JP6748379B2 - 被覆切削工具 - Google Patents
被覆切削工具 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6748379B2 JP6748379B2 JP2018090738A JP2018090738A JP6748379B2 JP 6748379 B2 JP6748379 B2 JP 6748379B2 JP 2018090738 A JP2018090738 A JP 2018090738A JP 2018090738 A JP2018090738 A JP 2018090738A JP 6748379 B2 JP6748379 B2 JP 6748379B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- kam
- cemented carbide
- coated cutting
- cutting tool
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims description 89
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 183
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 44
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 9
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001887 electron backscatter diffraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002003 electron diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000445 field-emission scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO Inorganic materials [Zr]=O GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003465 moissanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
- C23C28/042—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material including a refractory ceramic layer, e.g. refractory metal oxides, ZrO2, rare earth oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
- B23B27/148—Composition of the cutting inserts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/56—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides
- C04B35/5607—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on refractory metal carbides
- C04B35/5626—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on refractory metal carbides based on tungsten carbides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5025—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with ceramic materials
- C04B41/5031—Alumina
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5053—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials non-oxide ceramics
- C04B41/5062—Borides, Nitrides or Silicides
- C04B41/5068—Titanium nitride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
- C04B41/87—Ceramics
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/067—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds comprising a particular metallic binder
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- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/08—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on tungsten carbide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C16/0227—Pretreatment of the material to be coated by cleaning or etching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/308—Oxynitrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/34—Nitrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/36—Carbonitrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/40—Oxides
