JP6645014B2 - Fertilizer application equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention provides a fertilizer in a multi-row fertilizer mode, in which an air duct for passing air to be fed to a fertilizer hose section configured for each fertilizer strip and a blower blower are reduced in diameter and size, and the entire fertilizer applicator is manufactured. The height is reduced so that the fertilizer hopper can be easily supplied with fertilizer, and an auxiliary seedling can be supplied to the multi-row seedling planting apparatus.

  A technology that arranges air ducts on the rear side of the feeding device, guides the air blown from the blowers at the left and right lateral ends in the horizontal direction, and jets the fertilizer that is fed to the feeding portion communicating with each fertilizing hose. The configuration is known (for example, see Patent Document 1).

JP 2014-212718 A

  In the form of branching communication from the air duct to each fertilizer application hose to perform the blast for fertilizer transfer, when this air duct is placed near the rear side of the fertilizer device, especially near the foot of the rear floor, the worker will be Standing on the part, it is easy to get in the way of supplying fertilizer to the fertilizer application hopper, or to replenish mat seedlings in the seedling tank of the multi-row seedling planting device connected to the rear part, and quickly. It is difficult to perform safe work.

The invention according to claim 1 provides a fertilizer hopper (1) for storing fertilizer, a feeding device (3) for feeding a fertilizer supplied from the fertilizer hopper (1) by rotation of a feeding roll (2), and a blower. And a blower tube (6) configured to receive the fertilizer fed from the feeding device (3) through the airflow from (4) and blow and convey the fertilizer to the fertilizing hose (5).
A spiral surface is formed continuously between the outlet (7) of the feeding device (3) and the blower tube (6) on the peripheral surface of the spiral shaft (8), and the direction of the spiral shaft (8) is changed. An extrusion spiral (10) having a spiral wing (9) that forms a continuous spiral surface along the axis, and the extrusion spiral (10) is rotated while being fitted in the interior of the extrusion cylinder (12) to perform the repetition. An extruding cylinder (12) axially mounted so as to extrude the fertilizer supplied from the outlet (7) to the extrusion port (11), and receiving the fertilizer extruded from the extrusion port (11) of the extrusion cylinder (12). A supply hopper (14) for supplying to a supply port (13) in the upper peripheral portion of the blower cylinder (6) is arranged, and the fertilizer flowing down from the outlet (7) is extruded by the rotation of the extrusion spiral (10). Supply to the blower tube (6) ,
A hopper outlet (15) immediately below the fertilizer application hopper (1), a feeding outlet (7) directly below the feeding device (3), a pushing port (16) above the extrusion cylinder (12), and a blower (4). An air duct (17) for guiding the air to each air blower cylinder (6) is arranged and configured in an overlapping manner in the vertical direction, and an air duct (17) communicating with the air blower (12) to each of the air blower cylinders (6). On the front side of 17), a rear floor (20) extending between the left and right rear fenders (19) on the rear side of the driver's seat (18) is formed, and the helical shaft (8) on the rear end of each of the extrusion cylinders (12). A fertilizing device is characterized in that an interlocking shaft (21) extending in the left-right lateral direction is interlocked with the section, and a fertilizing hose (5) is detachably connected to a rear end of each blower tube (6) .

  The fertilizer at the outlet (7) fed from the feeding device (3) is supplied to a push port (16) of an extrusion cylinder (12) having an extrusion spiral (10), and the rotation of the extrusion spiral (10) is performed. As a result, the inside of the extrusion cylinder (12) is extruded to the rear side, and is supplied from the extrusion port (11) to the supply port (13) of the supply hopper (14) of the lower blower cylinder (6). The air blown from the blower (4) is blown through the air duct (17) so as to branch to each blower tube (6), and the fertilizer supplied to the blower tube (6) from the supply port (13) is removed. Inject to the rear fertilizer hose (5) side.

