JP6632926B2 - Metal recovery method and metal recovery system from metal electric wire - Google Patents

Metal recovery method and metal recovery system from metal electric wire Download PDF

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JP6632926B2
JP6632926B2 JP2016067778A JP2016067778A JP6632926B2 JP 6632926 B2 JP6632926 B2 JP 6632926B2 JP 2016067778 A JP2016067778 A JP 2016067778A JP 2016067778 A JP2016067778 A JP 2016067778A JP 6632926 B2 JP6632926 B2 JP 6632926B2
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奨太 田畑
奨太 田畑
亮栄 渡邊
亮栄 渡邊
寿 佐々木
寿 佐々木
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Dowa Eco Systems Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、エナメル線などの金属電線から金属分である芯材を回収する技術に関する。   The present invention relates to a technique for recovering a core material that is a metal component from a metal electric wire such as an enameled wire.

廃棄された電化製品や機械製品などから回収される金属電線は、銅、アルミニウム等の金属を含んでおり、有用な資源である。このため、従来より、金属電線から金属分を回収する方法がいくつか提案されている。   Metal wires recovered from discarded electric appliances and machine products contain metals such as copper and aluminum, and are useful resources. For this reason, conventionally, several methods for recovering metal from metal electric wires have been proposed.

例えば、特許文献1には、廃電線を破砕した後、比重選別して金属分を回収する方法が開示されている。特許文献2には、シース材被覆配電線をギロチン切断装置で切断し、加圧してシース材と電線を剥離し、次いで選別分離する方法が開示されている。特許文献3には、廃電線の金属以外の部分を炭化した後、破砕し、次いで分離する方法が開示されている。特許文献4には、被覆層を加熱蒸発させて除去する方法が開示されている。特許文献5には、ワイヤーハーネスをナゲット処理して胴体成分と樹脂成分を分別する方法が開示されている。特許文献6には、銅部材を加熱することにより、エナメル被覆層を炭化させた後、撹拌して衝突させることでエナメル被覆層を剥離する方法が開示されている。しかしながら、被覆層を剥離することは困難であり、特にエナメル被覆は耐熱性、耐薬品性が高いため、除去することが困難であった。このため、金属分である芯材を高品位に分離回収できる手段の出現が望まれていた。   For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses a method in which a waste wire is crushed and then a metal is recovered by specific gravity sorting. Patent Document 2 discloses a method in which a sheath material-coated power distribution line is cut by a guillotine cutting device, the sheath material and the electric wire are separated by applying pressure, and then separated and separated. Patent Literature 3 discloses a method of carbonizing, crushing, and then separating a portion of a waste electric wire other than metal. Patent Literature 4 discloses a method of removing a coating layer by heating and evaporating the coating layer. Patent Document 5 discloses a method of nugget-treating a wire harness to separate a body component and a resin component. Patent Literature 6 discloses a method in which an enamel coating layer is carbonized by heating a copper member, and then the enamel coating layer is peeled off by stirring and collision. However, it is difficult to remove the coating layer, and in particular, it is difficult to remove the enamel coating because of its high heat resistance and chemical resistance. For this reason, the appearance of means capable of separating and recovering the core material, which is a metal component, with high quality has been desired.

特開2001−184959号公報JP 2001-184959 A 特開2001ー351450号公報JP 2001-351450 A 特開2009−249665号公報JP 2009-249665 A 特開2001−275222号公報JP 2001-275222 A 特開2002−75094号公報JP-A-2002-75094 特開2011−174175号公報JP 2011-174175 A

本発明は、絶縁材で金属分である芯材が被覆された金属電線に薬剤を使用することなく、また、排ガスの発生や加熱・燃焼をすることなく、金属分である芯材を高品位に分離回収することを目的とする。   The present invention provides a high-quality metal core material without using a chemical on a metal electric wire coated with a metal core material with an insulating material, and without generating exhaust gas, heating or burning. It is intended to be separated and collected.

かかる目的を達成するために、本発明によれば、エナメル線から金属分である芯材を回収する方法であって、衝撃式粉砕機でエナメル線が扁平になるよう外力を加え、剥離された絶縁材を芯材から分離除去する分離工程を有することを特徴とする、金属分回収方法が提供される。 To achieve this object, according to the present invention, there is provided a method for recovering a metal core from an enameled wire , wherein an external force is applied so that the enameled wire is flattened by an impact-type crusher and peeled off. A method for recovering a metal component, comprising a separation step of separating and removing an insulating material from a core material is provided.

