JP6677548B2 - Guide bush device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a guide bush device.

  2. Description of the Related Art A guide bush device including a guide bush that guides a material for processing in a state where the material is in contact with an inner peripheral surface is known (for example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  The guide bush device described in Patent Literature 1 can change the position of the inner peripheral surface of the guide bush that comes into contact with the material by rotating the guide bush according to processing. On the other hand, Patent Document 2 discloses a guide bush device that guides a material by rotating a guide bush at a predetermined rotational phase and fixing the guide bush by driving a servo motor by a control unit.

JP 2002-144107 A WO 2013/031818

  However, in the guide bush device of the invention described in each patent document, the position of the inner peripheral surface of the guide bush that comes into contact with the material is determined at a predetermined position for each processing, and when guiding the material, In addition, there is a problem that a predetermined position of the inner peripheral surface of the guide bush that comes into contact with the material may be intensively worn.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and when guiding a material, it is possible to prevent a predetermined position of an inner peripheral surface of a guide bush that comes into contact with the material from being intensively worn, and it is simple. It is an object of the present invention to provide a guide bush device having a configuration.

  The guide bush device according to the present invention includes a rotatable guide bush, and a control unit that controls the rotation phase of the guide bush to position the guide bush. In a guide bush device that guides in a state in which the guide bush is in contact with a surface, the control unit adjusts a rotation phase of the guide bush according to processing so that a contact position with the material is dispersed on the inner peripheral surface. It is characterized in that it is configured to be controlled.

  According to the guide bush device according to the present invention, the control unit adjusts the rotation phase of the guide bush according to the processing so that the contact position with the material on the inner peripheral surface of the guide bush is dispersed on the inner peripheral surface. When the material is guided, a predetermined position of the inner peripheral surface of the guide bush that comes into contact with the material is prevented from being intensively worn, and uneven wear of the inner peripheral surface is suppressed. In addition, the material can be smoothly guided.

It is the principal part of the automatic lathe provided with the guide bush device which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, Comprising: It is a figure showing the guide bush device in cross section. It is a front view of the principal part of the guide bush apparatus shown in FIG. It is a perspective view of the guide bush shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the state of cutting resistance and cutting reaction force when cutting a material with a tool, and shows the state in which the guide piece is located in the direction in which cutting reaction force acts. It is a figure which shows the state of cutting resistance and cutting reaction force when cutting a material with a tool, and shows the state where the slit is located in the direction in which cutting reaction force acts.

  Hereinafter, a guide bush device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the guide bush device of the present embodiment is mounted on an automatic lathe 100 which is one of machine tools. The automatic lathe 100 includes a spindle 1, a tool post 2, a control unit 4, a guide bush device 10, and the like. The spindle 1 is mounted on a headstock and is rotationally driven by a spindle motor. The tool post 2 is driven to move in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction by the X-axis motor 5 and the Y-axis motor 6. The headstock is moved and driven in the Z-axis direction (the axial direction of the spindle 1) by the Z-axis motor 7.

  The control unit 4 includes an NC control device, and controls the spindle motor, the X-axis motor 5, the Y-axis motor 6, and the Z-axis motor 7 via motor amplifiers 5a, 6a, 7a based on a machining program stored in advance. To control the operation of the spindle 1, the tool post 2, and the like.

  The main shaft 1 grips a rod-shaped material W inserted from behind. The material W gripped by the main shaft 1 is inserted into a guide bush 11 housed in a guide bush device 10. The inner diameter of the guide bush 11 is adjusted to the same diameter as the material W according to the diameter of the material to such an extent that the movement and rotation of the material W in the axial direction are allowed. The tool post 2 is disposed in front of the guide bush 11 and has a plurality of cutting tools such as a cutting tool 3 for cutting the material W protruding from the guide bush 11 mounted thereon.

  Under the control of the control unit 4, the automatic lathe 100 drives and rotates the main shaft 1 in accordance with the machining program, and moves the main shaft 1 in the Z-axis direction and the tool post 2 in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction. Thus, the material W can be guided by the guide bush 11 while allowing movement and rotation in the axial direction, and predetermined processing can be performed on the material W by the cutting tool 3 mounted on the tool rest 2.