  Although the air blown into the blower cylinder (6) is about to be blown into the supply port (13) on the upper side, the extrusion air communicating with the extrusion port (11) at the upper end of the supply hopper (14). On the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder (12), the rotating outer peripheral edge of the spiral wing (9) formed integrally with the spiral shaft (8) and rotating is arranged between the pushing port (16) and the extrusion port (11). Formed by an extruding spiral (10) rotating close to the inner peripheral surface of the extruding cylinder (12) formed therein, and a fertilizer fitted and extruded and transferred to a spiral interval of the extruding spiral (10). Therefore, the wind pressure blown into the supply port (13) is prevented from being immediately blown or escaping to the upper outlet (7) side, and to the rear fertilizing hose (5) side in the blower tube (6). Effectively maintain the air transport force of the

  Then, since the transfer in the extrusion cylinder (12) is forcibly and uniformly performed by the pushing spiral (10), an accurate fertilizing operation is performed.

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  The fertilizer fed from the fertilizer hopper (1) by the rotation of the feed roll (2) is supplied from the hopper outlet (15) through the feed outlet (7) and the push-in port (16) to the extrusion cylinder (12). It is guided to the supply port (13) near the rear of the extrusion cylinder (12), and is supplied to the blower cylinder (6). For this reason, the feeding route of the fertilizer is in the form of the shortest distance lined up in a linear polymerization form substantially vertically, and the feeding and fertilization of the fertilizer can be speeded up.

  The air duct (17) arranged at the lowermost stage is arranged on the front side of the rear floor (20), and the foot space at the lower front side of the fertilizer hopper (1) and the feeding device (3) is widely opened. In addition, the foot space of the worker on the upper surface of the rear floor (20) is widened to facilitate the replenishment operation.

  In addition, an interlocking shaft (21) is arranged on the front side of each fertilizer application device of the multi-row fertilizer so that the rear end of each spiral shaft (8) is arranged in the left and right lateral direction to interlock.

  And since each fertilizer hose (5) is detachably connected to the rear end of each blower tube (6), the attachment / detachment of the interlocking shaft (21), the fertilizer hose (5), etc. from the rear side of the vehicle body. In addition, cleaning maintenance and the like can be easily performed.

The invention according to claim 2, wherein the air duct (17), and the fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that provided along the lower side of the blower tube (6) the rear floor (20).

  As described above, the lowermost air duct (17) and the blower tube (6) connected to the rear side of the air duct (17) are the rear floor ( Since the height of the fertilizer device protruding from the upper surface of the floor (20) is lowered by being arranged along the lateral direction on the lower side of (20), the operator works on the rear floor (20). Sometimes, the replenishment work becomes easier.

  In addition, since the air duct (20) and the blower tube (6) are not exposed on the upper surface of the rear floor (20), the upper surface of the foot of the rear floor (20) is formed to be wide and flat to facilitate the work movement.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the rear end of the blower cylinder (6) is provided so as to project rearward from the rear end of the upper extrusion cylinder (12), and the front ends of these extrusion cylinders (12) are provided. An extruding spiral (10) is detachably attached to the portion from the upper surface side of the rear floor (20), and a fertilizing hose (5) is detachably connected to the rear end of the blower tube (6). The fertilizer applicator according to claim 1 or 2 .

  Since the rear end of the blower cylinder (6) located at the lowermost part of the fertilizer applicator projects rearward from the rear end of the upper extruded cylinder (12), the blower cylinder (6) The maintenance work such as the attachment / detachment and cleaning of the fertilizing hose (5) detachably attached to the rear end portion is facilitated.

  Further, an extrusion spiral (10) attached to and detached from the front end of the extrusion cylinder (12) makes it easier to perform the attachment / detachment operation by inserting the extrusion spiral (10) into and out of the extrusion cylinder (12) from the upper surface side of the front rear floor (20). In addition, the interlocking shaft (21) for interlocking the spiral shafts (8) is gear-interlocked at a position above the front end of the blower cylinder (6), and thus hinders the attachment and detachment of the interlocking shaft (21). Is prevented, and maintainability is improved.

