JP6732618B2 - Surveying device and surveying method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a surveying device, and more particularly, to a surveying device and a surveying method for collimating a target provided on a pin pole to perform surveying.

In a surveying device such as a total station, a survey is performed by setting a pin pole at a measurement point and measuring a distance and an angle to a target provided on the pin pole.

Generally, the pin pole is held by an operator or a jig so that it is erected vertically using a level such as a bubble tube, but since it is installed by a person, it may be tilted to some extent. I will end up. If the pin pole is installed in a tilted position, the position of the target provided on the pin pole deviates mainly in the horizontal direction from the projection of the pin pole, which causes a measurement error.

Therefore, a surveying device has been developed in which an error correction device including a two-axis tilt sensor is provided on a pin pole (prism pole), and a surveying value is corrected based on the tilt information of the pin pole detected by the two-axis tilt sensor (patented). Reference 1).

JP 2001-241950 A

However, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, since the error correction device is provided in the pin pole, the number of parts and the cost are increased, and the number of processing steps for correcting the error is also increased. ..

Further, especially when a prism having a prism constant of 0 mm is used as the target, the center of the prism and the axis of the pin pole are misaligned. There will be an error.

The present invention has been made in order to solve such a problem, and its purpose is to easily eliminate the surveying error due to the tilt of the pin pole and the surveying error due to the orientation of the prism, and reduce the number of surveying steps. To provide a surveying device and a surveying method capable of improving work efficiency.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a surveying instrument according to the present invention is a surveying instrument that performs surveying using a pin pole provided with a target, is vertically rotatable, and collimates a measurement target. A telescope section, a main body section that is horizontally rotatable and supports the telescope section, a horizontal angle detection section that detects a horizontal angle based on the horizontal rotation of the main body section, and a vertical section of the telescope section. The vertical angle detection unit that detects the vertical angle based on the rotation of the direction, the distance measurement unit that measures the oblique distance to the measurement target, and the horizontal angle detection unit in the state collimated to the projection of the pin pole. After obtaining the detected horizontal angle, the telescope unit is rotated upward to search for the target of the pin pole, and the vertical angle and the vertical angle detected by the vertical angle detection unit by collimating the discovered target And an automatic vertical collimation control unit that acquires the oblique distance measured by the distance measuring unit.

Further, the surveying device according to the present invention may further include a display unit that displays the horizontal angle, the vertical angle, and the oblique distance acquired by the automatic vertical collimation control unit.

Further, in the surveying device according to the present invention, the automatic vertical collimation control unit may be capable of calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of the target based on the acquired horizontal angle, vertical angle, and oblique distance.

In order to achieve the above object, in the surveying method according to the present invention, a telescope unit that is vertically rotatable and collimates a measurement target, and a main body unit that is horizontally rotatable and supports the telescope unit. , Using a pin pole provided with a target, horizontal angle, vertical angle, by measuring the oblique distance is a surveying method for surveying, a stone-projection collimating step of collimating the stone projection of the pin-pole, A first measurement step of obtaining a horizontal angle at the stone projection portion, a search step of rotating the telescope portion upward from the stone projection portion to search for a target of the pin pole, and the target found by the search step. And a second measurement step of collimating to obtain the vertical angle and the oblique distance.

Further, in the surveying method according to the present invention, it is preferable that at least the first measuring step, the searching step, and the second measuring step are automatically performed.

Further, the surveying method according to the present invention may further include a display step of displaying the horizontal angle acquired in the first measuring step, the vertical angle and the oblique distance acquired in the second measuring step. ..

Further, the surveying method according to the present invention further calculates three-dimensional coordinates of the target based on the horizontal angle acquired in the first measuring step, the vertical angle and the oblique distance acquired in the second measuring step. A coordinate calculation step may be provided.

According to the present invention using the above means, it is possible to easily eliminate the surveying error due to the tilt of the pin pole and the surveying error due to the orientation of the prism, and it is possible to reduce the number of surveying steps and improve the work efficiency.

