JP6642355B2 - Coke production method - Google Patents
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Description
本発明は、粉炭と成型炭を混合してコークス炉に装入して乾留するコークスの製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for producing coke in which powdered coal and molded coal are mixed, charged into a coke oven and carbonized.
高炉操業において、コークスには、炉内の通気性を確保するために所要の強度が求められている。近年では、コークス用原料としての良質の強粘結炭は、資源的に枯渇状態になってきているので、劣質炭を用いても必要な強度を有するコークスを製造する方法が求められている。
コークス強度を向上させる技術として、コークス炉に装入する石炭の装入嵩密度を増加させる方法がある。この方法の例には成型炭配合法とスタンプチャージ法がある。
In blast furnace operation, coke is required to have required strength in order to secure air permeability in the furnace. In recent years, high-quality strong caking coal as a raw material for coke has been depleted in terms of resources. Therefore, a method for producing coke having the required strength even using inferior coal has been required.
As a technique for improving coke strength, there is a method of increasing the bulk density of coal charged into a coke oven. Examples of this method include a molded charcoal blending method and a stamp charge method.
成型炭配合法は、非特許文献１に示されるように、成型炭用の配合炭を粉砕し、粉砕後の配合炭にバインダーを添加して混練した後、成型機で成型して成型炭とし、この成型炭を、別の配合炭を粉砕して調製した粉炭とともにコークス炉に装入して乾留する方法である。この方法では、装入嵩密度の低い粉炭に見掛密度の高い成型炭を混合することにより、全体の嵩密度が向上し、粉炭のみを使用した場合よりもコークス品質を改善する利点がある。また、成型炭に劣質炭を多く配合しても、見掛密度の高い成型炭にできるため、コークス強度が改善される利点もある。 As shown in Non-Patent Document 1, the coal blending method for pulverized charcoal is to pulverize the blended coal for molded coal, add a binder to the blended coal after pulverization, knead the mixture, and mold it with a molding machine to form molded coal. In this method, the molded coal is charged into a coke oven together with pulverized coal prepared by pulverizing another blended coal and carbonized. In this method, by mixing fine coal having a high apparent density with pulverized coal having a low bulk density, there is an advantage that the overall bulk density is improved and coke quality is improved as compared with a case where only pulverized coal is used. In addition, even if a large amount of inferior coal is blended with the molded coal, it is possible to obtain a molded coal having a high apparent density, and thus there is an advantage that coke strength is improved.
また、スタンプチャージ法は、特許文献１に示されるように、配合炭をスタンパーによりスタンプして、コークス炉の炭化室よりやや小さい寸法のブロック状に成形して嵩密度を増加した石炭ケーキとした後、石炭ケーキを炭化室に装入し、乾留してコークスを製造する方法である。この方法では、通常の炭化室の炉頂部から装入する方法（トップチャージ）で得られる石炭の挿入嵩密度と比較すると、かなり高い密度の石炭ケーキを得ることができる。 Further, in the stamp charge method, as shown in Patent Document 1, a blended coal is stamped with a stamper and formed into a block shape having a slightly smaller size than a carbonization chamber of a coke oven to obtain a coal cake having an increased bulk density. Thereafter, the coal cake is charged into a carbonization chamber and carbonized to produce coke. In this method, a coal cake having a considerably higher density can be obtained as compared with the inserted bulk density of coal obtained by a method of charging from the furnace top of a normal coking chamber (top charge).
これらの方法においても、近年の石炭事情の現状から、より劣質な石炭の配合比率を向上させることが望まれている。 Also in these methods, it is desired to improve the blending ratio of inferior coal in view of the current situation of coal in recent years.
本発明者は、劣質炭を成型炭中に配合できる成型炭配合法について、さらに全体の嵩密度を上げる方法について検討した。その過程において、成型炭配合法では、平均的な装入嵩密度は向上するが、粉炭部分の嵩密度は大きく低下することを見出した。
本発明者は、粉炭を１００％とした装入炭と、質量比で、粉炭７０％、成型炭３０％の配合とした装入炭をそれぞれコークス炉に装入した時の装入嵩密度を調べた。
ここで、成型炭密度は１１８０kg／ｍ３であり、粉炭部の嵩密度は下記の式を用いて求めた。
粉炭部装入嵩密度＝｛(平均装入嵩密度−成型炭密度×成型炭配合率（％)）／100 ｝／｛粉炭配合率（％）／100 ｝
The present inventor has studied a method of blending molded coal in which inferior coal can be blended into molded coal, and a method of further increasing the bulk density of the whole. In the process, it has been found that the average charging bulk density is improved but the bulk density of the pulverized coal portion is greatly reduced by the molding coal blending method.
