JP6713621B2 - Expanding drilling equipment and expanding drilling method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an expanding excavator and an expanding excavation method.

Conventionally, a method of excavating an enlarged hole by moving an enlarged arm in and out of a lower portion of an excavating head in a direction intersecting an axis is known (see Patent Document 1).
Further, conventionally, a configuration is also known in which a part of a cylindrical bucket is configured to be rotatable about a vertical axis, and this rotating portion is used as an expansion wing (see Patent Document 2).

JP, 2005-61205, A JP, 2013-53469, A

The former one of the known examples has a problem that the upper and lower widths of the expanding blades cannot be sufficiently taken, so that the expanding blades are gradually lowered while being expanded, and there is a problem that the excavation work time becomes long.
In the latter of the above-mentioned known examples, by lengthening the length of the bucket, the vertical length of the expanding blade is sufficiently secured, and the problem of the former known example is solved to some extent. Since the shaft is rotated, the excavation length of the expansion blade becomes long, which reduces the excavation surface pressure and limits the applicable ground.
The present application is intended to shorten the excavation work time and expand the range of the applicable ground by devising the structure of the expanding excavator.

The invention of claim 1 is provided with a holding and fixing device 23 that comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the casing K to be in a fixed state with the casing K, and the holding and fixing device 23 has a cone having a diameter larger than that of the vertical hole 6 in the ground W. The upper part of the expansion head H for expanding and excavating the sloping sloped portion 11 and the cylindrical rising hole 16 below the sloped portion 11 is attached, and the expansion head H is rotatable by a mounting shaft 13 having a horizontal axis. Therefore, the slope excavation head 12 is configured to include the expansion blade 14 for excavating the slope portion 11 of the expansion hole 8 and the expansion arm 21 that moves in the direction intersecting the axis of the vertical hole 6. This is an enlarged excavating device in which the standing excavating head 20 is exchangeably configured.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, the slope excavation head 12 has a predetermined length in the vertical direction, and the upper portion of the pair of expansion blades 14 provided with the excavation body 32 on the outer surface side is pivoted on the frame 30 by the attachment shaft 13 to rotate laterally. The rising excavation head 20 is provided with a pair of expansion arms 21 having an excavation body 32 at the tip thereof so that they can freely move in and out of the frame 38, and the expansion arms 21 are square cylinders. The one cylinder 40 and the other cylinder 41 are slidably fitted to each other, and a telescopic cylinder 42 that allows either one of the one cylinder 40 and the other cylinder 41 to move in and out is internally provided. The head 20 is an enlarged excavating device in which the frame 30 or the frame 38 is detachably attached to the holding and fixing device 23.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the slope excavating head 12 is inserted into the lower portion of the frame 30 of the slope excavating head 12 at a predetermined height position of the vertical hole 6, and is engaged with the center of the hole bottom surface 15 of the vertical hole 6. The enlarged excavating device is provided with a centering member 60 that abuts and supports the sloped excavating head 12.
According to the invention of claim 4, the casing K is press-fitted into the ground W by the casing rotary press-fitting device 1, and the vertical hole excavating device 5 excavates a vertical hole 6 having the same diameter as the casing K and a predetermined depth to form an enlarged hole 8. The slope excavation head 12 configured by rotatably mounting the expansion blades 14 by the horizontal shaft mounting shaft 13 is mounted on the enlarged excavating device 10 for excavating, and the enlarged excavating device 10 is provided with the bottom surface 15 of the vertical hole 6. The slope excavation head 12 is fixedly held in the casing K by the holding and fixing device 23 of the expansion and excavation device 10, and the rotation of the casing K driven and rotated by the casing rotation press-fitting device 1 is held. It is transmitted to the slope expansion drilling head 12 by the fixing device 23 and driven to rotate, and while being driven and rotated, the expansion blade 14 is pivoted laterally about the mounting shaft 13 so as to expand outside the outer diameter of the casing K to form a cone. The sloped surface 11 is excavated, then the expansion excavation device 10 is once pulled out from the vertical hole 6, and the sloped excavation head 12 of the extracted expansion excavation device 10 is removed from the holding and fixing device 23. The rising excavation head 20 having a separately formed enlarged arm 21 that moves in a direction intersecting the axis of the vertical hole 6 is attached to a holding and fixing device 23. To a predetermined height position, and again, the driving rotation of the casing K is transmitted to the rising excavation head 20 by the holding and fixing device 23 to be driven to rotate, and the expansion arm 21 of the rising excavation head 20 is radially moved during the driving rotation. In the enlarged excavation method, a column-shaped rising hole portion 16 is excavated at a lower portion of the inclined surface portion 11 which is excavated by the inclined surface excavation head 12.
A fifth aspect of the present invention is an enlarged excavation method in which the slope enlarged excavation head 12 and the rising excavation head 20 are not vertically moved at a predetermined depth position, but are enlarged and excavated.
In the invention of claim 6, in the enlarged hole 8, the upper portion of the rising hole portion 16 excavated by the enlarged arm 21 of the rising excavation head 20 partially overlaps with the lower portion of the inclined surface portion 11 excavated by the inclined excavation head 12. This is an expanded excavation method for excavating to.
According to the invention of claim 7, the support 61 of the centering member 60 provided in the lower portion of the frame 30 of the slope excavation head 12 in a state where the slope excavation head 12 is inserted at a predetermined height position of the vertical hole 6, The center of the hole bottom surface 15 of the vertical hole 6 is engaged and abutted, and then the expansion excavating device 10 is fixed to the casing K by the holding and fixing device 23. In this state, the slope excavating head 12 is moved by the rotating force of the casing K. This is an expanded excavation method that rotates and expands.

