JP6712667B1 - Machine Tools - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a machine tool capable of efficiently disposing a machining assist tool by utilizing a door. A machine tool includes a door movable between an open position that opens the inside and a closed position that closes the inside, and the door is placed in the open position or the closed position. A drive mechanism for moving the work, and a machining aid for assisting the machining of the work, which is attached to the door such that the state can be changed between a working state acting on the work and a non-working state not acting on the work. , Are equipped. [Selection diagram] Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a machine tool provided with a door that is movable between an open position in which an inside is opened and a closed position in which an inside is closed.

An example of a machine tool is a machine for machining a workpiece into a desired shape by relatively moving a workpiece fixed to a work table and a tool fixed to a spindle head to cut or punch a workpiece. The cover body covers at least a part of the machining area, which is the relative movement area of the workpiece and tool, in order to prevent the chips generated during machining of the workpiece and the coolant discharged toward the machining site from scattering. Are arranged.

The cover body is provided with an opening for opening and closing the opening, through which a work is carried in to the processing area, the work is carried out from the processing area, and further a worker enters and leaves for maintenance such as cleaning of the processing area. Has been.

In Patent Document 1, a link device is connected to a door end side of a tool storage of a machine tool, and the link device is pressed by a pushing means that moves simultaneously with the spindle head, so that the door is opened and the tool can be exchanged. A machine tool provided with a door opening/closing mechanism that is enabled is disclosed.

The door provided in the cover body described above is arranged so as to open and close along any one of the three processing axes of X, Y, and Z that perform linear motion, and in recent years, it is attached to the cover body so as to be openable and closable. A servo controller is used to accurately control the position of the opened door to the open position or the closed position.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-5837

By the way, machine tools include a parts catcher that receives a work, a tailing mechanism that presses the work in the axial direction to avoid runout, and a work such as a steady rest that contacts the work peripheral surface to avoid runout. A machining aid to assist machining is installed near the work table and spindle head.

Then, at any timing from the start of machining of the workpiece to the end of machining, the working state is transferred to the working state and the predetermined function provided in each machining aid is exerted. It is configured to shift to a non-acting state that does not exert. For example, in a non-acting state, it waits at a waiting position that does not interfere with a series of machining processes.

In order to switch these processing aids between the working state and the non-working state in correspondence with workpieces of various sizes, each is equipped with a state switching mechanism composed of an electromagnetic motor, a link mechanism, etc. There is a need and it is becoming difficult to install such processing aids in a limited processing area.

An object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool in which a parts catcher can be efficiently arranged by utilizing a door.

To achieve this object, a machine tool according to the present invention includes a door movable between an open position for opening the inside and a closed position for closing the inside,
A drive mechanism for moving the door to the open position or the closed position, and a parts catcher attached to the inner side of the door, wherein the parts catcher includes a work receiving part and the work receiving part. It is configured to include a link mechanism for switching the posture of the stop portion between a work receiving posture and a retracting posture to the inside or the vicinity of the door, and the link mechanism has the work receiving portion in a state in which the door is closed. Are folded in the retracted posture, and when the door moves a predetermined distance in the opening direction in the retracted posture, the work receiving portion changes its posture to the work receiving posture. ..

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the machine tool which can utilize a door and can arrange | position a parts catcher efficiently can be provided.

It is a principal part explanatory view of the external appearance of the machine tool provided with the fixed cover which covers at least one copy of a processing field, and a door. It is explanatory drawing which shows the functional block of the control system of the door provided in the machine tool. (A) is a side view of the machine tool and is an explanatory view showing a non-working machining aid attached to the door, (b) is a front view of the machine tool, It is explanatory drawing which shows the processing auxiliary tool of the non-action state attached to FIG. (A) is a side view of the machine tool and is an explanatory view showing a working auxiliary tool attached to the door, and (b) is a front view of the machine tool, showing the door. It is explanatory drawing which shows the attached processing aid in an operating state. It is a flow chart which shows the opening and closing procedure of the door performed by the door control device. It is a flow chart which shows a control procedure of a processing auxiliary tool performed by an auxiliary tool control device. (A), (b), (c) is explanatory drawing of the moving mechanism which moves the processing auxiliary tool attached to the door along the rotating shaft or moving shaft of a workpiece|work in the state which closed the door. (A), (b), (c), (d) is explanatory drawing which shows the procedure which switches the working aid attached to the door from a non-working state to a working state, (a) is the process seen from the front. It is an explanatory view of a machine, and (b), (c), (d) is an explanatory view of a physical relationship of a work and a processing auxiliary tool by a X-axis direction view.