  The guide bush device 10 is attached to a guide bush support 21 that stands on the bed side of the automatic lathe 100. The guide bush device 10 includes an outer sleeve 22 that is detachably fixed to the guide bush support 21 as an exterior. A guide bush sleeve 24 is rotatably supported in the outer sleeve 22 via a bearing 23. The guide bush 11 is inserted into a guide bush sleeve 24.

  The guide bush 11 has a substantially cylindrical shape, as shown in FIG. The distal end side of the guide bush 11 is provided with a tapered surface 12 so that the outer diameter increases toward the distal end. At the distal end side of the guide bush 11 including the tapered surface 12, three slit-shaped slits 13 are provided along the central axis of the cylinder, and the distal end side is divided into three guide pieces 14. A thread groove 15 is provided on the outer periphery on the rear end side of the guide bush 11. A key groove 16 is provided on the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion of the guide bush 11.

  The guide bush sleeve 24 has a tapered surface 25 corresponding to the tapered surface 12 of the guide bush 11. The guide bush 11 is disposed in the guide bush sleeve 24 so that the tapered surfaces 12 and 25 abut each other. The guide bush 11 is prevented from rotating with respect to the guide bush sleeve 24 by the key 26 provided on the guide bush sleeve 24 engaging with the key groove 16. An adjusting nut 27 is screwed into the rear end of the guide bush 11 via the screw groove 15.

  By rotating the adjusting nut 27, the guide bush 11 moves in the axial direction with respect to the guide bush sleeve 24. The inner diameter of the guide bush 11 is adjusted according to the pressed state of the tapered surfaces 12 and 25 due to the movement. A bolt 28 for expanding the outer diameter of the rear end portion is screwed to the adjustment nut 27. By tightening the bolt 28, the outer diameter of the rear end of the adjusting nut 27 is expanded, and the adjusting nut 27 is pressed against the inner wall of the guide bush sleeve 24, and is positioned and fixed to the guide bush sleeve 24.

  By positioning and fixing the adjustment nut 27 to the guide bush sleeve 24 at a predetermined rotation angle position, the guide bush 11 is adjusted to a predetermined inner diameter and fixed. By loosening the bolt 28, the expansion of the outer diameter of the rear end portion of the adjusting nut 27 is released, the adjusting nut 27 becomes rotatable, and the inner diameter of the guide bush 11 can be adjusted.

  A timing pulley 29 is integrally attached to the rear end side of the guide bush sleeve 24 via a key 26. The guide bush motor 20 is attached to the guide bush support 21. A timing pulley 30 is fixed to a rotation shaft of the guide bush motor 20.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a timing belt 31 is stretched between the timing pulleys 29 and 30. The guide bush motor 20 is controlled by the control unit 4 via a motor amplifier 20a. The drive of the guide bush motor 20 causes the guide bush 11 to rotate integrally with the guide bush sleeve 24. The guide bush device 10 can rotate the guide bush 11 by controlling the drive of the guide bush motor 20 by the control unit 4. By stopping the guide bush motor 20, the guide bush 11 can be positioned and fixed at a predetermined rotation phase in a state where the guide bush 11 cannot rotate.

  The guide bush 11 is adjusted to have an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the material W within a fitting error range in order to allow the material W to move and rotate in the axial direction. In machining the material W by the automatic lathe 100, when the cutting tool 3 contacts the material W and performs cutting, the material W is pressed against a predetermined position on the inner peripheral surface of the guide bush 11 by a cutting reaction force during the machining. Touch The guide bush 11 guides the material W while allowing the material W to abut on a predetermined contact position on the inner peripheral surface, thereby allowing the material W to move and rotate in the axial direction.

  The guide bush 11 is formed such that its inner peripheral surface is divided through a gap formed by the slit 13. The control unit 4 controls the inner peripheral surface 17 of the guide bush 11 so that the force applied to the inner peripheral surface 17 of the guide bush 11 when the material W is pressed by the cutting reaction force at the time of processing is dispersed on the inner peripheral surfaces 17 a of the three guide pieces 14. The rotation phase of the guide bush 11 is controlled according to the processing, and the contact position of the inner peripheral surface 17 with which the material W contacts with the cutting reaction force is changed. In particular, the rotation of the guide bush 11 is controlled so that the contact position with the material W is dispersed on each of the divided inner peripheral surfaces, and the material is concentrated on only one or several positions on the inner peripheral surface 17. W is suppressed from being pressed, and the material W is suppressed from being pressed against the slit 13.