In the invention of claim 1, when the expansion head H excavates the expansion hole 8 having the conical slope portion 11 and the column-shaped rising hole portion 16 below the slope portion 11, the slope portion 11 for excavation Since the excavating head 12 and the rising excavating head 20 for excavating the rising hole portion 16 are interchangeable, the expanding hole 8 can be efficiently drilled in accordance with the shape of the expanding hole 8 and the excavation accuracy is high, and the slope surface Both the excavating head 12 and the stand-up excavating head 20 can increase the biting force to the ground, can broaden the range of the ground to which the work is applied, and can excavate the sloped portion 11 of the enlarged hole 8 by the expanding blades 14 that rotate in the horizontal axis. Therefore, the taper of the slope 11 can be excavated smoothly.
In the invention of claim 2, since the expanding blade 14 of the slope excavating head 12 is configured to be provided with the excavating body 32 on the outer surface side and to be expanded/contracted by the expansion/contraction cylinder 35, the biting force with respect to the ground can be increased and the range of the ground to which the work is applied. Can be extended.
In the invention of claim 3, the slope excavation head 12 is supported at two upper and lower positions of the support body 61 of the centering member 60 and the contact body 26 of the holding and fixing device 23, and rotates for excavation. It is possible to prevent the center of the shaft from moving and prevent the accuracy of excavation of the enlarged hole 8 from decreasing.
According to the invention of claim 4, when excavating the enlarged hole 8 having the conical slope portion 11 and the column-shaped rising hole portion 16, the slope excavating head 12 and the rising excavating head 20 are exchanged, whereby the enlarged hole 8 is replaced. The excavation hole 8 can be efficiently excavated in accordance with the shape of the excavation and the excavation accuracy is high, and the slope excavation head 12 and the stand-up excavation head 20 can both increase the bite force to the ground, thereby expanding the range of the ground to which the work is applied. When excavating a cylindrical hole (the rising hole portion 16 of the present application) by the conventional construction method of excavating while enlarging the expanding arm up and down, the casing is lowered and excavated, so the sediment around the casing K is easily collapsed and accumulated. Although the tightening phenomenon of the casing K may occur, the rising excavation head 20 protrudes in the radial direction of the vertical hole 6 and excavates without lowering the casing K, so that the tightening phenomenon of the casing K can be prevented.
In the invention of claim 5, since the slope excavation head 12 and the stand-up excavation head 20 are expanded and excavated without moving up and down at a predetermined depth position, the sediment around the casing K is further prevented from collapsing, and the casing K is tightened. The phenomenon can be prevented.
In the invention of claim 6, since the lower portion of the sloped portion 11 and the upper portion of the rising hole portion 16 partially overlap with each other, the expanded portion of the concrete to be formed thereafter can be formed in a stable shape.
According to the invention of claim 7, the slope excavation head 12 is excavated and rotated in a state where the support 61 of the centering member 60 and the abutment body 26 of the holding and fixing device 23 are supported at two upper and lower positions. It is possible to suppress the axial center of the rotating shaft 12 from swinging and to suppress deterioration of the excavation accuracy of the enlarged hole 8.