[Basic Embodiment of Machine Tool]
The concept of the machine tool will be described below before describing specific embodiments with reference to the drawings.

One aspect of a machine tool according to the present invention is a door movable between an open position for opening the inside and a closed position for closing the inside, and a door movable between the open position and the open position. Machining for assisting machining of a workpiece, which is attached to the door in a state changeable between a driving mechanism for moving to a closed position and a working state that acts on the work and a non-acting state that does not act on the work And auxiliary equipment.

According to such an aspect, the door is driven so as to move between the open position and the closed position by the drive mechanism together with the processing auxiliary tool provided on the door, and the processing auxiliary tool is moved to the position where the state can be changed to the operating state. The predetermined function of the processing aid is exhibited by moving the door. The door driving mechanism is also used as a moving mechanism for positioning the machining aid, and by attaching such a machining aid to the door, even in a machining area having a limited area, The processing aid can be installed compactly.

Another aspect of the machine tool is a door movable between an open position that opens the inside and a closed position that closes the inside, and the door is placed in the open position or the closed position. A drive mechanism for moving the work, and a processing aid attached to the inner side of the door for assisting the processing of the work, wherein the processing aid is a parts catcher for receiving the work, a shape of the work after the work. A work length measuring sensor that measures the work, a tailing mechanism that presses the work in the axial direction to avoid runout, a steady rest that contacts the work peripheral surface to avoid runout, and a work held by the work holder. It is either a work rest that is temporarily supported or a cleaning head that removes foreign matter accumulated on the rail that receives the door.

According to this aspect, the door is driven by the drive mechanism so as to move between the open position and the closed position together with the processing auxiliary tool provided inside the door, and the processing auxiliary tool can change its state to the operating state. By moving the door to the position, a predetermined function of the processing aid is exhibited. Since the door drive mechanism is also used as a moving mechanism for the machining aid, and such a machining aid is attached to the inside of the door, even in a machining area having a limited area, The processing aid can be installed compactly.

Then, as a processing aid provided inside the door, a part catcher that receives the work, a work length measuring sensor that measures the shape of the work after processing, and a tailing mechanism that presses the work in the axial direction to avoid runout. Preferably, a steady rest that abuts on the peripheral surface of the work to avoid runout, a work rest that temporarily supports the work held by the work holder, and a cleaning head that removes foreign matter accumulated on the rail that receives the door. Can be adopted.

In addition to any of the above-described aspects, a processing auxiliary tool that includes a servo control unit that controls a servo motor included in the drive mechanism to position and control the door at a predetermined position, and is attached to the door by the servo control unit Is preferably positioned and moved to a predetermined position along the movement axis or rotation axis of the work.

By the positioning and moving of the door to the predetermined position by the servo control unit, the machining auxiliary tool that moves together with the door is accurately positioned at a predetermined position along the movement axis or the rotation axis of the workpiece, and at that position, the machining auxiliary tool The function comes to be exhibited.

In addition to any of the above-described aspects, a configuration may be adopted in which the door is formed of a plurality of sheets and is movable in the same direction while maintaining the relative position of each door at the closed position.

In the case where the processing aid performs a predetermined function for the work at the door closed position, for example, the work moves in the same direction while maintaining the relative position of each door corresponding to the work of different size. You will be able to deal with it flexibly.

[Specific Embodiment of Machine Tool]
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[Door configuration]
FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a main part of the external appearance of the machine tool 10. The machine tool 10 includes an NC device (Numerically Controller) 100 for machining a work fixed to a work table and a tool fixed to a spindle head by a computer numerically controlling the work to obtain a desired shape. It is an NC (Numerically Control) machine tool 10 provided.

