JP6632926B2 - Metal recovery method and metal recovery system from metal electric wire - Google Patents
Metal recovery method and metal recovery system from metal electric wire Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 57
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002320 enamel (paints) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 2
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 copper and aluminum Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002354 inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/82—Recycling of waste of electrical or electronic equipment [WEEE]
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
本発明は、エナメル線などの金属電線から金属分である芯材を回収する技術に関する。 The present invention relates to a technique for recovering a core material that is a metal component from a metal electric wire such as an enameled wire.
廃棄された電化製品や機械製品などから回収される金属電線は、銅、アルミニウム等の金属を含んでおり、有用な資源である。このため、従来より、金属電線から金属分を回収する方法がいくつか提案されている。 Metal wires recovered from discarded electric appliances and machine products contain metals such as copper and aluminum, and are useful resources. For this reason, conventionally, several methods for recovering metal from metal electric wires have been proposed.
例えば、特許文献１には、廃電線を破砕した後、比重選別して金属分を回収する方法が開示されている。特許文献２には、シース材被覆配電線をギロチン切断装置で切断し、加圧してシース材と電線を剥離し、次いで選別分離する方法が開示されている。特許文献３には、廃電線の金属以外の部分を炭化した後、破砕し、次いで分離する方法が開示されている。特許文献４には、被覆層を加熱蒸発させて除去する方法が開示されている。特許文献５には、ワイヤーハーネスをナゲット処理して胴体成分と樹脂成分を分別する方法が開示されている。特許文献６には、銅部材を加熱することにより、エナメル被覆層を炭化させた後、撹拌して衝突させることでエナメル被覆層を剥離する方法が開示されている。しかしながら、被覆層を剥離することは困難であり、特にエナメル被覆は耐熱性、耐薬品性が高いため、除去することが困難であった。このため、金属分である芯材を高品位に分離回収できる手段の出現が望まれていた。 For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses a method in which a waste wire is crushed and then a metal is recovered by specific gravity sorting. Patent Document 2 discloses a method in which a sheath material-coated power distribution line is cut by a guillotine cutting device, the sheath material and the electric wire are separated by applying pressure, and then separated and separated. Patent Literature 3 discloses a method of carbonizing, crushing, and then separating a portion of a waste electric wire other than metal. Patent Literature 4 discloses a method of removing a coating layer by heating and evaporating the coating layer. Patent Document 5 discloses a method of nugget-treating a wire harness to separate a body component and a resin component. Patent Literature 6 discloses a method in which an enamel coating layer is carbonized by heating a copper member, and then the enamel coating layer is peeled off by stirring and collision. However, it is difficult to remove the coating layer, and in particular, it is difficult to remove the enamel coating because of its high heat resistance and chemical resistance. For this reason, the appearance of means capable of separating and recovering the core material, which is a metal component, with high quality has been desired.
本発明は、絶縁材で金属分である芯材が被覆された金属電線に薬剤を使用することなく、また、排ガスの発生や加熱・燃焼をすることなく、金属分である芯材を高品位に分離回収することを目的とする。 The present invention provides a high-quality metal core material without using a chemical on a metal electric wire coated with a metal core material with an insulating material, and without generating exhaust gas, heating or burning. It is intended to be separated and collected.
かかる目的を達成するために、本発明によれば、エナメル線から金属分である芯材を回収する方法であって、衝撃式粉砕機でエナメル線が扁平になるよう外力を加え、剥離された絶縁材を芯材から分離除去する分離工程を有することを特徴とする、金属分回収方法が提供される。 To achieve this object, according to the present invention, there is provided a method for recovering a metal core from an enameled wire , wherein an external force is applied so that the enameled wire is flattened by an impact-type crusher and peeled off. A method for recovering a metal component, comprising a separation step of separating and removing an insulating material from a core material is provided.
この金属分回収方法にあっては、芯材が例えば銅からなる。また、エナメル線を複数に分割切断する切断工程を有していても良い。また、前記切断工程において、エナメル線を長さが0.1〜15mmに切断しても良い。 In this method for collecting metal components, the core material is made of, for example, copper. Further, a cutting step of dividing the enamel wire into a plurality of pieces may be provided. In the cutting step, the enameled wire may be cut to a length of 0.1 to 15 mm.
