JP6678440B2 - Construction method of viaduct, installation method and removal method of container and support used for this - Google Patents

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for constructing a viaduct having a middle beam, a container used for the method, and a method for installing and removing a shoring.

  In recent years, railway overpass construction has been one of the main types of railway construction. By raising the railway, in addition to eliminating traffic congestion due to railroad crossings, the state where the urban area is divided by the railway is eliminated, and the advanced use of land around the station is promoted. Patent Literature 1 discloses a method for constructing a work floor for working at heights that can be applied to viaduct construction.

JP 2012-12835 A

  Railroad elevated works are often performed at sites where buildings, roads, and other railroads are in close proximity. In particular, there is a high possibility that the site is a narrow site around the main station located in the center of the city. In such a site, there is a case where it is not possible to secure a space for arranging the heavy crane beside the place where the viaduct is to be constructed.

  The viaduct 20 shown in FIGS. 13A to 13C includes a lower pillar 3, a middle beam 4 (a middle horizontal beam 4 a and a middle vertical beam 4 b), an upper pillar 5, an upper beam 6, and an upper slab 7. When the viaduct 20 having such a configuration is constructed in a narrow site, the crane heavy equipment 50 cannot be arranged beside the viaduct 20 under construction, and the removal work of the shoring used for the construction of the upper beam 6 and the upper slab 7 is efficiently performed. There was a problem that can not be implemented. In other words, when the crane heavy equipment 50 cannot be arranged on the side of the viaduct 20 under construction, the crane heavy equipment 50 has to be arranged on an extension of the viaduct 20 as shown in FIG. There is a problem that the work of lowering a large number of the support materials 32 to be removed to the ground by the crane heavy equipment 50 cannot be efficiently performed due to restrictions such as the angle at which they are removed. In particular, since it is necessary to carry out the work while ensuring the safety of workers at high places, a narrow site poses a problem that the construction period becomes longer.

  The present invention relates to the construction of a viaduct capable of efficiently and safely constructing a viaduct even in a narrow site where it is not possible to secure a space for placing a heavy machine such as a crane on a side of a place where the viaduct is to be constructed. The aim is to provide a method. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for installing and removing a container and a shoring used in the method for constructing the viaduct.

  The present invention provides a viaduct construction container used in construction of a viaduct having a middle beam. The container includes a storage part capable of storing a plurality of support materials, and a frame part that forms the storage part, and the frame part is fixed to a middle beam together with the plurality of support materials. Construct a shoring to build the structure above the beams.

  The container plays a role of transporting a plurality of shoring materials in a housed state, and plays a role as a part of the shoring when the container is fixed to the middle beam at a predetermined place. . More specifically, after transporting a container containing a plurality of support materials to the level of the middle beam, and fixing it at that position, the frame part can be part of the support. In addition, a shoring can be constructed by assembling a plurality of shoring materials taken out of the container storage portion and the frame portion. By using the frame portion of the container as a part of the shoring work, the time required for the shoring work can be sufficiently reduced. In addition, the container is also useful when removing a support after constructing a structure (for example, an upper beam and an upper slab) above the middle beam. That is, the frequency of using the crane heavy equipment can be sufficiently reduced by storing the support material dismantled manually and transporting the container to the ground. By reducing the frequency of work at heights performed in cooperation with the heavy crane, the safety of workers can be sufficiently ensured.

  The present invention provides a viaduct construction system used in construction work for viaducts having middle beams. This system includes the container according to the present invention, elevating means for elevating and lowering the container, and fixing means for fixing the container to the middle beam.

  According to the above system, when constructing or removing the shoring work, the plurality of shoring works can be efficiently transported by raising and lowering the container housing the plurality of shoring works by the elevating means. The viaduct construction system may include a plurality of the above containers. In this case, the system further includes a container, and moving means for moving the container in the width direction of the viaduct in a state where at least one of the plurality of containers is transported to the height of the middle beam by the elevating means. Is preferred. Thereby, a plurality of containers can be arranged in parallel with the middle beam (see FIG. 7).