A cover body 12 is arranged so as to cover at least a part of a processing region 11 for processing a work by relative movement of the work and the tool. The cover body 12 is also called a splash guard, and includes a fixed cover 13 and a door 14 that moves relative to the fixed cover 13. The door 14 slides horizontally along the opening 15 formed in the fixed cover 13 to switch the opening 15 between the open state and the closed state. In the present embodiment, an example in which the door slides linearly is described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and there may be a case where the door slides on an arc.

A cover body 12 is provided in order to prevent the chips generated by the cutting work of the work and the coolant discharged toward the work site from scattering around, and the work is carried into the work area 11 through the opening 15. The door 14 is opened and closed so that a worker can move in and out of the work area 11 for maintenance, such as cleaning of the work area 11.

The door 14 of the present embodiment is configured to include a ceiling wall 14D and a front wall 14E that hangs from the ceiling wall 14D, and a guide supported by the fixed cover 13 via a plurality of rollers provided at the lower edge of the front wall 14E. It is supported by rails. Further, the front wall 14E is provided with a transparent window 14B made of resin so that the processing region can be visually observed from the outside, and a grip portion 14C is provided so as to be manually opened and closed.

The door 14 is controlled to be opened and closed by a door control device 20 that operates based on an opening command or a closing command from the NC device 100. The door control device 20 includes a servo control unit 30 that drives the door 14, a servo motor 32 that is driven by the servo control unit 30 (hereinafter, simply referred to as “motor 32”), and an output shaft 33 of the motor 32. And a power transmission mechanism 34 for transmitting power to the door 14. The motor 32 and the power transmission mechanism 34 constitute a drive mechanism for moving the door 14 to a desired position such as an open position or a closed position. The open position means a fully open position where the inside is opened, and the closed position means a fully closed position where the inside is closed.

The power transmission mechanism 34 includes a pair of pulleys 35a and 35b installed on the ceiling wall 13A of the fixed cover 13, and a timing belt 36 wound between the pair of pulleys 35a and 35b, and one pulley 35b is a motor. It is fixed to the output shaft 33 of 32. Further, the rear side edge of the ceiling wall 14D of the door 14 is fixed to the timing belt 36 via the connecting metal fitting 14A.

When the motor 32 is rotationally driven in one direction, the door 14 is driven in the closing direction via the timing belt 36, and when the motor 32 is rotationally driven in the opposite direction, the door 14 is driven in the opening direction via the timing belt 36.

A processing aid is attached to the door 14 so that the state can be changed between an operating state that acts on the work and a non-operating state that does not act on the work. Parts catcher that receives the work, work length measuring sensor that measures the shape of the work after processing, tailing mechanism that presses the work in the axial direction to avoid runout, touching the peripheral surface of the work to avoid runout A steady rest, a work rest that temporarily supports the work held by the work holder, a cleaning head that removes foreign matter accumulated on the rail that receives the door, and the like serve as processing aids. The processing aid will be described in detail later.

[Door control system configuration]
FIG. 2 shows functional blocks of a door control system 200 that controls the cover body 12 in the control system of the machine tool 10 including the NC device 100. The door control system 200 includes an NC device 100, an operation panel 120, a door control device 20, and an auxiliary tool control device 50.

The NC device 100 includes an analysis processing circuit 101 that analyzes an input NC program, a parameter setting processing circuit 102 that sets parameters necessary for executing each NC program based on an analysis result by the analysis processing circuit 101, and parameters. A parameter storage circuit 103 to be stored and necessary parameters are read from the parameter storage circuit 103 in accordance with a command analyzed by the analysis processing circuit 101 to output a command to the door control device 20, and to a machining aid attached to the door 14. A command circuit 104 for outputting a command, that is, a PLC circuit (Programmable Logic Controller) is provided.

The NC device 100 is configured to include a microcomputer, a ROM, and peripheral circuits such as an input/output circuit. When the control program stored in the ROM is executed by the microcomputer, each circuit block described above exhibits a predetermined function. Is configured to.

The analysis processing circuit 101 analyzes the moving direction of the door 14 based on the open command or the close command for the door included in the NC program, and the parameter setting processing circuit 102 sets the moving distance of the door.

