JP6743334B2 - Cemented carbide scissors and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000007749 high velocity oxygen fuel spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000760 Hardened steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000997 High-speed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910009043 WC-Co Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明は超硬合金製鋏及びその製造方法に関し、より具体的には、刃先のみが超硬合金製である超硬合金製鋏及びその製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to cemented carbide scissors and a method for manufacturing the same, and more specifically to cemented carbide scissors in which only a cutting edge is made of cemented carbide and a method for manufacturing the same.
各種鋏には優れた切れ味と耐久性が求められるが、これ等を両立させることは極めて困難である。例えば、比較的切断が容易な紙用の鋏であっても、その切れ味の良さが発揮されるのは使用の初期段階のみであり、それ以後は急速に切れ味が低下してしまう。一方で、代表的な耐摩耗材である超硬合金製とすることで、高性能かつ長寿命な鋏を製造することができるが、超硬合金の大きな比重に起因して鋏が高重量となることに加え、極めて高価な鋏となってしまう。 Various types of scissors are required to have excellent sharpness and durability, but it is extremely difficult to satisfy both requirements. For example, even scissors for paper, which are relatively easy to cut, exhibit good sharpness only in the initial stage of use, and thereafter sharpness is sharply reduced. On the other hand, high-performance and long-life scissors can be manufactured by using cemented carbide, which is a typical wear-resistant material, but the scissors are heavy due to the large specific gravity of cemented carbide. In addition to that, it becomes extremely expensive scissors.
これに対し、例えば、特許文献１（特開平５−６８７５４号公報）では、切刃部と柄部と指輪部とからなる鋏半体を一対軸部材で結合してなる鋏において、切刃部を地鉄部と刃金部とから構成し、切刃部の刃金部を刃物材料から形成し、地鉄部と柄部と指輪部をチタンまたはチタン合金から形成し、刃金部は地鉄部に対してろう付けされている鋏であって、刃金部にはステンレス鋼、超硬合金、粉末ハイス等の高硬度の刃物材料が用いられた鋏が開示されている。 On the other hand, for example, in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-68754), in the scissors formed by joining the scissor halves including the cutting blade portion, the handle portion, and the ring portion with a pair of shaft members, the cutting blade portion Consists of a base metal part and a blade part, the blade part of the cutting edge part is made of a blade material, the base metal part, the handle part and the ring part are made of titanium or a titanium alloy, and the blade part is There is disclosed scissors brazed to an iron part, in which a blade material having a high hardness blade material such as stainless steel, cemented carbide, and powdered high speed steel is used.
上記特許文献１の鋏においては、刃金部を刃物材料から形成することで切れ味を良好とし、その他の部分をチタンまたはチタン合金から形成することで軽量化することができる、としている。 In the scissors of Patent Document 1, the sharpness is improved by forming the blade portion from a blade material, and the weight can be reduced by forming the other portion from titanium or a titanium alloy.
また、特許文献２（特開平５−２７７８２５号公報）においても、刃先をセラミックス又は超硬合金で形成した切断用工具が開示されており、刃先をセラミックス又は超硬合金とすることで、金属線や金属板等の硬質材料を能率良く切断でき、耐久性にも優れた切断工具が得られる、としている。 Further, Patent Document 2 (JP-A-5-277825) also discloses a cutting tool having a cutting edge made of ceramics or cemented carbide, and by using the cutting edge made of ceramics or cemented carbide, a metal wire is formed. It is said that a cutting tool that can efficiently cut hard materials such as metal sheets and metal plates and that has excellent durability can be obtained.
上記特許文献１及び特許文献２に開示されている鋏においては、超硬合金等の硬質材が金属部にろう付け等で接合されているため、接合強度が十分でない場合があることに加えて、金属部のしなやかさを活用することができない。より具体的には、鋏は相対する２枚の刃をすりあわせて対象物をはさみ切る道具であり、殆ど撓まないバルク状の硬質材を刃先に用いて良質な切れ味を発現することは極めて困難である。 In the scissors disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 described above, since the hard material such as cemented carbide is bonded to the metal portion by brazing or the like, the bonding strength may not be sufficient. , The suppleness of the metal part cannot be utilized. More specifically, scissors are a tool that cuts an object by rubbing two opposing blades together, and it is extremely difficult to develop good sharpness by using a bulky hard material that hardly bends at the cutting edge. Have difficulty.
以上のような従来技術における問題点に鑑み、本発明の目的は、優れた機械的特性を有する超硬合金製の刃先部が金属基材に強固に接合された超硬合金製鋏であって、超硬合金の耐摩耗性と金属基材のしなやかさを両立可能な超硬合金製鋏、及びその安価かつ簡便な製造方法を提供することにある。 In view of the problems in the prior art as described above, an object of the present invention is a cemented carbide scissors in which a cemented carbide cutting edge portion having excellent mechanical properties is strongly bonded to a metal substrate. Another object of the present invention is to provide a cemented carbide scissor capable of satisfying both the wear resistance of the cemented carbide and the suppleness of the metal base material, and an inexpensive and simple manufacturing method thereof.