  The present invention provides a method of installing a shoring on a middle beam (construction method of a shoring) in a construction work for constructing a viaduct having a middle beam. The installation method of this shoring method, a step of accommodating a plurality of shoring materials in the container of the viaduct construction system, and a step of transporting the container containing the plurality of shoring materials to the height of the middle beam by lifting means, The method includes a step of fixing the container to the middle beam by the fixing means at the height of the middle beam, and a step of installing the shoring by using the plurality of shoring materials taken out of the container and the frame portion of the container in combination. .

  The installation method of the shoring may use a plurality of containers. In this case, the installation method of the shoring method includes a step of storing a plurality of shoring materials in at least one container of the plurality of containers of the viaduct building system, and a method of moving the plurality of containers to the height of the middle beam by the elevating means. A step of transporting at least one of the plurality of containers in the width direction such that the plurality of containers transported at the height of the middle beam are aligned in the width direction of the viaduct; And fixing the plurality of containers to the middle beams by the fixing means, and installing the shoring by using the plurality of shoring materials taken out of the container and the frame portion of the container together. Is preferred.

  The present invention provides a method of removing a shoring installed on a middle beam (construction removing method) during construction of a viaduct having a middle beam. The method of removing the shoring includes disassembling the shoring installed by the above-described method of setting the shoring, and storing a plurality of shoring materials generated by the demolition of the shoring in a container at the height of the middle beam. And releasing the container from being fixed to the middle beam by the fixing means, and lowering the container from the height of the middle beam by the elevating means.

  When the shoring is installed using multiple containers, the method of removing the shoring is based on the steps of dismantling the shoring and the shoring materials generated by the demolition of the shoring. Accommodating at least one of the plurality of containers in the container, releasing the plurality of containers from being fixed to the middle beam by the fixing means, and holding the plurality of containers at the height of the middle beam. And lowering each of the plurality of containers by an elevating means. Prior to lowering each of the plurality of containers, at least one of the plurality of containers is moved in the width direction of the viaduct.

  The present invention provides a method for building a viaduct having a middle beam. This construction method includes a step of providing a plurality of first columns so as to be arranged in a longitudinal direction of a place where a viaduct is to be constructed, a step of providing a middle beam at an upper end of the plurality of first columns, Providing a plurality of second pillars respectively extending in the longitudinal direction, installing a plurality of shoring materials together with a plurality of shoring materials taken out of the container and a frame portion of the container, Providing a plurality of upper beams and upper slabs to a plurality of second pillars via a plurality of second pillars, and removing the support on the container by the above-described method of removing the support.

  Advantageous Effects of Invention According to the present invention, it is possible to sufficiently efficiently and safely construct a viaduct even in a narrow site where it is not possible to secure a space for arranging heavy equipment such as a crane beside a place where a viaduct is to be constructed. Become.