  Hereinafter, the cutting reaction force will be described with reference to FIGS. 4A and 4B. As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, when the cutting tool 3 is brought into contact with the material W inserted through the guide bush 11, the main component force F1 is applied to the cutting tool 3 in a downward direction on the paper surface (tangential direction of the material W). The component force F2 acts in the left direction on the paper (in the direction orthogonal to the main component F1), and the cutting force F acts in the lower left direction on the paper as the resultant force.

  A cutting reaction force G acts on the material W as a reaction force of the cutting resistance F. The cutting reaction force G is a force acting from the cutting point H in the upper right direction on the paper plane, that is, in a direction 180 ° opposite to the direction (angle) in which the cutting resistance F acts. The component force of the cutting reaction force G is an upward force G1 on the paper surface acting in the direction of twisting the material W, and a force G2 bending the material W rightward on the paper surface. The cutting reaction force G acts in the direction (angle) A in which the material W is pressed against the inner peripheral surface 17 of the guide bush 11, as shown by the white arrows in FIGS. 4A and 4B.

  As shown in FIG. 4B, when the slit 13 is located in the direction A in which the cutting reaction force G acts, the material W is pressed against the slit 13, causing the guide bush 11 to be worn or damaged, and the processing accuracy. May decrease. In addition, the material W of the guide bush 11 is kept pressed against one or more fixed portions of the inner peripheral surface 17, so that the material W of the guide bush 11 is pressed against and abuts on the inner peripheral surface 17 at the contact position. Of the guide bush 11 may be reduced.

  Therefore, in the guide bush device 10, the control unit 4 detects the direction A in which the cutting reaction force G acts. The controller 4 controls the drive of the guide bush motor 20 to rotate the guide bush 11 so that the inner peripheral surface 17a of any of the guide pieces 14 is located in the direction A (see FIG. 4A). The guide bush motor 20 is stopped at the rotation angle position, and the guide bush 11 is fixed so as not to rotate. In this arrangement state, the slit 13 is not located in the direction A in which the cutting reaction force G acts, and the material W is prevented from being pressed against the slit 13, so that the guide of the material W is stably performed. As a result, the processing accuracy of the material W and the durability of the guide bush 11 can be improved.

  Further, in order to prevent the material W from being continuously pressed against one guide piece 14, the control unit 4 rotates the guide bush 11 at an appropriate timing, and the inner peripheral surface of the guide piece 14 against which the material W is pressed. 17a is changed, and the contact position with the material W is dispersed on each inner peripheral surface 17a. The cutting reaction force G can be dispersed on each inner peripheral surface 17a of each guide piece 14. In the present embodiment, since three guide pieces 14 are provided, the inner peripheral surface 17a located in the direction A can be easily changed, for example, by rotating the guide bush 11 by 120 °.

  When the guide bush 11 makes one rotation and returns to the first guide piece 14, the guide bush 11 is rotated at an angle different from 120 ° so that the material is moved to a position on the inner peripheral surface 17a different from the previous position. W can be pressed. After that, by rotating by 120 °, the material W can be pressed against the inner peripheral surface 17a of the other two guide pieces 14 at a position different from the previous position. In this way, by controlling the material W to be pressed against different positions on the inner peripheral surface 17a of each guide piece 14 for each rotation, the contact position with the material W is dispersed on the inner peripheral surface 17a, and cutting is performed. The reaction force G can be dispersed over the entire inner peripheral surface 17a. Therefore, the material W can be guided smoothly by suppressing uneven wear of the inner peripheral surface 17, and the processing accuracy of the material W and the durability of the guide bush 11 can be further improved.