本発明者は上記目的を達成すべく、刃先のみを超硬合金製とする鋏の製造方法について鋭意研究を重ねた結果、最終的に刃先となる金属板の任意の領域に、摩擦攪拌プロセスを用いて改質した溶射超硬合金被膜を形成させること等が極めて有効であることを見出し、本発明に到達した。 In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present inventor has conducted extensive research on a method of manufacturing scissors in which only the cutting edge is made of a cemented carbide, and finally, in any region of the metal plate to be the cutting edge, a friction stir process is performed. The inventors have found that it is extremely effective to form a sprayed cemented carbide coating film that has been modified by using the same, and arrived at the present invention.
即ち、本発明は、
一方の金属板に凹部を形成する第一工程と、
前記凹部に前記金属板の表面と略同一の高さまで溶射超硬合金被膜を形成する第二工程と、
前記溶射超硬合金被膜の少なくとも一部に摩擦攪拌プロセスを施し、改質部を形成する第三工程と、
前記改質部が少なくとも刃先の一部となるように、前記金属板を鋏形状に加工する第四工程と、を含むこと、
を特徴とする超硬合金製鋏の製造方法を提供する。
That is, the present invention is
A first step of forming a recess in one of the metal plates,
A second step of forming a sprayed cemented carbide coating film in the recess to a height substantially the same as the surface of the metal plate,
A third step of performing a friction stir process on at least a part of the sprayed cemented carbide coating to form a modified portion,
A fourth step of processing the metal plate into a scissor shape so that the modified portion becomes at least a part of the cutting edge,
There is provided a method of manufacturing cemented carbide scissors.
第一工程で形成させた凹部に対して溶射（第二工程）を施すことで、安価かつ効率的に超硬合金被膜を形成させることができる。また、第三工程で用いる摩擦攪拌プロセスも円筒状のツールを回転させながら超硬合金被膜に圧入して移動させる簡便なプロセスであり、比較的容易に溶射超硬合金被膜の緻密化、金属結合相のナノ組織化及び金属板との接合強度向上を達成することができる。なお、摩擦攪拌プロセス中の材料流動及び入熱によって、溶射超硬合金被膜と金属板とは、冶金的に接合される。 By performing thermal spraying (second step) on the recess formed in the first step, the cemented carbide coating can be formed inexpensively and efficiently. In addition, the friction stir process used in the third step is also a simple process in which the cylindrical tool is pressed into the cemented carbide coating while rotating and moved, and it is relatively easy to densify the sprayed cemented carbide coating and to bond the metal. It is possible to achieve nano-structuring of phases and improvement of bonding strength with a metal plate. The thermal sprayed cemented carbide coating and the metal plate are metallurgically joined by the material flow and heat input during the friction stir process.
また、第四工程において、第三工程で改質された溶射超硬合金被膜が刃先となるように、改質部を有する金属板を加工し、刃先の研磨等の一般的な後処理を加えることで超硬合金製鋏を得ることができる。ここで、第三工程における摩擦攪拌プロセスによって溶射超硬合金被膜の機械的特性及び金属板との接合強度が向上していることから、刃先となる改質部が加工プロセス中に剥離・破損等することなく、良好な鋏を製造することができる。また、溶射超硬合金被膜は薄いことに加えて金属板と冶金的に接合されていることから、金属板の有する弾性を十分に発現することができる。 Further, in the fourth step, the metal plate having the modified portion is processed so that the thermal sprayed cemented carbide coating film modified in the third step becomes the cutting edge, and general post-treatment such as polishing of the cutting edge is added. Thus, cemented carbide scissors can be obtained. Here, since the mechanical properties of the sprayed cemented carbide coating and the bonding strength with the metal plate are improved by the friction stir process in the third step, the modified portion that becomes the cutting edge peels off or breaks during the processing process. Good scissors can be manufactured without doing so. Further, since the sprayed cemented carbide coating is thin and is metallurgically bonded to the metal plate, the elasticity of the metal plate can be sufficiently exhibited.
また、本発明の超硬合金製鋏は、前記刃先の全てを前記改質部とすること、が好ましい。本発明の超硬合金製鋏は、溶射超硬合金被膜の改質部が刃先となっており、当該改質部は一定の領域を有していることから、刃先が曲線となっている場合であっても、当該刃先の全てを改質部とすることができる。 Further, in the cemented carbide scissors of the present invention, it is preferable that all of the cutting edges be the modified portion. In the cemented carbide scissors of the present invention, the modified portion of the sprayed cemented carbide coating is the cutting edge, and since the modified portion has a certain area, the cutting edge is curved. However, all of the cutting edges can be used as the modified portion.
また、本発明の超硬合金製鋏の製造方法においては、前記第二工程において、高速フレーム溶射を用いること、が好ましい。溶射超硬合金被膜の形成に高速フレーム溶射を用いることで、溶射超硬合金被膜に空孔やラメラ界面等の欠陥が適度に導入され、第三工程における摩擦攪拌プロセスによる材料流動が容易になる。その結果、摩擦攪拌プロセスに用いるツールの長寿命化を図ることができる。 Further, in the method for manufacturing cemented carbide scissors of the present invention, it is preferable to use high-speed flame spraying in the second step. By using high-velocity flame spraying to form the sprayed cemented carbide coating, defects such as pores and lamella interfaces are appropriately introduced into the sprayed cemented carbide coating, facilitating material flow by the friction stir process in the third step. .. As a result, it is possible to extend the life of the tool used in the friction stir process.