The front view of a casing rotation press-fitting device and an expansion excavation device. The layout schematic diagram of a casing rotation press-fitting device, a fluid supply unit, and an expansion drilling device. The front view of the expansion wing of the slope excavation head in the expanded state. FIG. 3 is a front view of a retracting state of the expansion arm of the rising excavating head. The front view of the excavation state of the expansion arm. Sectional drawing of a holding|maintenance fixing device part. Sectional drawing of the expansion blade of a slope excavation head. Sectional drawing of the retracted state of the expansion arm of a standing excavation head. Sectional drawing of the same protruding state. The schematic diagram of the excavation work of an enlarged hole.

An embodiment of the expanding excavation method of the present invention and an apparatus for performing the method will be described with reference to the drawings. Reference numeral 1 denotes a casing full-rotation type casing rotary press-fitting device (FIG. 1). The casing rotary press-fitting device 1 is installed on the ground W and presses the casing K into the ground W. The casing rotation press-fitting device 1 may have any configuration as long as it can press-fit the casing K into the ground W, and although not shown, the base frame, the elevating frame that moves up and down with respect to the base frame, and the casing K are held in a fixed state. A casing fixing mechanism, a casing driving rotating mechanism that drives and rotates the casing K fixed by the casing fixing mechanism, and a casing lifting mechanism that raises and lowers the casing K are provided, and the casing K fixed by the casing fixing mechanism is driven by the casing driving rotating mechanism. While rotating, the casing lifting mechanism lowers and press fits.
Next, a vertical hole excavation device 5 such as a club hammer suspended by a wire 4 hanging from a boom 3 of the base machine 2 is inserted into the casing K, and a vertical pile for a vertical pile having a predetermined diameter and a predetermined depth is inserted. The hole 6 is excavated (FIG. 10).

Next, the expansion excavation device 10 that expands and excavates the expansion hole 8 having a diameter larger than the diameter of the vertical hole 6 is suspended by the wire 4 and inserted into the vertical hole 6, and the expansion head H of the expansion drilling device 10 causes Enlargement and excavation of the slope portion 11 of the conical enlargement hole 8 having a larger diameter toward the lower side (FIG. 10).
The expansion head H has a slope excavation head 12 for excavating the slope portion 11, and the slope excavation head 12 is rotatable by a mounting shaft 13 having a horizontal axis and excavates the slope portion 11 of the expansion hole 8. It is configured by providing an expanding wing 14 (FIG. 3).
The expansion digging device 10 inserts the expansion wing 14 of the slope excavation head 12 into the vertical hole 6 previously drilled to a predetermined depth in a state where the expansion wing 14 of the slope excavation head 12 is located at the storage position, and the expansion wing 14 is located at the bottom surface 15 of the vertical hole 6. It is located above a predetermined height, and the lower part of the expansion blade 14 is driven and rotated while rotating upward around the attachment shaft 13 to excavate the slope portion 11 of the expansion hole 8.

Next, the expanding excavating device 10 is temporarily pulled out from the vertical hole 6, and the expanding head H of the expanding excavating device 10 is excavated from the slope excavating head 12 to the cylindrical rising hole portion 16 below the expanding hole 8 to form a standing excavating head 20. (FIG. 10), the expansion digging device 10 in this state is inserted into the vertical hole 6 and is driven and rotated again, and the expansion arm 21 movable in the direction intersecting the axis of the vertical hole 6 is moved outside the casing K. A cylindrical standing hole portion 16 having the same diameter as the maximum diameter of the sloped portion 11 is excavated at a lower portion of the sloped portion 11 of the expansion hole 8 in the maximum expanded diameter so as to project outward from the diameter (FIGS. 10 and 5). ..
Therefore, since the expansion head H is replaced with the slope excavation head 12 for excavating the upper slope portion 11 of the expansion hole 8 and the rising excavation head 20 for excavating the lower rising hole portion 16, the enlargement excavating device 10 is small and lightweight. In addition, since the upper sloped portion 11 and the lower rising hole portion 16 of the enlarged hole 8 can be excavated in two steps, work efficiency can be improved.

