JP6624349B1 - Rectifier - Google Patents

Abstract

A frame, which is mounted on a rotating shaft and supports a blade that receives the flow of fluid and rotates the rotating shaft, is supported by a frame member constituting the frame, and flows from an upstream side of the frame member. A frame resistance suppressor that rotates along the flow of the fluid is provided so as to suppress the resistance applied to the frame member due to the coming fluid.

Description

  The present invention relates to a rectifier.

  For example, wind power generation, tidal power generation, and the like generate power by generating rotational force using the energy of fluid such as wind and tidal current. In wind power generation and tidal power generation, a vertical axis type rotation device such as a Darrieus type in which a rotation axis is provided perpendicular to a fluid is generally used. The vertical axis type rotation device is provided with a blade that receives fluid at the tip of an arm extending radially from the rotation axis. Therefore, in order to efficiently transmit a rotational force from a fluid to a rotary shaft, a blade having a shape that efficiently generates a lift is provided in a vertical axis type rotating device (for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2013-245564 A

  However, when the fluid passes around the rotation axis of the frame and the rotating device in wind power generation and tidal power generation, the flow of the fluid is disturbed due to the shape of the frame and the rotation axis, so that the frame and the rotation axis and the fluid A so-called separation occurs between the two. In addition, a vortex such as a Karman vortex is generated in a region downstream of the frame and the rotating shaft in a direction in which the fluid passes. Such separation or vortex generated between the frame and the rotating shaft and the fluid causes a pressure drop downstream of the frame and the rotating shaft. Then, a so-called viscous pressure resistance is applied to the frame and the rotating shaft due to the pressure drop. Furthermore, the flow disturbance caused by separation and Karman vortex reach the rotating blades downstream of the frame and rotating shaft, disturbing the flow around the blades, greatly reducing the efficiency of conversion to rotational power. Let it.

  In other words, in wind power generation and tidal power generation, excessive resistance is applied to the frame due to the viscous pressure resistance of the fluid, so it is necessary to increase the strength of the frame itself and the strength when fixing the frame to a harbor structure etc. There is a possibility that an increase in frame manufacturing cost, an increase in transport cost due to an increase in frame weight, an increase in frame installation cost, and the like may occur. In addition, the flow around the blade may be disturbed by the turbulence of the flow or the vortex such as the Karman vortex, which may cause a decrease in power generation efficiency.

  Further, when a turbulence such as a turbulent flow or a Karman vortex is generated near the water surface, a wave is generated on the water surface, so that a so-called wave-making resistance is applied to the frame and the rotation axis. As a result, as described above, there is a possibility that an increase in frame manufacturing cost, an increase in transport cost due to an increase in frame weight, an increase in frame installation cost, and the like may occur.

Primary aspect of the present invention to solve the problems described above, attached to a rotating shaft, blades for rotating the rotary shaft by receiving a flow of fluid, in the frame supporting the, is supported by a frame member constituting the frame, the A frame resistance suppressor that rotates along the flow of the fluid, so as to suppress a resistance applied to the frame member due to the fluid flowing from an upstream side of the frame member ; In a state of being rotated along the direction of the flow of the fluid, as it moves from the frame member to the downstream end of the frame resistance suppressing body, in a direction along the rotation axis and in a direction of the flow of the fluid. It is characterized in that it is formed so that the thickness in the direction perpendicular to the direction is gradually reduced .

  Other features of the present invention will be apparent from the accompanying drawings and the description of the present specification.

  According to the present invention, in a situation in which a frame is provided so as to surround a rotating device placed in a fluid, turbulence of fluid flow generated in a region on the downstream side of the frame placed in the fluid or a vortex such as Karman vortex is generated. Therefore, it is possible to improve the power generation efficiency by suppressing the turbulence of the tidal current caused by the frame and rectifying the flow. Further, according to the present invention, the viscous pressure resistance generated in the frame can be suppressed. As a result, the frame can be manufactured with low strength, and the manufacturing cost of the frame can be reduced. Further, since the weight of the frame can be reduced and the method of fixing the frame to a port structure can be simplified, the installation cost of the frame can be reduced.

  In addition, it is possible to suppress waves that may be generated on the water surface due to the occurrence of turbulence such as the turbulence of the flow or the Karman vortex near the water surface. As a result, the frame can be manufactured with low strength, and the manufacturing cost of the frame can be reduced. Further, since the weight of the frame can be reduced and the method of fixing the frame to a port structure can be simplified, the installation cost of the frame can be reduced. In addition, since the turbulence of the flow can be suppressed by rectifying the flow of the fluid, the power generation efficiency can be improved.

It is a perspective view showing an example of a rectifier concerning a 1st embodiment. It is a perspective view showing an example which expanded a rectifier concerning a 1st embodiment. It is a top view showing an example which looked at the frame resistance control body of the rectifier concerning a 1st embodiment from + Y direction. It is a top view showing an example which looked at a situation where a frame resistance control body of a rectifier concerning a 1st embodiment turns from + Y direction. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an example of a frame resistance suppressor disposed on a horizontally provided frame member of the rectifier according to the first embodiment as viewed from the + Z direction. It is a perspective view showing an example of a rectifier concerning a 2nd embodiment. It is a perspective view showing an example which expanded a rectifier concerning a 2nd embodiment. It is a perspective view showing an example of a rectification device concerning a 3rd embodiment. It is a perspective view showing an example which expanded a rectifier concerning a 3rd embodiment. It is a top view showing an example of the rectification device concerning a 3rd embodiment seen from + Y direction. It is a perspective view showing an example which provided a flange in a frame resistance control object of a rectification device concerning a 3rd embodiment. It is a perspective view showing an example of a variation of a frame resistance control object of a rectifier concerning a 3rd embodiment. It is a perspective view showing an example of a rotation device of a perpendicular axis type. It is a perspective view showing an example in which a frame is provided in a rotation device of a perpendicular axis type. It is a top view which shows an example which looked at the generation | occurrence | production state of the turbulence of the flow and the Karman vortex which generate | occur | produced in the flame | frame of a vertical-axis type rotation apparatus from + Y direction. It is a perspective view which shows the turbulence of the flow which arises in the rotating shaft of a rotating device of a vertical axis type | system | group, and the generation situation of Karman vortex. It is a perspective view which shows the turbulence of the flow which arises in the frame which surrounds the rotating device of a vertical axis type, and the generation situation of Karman vortex. It is a lineblock diagram showing an example of a power generator.