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  According to the first aspect of the invention, when the air blown from the blower (4) is fed through the air blower tube (6) for fertilization and transport, the air flow of the fertilizer sent to the air blower tube (6) is effectively maintained. Thus, fertilization can be performed efficiently and efficiently.

  Further, it is possible to prevent the wind pressure blown into the blower cylinder (6) from flowing back through the extrusion cylinder (12) to the push-in port (16) side and escape, and the fertilizer is discharged by the control roll (2). The operation can be smoothly performed, and the extrusion operation by the extrusion spiral (10) can be accurately and smoothly performed.

  And the gap between the extruding spiral (10) and the inner peripheral surface of the extruding cylinder (12) is narrowed to reduce the escape of the wind pressure at the time of the extruding operation, and the effect of conveying the fertilizer by the blowing air is effectively made. Since it can be increased, it is possible to prevent fertilizer clogging and stagnation in the fertilizer transfer route such as the blower tube (6) and the fertilizer hose (5), and to perform smooth and stable fertilizer transfer.

Further , the hopper outlet (15), the feeding outlet (7), and the push-in port (16), which are the center of the width in the front-rear direction of the fertilizer application device, and the air duct (17) are configured to be vertically overlapped with each other. The width is reduced and the arrangement is compact. An air duct (6) is arranged behind the air duct (17) to communicate the supply port (13), so that the total height between the air duct (17) and the fertilizer hopper (1) is reduced, and The space between the air duct (17) and the fertilizing hose (5) can be shortened to achieve a compact configuration.

  Further, the structure of the interlocking shaft (21) with respect to the rear end of each spiral shaft (8) is facilitated, and the attachment and detachment connection of the fertilizing hose (5) to the lower rear blower cylinder (6) projecting rearward is facilitated. Can be

  By transferring the fertilizer to the fertilizer hose (5) by the extruding spiral (10) provided above the fertilizer hose (5), the influence of the conveying wind can be suppressed, so that the fertilizer amount can be stabilized. Can be.

The invention according to claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention according to claim 1, air duct (17), and for providing along the lower side of the blower tube (6) the rear floor (20), the rear floor (20 The upper surface of the foot portion of (1) is formed wider, so that the replenishing worker can easily stand on the upper surface of the rear floor (20) and can easily perform the replenishing operation. Further, the protruding height of the fertilizer application device on the upper surface of the rear floor (20) is reduced to make the fertilizer device compact and to facilitate the supply operation.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effects of the first or second aspect , the rear end of the blower cylinder (6) is located rearward of the rear end of the upper extrusion cylinder (12). Since it is a form protruding from the upper surface, it is possible to easily and easily perform attachment and detachment of the extrusion spiral shaft (8) of the extrusion cylinder (12) from the upper surface of the rear floor (20), and to apply the fertilizer hose (5) to the blower cylinder (6). ) Can be easily attached and detached from behind.

  Further, even in a configuration in which the blower air duct (17) is arranged below the rear floor (20), the rear end of each blower tube (6) is made to protrude rearward, so that the fertilizer hose (5) can be easily attached and detached. Become

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Side view of seedling transplanter Top view of seedling transplanter Side view of fertilizer device Front view of fertilizer application part (A) An enlarged sectional side view of the fertilizer application unit, (B) a sectional side view showing the state of attachment and detachment of the air duct, (C) a sectional side view showing the state of attachment and detachment of the air duct. Front view of a fertilizer device showing an embodiment Side view of a fertilizer device showing an embodiment

  Based on the drawings, the seedling transplanter has a front wheel 25 steered by operating a steering handle 24 mounted on a front front axle housing of a vehicle body 26 and a rear wheel 27 having a large rotation diameter mounted on a rear axle housing. A tractor body 26 of a four-wheel drive traveling form that can be driven and rotated through transmission mechanisms such as a transmission mechanism such as an engine 28, a transmission case 29, and the like. The seedling plant 32 is connected via a parallel link-shaped lift link 31.