The structure of the expanding excavation device 10 that implements this exchange-type expanding excavation method may be configured so that the expanding head H can be freely replaced with the slope excavating head 12 having the expanding blades 14 and the rising excavating head 20 having the expanding arms 21. Although other configurations are arbitrary, an example will be shown below.
The expansion excavating device 10 is provided with a holding and fixing device (gripper) 23 for fixing the expansion excavating device 10 to the inner peripheral surface of the casing K at the upper part (FIG. 5). Although the structure of the holding and fixing device 23 is arbitrary, the holding and fixing device 23 is provided with an attachment part 25 for connecting the tip of the wire 4 of the boom 3 of the base machine 2 on the upper side of the gripper frame 24. The gripper frame 24 is provided with a plurality of abutting bodies 26 that are arranged in the radial direction with respect to the gripper frame 24 in the radial direction. The holding and fixing device 23 presses the contact body 26 against the inner surface of the casing K by the entrance/exit cylinder 27 to rotate the expansion head H integrally with the casing K (FIG. 6).

A joint 29 for mounting the expansion head H is attached to the lower part of the gripper frame 24 of the holding and fixing device 23 (FIG. 3).
To the joint 29, a connection joint 29A provided on the frame 30 of the slope excavation head 12 of the expansion head H is attached (FIG. 10). The frame 30 is configured to have a pair of plate members 31, the mounting shaft 13 is provided so as to bridge the pair of plate members 31, and the upper part of the expansion wing 14 is rotatably mounted on the mounting shaft 13.
The expansion blade 14 is formed to have a predetermined length in the vertical direction, and a plurality of excavation bodies (excavation bits) 32 are arranged side by side on the outer surface side of the expansion blade 14 at predetermined intervals in the length direction. If at least some of the plurality of excavation bodies 32 are juxtaposed in the longitudinal direction on the outer surface side of the expansion blade 14 so as to project at least in a direction intersecting the rotation axis of the slope excavation head 12, the expansion blade is expanded. Combined with the fact that 14 rotates laterally around the mounting shaft 13, the surface pressure of the cutting surface per unit area of the expanding blade 14 can be increased, making it possible to excavate hard ground and The range can be expanded.

That is, in the conventional method of vertically rotating the expanding blade, since the excavation body 32 moves in an arc with respect to the rotation axis of the slope excavation head 12, the surface pressure of the cutting surface per unit area decreases. Although excavation of hard ground was not possible, the present application achieves this.
One end of the expansion/contraction cylinder 35 is attached to a predetermined intermediate position in the vertical direction of the expansion blade 14, and the other end of the expansion/contraction cylinder 35 is attached to the frame 30 side by an attachment shaft 36 (FIG. 3).
When the expansion/contraction cylinder 35 extends, the expansion wing 14 is rotated outward about the mounting shaft 13 to incline and expand the expansion wing 14 to a downward spread state in which the expansion wing 14 is positioned outside the outer diameter of the casing K. When the expansion/contraction cylinder 35 is contracted, the expansion blades 14 are stored in the casing K.

Then, to the joint 29 of the gripper frame 24 of the holding and fixing device 23, the connection joint 29A provided on the frame 38 of the rising excavating head 20 of the expanding head H is attached (FIG. 10). The frame 38 is provided with a pair of the expanding arms 21 provided with a drilling body (digging bit) 32 at the tip thereof so as to be freely movable in and out. The expansion arm 21 is configured by slidably fitting one cylinder 40 and the other cylinder 41 of a square cylinder (FIGS. 8 and 9). The one tube 40 is fixedly attached to the frame 38 side, and the other tube 41 is attached to the one tube 40 so as to be movable in the intersecting direction with respect to the axis of the vertical hole 6.
In this case, the upright excavation head 20 excavates the cylindrical upright hole portion 16 below the slope portion 11 of the enlarged hole 8 excavated by the slope excavation head 12, but below the slope portion 11 excavated by the slope excavation head 12. The length of the connection joint 29A of the rising excavation head 20 is set in accordance with the length (height) of the expansion blade 14 of the slope excavation head 12 so that the upper part of the rising hole portion 16 overlaps and enables excavation. (Fig. 4).

The rising excavation head 20 has a telescopic cylinder 42 inside one cylinder 40 and the other cylinder 41 of each expansion arm 21 (FIG. 9), and the excavation body 32 is provided on the tip surface of the other cylinder 41. The telescopic cylinder 42 has one end attached to the closed end of the one cylinder 40 and the tip of the piston rod 43 attached to the closed end of the other cylinder 41.
A scraper 45 is provided on each of the expansion arms 21 (FIGS. 8 and 9). The scraper 45 has its base portion rotatably attached to the attachment portion 46 by the vertical axis 47, and the attachment portion 46 is fixedly attached to the outer surface of the one-sided cylinder 40.
The scraper 45 guides the expanded excavated soil by the expanded arm 21 toward the center of the frame 38.