更に、本発明の超硬合金製鋏の製造方法においては、前記第三工程の後、前記改質部を含む前記金属板の表面を研磨すること、が好ましい。第三工程の摩擦攪拌プロセスによって金属板及び溶射超硬合金被膜の表面にツールマークやバリ等に起因する凹凸が形成されるため、研磨によって当該凹凸を低減することで、第四工程における加工を精度よく施すことができる。 Further, in the method for producing cemented carbide scissors of the present invention, it is preferable that after the third step, the surface of the metal plate including the modified portion is polished. The friction stir process of the third step forms irregularities due to tool marks, burrs, etc. on the surface of the metal plate and the sprayed cemented carbide coating.By reducing the irregularities by polishing, the machining in the fourth step is performed. Can be applied accurately.
また、本発明は、
刃先部と本体部からなる超硬合金製鋏であって、
前記刃先部は超硬合金製であり、
前記本体部は金属製であり、
前記刃先部と前記本体部とは冶金的に接合されていること、
を特徴とする超硬合金製鋏、も提供する。
Further, the present invention is
Cemented carbide scissors consisting of a blade and a body,
The cutting edge is made of cemented carbide,
The main body is made of metal,
The cutting edge portion and the main body portion are metallurgically joined,
We also provide cemented carbide scissors.
本発明の超硬合金製鋏は、刃先部のみが超硬合金製であることから、全てを超硬合金製とする場合と比較して材料コストが大幅に低減されている。また、本体部と刃先部は冶金的に接合されており、刃物の使用に対して十分な接合強度及び耐久性等を有している。また、溶射超硬合金被膜は薄いことに加えて金属板と冶金的に接合されていることから、金属板の有する弾性を十分に発現することができる。ここで、本発明の超硬合金製鋏においては、刃先の全てが超硬合金製であることが好ましい。 Since the cemented carbide scissors of the present invention have only the blade edge made of cemented carbide, the material cost is significantly reduced as compared with the case where all are made of cemented carbide. Further, the main body portion and the cutting edge portion are metallurgically joined, and have sufficient joining strength and durability for use of a cutting tool. Further, since the sprayed cemented carbide coating is thin and is metallurgically bonded to the metal plate, the elasticity of the metal plate can be sufficiently exhibited. Here, in the cemented carbide scissors of the present invention, all of the cutting edges are preferably made of cemented carbide.
本発明の超硬合金製鋏は、前記刃先部の超硬合金に含まれる結合相の平均結晶粒径が１μｍ以下であること、が好ましい。結合相の平均結晶粒系が１μｍ以下とナノ組織化していることで、刃先部は靭性を損なうことなく高硬度化が達成されている。 The cemented carbide scissors of the present invention preferably have an average crystal grain size of the binder phase contained in the cemented carbide of the cutting edge portion of 1 μm or less. Since the average crystal grain size of the binder phase is 1 μm or less and has a nanostructure, the blade edge portion achieves high hardness without impairing toughness.
また、本発明の超硬合金製鋏は、前記本体部が鋼製であり、前記本体部の略全体が前記鋼の略焼入れ硬度を有していること、が好ましい。本体部を鋼製とすることで安価となり、本体部の略全体が焼入れされていることで、刃物として要求される適度な剛性等が付与されている。 Further, in the cemented carbide scissors of the present invention, it is preferable that the main body portion is made of steel, and substantially the entire main body portion has substantially the quenching hardness of the steel. Since the main body is made of steel, it is inexpensive, and since the entire main body is hardened, appropriate rigidity and the like required as a blade is imparted.
更に、本発明の超硬合金製鋏は、前記結合相がコバルト系結合相である場合の前記刃先部のビッカース硬度が１８００ＨＶ以上であり、前記結合相がニッケル系結合相である場合の前記刃先部のビッカース硬度が１４００ＨＶ以上であること、が好ましい。刃先部の硬度がこれらの値を有することで、使用中の摩耗が抑制されており、長寿命化が達成されている。 Further, the cemented carbide scissors of the present invention has a Vickers hardness of the cutting edge portion of 1800 HV or more when the binding phase is a cobalt binding phase, and the cutting edge when the binding phase is a nickel binding phase. The Vickers hardness of the part is preferably 1400 HV or more. When the hardness of the blade edge has these values, wear during use is suppressed and a longer life is achieved.
なお、本発明の超硬合金製鋏は、本発明の超硬合金製鋏の製造方法によって好適に製造することができる。 The cemented carbide scissors of the present invention can be suitably manufactured by the method for manufacturing cemented carbide scissors of the present invention.
本発明によれば、優れた機械的特性を有する超硬合金製の刃先部が金属基材に強固に接合された超硬合金製鋏であって、超硬合金の耐摩耗性と金属基材のしなやかさを両立可能な超硬合金製鋏、及びその安価かつ簡便な製造方法を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, a cemented carbide scissor in which a cutting edge made of cemented carbide having excellent mechanical properties is strongly bonded to a metal substrate, and the wear resistance of the cemented carbide and the metal substrate It is possible to provide a cemented carbide scissors capable of achieving both flexibility and an inexpensive and simple manufacturing method thereof.
