JP6589210B2 - Inerting method and floating body of fuel tank - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fuel tank inerting method and a floating body.

  In ships such as LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) tankers, it is necessary to make the cargo tank gas-free when entering a dock for periodic inspections. At that time, in order to prevent oxygen from coming into contact with the liquefied petroleum gas or the like, generally, an inerting process is performed in which the liquefied petroleum gas is replaced with an inert gas such as an inert nitrogen gas to fill the cargo tank with the inert gas. This inerting process is also performed before storing the liquefied petroleum gas after inspection, and in this case, the air in the cargo tank is replaced with the inert gas.

  Patent Document 1 describes a ship capable of supplying inert gas into an oil tank of an oil transport ship. In this patent document 1, the exhaust gas of an auxiliary boiler is utilized as an inert gas. Since the oxygen concentration of the inert gas needs to be 5% or less, in Patent Document 1, the auxiliary boiler is operated at a high load, and surplus steam generated by the auxiliary boiler at the time of the high load operation is sent to the condenser. It is out.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 58-164999

A ship equipped with a cargo tank as in Patent Document 1 often has equipment on the ship for inerting. However, in a floating body such as a ship having only a fuel tank without a cargo tank, for example, it is necessary to supply inert gas from the outside of a bunker ship, a port facility, etc. There is a problem that it takes time.
Even in a floating body such as a ship equipped with a cargo tank, while the inert gas is being supplied to the cargo tank, the inert gas cannot be supplied to the fuel tank, and the inerting work takes time.
This invention is made in view of the said situation, and provides the inerting method and floating body of a fuel tank which can shorten the working time concerning an inerting operation | work.

In order to solve the above problems, the following configuration is adopted.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fuel tank inerting method for a plurality of fuel tanks provided on a floating body, wherein one of the plurality of fuel tanks is inerted before inspection. A pre-inspection inerting step of filling a part of the fuel tank with an inert gas having a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure, and among the other fuel tanks different from the part of the fuel tanks, the other fuel tanks opened during the inspection And a post-inspection inerting step of supplying a part of the high-pressure inert gas filled in the part of the fuel tank.
By comprising in this way, the high-pressure inert gas with which some fuel tanks were filled before inspection can be sent into the other fuel tanks after inspection with the pressure. That is, the inert gas filled in some of the fuel tanks can be used for inerting after inspection of the other fuel tanks. This eliminates the need for supplying inert gas from the outside of the ship to the other fuel tank after inspection. Further, even when the floating cargo tank is being inerted, the fuel tank can be inerted in parallel. As a result, the working time required for inerting can be shortened.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the post-inspection inerting step according to the first aspect, the pressure may be adjusted so that the internal pressure of the other fuel tank becomes atmospheric pressure.
By comprising in this way, the pressure of the inert gas in another fuel tank can be made into an appropriate pressure. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the inert gas from being unnecessarily supplied to the other fuel tanks.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, in the pre-inspection inerting step according to the first or second aspect, the inert gas generated by the cargo gas inert gas generator provided in the floating body is supplied to the fuel tank. May be.
By configuring in this way, using the inert gas generator for the cargo tank provided in the floating body, in parallel with the supply of the inert gas to the cargo tank, or when the inert gas is not supplied to the cargo tank, Inert gas can be supplied to the fuel tank. Therefore, the inert gas generator for cargo tanks can be used effectively.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the floating body includes a main engine, a plurality of fuel tanks for supplying fuel to the main engine, and a second pipe capable of supplying inert gas to at least one of the fuel tanks. A plurality of fuel tanks connected in communication with each other, a connection pipe for allowing the inert gas to flow from the fuel tank to another fuel tank, and a first on-off valve provided in the connection pipe for opening and closing the connection pipe; And a pressure adjusting valve that adjusts the pressure so that the inert gas that is provided in the connecting pipe and flows into the other fuel tank has a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure.
By doing in this way, it becomes possible to move inert gas via connection piping using the differential pressure between fuel tanks. Furthermore, the pressure of the inert gas supplied via the connection pipe can be adjusted by providing the pressure adjusting valve. Therefore, since inert gas filled in some fuel tanks before inspection can be performed after inspection for other fuel tanks, working time required for inerting can be shortened.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the floating body according to the fourth aspect may include a cargo tank and a first pipe capable of supplying inert gas to the cargo tank.
According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, in the floating body according to the fourth or fifth aspect, the second pipe is branched and connected to the first pipe, and the second pipe is interposed between the second pipe and the fuel tank. You may make it provide the 2nd on- off valve which can open and close the flow path of piping.
According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the inert gas according to any one of the fourth to sixth aspects may be supplied from at least one of the inert gas generator and the bunkering station.
According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the supply of the inert gas according to the seventh aspect may be switched to either the inert gas generator or the bunkering station.
By comprising in this way, if an on-off valve is made into an open state, the inert gas generated with the inert gas generator for cargo tanks can be supplied to a fuel tank from a 1st piping via a 2nd piping. That is, the inert gas is supplied to the fuel tank using the inert gas generator for the cargo tank provided in the floating body in parallel with the supply of the inert gas to the cargo tank or when the inert gas is not supplied to the cargo tank. it can. As a result, for example, an existing inert gas generator for a cargo tank can be effectively used as an inert gas generator for filling the fuel tank with the inert gas.