この金属分回収方法にあっては、芯材が例えば銅からなる。また、エナメル線を複数に分割切断する切断工程を有していても良い。また、前記切断工程において、エナメル線を長さが0.1〜15mmに切断しても良い。 In this method for collecting metal components, the core material is made of, for example, copper. Further, a cutting step of dividing the enamel wire into a plurality of pieces may be provided. In the cutting step, the enameled wire may be cut to a length of 0.1 to 15 mm.

また、本発明によれば、エナメル線から金属分である芯材を回収するシステムであって、金属電線を複数に分割切断する切断装置と、金属電線の芯材に変形操作を加え、絶縁材を芯材から剥離する剥離装置と、剥離された絶縁材を芯材から分離除去する分離装置を有し、前記剥離装置が衝撃式粉砕機であることを特徴とする、金属分回収システムが提供される。 Further, according to the present invention, there is provided a system for recovering a core material that is a metal component from an enameled wire, a cutting device for dividing and cutting a metal electric wire into a plurality of pieces, and a deforming operation performed on a core material of the metal electric wire, thereby forming an insulating material. a peeling device for peeling from the core material, the peeled insulating material have a separating device separating off from the core material, wherein the peeling device is an impact mill, provided metal content recovery system Is done.

本発明にあっては、剥離工程で金属電線の芯材に変形を加えることで、金属電線の表面の被覆材を剥離する。そして、分離工程で剥離された分離除去することで、高品な金属分が得られる。本発明は従来技術に対して、金属電線に対し加熱操作や燃焼操作を加えない、剥離した被覆材の分離には脱水・乾燥・湿式工程の導入をしなくともよい、薬剤の使用がない、といった利点がある。   In the present invention, the covering material on the surface of the metal electric wire is peeled by deforming the core material of the metal electric wire in the peeling step. Then, a high-quality metal component can be obtained by separating and removing in the separating step. The present invention, in contrast to the prior art, does not add a heating operation or a combustion operation to the metal wire, it is not necessary to introduce a dehydration, drying and wet process for separating the peeled coating material, there is no use of chemicals, There are advantages.

本発明の実施の形態に係る金属分回収方法の処理フローの説明である。It is a description of the processing flow of the metal content recovery method according to the embodiment of the present invention.

以下に、本発明の実施の形態の一例を説明する。
図1に示すように、本発明の実施の形態の金属分回収方法では、金属電線を複数に分割切断する切断工程、絶縁材を芯材から剥離する剥離工程、絶縁材を芯材から分離除去する分離工程が順次行われて、金属分である芯材が回収される。
Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, in the method for collecting metal components according to the embodiment of the present invention, a cutting step of dividing a metal electric wire into a plurality of pieces, a separating step of separating an insulating material from a core material, and separating and removing the insulating material from the core material Are sequentially performed, and the core material, which is a metal component, is collected.

<金属電線>
金属電線は、金属分である銅線、アルミ線などの芯材を絶縁材で被覆したものであり、例えば、コンプレッサーモーターの銅コイルに使用されるエナメル線を対象とする。エナメル線は、銅線の周囲を絶縁のためにエナメルを薄く塗布して被覆することができるものであり、このエナメル被覆は耐熱性、耐薬品性が高く、除去することが困難なため、本発明の好適な対象となる。エナメルの膜厚は、例えば0.002〜0.049mmである。また、エナメル線の場合、銅品位は、例えば約98%である。
<Metal wire>
The metal electric wire is obtained by coating a core material such as a copper wire and an aluminum wire, which is a metal component, with an insulating material, and is, for example, an enamel wire used for a copper coil of a compressor motor. The enameled wire can be coated with a thin coating of enamel for insulation around the copper wire.This enamelled coating has high heat resistance and chemical resistance and is difficult to remove. It is a preferred object of the invention. The thickness of the enamel is, for example, 0.002 to 0.049 mm. In the case of an enameled wire, the copper grade is, for example, about 98%.