  At least the following matters will be made clear by the description in the present specification and the accompanying drawings.

  In the following description, the Y axis is a direction along the rotation axis 100, and the X axis and the Z axis are axes perpendicular to the Y axis. 1 to 18, the same members will be described with the same numerals. In the following description, unless otherwise specified, it is assumed that the fluid flows from the minus side to the plus side along the X axis. Further, the side of the rotating shaft 100 and the frame 130 in the direction in which the fluid flows may be referred to as “downstream side”, and the side in the direction in which the fluid flows may be referred to as “upstream side”. Further, the direction along the X axis may be referred to as “X direction”, the direction along the Y axis may be referred to as “Y direction”, and the direction along the Z axis may be referred to as “Z direction”. In each of the “X direction”, “Y direction”, and “Z direction”, “+” is added to the + side and “−” is added to the − side in some cases. In addition, a cross section of the rectifier divided by a plane including the X axis and the Z axis may be referred to as “XZ cross section”.

=== Rotating device 200 in which rectifying device is arranged ===
<< Rotating device 200 >>
The configuration of the rotating device 200 according to the power generation device 1000 in which the rectifier according to the present embodiment is installed will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing an example of a vertical axis type rotation device 200. FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing an example in which a frame 130 is provided in a vertical axis type rotation device 200. FIG. 18 is a configuration diagram illustrating an example of the power generation device 1000.

  As shown in FIG. 18, a rotating device 200 is a device that transmits a rotating force to a speed increaser 300 of a power generator 1000 (including a turbine (not shown)) via a rotating shaft 100, for example. The speed increaser 300 is a device that increases the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 100 and transmits the rotation speed to the generator 400. The power generation device 1000 is, for example, a wind power generation device or a tidal power generation device. A wind power generator is a power generator that generates power by rotating a windmill using wind pressure energy generated by wind. The tidal power generator is a power generator that generates power by rotating a water turbine using tidal energy generated by the tide. The rotating device 200 in which the rectifying device according to the present embodiment is arranged is, for example, a rotating device of a vertical axis type power generating device such as a Darrieus type.

  As shown in FIG. 13, the rotating device 200 of the wind turbine generator includes a rotating shaft 100 and a blade 120. The rotating shaft 100 has, for example, one end in the X direction connected to the gearbox 300. The rotating shaft 100 transmits a rotating force to the gearbox 300. The rotation shaft 100 rotates, for example, in a clockwise direction (hereinafter, referred to as a “rotation direction”) when a blade 120 described later is viewed from the + Y direction. The following description is based on a provisional line passing through the center of the rotating shaft 100 as a center line. The blade 120 is a member that obtains a lift in the rotation direction by the flow of the fluid. The blade 120 is rotating around the rotation axis 100. The blade 120 includes an arm 110 provided at an end in the + Y direction of the blade 120 and an arm 111 provided at an end in the -Y direction. The blade 120 transmits the lift in the rotation direction to the rotation shaft 100 via the arms (110, 111) as the rotation force in the rotation direction. The arm (110, 111) is a member that connects the rotating shaft 100 and the main body of the blade 120 and transmits a lift in the rotating direction generated on the blade 120 to the rotating shaft 100. The arms (110, 111) extend, for example, radially from the rotation shaft 100, and the end opposite to the rotation shaft 100 is connected to the blade 120.

  As shown in FIG. 14, the rotating device 200 of the tidal current generator is fixed to the frame 130 underwater. In the frame 130, for example, any one of the frame members 131 parallel to the rotation axis 100 is fixed to a concrete structure such as a bay structure or a pier foundation. The frame 130 may be fixed on a foundation such as concrete installed on the sea floor, or may be fixed on a floating body installed on the sea surface. The frame 130 is supported by the rotating shaft 100 via bearings (140A, 140B) so that the rotating shaft 100 can rotate, for example. Note that the rotating shaft 100 and the blade 120 in the rotating device 200 of the tidal power generation device are the same as those of the rotating device 200 of the wind power generation device, and thus description thereof will be omitted.

  In the above description, the rotating device 200 has been described as being of the vertical axis type. The mode in which the rotating shaft 100 is installed is not limited. Further, the rotating device 200 in which the blade 120 of the rotating device 200 is attached to the rotating shaft 100 without using the arms (110, 111) may be used. In the following description, a case where the rotating shaft 100 of the rotating device 200 is provided vertically (Y direction) will be described.

<< Resistance due to fluid >>
With reference to FIGS. 15, 16, and 17, a description will be given of the turbulence of the flow generated on the rotating shaft 100 and the frame 130 and the vortex such as the Karman vortex. FIG. 15 is a plan view showing an example of a flow turbulence and a Karman vortex generated in the frame 130 of the vertical axis type rotation device 200 as viewed from the + Y direction. FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing a turbulent flow and a Karman vortex generated on the rotating shaft 100 of the rotating device 200 of the vertical axis type. FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing the state of generation of Karman vortices and waves generated in the frame 130 surrounding the vertical axis type rotation device 200. For convenience of explanation, it is assumed that a fluid such as wind or water flows from the −X direction toward the + X direction.

  The rotation device 200 is arranged in a fluid such as wind or water, for example, such that the rotation axis 100 is perpendicular to the X direction. In such a situation, as shown in FIG. 15, when the fluid passes through the rotating shaft 100, a pressure drop portion is generated on the downstream side of the rotating shaft 100. Viscous pressure resistance is applied to the rotating shaft 100 by the pressure reducing portion. In addition, vortex resistance is generated on the rotating shaft 100 due to turbulence in the flow caused by the pressure drop portion or vortex such as Karman vortex (hereinafter referred to as “vortex”). Furthermore, a wave is generated near the water surface due to turbulence or vortex of the flow caused by the rotating shaft 100 or the frame 130 near the water surface, so that wave-making resistance is generated on the rotating shaft 100 or the frame 130. Although FIG. 15 shows that the frame member 131 causes turbulence and vortex of the flow, the turbulence and vortex of the flow also occur on the rotating shaft 100. Note that the turbulence in the flow is a turbulence caused by a change in the direction of the flow or separation of the fluid caused by an effect such as a shape of an object arranged in the fluid. The vortex is a vortex generated alternately on the downstream side (+ X direction side) of the obstacle when the obstacle is arranged in the fluid.