  According to the above-described fuel tank inerting method and floating body, the working time required for the inerting work can be shortened.

It is a block diagram which shows schematic structure of the floating body of this embodiment. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the inerting system in embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart of the inerting method of the gas fuel tank in embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of an inerting system in the modification of embodiment of this invention.

Next, an inerting method for a gas fuel tank and a floating body according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As a floating body in this embodiment, a so-called LPG carrier ship that carries liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) will be described as an example.

(Embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a schematic configuration of the floating body of the first embodiment. In FIG. 1, the bow-stern direction of the hull 2 is indicated by an arrow, and the bow side is “F” and the stern side is “A”, respectively.
As shown in FIG. 1, a ship 1 which is a floating body in this embodiment includes a hull 2, a cargo tank 3, an engine 4, an upper structure 5, a gas fuel tank 6, and an inert gas generator IGG (see FIG. 2). ) And.
The hull 2 has a pair of dredging sides 7 (shown only on the starboard side in FIG. 1), a ship bottom 8, and an upper deck 9. The upper deck 9 is the entire upper deck located at the uppermost position, and is an exposed deck in the hull 2 in this embodiment. Further, a cargo hold 10 and a main engine room 11 are partitioned inside the hull 2. Further, the hull 2 includes a screw 12 and a rudder 13 below the stern 2A.

  The cargo hold 10 is a space for accommodating the cargo tank 3. In the ship 1 exemplified in this embodiment, a plurality (more specifically, three) of cargo holds 10 are arranged side by side from the bow 2F toward the stern 2A. These cargo holds 10 are each partitioned in a bow-stern direction by a partition wall 10a.

  The main engine room 11 is a compartment that houses the engine 4, and is disposed closer to the stern 2 </ b> A than the cargo hold 10. The main engine room 11 is disposed below the upper structure 5. The main engine room 11 in this embodiment is divided into an upper part and a lower part by an inner bottom plate 14 that forms a double bottom and a deck 15 that is formed one above.

  The cargo tank 3 is a cargo tank capable of storing liquefied petroleum gas. One cargo tank 3 is accommodated in each of the plurality of cargo holds 10 described above. That is, a plurality of cargo tanks 3 are also arranged side by side in the fore-and-aft direction similarly to the cargo hold 10. In order to carry more liquefied petroleum gas, the cargo tank 3 can be stored in a state in which the volume is reduced by cooling and liquefying the liquefied petroleum gas. In general, the liquefied petroleum gas stored in the cargo tank 3 may be used as a fuel for the vessel 1 to navigate, as distinguished from a fuel for the vessel 1 to navigate.