また、本発明によれば、エナメル線から金属分である芯材を回収するシステムであって、金属電線を複数に分割切断する切断装置と、金属電線の芯材に変形操作を加え、絶縁材を芯材から剥離する剥離装置と、剥離された絶縁材を芯材から分離除去する分離装置を有し、前記剥離装置が衝撃式粉砕機であることを特徴とする、金属分回収システムが提供される。 Further, according to the present invention, there is provided a system for recovering a core material that is a metal component from an enameled wire, a cutting device for dividing and cutting a metal electric wire into a plurality of pieces, and a deforming operation performed on a core material of the metal electric wire, thereby forming an insulating material. a peeling device for peeling from the core material, the peeled insulating material have a separating device separating off from the core material, wherein the peeling device is an impact mill, provided metal content recovery system Is done.
本発明にあっては、剥離工程で金属電線の芯材に変形を加えることで、金属電線の表面の被覆材を剥離する。そして、分離工程で剥離された分離除去することで、高品な金属分が得られる。本発明は従来技術に対して、金属電線に対し加熱操作や燃焼操作を加えない、剥離した被覆材の分離には脱水・乾燥・湿式工程の導入をしなくともよい、薬剤の使用がない、といった利点がある。 In the present invention, the covering material on the surface of the metal electric wire is peeled by deforming the core material of the metal electric wire in the peeling step. Then, a high-quality metal component can be obtained by separating and removing in the separating step. The present invention, in contrast to the prior art, does not add a heating operation or a combustion operation to the metal wire, it is not necessary to introduce a dehydration, drying and wet process for separating the peeled coating material, there is no use of chemicals, There are advantages.
以下に、本発明の実施の形態の一例を説明する。
図１に示すように、本発明の実施の形態の金属分回収方法では、金属電線を複数に分割切断する切断工程、絶縁材を芯材から剥離する剥離工程、絶縁材を芯材から分離除去する分離工程が順次行われて、金属分である芯材が回収される。
Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, in the method for collecting metal components according to the embodiment of the present invention, a cutting step of dividing a metal electric wire into a plurality of pieces, a separating step of separating an insulating material from a core material, and separating and removing the insulating material from the core material Are sequentially performed, and the core material, which is a metal component, is collected.
＜金属電線＞
金属電線は、金属分である銅線、アルミ線などの芯材を絶縁材で被覆したものであり、例えば、コンプレッサーモーターの銅コイルに使用されるエナメル線を対象とする。エナメル線は、銅線の周囲を絶縁のためにエナメルを薄く塗布して被覆することができるものであり、このエナメル被覆は耐熱性、耐薬品性が高く、除去することが困難なため、本発明の好適な対象となる。エナメルの膜厚は、例えば0.002〜0.049mmである。また、エナメル線の場合、銅品位は、例えば約９８％である。
<Metal wire>
The metal electric wire is obtained by coating a core material such as a copper wire and an aluminum wire, which is a metal component, with an insulating material, and is, for example, an enamel wire used for a copper coil of a compressor motor. The enameled wire can be coated with a thin coating of enamel for insulation around the copper wire.This enamelled coating has high heat resistance and chemical resistance and is difficult to remove. It is a preferred object of the invention. The thickness of the enamel is, for example, 0.002 to 0.049 mm. In the case of an enameled wire, the copper grade is, for example, about 98%.
絶縁材としては、例えば、イミド系材料、ウレタン系材料、エステル系材料、エステルイミド系材料およびアミドイミド系材料といった一般的に使用されている高分子有機化合物材料が使用される。絶縁材の被膜厚の上限・下限は特にないが、例えば、金属電線の直径が０．１〜１．２ｍｍである。 As the insulating material, for example, generally used high-molecular organic compound materials such as imide-based materials, urethane-based materials, ester-based materials, ester-imide-based materials, and amide-imide-based materials are used. There is no particular upper or lower limit for the thickness of the insulating material, but for example, the diameter of the metal electric wire is 0.1 to 1.2 mm.
