground material at the intersection is high, and the grinding is promoted.

The pulverized material having a small particle diameter flows into the classification chamber 14 from the secondary pulverization zone 2b along with the flow of the air stream and swirls in the classification chamber 14. At this time, the nozzle 1
Secondary air flows into the classifying chamber 14 from 6, and the swirling speed of the pulverized product is accelerated by the secondary air. By the swirling of the pulverized product in the classifying chamber 14, the pulverized product is centrifugally separated into fine powder and coarse powder. It

The coarse powder swirling in the outer peripheral portion of the classifying chamber 14 flows into the coarse powder return passage 17, the speed is accelerated by the action of the ejector 18, returns to the raw material supply passage 3, and is pulverized again.

On the other hand, the fine powder moving to the center of the classification chamber 14 is discharged from the discharge port 15 and collected by the cyclone separator 24 shown in FIG.

When the pulverized material is classified in the classification chamber 14, the opening of the nozzle 16 is adjusted so that the nozzle 1
When the opening degree of 6 is increased, the inflow amount of secondary air is increased to accelerate the swirling speed of the pulverized material, and conversely, when the opening degree of the nozzle 16 is decreased, the swirling speed of the pulverized material is reduced. The classification point of the crushed material is changed by adjusting the turning speed, and the crushed material discharge port 1 is adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the nozzle 16.
The particle size of the fine powder taken out from No. 5 can be adjusted arbitrarily. Instead of adjusting the opening of the nozzle 16, the classification chamber 1
You may adjust the classification point by adjusting the volume of No. 4. When adjusting the volume, it is possible to adopt a method in which the end plate of the classification chamber 14 is made detachable and a spacer ring is attached to the inner surface of the end plate.

When the jet speed of the air jetted from the air jet nozzle 20 of the ejector 18 incorporated in the coarse powder return passage 17 to the inlet side of the throttle portion 19 is increased, the suction force of the coarse powder return passage 17 increases. Conversely, if the air jet speed is lowered, the suction force becomes smaller. By adjusting the suction force, the outward force acting on the particles in the classification chamber 14 changes, and in this case also, the classification point of the pulverized material can be adjusted in the same manner as described above.

6 and 7 show another embodiment of the crushing apparatus according to the present invention.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the stator 4 is formed by a cylindrical ring 4a and two first taper rings 4b and 4c having different taper angles, and each ring 4a, 4b, 4c. A groove 7 is provided on the inner surface of the.

Further, on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 8, a conical secondary surface 9 is formed between the outer cylindrical surface 9 forming a cylindrical primary crushing zone 2a with the cylindrical ring 4a and the first tapered ring 4b. First conical outer surface 10a forming a grinding zone 2b
And a second conical outer surface 10b forming a conical tertiary crushing zone 2c between it and the second taper ring 4c.

In the above embodiment, the primary crushing zone 2
Since the pulverized material can be retained at the intersection of a and the secondary pulverization zone 2b and the intersection of the secondary pulverization zone 2b and the tertiary pulverization zone 2c, the raw material can be pulverized extremely effectively and fine It is possible to collect various pulverized products.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the stator 4 incorporated in the crushing chamber 2 is supported movably in the axial direction, and the position of the stator 4 can be adjusted in the axial direction by a pair of screws 21. .

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the size of the secondary crushing zone 2b (the conical inner surface 6 of the taper ring 4b and the conical outer surface 10 of the rotor 8) is obtained by the axial movement of the stator 4.
Since it is possible to adjust the (interval), it is necessary to enlarge the secondary crushing zone 2b when crushing a crushed product with good crushability and crushing a crushed product vulnerable to temperature rise. Thus, it is possible to crush these crushed products, and it is possible to expand the range of application of crushing.

The structure of the stator 4 and the rotor 8 for crushing the raw material in the crushing chamber 2 is not limited to that of the embodiment. For example, similar to the conventional crusher shown in FIG. 8, a stirring blade may be attached to the rotor and the raw material may be crushed by the rotation of the stirring blade.

[0041]

As described above, in the present invention, the nozzle is provided on the peripheral wall of the classifying chamber, and the secondary air is introduced from the nozzle into the classifying chamber to increase the swirling speed of the powder swirling in the classifying chamber. As a result, the pulverized product can be classified very effectively, and fine powder having a uniform particle size distribution can be recovered.

Further, the opening of the nozzle is adjustable, and the amount of secondary air sucked can be adjusted by adjusting the opening, so that the particle size of the fine powder to be collected can be adjusted arbitrarily. In addition, since the classification mechanism of the pulverized material is a free vortex type due to the inflow of secondary air, there is no problem such as abrasion and adhesion during classification using the stirring blade, and it is possible to suppress the deterioration of classification performance. .

Further, by providing an ejector for applying suction force to the coarse powder return passage by injecting air into the coarse powder return passage, it is recovered in the same manner as above by a simple work for adjusting the air injection pressure. The particle size of the fine powder can be adjusted arbitrarily.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional front view showing an embodiment of a crusher according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing a stator and a rotor of the above.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the crushing unit of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a crushing plant using the same crushing device.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing another example of the crushing unit of the above crushing device.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing still another example of the crushing unit of the same crushing device.

FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional front view showing a conventional crushing device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Casing 2 Grinding Chamber 3 Raw Material Supply Channel 4 Stator 8 Rotor 14 Classifying Chamber 16 Nozzle 17 Coarse Powder Return Channel 18 Ejector

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A cylindrical stator and a rotor that rotates at high speed inside the stator are incorporated in a crushing chamber provided in a casing, the rotor is rotated at high speed, and the rotor and the stator are connected from a raw material supply path. The raw material supplied to the crushing chamber is crushed, and the crushed product is swirled in the classifying chamber communicating with the crushing chamber to centrifuge into coarse powder and fine powder, and the fine powder is communicated to the center of the classifying chamber. Take out from the outlet,
In a high-speed rotary impact type crusher configured to return the coarse powder to the raw material supply passage from the coarse powder return passage communicating with the outer periphery of the classification chamber, the direction of the air flow swirling inside the classification chamber on the peripheral wall of the classification chamber. A high-speed rotary impact type crusher characterized in that a plurality of nozzles whose secondary opening can be adjusted are provided at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction. 2. The high speed rotation impact type crusher according to claim 1, wherein an ejector for injecting air into the coarse powder return passage to apply suction force is incorporated into the passage. Impact type crusher.