Further, the scraper 45 performs a slime process of scraping and collecting the sediment on the hole bottom surface 15 of the vertical hole 6 which is the bottom surface of the bottom expanding pile into the sediment receiver 50.
A sediment receiver 50 is provided below the frame 38 of the rising excavation head 20 (FIG. 10).
Then, a swivel 51 is provided above the holding and fixing device 23 of the enlarged excavating device 10 (FIG. 3), and the tip of a hose (hydraulic hose (pipe)) 53 for hydraulic oil sent from the fluid supply unit 52 is provided to the swivel 51. Connect.
In FIG. 2, 54 is an operation panel, 55 is a hose reel, 56 is a depth detector, and 57 is a depth detection wire.

Then, a centering member 60 is provided below the frame 30 of the slope excavation head 12 of the expansion head H (FIGS. 1 and 3). The centering member 60 is provided at its lower portion with a support body 61 that abuts and supports the center of the hole bottom surface 15 of the vertical hole 6, and at the upper portion with a mounting portion 62 to be attached to the lower portion of the frame 30 of the slope excavation head 12. Are configured.
When the inclined surface excavating head 12 is inserted into the vertical hole 6 at a predetermined height position, the support 61 of the centering member 60 abuts and engages with the center of the hole bottom surface 15, and the holding and fixing device is held in this state. By pressing the contact body 26 of 23 onto the inner surface of the casing K by the in-and-out cylinder 27, the slope excavation head 12 is supported at two upper and lower positions of the support body 61 of the centering member 60 and the contact body 26 of the holding and fixing device 23. To be done.

Therefore, since the enlarged blade 14 is rotated upward while being supported at the two upper and lower positions, the conical slope portion 11 is enlarged and excavated, so that the axial center of the inclined excavation head 12 during rotation is suppressed. However, a decrease in excavation accuracy of the enlarged hole 8 is suppressed.
Although not shown, the centering member 60 is rotatably provided with respect to the frame 30 of the slope excavating head 12, and the support 61 of the centering member 60 is fixed to the bottom surface 15 of the hole so as to be stationary and non-rotating. In the abutting contact state, the expanding blade 14 may be rotated with respect to the centering member 60 to expand and excavate.
Reference numeral 61A denotes a protrusion provided on the lower surface of the support 61, and when the support 61 abuts and engages with the center of the hole bottom surface 15, the protrusion 61A fits into the hole bottom surface 15.

(Operation of Embodiment)
Since the present invention has the above-mentioned configuration, the casing K is fixed by the casing fixing mechanism of the casing rotary press-fitting apparatus 1, and the fixed casing K is driven and rotated by the casing drive rotating mechanism of the casing rotary press-fitting apparatus 1 and lowered by the casing lifting mechanism. Let it be pressed into the ground.
Next, a vertical hole excavating device 5 such as a club hammer suspended by a wire 4 hanging from a boom 3 of the base machine 2 is inserted into the casing K, and a vertical hole 6 for a vertical pile having a predetermined diameter and a predetermined depth is formed. To drill.
Next, the enlarged head H is vertically suspended by suspending the enlarged excavation device 10 equipped with the slope excavation head 12 for excavating the slope 11 of the enlarged hole 8 having a diameter larger than the diameter of the vertical hole 6 with the wire 4. It inserts in the hole 6, and the excavation of the slope part 11 of the expansion hole 8 is performed.

Since the slope excavation head 12 of the expansion excavation device 10 is configured to be provided with the expansion blade 14 rotatably by the attachment shaft 13 having the horizontal axis, the slope excavation head 12 is in a state where the expansion blade 14 is located at the storage position. Then, the excavation blade 14 is inserted into the vertical hole 6 that has been excavated to a predetermined depth in advance, the expansion blade 14 rises above the hole bottom surface 15 of the vertical hole 6 and is driven and rotated by a predetermined height to be excavated by the excavation head 20, and excavated. Then, during rotation, the lower part of the expanding blade 14 is rotated upward about the mounting shaft 13 to expand and excavate the conical slope part 11.
Therefore, as compared with the conventional method of descending while moving the expanding arm in and out, the slope blade 11 is not moved vertically in the vertical hole 6 by merely rotating the expanding blade 14 upward in the present application. It can be expanded and excavated, and work efficiency can be improved.