The inventor of the present invention has determined the charged bulk density when charged into a coke oven with charged coal containing 100% pulverized coal and charged coal prepared by mixing 70% pulverized coal and 30% molded coal in mass ratio. Examined.
Here, the molded coal density was 1180 kg / m 3 and the bulk density of the pulverized coal was determined using the following equation.
Bulk density charged in pulverized coal part = {(average charged bulk density-molded coal density x molded coal blending ratio (%)) / 100} / {pulverized coal blending ratio (%) / 100}
結果を表１に示す。
表１より、粉炭に成型炭を配合して装入した時の粉炭部の装入嵩密度が、粉炭のみを装入した時の装入嵩密度に比べて大きく低下していることが分かる。
Table 1 shows the results.
From Table 1, it can be seen that the bulk density of the pulverized coal portion when the mixed coal is mixed with the fine coal is significantly lower than the bulk density when only the fine coal is charged.
このため、成型炭配合法において、さらに全体の平均装入嵩密度を向上させるには、粉炭部分の嵩密度を改善することが必要になる。
したがって、本発明は、粉炭と成型炭を混合してコークス炉の炭化室に装入する成型炭配合法において、粉炭部分の嵩密度を高めて全体の平均装入嵩密度をさらに向上させる方法を提供することを課題とする。
For this reason, in the molding coal blending method, it is necessary to improve the bulk density of the pulverized coal portion in order to further improve the overall average charged bulk density.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a method for blending molded coal in which pulverized coal and molded coal are mixed and charged into a coking chamber of a coke oven, and a method for further increasing the bulk density of the pulverized coal portion to further improve the average average charged bulk density. The task is to provide.
本発明者らは、粉炭と成型炭を同時に装入する場合に粉炭部分の嵩密度が低下する原因について検討したところ、粉炭と成型炭を同時に装入すると、成型炭と成型炭の間に隙間が生じるが、その隙間に対する粉炭の充填が壁摩擦効果により阻害されることに原因があるのではないかと考えられた。
そこで、粉炭と成型炭の混合物を炭化室に装入する前にスタンプを行って、粉炭を強制的に成型炭と成型炭の隙間に充填させることを着想して本発明に至った。
The present inventors have studied the cause of the decrease in the bulk density of the pulverized coal portion when charging pulverized coal and molded coal at the same time. It is thought that the cause is that the filling of the gap with the pulverized coal is inhibited by the wall friction effect.
Therefore, the present invention was conceived with the idea of performing stamping before charging a mixture of pulverized coal and molded coal into the carbonization chamber and forcibly filling the gap between the molded coal with the molded coal.
そのようにしてなされた本発明の要旨とするところは、以下のとおりである。
（１）粉炭と成型炭を混合してコークス炉に装入するコークスの製造方法において、粉炭と成型炭を混合した後、スタンピング機を用いてブロック状にスタンプ成形し、得られたブロック状の成形体をコークス炉に装入することを特徴とするコークスの製造方法。
The gist of the present invention thus made is as follows.
(1) In a method of producing coke, in which pulverized coal and molded coal are mixed and charged into a coke oven, the pulverized coal and molded coal are mixed, and then stamped into a block using a stamping machine. A method for producing coke, comprising charging a compact into a coke oven.
（２）前記成型炭の配合比率を１０〜５０質量％とし、大きさを１０〜６５ｃｍ３とすることを特徴とする上記（１）に記載のコークスの製造方法。 (2) The method for producing coke according to (1), wherein the blending ratio of the molded coal is 10 to 50% by mass, and the size is 10 to 65 cm 3 .