FIG. 1A is a side cross-sectional view of an example of a viaduct constructed by a method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along line bb shown in FIG. is there. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of the container according to the present invention. FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which lower pillars (first pillars) are provided so as to be arranged in a longitudinal direction of a place where a viaduct is to be constructed, and FIG. 3B is a sectional view of FIG. It is sectional drawing in the bb line shown. FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a middle beam is provided at the upper end of the lower pillar, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along line bb shown in FIG. 4A. FIG. 5A is a sectional view showing a state in which an upper pillar (second pillar) extending upward from the middle beam is provided, and FIG. 5B is a sectional view taken along line bb shown in FIG. FIG. FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a plurality of containers are fixed to the middle beam, and FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view taken along line bb shown in FIG. 6A. FIGS. 7A to 7C are cross-sectional views illustrating a process of fixing a plurality of containers to the middle beam. FIG. 8A is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a plurality of containers and a large number of support materials are used to support the middle beam, and FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view taken along line bb in FIG. It is sectional drawing in a line. FIG. 9A is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a plurality of upper beams and upper slabs are provided on a plurality of second pillars via supports, and FIG. 9B is a sectional view of FIG. 9A. It is sectional drawing in the bb line shown. FIG. 10A is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a large number of disassembled support materials are accommodated in a plurality of containers, and FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view taken along line bb shown in FIG. is there. FIG. 11A is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a container containing a large number of support materials is lowered to the ground by a hoist, and FIG. 11B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line bb shown in FIG. FIG. FIG. 12A is a cross-sectional view showing a state where construction of a predetermined section has been completed, and FIG. 12B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line bb shown in FIG. FIG. 13A is a plan view showing a state in which a crane heavy machine is arranged on an extension of the viaduct under construction, and FIG. 13B is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the crane heavy machine is carrying a support material by the crane heavy machine. FIG. 13C is a cross-sectional view taken along line cc shown in FIG.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the same elements or elements having the same functions will be denoted by the same reference symbols, without redundant description. Here, an example will be described in which a viaduct is constructed at a narrow site where a space for placing a crane heavy machine cannot be secured on a side of a place where the viaduct should be constructed.

  FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B are views showing viaducts constructed by the construction method of the present embodiment. The viaduct 10 shown in these figures includes a foundation pile 1 provided underground, an underground beam 2 provided as necessary, and a plurality of lower pillars (first pillars) extending upward from the foundation pile 1. ) 3, middle beams 4 (middle beams 4 a and middle beams 4 b) provided on the upper end side of the lower pillar 3, and upper pillars (second pillars) 5 extending upward from the middle beams 4, respectively. , An upper beam 6 and an upper slab 7 provided on the upper end side of the upper column 5, respectively. The viaduct 10 is mainly constructed by casting concrete, and the formwork is supported by supports.

  The viaduct 10 is constructed by a construction method using the container 30 shown in FIG. The container 30 includes a storage portion 30a that can store the plurality of support materials 32, and a frame portion 30b that forms the storage portion 30a. The frame portion 30b constitutes a supporter 35 together with the plurality of supporters 32 while being fixed to the middle-layer beam 4 (see FIG. 9).

  The mode of the container 30 is not limited to the one shown in FIG. 2, and the mode may be appropriately set according to the size or weight of the viaduct 10 to be constructed, the size of the site, the number of the support materials 32 to be accommodated, and the like. Good. For example, a steel material may be used as the frame portion 30b. For example, braces may be provided on the side surfaces of the frame portion 30b so as to increase the strength of the frame portion 30b and prevent the contents from dropping.

  In the present embodiment, together with the container 30 shown in FIG. 2, containers 31 and 31 having different sizes from the container 30 are used (see FIG. 6). The container 31 has the same configuration as that of the container 30 except that the width is narrow, that is, the container 31 has a storage portion 31a and a frame portion 31b. Since the containers 30 and 31 may be hoisted by a hoist or a crane, it is preferable that the containers 30 and 31 have a projection (not shown) for hanging a hook.

The method for constructing a highly crosslinked structure according to the present embodiment includes the following steps.
(A) A step of providing a plurality of lower pillars 3 so as to be arranged in a longitudinal direction of a place where a viaduct 10 is to be constructed.
(B) A step of providing a middle beam 4 at the upper end of the plurality of lower pillars 3.
(C) a step of providing a plurality of upper columns 5 each extending upward from the middle beam 4 so as to be arranged in the longitudinal direction.
(D) A step of fixing the containers 30, 31, 31 to the middle beam 4.
(E) A step of using the frame portion 30b of the container 30 and the plurality of support materials 32 to install the support 35 on the middle beam 4.
(F) A step of providing the upper beam 6 and the upper slab 7 on the plurality of upper columns 5 via the supports 35.
(G) A step of removing the shoring 35 using the container 30.
Hereinafter, each step will be described.