Next, the enlarged excavating device 10 is once pulled out from the vertical hole 6, the vertical hole excavating device 5 is again inserted into the casing K, and the residual soil on the hole bottom surface 15 of the vertical hole 6 is discharged.
Next, the slope excavating head 12 attached to the expanding excavating device 10 is removed, the expanding head H is replaced with the rising excavating head 20, and the expanding excavating device 10 is inserted into the vertical hole 6 and driven and rotated again. A cylindrical upright hole portion 16 having the same diameter as the lower portion of the inclined surface portion 11 is excavated in the lower portion of the inclined surface portion 11 of the enlarged hole 8.
In this case, when the expansion blade 14 of the slope excavation head 12 is rotated around the mounting shaft 13, the bottom surface of the slope portion 11 of the expansion hole 8 becomes an arc surface, but the expansion head H is set to the axial center of the vertical hole 6. Since the excavating head 20 is replaced with the standing excavating head 20 that is provided with the pair of expanding arms 21 that move in the intersecting direction, the bottom surface 16A of the cylindrical hole of the standing hole portion 16 can be made substantially horizontal and then formed. The bottom surface of the enlarged portion of the concrete pile can be made into a stable shape.

Further, since the enlarged hole 8 is excavated so that the upper portion of the rising hole portion 16 partially overlaps the lower portion of the slope portion 11, the cylindrical hole bottom surface 16A of the rising hole portion 16 can be excavated more reliably substantially horizontally.
Then, the expansion head H of the expansion excavator 10 is detachably replaceable between the slope excavation head 12 excavating the slope 11 and the rising excavation head 20 exchanging the slope excavation head 12 and excavating the rising hole 16. With this configuration, it is possible to increase the biting force of the excavation body 32 when excavating the slope portion 11 and the rising excavation head 20, and it is possible to excavate the ground of hard ground to soft rock to medium hard rock.
Further, since the enlarged excavating device 10 performs excavation work by mounting either the slope excavating head 12 or the stand-up excavating head 20 on the holding and fixing device 23, it is possible to reduce the weight of the enlarged excavating device 10 and to wind the winch. Although it is the same as the conventional machine, the enlarged hole 8 having the slope 11 and the rising hole 16 can be enlarged and excavated.

Further, since the slope excavation head 12 of the expansion excavator 10 excavates the slope 11 by rotating the expansion blade 14 upward about the mounting shaft 13, as compared with the conventional construction method in which the expansion arm is moved up and down. As a result, the sloped portion 11 does not have a stepped taper shape, and the enlarged portion of concrete to be formed thereafter can be formed in a stable shape.
Further, when excavating a cylindrical hole (the rising hole portion 16 of the present application) by the conventional construction method of excavating while moving the expansion arm up and down, since the casing K is lowered and excavated, the sediment around the casing K is easily collapsed and accumulated. The tightening phenomenon of the casing K may occur due to the soil and sand, but in the present application, the rising excavation head 20 excavates the casing K without moving the casing K up and down, and therefore the above-mentioned problem can be solved.

As described above, in the expansion excavating device 10 of the present application, the expansion head H is configured to be interchangeable between the slope excavating head 12 for excavating the upper slope portion 11 and the rising excavating head 20 for excavating the lower rising hole portion 16. Therefore, the expansion and digging device 10 can be reduced in size and weight, and the upper slope portion 11 and the lower rising hole portion 16 can be continuously excavated, so that the work efficiency can be improved.

Thus, the specific structure of the expansion digging device 10 is such that the holding fixing device (gripper) 23 for fixing the expansion head H to the inner peripheral surface of the casing K is provided in the upper part, and the joint is provided in the lower part of the gripper frame 24 of the holding fixing device 23. 29, the joint 29 is detachably attached to the connection joint 29A of either the frame 30 of the slope excavating head 12 or the mounting frame 38 of the rising excavating head 20, so that the slope excavating head 12 and the rising excavating head 20 are connected. In any of these cases, the holding and fixing device 23 that transmits the driving rotation of the casing K to the expansion head H can also be used, and the slope excavating head 12 and the rising excavating head 20 can be selected and attached to the holding and fixing device 23. It is possible to efficiently excavate the slope 11 and excavate the rising hole 16.