  On the rear side of the driver's seat 18 on the vehicle body 26, a rear floor 20 is formed, and a fertilizer application device 33 is mounted. On both left and right sides of the vehicle body 26, side floors 34 are formed to cover from the upper part of the front wheel 25 to the rear fender 34 part of the upper part of the rear wheel 27. , 35, the passenger moves to the rear floor 20 side while taking out the mat seedling and the fertilizer bag loaded on the auxiliary seedling rack 37 on the outside of the front end. Seedlings can be supplied to the tank 36 and fertilizer can be supplied to the fertilizer hopper 1 of the fertilizer device 33.

  The seedling plant 32 arranges a center float 38 and side floats 39 on both left and right sides thereof, supports the seedling planting frame 40, and levels the planted soil surface while sliding on the soil surface. . A seedling tank 36 in the form of a number corresponding to the multiple planting is widely and horizontally arranged on the seedling planting frame 40 so as to have a front-up slope, and is supported by a guide rail 41 formed along the rear lower end of the seedling tank 36. A planting device 43 that is operated to face each seedling opening 42 is arranged, and a planting claw 44 at a tip end of the planting device 43 is operated by the seedling opening 42, and a mat that is fed from the seedling tank 36. The seedlings are separated and held, and are planted on the soil surface in a multi-row form.

  At the front side of the seedling plant 32, there is provided a pad 45 for leveling the soil surface on the front side of each of the floats 38 and 39, which can be moved up and down by turning the lift link 31 up and down together with the raising and lowering of the seedling plant 32. , And the floats 38 and 39 facilitate the leveling action.

  The fertilizer application device 33 is mounted on the rear end of the vehicle body 26 at the front side of the multi-row seedling device 32, so that fertilization operation can be performed simultaneously with the seedling operation. A fertilizer application device 45 for fertilization is provided near the front of the seedling placement position of each of the floats 38 and 39 of the seedling plant 32, and the fertilization opening of the fertilizing hose 5 is viewed in the production channel formed by the application device 45. Instead, the fertilizer guided from the fertilizer application device 33 via the fertilizer hose 5 is caused to flow down into the groove formed by the groove generator 45 to perform the fertilization operation. This groove is formed along the planted shoots, and can be covered with a soil cover or the like immediately after fertilization.

  At the rear end of the vehicle body 26, a rear frame 46 is provided at a central position between the rear fenders 19 on the left and right sides, the rear floor 20 is supported on the rear frame 46, and the front end of the lift link 31 is moved up and down. It is rotatably connected.

  A rear floor 20 is formed between the left and right rear fenders 19 so as to cover the rear side of the driver's seat 18 over the entire width of the seedling tank 36 in the width direction. A lateral air duct 17 is supported and attached to a support frame 47 extending between the left and right rear frames 46, and a rear floor 20 made of a board material is laid above the air duct 17. The upper rear end of the rear fender 19 is connected to the lower surface of the lateral end of the rear floor 20.

  The rear floor 20 and the air duct 17 are formed to have a width substantially equal to the lateral width of the seedling tank 36, and each fertilizer device 33 is disposed on the upper surface of the rear floor 20. Provided, air can be blown in, and at the other end, a take-out duct 48 for taking out the residue outside the machine, an on-off valve 49, etc. are provided, and this on-off valve 49 is closed during fertilization work, When the residue is taken out, it is opened and the residue (fertilizer) can be taken out of the machine from the take-out duct 48 by blowing air from the blower 4.

  The fertilizer application device 33 is arranged side by side in the form of the same number of seedlings as the number of seedlings of the seedling transplanter 32 connected to the rear part of the vehicle body 26. The fertilizer consisting of powder and granules supplied downward from the hopper outlet 15 of the hopper 1 is fed to the lower outlet 7 side.

  The fertilizer application hopper 1 is integrally formed for each of a plurality of units, a funnel 50 and a hopper outlet 15 are arranged and formed at the bottom, and each hopper outlet 15 is fed into the upper part of the feeding case 51 of the facing feeding device 33. The mouth 52 is communicated. The hopper outlet 15 is provided with a shutter 53 that can be opened and closed. The hopper outlet 15 located at the center of the fertilizer application hopper 1 and the roll shaft 49 located at the center of the feeding device 3 are arranged on a vertical straight line Y in a side view.