  When the frame 130 is disposed in the fluid, the above-described flow is generated downstream of the frame member 131 provided in parallel (Y direction) with respect to the rotation axis 100 and the frame member 132 provided in vertical (Z direction). Vortex resistance due to turbulence and vortices occurs. Further, near the water surface of the frame members (131, 132), waves are generated due to turbulence or eddies in the flow. Thereby, wave-making resistance due to waves is generated in the frame members (131, 132).

  As shown in FIG. 16, the turbulence and the vortex of the flow occur when the fluid reaches the rotation shaft 100 from the upstream side of the rotation shaft 100 and the fluid flows downstream along the peripheral surface of the rotation shaft 100. Occurs in the area 100 downstream. The turbulence and the vortex of the flow reach the blade 120 rotating around the rotation axis 100 on the downstream side of the rotation axis 100. The tidal flow around the blade 120 is disturbed, and hinders rotation. When the blade 120 is near the water surface, the flow of the fluid is disturbed by the influence of the waves generated by the rotating shaft 100 and the frame 130, so that the rotation of the blade 120 is hindered.

  As shown in FIG. 17, the turbulence and vortex of the flow cause the fluid to reach the frame members (131, 132) from the upstream side of the frame 130, and the fluid flows downstream along the peripheral surface of the frame members (131, 132). Occurs in the region on the downstream side of the frame members (131, 132). The turbulence and the vortex of the flow reach the blade 120 rotating around the rotating shaft 100 on the downstream side of the frame members (131, 132). The tidal flow around the blade 120 is disturbed, and hinders rotation. Further, when the blade 120 is near the water surface, the flow of the fluid is disturbed by the influence of the waves generated by the frame members (131, 132), so that the rotation of the blade 120 is hindered.

  As described above, the turbulence and vortex of the flow disturb the flow around the blade 120 and reduce the efficiency of the blade 120 converting the kinetic energy of the fluid into the rotational power of the shaft. , 30). Hereinafter, the rectifiers (10, 20, 30) will be described in detail.

=== Rectifier 10 according to First Embodiment ===
The rectifier 10 according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating an example of a rectifier 10 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating an example in which the rectifier 10 according to the first embodiment is enlarged. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an example of the frame resistance suppressor 11A of the rectifier 10 according to the first embodiment viewed from the + Y direction. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an example of a state in which the frame resistance suppressor 11A of the rectifier 10 according to the first embodiment rotates when viewed from the + Y direction. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing an example of the frame resistance suppressor 11B arranged on the horizontally provided frame member 132 of the rectifier 10 according to the first embodiment as viewed from the + Z direction.

  The rectification device 10 is a device that suppresses turbulence and vortex of a flow generated on the downstream side of the frame 130 disposed in the fluid. In addition, the rectifier 10 can suppress the generation of waves near the water surface.

== Configuration ==
In the rectifier 10 according to the first embodiment, the turbulence and vortex of the flow generated on the downstream side of the frame members (131, 132) are reduced by rotating the frame resistance suppressor 11 described later in the direction in which the fluid flows. It is a device to control. Note that a description will be given below with a temporary line passing through the centers of the frame members 131 and 132 as a center line.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the rectifying device 10 is configured such that a frame resistance suppressing body 11 is rotatably supported by a shaft of a frame member (131, 132) via a bearing 12 described later. The frame resistance suppressing body 11 is disposed on the frame member 131 from the end in the + Y direction to the end in the −Y direction, and on the frame member 132 from the end in the + Z direction to the end in the −Z direction. Be placed. Thereby, the flow straightening device 10 can suppress the turbulence and the vortex of the flow generated on the downstream side of the frame member 131 and the frame member 132. In addition, generation of waves can be suppressed near the water surface.

  The rectifier 10 includes, for example, a frame resistance suppressor 11 and a bearing 12. Hereinafter, the frame resistance suppressing body 11 and the bearing 12 will be described in detail.

<< Frame resistance suppressor 11 >>
The frame resistance suppressor 11 is a member that suppresses turbulence and eddies in the flow on the downstream side of the frame members 131 and 132. The frame resistance suppressing body 11 includes a frame resistance suppressing body 11A arranged on the frame member 131 and a frame resistance suppressing body 11B arranged on the frame member 132. The frame resistance suppressors (11A, 11B) are provided so as to cover the respective peripheral surfaces of the frame member 131 and the frame member 132 via the bearing 12 described later. The frame resistance suppressors (11A, 11B) are formed of, for example, a stainless material, and are formed such that the thickness in the Z direction decreases toward the downstream side from the frame members 131 and 132. The shapes of the frame resistance suppressors 11A and 11B will be specifically described as follows. As shown in FIG. 3, in the frame resistance suppressing body 11A, the width in the Z direction is referred to as a blade width, and the length in the X direction is referred to as a blade length. The frame resistance suppressing body 11A has such a wing width that it is not damaged by the force generated by the rotation. The frame resistance suppressing body 11 </ b> A has a blade length that does not make contact with the blade 120 when placed on the frame member 131. In the frame resistance suppressing body 11A, the blade width increases from one end in the −X direction (a leading edge described later) to the frame member 131, and the blade width decreases from the frame member 131 to the other end (the trailing edge described later) in the + X direction. It is formed as follows. Specifically, for example, the XZ cross section has a streamlined shape. The streamlined shape refers to a shape in which one end on the upstream side (−X direction side) is round and the other end on the downstream side (+ X direction side) is sharp in a state where the frame resistance suppressing body 11A is along the flow direction. The frame resistance suppressor 11A is formed symmetrically in the Z direction about the X direction (chord lines described later). The frame resistance suppressing body 11 </ b> A is continuously provided, for example, without a break from the end on the + Y direction side to the end on the −Y direction side of the frame member 131. Since the frame resistance suppressing body 11A has a symmetrical streamline shape, the resistance received from the fluid passing from one end to the other end can be reduced, so that turbulence and eddies of the flow can be suppressed. In addition, generation of waves can be suppressed near the water surface.

