JP6683606B2 - 原油を石油化学製品に転化する、炭素利用率の改善された方法および装置 - Google Patents
原油を石油化学製品に転化する、炭素利用率の改善された方法および装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6683606B2 JP6683606B2 JP2016522566A JP2016522566A JP6683606B2 JP 6683606 B2 JP6683606 B2 JP 6683606B2 JP 2016522566 A JP2016522566 A JP 2016522566A JP 2016522566 A JP2016522566 A JP 2016522566A JP 6683606 B2 JP6683606 B2 JP 6683606B2
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Classifications
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- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G9/34—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts
- C10G9/36—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts with heated gases or vapours
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
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- C10G47/02—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions characterised by the catalyst used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G47/00—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
- C10G47/02—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G47/10—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions characterised by the catalyst used with catalysts deposited on a carrier
- C10G47/12—Inorganic carriers
- C10G47/14—Inorganic carriers the catalyst containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G47/00—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
- C10G47/02—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G47/10—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions characterised by the catalyst used with catalysts deposited on a carrier
- C10G47/12—Inorganic carriers
- C10G47/16—Crystalline alumino-silicate carriers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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- C10G47/00—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
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Description
この方法において原油蒸留により生成されたナフサ、灯油および軽油の1つ以上;並びに
この方法において生成された精製ユニット由来軽質蒸留物および/または精製ユニット由来中間蒸留物、
を含むものである方法を提供する。
前記方法において原油蒸留により生成されたナフサ、灯油および軽油の1つ以上、並びに
前記方法において生成された精製ユニット由来軽質蒸留物および/または精製ユニット由来中間蒸留物、
を含む。
前記方法において原油蒸留により生成されたナフサ、灯油および軽油の2つ以上、並びに
前記方法において生成された精製ユニット由来軽質蒸留物および/または精製ユニット由来中間蒸留物、
を含むことが好ましい。
前記方法において原油蒸留により生成されたナフサ、灯油および軽油、並びに
前記方法において生成された精製ユニット由来軽質蒸留物および/または精製ユニット由来中間蒸留物、
を含むことがより好ましい。
前記方法において原油蒸留により生成されたナフサ、灯油および軽油の1つ以上、並びに