（３）上記（１）または（２）に記載のコークスの製造方法において、前記スタンプ成形の際のスタンプ強さの程度を、下記式で表される相対スタンプ強さとして定量化して、前記スタンプ成形の際に目標とする成形体密度の得られる相対スタンプ強さの範囲を実験的に求めておき、前記スタンプ成形する際に、得られた前記範囲になるようにスタンプ強さを調整することを特徴とするコークスの製造方法。
相対スタンプ強さ＝（粉炭と成型炭の混合物をスタンプ成形する際のスタンプ強さ）／（粉炭のみを標準条件でスタンプ成形する際のスタンプ強さ）
（４）スタンプ強さを、スタンプ作業の合計時間（秒）と、スタンパー１本あたりスタンプのサイクル（回/秒）と、スタンパー本数（本）と、スタンプによる加圧力（Pa）の積で表すことを特徴とする上記（３）に記載のコークスの製造方法。
(3) In the method for producing coke according to the above (1) or (2), the degree of stamp strength at the time of stamp forming is quantified as a relative stamp strength represented by the following formula, and the stamp is quantified. In the molding, the range of the relative stamp strength at which the target compact density can be obtained is experimentally obtained, and the stamp strength is adjusted so as to be within the obtained range when the stamp is formed. A method for producing coke, characterized in that:
Relative stamp strength = (Stamp strength when stamping a mixture of pulverized coal and coking coal) / (Stamp strength when stamping only pulverized coal under standard conditions)
(4) Stamp strength is represented by the product of the total stamping time (seconds), the stamp cycle per stamper (times / second), the number of stampers (number), and the pressing force (Pa) by the stamp. The method for producing coke according to the above (3), wherein:
本発明によれば、成型炭配合法にスタンプチャージ法を適用することにより、全体の平均装入嵩密度を大きく向上させることができ、劣質炭の配合量を増加しても必要なコークス品質を確保することができる。 According to the present invention, by applying the stamp charge method to the molding coal blending method, it is possible to greatly improve the overall average charged bulk density, and even if the blending amount of poor quality coal is increased, the necessary coke quality can be improved. Can be secured.
本発明者は、粉炭と成型炭を混合してコークス炉に装入する際、粉炭部分の嵩密度が低下するのは、粉炭が成型炭と成型炭の隙間に充填されないことが原因ではないかと考え、粉炭を成型炭間の隙間に強制的に充填させて、粉炭部の嵩密度を向上させる方法について検討する過程で、スタンプチャージ法に着目して以下の実験を行った。 The present inventor, when charging the coke oven by mixing the pulverized coal and molded coal, the bulk density of the pulverized coal portion is reduced, it may be because the pulverized coal is not filled in the gap between the molded coal and the molded coal In the process of studying the method of improving the bulk density of the pulverized coal by forcibly filling the gap between the pulverized coals with the pulverized coal, the following experiment was conducted focusing on the stamp charge method.
（実験１）
粉炭のみからなる石炭と、質量比で、粉炭８０％と密度１１８０kg／ｍ３の成型炭２０％の混合物よりなる石炭を準備し、それぞれをスタンピング機に供給し、スタンプ成形してブロック状の圧密成形体（石炭ケーキ）を作った。なお、スタンプ成形は、いずれも、従来のスタンプチャージ法で用いられている標準的な加圧条件を用いて実施した。
スタンプ成形後、得られた石炭ケーキの密度を実測するとともに、粉体のみを用いた石炭ケーキの密度と成型炭の密度から、両者の配合比率で加重平均して石炭ケーキ密度を算出した。
(Experiment 1)
A coal consisting of a mixture of pulverized coal only and a mixture of 80% pulverized coal and 20% molded coal having a density of 1180 kg / m 3 in mass ratio is supplied to a stamping machine, and each is supplied to a stamping machine to be stamped and compacted into a block. A compact (coal cake) was made. In addition, all stamp molding was performed using the standard pressurization conditions used by the conventional stamp charge method.
After stamping, the density of the obtained coal cake was measured, and the density of the coal cake using only the powder and the density of the formed coal were weighted and averaged at the blending ratio to calculate the coal cake density.
結果を表２に示す。
表２に示されるように、成型炭を配合した時は、成型炭を配合していない時に比べて石炭ケーキ密度は大きく向上しており、しかも、粉炭だけから作った石炭ケーキ密度（１０００kg／ｍ３）と成形炭の密度（１１８０kg／ｍ３）から、加重平均で求められた密度（計算値）よりも大きな密度（実測値）の石炭ケーキができ、相乗効果が得られていることがわかる。
Table 2 shows the results.