<(A) process>
FIGS. 3A and 3B show a state where the lower pillars 3 are provided so as to be arranged in a longitudinal direction of a place where a viaduct is to be constructed. Each lower pillar 3 is constructed so as to extend upward from the underground beam 2.

<(B) process>
FIGS. 4A and 4B show a state in which an intermediate beam 4 is provided at the upper end of the lower pillar 3. The middle layer beam 4 includes a middle layer horizontal beam 4a and a middle layer vertical beam 4b, which may be formed simultaneously or sequentially.

<(C) process>
FIGS. 5A and 5B show a state in which an upper column 5 extending upward from the middle beam 4 is provided. Each upper column 5 is constructed so as to extend upward from the middle beam 4.

<(D) process>
FIGS. 6A and 6B show a state in which a plurality of containers 30, 31, 31 each containing a large number of support materials 32 are fixed to the middle beam 4. As shown in FIG. 6B, the container 30 having the configuration shown in FIG. 2 is arranged at the center position in the width direction of the viaduct, and the containers 31 are arranged on both sides thereof. In addition, in order to minimize the work at a high place (the height of the middle beam 4), the support material 32 may be assembled on the ground to such an extent that it can be accommodated in the containers 30, 31, 31. Examples of the support material 32 include a framework scaffold, H steel, a steel frame such as a pipe, and a breath. Other materials may be accommodated and transported in the containers 30, 31, 31 together with the support material 32.

  With reference to FIGS. 7A to 7C, an operation for fixing a plurality of containers to the middle beam 4 and a system (including a container as a configuration) used for the operation will be described. The viaduct construction system 60 used in this step fixes the plurality of containers 30, 31, 31, the elevating means 42 for elevating the containers 30, 31, 31, and the plurality of containers 30, 31, 31 to the middle beam 4. And a moving means 47 for moving the containers 31, 31 in the width direction of the viaduct 10 in a state in which the containers 31, 31 are transported to the height of the middle beam 4 by the elevating means 42. . Specific examples of the lifting / lowering means 42 include a hoist and a chain block. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a temporary frame 43 (horizontal beam) may be installed on the upper column 5, and a hoist may be installed on the frame 43. By operating the hoist, the container can be transported upward (see the arrow in FIG. 7A).

  In the present embodiment, as the fixing means, a horizontal beam 45 detachably fixed on the pair of middle vertical beams 4b is adopted. The containers 30, 31, 31 are fixed to the middle beams 4 via horizontal beams 45 having the following configuration. The center part 45a of the horizontal beam 45 is configured to be dividable. The central portion 45a is fixed to the bottom surface of the container 30, and moves up and down together with the container 30 (see FIG. 11B). The central portion 45a is fixed to both side portions 45b, 45b (an installation portion of the container 31) of the horizontal beam 45 by a joint portion (not shown) provided with a bolt or the like. The containers 31, 31 are also fixed to the horizontal beams 45 (both sides 45b, 45b) by bolts or the like.

  As one mode of the moving means 47, a guide rail (not shown) provided on the temporary frame 43 is exemplified. A plurality of hoists (elevating means) may be installed on this guide rail, and these hoists may move along the guide rail (see the arrow in FIG. 7B).

<(E) process>
8 (a) and 8 (b) show a state in which a supporter 35 is installed on the middle beam 4 by containers 30, 31, 31 and a large number of supporters 32. FIG. The support materials 32 are taken out of the containers 30, 31, 31 and assembled on the containers 30, 31, 31 and other necessary parts. As a result, the shoring 35 is constructed by the containers 30, 31, 31 and the shoring material 32.

<(F) process>
FIGS. 9A and 9B show a state in which the upper beam 6 and the upper slab 7 are provided on the upper column 5 via the support structure 35. The upper beam 6 is formed between two upper columns 5 forming a pair. The upper slab 7 forms the upper surface of the viaduct 10. A railroad or a road is finally laid on the upper surface of the viaduct 10.