  The engine 4 can be driven using liquefied petroleum gas as fuel. The engine 4 rotates the screw 12 to generate thrust. The engine 4 is accommodated in the main engine room 11 described above. Here, the fuel of the engine 4 is not limited to the liquefied petroleum gas, but may be a combination of the liquefied petroleum gas and another fuel (bi-fuel), a mixture (dual fuel), or the like. Further, the engine 4 is not limited to driving the screw 12. For example, the generator may be driven by the engine 4. The engine 4 is normally driven using liquefied petroleum gas stored in a gas fuel tank 6.

  The upper structure 5 is formed on the upper deck 9 and includes a bridge, a residential area, and the like. The upper structure 5 is disposed at a position on the stern 2A side of the cargo hold 10 in the stern direction and above the main engine room 11.

  The gas fuel tank 6 stores the liquefied petroleum gas that is the fuel of the engine 4 described above. A plurality of gas fuel tanks 6 exemplified in this embodiment are installed on the upper deck 9. More specifically, the plurality of gas fuel tanks 6 are installed on the upper deck 9 above the cargo hold 10. The gas fuel tank 6 is a pressurized container (pressure tank) capable of storing liquefied petroleum gas in a pressurized state so that the liquefied petroleum gas can be maintained in a liquid state at room temperature.

  In the ship 1 of this embodiment, the case where it is what is called a Type-C tank in which the gas fuel tank 6 is a cylindrical pressure tank is illustrated. Further, the case where two gas fuel tanks 6 are provided is described as an example (see FIG. 2). Further, these gas fuel tanks 6 are arranged in such a posture that the longitudinal direction thereof coincides with the bow-stern direction. However, the gas fuel tank 6 is not limited to these shapes, number and arrangement.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an inerting system in the embodiment of the present invention.
The inert gas generator IGG generates an inert gas used in an inerting process performed before and after the inspection of the ship 1. As shown in FIG. 2, the inert gas generator IGG is connected to the plurality of cargo tanks 3 via an inert gas supply pipe 20 for selectively supplying the inert gas. Here, “before inspection” means before the ship 1 enters the dock for the inspection and repair of the cargo tank 3 and the gas fuel tank 6, and “after inspection” means that the inspection and repair have been completed. This means after the ship 1 has left the dock. That is, it is not limited to “inspection”. Moreover, in the following description, the case where the ship 1 enters the dock will be described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to the case where the ship enters the dock. For example, inspection or repair may be performed outside the dock. Further, even the ship 1 having the cargo tank 3 may not have the inert gas generator IGG. In this case, as shown by a broken line in FIG. 2, inert gas may be supplied from an outboard facility such as a bunker ship via the bunkering station BS instead of the inert gas generator IGG. Further, the supply of inert gas may be performed by using the inert gas generator IGG and the above-described outboard facility via the bunkering station BS in combination or selectively.

The inert gas supply pipe 20 includes a first pipe 21, a second pipe 22, and a connection pipe 30.
The first pipe 21 connects the inert gas generator IGG and the cargo tank 3. The first pipe 21 forms a flow path for supplying the inert gas generated by the inert gas generator IGG to the cargo tank 3. The first pipe 21 enables the gas outlet (not shown) of the inert gas generator IGG and the internal space of the cargo tank 3 to be in communication with each other.

The first pipe 21 includes a first main pipe 23 and a first branch pipe 24.
The first main pipe 23 is connected to a gas outlet (not shown) of the inert gas generator IGG and guides the inert gas generated by the inert gas generator IGG toward the first branch pipe 24.
A plurality of first branch pipes 24 are provided and are branched from the first main pipe 23 and connected to the plurality of cargo tanks 3. Each of the first branch pipes 24 is provided with a shutoff valve 25. By switching between opening and closing of the shutoff valves 25, the inert gas is selectively supplied from the first main pipe 23 to the plurality of cargo tanks 3. It is possible to do.

The second pipe 22 branches from the first pipe 21 (more specifically, the first main pipe 23) and brings the first pipe 21 and the plurality of gas fuel tanks 6 into communication with each other. The second pipe 22 includes a second main pipe 26 and a second branch pipe 27.
The second main pipe 26 guides the inert gas flowing through the first main pipe 23 to the second branch pipe 27. The second main pipe 26 is provided with an on-off valve 28. The on-off valve 28 is configured to be able to open and close the flow path of the second main pipe 26, and can block the flow of inert gas from the first pipe 21 to the second pipe 22. When the on-off valve 28 is opened, the inert gas flowing through the first main pipe 23 flows into the second main pipe 26. In addition, although the case where the 2nd main piping 26 was branched and connected to the 1st main piping 23 was demonstrated, it is not restricted to this structure. For example, the second main pipe 26 may be directly connected to the inert gas generator IGG or the bunkering station BS.