  The direction A in which the cutting reaction force G acts, that is, the direction (angle) of the cutting reaction force G, is calculated by detecting the main component F1 and the back component F2, which are the components of the cutting resistance F with respect to the cutting tool 3. Can be. The Y-axis motor 6 receives a load by the main component F1, and the X-axis motor 5 receives a load by the back component F2. The load on each of the motors 5 and 6 can be obtained as a current value by each of the motor amplifiers 5a and 6a. The control unit 4 obtains the main component F1 based on the current value obtained from the motor amplifier 6a, and obtains the back component F2 based on the current value obtained from the motor amplifier 5a. From the obtained main component force F1 and back component force F2, the magnitude and direction (angle) of the force of the cutting resistance F received by the cutting tool 3 can be calculated.

  The direction 180 ° opposite to the direction (angle) of the cutting resistance F can be the direction (angle) A of the cutting reaction force G acting on the material W. Based on the obtained direction (angle) A of the cutting reaction force G, the control unit 4 controls the guide bush motor 20 so that the inner peripheral surface of any of the guide pieces 14 in the direction A in which the cutting reaction force G acts. The guide bush 11 can be rotated so that the inner peripheral surface 17a is located and the force received by each inner peripheral surface 17a is dispersed over the entire inner peripheral surface 17a.

  When calculating the direction (angle) A of the cutting reaction force G, using parameters such as the bite rake angle α and the material of the material W with respect to the magnitude and direction (angle) of the force of the cutting resistance F, It is desirable to make correction. The calculation accuracy of the cutting force F and the cutting reaction force G can be further improved.

  The current values of the main component force F1 and the back component force F2 may be obtained by processing the material W once with the cutting tool 3. By controlling the rotation phase of the guide bush 11 based on the direction (angle) A of the cutting reaction force G calculated based on the obtained current value, efficient implementation is possible. The calculation of the cutting reaction force G based on the cutting resistance F is not limited to this embodiment, and may be calculated by means other than the detection of the current value. If the cutting resistance F is clear without detecting the current value or the like, the direction (angle) A of the cutting reaction force G may be calculated based on the cutting resistance F.

  Further, depending on the position of the cutting tool 3 arranged in a different direction with respect to the material W on the tool rest 2, the type of the cutting tool 3 to be used, the kind of the angle which is easily changed, the diameter and the material of the material W, the resultant force of the cutting force F and The direction (angle) may change. In such a case, each time the position and form of the cutting tool 3 and the material W change, the current value is obtained, and the direction A of the cutting reaction force G is calculated. The rotation phase of the guide bush 11 can be controlled to an optimal position corresponding to the rotation.

  Also in this case, using the cutting tool 3 or a plurality of kinds of cutting tools 3 arranged at different positions and a plurality of kinds of materials W, processing is performed to obtain a current value, and information of the calculated cutting reaction force G is converted to a cutting tool. 3 and the material W may be stored in the storage unit. When the cutting force F is clear, information on the cutting reaction force G calculated based on the cutting force F may be stored in the storage unit in association with the cutting tool 3 and the material W. In the subsequent processing, every time the cutting tool 3 and the material W are changed, the information of the corresponding cutting reaction force G is acquired from the storage unit, and the rotation phase of the guide bush 11 is controlled based on this information, so that the processing form is changed. The appropriate arrangement of the guide pieces 14 can be automatically performed.

  In the present embodiment, the guide pieces 14 against which the material W is pressed are changed by rotating the guide bush 11 by 120 °, but it is not always necessary to change the guide pieces 14 for each rotation. As another different example, control may be performed in which the guide bush 11 is rotated at a small angle to slightly shift the position of the guide piece 14 with respect to the direction A of the cutting reaction force G. Even with this control, the contact position with the material W is dispersed on the inner peripheral surface 17a, and the cutting reaction force G can be dispersed over the entire inner peripheral surface 17a of each guide piece 14.

  The rotation of the guide bush 11 can be set in the control unit 4 so as to be performed, for example, in accordance with the accumulated processing time. The control unit 4 measures the cumulative processing time by a timer, and changes the position of the inner peripheral surface 17 with respect to the direction A of the cutting reaction force G by rotating the guide bush 11 each time a predetermined time is reached. Alternatively, the guide bush 11 may be set to rotate for each number of products to be processed or for each processing cycle. By automatically executing the rotation phase of the guide bush 11 at such a timing, the processing accuracy of the material W and the durability of the guide bush 11 and the like can be further improved.