＜切断工程＞
切断工程は、例えばナゲット機（粉砕機）によって行われる。切断工程では、金属電線を複数に分割切断し、例えば、線径１．２ｍｍ程度のエナメル線を、長さ１５ｍｍ程度以下に切断する。
<Cutting process>
The cutting step is performed by, for example, a nugget machine (pulverizer). In the cutting step, the metal electric wire is cut into a plurality of pieces, and for example, an enamel wire having a wire diameter of about 1.2 mm is cut into a length of about 15 mm or less.
＜剥離工程＞
剥離工程は、例えばスタンプミル（衝撃式粉砕機）で金属電線を扁平にすることによって行われる。スタンプミルの仕様の一例は次のようである。
使用電源：AC100V 50Hz
定格消費電力：49W
ストローク：60mm
ストローク数：100rpm
使用乳鉢（ツボ型）：外径143mm、内容積約1L
寸法：320×356×790mm
<Peeling step>
The peeling step is performed, for example, by flattening the metal electric wire with a stamp mill (impact pulverizer). An example of the specifications of the stamp mill is as follows.
Use power supply: AC100V 50Hz
Rated power consumption: 49W
Stroke: 60mm
Stroke number: 100rpm
Use mortar (pot type): 143mm outside diameter, internal volume about 1L
Dimensions: 320 × 356 × 790mm
剥離工程では、金属電線が扁平になるよう外力を加え、絶縁材を芯材から剥離する。衝撃式粉砕機への切断された金属電線の投入量は、例えば２００ｇであり、処理時間は、例えば２時間とする。 In the peeling step, an external force is applied so that the metal electric wire becomes flat, and the insulating material is peeled from the core material. The input amount of the cut metal wire into the impact-type pulverizer is, for example, 200 g, and the processing time is, for example, 2 hours.
＜分離工程＞
分離工程は、例えば、以下の仕様の篩を用いる。
直径：200mm
目開き：500μm
<Separation process>
In the separation step, for example, a sieve having the following specifications is used.
Diameter: 200mm
Aperture: 500μm
分離工程は、処理時間を例えば１分間とし、手動篩分けによって行い、篩上を金属分（芯材）として回収する。篩を通過した篩下は剥離くずであり、剥離された絶縁材を芯材から分離除去する。 The separation step is performed by manual sieving with a treatment time of, for example, 1 minute, and the screen is collected as a metal component (core material). Below the sieve that has passed through the sieve is debris, and the separated insulating material is separated and removed from the core material.
以上の各工程からなる金属分回収方法を行うことで、高品な金属分が得られるようになる。この金属分回収方法は、金属電線に対し加熱操作や燃焼操作を加えない、剥離した被覆材の分離には脱水・乾燥・湿式工程の導入をしなくともよい、薬剤の使用がない、といった利点がある。 By performing the metal content recovery method including the above steps, a high-quality metal content can be obtained. This metal content recovery method has the advantages of not requiring heating or burning operations on the metal wire, eliminating the need for dehydration, drying and wet processes to separate the peeled coating material, and eliminating the use of chemicals. There is.
コンプレッサーモーターの銅コイルのエナメル線について、金属分である銅の回収を行った。図１のフローに従い、一連の工程をバッチ作業で、複数回の回収を行った。 With respect to the enameled wire of the copper coil of the compressor motor, copper as a metal component was recovered. According to the flow of FIG. 1, a series of steps were collected a plurality of times by batch work.
衝撃式粉砕機は、ニットースタンプミル ANS143型を用いた。ストローク数は、実測値105rpmであった。投入量は２００ｇ、処理時間は２時間である。 As the impact-type pulverizer, Nitto Stamp Mill ANS143 type was used. The number of strokes was an actually measured value of 105 rpm. The input amount is 200 g and the processing time is 2 hours.
分離工程では、篩分け（篩目開き500μm、φ200mm、手篩1分間）を行い、篩上を金属分として回収し、篩下は剥離くずとした。 In the separation step, sieving (500 μm sieve, φ200 mm, hand sieve for 1 minute) was performed, and the upper part of the sieve was collected as metal, and the lower part of the sieve was used as debris.