It is an appearance perspective view of a surveying instrument concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a flow chart which shows a surveying procedure including automatic vertical collimation control using a surveying instrument concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is an explanatory view of surveying procedure (a)-(c). It is explanatory drawing about the error of a horizontal angle when a pin pole inclines. It is explanatory drawing about the error of a horizontal angle when the direction of a prism does not face the surveying instrument.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an external perspective view of a surveying instrument 1 according to the present embodiment, and the structure of the surveying instrument 1 will be described below based on the figure.

The surveying device 1 shown in FIG. 1 is, for example, a total station, is provided on a tripod (not shown), and measures the angle and distance to a measurement target to perform surveying.

The surveying device 1 is mainly composed of a leveling section 2 for leveling, a base section 3 provided on the leveling section 2, and a main body section rotatably provided on the base section 3 about a vertical axis. 4. A telescope unit 5 rotatably provided on the main body 4 about a horizontal axis.

Specifically, the leveling unit 2 has leveling screws 3a (only two are shown in FIG. 1) arranged at three points on the horizontal plane, and the base unit is adjusted by adjusting the tightening degree of the leveling screw 3a. It is possible to adjust (level) the inclination of the vertical axis from 3 to the upper part.

The main body portion 4 provided on the base portion 3 has a substantially rectangular frame shape in a front view, and the telescope portion 5 is disposed between the standing portions on the left and right. A first display unit 6 and a first operation unit 7 are provided below the body unit 4. Although not shown in FIG. 1, the main body section 4 is provided with a second display section and a second operation section on the back side of the first display section 6 and the first operation section 7.

Inside the body portion 4, a horizontal rotation portion 10 that horizontally rotates the body portion 4 with respect to the base portion 3, and a vertical rotation that rotates the telescope portion 5 vertically with respect to the body portion 4. Each section 11 is provided. Further, inside the main body 4, a horizontal angle detection unit (horizontal encoder) 12 that detects a horizontal rotation angle of the main body 4, and a vertical angle detection that detects a vertical rotation angle of the telescope unit 5. The unit (vertical encoder) 13 is provided.

The telescope unit 5 has a first telescope 8 for collimating a measurement target and a first imaging unit 14 for acquiring an image in the collimation direction through an optical system of the first telescope 8. In the telescope unit 5, a second telescope 9 having a lower magnification and a wider field of view than the first telescope 8 and an optical system of the second telescope 9 are used to obtain an image in the collimation direction or the substantially collimation direction. It has an imaging unit 15.

As the first imaging unit 14 and the second imaging unit 15, for example, a digital camera that outputs a captured image as a digital image signal is used. Specifically, the image pickup devices included in the first image pickup unit 14 and the second image pickup unit 15 are, for example, CCDs, CMOSs, and the like, which are a group of pixels, and the position of a pixel to receive light can be specified. Is also required.

Further, the telescope unit 5 has a built-in distance measuring unit 16 having a distance measuring optical system, and the distance measuring unit 16 has a distance measuring optical system sharing the optical system of the first telescope 8. Specifically, the distance measuring unit 16 measures the oblique distance to the measurement target by emitting the distance measurement light that is, for example, a pulsed laser beam and receiving the reflected light reflected from the measurement target. Note that the distance measuring method is not limited to such a pulse method, and it is also possible to apply a known method such as a so-called phase difference method for distance measuring based on the number of waves of laser light.

Further, the surveying device 1 has, for example, a control unit 17 (automatic vertical collimation control unit) built in the main body unit 4. The control unit 17 includes an angle detected by the horizontal angle detection unit 12 and the vertical angle detection unit 13, an oblique distance measured by the distance measurement unit 16, an image captured by the first imaging unit 14 and the second imaging unit 15, Various information such as is acquired, stored, calculated, and the like, and the acquisition result and the calculation result are displayed on the first display unit 6 and the second display unit, for example. The control unit 17 also controls the drive of each unit according to the operation received by the first operation unit 7 and the second operation unit, or according to the calculation result.

