JP6706020B2 - 視覚障害を処置する組成物と方法 - Google Patents
視覚障害を処置する組成物と方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6706020B2 JP6706020B2 JP2017529981A JP2017529981A JP6706020B2 JP 6706020 B2 JP6706020 B2 JP 6706020B2 JP 2017529981 A JP2017529981 A JP 2017529981A JP 2017529981 A JP2017529981 A JP 2017529981A JP 6706020 B2 JP6706020 B2 JP 6706020B2
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- crystallin
- lanosterol
- cataracts
- cataract
- lens
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Description
本出願は、2014年8月22日に出願された米国仮出願第62/040,721号と2015年7月17日に出願された米国仮出願第62/194,120の優先権の利益を主張するものであり、該文献は参照により全体として本明細書に組み込まれる。
本発明は、視覚障害を有するまたは発症させる危険のある個体の眼の中の水晶体の標準構造に影響を与える視覚障害を処置するおよび/または予防する際に本発明を使用する点眼用医薬組成物と方法を提供する。本明細書で記載されるように、眼の中の水晶体の標準構造に影響を与える視覚障害(本明細書では成句「視覚障害」として呼ぶ)とは、水晶体の構造に影響を与えて眼の水晶体の清澄性または硬さの変化といった視覚機能障害をもたらす疾患を指す。こうした疾患は白内障、老視および核硬化症を含んでいる。加えて、視覚障害とは、レフサム病、スミス−レムリ−オピッツ症候群(SLOS)やシュナイダー結晶状角膜ジストロフィー(SCCD)、無β−リポタンパク血症、および家族性の低β−リポタンパク血症などの網膜変性症を指す。ある実施形態では、本発明は、クリスタリンタンパク質凝集をその緩和するまたは覆すための組成物とその使用方法を提供する。代替的な実施形態では、水晶体の清澄性や屈折率に必要不可欠なマクロ構造を形成するタンパク質内またはタンパク質間の相互作用の破壊を阻害、処置、および/または予防するための組成物と方法が提供される。
当業者によって理解されるように、被験体へ化合物を投与する最も適切な方法は多くの因子に依存する。様々な実施形態では、本発明に係る化合物は、眼に局在的に、例えば、局所的に、結膜下に、眼球後方に、眼周囲に、網膜下に、脈絡膜上に、または眼内に投与される。
化合物を含む組成物は、医学的に許容可能なレベルの毒性で所望の生物学的作用を達成する治療上有効な量で提供される。組成物の量は、投与経路とその病気の重症度に依存して変動することもある。投与量は処置される各患者の体重、年齢、性別、および/または症状の程度に依存して調節されてもよい。正確な投与量と投与経路は最終的には付添いの医師または獣医の裁量である。処置される疾患の重症度と同様に患者の年齢と重量に依存して、投与量に通常の変化を付けることが必要なこともあることが認識されよう。投与の頻度は製剤と前述のパラメータに依存する。例えば、1日当たり2、3、4、または5回を含む、一日あたり少なくとも一度目薬を差すことが望ましいこともある。
様々な実施形態では、革新的な方法または組成物の化合物は、式Iの化合物を有するラノステロール:
本発明のいくつかの実施形態では、1つ以上の治療用化合物の医薬組成物は、薬学的に許容可能な担体中に1つ以上のこうした治療用化合物を処方することにより調製可能である。本明細書で使用されるように、「薬学的にまたは治療的に許容可能な担体」とは、活性成分の生物学的活性の有効性に干渉せず、宿主または患者に毒性ではない担体媒体を指す。医薬品の調製時に使用される担体の種類は、治療用化合物を投与する方法に依存する。様々な投与経路のために医薬組成物を調製する多くの方法が当該技術分野で周知である。
本発明の幾つかの実施形態は、眼疾患に関連した1以上の症状を予防及び/又は改善するためのキットに関するものである。キットは、本明細書に記載される治療用化合物の1以上を含有する1以上の容器を含み得る。化合物は、調製された医薬組成物として容器に存在し得、又は代替的に、化合物は処方されない場合もある。そのような実施形態において、キットは、容器の中に処方されていない化合物を含み得、これは薬学的に許容可能な担体とは別に存在している。使用前に、化合物は希釈されるか、又はそうでなければ薬学的に許容可能な担体と混合される。
本発明の幾つかの実施形態は、被験体に本発明のステロールを投与するための装置に関するものである。幾つかの実施形態において、装置は、薬学的に許容可能な担体において処方される本発明のステロールを含有する、内部、キャビティ、又はリザーバを含む。そのような実施形態において、薬学的に許容可能な担体は、限定されないが、溶液、ゲル剤、及び軟膏剤を含む。特定の実施形態において、内部、キャビティ、又はリザーバは、本明細書に記載される本発明のステロールを含有する医薬製剤の1つ以上を含有する。