以下、図面を参照しながら本発明の超硬合金製鋏及びその製造方法の代表的な実施形態について詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらのみに限定されるものではない。なお、以下の説明では、同一または相当部分には同一符号を付し、重複する説明は省略する場合がある。また、図面は、本発明を概念的に説明するためのものであるから、表された各構成要素の寸法やそれらの比は実際のものとは異なる場合もある。ここで、鋏は切刃部と柄部と指輪部とからなる鋏半体を一対軸部材で結合してなるものであるが、以下の説明においては基本的に半体に着目して説明する。 Hereinafter, representative embodiments of the cemented carbide scissors and the method for producing the same according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In the following description, the same or corresponding parts will be denoted by the same reference symbols, and redundant description may be omitted. Further, since the drawings are for conceptually explaining the present invention, the dimensions of the components shown and the ratios thereof may differ from the actual ones. Here, the scissors are ones in which a pair of scissors consisting of a cutting blade portion, a handle portion, and a ring portion are connected by a pair of shaft members, but in the following description, the half body is basically focused and described. ..
（Ａ）超硬合金製鋏の製造方法
図１に、本発明の超硬合金製鋏の製造方法に関する工程図を示す。本発明の超硬合金製鋏の製造方法は、金属板に凹部を形成する第一工程（Ｓ０１）と、金属板の凹部に溶射超硬合金被膜を形成させる第二工程（Ｓ０２）と、溶射超硬合金被膜の少なくとも一部に摩擦攪拌プロセスを施し、改質部を形成する第三工程（Ｓ０３）と、改質部が少なくとも刃先の一部となるように、金属板を鋏形状に加工する第四工程（Ｓ０４）と、を含んでいる。以下、各工程について詳細に説明する。
(A) Method for manufacturing cemented carbide scissors FIG. 1 shows a process diagram relating to a method for manufacturing cemented carbide scissors of the present invention. The method for producing cemented carbide scissors of the present invention comprises a first step (S01) of forming a recess in a metal plate, a second step (S02) of forming a thermal sprayed cemented carbide coating film in the recess of the metal plate, and a thermal spraying process. At least a part of the cemented carbide coating is subjected to a friction stir process to form a modified portion (S03), and the metal plate is processed into a scissor shape so that the modified portion becomes at least a part of the cutting edge. And a fourth step (S04). Hereinafter, each step will be described in detail.
（１）第一工程（Ｓ０１：凹部の形成）
第一工程（Ｓ０１）は、金属板の表面に凹部を形成させる工程である。凹部を形成させる方法は特に限定されず、従来公知の種々の切削加工等を用いることができる。
(1) First step (S01: formation of recess)
The first step (S01) is a step of forming recesses on the surface of the metal plate. The method for forming the recess is not particularly limited, and various conventionally known cutting processes and the like can be used.
図２に第一工程の模式図を示す。金属板２の任意の領域に形成させる凹部４の大きさ及び形状は、所望する溶射超硬合金被膜の厚さ及び形状等によって決定すればよいが、深さＨは１００〜１０００μｍとすることが好ましい。 FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the first step. The size and shape of the concave portion 4 formed in an arbitrary region of the metal plate 2 may be determined according to the desired thickness and shape of the sprayed cemented carbide coating, and the depth H is 100 to 1000 μm. preferable.
凹部４を形成させる位置は、最終的に超硬合金製鋏の刃先となる位置とすればよい。また、凹部４の幅Ｗが刃先の後退可能領域となることから、当該幅Ｗは刃先の形状及び想定される使用期間等によって決定すればよい。 The position where the concave portion 4 is formed may be a position where the cutting edge of the cemented carbide scissors is finally formed. Further, since the width W of the concave portion 4 becomes the retractable area of the cutting edge, the width W may be determined according to the shape of the cutting edge, the expected usage period, and the like.
金属板２の種類は特に限定されず、従来公知の種々の金属材を用いることができるが、鋼を用いることが好ましく、焼き入れした鋼を用いることがより好ましい。金属板２を鋼とすることで安価となり、焼き入れした鋼を用いることで、鋏として要求される適度な剛性等を付与することができる。 The type of the metal plate 2 is not particularly limited, and various conventionally known metal materials can be used, but it is preferable to use steel, and it is more preferable to use quenched steel. When the metal plate 2 is made of steel, the cost is low, and by using the hardened steel, it is possible to impart appropriate rigidity and the like required as scissors.
（２）第二工程（Ｓ０２：溶射超硬合金被膜の形成）
第二工程（Ｓ０２）は、溶射を用いて金属板２の凹部４に超硬合金被膜を形成させる工程である。図３に第二工程の模式図を示す。
(2) Second step (S02: formation of sprayed cemented carbide coating)
The second step (S02) is a step of forming a cemented carbide coating film on the concave portion 4 of the metal plate 2 by using thermal spraying. FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the second step.