As shown in Table 2, when blended coal was used, the coal cake density was greatly improved compared to when blended coal was not used, and the density of coal cake made from only pulverized coal (1000 kg / m 3 ) and the density of the formed coal (1180 kg / m 3 ) indicate that a coal cake having a density (measured value) larger than the density (calculated value) obtained by the weighted average was obtained, and a synergistic effect was obtained. .
以上のように成型炭配合法とスタンプチャージ法を組み合わせることにより、加重平均で求めた密度より高い密度の石炭ケーキが得られる理由は、次のように考えられる。 The reason why a coal cake having a density higher than the density obtained by the weighted average can be obtained by combining the molded coal blending method and the stamp charge method as described above is considered as follows.
粉炭と成型炭を混合して炭化室に装入すると、成型炭と成型炭の間に隙間が生じ、その隙間に対する粉炭の充填が壁摩擦効果により阻害される場合が生じるが、粉炭と成型炭の混合物をスタンピングすると強制的に粉炭を圧密するため、阻害された粉炭の充填状況が改善される。
さらに、スタンプ成形することにより成形炭が潰されて適度に崩壊し、石炭ケーキを構成する粒（成形炭、崩壊した成形炭、粉炭）の粒度分布がブロードな状態になり、最密充填に近付くと考えられる。
これらの効果が重なることにより、粉炭だけから作った石炭ケーキ密度（１０００kg／ｍ３）と成形炭単体の密度（１１８０kg／ｍ３）から求められた加重平均石炭ケーキ密度を大きく上回る石炭ケーキ密度が実現できたと考えられる。
When powdered coal and molded coal are mixed and charged into the carbonization chamber, a gap is formed between the molded coal and the molded coal, and filling of the gap with the powdered coal may be hindered by the wall friction effect. Stamping the mixture of (1) forcibly compacts the pulverized coal, thereby improving the filling situation of the inhibited pulverized coal.
Furthermore, the formed coal is crushed by stamping and collapsed moderately, and the particle size distribution of the particles (formed coal, collapsed shaped coal, powdered coal) constituting the coal cake becomes broad, approaching close packing. it is conceivable that.
By these effects overlap, coal cake density above the weighted average coal cake density obtained from coal cake density made from only coal (1000kg / m 3) and coal briquettes single density (1180kg / m 3) increased It is considered that this has been achieved.
これにより、粉炭と成型炭を混合してコークス炉に装入するコークスの製造方法において、粉炭と成型炭を混合した後、コークス炉に付随するスタンピング機を用いてブロック状にスタンプ成形することにより、従来のスタンプチャージよりもさらに装入石炭の嵩密度が上げられることが確認されたので、次に、成型炭の配合条件について検討した。 Thereby, in the coke manufacturing method of mixing the pulverized coal and the molded coal and charging the coke oven, by mixing the pulverized coal and the molded coal, stamp forming in a block shape using a stamping machine attached to the coke oven. Since it was confirmed that the bulk density of the charged coal could be further increased as compared with the conventional stamp charge, next, the blending conditions of the formed coal were examined.
（実験２）
最初に、成型炭の配合量の影響について調べた。
質量比で、粉炭４０〜９５％と密度１１８０kg／ｍ３の成型炭５〜６０％の混合物よりなる石炭を準備し、それぞれをスタンピング機に供給し、スタンプ成形してブロック状の圧密成形体（石炭ケーキ）を作った。なお、粉炭と成型炭の混合物のスタンプ条件は、粉炭のみをスタンプする際の標準的なスタンプ条件と同じ加圧条件（後述する相対スタンプ強度：１．００）とした。
スタンプ成形後、得られた石炭ケーキの密度を実測するとともに、実験１で得られた粉体のみを用いた石炭ケーキの密度と成型炭の密度から、両者の配合比率で加重平均して石炭ケーキ密度を算出した。
(Experiment 2)
First, the influence of the blending amount of the coal was examined.