ヒトの水晶体は、水晶体の透明度及び屈折率に不可欠な、高規則性の(highly ordered)相互に作用する肉眼組織に集められたクリスタリンタンパク質で主に構成される。タンパク質内又はタンパク質間の相互作用の任意の崩壊は、この繊細な構造を変化させ、それにより疎水性表面がさらされ、結果としてタンパク質凝集及び白内障形成が生じる。白内障は、何千万もの人々に影響を及ぼす、世界中における盲目の最も共通的な原因であり1、現在では、白内障水晶体の外科切除が唯一の処置である。水晶体タンパク質が凝集を防ぎ、且つ水晶体の透明度を維持する正確な機構は、大きく知られてはいない。ラノステロールは、水晶体中で豊富な両親媒性分子である。これは、コレステロール合成経路の重要な環化反応においてラノステロールシンターゼ(LSS)により合成される。ここで我々は、2つの家族における2つの別個のホモ接合LSSミスセンス突然変異(W581R及びG588S)を、広範囲の先天性白内障と同定する。これら突然変異は共に、高度に保存されたアミノ酸残基に影響を及びし、LSSの主要な触媒機能を損なわせる。突然変異型ではなく野生型のLSSの操作された発現は、様々な白内障を引き起こす突然変異型クリスタリンの細胞内タンパク質凝集を妨げる。コレステロールではなくラノステロールによる処置は、インビトロ及び細胞遺伝子導入実験の両方において、予め形成されたタンパク質凝集体を著しく減らした。我々は更に、ラノステロール処置が白内障の重症度を低下させ、解剖されたウサギの白内障水晶体及びイヌにおけるインビボでの白内障の重症度における透明度を増大することができることを示す。我々の研究は、ラノステロールを水晶体タンパク質凝集の予防における重要な分子と同定し、白内障の予防と処置のための新しい戦略を指摘する。
研究の参加者。参加者は全員、標準の完全な眼科検査と撮像研究を受けた。人口統計データ、危険因子、及び血液サンプルを最初の訪問時に集めた。2人の成人及び4人の子供から成る血縁家族を募集した。両親は近親者であり、4人の子供のうち3人は網膜変性と白内障を患っていると診断された(図1A)。追加で154の先天性白内障の系統におけるLSS突然変異についてスクリーニングを行い、ホモ接合体W581R突然変異を持つ別のファミリーを確認した。
レシピ
ビヒクルのみの溶液:
ヒドロキシプロピル−β−シクロデキストリン 165g
ポリソルベート 801g
EDTA2Na 1.1g
アルキルジメチルベンジルアンモニウム塩化物 0.055g
EtOH 200ml
次に、最終容量が1.1L(PH5.66)になるまで、ddH2Oを加える。
ビヒクル溶液中の5mMのラノステロール:
Lanosterol2.5g
ヒドロキシプロピル−β−シクロデキストリン 165g
ポリソルベート 801g
EDTA2Na 1.1g
アルキルジメチルベンジルアンモニウム塩化物 0.055g
EtOH 200ml
次に、最終容量が1.1L(PH5.66)になるまで、ddH2Oを加える。
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Claims (14)
- 被験体の視覚障害を処置および/または予防するための薬物の調製のための組成物の使用であって、前記組成物は薬学的に許容可能な点眼用担体と薬学的に有効な量のラノステロールを含み、
前記視覚障害は、白内障、先天性白内障、および、後嚢下白内障からなる群から選択され、あるいは、前記視覚障害は、クリスタリンタンパク質のアミロイド様原線維に関連付けられる、使用。 - 前記被験体は眼の中の水晶体の標準構造に影響を与える視覚障害を有しているか、それを発症させる危険がある、請求項1に記載の使用。
- 前記視覚障害は、白内障、先天性白内障、および、後嚢下白内障からなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の使用。
- 前記薬学的に有効な量のラノステロールは水晶体クリスタリンタンパク質凝集を阻害する、請求項1に記載の使用。
- 被験体の白内障または盲目/視力低下を処置するための薬物の調製のための組成物の使用であって、前記組成物は、薬学的に許容可能な点眼用担体と薬学的に有効な量のラノステロールを含み、前記白内障または盲目/視力低下はクリスタリンタンパク質のアミロイド様原線維に関連付けられ、前記薬学的に有効な量のラノステロールはクリスタリンタンパク質のアミロイド様原線維を溶かす、使用。
- 水晶体クリスタリンタンパク質は、α−クリスタリン、β−クリスタリン、またはγ−クリスタリンのいずれかである、請求項4に記載の使用。
- 前記被験体は、両生類、爬虫類、鳥類、および哺乳類からなる群から選択される、請求項1−6のいずれか1つに記載の使用。
- 前記哺乳類は、げっ歯動物、ネコ、イヌ、ブタ、ウマ、およびヒトからなる群から選択される、請求項7に記載の使用。
- 前記視覚障害はクリスタリンタンパク質のアミロイド様原線維に関連付けられる、請求項1−8のいずれか1つに記載の使用。
- 前記薬学的に有効な量のラノステロールは、クリスタリンタンパク質のアミロイド様原線維を溶かす、請求項9に記載の使用。
- 前記視覚障害は、白内障、先天性白内障、および、後嚢下白内障からなる群から選択される、請求項1−10のいずれか1つに記載の使用。
- 前記視覚障害は白内障である、請求項11に記載の使用。
- 被験体の眼の標準構造に影響を与える視覚障害を処置するおよび/または予防するためのキットであって、該キットは、薬学的に有効な量のラノステロールの製剤、薬学的に許容可能な担体、前記障害を処置および/または予防するように前記製剤を投与するための説明書を含み、前記視覚障害は、白内障、先天性白内障、および、後嚢下白内障からなる群から選択され、あるいは、前記視覚障害は、クリスタリンタンパク質のアミロイド様原線維に関連付けられる、キット。
- 被験体の視覚障害を処置するおよび/または予防するための点眼用医薬組成物であって、前記点眼用医薬組成物は、薬学的に許容可能な点眼用担体と薬学的に有効な量のラノステロールを含み、前記視覚障害は、白内障、先天性白内障、および、後嚢下白内障からなる群から選択され、あるいは、前記視覚障害は、クリスタリンタンパク質のアミロイド様原線維に関連付けられる、点眼用医薬組成物。
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CN109481450B (zh) * | 2015-09-02 | 2021-07-23 | 盛世泰科生物医药技术(苏州)有限公司 | 一种用于预防和治疗白内障的眼用制剂及其制备方法 |
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