金属板２の表面に形成させる溶射超硬合金被膜６の厚さは、金属板２の表面と略同一となるようにすることが好ましい。つまり、溶射超硬合金被膜６の厚さは第一工程（Ｓ０１）にて形成させた凹部４の深さＨによって決定されるが、例えば、１００〜１０００μｍとすることが好ましい。溶射超硬合金被膜６の厚さを１００〜１０００μｍとすることで、第三工程（Ｓ０３）における摩擦攪拌プロセスによって膜厚方向に十分に攪拌することができると共に、金属板２と溶射超硬合金被膜６との接合強度を効率的に向上させることができる。 The thickness of the sprayed cemented carbide coating 6 formed on the surface of the metal plate 2 is preferably set to be substantially the same as the surface of the metal plate 2. That is, the thickness of the sprayed cemented carbide coating 6 is determined by the depth H of the recess 4 formed in the first step (S01), but is preferably 100 to 1000 μm, for example. By setting the thickness of the sprayed cemented carbide coating 6 to 100 to 1000 μm, it is possible to sufficiently stir in the film thickness direction by the friction stir process in the third step (S03), and at the same time, the metal plate 2 and the sprayed cemented carbide. The bonding strength with the coating 6 can be efficiently improved.
溶射方法は特に限定されず、ガス燃焼エネルギーや電気エネルギー（プラズマ、アーク等）を利用した各種溶射法を用いることができる。具体的には、ガスフレーム溶射、高速ガスフレーム溶射（ＨＶＯＦ）、アーク溶射、プラズマ溶射、減圧プラズマ溶射（ＶＰＳ）等を用いることができる。ここで、第三工程（Ｓ０３）における摩擦攪拌プロセスを容易にする観点から、摩擦攪拌プロセス中の材料流動を促進する空孔やラメラ界面を溶射超硬合金被膜に適度に導入できる高速フレーム溶射（ＨＶＯＦ）を用いることが好ましい。 The thermal spraying method is not particularly limited, and various thermal spraying methods using gas combustion energy or electric energy (plasma, arc, etc.) can be used. Specifically, gas flame spraying, high speed gas flame spraying (HVOF), arc spraying, plasma spraying, reduced pressure plasma spraying (VPS) and the like can be used. Here, from the viewpoint of facilitating the friction stir process in the third step (S03), high-speed flame spraying capable of appropriately introducing pores and lamella interfaces that promote material flow during the friction stir process into the sprayed cemented carbide coating ( HVOF) is preferably used.
更に、溶射超硬合金被膜６の種類も特に限定されず、従来公知の種々の組成を有する超硬合金を用いることができ、例えば、コバルト系又はニッケル系の金属結合相を有する超硬合金を用いることができる。 Further, the type of the sprayed cemented carbide coating 6 is not particularly limited, and cemented carbides having various conventionally known compositions can be used. For example, cemented carbide having a cobalt-based or nickel-based metal bonding phase can be used. Can be used.
（３）第三工程（Ｓ０３：摩擦攪拌プロセス）
第三工程（Ｓ０３）は、第二工程（Ｓ０２）で形成させた溶射超硬合金被膜６の少なくとも一部に摩擦攪拌プロセスを施し、改質部を形成する行程である。
(3) Third step (S03: friction stir process)
The third step (S03) is a step of performing a friction stir process on at least a part of the sprayed cemented carbide coating 6 formed in the second step (S02) to form a modified portion.
摩擦攪拌プロセスは、１９９１年に英国のＴＷＩ（ＴｈｅＷｅｌｄｉｎｇ Ｉｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅ）で考案された接合技術である摩擦攪拌接合法を、金属材の表面改質法として応用したものである。摩擦攪拌接合は高速で回転する円柱状のツールを接合したい領域に圧入（ツール底面にプローブと呼ばれる突起を有しており、該プローブが圧入される）し、摩擦熱によって軟化した被接合材を攪拌しながら接合したい方向に走査することで接合を達成する技術である。回転するツールによって攪拌された領域は一般的に攪拌部と呼ばれ、接合条件によっては材料の均質化および結晶粒径の減少に伴う機械的特性の向上がもたらされる。摩擦攪拌による材料の均質化および結晶粒径の減少に伴う機械的特性の向上を表面改質として用いる技術が摩擦攪拌プロセスであり、近年広く研究の対象になっている。なお、本発明で用いる摩擦攪拌プロセス用ツールの底面には、必ずしもプローブを有している必要はなく、プローブを有さない所謂フラットツールを用いることができる。 The friction stir process is an application of the friction stir welding method, which is a welding technology devised by the TWI (The Welding Institute) in the United Kingdom in 1991, as a surface modification method for metal materials. In friction stir welding, a cylindrical tool that rotates at high speed is press-fitted into a region where welding is desired (a protrusion called a probe is provided on the bottom surface of the tool, and the probe is press-fitted), and the workpiece to be softened by friction heat is removed. This is a technique for achieving joining by scanning in a desired joining direction while stirring. The area agitated by the rotating tool is commonly referred to as the agitator and, depending on the joining conditions, brings about homogenization of the material and an increase in the mechanical properties with a reduction in the grain size. Friction stir process is a technique that uses homogenization of material by friction stir and improvement of mechanical properties accompanied with decrease of crystal grain size as surface modification, and has been widely studied in recent years. The tool for the friction stir process used in the present invention does not necessarily have a probe on the bottom surface, and a so-called flat tool without a probe can be used.