<(G) process>
FIGS. 10A and 10B show a state in which a large number of dismantled support materials 32 are stacked in containers 30, 31, 31. After the container 30 is lifted by the elevating means 42 from this state, the fixed state of the central portion 45a by the joint portion is released. Thereafter, the container 30 is lowered onto the ground together with the central portion 45a of the horizontal beam 45 (see FIGS. 11A and 11B). In order to lower the containers 30, 31, 31 onto the ground, it is only necessary to use the lifting / lowering means 42 and the moving means 47 provided on the frame 43. For example, the container 30 can be transported downward by operating the hoist (see the arrow in FIG. 11B). After removing the container 30, the containers 31, 31 are sequentially lowered to the ground using the moving means 47 and the elevating means 42. In addition, in order to minimize the work in the high places (the height of the middle beam 4), the support material 32 is dismantled to the extent that it can be accommodated in the containers 30, 31, 31 and the containers 30, 31, 31 are lowered to the ground. After that, the support material 32 may be completely dismantled. The frame 43 and the horizontal beam 45 may be removed at an appropriate timing.

  FIGS. 12A and 12B show a state where the construction of a predetermined section has been completed. By repeating the series of steps (A) to (G) a required number of times while moving in the longitudinal direction of the viaduct 10 to be constructed, the viaduct 10 having a predetermined length is constructed. In addition, when the length of the high bridge 10 is short, it is also possible to construct it once without repeating the series of steps (A) to (G).

  According to the above embodiment, a narrow site where it is not possible to secure a space for arranging the crane heavy equipment beside the place where the viaduct 10 is to be constructed by using the containers 30, 31, 31 for installation and removal of the shoring 35. Even so, the highly crosslinked structure 10 can be constructed efficiently and safely. The containers 30, 31, 31 play a role of collectively transporting a large number of support materials 32 used for constructing the upper beams 6 and the upper slab 7 to the height of the middle beams 4, and the containers 30, 31, 31. Can be taken as a part of the support 35 in a state where is fixed to the middle beam 4. By using the frame portions 30b, 31b, 31b of the containers 30, 31, 31 as a part of the shoring 35, the time required for installing and removing the shoring 35 can be sufficiently reduced. In particular, the frequency of using the crane heavy equipment can be sufficiently reduced in dismantling the support structure 35 and carrying out a large number of the support materials 32 accompanying the disassembly. By reducing the frequency of work at heights performed in cooperation with the heavy crane, the safety of workers can be sufficiently ensured.

  As described above, the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For example, in the above embodiment, the case where the viaduct 10 is constructed using the plurality of containers 30, 31, 31 is exemplified, but the viaduct may be constructed using only one container.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Foundation pile, 2 ... Underground beam, 3 ... Lower column (1st column), 4 ... Middle layer beam, 4a ... Middle layer horizontal beam, 4b ... Middle layer vertical beam, 5 ... Upper column (2nd column), 6 ... upper beam, 7 ... upper slab, 10 ... viaduct, 30, 31 ... container, 30a, 31a ... accommodation part, 30b, 31b ... frame part, 32 ... support material, 35 ... support work, 42 ... elevating means, 43 ... frame, 45 ... horizontal beam (fixing means), 45a ... central part, 45b, 45b ... both side parts, 47 ... moving means, 60 ... viaduct construction system.

Claims (9)