絶縁材としては、例えば、イミド系材料、ウレタン系材料、エステル系材料、エステルイミド系材料およびアミドイミド系材料といった一般的に使用されている高分子有機化合物材料が使用される。絶縁材の被膜厚の上限・下限は特にないが、例えば、金属電線の直径が0.1〜1.2mmである。   As the insulating material, for example, generally used high-molecular organic compound materials such as imide-based materials, urethane-based materials, ester-based materials, ester-imide-based materials, and amide-imide-based materials are used. There is no particular upper or lower limit for the thickness of the insulating material, but for example, the diameter of the metal electric wire is 0.1 to 1.2 mm.

<切断工程>
切断工程は、例えばナゲット機(粉砕機)によって行われる。切断工程では、金属電線を複数に分割切断し、例えば、線径1.2mm程度のエナメル線を、長さ15mm程度以下に切断する。
<Cutting process>
The cutting step is performed by, for example, a nugget machine (pulverizer). In the cutting step, the metal electric wire is cut into a plurality of pieces, and for example, an enamel wire having a wire diameter of about 1.2 mm is cut into a length of about 15 mm or less.

<剥離工程>
剥離工程は、例えばスタンプミル(衝撃式粉砕機)で金属電線を扁平にすることによって行われる。スタンプミルの仕様の一例は次のようである。
使用電源:AC100V 50Hz
定格消費電力:49W
ストローク:60mm
ストローク数:100rpm
使用乳鉢(ツボ型):外径143mm、内容積約1L
寸法:320×356×790mm
<Peeling step>
The peeling step is performed, for example, by flattening the metal electric wire with a stamp mill (impact pulverizer). An example of the specifications of the stamp mill is as follows.
Use power supply: AC100V 50Hz
Rated power consumption: 49W
Stroke: 60mm
Stroke number: 100rpm
Use mortar (pot type): 143mm outside diameter, internal volume about 1L
Dimensions: 320 × 356 × 790mm

剥離工程では、金属電線が扁平になるよう外力を加え、絶縁材を芯材から剥離する。衝撃式粉砕機への切断された金属電線の投入量は、例えば200gであり、処理時間は、例えば2時間とする。   In the peeling step, an external force is applied so that the metal electric wire becomes flat, and the insulating material is peeled from the core material. The input amount of the cut metal wire into the impact-type pulverizer is, for example, 200 g, and the processing time is, for example, 2 hours.

<分離工程>
分離工程は、例えば、以下の仕様の篩を用いる。
直径:200mm
目開き:500μm
<Separation process>
In the separation step, for example, a sieve having the following specifications is used.
Diameter: 200mm
Aperture: 500μm

分離工程は、処理時間を例えば1分間とし、手動篩分けによって行い、篩上を金属分(芯材)として回収する。篩を通過した篩下は剥離くずであり、剥離された絶縁材を芯材から分離除去する。   The separation step is performed by manual sieving with a treatment time of, for example, 1 minute, and the screen is collected as a metal component (core material). Below the sieve that has passed through the sieve is debris, and the separated insulating material is separated and removed from the core material.

以上の各工程からなる金属分回収方法を行うことで、高品な金属分が得られるようになる。この金属分回収方法は、金属電線に対し加熱操作や燃焼操作を加えない、剥離した被覆材の分離には脱水・乾燥・湿式工程の導入をしなくともよい、薬剤の使用がない、といった利点がある。   By performing the metal content recovery method including the above steps, a high-quality metal content can be obtained. This metal content recovery method has the advantages of not requiring heating or burning operations on the metal wire, eliminating the need for dehydration, drying and wet processes to separate the peeled coating material, and eliminating the use of chemicals. There is.

コンプレッサーモーターの銅コイルのエナメル線について、金属分である銅の回収を行った。図1のフローに従い、一連の工程をバッチ作業で、複数回の回収を行った。   With respect to the enameled wire of the copper coil of the compressor motor, copper as a metal component was recovered. According to the flow of FIG. 1, a series of steps were collected a plurality of times by batch work.

衝撃式粉砕機は、ニットースタンプミル ANS143型を用いた。ストローク数は、実測値105rpmであった。投入量は200g、処理時間は2時間である。   As the impact-type pulverizer, Nitto Stamp Mill ANS143 type was used. The number of strokes was an actually measured value of 105 rpm. The input amount is 200 g and the processing time is 2 hours.

分離工程では、篩分け(篩目開き500μm、φ200mm、手篩1分間)を行い、篩上を金属分として回収し、篩下は剥離くずとした。   In the separation step, sieving (500 μm sieve, φ200 mm, hand sieve for 1 minute) was performed, and the upper part of the sieve was collected as metal, and the lower part of the sieve was used as debris.