When the moving direction and moving distance are commanded from the command circuit 104, the servo control unit 30 provided in the door control device 20 monitors the encoder pulse signal sent from the motor 32 and the current value supplied to the motor 32, The motor 32 is driven at a predetermined speed and servo-controlled so that the door 14 moves to a predetermined position. For example, the door 14 is moved by a predetermined distance to the fully open position in response to the fully open command, and the door 14 is moved by a predetermined distance to the fully closed position in response to the fully closed command. The door 14 is moved to the intermediate position in response to the opening command to the intermediate position.

The operation panel 120 includes a display device 121 using a liquid crystal monitor or the like, an input device 122 using a keyboard or a touch panel, and controls the NC device 100, the door control device 20, the auxiliary tool control device 50, and the like based on the input of the operator. Take overall control. The operation panel 120 is also provided with a microcomputer, a ROM, and peripheral circuits such as an input/output circuit, and the control programs stored in the ROM are executed by the microcomputer so that each circuit block performs a predetermined function. Has been done.

For example, the input device 122 is provided with a manual operation key that allows a manual opening/closing operation for the door 14, and unless the key is turned on, there is a possibility that safety may be hindered, such as during processing of a workpiece. In order to allow the manual operation of the door 14, the locked state of the motor 32 is released via the command circuit 104, and a display indicating that the manual opening/closing is possible is displayed on the display device 121.

The auxiliary tool control device 50 includes an auxiliary tool controller 52, an auxiliary tool actuator 54, and the like, and based on the command from the command circuit 104, the working auxiliary tool 60 acts on the work and does not work on the work. The control is performed so as to switch the state to the non-acting state. As the auxiliary tool actuator 54, a servo motor or a link mechanism driven by the servo motor is used.

The servo control unit 30 and the auxiliary tool control unit 52 are also provided with a microcomputer, a ROM, and peripheral circuits such as an input/output circuit, and the control program stored in the ROM is executed by the microcomputer, whereby each circuit block is set to a desired one. It is configured to exert the function of.

[Configuration of machine tools and processing aids]
FIGS. 3A and 3B show the configuration of the main part of the machine tool 10 installed inside the cover body 12 (see FIG. 1). The machine tool 10 includes a bed 1, a saddle 2 that moves along the guide surface on the bed 1 in the Y-axis direction, a table 3 that moves along the guide surface of the saddle 2 in the X-axis direction, and hangs on the bed 1. The vertical machining center includes a column 4 provided and a spindle head 5 that moves in the Z-axis direction along a guide surface of the column 4. Needless to say, the machining center is just an example and is not limited to the vertical shape.

When the servo motor MY is driven, the saddle 2 moves on the bed 1 along the linear drive axis in the Y-axis direction, and when the servo motor MX is driven, the table 3 linearly moves in the X-axis direction on the saddle 2. When the servo motor MZ is driven along with the drive shaft, the spindle head 5 on the column 4 moves along the linear drive shaft in the Z-axis direction.

The tool 7 is held by the tool holder 6 provided on the spindle head 5, and when the servo motor MS1 is driven, the tool 7 rotates about the vertical axis. The table 3 is formed in a U shape in a front view in which a pair of vertical walls 3W are arranged to face each other, and each vertical wall 3W is provided with a work holder 3H for holding a work 9 which is a workpiece, and the servo motor MS2. When is driven, the work 9 held by the work holder 3H rotates about the horizontal axis along the X axis. That is, the table 3 serves as a work holding unit. For example, when the side surface processing or groove processing of the work 9 is intended, an end mill having cutting edges on the outer peripheral surface and the end surface is used as the tool 7.

Based on a preset NC program, a work machining command circuit provided in the NC device 100 outputs a command to a work machining servo control unit to drive the above-described servo motors MX, MY, MZ. As a result, the work 9 and the tool 7 move relative to each other, and the work 9 is machined into a desired shape. Each servo motor MX, MY, MZ, MS1 is provided with a servo control unit equivalent to the servo control unit 30 shown in FIG. 2, and is sequentially controlled based on a command from a command circuit provided in the NC device 100. It

A door 14 is shown by a chain double-dashed line in FIGS. 3A and 3B, and a freely rotatable wheel 16 is attached to a guide rail 17 arranged on the fixed cover 13 in a posture parallel to the X axis. Is supported through. A processing assisting tool 60 (shown only in FIG. 3A) for assisting the processing of the work is attached to the inside of the door.