In particular, the control unit 17 of the surveying device 1 according to the present embodiment automatically suppresses the error between the actual measurement point and the horizontal position of the prism when performing the survey with the pin pole prism (target) as the measurement target. It is possible to perform collimation control. For example, the first operation unit 7 and the second operation unit are provided with a switch (automatic vertical collimation switch) that serves as a trigger for executing this automatic vertical collimation control, and by pressing the switch, automatic vertical sighting is performed. Semi-control is executed.

Specifically, FIG. 2 shows a flow chart of a surveying procedure including automatic vertical collimation control using the surveying instrument 1 of the present embodiment, and FIGS. 3(a) to 3(c) show explanatory diagrams of the surveying procedure. 2 will be described below with reference to FIG. 3 and the flowchart of FIG.

First, as step S1 of the surveying procedure, coordinate data of a known point is acquired. For example, as shown in FIG. 3A, three-dimensional coordinates (X ₀ , Y ₀ , H ₀ ) of a known point are measured from a surveying instrument 1 installed at an arbitrary point, and the coordinate is used as a reference point. Memorize as.

Then, as a step S2, the operator or the jig collimates the stone projection 21 at the tip of the pin pole 20 erected at the measurement point (stone projection collimation step). For example, as shown in FIG. 3B, an operator collimates the stone projection 21 through the first telescope 8 of the telescope unit 5.

Then, in step S3, the operator presses the automatic vertical collimation switch of the first operation unit 7 to execute the automatic vertical collimation control.

Then, the control unit 17 acquires the horizontal angle detected by the horizontal angle detection unit 12 in step S4 (first measurement step). That is, this measures the horizontal angle from the reference point to the ridge 21 as shown in FIG.

Subsequently, in step S5, the control unit 17 rotates the telescope unit 5 vertically upward and automatically searches for the prism 22 provided on the pin pole 20 (search process). In addition, this automatic search in the vertical direction can be performed not only directly above the ridge 21 but also with a predetermined width in the horizontal direction, so that the prism 22 can be found even when the pin pole 20 is tilted. I am trying.

As shown in FIG. 3C, the control unit 17 automatically collimates the center of the prism 22 found by the automatic search and measures the vertical angle detected by the vertical angle detection unit 13 as shown in FIG. 3C. The oblique distance measured by the distance unit 16 is acquired.

Then, in step S7, the control unit 17 displays the horizontal angle acquired in step S4, the vertical angle and the oblique distance acquired in step S6 on the first display unit 6 and the second display unit, and the measurement procedure is executed. End (display step). Here, for example, three-dimensional coordinates (X ₁ , Y ₁ , H ₁ ) calculated using trigonometry based on the acquired horizontal angle, vertical angle, and oblique distance may be displayed (coordinate calculation step).

Here, referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of an error of the horizontal angle when the pin pole 20 is inclined, and FIG. 5 is a case where the orientation of the prism 22 is not directly facing the surveying instrument 1. An explanatory view of the horizontal angle error is shown.

When the pin pole 20 is tilted as shown in FIG. 4, a large error occurs in the horizontal angle as compared with the case where the pin pole 20 is erected in the vertical direction shown by the dotted line. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, particularly when the prism 22 has a prism constant of 0 mm, the center of the prism 22 and the axis of the pin pole 22 are deviated in a top view. Therefore, if the orientation of the prism 22 does not face the surveying instrument 1, a large error occurs in the horizontal direction as compared with the case where the prism 22 indicated by the dotted line faces the surveying instrument 1.

On the other hand, in the surveying procedure using the surveying device 1 according to the present embodiment, since the horizontal angle is acquired based on the stone projection 21 of the pin pole 20, the error due to the inclination of the pin pole 20 and the error due to the orientation of the prism 22 are eliminated. It will not be affected. Then, the vertical angle and the oblique distance are obtained based on the actual position of the prism 22, and the horizontal angle is obtained based on the stone projection 21 as a survey result, so that the pin pole 20 is inclined. Or, even if the prism 22 is not directly facing, it is possible to obtain an almost accurate measured value.