以上の処理を11回のバッチ作業により行い、約2.1kgの金属分を作成した。投入量と回収した金属分の重量バランスを表1に示す。金属分は投入量に対し重量比95.6%となり、剥離くずは重量比4.4%であった。   The above process was performed by 11 batch operations to produce a metal content of about 2.1 kg. Table 1 shows the balance between the input amount and the weight of the recovered metal. The metal content was 95.6% by weight based on the input amount, and the debris was 4.4% by weight.

Figure 0006632926
Figure 0006632926

次に、金属分の銅品位を調べた。金属分を酸溶解(濃硝酸、200℃加熱、20分間)し、ろ過してろ紙上を乾燥(105℃、3時間)させ、計量した。エナメルは硝酸に溶解しない性質を利用し、ろ紙上の残渣を計量することで、金属分の銅品位を求めた。その結果、金属分の銅品位は質量%で99.9%であった(表2)。   Next, the copper quality of the metal was examined. The metal component was dissolved in acid (concentrated nitric acid, heated at 200 ° C for 20 minutes), filtered, dried on filter paper (105 ° C, 3 hours), and weighed. Using the property of enamel not dissolving in nitric acid, the residue on the filter paper was measured to determine the copper content of the metal. As a result, the copper grade of the metal component was 99.9% by mass (Table 2).

Figure 0006632926
Figure 0006632926

次に、剥離くずの銅品位を調べた。
剥離くずの銅品位を図1のフローの通り、求めた。剥離くずを酸溶解(濃硝酸、200℃加熱、1時間)し、ろ過してろ液を定容し、分析(ICP-AES)した。剥離くずの銅品位は質量%で73.7%であった。
Next, the copper quality of the debris was examined.
The copper quality of the debris was determined according to the flow shown in FIG. The stripped waste was dissolved in acid (concentrated nitric acid, heated at 200 ° C. for 1 hour), filtered, the filtrate was measured in volume, and analyzed (ICP-AES). The copper quality of the debris was 73.7% by mass.

以上の実施例の結果からコンプレッサーモーターの銅コイルのエナメル線の銅品位は98.7%であると推測できる。以下の品位・収率を得た。
銅品位:質量%で99.9%
収率: 質量%で95.6%
From the results of the above example, it can be estimated that the copper grade of the enameled wire of the copper coil of the compressor motor is 98.7%. The following grades and yields were obtained.
Copper grade: 99.9% by mass
Yield: 95.6% by mass

Claims (5)

エナメル線から金属分である芯材を回収する方法であって、
衝撃式粉砕機でエナメル線が扁平になるよう外力を加え、
剥離された絶縁材を芯材から分離除去する分離工程を有することを特徴とする、金属分回収方法。
A method of recovering a metal core material from an enameled wire ,
Apply external force with an impact-type crusher so that the enameled wire becomes flat,
A method for recovering a metal component, comprising a separation step of separating and removing an exfoliated insulating material from a core material.
芯材が銅からなることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の金属分回収方法。   The method according to claim 1, wherein the core material is made of copper. エナメル線を複数に分割切断する切断工程を有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜のいずれか一項に記載の金属分回収方法。 And having a cutting step of several divided cutting the enamel wire, the metal component collection method according to any one of claims 1-2. 前記切断工程において、エナメル線を長さが0.1〜15mmに切断することを特徴とする、請求項に記載の金属分回収方法。 4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein in the cutting step, the enameled wire is cut to a length of 0.1 to 15 mm. 5. エナメル線から金属分である芯材を回収するシステムであって、
エナメル線を複数に分割切断する切断装置と、
エナメル線の芯材に変形操作を加え、絶縁材を芯材から剥離する剥離装置と、
剥離された絶縁材を芯材から分離除去する分離装置を有し、
前記剥離装置が衝撃式粉砕機であることを特徴とする、金属分回収システム。
A system for recovering a metal core material from an enameled wire ,
A cutting device for dividing the enamel wire into a plurality of pieces,
A peeling device that applies a deformation operation to the core material of the enameled wire and peels off the insulating material from the core material;
Exfoliated insulation have a separating device separating off from the core material,
The said stripping apparatus is an impact-type pulverizer , The metal content collection system characterized by the above-mentioned .
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