In this example, as the processing aid 60, a parts catcher 61 that receives the processed work 9 and stores it in the storage portion is shown. The parts catcher 61 has a work receiving portion 61A, an operation state in which the work receiving portion 61A receives the work 9 held by the work holder 3H, and a non-operation state in which the work receiving portion 61A is located inside or near the door 14 at a retracted position. A state switching mechanism 61B for switching between the two is provided, and a work accommodating portion 61C for accommodating the work 9 received by the work receiving portion 61A. A door is provided on the front surface side of the door 14, and the work accommodated in the work accommodating portion 61C can be taken out by opening the door.

The operation of the parts catcher 61 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3(a), 4(a), 4(b) and 8(a)-(d). In order to prevent the parts catcher 61 from interfering with the vertical wall 3W of the table 3 when the door 14 is opened and closed, the parts catcher 61 is folded and housed inside the door 14 in advance in a non-operating state (FIG. 3). (A), refer FIG.8(b).).

With the door 14 closed, the work 9 held by the work holder 3H is processed into a desired shape by the tool 7 (corresponding to the state of numeral 1 surrounded by a circle in FIG. 8A). .. The position where the door 14 is controlled by the servo control unit 30 to move a predetermined distance in the opening direction along the guide rail 17 after the processing is finished, and the parts catcher 61 does not interfere with the vertical wall 3W of the table 3 or the like. When it reaches, the state switching mechanism 61B is controlled to be switched to the operating state by the auxiliary tool control unit 52 and the auxiliary tool actuator 54 (see FIG. 8C) and the circled numeral 2 in FIG. Corresponds to the state.)

After that, when the work receiving portion 61A attached to the door 14 moves along the X axis to the receiving position (intermediate position) of the work 9 on the X axis, the work receiving portion 61A is held by the work holder 3H. The auxiliary tool control unit 52 and the auxiliary tool actuator 54 switch the state switching mechanism 61B to the working state so as to be located immediately below the workpiece 9 (see FIG. 8D, enclosed by a circle in FIG. 8A). Corresponding to the state of number 3). As a result, the work receiving portion 61A is located at the work receiving position (final position), and is in a working state capable of receiving the work.

A link mechanism or the like is preferably used as the state switching mechanism 61B, and an electric motor is preferably used as the auxiliary tool actuator 54. The electric motor drives the link mechanism to move forward, and the work receiving portion 61A moves to a state where the work receiving portion 61A moves directly below the work 9. When the work receiving portion 61A receives the work 9, the electric motor retires the link mechanism. The work is driven, and the work is accommodated in the work accommodating portion 61C, and then the non-operating state is entered. The auxiliary tool actuator 54 is provided with an elevating motor that moves the state switching mechanism 61B up and down, and makes it possible to vertically change the receiving position of the work in the operating state based on the size and/or weight of the work held by the work holder 3H. It is preferable to be adjustable.

FIG. 5 shows a basic control procedure for the door 14 executed by the servo control unit 30. When an opening command with a command distance is input from the command circuit (PLC) 104 (SA1), the motor 32 is started to drive the door 14 in the opening direction (SA2).

A signal from an encoder built in the motor 32 and a current value flowing through a power supply line to the motor measured by an ammeter are input (SA3) to control the speed and torque of the motor 32 to target values (SA4). ). Until the distance calculated based on the signal value from the encoder and the command distance included in the command value from the command circuit (PLC) 104 match, the processing from step SA3 to step SA5 is repeated to calculate the calculated distance and the command. When it is determined that the distances match and the door 14 has reached the predetermined open position (SA5), the motor 32 is stopped (SA11).

When a closing command accompanied by the command distance is input from the command circuit (PLC) 104 (SA6), the motor 32 is started to drive the door 14 in the closing direction (SA7). The signal from the encoder built in the motor 32 and the current flowing through the feeder line to the motor measured by the ammeter are input (SA8), and the speed and torque of the motor 32 are controlled to the target values (SA9). .. Until the distance calculated based on the signal value from the encoder and the command distance included in the command value from the command circuit (PLC) 104 match, the processing from step SA8 to step SA10 is repeated to calculate the calculated distance and the command. When it is determined that the doors 14 reach the predetermined closed position because the distances match (SA10), the motor 32 is stopped (SA11). Needless to say, the soft start process is executed when the motor 32 is started, and the process of stopping while decelerating is executed when the motor 32 is stopped.