前記方法において生成された精製ユニット由来軽質蒸留物および精製ユニット由来中間蒸留物、
を含むことが特別に好ましい。
前記方法において原油蒸留により生成されたナフサ、灯油および軽油の2つ以上、並びに
前記方法において生成された精製ユニット由来軽質蒸留物および精製ユニット由来中間蒸留物、
を含むことがより特別に好ましい。
前記方法において原油蒸留により生成されたナフサ、灯油および軽油、並びに
前記方法において生成された精製ユニット由来軽質蒸留物および精製ユニット由来中間蒸留物、
を含むことが最も好ましい。
(a) 原油に原油蒸留を行って、気体分画、ナフサ、灯油、軽油および残油を生成する工程、
(b) 残油に残油アップグレードを行って、LPG、軽質蒸留物および中間蒸留物を生成する工程、
(c) 残油アップグレードにより生成された中間蒸留物と、灯油および軽油からなる群より選択される1つ以上とに芳香環開環を行って、LPGおよび軽質蒸留物を生成する工程、
(d) 残油アップグレードにより生成された軽質蒸留物、芳香環開環により生成された軽質蒸留物、およびナフサに水素化分解を行って、LPGおよびBTXを生成する工程、および
(e) この統合方法において生成されたLPGにオレフィン合成を行う工程、
を含むことが好ましい。
この方法において原油蒸留により生成されたナフサ、灯油および軽油の1つ以上;並びに
この方法において生成された精製ユニット由来軽質蒸留物および/または精製ユニット由来中間蒸留物、
を含み、
オレフィン合成が、エタンの熱分解、プロパンの熱分解、ブタンの熱分解、プロパンの脱水素化およびブタンの脱水素化からなる群より選択されるものである統合方法を提供する。
この方法において原油蒸留により生成されたナフサ、灯油および軽油の1つ以上;並びに
この方法において生成された精製ユニット由来軽質蒸留物および/または精製ユニット由来中間蒸留物、
を含み、
オレフィン合成が、エタンの熱分解およびプロパンの脱水素化を含むものである統合方法を提供する。
原油(100)の入口と、ナフサ、灯油および軽油の1つ以上(310)の少なくとも1つの出口とを有する原油蒸留ユニット(10);
水素化分解装置供給物(301)の入口と、LPG(210)の出口と、BTX(600)の出口とを有する水素化分解装置(20);および
統合石油化学プロセス装置により生成されたLPG(200)の入口と、オレフィン(500)の出口とを有するオレフィン合成ユニット(30);
を備えたプロセス装置であり、
水素化分解装置供給物が、
原油蒸留ユニット(10)により生成されたナフサ、灯油および軽油の1つ以上;並びに
前記統合石油化学プロセス装置により生成された精製ユニット由来軽質蒸留物および/または精製ユニット由来中間蒸留物、
を含む、プロセス装置に関する。
灯油および軽油からなる群より選択される1つ以上(330)並びに精製ユニット由来中間蒸留物(331)の入口と、芳香環開環により生成されたLPG(222)の出口と、芳香環開環により生成された軽質蒸留物(322)の出口とを有する芳香環開環ユニット(22)を備えることが好ましい。本発明のこの態様が図2に示されている(図2)。
前記統合方法において生成された気体(200)の入口、エタン(240)の出口、およびプロパン(250)の出口を有する気体分離ユニット(50);
エタン(240)の入口およびエチレン(510)の出口を有するエタン分解装置(31);および
プロパン(250)の入口およびプロピレン(520)の出口を有するプロパン脱水素化ユニット(32)をさらに備えることが好ましい。本発明のこの態様が図4に示されている(図4)。
ここに与えられた実験データは、Aspen Plusにおける工程図モデル化により得た。水蒸気分解反応速度論を厳格に考慮した(水蒸気分解生成物分量の計算のためのソフトウェア)。以下の水蒸気分解炉の条件を適用した:エタンおよびプロパン炉:コイル出口温度(COT)=845℃、水蒸気対油比=0.37、C4炉および液体炉:コイル出口温度=820℃、水蒸気対油比=0.37。供給物水素化分解について、実験データに基づく反応スキームを使用した。ガソリン水素化分解がその後に続く芳香環開環について、多数の芳香族化合物の全てがBTXおよびLPGに転化され、ナフテン化合物およびパラフィン化合物の全てがLPGに転化された反応スキームを使用した。プロパン脱水素化およびブタン脱水素化からの生成物分量は文献のデータに基づくものであった。残油水素化分解装置は、文献からのデータに基づいてモデル化した。
(石油化学製品中の総炭素質量)/(原油中の総炭素質量)
として決定される。
実施例1は、以下を除いて、前記比較例と同一である:
最初に、蒸留のナフサ分画がFHCユニット内で転化されて、BTX(生成物)およびLPG(中間体)を生じる。このLPGは、エタン分画、プロパン分画およびブタン分画に分離され、これらの分画は水蒸気分解される。
実施例2は、以下を除いて、実施例1と同一である:
最初に、残油を残油水素化分解装置においてアップグレードして、気体、軽質蒸留物および中間蒸留物を生成する。残油水素化分解により生成された気体は水蒸気分解されている。残油水素化分解により生成された軽質蒸留物は、FHCユニットに供給されており、BTX(生成物)およびLPG(中間体)を生じる。このLPGは、エタン分画、プロパン分画、およびブタン分画に分離され、これらの分画は水蒸気分解される。残油水素化分解により生成された中間蒸留物に芳香環開環が行われる。この芳香環開環は、1つの芳香環を維持する工程条件下で作動される。芳香環開環ユニットからの流出物は、GHCユニット内でさらに処理されて、BTXおよびLPGを生じる。このLPGは、エタン分画、プロパン分画、およびブタン分画に分離され、これらの分画は水蒸気分解される。