以上の処理を１１回のバッチ作業により行い、約２．１ｋｇの金属分を作成した。投入量と回収した金属分の重量バランスを表１に示す。金属分は投入量に対し重量比９５．６％となり、剥離くずは重量比４．４％であった。 The above process was performed by 11 batch operations to produce a metal content of about 2.1 kg. Table 1 shows the balance between the input amount and the weight of the recovered metal. The metal content was 95.6% by weight based on the input amount, and the debris was 4.4% by weight.
次に、金属分の銅品位を調べた。金属分を酸溶解（濃硝酸、200℃加熱、20分間）し、ろ過してろ紙上を乾燥（105℃、3時間）させ、計量した。エナメルは硝酸に溶解しない性質を利用し、ろ紙上の残渣を計量することで、金属分の銅品位を求めた。その結果、金属分の銅品位は質量％で99.9%であった（表２）。 Next, the copper quality of the metal was examined. The metal component was dissolved in acid (concentrated nitric acid, heated at 200 ° C for 20 minutes), filtered, dried on filter paper (105 ° C, 3 hours), and weighed. Using the property of enamel not dissolving in nitric acid, the residue on the filter paper was measured to determine the copper content of the metal. As a result, the copper grade of the metal component was 99.9% by mass (Table 2).
次に、剥離くずの銅品位を調べた。
剥離くずの銅品位を図１のフローの通り、求めた。剥離くずを酸溶解（濃硝酸、200℃加熱、1時間）し、ろ過してろ液を定容し、分析（ICP-AES）した。剥離くずの銅品位は質量％で73.7%であった。
Next, the copper quality of the debris was examined.
The copper quality of the debris was determined according to the flow shown in FIG. The stripped waste was dissolved in acid (concentrated nitric acid, heated at 200 ° C. for 1 hour), filtered, the filtrate was measured in volume, and analyzed (ICP-AES). The copper quality of the debris was 73.7% by mass.
以上の実施例の結果からコンプレッサーモーターの銅コイルのエナメル線の銅品位は98.7%であると推測できる。以下の品位・収率を得た。
銅品位：質量％で99.9%
収率: 質量％で95.6%
From the results of the above example, it can be estimated that the copper grade of the enameled wire of the copper coil of the compressor motor is 98.7%. The following grades and yields were obtained.
Copper grade: 99.9% by mass
Yield: 95.6% by mass
Claims (5)
衝撃式粉砕機でエナメル線が扁平になるよう外力を加え、
剥離された絶縁材を芯材から分離除去する分離工程を有することを特徴とする、金属分回収方法。 A method of recovering a metal core material from an enameled wire ,
Apply external force with an impact-type crusher so that the enameled wire becomes flat,
A method for recovering a metal component, comprising a separation step of separating and removing an exfoliated insulating material from a core material.
エナメル線を複数に分割切断する切断装置と、
エナメル線の芯材に変形操作を加え、絶縁材を芯材から剥離する剥離装置と、
剥離された絶縁材を芯材から分離除去する分離装置を有し、
前記剥離装置が衝撃式粉砕機であることを特徴とする、金属分回収システム。 A system for recovering a metal core material from an enameled wire ,
A cutting device for dividing the enamel wire into a plurality of pieces,
A peeling device that applies a deformation operation to the core material of the enameled wire and peels off the insulating material from the core material;
Exfoliated insulation have a separating device separating off from the core material,
The said stripping apparatus is an impact-type pulverizer , The metal content collection system characterized by the above-mentioned .
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| JPS5642894Y2 (en) * | 1978-07-13 | 1981-10-07 | ||
| JPS5635613A (en) * | 1979-08-28 | 1981-04-08 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Method and device for separating insulating film of magnet wire |
| JPS5838893B2 (en) * | 1980-03-11 | 1983-08-26 | 昭和電線電纜株式会社 | How to continuously regenerate enameled wire |
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| JP6056088B2 (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2017-01-11 | 株式会社アステック入江 | Processing method for resin-coated wires |
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