In a weight ratio to prepare a coal comprising a mixture of the molded charcoal 5% to 60% of the coal 40% to 95% and density 1180kg / m 3, supplied respectively to the stamping machine, stamping molding and a block-like compacting member ( Coal cake). The stamping conditions for the mixture of pulverized coal and molded coal were the same pressing conditions as the standard stamping conditions for stamping only pulverized coal (relative stamp strength: 1.00 described later).
After stamping, the density of the obtained coal cake was actually measured, and the density of the coal cake using only the powder obtained in Experiment 1 and the density of the formed coal were weighted and averaged by the blending ratio of both to obtain the coal cake. The density was calculated.
結果を表３に示す。なお、実験１で得られた粉炭のみのデータを合わせて示した。
表３に示されるように、成型炭を配合した時は、成型炭を配合していない時に比べて石炭ケーキ密度は大きく向上しており、しかも、上記のように加重平均で求められた密度（計算値）よりも大きな密度（実測値）の石炭ケーキができ、相乗効果が得られていることがわかる。特に、成型炭配合比率が１０〜５０質量％（発明２〜６）の時にケーキ密度の向上効果が大きい結果が得られた。
Table 3 shows the results. In addition, the data of only the pulverized coal obtained in Experiment 1 are also shown.
As shown in Table 3, when blended coal was used, the coal cake density was greatly improved as compared to when blended coal was not blended, and the density obtained by the weighted average as described above ( It can be seen that a coal cake having a density (actually measured value) larger than the calculated value (calculated value) was formed, and a synergistic effect was obtained. In particular, when the blending ratio of the molded coal was 10 to 50% by mass (Inventions 2 to 6), a result that the effect of improving the cake density was large was obtained.
成型炭配合比率が１０〜５０質量％の範囲で、特に良い結果が得られた理由は次のように考えられる。
成型炭の配合比率がより低い場合には、より好ましい効果を発揮するのに十分な成型炭の量がないために石炭ケーキ密度の向上効果は相対的に小さく、また、成型炭の配合比率がより高くなると、（ｉ）表面積が大きくなるために前述の壁摩擦効果が大きくなり、粉炭の充填が阻害されやすくなり、さらに、（ii）成型炭が偏析して粉炭と均一に混合されにくくなり、これらの理由によって、スタンプ成形による充填状況の改善効果が得られにくくなるためと考えられる。
The reason why particularly good results were obtained when the blending ratio of the molded coal was in the range of 10 to 50% by mass is considered as follows.
When the blending ratio of the coal is lower, the effect of increasing the coal cake density is relatively small because there is not enough amount of the coal to exert a more favorable effect. If it is higher, (i) the above-mentioned wall friction effect is increased due to an increase in the surface area, and the filling of the pulverized coal is liable to be hindered. Further, (ii) the formed coal is segregated and hardly uniformly mixed with the pulverized coal. It is considered that, for these reasons, it is difficult to improve the filling condition by stamp molding.
（実験３）
次に、成型炭のサイズの影響について調べた。
成型炭として、大きさ（体積）が５〜１１０ｃｍ３で、密度が１１８０kg／ｍ３のものを準備し、その成型炭を質量比で８０％の粉炭に混合して得た石炭を、それぞれをスタンピング機に供給し、実験２と同じスタンプ条件（相対スタンプ強度：１．００）でスタンプ成形して、ブロック状の圧密成形体（石炭ケーキ）を作った。
スタンプ成形後、得られた石炭ケーキの密度を実測するとともに、実験１で得られた粉体のみを用いた石炭ケーキの密度と成型炭の密度から、両者の配合比率で加重平均して石炭ケーキ密度を算出した。
Next, the influence of the size of the coal was examined.
As the shaped coal, a coal having a size (volume) of 5 to 110 cm 3 and a density of 1180 kg / m 3 is prepared, and coal obtained by mixing the shaped coal with powdered coal having a mass ratio of 80% is obtained. It was supplied to a stamping machine and stamped under the same stamp conditions as in Experiment 2 (relative stamp strength: 1.00) to produce a block-shaped compacted product (coal cake).
After stamping, the density of the obtained coal cake was actually measured, and the density of the coal cake using only the powder obtained in Experiment 1 and the density of the formed coal were weighted and averaged by the blending ratio of both to obtain the coal cake. The density was calculated.