- C23C16/403—Oxides of aluminium, magnesium or beryllium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
- C23C30/005—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process on hard metal substrates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2222/00—Materials of tools or workpieces composed of metals, alloys or metal matrices
- B23B2222/28—Details of hard metal, i.e. cemented carbide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/38—Non-oxide ceramic constituents or additives
- C04B2235/3817—Carbides
- C04B2235/3839—Refractory metal carbides
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
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Description
また、特許文献1の被覆工具では、基体表面から5μmまでの深さの領域の炭化タングステン(WC)のKAM平均値しか考慮されていない。このため、基材の表面側と表面から離れた側とにおいて、炭化タングステン(WC)のKAM値(以下、単に「KAM値」とも記す。)の絶対値の差が大きいと考えられる。これは、化学蒸着法で被覆層を形成していることから推定される。
[1]
超硬合金と、該超硬合金の表面上に形成された被覆層とを備える被覆切削工具であって、
前記被覆層の平均厚さが、5.0μm以上30.0μm以下であり、
前記超硬合金において、前記超硬合金の前記表面から前記被覆層とは反対側に向かって20.0μmまでの領域を表面領域とし、前記表面領域の前記被覆層とは反対側の領域を内部領域としたとき、前記表面領域におけるKAM値の平均値と前記内部領域におけるKAM値の平均値とが、下記式(1)で表される条件を満たす、被覆切削工具。
0.00°≦|KAMs−KAMi|≦0.10°・・・(1)
(式(1)中、KAMsは、前記表面領域におけるKAM値の平均値を表し、KAMiは、前記内部領域におけるKAM値の平均値を表す。)
[2]
前記KAMsは、0.35°以上0.55°以下である、[1]に記載の被覆切削工具。
[3]
前記KAMiは、0.35°以上0.55°以下である、[1]又は[2]に記載の被覆切削工具。
[4]
前記超硬合金は、結合相を5.0質量%以上12.0質量%以下含む、[1]〜[3]のいずれかに記載の被覆切削工具。
[5]
前記超硬合金は、Ti、Zr、Hf、V、Nb、Ta、Cr及びMoからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素と、C、N、O及びBからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素とから構成される化合物の1種以上を含む化合物相を含み、
前記化合物相を3.0質量%以上6.0質量%以下含む、[1]〜[4]のいずれかに記載の被覆切削工具。
[6]
前記被覆層が、前記超硬合金側から順に、下部層と、該下部層の表面上に形成された上部層とを含み、
前記下部層が、1.5μm以上15.0μm以下の平均厚さを有し、
前記下部層が、Tiの炭化物層、Tiの窒化物層、Tiの炭窒化物層、Tiの炭酸化物層及びTiの炭窒酸化物層からなる群より選ばれる1種又は2種以上の層からなるTi化合物層であり、
前記上部層が、1.5μm以上15.0μm以下の平均厚さを有し、
前記上部層が、α型酸化アルミニウムからなるα型酸化アルミニウム層である、[1]〜[5]のいずれかに記載の被覆切削工具。
0.00°≦|KAMs−KAMi|≦0.10°・・・(1)
(式(1)中、KAMsは、表面領域におけるKAM値の平均値を表し、KAMiは、内部領域におけるKAM値の平均値を表す。)
図1は、本実施形態の被覆切削工具の一例を示す模式断面図である。被覆切削工具6は、基材1(超硬合金)と、その基材1の表面上に形成された被覆層5とを備え、更に基材1は表面領域1a、内部領域1bからなる。また、被覆層5は、基材1の表面上に形成された下部層2と、下部層2の基材1とは反対側の表面上に形成された上部層3と、上部層3の下部層2とは反対側の表面上に形成された最表面の層4とを備える。
本実施形態の被覆切削工具は、基材である超硬合金において、表面領域のKAM値の平均値と内部領域のKAM値の平均値との差の絶対値が、0.10°以下であると、被覆切削工具の破壊の起点となる箇所が減少し、切削加工における負荷が分散されやすいため、耐欠損性に優れる。
本実施形態の被覆切削工具は、基材である超硬合金と、該超硬合金の表面上に形成された被覆層とを備える。被覆切削工具の種類として、具体的には、フライス加工用若しくは旋削加工用刃先交換型切削インサート、ドリル及びエンドミルを挙げることができる。
0.00°≦|KAMs−KAMi|≦0.10°・・・(1)
(式(1)中、KAMsは、表面領域におけるKAM値の平均値を表し、KAMiは、内部領域におけるKAM値の平均値を表す。)
本実施形態の被覆切削工具は、超硬合金において、表面領域のKAM値の平均値と内部領域のKAM値の平均値との差の絶対値が、0.10°以下であると、切削加工における負荷が分散されやすいため耐欠損性に優れる。
上記の作用効果をより有効かつ確実に奏する観点から、超硬合金において、表面領域のKAM値の平均値と内部領域のKAM値の平均値との差の絶対値は、0.08°以下であることが好ましく、0.06°以下であることがより好ましく、0.04°以下であることが更に好ましい。超硬合金において、表面領域のKAM値の平均値と内部領域のKAM値の平均値との差の絶対値がこのような範囲内であると、切削加工における負荷が更に分散されやすいため耐欠損性に一層優れる。