FIG. 6 shows a basic control procedure for the machining auxiliary tool 60 executed by the auxiliary tool controller 52.
After the machining process is completed, the door 14 is stopped at a predetermined open position (here, the workpiece catching position by the parts catcher 61) through steps SA6 to SA11 shown in FIG. When the command circuit 104 receives a command to switch the auxiliary tool to the working state, the auxiliary tool control unit 52 drives the actuator 54 so that the work receiving unit 61A directly below the work 9 held by the work holder 3H. It is controlled so as to be located at (SB2).

When the switching to the operating state is completed (SB3), the switching completion signal is output to the command circuit 104 (SB4). Upon receiving the switching completion signal, the command circuit 104 opens the work holder 3H and drops the work 9 on the work receiving portion 61A.

After that, when a command to switch the auxiliary tool to the non-acting state is received from the command circuit 104 (SB5), the auxiliary tool control unit 52 drives the actuator 54 and the work 9 received by the work receiving unit 61A. Is controlled to be in a non-acting state so as to be accommodated in the accommodation portion 61C (SB7).

When the switching to the non-acting state is completed (SB7), the switching completion signal is output to the command circuit 104 (SB7). The command circuit 104 receives the switching completion signal and shifts to the next processing sequence.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the servo control unit that controls the servo motor provided in the drive mechanism to position and control the door at a predetermined position is provided, and the machining auxiliary tool attached to the door by the servo control unit is used for the work. It is positioned and moved to a predetermined position along the rotation axis. Further, the processing aid attached to the door may be positioned and moved to a predetermined position along the movement axis of the work.

It should be noted that at least the position of the working state of the processing auxiliary tool can be adjusted depending on the stop position of the door and the moving state including the speed, and therefore the door is not necessarily limited to the servo control.

[Example of processing aid]
In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the parts catcher 61 is used as the processing aid 60 attached to the door 14 has been described, but a processing aid other than the parts catcher 61 may be used.

For example, a work length measurement sensor that measures the shape of the work after machining, a tailing mechanism that presses the work in the axial direction to avoid runout, and a steady method that abuts the peripheral surface of the work to avoid runout. A rest, a work rest that temporarily supports the work held by the work holder, a cleaning head that removes foreign matter such as chips accumulated on a guide rail that receives the door, and the like can be adopted.

[Workpiece length measurement sensor]
The work length measurement sensor measures the shape of the work after processing, the working state where the measurement unit measures the shape of the work, and the non-working state located inside or near the door at the retracted position. And a state switching mechanism for switching.

When the door moves to the measurement area of the work held by the work holder, the auxiliary tool control unit controls the state switching mechanism so that the measurement unit switches from the non-acting state to the working state.

An optical displacement sensor can be preferably used as the measuring unit. For example, it is a sensor that uses laser light as a light source, receives the reflected light of the laser light with a PSD or an image sensor, and measures the displacement according to the principle of triangulation. The deviation from the design value can be calculated by measuring the shape of the work after processing using such an optical displacement sensor. It becomes possible to indirectly evaluate whether or not the wear of the tool deviates from the allowable range based on whether or not the deviation from the design value exceeds the allowable difference.

During the measurement by the measuring unit, the rotation axis of the work may be rotated, or the door may be moved at a predetermined speed along the rotation axis of the work to measure the outer shape of the work in detail. For these measurement operations, a program for measurement may be added to the machining program in advance, and a command may be output to the servo control unit or the auxiliary control unit via the command circuit.

[Tailstock mechanism]
The tailing mechanism includes a tailing portion having one end pressed against the other end surface of a work rotatably held by a work holder to avoid runout, an operating state in which the tailing portion abuts on the other end surface of the work, and a door. And a state switching mechanism for switching between a non-acting state positioned inside or in the vicinity of the retracted position.

When the door stops at a predetermined stop position, the auxiliary tool control unit controls the state switching mechanism so that the tailstock unit switches from the non-acting state to the working state. The tailing mechanism is a mechanism for preventing eccentricity of the work during machining, and is configured to switch from the non-acting state to the working state when the door is in the fully closed state.