図４に第三工程（Ｓ０３）における摩擦攪拌プロセスの模式図を示す。高速回転する円筒状の摩擦攪拌プロセス用ツール８を金属板２の表面に形成させた溶射超硬合金被膜６に圧入し、摩擦攪拌プロセス用ツール８を任意の方向に移動させることで、溶射超硬合金被膜６に改質領域１０を形成することができる。なお、摩擦攪拌プロセス用ツール８を圧入後、移動させることなく引き抜いた場合には、摩擦攪拌プロセス用ツール８の底面形状に対応した改質領域１０が得られる。摩擦攪拌プロセス用ツール８で攪拌された領域には材料流動が生じ、溶射超硬合金被膜６に存在する空隙等の欠陥を消失させると共に結合相の結晶粒を微細化することができる。 FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the friction stir process in the third step (S03). A cylindrical friction stir processing tool 8 rotating at a high speed is press-fitted into the sprayed cemented carbide coating 6 formed on the surface of the metal plate 2, and the friction stir processing tool 8 is moved in an arbitrary direction, thereby making The modified region 10 can be formed in the hard alloy coating 6. When the tool 8 for friction stir processing is pressed and then withdrawn without moving, a modified region 10 corresponding to the bottom shape of the tool 8 for friction stir processing is obtained. Material flow occurs in the area stirred by the friction stir processing tool 8, and defects such as voids existing in the sprayed cemented carbide coating 6 can be eliminated and the crystal grains of the binder phase can be made finer.
また、摩擦攪拌プロセス時に発生する材料流動および入熱により、溶射超硬合金被膜６と金属板２とは冶金的に接合される。加えて、改質された溶射超硬合金被膜６と金属板２との接合界面近傍において、金属板２の硬度は摩擦攪拌プロセス前よりも高くなる。また、溶射超硬合金被膜６は薄いことに加えて金属板２と冶金的に接合されていることから、金属板２の有する弾性を十分に発現することができる。 Further, the thermal sprayed cemented carbide coating 6 and the metal plate 2 are metallurgically joined by the material flow and heat input generated during the friction stir process. In addition, the hardness of the metal plate 2 becomes higher in the vicinity of the joint interface between the modified sprayed cemented carbide coating 6 and the metal plate 2 than before the friction stir process. Further, since the sprayed cemented carbide coating 6 is thin and is metallurgically bonded to the metal plate 2, the elasticity of the metal plate 2 can be sufficiently exhibited.
摩擦攪拌プロセス用ツール８には、溶射超硬合金被膜６よりも機械的特性（硬度、耐熱衝撃性および摩擦攪拌プロセス時の温度における変形抵抗等）に優れたものを使用することができる。摩擦攪拌プロセス時に摩擦攪拌プロセス用ツール８の破片が溶射超硬合金被膜６に混入する場合を考慮すると、摩擦攪拌プロセス用ツール８は超硬合金製であることが好ましい。超硬合金製の摩擦攪拌プロセス用ツール８は溶射超硬合金被膜６よりも機械的特性に優れたものを使用する必要があり、例えば、溶射超硬合金被膜６よりも高硬度のものを選択する必要がある。 As the friction stir process tool 8, a tool having better mechanical properties (hardness, thermal shock resistance, deformation resistance at the temperature during the friction stir process, etc.) than the sprayed cemented carbide coating 6 can be used. Considering the case where the fragments of the friction stir processing tool 8 are mixed into the thermal sprayed cemented carbide coating 6 during the friction stir processing, the friction stir processing tool 8 is preferably made of cemented carbide. The friction stir processing tool 8 made of cemented carbide needs to use a tool having better mechanical properties than the sprayed cemented carbide coating 6, for example, a tool having a hardness higher than the sprayed cemented carbide coating 6 is selected. There is a need to.
摩擦攪拌プロセスの主要なプロセスパラメータとしては、ツール回転速度、ツール移動速度及びツール荷重等を挙げることができる。これらのプロセスパラメータは、溶射超硬合金被膜６の種類及び厚さや、所望する改質領域の大きさ及び硬度上昇の程度等に応じて適宜設定すればよい。 Major process parameters of the friction stir process include a tool rotation speed, a tool movement speed, a tool load, and the like. These process parameters may be appropriately set according to the type and thickness of the sprayed cemented carbide coating 6, the desired size of the modified region, the degree of hardness increase, and the like.
（４）第四工程（Ｓ０４：鋏形状への加工）
第四工程（Ｓ０４）は、摩擦攪拌プロセスによって得られた超硬合金製鋏前駆体に加工を施して刃物形状とする工程である。
(4) Fourth step (S04: processing into scissors shape)
The fourth step (S04) is a step in which the cemented carbide scissors precursor obtained by the friction stir process is processed into a blade shape.