  In the frame resistance suppressing body 11A, in the state along the flow direction in the fluid, a temporary line connecting one end in the −X direction as a leading edge, the other end in the + X direction as a trailing edge, and a straight line connecting the leading edge and the trailing edge is winged. Shown as chord lines. Further, the frame resistance suppressing body 11A is formed such that the moment in the Z direction generated around the aerodynamic center by the lift generated on the blade 120 on the chord line is constant regardless of the magnitude of the angle of attack. The frame resistance suppressing body 11A is disposed so that the center line of the frame member 131 and the chord line intersect. The frame resistance suppressing body 11 is disposed so that the aerodynamic center comes downstream (+ X direction side) of the frame member 131. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 4, the frame resistance suppressing body 11A can quickly rotate so that the chord line follows the flow of the fluid when the flow of the fluid changes.

The frame resistance suppressor 11B may have the same shape as the frame resistance suppressor 11A described above. However, since the frame resistance suppressing body 11B is disposed on the frame member 132 provided perpendicular to the rotation axis 100, the frame resistance suppressing body 11B receives a force in the −Y direction due to gravity, and receives a force in the + Y direction due to buoyancy and lift from the fluid. Therefore, in the frame resistance suppressing body 11B, as a more preferable shape, as shown in FIG. 5, the fluid passing through the axis of the frame member 132 such that the XY cross section cancels out the resultant force of buoyancy and lift and gravity. Is formed asymmetrically with respect to the direction of the flow. More specifically, the XY cross section has an airfoil shape. << Bearing 12 >>
The bearing 12 is provided between each of the frame members (131, 132) and the frame resistance suppressing body 11. The bearing 12 is a member that suppresses friction between the frame members (131, 132) and the frame resistance suppressing body 11 when the frame resistance suppressing body 11 rotates around the peripheral surfaces of the respective frame members (131, 132). is there. That is, the bearing 12 is a member that suppresses energy loss and heat generated in the frame resistance suppressor 11 and the frame members (131, 132). The bearing 12 is, for example, a ball bearing formed of a stainless material. The bearing 12 is provided at at least one end in the + Y direction and the other end in the −Y direction of the frame resistance suppressor 11 so that the frame resistance suppressor 11 can rotate without contacting the frame members (131, 132), for example. ing. The bearing 12 preferably includes, for example, a thrust collar so that the frame resistance suppressor 11 does not move in the Y direction with respect to the frame members (131, 132).

== Operation ==
The operation of the rectifier 10 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 3, when the fluid is flowing from the −X direction toward the + X direction, the front edge is disposed in the −X direction, and the rear edge is + X. Rotate so as to be arranged in the direction. That is, the frame resistance suppressing body 11 rotates so that the chord lines thereof are along the direction of the fluid flow. Thus, the rectifier 10 does not substantially generate lift in relation to the fluid. Since the frame resistance suppressor 11 has a streamlined shape, turbulence and eddies of the flow are suppressed on the + X direction side. In addition, generation of waves can be suppressed near the water surface.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the frame resistance suppressor 11 is rotated so that the leading edge is arranged in the direction in which the fluid flows when the fluid flow is inclined in, for example, the −Z direction with respect to the X direction. Move. That is, the frame resistance suppressing body 11 rotates so that the chord lines thereof are along the direction of the fluid flow. Specifically, the chord line of the frame resistance suppressor 11 indicated by the solid line rotates along the direction in which the fluid indicated by the broken line flows to become the frame resistance suppressor 11 indicated by the broken line.

=== Rectifier 20 according to Second Embodiment ===
The rectifier 20 according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 6 is a perspective view illustrating an example of the rectifier 20 according to the second embodiment. FIG. 7 is a perspective view illustrating an example in which the rotational axis resistance suppressor 23 of the rectifier 20 according to the second embodiment is enlarged.

  The rectification device 20 is a device that suppresses turbulence and vortex of a flow generated on the downstream side of the rotating shaft 100 and the frame 130 in the rotating shaft 100 and the frame 130 arranged in the fluid. In addition, the rectifier 20 can suppress the generation of waves near the water surface. Note that the rectifying device 20 is not used only for the rotating shaft 100 and the frame 130 in the present embodiment. It can also be applied to objects to be taken.

== Configuration ==
The rectifier 20 according to the second embodiment is configured by adding a rotation shaft resistance suppressor 23 described later to the rectifier 10 according to the first embodiment. The rectifying device 20 reduces the flow turbulence and vortex generated on the downstream side of the rotating shaft 100 and the frame 130 by rotating the frame resistance suppressing body 21 and the rotating shaft resistance suppressing body 23 in the direction in which the fluid flows. It is a device to control. In addition, generation of waves can be suppressed near the water surface.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the rectifying device 20 includes a rotating shaft resistance suppressing body 23 and a frame resistance suppressing body 21 that are rotatably supported by a rotating shaft 100 and frame members (131, 132) via bearings 22. It is configured. The rotating shaft resistance suppressing body 23 of the rectifying device 20 is disposed over the + Y direction arm 110 and the −Y direction arm 111 extending from the rotating shaft 100. In addition, the frame resistance suppressing body 21 is disposed on the frame member 131 from the end in the + Y direction to the end in the −Y direction, and the frame member 132 is arranged from the end in the + Z direction to the end in the −Z direction. Are arranged across. Thereby, the flow straightening device 20 can suppress the turbulence and the vortex of the flow generated on the downstream side of the rotating shaft 100, the frame member 131, and the frame member 132. In addition, generation of waves can be suppressed near the water surface.