  Further, the user can select at which timing the guide bush 11 is rotated. Further, for example, in the case of processing a material W that is easily subjected to a load by a tool, such as a small diameter, the rotation phase of the guide bush 11 may be controlled. Implementation corresponding to the user's selection and processing mode is possible.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the contact position with the material W can be dispersed over the entire inner peripheral surface 17 only by automatically controlling the rotation phase of the guide bush 11 by the guide bush device 10 according to the processing. it can. Therefore, the force which the inner peripheral surface 17 of the guide bush 11 receives when the material W is pressed can be dispersed on each inner peripheral surface 17 a of the plurality of guide pieces 14. Further, the pressing of the material W against the slit 13 can be suppressed.

  Further, by controlling the rotation phase of the guide bush 11, the guide piece 14 located in the direction A of the cutting reaction force G is changed, and the cutting reaction force G is concentrated on the inner peripheral surface 17a of one guide piece 14. Can be suppressed. Further, in each of the guide pieces 14, the contact position between the inner peripheral surface 17a and the material W is changed by controlling the rotation of the guide bush 11 so that the cutting reaction force G is dispersed over the entire inner peripheral surface 17a. can do. Therefore, it is also possible to suppress the cutting reaction force G from being concentrated only at a specific location in each of the guide pieces 14. Therefore, when the material W is guided, a predetermined position of the inner peripheral surface 17 is prevented from being intensively worn, and the material W is guided by the guide bush 11 smoothly, so that the processing accuracy and the guide of the material W can be improved. The durability of the bush device 10 can be improved. In addition, the guide bush device 10 having excellent guideability, working accuracy, and durability of the material W is mounted on the guide bush 11 according to the working so that the contact position with the material W is dispersed on the inner peripheral surface 17. Simply by configuring the control unit 4 to control the rotation phase, it is possible to easily obtain the rotation phase.

  Note that the guide bush device according to the present invention is not limited to the guide bush device 10 of the present embodiment, but can be applied to any guide bush device. The processing device provided with the guide bush device is not limited to the automatic lathe 100 of the present embodiment, but may be a processing device (particularly a numerically controlled one) other than the lathe device.

  As described above, the embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the above embodiment is merely an example of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above embodiment. Even if there is a design change or the like within a range not departing from the gist of the present invention, it is included in the present invention.

3 Tool (tool) 4 Control unit 5a, 6a Motor amplifier (detection unit)
10 Guide bush device 11 Guide bush 13 Slot (gap)
14 Guide piece 17, 17a Inner peripheral surface

Claims (6)

A rotatable guide bush, and a control unit that controls the rotational phase of the guide bush to control the position thereof, and guides the material for processing in a state where the material is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the guide bush. In the guide bush device,
In accordance with the processing, the control unit is controlled so that a predetermined position on the inner peripheral surface of the guide bush is not intensively worn, and a contact position with the material is dispersed on the inner peripheral surface. A guide bush device for controlling the rotation phase of the guide bush.   The guide according to claim 1, wherein an inner peripheral surface of the guide bush is formed by being divided through a predetermined gap, and the contact positions are dispersed at each of the divided inner peripheral surfaces. Bush device.   The guide bush device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit is configured to control a rotation phase of the guide bush based on a direction of a force acting on the material by a tool.   The control unit controls the rotation phase of the guide bush so that the force applied to the inner peripheral surface of the guide bush by the material being pressed is dispersed throughout the divided inner peripheral surfaces. The guide bush device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the guide bush device is configured as described above.   The control unit is configured to control a rotation phase of the guide bush so as to change a position of the inner peripheral surface against which the material is pressed, according to a cumulative processing time of the material. The guide bush device according to any one of claims 1 to 4. It includes a back component force acting on the tool by the engineering tool is in contact with the material, a detection unit for detecting a main component force acting on the tool by rotation of the material, the control unit, the main component 6. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a direction of the cutting force is calculated based on the force and the back force, and a direction of the force acting on the material is calculated based on the direction of the cutting force. The guide bush device according to any one of the above.