  Two second branch pipes 27 are provided and connect the second main pipe 26 and the two gas fuel tanks 6, respectively. Each of these second branch pipes 27 is provided with a shutoff valve 29. By switching the opening and closing of these shut-off valves 29, the inert gas can be selectively supplied from the second main pipe 26 to the two gas fuel tanks 6. The inert gas supplied to the gas fuel tank 6 via the second pipe 22 can be supplied in a pressurized state (for example, about 3 bar) higher than the atmospheric pressure.

The connection pipe 30 connects the two gas fuel tanks 6 in communication with each other. The connection pipe 30 is provided with a pressure adjustment valve 31. The pressure adjusting valve 31 is a so-called pressure reducing valve. The pressure adjustment valve 31 adjusts the pressure so that the gas that moves from the first tank 6 a to the second tank 6 b out of the two gas fuel tanks 6 is slightly higher than the atmospheric pressure.
In addition, in this embodiment, the case where inert gas was supplied to each gas fuel tank 6 via the 2nd branch piping 27 before inspection was demonstrated. However, the configuration is not limited to this. For example, the inert gas may be supplied from the first tank 6a to the second tank 6b via the connection pipe 30 even before inspection. Moreover, when comprised in this way, you may abbreviate | omit the 2nd branch piping 27 which supplies inert gas to the 2nd tank 6b.
On the other hand, in the second pipe 22, the pressure adjusting valve 31 may be provided in the second branch pipe 27 that connects the two gas fuel tanks 6 to each other, and the connection pipe 30 may be omitted.

  In this embodiment, the case where the inert gas can flow from the first tank 6a toward the second tank 6b through the connection pipe 30 will be described as an example. The inert gas is supplied from the second tank 6b to the first tank 6a. It may be allowed to flow in. Further, two connecting pipes 30 having different directions of the inert gas may be connected in parallel between the two gas fuel tanks 6 so that the inert gas can be exchanged in both directions. Note that on-off valves 32 may be provided at both ends of the connecting pipe 30 so that the on-off valve 32 is closed when the connecting pipe 30 is not used, and the on-off valve 32 is set to an open position when the connecting pipe 30 is used. A vent valve B is provided in each of the first tank 6a and the second tank 6b.

  The ship 1 which is a floating body in this embodiment has the above-described configuration. Next, the inerting method in this ship 1 is demonstrated, referring drawings. In the description of the inerting method, the case where the second tank 6b is the inspection target and the first tank 6a is not the inspection target among the gas fuel tanks 6 described above will be described as an example. Only the inerting of the gas fuel tank 6 will be described, but the cargo tank 3 may be inerted in parallel.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the inerting method of the gas fuel tank in the embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 3, in this inerting method, first, a pre-inspection inerting process (step S01) is performed before the ship 1 enters the dock to perform a periodic inspection of the gas fuel tank 6 and the like. In this pre-inspection inerting step, the liquefied petroleum gas inside the gas fuel tank 6 is replaced with an inert gas such as nitrogen gas.

  This inert gas is generated by an inert gas generator IGG. In the inerting process before inspection, the on / off valve 28 is opened and the two shutoff valves 29 are selectively opened to supply the inert gas to the first tank 6a and the second tank 6b. Furthermore, in this inerting process before inspection, among the plurality of gas fuel tanks 6, for example, the first tank 6a (part of the fuel tank) that is not the inspection object is filled with an inert gas having a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure, and the second tank 6b (another fuel tank) is filled with an inert gas at atmospheric pressure. Note that when the cargo tank 3 is inerted, the inert gas supplied to the gas fuel tank 6 may be supplied from a bunker ship or the like.