Further, in the automatic vertical collimation control, after collimating the stone protrusion 21 and acquiring the horizontal angle, the telescope unit 5 is automatically rotated upward to search the prism 22 to acquire the vertical angle and the oblique distance. Therefore, the number of work steps performed by the worker can be significantly reduced as compared with the case where the collimation of the projection 21 and the search and the collimation of the prism 22 are performed manually.

The horizontal angle, the vertical angle, and the oblique distance thus acquired are displayed on the first display unit 6 and the second display unit, so that the operator can obtain a highly accurate survey result in which the survey error is suppressed. Obtainable. Further, by calculating the three-dimensional coordinates based on these horizontal angle, vertical angle, and oblique distance, it is possible to obtain highly accurate three-dimensional coordinates.

From the above, according to the surveying apparatus and the surveying method according to the present embodiment, the surveying error due to the inclination of the pin pole 20 and the surveying depending on the direction of the prism can be performed without particularly providing an additional device or increasing the man-hours. The error can be easily eliminated, and the number of man-hours for surveying can be reduced to improve work efficiency.

Although the description of the embodiment of the present invention has been completed, the aspect of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

In the surveying instrument 1 according to the above-described embodiment, the vertical angle and the oblique distance of the prism 22 are automatically acquired from the acquisition of the horizontal angle of the ridge 21, which realizes a further reduction in the number of working steps. As a surveying method, these operations may be performed manually.

1 surveying instrument 4 main body section 5 telescope section 6 first display section 7 first operating section 10 horizontal rotating section 11 vertical rotating section 12 horizontal angle detecting section 13 vertical angle detecting section 16 distance measuring section 17 control section (automatic vertical view) Semi control unit)
20 pin pole 21 stone projection 22 prism (target)

Claims (7)

A surveying device for surveying using a pin pole provided with a target,
A telescope unit that is rotatable in the vertical direction and collimates the measurement target,
A main body that is rotatable in the horizontal direction and that supports the telescope unit;
A horizontal angle detection unit for detecting a horizontal angle based on the horizontal rotation of the main body,
A vertical angle detection unit that detects a vertical angle based on the vertical rotation of the telescope unit,
A distance measuring unit that measures an oblique distance to the measurement target,
After acquiring the horizontal angle detected by the horizontal angle detection unit in a state collimated by the projection of the pin pole, the telescope unit is rotated upward to search for the target of the pin pole, and the target found And an automatic vertical collimation control unit for collimating to obtain a vertical angle detected by the vertical angle detection unit and an oblique distance measured by the distance measuring unit,
Surveying equipment. The surveying instrument according to claim 1, further comprising a display unit that displays a horizontal angle, a vertical angle, and an oblique distance acquired by the automatic vertical collimation control unit. The surveying device according to claim 1, wherein the automatic vertical collimation control unit is capable of calculating three-dimensional coordinates of the target based on the acquired horizontal angle, vertical angle, and oblique distance. A telescope unit that is vertically rotatable and collimates a measurement target, and a body unit that is horizontally rotatable and supports the telescope unit is used. , A surveying method for surveying by measuring an oblique distance,
A stone-projection collimating step of collimating the stone projection of the pin pole,
A first measurement step of obtaining a horizontal angle at the ridge,
A search step of searching the target of the pin pole by rotating the telescope unit upward from the projection.
A second measurement step of collimating the target found by the search step to obtain vertical angle and oblique distance;
Surveying method. The surveying method according to claim 4, wherein at least the first measuring step, the searching step, and the second measuring step are automatically performed. The surveying method according to claim 4, further comprising a display step of displaying the horizontal angle acquired in the first measurement step, the vertical angle and the oblique distance acquired in the second measurement step. Furthermore, a coordinate calculation step of calculating three-dimensional coordinates of the target based on the horizontal angle acquired in the first measurement step, the vertical angle and the oblique distance acquired in the second measurement step is provided. 6. The surveying method according to any one of 6.

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