成型炭の大きさが通常用いられている大きさで、ケーキ密度の向上効果が得られることが確認されたが、特に、１０〜６５ｃｍ３（発明９、３、１０）の大きさの範囲の時に効果が大きい結果が得られた。
この理由は次のように考えられる。
成型炭のサイズがより小さい場合には、（ｉ）成型炭の表面積が大きくなるために前述の壁摩擦効果が大きくなり、粉炭の充填が阻害されやすくなり、さらに、（ii）スタンプ成形しても成型炭が崩壊しづらく、粒度分布がブロードになりにくいために、石炭ケーキ密度の向上効果が相対的に小さいと考えられる。また、成型炭のサイズがより大きくなると、成型炭が偏析して粉炭と均一に混合されにくくなり、スタンプ成形による充填状況の改善効果が得られにくくなるためと考えられる。
Although it was confirmed that the effect of improving the cake density was obtained with the size of the molded coal being a commonly used size, the size of the charcoal was particularly in the range of 10 to 65 cm 3 (inventions 9, 3, and 10). At times, significant results were obtained.
The reason is considered as follows.
When the size of the coal is smaller, (i) the above-mentioned wall friction effect is increased because the surface area of the coal is large, and the filling of the pulverized coal is easily hindered. It is considered that the effect of improving the coal cake density is relatively small because the coal is hard to disintegrate and the particle size distribution is hardly broadened. Further, it is considered that when the size of the molded coal becomes larger, the molded coal segregates and becomes difficult to be uniformly mixed with the pulverized coal, and it is difficult to obtain the effect of improving the filling state by stamp molding.
以上の実験では、粉炭と成型炭を混合した原料のスタンプ成形に、粉炭のみをスタンプ成形する際の標準スタンプ条件を用いたもので、粉炭に対して用いられているスタンプ条件で充分な効果を発揮することが確認できたが、得られる石炭ケーキ密度は、スタンプ成形の条件によっても変化する。
つまり、粉炭と成型炭を混合した原料のスタンプ成形に当たり、粉炭がどの程度成型炭と成型炭の隙間に充填するかや、成形炭がどの程度潰されて崩壊するかは、スタンプする際の強さ、スタンプの頻度やスタンプの合計時間、成形炭の強度、成形炭配合率などさまざまな条件により変化する。
そこで、スタンプ条件の影響を検討した。
In the above experiment, the standard stamping conditions for stamping only pulverized coal were used for stamping of raw materials in which pulverized coal and molded coal were mixed, and a sufficient effect was obtained under the stamping conditions used for pulverized coal. Although it was confirmed that the coal cake exhibited its effect, the density of the obtained coal cake also changed depending on the stamp forming conditions.
In other words, when stamping a raw material that is a mixture of pulverized coal and molded coal, how much the pulverized coal fills the gap between the molded coal and how much the coal is crushed and collapsed depends on the strength of stamping. The frequency varies depending on various conditions such as the frequency of stamping, the total time of stamping, the strength of formed coal, and the proportion of formed coal.
Then, the influence of the stamp condition was examined.
検討にあたっては、スタンプ条件の影響を評価するために、粉炭のみをスタンプ成形するときの標準条件をスタンプ強さの基準値とし、基準値からの増減の程度を表す指標として、下式で表われさる相対スタンプ強さを導入することとした。
相対スタンプ強さ＝（粉炭と成型炭の混合物をスタンプ成形する際のスタンプ強さ）／（粉炭のみを標準条件でスタンプ成形する際のスタンプ強さ）
In order to evaluate the effects of stamping conditions, the standard conditions for stamping only pulverized coal were used as the reference values for stamping strength, and were used as an index to indicate the degree of increase or decrease from the reference values. Curious relative stamp strength was introduced.
Relative stamp strength = (Stamp strength when stamping a mixture of pulverized coal and coking coal) / (Stamp strength when stamping only pulverized coal under standard conditions)
スタンピング機は、複数のスタンパーを有しており、スタンプ強さは、スタンパーによる加えられた圧力の総量で表すことができるため、スタンプ強さを、スタンプの際の各要件の積として、下記で表すこととした。
スタンプ強さ＝｛スタンプ作業の合計時間（秒）×スタンパー１本あたりスタンプサイクル（回/秒）×スタンパー本数（本）×スタンパーによる加圧力（Pa）｝
Since the stamping machine has a plurality of stampers, and the stamp strength can be represented by the total amount of pressure applied by the stamper, the stamp strength is defined as the product of the requirements for stamping as follows. It was decided to represent.