  The inert gas supplied to the first tank 6a of this embodiment is pressurized so as to have a volume that is twice or more at atmospheric pressure with respect to the volume of the first fuel tank 6a. That is, the high-pressure inert gas that fills the first tank 6a is pressurized to such an extent that it can fill the second tank 6b when a part thereof is sent to the second tank 6b.

Next, when the ship 1 enters the dock, a gas-free operation is performed in which the inert gas filling the second tank 6b to be inspected is replaced with air using a blower (not shown) or the like (step S02).
Thereafter, as work in the second tank 6b filled with air (work in the tank), for example, inspection and repair are performed (step S03).

  When the work in the second tank 6b is completed, the ship 1 comes out of the dock. For example, the ship 1 leaving the dock is separated from the quay and performs an after-inspection inerting step (step S04).

  In this inerting process after inspection, a part of the high-pressure inert gas filling the first tank 6a is supplied to the second tank 6b. More specifically, the on-off valves 32 provided at both ends of the connection pipe 30 are operated from the closed state to the open state, respectively, so that the first tank 6a and the second tank 6b are communicated. As a result, the inert gas in the first tank 6a is supplied to the second tank 6b while the pressure is adjusted by the pressure adjustment valve 31. At this time, in the second tank 6b, the air remaining inside is pushed out from the discharge port (not shown) to the outside of the tank by the inert gas. Thereby, the second tank 6b is filled with the inert gas. And the on-off valve 32 provided in the connection piping 30 is obstruct | occluded.

  Next, an operation of supplying the liquefied petroleum gas to the second tank 6b filled with the inert gas is performed (step S05). The operation of supplying the liquefied petroleum gas to the second tank 6b may be performed, for example, by bringing the ship 1 into shore and using land equipment, or leaving the ship 1 and using a bunker ship. At this time, liquefied petroleum gas may be supplied to the first tank 6a in the same manner as the second tank 6b.

  Therefore, according to 1st embodiment mentioned above, the high pressure inert gas with which the 1st tank 6a was filled before inspection can be sent into the 2nd tank 6b after inspection with the pressure. That is, the inert gas filled in the first tank 6a that is not the inspection target can be used to perform the inerting after the inspection on the second tank 6b that is the inspection target. This eliminates the need to supply inert gas from outside the ship to the second tank 6b after inspection. Moreover, even if it is a case where the inerting operation | work of the cargo tank 3 of the ship 1 is performed, the inerting operation | work of the 2nd tank 6b can be implemented in parallel. As a result, the work time required for inerting the gas fuel tank 6 can be shortened.

  Furthermore, the pressure of the inert gas in the second tank 6b can be set to an appropriate pressure by providing the pressure adjusting valve 31 in the connection pipe 30. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the inert gas from being wastedly supplied to the second tank 6b.

  Further, since the second pipe 22 is provided, when the inert gas is not supplied to the cargo tank 3, the inert gas generator IGG for the cargo tank provided in the ship 1 is used to supply the inert gas to the first tank 6a. You can also. Therefore, the inert gas generator IGG for the cargo tank 3 can be effectively used as a device for generating the inert gas in the gas fuel tank 6.

(Modification)
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an inerting system in a modification of the embodiment of the present invention.
In the above-described embodiment, the case where the inert gas is supplied from the inert gas generator IGG for the cargo tank 3 to the gas fuel tank 6 before the inspection has been described. However, the configuration is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the inert gas may be supplied from the outside of a bunker ship, an onshore facility, or the like via the bunkering station BS before inspection.
By making it like this modification, even if it is a ship (for example, container transport ship etc.) which is not equipped with inert gas generator IGG, it is the same as the above-mentioned inerting method to gas fuel tank 6, for example. Inerting after inspection can be performed.