[Steady rest]
The steady rest has a plurality of support rollers, one end of which is in contact with the peripheral surface of the work rotatably held by the work holder to avoid runout, an operating state in which the support rollers are in contact with the peripheral surface of the work, and a door A state switching mechanism for switching between a non-acting state positioned inside or in a retracted position in the vicinity thereof.

When the door controller stops the door at a predetermined stop position, the auxiliary tool controller controls the state switching mechanism so that the support roller switches from the non-acting state to the working state. The steady rest is also a mechanism for preventing eccentricity of the work during machining, and is configured to switch from the non-acting state to the working state when the door is fully closed.

[Workrest]
The work rest is used, for example, when the posture of the work needs to be changed during the machining process.The holding part temporarily supports the work held by the work holder, and the working state in which the holding part supports the work. And a state switching mechanism for switching between a non-operating state located inside or in the vicinity of the door in the retracted position.

When the door control section stops the door at a predetermined stop position, the auxiliary tool control section controls the state switching mechanism so that the holding section switches from the non-operating state to the operating state. It should be noted that the holding portion may be attached to the door so that the holding portion is in a working state of supporting the work, and in that case, the state switching mechanism need not be provided.

[Cleaning mechanism]
The cleaning mechanism includes a cleaning head that removes foreign matter such as chips accumulated on the guide rails, and a state switching mechanism that switches between a working state in which the cleaning head removes foreign matter and a standby non-operating state. ..

When the door control unit moves the door in the predetermined direction, the auxiliary tool control unit controls the state switching mechanism so that the cleaning head switches from the non-operating state to the operating state. A fluid ejecting nozzle that ejects a cleaning fluid toward the guide rail, a rotating brush that physically removes foreign matters on the guide rail, and the like are preferably used as the cleaning head. When the fluid ejection nozzle is used, the state switching mechanism is configured by a valve that switches between fluid ejection and stop. When the rotating brush is used, the state switching mechanism is configured by a motor that rotates the rotating brush. The cleaning mechanism basically does not need to be retracted near or inside the door when it is inactive, but like the other processing aids, it is configured so that it can be retracted near or inside the door by the state switching mechanism. May be.

The specific structure of the state switching mechanism provided in the above-described processing aid is not particularly limited, and a known link mechanism such as a four-bar linkage or a five-bar linkage including at least one degree-of-freedom chain can be appropriately adopted. .. Further, for example, by providing a rotating mechanism that variably adjusts the angle of the stationary node and an elevating mechanism that moves up and down the stationary node, it is possible to switch to an optimum operating state. In addition, a mechanism other than the link mechanism, for example, a rack and pinion mechanism, a power transmission mechanism that combines gears and belts, or any other known mechanism that can switch between the above-described two operating states and non-operating state may be adopted. it can.

[Another embodiment]
Hereinafter, another embodiment of the present invention will be described.
When the machining aid is for a workpiece, the door stop position at which the machining aid shifts to the working state is not limited to the fully open position or the fully closed position, but may be an intermediate position between the fully open position and the fully closed position. Good. Furthermore, the processing aid may be configured to shift to the operating state when the door moves at a predetermined speed. The same applies to the case where the processing aid is not directly related to the work as in the cleaning mechanism.

With machining aids such as the tailing mechanism and steady rest that require switching to the active state when machining a workpiece, the door must be fully closed to prevent chips and the like during machining from scattering outside. is there. In such a case, as shown in FIG. 7A, in order to move the processing aid 60 to an appropriate position along the rotation axis or the movement axis of the work, the processing aid 60 is moved relative to the door 14. It is preferably attached to the door 14 via a moving mechanism 60D capable of relative movement. For example, the tailing unit provided in the tailing mechanism can be pressed against the end surface of the work through the moving mechanism. As the moving mechanism, a known linear moving mechanism used for a machine tool may be used.

As shown in FIG. 7B, if the lateral width of the door 14 is wider than the opening of the opening 15 and the door 14 can be moved to either the left or right side of the opening 15, the above-described moving mechanism 60D is provided. There is no need. By moving the door 14 to the left or right while keeping the door 14 fully closed, the processing aid 60 can be moved to an appropriate position along the rotation axis or the movement axis of the workpiece.