  An extruding cylinder 12 is formed below the feeding case 51, and an extruding case 54 having an extruding spiral 10 therein is disposed therein. The fertilizer flowing down from the feeding port 7 is received by the push-in port 16, and the extruding spiral is formed. By the rotation of 10, the material is extruded to the extrusion port 11 at the rear end and supplied to the lower supply port 13. The supply port 13 is formed at a position deviated rearward with respect to the upper push-in port 16 and is communicated in the front-rear direction via the extrusion cylinder 12 that rotates by fitting the helical shaft 8.

  Opening portions 55, 56 are formed in the front and rear end surfaces of the extrusion cylinder 12, and the helical shaft 8 is fitted and inserted from the front side of the opening portion 55, and a bearing metal 57 fitted to the front and rear end portions of the helical shaft 8. , 58 are fitted into the openings 55, 56 and are bearings. A bevel gear 60 of a gear transmission case 59 is fitted to the rear end of the helical shaft 8, and the helical shaft 8 is driven and rotated from the interlocking shaft 21. The extrusion interval L between the pushing port 16 of the extrusion cylinder 12 and the edge of the extrusion port 11 is set to an appropriate length, and the spiral blade 9 having several pitches is rotated at the extrusion interval L.

  The spiral blade 9 is integrally formed around the spiral shaft 8, rotates with the rotating outer peripheral edge approaching the inner peripheral surface of the extrusion cylinder 12, and the rotation of the spiral shaft 10 allows the fertilizer to be pushed into the inlet 16. When the air is pushed out to the extrusion port 11 side, the wind pressure of the blower tube 6 is configured to reduce the amount of escape air that escapes from the extrusion port 11 to the push port 16 side.

  Further, the supply hopper 14 forming the extrusion port 11 and the blower cylinder 6 are integrally formed below the extrusion case 54, and the blower port 61 at the front end of the blower cylinder 6 is connected to the duct port 62 of the air duct 17. In the rear end portion of the blower tube 6, a ball seat 64 is formed around an opening 63, and the hose joint 22 is connected so as to be able to change its direction. I do. The base end of the flexible fertilizing hose 5 is detachably connected to the outlet 23 of the hose joint 22.

  The supply hopper 14 forming the supply port 13 is provided with a blow-back preventing plate 65, the upper edge of which is supported so as to be vertically rotatable around a plate axis 66, and the wind force blowing up the lower supply port 13 is strong. Then, the blow-back prevention plate 65 is pushed up to close the upper extrusion port 11 and suppress the wind power blown into the extrusion cylinder 12.

  An air duct 17 that guides air to each of the blower tubes 6 is located at a lower portion of each of the pusher tubes 12 and is configured to extend in the horizontal direction, and passes through the hopper outlet 15, the roll shaft 49, the push-in opening 16, and the like. Directly at the lower end of straight line Y. The air duct 17 is arranged so as to be located at the center thereof.

  The air duct 17 fits each duct opening 62 into the ventilation opening 61 of the blower cylinder 6 and sends the air pressure of the air duct 17 to the fertilizing hose 5 side (see FIG. 5B). By removing the air outlet 62 from the air outlet 61 and turning the air duct 62 downward (see FIG. 5 (C)), the residue in the air duct 17 and the attached matter around the air duct 62 are cleaned. be able to.

  The roll shaft 49 of each of the feeding devices 3 is driven and rotated by an interlocking shaft 66 disposed below the rear floor 20. The interlocking shaft 66 is transmitted via a transmission shaft 67 driven from a transmission device in the rear axle housing. The interlocking shaft 21 that interlocks the spiral shafts 8 is driven and rotated from the bevel gear 69 at an intermediate position of the PTO shaft 68 that interlocks the seedling plant 32 via the interlocking shaft 70 and the bevel gear 71. Further, the blower 4 is configured to rotate a fan by an electric motor.