  The rectification device 20 is configured to include, for example, a frame resistance suppressor 21, a bearing 22, and a rotation shaft resistance suppressor 23. Note that the frame resistance suppressor 21 and the bearing 22 are the same as the frame resistance suppressor 11 and the bearing 12 of the rectifier 10 according to the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted. Hereinafter, the rotation shaft resistance suppressing body 23 will be described in detail.

<< Rotating shaft resistance suppressor 23 >>
The rotating shaft resistance suppressor 23 is a member that suppresses turbulence of flow and generation of vortices on the downstream side of the rotating shaft 100. The rotating shaft resistance suppressor 23 is provided via the bearing 22 so as to cover the peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 100. The rotating shaft resistance suppressing body 23 is formed of, for example, a stainless material, and is formed so that the thickness in the Z direction becomes thinner toward the downstream side from the rotating shaft 100. The shape of the rotation axis resistance suppressing body 23 will be specifically described as follows. Note that the rotation shaft resistance suppressor 23 according to the second embodiment has a shape similar to the frame resistance suppressor 11A according to the first embodiment. Therefore, the leading edge, trailing edge, chord line, and aerodynamic center of the rotating shaft resistance suppressor 23 according to the second embodiment are as shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 3, in the rotation axis resistance suppressor 23, the width in the Z direction is referred to as a blade width, and the length in the X direction is referred to as a blade length. The rotation axis resistance suppressing body 23 has a wing width that is not damaged by the force generated by the rotation. The rotating shaft resistance suppressor 23 has a blade length that does not contact the blade 120 when arranged on the rotating shaft 100. The rotating shaft resistance suppressor 23 has a wing width that increases from one end in the −X direction (a leading edge to be described later) to the rotating shaft 100 and decreases from the rotating shaft 100 to the other end (a trailing edge to be described later) in the + X direction. It is formed so that it becomes. Specifically, for example, the XZ section has a streamlined shape. The streamlined shape refers to a shape in which one end on the upstream side (−X direction side) is round and the other end on the downstream side (+ X direction side) is sharp in a state where the rotation axis resistance suppressor 23 is along the flow direction. The rotation axis resistance suppressing body 23 is formed symmetrically in the Z direction with respect to the X direction (chord lines described later). The rotation axis resistance suppressor 23 is continuously provided, for example, without a break from near the vicinity of the joint of the arm 110 on the + Y direction side of the rotation shaft 100 to the vicinity of the joint of the arm 111 on the −Y direction. ing. Since the rotation axis resistance suppressing body 23 has a symmetrical streamline shape, the resistance received from the fluid passing from one end to the other end can be reduced, so that turbulence and eddies of the flow can be suppressed. In addition, generation of waves can be suppressed near the water surface.

  Although not shown, the rotating shaft resistance suppressor 23 is installed between the bearing 140A and the arm 110, between the arm 111 and the bearing 140B, or on the rotating shaft 100 on the −Y direction side of the bearing 140B. May be. Further, the rotation shaft resistance suppressing body 23 may be installed on the rotation shaft 100 near the water surface. Thereby, the rotating shaft resistance suppressing body 23 can suppress the generation of waves generated on the water surface on the downstream side of the rotating shaft 100.

  The rotation axis resistance suppressing body 23 is arranged so that the center line of the rotation axis 100 and the chord line intersect. The rotation shaft resistance suppressor 23 is arranged so that the aerodynamic center comes downstream (+ X direction side) of the rotation shaft 100. Thereby, the rotation axis resistance suppressing body 23 can quickly rotate so that the chord line follows the flow of the fluid when the flow of the fluid changes.

== Operation ==
The operation of the rectifier 20 will be described with reference to FIG. The frame resistance suppressor 21 of the rectifier 20 according to the second embodiment is the same as the frame resistance suppressor 11 of the rectifier 10 according to the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted. Hereinafter, the operation of the rotating shaft resistance suppressor 23 of the rectifier 20 will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 7, when the fluid is flowing from the + X direction to the −X direction, the front edge is arranged in the −X direction, and the rear edge is Rotate so as to be arranged in the + X direction. That is, the rotation axis resistance suppressing body 23 rotates so that the chord line thereof is along the direction of the fluid flow. Thereby, the flow regulating device 20 does not substantially generate lift in relation to the fluid. Since the rotation axis resistance suppressor 23 has a streamlined shape, turbulence and eddies of the flow are suppressed on the + X direction side. In addition, generation of waves can be suppressed near the water surface.

  When the flow of the fluid is inclined, for example, in the −Z direction with reference to the X direction, the rotation shaft resistance suppressor 23 rotates so that the leading edge is disposed in the direction in which the fluid flows. That is, the rotation axis resistance suppressing body 23 rotates so that the chord line thereof is along the direction of the fluid flow.

=== Rectifier 30 according to Third Embodiment ===
The rectifier 30 according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 8, 9, 10, and 11. FIG. 8 is a perspective view illustrating an example of a rectifier 30 according to the third embodiment. FIG. 9 is a perspective view illustrating an example in which the rectifier 30 according to the third embodiment is enlarged. FIG. 10 is a plan view illustrating an example of the rectifier 30 according to the third embodiment viewed from the + Y direction. FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing an example in which a flange portion (33A, 33B) is provided on the frame resistance suppressing body 31 of the rectifier 30 according to the third embodiment.

  The rectifying device 30 is a device that suppresses turbulence and vortices of the flow generated on the downstream side of the rotating shaft 100 and the frame 130 in the rotating shaft 100 and the frame 130 arranged in the fluid. In addition, the rectifier 30 can suppress the generation of waves near the water surface. Note that the rectifying device 30 is not used only for the rotating shaft 100 and the frame 130 in the present embodiment, and is provided in, for example, a substantially Y direction or a substantially Z direction in a fluid in a situation where the fluid flows in the X direction. It can also be applied to objects to be taken.

== Configuration ==
The rectifier 30 according to the third embodiment is configured by adding a rotation shaft resistance suppressor 33 described later to the rectifier 10 according to the first embodiment. The rectifying device 30 is a device that suppresses turbulence and vortex of the flow generated on the downstream side of the rotating shaft 100 and the frame 130 by rotating the frame resistance suppressing body 31 and the rotating shaft resistance suppressing 33 along the direction in which the fluid flows. It is. In addition, generation of waves can be suppressed near the water surface.