Further, the expansion blades 14 of the slope excavation head 12 are formed to have a predetermined length in the vertical direction, and a plurality of excavation bodies (excavation bits) 32 are arranged on the outer surface side of the expansion blades 14 at predetermined intervals in the length direction. Since at least some of the plurality of excavation bodies 32 are juxtaposed in a direction intersecting the rotation axis of the sloped excavation head 12, the expansion blades 14 are arranged along the horizontal axis of the mounting shaft 13. Along with the rotation, the surface pressure of the cutting surface per unit area of the expanding blade 14 can be increased, excavation of hard ground can be performed, and the range of applicable ground can be expanded.
Further, since one end of the expansion/contraction cylinder 35 is attached to a predetermined position in the vertical middle of the expansion blade 14 and the other end of the expansion/contraction cylinder 35 is attached to the frame 30 side, when the expansion/contraction cylinder 35 extends, the expansion blade 14 is attached. When the expansion blades 14 are rotated outward about the shaft 13 so as to be inclined and expanded to a downward spread state in which the expansion blades 14 are located outside the outer diameter of the casing K, and the expansion/contraction cylinder 35 is contracted, the expansion blades 14 are placed inside the casing K. Store.

Further, since the rising excavation head 20 is arranged to excavate so that the upper part of the rising hole 16 overlaps a part of the lower part of the sloped part 11, the sloped part 11 has the maximum diameter at the lower part of the sloped part 11 in the most expanded diameter state. The rising hole portion 16 can be excavated in a columnar shape having the same diameter as the diameter, and the enlarged portion of concrete to be formed thereafter can be formed in a stable shape.
Further, since the rising excavation head 20 is provided with a pair of expansion arms 21 having an excavation body (excavation bit) 32 at the tip thereof so as to be able to move in and out of the mounting frame 38, and the expansion cylinder 21 is internally provided with the telescopic cylinder 42. When the telescopic cylinder 42 extends, the tip of the expansion arm 21 is positioned outside the outer diameter of the casing K, and when the telescopic cylinder 42 is contracted, the expansion arm 21 is stored in the casing K.

Then, in the lower part of the frame 30 of the slope excavating head 12 of the enlarged head H, a centering member provided with a support body 61 for supporting the abutting engagement with the center of the hole bottom surface 15 of the vertical hole 6 is provided in the lower part. Since 60 is provided, when the slope excavation head 12 is inserted at a predetermined height position of the vertical hole 6, the support 61 of the centering member 60 abuts on the center of the hole bottom surface 15 and the protrusion of the support 61 is provided. 61A fits into the hole bottom surface 15.
In this state, the abutment body 26 of the holding and fixing device 23 is pressed against the inner surface of the casing K by the in-and-out cylinder 27, so that the enlarged excavating device 10 causes the support body 61 of the centering member 60 and the abutment body 26 of the holding and fixing device 23. Since the expansion digging device 10 is supported at two upper and lower positions and is rotated at the upper and lower positions, the expansion digging device 10 is rotated upward while rotating the expansion wing 14 to expand and dig the conical slope portion 11. As a result, it is possible to prevent the axial center of the slope excavation head 12 during rotation from deviating, and suppress deterioration of the excavation accuracy of the enlarged hole 8.

In this example, the slope 29 and the rising excavation head 12 are connected to the joint 29 provided on the gripper frame 24 of the holding and fixing device 23 by connecting the connection joints 29A provided on the slope excavating head 12 and the rising excavating head 20, respectively. Although the head 20 is exchanged, this exchange and connection (attachment) configuration is not limited to the so-called joint configuration, and any configuration other than the joint may be used as long as it is exchangeable and connectable (attachment). Well, it is not limited to the configuration of this embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Casing rotation press-fitting device, 2... Base machine, 3... Boom, 4... Wire, 5... Vertical hole excavating device, 6... Vertical hole, 8... Expanding hole, 10... Expanding excavating device, 11... Slope part, 12... Slope excavation head, 13... Attachment shaft, 14... Enlarged blade, 15... Hole bottom surface, 16... Standing hole portion, 20... Standing excavation head, 21... Enlarged arm, 23... Holding fixing device, 24... Gripper frame, 25... Installation Part, 26... Abutment body, 27... Exit cylinder, 29... Joint, 29A... Connection joint, 30... Frame, 31... Plate member, 32... Excavator, 35... Expansion/contraction cylinder, 36... Mounting shaft, 38... Frame , 40... One cylinder, 41... Other cylinder, 42... Telescopic cylinder, 43... Piston rod, 45... Scraper, 46... Attachment part, 47... Vertical axis, 51... Swivel, 52... Fluid supply unit, 60... Centering member , 61... Support, 62... Mounting part, H... Enlarging head, K... Casing, W... Ground.