図５に第四工程（Ｓ０４）における加工の模式図を示す。改質部１０が刃先となるように超硬合金製鋏前駆体１４を加工し、従来一般的な態様で各部品を組み立てることで、刃先が超硬合金製の超硬合金製鋏１８を得ることができる。ここで、加工方法は特に限定されず、従来公知の種々の切削加工及び放電加工や研磨等を用いることができる。 FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of processing in the fourth step (S04). The cemented carbide scissors precursor 14 is processed so that the modified portion 10 serves as a cutting edge, and each component is assembled in a conventional manner to obtain a cemented carbide scissors 18 having a cutting edge made of cemented carbide. be able to. Here, the processing method is not particularly limited, and various conventionally known cutting processes, electric discharge processes, polishing, and the like can be used.
通常、溶射超硬合金被膜６には欠陥が存在することに加え、溶射超硬合金被膜６と金属板２との接合強度も十分ではないため、溶射超硬合金被膜６を有する金属板２を切断等すると溶射超硬合金被膜６の剥離や欠け等が生じてしまう。これに対し、本発明の超硬合金製刃物の製造方法では第三工程（Ｓ０３）における摩擦攪拌プロセスによって溶射超硬合金被膜６の機械的特性及び金属板２との接合強度が向上していることから、刃先となる改質部１０が切断プロセス中に剥離・破損等することなく、良好な超硬合金製鋏１８を製造することができる。 Usually, in addition to the presence of defects in the sprayed cemented carbide coating 6, the bonding strength between the sprayed cemented carbide coating 6 and the metal plate 2 is not sufficient. If cut or the like, the sprayed cemented carbide coating 6 may be peeled off or chipped. On the other hand, in the method for manufacturing a cemented carbide blade according to the present invention, the friction stir process in the third step (S03) improves the mechanical properties of the thermal sprayed cemented carbide coating 6 and the bonding strength with the metal plate 2. Therefore, it is possible to manufacture the excellent cemented carbide scissors 18 without the modified portion 10 serving as the cutting edge peeling off or breaking during the cutting process.
金属板２を切断した後、形状の微修正や刃立て等を行うことで超硬合金製鋏１８を得ることができる。なお、上述の通り、改質領域１０における溶射超硬合金被膜は優れた機械的特性を有していることから、刃欠け等を生じることなく鋭い刃先を形成することができる。 After cutting the metal plate 2, the cemented carbide scissors 18 can be obtained by finely modifying the shape or cutting. As described above, since the thermal sprayed cemented carbide coating in the modified region 10 has excellent mechanical properties, it is possible to form a sharp cutting edge without causing chipping or the like.
（Ｂ）超硬合金製鋏
図６に本発明の超硬合金製鋏の一態様を示す外観図を示す。超硬合金製鋏１８は本体部２０と刃先部２２とを有し、刃先部２２のみが超硬合金製となっている。なお、本発明の超硬合金製鋏１８は、本発明の超硬合金製鋏の製造方法によって好適に得ることができる。
(B) Cemented Carbide Scissors FIG. 6 is an external view showing one embodiment of the cemented carbide scissors of the present invention. The cemented carbide scissors 18 have a main body portion 20 and a blade edge portion 22, and only the blade edge portion 22 is made of cemented carbide. The cemented carbide scissors 18 of the present invention can be suitably obtained by the method for manufacturing the cemented carbide scissors of the present invention.
刃先部２２は改質領域１０となっている。改質領域１０に含まれる結合相の結晶粒は微細化されており、平均結晶粒径が１μｍ以下であることが好ましい。 The cutting edge portion 22 is the modified region 10. It is preferable that the crystal grains of the binder phase included in the modified region 10 are made fine and the average crystal grain size is 1 μm or less.
また、溶射超硬合金被膜６に存在する空隙等の欠陥は摩擦攪拌プロセス等によって消失し、改質領域１０に含まれる欠陥は大幅に低減されている。加えて、溶射超硬合金被膜６と本体部２０とは冶金的に接合されており、溶射超硬合金被膜６と本体部２０（金属板２）との接合界面近傍において、本体部２０（金属板２）の硬度は他の領域と比較して高くなっている。 Further, defects such as voids existing in the sprayed cemented carbide coating 6 are eliminated by the friction stir process or the like, and the defects contained in the modified region 10 are greatly reduced. In addition, the thermal sprayed cemented carbide coating 6 and the main body 20 are metallurgically bonded together, and the main body 20 (metal) is formed near the bonding interface between the thermal sprayed cemented carbide coating 6 and the main body 20 (metal plate 2). The hardness of the plate 2) is higher than in other areas.
以上、本発明の超硬合金製鋏及びその製造方法の代表的な実施形態について説明したが、本発明はこれらのみに限定されるものではなく、種々の設計変更が可能であり、それら設計変更は全て本発明の技術的範囲に含まれる。 Although the typical embodiments of the cemented carbide scissors and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to these and various design changes can be made, and the design changes can be made. Are all included in the technical scope of the present invention.