  As shown in FIG. 8, since the rotating shaft resistance suppressing body 33 of the rectifier 30 is supported by the rotating shaft 100 via the bearing 32, the rotating shaft resistance suppressing body 33 is indirectly rotated in the rotating direction from the rotating shaft 100 via the bearing 32. Of friction. The rectifying device 30 is tilted in the rotation direction to a considerable extent due to the frictional force. Therefore, the rectifying device 30 according to the third embodiment is configured to correct the inclination of the rotating shaft resistance suppressing body 31 in a shape in consideration of the frictional force from the rotating shaft 100 to the rotating shaft resistance suppressing body 31.

  The rectifier 30 is configured to include, for example, a frame resistance suppressor 31, a bearing 32, and a rotating shaft resistance suppressor 33. Note that the frame resistance suppressor 31 and the bearing 32 are the same as the frame resistance suppressor 11 and the bearing 12 of the rectifier 10 according to the first embodiment, and thus description thereof will be omitted. Hereinafter, the rotation axis resistance suppressing body 33 will be described in detail.

<< Rotary shaft resistance suppressor 33 >>
The rotating shaft resistance suppressing body 33 is a member that suppresses turbulence of a flow and generation of a vortex on the downstream side of the rotating shaft 100. It is a member that suppresses the generation of waves near the water surface.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the rotating shaft resistance suppressing body 33 is provided to cover the peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 100 via the bearing 32. The rotation shaft resistance suppressing body 33 is formed of, for example, a stainless steel material, and is formed so that the thickness in the Z direction decreases toward the downstream side from the rotation shaft 100. The shape of the rotating shaft resistance suppressing body 33 will be specifically described as follows.

  As shown in FIG. 10, in the rotation axis resistance suppressing body 33, the width in the Z direction is referred to as a blade width, and the length in the X direction is referred to as a blade length. The rotating shaft resistance suppressing body 33 has such a wing width that it is not damaged by the force generated by the rotation. The rotating shaft resistance suppressor 33 has a blade length that does not contact the blade 120 when placed on the rotating shaft 100. The rotating shaft resistance suppressor 33 has a blade width that increases from one end in the −X direction (a leading edge described later) to the rotating shaft 100, and a blade width decreases from the rotating shaft 100 to the other end (a trailing edge described later) in the + X direction. It is formed so that it becomes. Specifically, for example, the XZ section has an airfoil shape.

  The airfoil has a shape in which one end on the upstream side (−X direction side) is round and the other end on the downstream side (+ X direction side) is sharp in a state where the rotation axis resistance suppressing body 33 is along the flow direction. Further, in the airfoil, the peripheral surface on the −Z direction side is formed to be more rounded than the peripheral surface on the + Z direction side with respect to the X axis. That is, the rotation axis resistance suppressing body 33 is formed asymmetrically in the Z direction with the X direction (chord lines described later) as the center. The airfoil is, for example, NACA63A016 defined by NASA. As a result, the flow velocity in the −Z direction side is faster than the flow velocity in the + Z direction side of the rotating shaft resistance suppressor 33, so that the pressure in the −Z direction side is smaller than the pressure in the + Z direction side, thereby increasing the lift. Occur toward the −Z direction. In FIG. 10, the direction and speed of the fluid are indicated by arrows, and the width of adjacent arrows decreases as the flow velocity increases. Therefore, in the rotation axis resistance suppressing body 33, a lift force is generated in a direction (-Z direction) opposite to a friction force in the rotation direction (+ Z direction) (hereinafter, referred to as "rotational friction force"). That is, the rotating shaft resistance suppressing body 33 is formed so that the rotational friction force and the lift force are equal to suppress the turbulence and the vortex of the flow. In addition, when the rotation shaft resistance suppressing body 33 rotates in the −Z direction side due to lift or the like, and a state in which the flow of the fluid is interrupted occurs, the angle of attack of the rotation shaft resistance suppressing body 33 decreases and the lift decreases. I do. In this case, the rotation axis resistance suppressing body 33 blocks the flow of the fluid, so that the pressure on the circumferential surface of the rotation axis resistance suppressing body 33 on the −Z direction side increases. Therefore, since the rotation axis resistance suppressing body 33 does not rotate more than a certain amount, the flow disturbance and the vortex are not generated downstream of the rotation axis resistance suppressing body 33. Further, when the rotation shaft resistance suppressing body 33 rotates in the + Z direction side due to rotational frictional force and blocks the flow, the lift angle increases because the angle of attack of the rotation shaft resistance suppressing body 33 increases. In this case, the rotation axis resistance suppressing body 33 blocks the flow of the fluid, so that the pressure on the peripheral surface of the rotation axis resistance suppressing body 33 on the + Z direction side increases. Therefore, since the rotation axis resistance suppressing body 33 does not rotate more than a certain amount, the flow disturbance and the vortex are not generated downstream of the rotation axis resistance suppressing body 33.

  The rotation axis resistance suppressor 33 is continuously provided, for example, without break from near the vicinity of the joint of the arm 110 on the + Y direction side of the rotation shaft 100 to the vicinity of the joint of the arm 111 on the −Y direction side. ing. Although not shown, the rotating shaft resistance suppressing body 33 is provided between the bearing 140A and the arm 110, between the arm 111 and the bearing 140B, or in the −Y direction side of the bearing 140B in the 100 rotating shaft 100. May be installed. Further, the rotating shaft resistance suppressing body 33 may be installed on the rotating shaft 100 near the water surface. Thereby, the rotating shaft resistance suppressing body 33 can suppress the generation of waves generated on the water surface on the downstream side of the rotating shaft 100.