Stamp strength = {Total stamping time (seconds) x Stamp cycle per stamper (times / second) x Number of stampers (Number of stampers) x Pressing force (Pa) by stamper}
(実験４）
スタンプ成形する際の目標とする石炭ケーキ密度は、粉炭と成型炭の配合条件や、粉炭と成型炭に用いる石炭の性状に応じて変化するため、それらの条件に応じた最適のスタンプ強度を選択できるようにすることが有利である。
(Experiment 4)
The target coal cake density for stamping varies depending on the blending conditions of pulverized coal and molded coal, and the properties of coal used for pulverized coal and molded coal, so select the optimal stamp strength according to those conditions. Advantageously, it is possible.
そこで、成型炭の密度、大きさ（実験２と同じ）及び配合割合を固定して、相対スタンプ強さを変えてスタンプ成形した時の、石炭ケーキ密度の変化を評価した。得られた結果を表５に示す。
表５の結果より、粉炭と成型炭の混合物をスタンプ成形した場合には、粉炭のみを標準条件でスタンプ成形した場合よりも高い密度の石炭ケーキが得られることが確認された。
特に、相対スタンプ強さが０．９０以上の範囲では、加重平均で求めた石炭ケーキ密度よりも高い密度の石炭ケーキが得られており、さらに、相対スタンプ強さが１．００〜１．１０の範囲では、加重平均で求めた石炭ケーキ密度を大きく上回る密度の石炭ケーキが得られた。
Then, the density, the size (same as in Experiment 2) and the mixing ratio of the formed coal were fixed, and the change in the coal cake density when stamp forming was performed while changing the relative stamp strength was evaluated. Table 5 shows the obtained results.
From the results in Table 5, it was confirmed that when stamping a mixture of pulverized coal and molded coal, a coal cake having a higher density can be obtained than when stamping only powdered coal under standard conditions.
In particular, in the range where the relative stamp strength is 0.90 or more, a coal cake having a density higher than the coal cake density obtained by the weighted average is obtained, and the relative stamp strength is 1.00 to 1.10. In the range of, a coal cake having a density much higher than the coal cake density determined by the weighted average was obtained.
この結果が得られた理由は、次のように考えられる。
相対スタンプ強さが０．８５のような小さい場合でも、スタンプ成形による粉炭部のスタンプ効果と成型炭間の隙間への粉炭の充填効果により、石炭ケーキ密度の向上効果が得られるが、相対スタンプ強さが大きくなると、粉炭のスタンプが十分になり、かつ、成形炭が壊れるようになって粒度分布がブロードになるため、大きな石炭ケーキ密度の向上効果が得られるようになる。
また、相対スタンプ強度が更に大きくなると、成形炭が壊れすぎて、大きな成形炭が減り、粒度分布がブロードにならない（最適な範囲から外れる）ためであると考えられる。
The reason why this result was obtained is considered as follows.
Even when the relative stamp strength is as small as 0.85, the effect of improving the coal cake density can be obtained by the stamping effect of the pulverized coal portion by the stamping and the filling effect of the pulverized coal into the gap between the formed coals. When the strength is increased, the pulverized coal stamp becomes sufficient, and the formed coal breaks down to broaden the particle size distribution, so that a large coal cake density improving effect can be obtained.
Further, it is considered that if the relative stamp strength is further increased, the formed coal is excessively broken, the large formed coal is reduced, and the particle size distribution does not become broad (out of the optimum range).