板厚２ｍｍのＳＫＤ１１板材の表面に深さ０．５ｍｍ、幅８ｍｍの凹部を形成し（第一工程：Ｓ０１）、当該凹部に対して高速フレーム溶射を施し、ＳＫＤ１１板材の表面と略同一となるように溶射超硬合金被膜を形成させた（第二工程：Ｓ０２）。原料粉末にはガスアトマイズ法で製造された平均粒径４０μｍのＷＣ−１２ｍａｓｓ％Ｎｉ粒子を用いた。 A recess having a depth of 0.5 mm and a width of 8 mm is formed on the surface of the SKD11 plate material having a plate thickness of 2 mm (first step: S01), and the recess is subjected to high-speed flame spraying to be substantially the same as the surface of the SKD11 plate material. Thus, a sprayed cemented carbide coating was formed (second step: S02). As the raw material powder, WC-12 mass% Ni particles having an average particle diameter of 40 μm, which were manufactured by a gas atomizing method were used.
次に、溶射超硬合金被膜に対して摩擦攪拌プロセスを施して改質部を形成させ、超硬合金製鋏前駆体を得た（第三工程：Ｓ０３）。摩擦攪拌プロセスには直径が１２ｍｍの円柱形状をした超硬合金（ＷＣ−Ｃｏ）製のツールを用い、６００ｒｐｍの速度で回転する該ツールを３４００ｋｇの荷重で溶射超硬合金被膜に圧入させた。ツールの移動速度は５０ｍｍ／ｍｉｎとし、アルゴンガスをフローさせることでツールおよび試料の酸化を防止した。 Next, the sprayed cemented carbide coating was subjected to a friction stir process to form a modified portion to obtain a cemented carbide scissor precursor (third step: S03). A tool made of a cemented carbide (WC-Co) having a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 12 mm was used for the friction stir process, and the tool rotating at a speed of 600 rpm was pressed into the sprayed cemented carbide coating with a load of 3400 kg. The moving speed of the tool was 50 mm/min, and argon gas was flowed to prevent the tool and the sample from being oxidized.
超硬合金製鋏前駆体の概観写真を図８に示す。板材中央部のコントラストの異なる領域が摩擦攪拌プロセス後に研磨処理を施した改質部であり、良好な改質部が広範囲に形成されていることが分かる。 FIG. 8 shows an overview photograph of the cemented carbide scissors precursor. It can be seen that the regions having different contrasts in the central portion of the plate material are the modified portions subjected to the polishing treatment after the friction stir process, and the favorable modified portions are formed in a wide range.
次に、溶射超硬合金被膜の改質部が刃先となるように超硬合金製鋏前駆体を加工し、超硬合金製鋏を得た（第四工程：Ｓ０４）。超硬合金製鋏前駆体と超硬合金製鋏（半体）の位置関係を図９に示す。切削加工及び研磨により刃先部を形成させたが、改質部に剥離及び欠け等の欠陥は認められなかった。 Next, the cemented carbide scissors precursor was processed so that the modified portion of the thermal sprayed cemented carbide coating film became the cutting edge, and cemented carbide scissors were obtained (fourth step: S04). The positional relationship between the cemented carbide scissors precursor and the cemented carbide scissors (half body) is shown in FIG. Although the cutting edge portion was formed by cutting and polishing, no defects such as peeling and chipping were found in the modified portion.
以上の結果より、本発明の超硬合金製鋏の製造方法によって、優れた機械的特性を有する超硬合金製の刃先部が金属基材に強固に接合された本発明の超硬合金製鋏を、安価かつ簡便に製造できることが確認できる。 From the above results, by the method for producing cemented carbide scissors of the present invention, the cemented carbide scissors of the present invention in which the cemented carbide cutting edge having excellent mechanical properties is strongly bonded to the metal substrate. It can be confirmed that can be manufactured inexpensively and easily.
２・・・金属板、
４・・・凹部、
６・・・溶射超硬合金被膜、
８・・・摩擦攪拌プロセス用ツール、
１０・・・改質領域、
１４・・・超硬合金製鋏、
１８・・・超硬合金製鋏、
２０・・・本体部、
２２・・・刃先部。
2... metal plate,
4... recess,
6... Sprayed cemented carbide coating,
8... Tool for friction stir processing,
10: modified area,
14...Cemented carbide scissors,
18...Cemented carbide scissors,
20...main body,
22... Cutting edge part.
Claims (3)
前記凹部に前記金属板の表面と略同一の高さまで溶射超硬合金被膜を形成する第二工程と、
前記溶射超硬合金被膜の少なくとも一部に摩擦攪拌プロセスを施し、改質部を形成する第三工程と、
前記改質部が少なくとも刃先の一部となるように、前記金属板を鋏形状に加工する第四工程と、を含むこと、
を特徴とする超硬合金製鋏の製造方法。 A first step of forming a recess in one of the metal plates,
A second step of forming a sprayed cemented carbide coating film in the recess to a height substantially the same as the surface of the metal plate,
A third step of performing a friction stir process on at least a part of the sprayed cemented carbide coating to form a modified portion,
A fourth step of processing the metal plate into a scissor shape so that the modified portion becomes at least a part of the cutting edge,
A method of manufacturing cemented carbide scissors.
を特徴とする請求項１に記載の超硬合金製鋏の製造方法。 Using all of the cutting edges as the reforming section,
The method for manufacturing the cemented carbide scissors according to claim 1.
を特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の超硬合金製鋏の製造方法。 Using high speed flame spraying in the second step,
The method for manufacturing the cemented carbide scissors according to claim 1 or 2.
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