  In the rotation axis resistance suppressing body 33, in a state along the flow direction in the fluid, a temporary line connecting one end in the −X direction as a front edge, the other end in the + X direction as a rear edge, and connecting the front edge and the rear edge with a straight line is formed. A phantom line is shown as a chord line, and a tentative line indicating the middle of the distance along the Z axis between the peripheral surface on the -Z side and the peripheral surface on the + Z side with respect to the chord line is shown as an intermediate line. Further, the rotation axis resistance suppressing body 33 is formed such that the moment in the Z direction generated around the aerodynamic center by the lift generated on the blade 120 on the chord line is constant regardless of the magnitude of the angle of attack. The angle of attack refers to the angle between the flow direction and the chord line. The rotation axis resistance suppressing body 33 is disposed so that the rotation axis 100 and the chord line intersect. The rotation axis resistance suppressing body 33 is disposed so that the aerodynamic center comes downstream (+ X direction side) of the rotation axis 100. Thereby, the rotation axis resistance suppressing body 33 can rotate so that the chord line follows the flow of the fluid when the flow of the fluid changes. At this time, as described above, the rotation is performed so that the lift force and the rotational friction force become equal.

  Further, in the rotating shaft resistance suppressor 33, since the pressure in the −Z direction becomes smaller than the pressure in the + Z direction as described above, the flow from the + Z direction to the −Z direction at both ends in the Y direction. Occurs. Thereby, the rotation axis resistance suppressing body 33 generates vortices at both ends in the Y direction. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 11, the rotation shaft resistance suppressing body 33 may include a flange portion (21A, 21B) in order to suppress the resistance due to the vortex generated at both ends. The flanges (21A, 21B) include, for example, a first flange 21A on the + Y direction side and a second flange 21B on the −Y direction side. The first flange portion 21 </ b> A and the second flange portion 21 </ b> B are provided at both ends in the Y direction of the rotation axis resistance suppressing body 33 in a flange shape with respect to the rotation axis resistance suppressing body 33.

== Operation ==
The operation of the rectifier 30 will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 10, in the state where the fluid is flowing from the + X direction to the −X direction, the front edge is arranged in the −X direction and the rear edge is Rotate so as to be arranged in the + X direction. Further, the rotation is performed so that the lift force and the rotational friction force become equal. That is, the rotating shaft resistance suppressing body 33 rotates so that the chord lines thereof are along the direction of the fluid flow. And since the rotating shaft resistance suppressing body 33 has an airfoil shape, turbulence and eddies of the flow are suppressed on the + X direction side. In addition, generation of waves can be suppressed near the water surface. Note that, when the flow of the fluid changes, the rotation shaft resistance suppressor 33 moves in the same manner as the resistance suppressor 11 according to the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

=== Summary ===
As described above, the rectifier 10 according to the present embodiment surrounds the rotating body 100 and the blade 120 attached to the rotating shaft 100 of the rotating body 100 and rotating the rotating body 100 by receiving a fluid flow. In the frame 130 provided as described above, the frame members (131, 132) are supported by the frame members (131, 132) constituting the frame 130, and are caused by the fluid flowing from the upstream side of the frame members (131, 132). ) Are provided, the frame resistance suppressing bodies (11, 21, 31) rotating along the flow of the fluid so as to suppress the resistance given to the fluid. According to the present embodiment, since the turbulence and the vortex of the flow can be suppressed, the resistance in the rotation direction to the blade 120 due to the turbulence and the vortex of the flow can be reduced, and the rotation efficiency is improved. Further, generation of waves can be suppressed near the water surface.

In (10, 20, 30) according to the present embodiment, the frame resistance suppressors (11, 21, 31) are pivotally supported by a frame member 131 of the frame 130 provided in parallel to the rotation shaft 100. In addition, in (10, 20, 30) according to the present embodiment, the frame resistance suppressors (11, 21, 31) are configured to include the frame resistance suppressors (11A, 21A, 31A). Of these, it is configured to include a frame resistance suppressor (11B, 21B, 31B) supported by a frame member 132 provided perpendicular to the rotating shaft 100.

  Further, in (10, 20, 30) according to the present embodiment, the frame resistance suppressors (11, 21, 31) are symmetrical with respect to the direction of the flow of the fluid passing through the axis of the frame member (131, 132). It is formed. According to the present embodiment, turbulence and eddies in the flow can be efficiently suppressed on the downstream side of the rotating shaft 100. In addition, generation of waves can be suppressed near the water surface.

  In addition, in (10, 20, 30) according to the present embodiment, the frame resistance suppressors (11, 21, 31) rotate from the upstream side to the downstream side of the fluid in a state of rotating along the direction of the flow of the fluid. , The thickness in a direction (Z direction) orthogonal to the direction along the axis of the frame member (131, 132) and the direction of the fluid flow becomes thinner. According to the present embodiment, turbulence and eddies in the flow can be efficiently suppressed on the downstream side of the rotating shaft 100. In addition, generation of waves can be suppressed near the water surface.

  In addition, in (10, 20, 30) according to the present embodiment, the frame members (131, 132) are rotated in the direction of the flow of the fluid while the frame resistance suppressors (11, 21, 31) are rotated. From the frame member (131, 132) to the downstream side from the frame member (131, 132), the thickness thereof in the direction along the axis of the frame member (131, 132) and the direction perpendicular to the direction of the fluid flow becomes thinner. Is formed so that the thickness in the direction (Z direction) orthogonal to the direction of the flow of the fluid and the direction along the axis of the frame member (131, 132) becomes thinner toward the downstream side, and downstream from the frame member (131, 132). The distance to the side end is formed to be longer than the distance from the frame member (131, 132) to the upstream end. According to the present embodiment, since the frame resistance suppressors (11, 21, 31) exhibit a so-called streamline shape, turbulence and eddies in the flow can be suppressed efficiently.

  In (10, 20, 30) according to the present embodiment, the frame resistance suppressors (11, 21, 31) are formed of a stainless material. According to the present embodiment, since the fluid has excellent corrosion resistance and durability, it leads to improvement in safety.

  Further, in (10, 20, 30) according to the present embodiment, the frame resistance suppressors (11, 21, 31) are rotated so that the frame resistance suppressors (11, 21, 31) rotate along the flow of the fluid. ) And a bearing (12, 22, 32) provided between the frame member (131, 132). According to the present embodiment, the frame resistance suppressors (11, 21, 31) can smoothly rotate in accordance with the direction of the flow of the fluid.