本実施形態の被覆切削工具に用いる被覆層は、その平均厚さが、5.0μm以上30.0μm以下である。被覆層の平均厚さが5.0μm以上であると、耐摩耗性が向上し、30.0μm以下であると、被覆層の基材との密着性及び耐欠損性が高まる。同様の観点から、被覆層の平均厚さは、7.0μm以上29.0μm以下であると好ましく、8.0μm以上18.0μm以下であるとより好ましく、10.0μm以上18.0μm以下であると更に好ましい。
本実施形態の被覆切削工具に用いる被覆層は、超硬合金側から順に、下部層と、該下部層の表面上に形成された上部層とを含むことが好ましい。
下部層は、Tiの炭化物層(以下、単に「TiC層」とも表記する。)、Tiの窒化物層(以下、単に「TiN層」とも表記する。)、Tiの炭窒化物層(以下、単に「TiCN層」とも表記する。)、Tiの炭酸化物層(以下、単に「TiCO層」とも表記する。)及びTiの炭窒酸化物層(以下、単に「TiCNO層」とも表記する。)からなる群より選ばれる1種又は2種以上の層からなるTi化合物層であることが好ましい。被覆層がこのような下部層を備えると、基材と被覆層との間の密着性が一層向上するので好ましい。下部層は、1層で構成されていてもよく、複層(例えば、2層又は3層)で構成されてもよいが、複層で構成されていることが好ましく、2層又は3層で構成されていることがより好ましく、3層で構成されていることが更に好ましい。また、下部層は、上記の各種の層のうち、同じ種類の層を単層でのみ有していてもよく、複層で有していてもよい。下部層は、耐チッピング性及び耐欠損性がより一層向上する観点から、TiN層、TiCN層及びTiCNO層からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の層を含むことが好ましい。同様の観点から、下部層は、最も基材に近い層(最下層)としてTiN層又はTiC層を有し、最も上部層に近い層としてTiCNO層又はTiCO層を有し、それらの層の間にTiCN層を有することがなおも更に好ましく、最も基材に近い層(最下層)としてTiN層を有し、最も上部層に近い層としてTiCNO層を有し、それらの層の間にTiCN層を有することが特に好ましい。
上部層は、α型酸化アルミニウムからなるα型酸化アルミニウム層(以下、単に「α−Al2O3層」とも表記する。)であることが好ましい。被覆層がこのような上部層を備えると、被覆層及び被覆切削工具の耐摩耗性が高くなる。上部層は、1層で構成されていてもよく、複層(例えば、製造工程の異なる2層又は3層)で構成されてもよい。
基材:P15相当の超硬合金(発明品1〜15、比較品1〜7)
被削材:SCM415の2本の溝入り丸棒、
切削速度:150m/min、
送り:0.25mm/rev、
切り込み:1.0mm、
クーラント:使用、
評価項目:試料が欠損、または最大逃げ面摩耗幅が0.3mmに至ったときを工具寿命とし、工具寿命までの加工時間を測定した。また、加工時間が5分における損傷状態を確認した。
基材:P25相当の超硬合金(発明品16、17、比較品8、9)
被削材:SCM415の2本の溝入り丸棒、
切削速度:150m/min、
送り:0.30mm/rev、
切り込み:2.0mm、
クーラント:使用、
評価項目:試料が欠損、または最大逃げ面摩耗幅が0.3mmに至ったときを工具寿命とし、工具寿命までの加工時間を測定した。また、加工時間が5分における損傷状態を確認した。
Claims (6)
- 超硬合金と、該超硬合金の表面上に形成された被覆層とを備える被覆切削工具であって、
前記被覆層の平均厚さが、5.0μm以上30.0μm以下であり、
前記超硬合金において、前記超硬合金の前記表面から前記被覆層とは反対側に向かって20.0μmまでの領域を表面領域とし、前記表面領域の前記被覆層とは反対側の領域を内部領域としたとき、前記表面領域における炭化タングステンのKAM値の平均値と前記内部領域における炭化タングステンのKAM値の平均値とが、下記式(1)で表される条件を満たす、被覆切削工具。
0.00°≦|KAMs−KAMi|≦0.10°・・・(1)
(式(1)中、KAMsは、前記表面領域における炭化タングステンのKAM値の平均値を表し、KAMiは、前記内部領域における炭化タングステンのKAM値の平均値を表す。) - 前記KAMsは、0.35°以上0.55°以下である、請求項1に記載の被覆切削工具。
- 前記KAMiは、0.35°以上0.55°以下である、請求項1又は2に記載の被覆切削工具。
- 前記超硬合金は、結合相を5.0質量%以上12.0質量%以下含む、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の被覆切削工具。
- 前記超硬合金は、Ti、Zr、Hf、V、Nb、Ta、Cr及びMoからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素と、C、N、O及びBからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素とから構成される化合物の1種以上を含む化合物相を含み、
前記化合物相を3.0質量%以上6.0質量%以下含む、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の被覆切削工具。 - 前記被覆層が、前記超硬合金側から順に、下部層と、該下部層の表面上に形成された上部層とを含み、
前記下部層が、1.5μm以上15.0μm以下の平均厚さを有し、
前記下部層が、Tiの炭化物層、Tiの窒化物層、Tiの炭窒化物層、Tiの炭酸化物層及びTiの炭窒酸化物層からなる群より選ばれる1種又は2種以上の層からなるTi化合物層であり、
前記上部層が、1.5μm以上15.0μm以下の平均厚さを有し、
前記上部層が、α型酸化アルミニウムからなるα型酸化アルミニウム層である、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の被覆切削工具。
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