A container used in construction of a viaduct having a middle-rise beam,
An accommodating section capable of accommodating a plurality of support materials,
A frame part that constitutes the housing part,
A central part comprising a horizontal beam for fixing the container to the middle beam, together with both side portions provided on the middle beam,
With
The frame portion constitutes a support for building a structure above the middle beam with the plurality of support materials in a state fixed to the middle beam,
A viaduct construction container in which the horizontal beam is configured such that the central portion is dividable and the central portion is fixed to the bottom of the container. A viaduct construction system used in construction of a viaduct having a middle-rise beam,
A container according to claim 1 ,
And lifting means for raising and lowering the previous SL container,
Fixing means for fixing the container to the middle beam,
Viaduct construction system to obtain Bei the. A viaduct construction system used in construction of a viaduct having a middle-rise beam,
A plurality of containers according to claim 1 ;
And lifting means for raising and lowering the previous Symbol plurality of containers,
Moving means for moving the container in the width direction of the viaduct in a state in which at least one container of the plurality of containers is transported to the height of the middle beam by the elevating means,
Fixing means for fixing the container to the middle beam,
Viaduct construction system to obtain Bei the. A method of installing a shoring on the middle beam in the construction of a viaduct having a middle beam,
A step of accommodating a plurality of support materials in the container of the viaduct construction system according to claim 2,
Transporting the container containing the plurality of support materials to the height of the middle beam by the elevating means,
Fixing the container to the middle beam by the fixing means at the height of the middle beam;
A step of installing the shoring using the plurality of shoring materials taken out of the container and the frame portion of the container,
Including, how to install the shoring. A method of installing a shoring on the middle beam in the construction of a viaduct having a middle beam,
A step of storing a plurality of support materials in at least one container of the plurality of containers of the viaduct construction system according to claim 3,
Transporting each of the plurality of containers to the height of the middle beam by the lifting / lowering means,
A step of moving at least one container of the plurality of containers in the width direction so that the plurality of containers conveyed to the height of the middle beam are arranged in the width direction of the viaduct,
Fixing the plurality of containers to the middle beam by the fixing means at the height of the middle beam,
A step of installing the shoring using the plurality of shoring materials taken out of the container and the frame portion of the container,
Including, how to install the shoring. A method for removing a shoring installed on the middle beam in the construction of a viaduct having a middle beam,
Dismantling the plurality of supports installed by the installation method according to claim 4;
A step of storing the plurality of support materials generated by dismantling the support in the container at the height of the middle beam,
A step of releasing the container from being fixed to the middle beam by the fixing means,
Lowering the container from the height of the middle beam by the elevating means,
Removal method of the shoring, including. A method for removing a shoring installed on the middle beam in the construction of a viaduct having a middle beam,
Dismantling the shoring installed by the installation method according to claim 5,
A step of accommodating the plurality of shoring materials generated by the disassembly of the shoring in at least one of the plurality of containers at the height of the middle beam,
A step of releasing the state in which the plurality of containers are fixed to the middle beam by the fixing means,
Lowering the plurality of containers from the height of the middle beam by the elevating means,
Including
Prior to lowering each of the plurality of containers, at least one of the plurality of containers is moved in the width direction. A method for constructing a viaduct having a middle beam,
Providing a plurality of first columns so as to be arranged in a longitudinal direction of a place where the viaduct is to be constructed;
Providing a middle beam at an upper end of the plurality of first columns;
Providing a plurality of second columns extending upward from the middle beam so as to be arranged in the longitudinal direction;
A step of installing the shoring on the middle beam by the shoring method according to claim 4 or 5,
Providing a plurality of upper beams and upper slabs on the plurality of second columns via the support,
Removing the shoring by the shoring removing method according to claim 6 or 7,
A method for constructing a viaduct, comprising: A method for constructing a viaduct having a middle beam,
Providing a plurality of first columns so as to be arranged in a longitudinal direction of a place where the viaduct is to be constructed;
Providing a middle beam at an upper end of the plurality of first columns;
Providing a plurality of second columns extending upward from the middle beam so as to be arranged in the longitudinal direction;
A step of installing the shoring on the middle beam by the shoring method according to claim 4 or 5,
Providing a plurality of upper beams and upper slabs on the plurality of second columns via the support,
Removing the shoring by the shoring removing method according to claim 6 or 7,
Including
A method of constructing a viaduct, wherein the viaduct having a predetermined length is constructed by repeating a series of the above steps as necessary while moving in the longitudinal direction of the viaduct to be constructed.

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