  In the rectifier (10, 20, 30) according to the present embodiment, the fluid is wind, and the rotating body 100 is connected to a turbine of a wind power generator. According to the present embodiment, turbulence and eddies in the flow can be suppressed in the wind power generator.

  Further, in the rectifier (10, 20, 30) according to the present embodiment, the fluid is water, and the rotating body 100 is connected to a turbine of a water flow generator such as a tidal flow generator. According to the present embodiment, turbulence and eddies in the flow can be suppressed in the tidal current generator.

  It should be noted that the above embodiment is for facilitating the understanding of the present invention, and is not for limiting and interpreting the present invention. The present invention can be changed and improved without departing from the gist thereof. For example, the present invention includes the following.

=== Other Embodiments ===
<< Frame Resistance Suppressor (11, 21, 31) >>
In the above description, the frame resistance suppressors (11, 21, 31) are described as being composed of the frame resistance suppressors (11A, 21A, 31A) and the frame resistance suppressors (11B, 21B, 31B). , But is not limited to this. The frame resistance suppressors (11, 21, 31) may be configured to include at least the frame resistance suppressors (111A, 21A, 31A).

  In the above description, the frame resistance suppressors (11, 21, 31) have been described as exhibiting a streamlined shape, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a plate-shaped member that is rotatably supported by the frame member 131 and extends from the frame member 131 may be provided. Further, for example, a triangular shape that is rotatably supported by the frame member 131 and that becomes narrower toward the downstream from the frame member 131 may be used.

  In the above description, the frame resistance suppressors (11, 21, 31) have been described as being provided continuously, for example, without breaks from the end in the + Y direction to the end in the −Y direction of the frame member 131. It is not limited to this. For example, a plurality of frame resistance suppressors (11, 21, 31) may be provided intermittently.

<< Bearing (12,22,32) >>
In the above description, the rectifiers (10, 20, 30) have been described as including the bearings (12, 22, 32), but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the rectifiers (10, 20, 30) may not be provided with the bearings (12, 22, 32), and the eddy suppressors (11, 21, 31) and the end of the frame resistance suppressor 33 in the + Y direction may be provided. What is necessary is just to be provided rotatably so as not to move in the Y direction at the end in the -Y direction.

<< Rotating shaft resistance suppressing body (23, 33) >>
In the above description, the rotation axis resistance suppressor 23 has been described as exhibiting a streamline type or an airfoil type, but is not limited thereto. For example, it may be rotatably supported by the rotating shaft 100, and a flat plate may be extended from the rotating shaft 100. Further, for example, a triangular shape that is rotatably supported by the rotating shaft 100 and that becomes narrower toward the downstream from the rotating shaft 100 may be used.

  In the above description, the rotation axis resistance suppressors (23, 33) are formed, for example, at the cuts from near the bottom of the joint of the arm 110 on the + Y direction side of the rotation shaft 100 to near the top of the joint of the arm 111 on the −Y direction. Although it is described that they are provided continuously without being provided, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a plurality of rotation axis resistance suppressors (23, 33) may be provided intermittently.

  In the above description, the rotation axis resistance suppressing body 33 has been described so that the XZ section has an airfoil shape, but the invention is not limited to this. For example, like the rotation axis resistance suppressor 33C shown in FIG. 12, the end surface on the + Y direction side is formed symmetrically in the Z direction about the X direction, and the middle part in the Y direction is asymmetric in the Z direction about the X direction. And the end surface on the −Y direction side may be formed symmetrically in the Z direction about the X direction. Thereby, since both end surfaces in the Y direction are formed symmetrically in the rotation axis resistance suppressing body 33, the generation of the vortex can be suppressed without causing the flow in the Z direction. In addition, since the rotation shaft resistance suppressing body 33 has an asymmetric intermediate portion, the rotation shaft resistance suppressing body 33 can rotate so that the rotational friction force and the lift force are balanced.

10, 20, 30 Rectifiers 11, 21, 31 Frame resistance suppressors 12, 22, 32 Bearing 100 Rotating shaft 120 Blade 130 Frame 131, 132 Frame member 200 Rotating device

Claims (9)

Attached to the rotary shaft, blades for rotating the rotary shaft by receiving a flow of fluid, in the frame supporting the,
Pivoted along the flow of the fluid so as to suppress the resistance applied to the frame member due to the fluid flowing from the upstream side of the frame member, which is supported by the frame member constituting the frame. a frame resistance suppressing body,
In a state where the frame resistance suppressor is rotated along the direction of the flow of the fluid, the direction along the rotation axis and the flow of the fluid as the fluid flows from the frame member to the downstream end of the frame resistance suppressor. A rectifying device characterized in that the rectifying device is formed so that the thickness in a direction perpendicular to the direction of flow gradually decreases . The said frame resistance suppressing body is comprised including the 1st frame resistance suppressing body supported by the frame member provided in parallel with the said rotation axis among the said frames. The said frame resistance suppressing body is characterized by the above-mentioned. Rectifier. The said frame resistance suppressing body is comprised including the 2nd frame resistance suppressing body axially supported by the frame member provided perpendicular | vertical with respect to the said rotation axis among the said frames. Rectifier. The rectifier according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the frame resistance suppressor is formed symmetrically with respect to a direction of a flow of the fluid passing through an axis of the frame member. . In a state where the frame resistance suppressor is rotated along the direction of the flow of the fluid ,
Toward the front SL frame member on the upstream side, the thickness in the direction perpendicular to the direction of flow direction as the fluid along the axis of the frame member is formed to be thinner,
The rectifier according to claim 1 , wherein a distance from the frame member to a downstream end is longer than a distance from the frame member to an upstream end. The rectifier according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the frame resistance suppressor is formed of a stainless steel material. As the frame resistance suppressor rotates along the flow of the fluid, a bearing provided between the frame resistance suppressor and the frame member,
The rectifier according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , further comprising: The fluid is wind;
The rectifier according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein the rotating shaft is connected to a turbine of a wind power generator. The fluid is water;
The rectifier according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein the rotating shaft is connected to a turbine of a hydroelectric generator.

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