  Next, in FIGS. 6 and 7, a Y-shaped discharge chute 75 in front view communicating with the funnel 50 is provided at the interval 74 between the fertilizer hoppers 1 that are adjacent to each other on the left and right sides. The upper end of the chute 75 communicates with the discharge port 76 of the funnel 50, and by opening the shutter 77 of the discharge port 76, the fertilizer remaining in the funnel 50 can be taken out to the discharge chute 75.

  The lower end 78 of the discharge chute 75 is connected to the air duct 17, and the residual fertilizer discharged by opening the shutter 79 at the lower end 78 is taken out, received by the air duct 17, and blown out to the take-out duct 48 at one end. Can be transported.

  Since the Y-shaped discharge chute 75 is disposed in the space 74 between the pair of funnels 50 opposed to each other on the left and right, the number of settings can be reduced, and the Y-shaped discharge chute 75 can be easily viewed by looking into the air duct 17 located substantially immediately below. Can be configured.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fertilizer application hopper 2 Extraction roll 3 Extraction device 4 Blower 5 Fertilizer application hose 6 Air blower cylinder 7 Operation outlet 8 Helical shaft 9 Spiral wing 10 Extrusion spiral 11 Extrusion port 12 Extrusion cylinder 13 Supply port 14 Supply hopper 15 Hopper exit 16 Push-in port 17 Air duct 18 Driver's seat 19 Rear fender 20 Rear floor 21 Interlocking shaft 22 Hose joint 23 Outlet 24 Handle 25 Front wheel 26 Body 27 Rear wheel

Claims (3)

Through the air from a fertilizer hopper (1) for accommodating fertilizer, a fertilizer supplied from the fertilizer hopper (1) by rotation of a feed roll (2), and a blower (4), A fertilizer device comprising a blower tube (6) for receiving the fertilizer fed from the feeder device (3) and blowing and conveying the fertilizer to a fertilizer hose (5);
A spiral surface is formed continuously between the outlet (7) of the feeding device (3) and the blower tube (6) on the peripheral surface of the spiral shaft (8), and the direction of the spiral shaft (8) is changed. An extrusion spiral (10) having a spiral wing (9) that forms a continuous spiral surface along the axis, and the extrusion spiral (10) is rotated while being fitted in the interior of the extrusion cylinder (12) to perform the repetition. An extruding cylinder (12) axially mounted so as to extrude the fertilizer supplied from the outlet (7) to the extrusion port (11), and receiving the fertilizer extruded from the extrusion port (11) of the extrusion cylinder (12). A supply hopper (14) for supplying to a supply port (13) in the upper peripheral portion of the blower cylinder (6) is arranged, and the fertilizer flowing down from the outlet (7) is extruded by the rotation of the extrusion spiral (10). Supply to the blower tube (6) ,
A hopper outlet (15) immediately below the fertilizer application hopper (1), a feeding outlet (7) directly below the feeding device (3), a pushing port (16) above the extrusion cylinder (12), and a blower (4). An air duct (17) for guiding the air to each air blower cylinder (6) is arranged and configured in an overlapping manner in the vertical direction, and an air duct (17) communicating with the air blower (12) to each of the air blower cylinders (6). On the front side of 17), a rear floor (20) extending between the left and right rear fenders (19) on the rear side of the driver's seat (18) is formed, and the spiral shaft (8) on the rear end of each of the extrusion cylinders (12). A fertilizing apparatus characterized in that an interlocking shaft (21) extending in the left-right lateral direction is interlocked with the section, and a fertilizing hose (5) is detachably connected to a rear end of each blower tube (6) . The fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the air duct (17) and the blower tube (6) are provided along a lower side of the rear floor (20) . The rear end of the blower cylinder (6) is provided so as to project rearward from the rear end of the upper extrusion cylinder (12), and the front end of the extrusion cylinder (12) is provided with the rear floor (20). 3. A fertilizing hose (5) is detachably connected to the rear end of the blower tube (6), and the extruding spiral (10) is detachably attached from the upper surface side of the air blower. Fertilizer application equipment.

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