The present invention is not limited to the configurations of the above-described embodiments and modifications, and the design can be changed without departing from the scope of the invention.
For example, in the embodiment and the modification described above, the case where two gas fuel tanks 6 are provided has been described. However, the gas fuel tank 6 may be plural, and may be three or more, for example.
Furthermore, in embodiment mentioned above, although the ship 1 was demonstrated to an example as a floating body, a floating body is not restricted to a ship. For example, the floating body may be a floating body for power generation, FSRU (Floating Storage and Re-gasification Unit), or the like.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where one gas fuel tank 6 is filled with high-pressure inert gas has been described. However, when there are two or more gas fuel tanks 6 that are not scheduled to be gas-free, two or more gas fuel tanks 6 may be filled with high-pressure inert gas. In such a case, it becomes possible to perform inerting after inspection on more gas fuel tanks 6 using these inert gases.

Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the main engine is the engine 4 has been described. However, the engine 4 is not limited to the engine 4 as long as the engine is driven using the liquefied petroleum gas stored in the gas fuel tank 6.
Further, the arrangement of the gas fuel tank 6 and the arrangement of the main engine room 11 are not limited to the arrangement of the above-described embodiment.

  Furthermore, you may make it combine the structure of embodiment mentioned above and a modification. Specifically, the vessel 1 is provided with both an inert gas generator IGG and a bunkering station BS, and the inert gas generator IGG and the gas fuel tank 6 are connected, and the bunkering station BS and the gas fuel tank 6 6 may be switchable. In this way, the inert gas can be selectively supplied to the gas fuel tank 6 from the inside of the ship and the outside of the ship.

  Moreover, in embodiment and the modification which were mentioned above, the case where the fuel tank was the gas fuel tank 6 which can store liquefied petroleum gas in a pressurized state was demonstrated. However, the fuel tank may be a pressure tank that can accommodate pressurized inert gas, and the type of fuel stored is not limited to liquefied petroleum gas.

1 ship 2 hull 3 cargo tank 4 engine (main engine)
5 Superstructure 6 Gas fuel tank (fuel tank)
6a First tank (some fuel tanks)
6b Second tank (other fuel tank)
7 Side 8 Ship bottom 9 Upper deck 10 Cargo hold 11 Main engine room 12 Screw 13 Rudder 14 Bottom plate 15 Deck 20 Inert gas supply piping 21 First piping 22 Second piping 23 First main piping 24 First branch piping 25 Shut-off valve 26 Second main Pipe 27 Second branch pipe 28 On-off valve 30 Connection pipe 31 Pressure adjustment valve 32 On-off valve IGG Inert gas generator BS Bunkering station

Claims (8)

Inerting method for a plurality of fuel tanks provided on a floating body,
Inerting before inspection, filling a part of the plurality of fuel tanks with an inert gas having a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure,
Supplying a part of the high-pressure inert gas filled in the part of the fuel tank to the part of the other fuel tank that is opened during inspection among other fuel tanks different from the part of the fuel tank After-inspection inerting process,
Inerting method of fuel tank including In the inerting process after the inspection,
The method for inerting a fuel tank according to claim 1, wherein the pressure is adjusted so that an internal pressure of the other fuel tank becomes an atmospheric pressure. In the inerting process before inspection,
The fuel tank inerting method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an inert gas generated by an inert gas generator for a cargo tank provided in the floating body is supplied to the fuel tank. With the main engine,
A plurality of fuel tanks for supplying fuel to the main engine;
A second pipe capable of supplying inert gas to at least one of the fuel tanks;
A plurality of the fuel tanks connected to each other in a communicating state, and a connection pipe for flowing the inert gas from the fuel tank to another fuel tank ;
A first on-off valve provided on the connection pipe for opening and closing the connection pipe;
A pressure adjusting valve that is provided in the connecting pipe and adjusts the pressure so that the inert gas flowing into the other fuel tank has a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure ;
Floating body with With cargo tanks,
A first pipe capable of supplying inert gas to the cargo tank;
The floating body according to claim 4. The second pipe is branched and connected to the first pipe,
The floating body according to claim 4 or 5 provided with the 2nd on- off valve which can open and close the flow path of said 2nd piping between said 2nd piping and said fuel tank. The inert gas is
The floating body according to any one of claims 4 to 6, which can be supplied from at least one of an inert gas generator and a bunkering station. The supply of inert gas is
The floating body according to claim 7, which can be switched to either the inert gas generator or the bunkering station.

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