Although the door with a sliding door structure in which one opening is opened and closed with one door has been described, even with a door with a sliding door structure in which one opening is opened and closed with multiple doors, the relative position of each door in the closed position. By being configured to be movable in the same direction while maintaining the position, it is possible to move the machining auxiliary tool to an appropriate position along the rotation axis or the movement axis of the workpiece without providing the movement mechanism as described above. ..

For example, two doors with double-opening structure that are opened and closed by moving to opposite sides so that they abut each other at the left and right center parts of the opening, or in the fully opened state, they are arranged in the thickness direction in a superimposed manner and move in the same direction The two doors have a single-opening structure that closes the opening with, or four doors that combine them. In this case as well, the lateral width of all the doors in the fully closed state needs to be wider than the frontage of the opening.

In FIG. 7C, the processing aids 60 provided on the two doors 14 having the double-opening structure are moved in one direction while maintaining the relative positions of the doors, so that the processing aids 60 are worked. It shows a configuration that can be moved to an appropriate position along the rotation axis and the movement axis of the.

The type and number of processing aids installed on the door are not particularly limited, and a plurality of processing aids may be installed on one door, or different processing aids may be provided on each of the plurality of doors. It may be installed.

In the above-described embodiment, the door that opens and closes the opening through which the worker enters and leaves is described, but the door that is the subject of the present invention is, for example, a door that opens and closes the opening for workpiece loading formed on the ceiling wall of the fixed cover. Needless to say, can also be applied.

Further, the opening/closing direction of the door may be the vertical direction. It is suitable when at least the moving direction of the door is arranged so as to open and close along any one of the X, Y, and Z processing axes that perform linear motion provided in the machine tool. It should be noted that it is not necessary to be configured to always move in parallel with any of the processing axes in the entire direction of movement of the door, and at least before and after the processing aid shifts to the working state, it moves in parallel with any of the processing axes. It may be configured as follows.

For example, in the case where the processing aid shifts to the working state and the working position is fixed with the door closed, it is also possible to adopt a door having a hinged door structure in addition to the door having a sliding door structure. ..

Although the embodiments and modes of the present invention have been described above, the disclosure may change in details of the configuration, and combinations of elements in the modes of implementation and modes, changes in order, and the like are claimed. It can be realized without departing from the scope and concept of the present invention.

According to the present invention, a machining aid is provided on a door, and the machining aid is moved in the movement axis direction of the door to be positioned, whereby a machine tool having a compact machining aid can be realized.

5: Spindle head 7: Tool 9: Work 10: Machine tool 13: Fixed cover 15: Opening 14: Door 20: Door control device 30: Servo control unit (servo amplifier)
32: Servo motor 34: Drive mechanism (power transmission mechanism)
50: Auxiliary tool control device 52: Auxiliary tool control part 54: Auxiliary tool actuator 60: Processing aid 61: Parts catcher 61A: Work receiving part 61B: State switching mechanism 61C: Work accommodating part 100: NC device 104: Command circuit (PLC circuit)
120: Operation panel 121: Output device (display device)
122: Input device 200: Door control system

Claims (3)

A door movable between an open position for opening the inside and a closed position for closing the inside,
A drive mechanism for moving the door to the open position or the closed position,
A parts catcher attached to the interior side of the door,
Equipped with
The parts catcher is configured to include a work receiving portion and a link mechanism that switches the work receiving portion between a work receiving posture and a retracted posture to the inside or the vicinity of the door.
The link mechanism is folded such that the work receiving portion is in the retracted posture in a state where the door is closed, and when the door moves a predetermined distance in the opening direction in the retracted posture, the work receiving portion is A machine tool that is configured to change its posture to a work-holding posture . The predetermined distance is a distance required for the work receiving part to avoid interference with the equipment installed inside, and further, the door is moved so that the work receiving part reaches the work receiving position. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the link mechanism switches the work receiving portion so that the work receiving portion is located immediately below the work. A servo control unit for controlling a servo motor provided in the drive mechanism to position and control the door at a predetermined position is provided, and the parts catcher is moved to a predetermined position along a movement axis or a rotation axis of the workpiece by the servo control section. machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the positioning movement.

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