Claims (7)

A holding and fixing device 23 that comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the casing K to bring it into a fixed state with the casing K is provided, and the holding and fixing device 23 has a conical sloped portion 11 and a sloped surface having a diameter larger than that of the vertical hole 6 in the ground W. The upper part of the expanding head H for expanding and excavating the cylindrical rising hole portion 16 below the portion 11 is attached, and the expanding head H is rotatable by the attachment shaft 13 of the horizontal axis and the slope of the expanding hole 8. The sloped excavating head 12 having the expanding blades 14 for excavating the portion 11 and the rising excavating head 20 having the expanding arm 21 that moves in the direction intersecting the axis of the vertical hole 6 are exchanged. Expanding excavator freely configured. The inclined excavation head 12 according to claim 1, wherein the upper portion of the pair of expansion blades 14 having a predetermined length in the vertical direction and provided with the excavation body 32 on the outer surface side is attached to the frame 30 so as to be horizontally rotatable by the attachment shaft 13. The rising excavating head 20 is provided with a pair of expanding arms 21 having an excavation body 32 at the tip thereof so as to be able to move in and out of the frame 38, and the expanding arm 21 is one of the square cylinders. The cylinder 40 and the other cylinder 41 are slidably fitted to each other, and a telescopic cylinder 42 that allows one of the one cylinder 40 and the other cylinder 41 to move in and out is internally provided. The slope excavating head 12 and the rising excavating head 20 are configured. Is an enlarged excavator in which the frame 30 or the frame 38 is detachably attached to the holding and fixing device 23. In Claim 1 or Claim 2, in the state where the slope excavation head 12 is inserted at a predetermined height position of the vertical hole 6 in the lower portion of the frame 30 of the slope excavation head 12, at the center of the hole bottom surface 15 of the vertical hole 6. An enlarged excavation device provided with a centering member 60 that engages and abuts and supports the slope excavation head 12. A casing K is press-fitted into the ground W by a casing rotary press-fitting device 1, a vertical hole excavating device 5 excavates a vertical hole 6 having the same diameter as the casing K and a predetermined depth, and an enlarged excavating device 10 for excavating an enlarged hole 8. The sloped excavation head 12 configured by rotatably mounting the expansion blade 14 by the horizontal shaft mounting shaft 13 is mounted, and the expansion excavation device 10 is located at a predetermined position above the hole bottom surface 15 of the vertical hole 6. The slope excavation head 12 is fixedly held in the casing K by the holding and fixing device 23 of the expansion excavating device 10, and the rotation of the casing K driven and rotated by the casing rotation press-fitting device 1 is held and fixed by the slope expanding and excavating device 23. It is transmitted to the head 12 to be driven and rotated, and while being driven and rotated, the expanding blade 14 is horizontally rotated about the mounting shaft 13 to expand outside the outer diameter of the casing K to excavate the conical slope portion 11. Then, the expansion drilling device 10 is once pulled out from the vertical hole 6, the slope excavation head 12 of the extracted expansion drilling device 10 is removed from the holding and fixing device 23, and the vertical drilling hole 6 is formed separately from the slope drilling head 12. The rising excavation head 20 having the expanding arm 21 that moves in the direction intersecting with the axis of the is attached to the holding and fixing device 23, and the expanding excavating device 10 in this state is extended to the predetermined height position of the vertical hole 6. The casing K is lowered, and again the driving rotation of the casing K is transmitted to the rising excavation head 20 by the holding and fixing device 23 so that the casing K is driven and rotated, and the expanding arm 21 of the rising excavation head 20 is projected in the radial direction during the driving rotation. An enlarged excavation method for excavating a column-shaped rising hole portion 16 below the slope portion 11 excavated by the head 12. The expansion excavation method according to claim 4, wherein both the slope expansion excavation head 12 and the rising excavation head 20 are expanded and excavated without moving up and down at a predetermined depth position. The expansion hole 8 according to claim 5, wherein the upper portion of the rising hole portion 16 excavated by the expanding arm 21 of the rising excavating head 20 partially overlaps with the lower portion of the inclined surface portion 11 excavated by the inclined excavating head 12. Expanding excavation method. In any one of Claims 4 to 6, the centering provided on the lower portion of the frame 30 of the slope excavating head 12 in a state where the slope excavating head 12 is inserted at a predetermined height position of the vertical hole 6. The support 61 of the member 60 is brought into engagement with the center of the hole bottom surface 15 of the vertical hole 6, and then the expansion excavating device 10 is fixed to the casing K by the holding and fixing device 23. An enlarged excavation method in which the slope excavation head 12 is rotated by rotational force to perform enlarged excavation.

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