実施例3は、以下を除いて、実施例2と同一である:
ARO−GHCユニットからのプロパンおよびブタンは、水蒸気分解されていないが、プロピレンおよびブテンに脱水素化される(プロパンのプロピレンへの最終的な選択率は90%であり、n−ブタンからn−ブテンは90%であり、i−ブタンからi−ブテンは90%である)。
20 水素化分解ユニット
22 芳香環開環ユニット
23 供給物水素化分解装置
24 ガソリン水素化分解装置
30 オレフィン合成ユニット
31 エタン分解装置
32 プロパン脱水素化ユニット
33 ブタン脱水素化ユニット
40 残油アップグレードユニット、好ましくは残油水素化分解装置
50 気体分離ユニット
100 原油
200 統合方法において生成されたLPG
210 水素化分解装置からのLPG
212 供給物水素化分解装置からのLPG
213 ガソリン水素化分解装置からのLPG
220 原油蒸留により得られた気体分画に含まれるLPGおよび統合方法において生成された精製ユニット由来LPG
222 芳香環開環により生成されたLPG
223 残油アップグレードにより生成されたLPG
230 原油蒸留による気体分画
240 エタン
250 プロパン
260 ブタン
301 水素化分解装置供給物
310 原油蒸留ユニットにより生成されたナフサ、灯油および軽油の1つ以上
311 原油蒸留により生成されたナフサ
320 統合方法において生成された精製ユニット由来軽質蒸留物および/または精製ユニット由来中間蒸留物
321 統合方法において生成された精製ユニット由来軽質蒸留物
322 芳香環開環により生成された軽質蒸留物
323 残油アップグレードにより生成された軽質蒸留物
325 精製ユニット由来軽質蒸留物の少なくとも一部
330 原油蒸留により生成された灯油および軽油からなる群より選択される1つ以上
331 精製ユニット由来中間蒸留物
333 残油アップグレードにより生成された中間蒸留物
400 残油
401 精製ユニット由来重質蒸留物
420 残油アップグレードにより生成された重質蒸留物
500 オレフィン
510 エタンの分解により生成されたエチレン
520 プロパンの脱水素化により生成されたプロピレン
530 ブタンの脱水素化により生成されたC4オレフィン
600 BTX
610 芳香族化により精製されたBTX
701 気体分離により生成されたメタン
710 エタンの分解により生成されたメタン
810 エタンの分解により生成された水素
820 プロパンの脱水素化により生成された水素
830 ブタンの脱水素化により生成された水素
Claims (1)
- 原油を石油化学製品に転化するための統合方法を実施するための以下を備えるプロセス装置であって、
原油(100)のための入口と、気体分画(230)、ナフサ(311)、灯油および/または軽油(330)、および残油(400)の出口とを含み、前記ナフサ、灯油および/または軽油、および残油を生成する、原油蒸留ユニット(10)と、
第1の水素化分解装置(23)であって、水素化分解装置供給物(301)の入口と、該第1の水素化分解装置により生成されたLPG(212)の出口と、BTX(600)の出口とを有する、第1の水素化分解装置(23)と、
芳香環開環ユニット(22)であって、前記原油蒸留ユニット(10)により生成された灯油および/または軽油(330)の入口と、該芳香族環開口ユニットによって生成されたLPG(222)の出口と、該芳香族環開口ユニットによって生成された軽質蒸留物(322)の出口とを含む、芳香環開環ユニット(22)と、
第2の水素化分解装置(24)であって、前記芳香族環開口ユニットにより生成された軽質蒸留物(322)の入口と、該第2の水素化分解装置により生成されたLPG(213)の出口と、BTX(600)の出口とを有する、第2の水素化分解装置(24)と、
残油アップグレードユニット(40)であって、前記原油蒸留ユニット(10)により生成された残油(400)の入口と、該残油アップグレードユニットにより生成されたLPG(223)、軽質蒸留物(323)、中間蒸留物(333)、および重質蒸留物(420)の出口とを有する、残油アップグレードユニット(40)と、
前記統合方法において生成されたLPG(200)の入口と、エタン(240)の出口と、プロパン(250)の出口と、ブタン(260)の出口とを有する気体分離ユニット(50)と、
前記エタン(240)の入口と、エチレン(510)の出口とを有するエタン分解装置(31)、
前記プロパン(250)の入口と、プロピレン(520)の出口とを有するプロパン脱水素化ユニット(32)と、
前記ブタン(260)の入口と、ブチレン(530)の出口とを有するブタン脱水素化ユニット(33)と、
を備え、
前記水素化分解装置供給物(301)が、前記原油蒸留ユニット(10)により生成されたナフサ、および前記残油アップグレードユニット(40)により生成された軽質蒸留物(323)を含み、
前記中間蒸留物(333)が、前記芳香環開環ユニット(22)の前記入口に供給される、
プロセス装置。
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