以上より、粉炭と成型炭の混合物をスタンプ成形した場合、粉炭のみをスタンプした場合に比べ、密度の高い石炭ケーキが得られるが、スタンプ成形により得られる石炭ケーキ密度は、相対スタンプ強さにより変化し、目標とする石炭ケーキ密度も、劣質炭の配合割合などの条件によって変化するため、予め、用いる成型炭のサイズや配合率を考慮したうえで、上記のように相対スタンプ強さと得られる石炭ケーキ密度との関係を実験的に求めて、目標とする石炭ケーキ密度の条件を満たす相対スタンプ強度の範囲を予め定めておき、その範囲内でスタンプ強さを調整すれば、目標とする石炭ケーキを得ることができる。
また、配合炭に用いられる石炭の配合や成型炭の配合割合を変えた時にも、上記最適値の範囲を目安にスタンプ条件を変更することにより、目標とする密度の条件を満たす石炭ケーキを得ることができる。
As described above, when a mixture of pulverized coal and molded coal is stamped, a coal cake with a higher density can be obtained than when only pulverized coal is stamped, but the coal cake density obtained by stamping varies with the relative stamp strength. However, since the target coal cake density also changes depending on conditions such as the mixing ratio of the inferior coal, the relative stamp strength and the coal obtained as described above are determined in advance, taking into account the size and mixing ratio of the formed coal to be used. By experimentally determining the relationship with the cake density, a range of the relative stamp strength satisfying the target condition of the coal cake density is determined in advance, and if the stamp strength is adjusted within the range, the target coal cake is obtained. Can be obtained.
In addition, even when changing the blending ratio of coal and the blending ratio of molding coal used in blended coal, by changing the stamp conditions using the above-described range of the optimal value as a guide, a coal cake that satisfies the target density condition is obtained. be able to.
本発明は以上のように構成されるものであるが、本発明のベースとなる成型炭配合法は、常法に従えばよく、粉炭と成型炭の配合割合、粉炭の配合や粒度、成型炭の配合、大きさ、密度などの条件は特に制限されるものではない。本発明では、石炭ケーキ密度が向上するので、成型炭中の劣質炭の配合割合を増やすことができる。 Although the present invention is configured as described above, the molding coal blending method serving as the base of the present invention may be a conventional method, and the blending ratio of powdered coal and molding coal, the blending and particle size of powdered coal, The conditions such as the composition, size, and density of are not particularly limited. In the present invention, since the density of the coal cake is improved, the mixing ratio of the inferior coal in the molded coal can be increased.
本発明で使用するスタンピング機としては、コークス炉に付属するものがそのまま使用できる。スタンピング機には、炭化室の長さ分の石炭を一度にスタンプできるタイプと、複数の石炭ケーキに分割して炭化室に装入するために、分割長さ分の石炭をスタンプするタイプがあるが、いずれのタイプでも使用できる。
また、スタンプチャージ法として、特許文献１には、スタンプする前に石炭を予熱する方法、石炭を加湿調整して常温でスタンプする方法、石炭にバインダーを混入してスタンプする方法などが記載されているが、これらの方法は本発明でも効果があり、本発明でも適宜採用できる。
As a stamping machine used in the present invention, a stamping machine attached to a coke oven can be used as it is. There are two types of stamping machines: one can stamp coal for the length of the coking chamber at one time, and the other type stamps coal for the split length to divide it into multiple coal cakes and load them into the coking chamber. However, any type can be used.
Further, as a stamp charge method, Patent Document 1 describes a method of preheating coal before stamping, a method of adjusting the humidification of coal to perform stamping at room temperature, a method of mixing coal with a binder and stamping, and the like. However, these methods are also effective in the present invention, and can be appropriately adopted in the present invention.
Claims (4)
粉炭と成型炭を混合した後、スタンピング機を用いてブロック状にスタンプ成形し、得られたブロック状の成形体をコークス炉に装入することを特徴とするコークスの製造方法。 In a method for producing coke, in which pulverized coal and molded coal are mixed and charged into a coke oven,
A method for producing coke, comprising mixing pulverized coal and molding coal, stamping the mixture into blocks using a stamping machine, and charging the obtained block-shaped compact into a coke oven.
相対スタンプ強さ＝（粉炭と成型炭の混合物をスタンプ成形する際のスタンプ強さ）／（粉炭のみを標準条件でスタンプ成形する際のスタンプ強さ） The method for producing coke according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a degree of stamp strength at the time of stamp forming is quantified as a relative stamp strength represented by the following formula, and a target is set at the time of stamp forming. The range of the relative stamp strength at which the density of the compact is obtained is experimentally determined, and at the time of stamp forming, the stamp strength is adjusted so as to be within the obtained range. Production method.
Relative stamp strength = (Stamp strength when stamping a mixture of pulverized coal and coking coal) / (Stamp strength when stamping only pulverized coal under standard conditions)
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