JP6584310B2 - Membrane separation apparatus and membrane separation equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a membrane separation apparatus including a membrane separation apparatus having a floating means and a plurality of membrane separation apparatuses.

  Conventionally, as this type of membrane separation apparatus, for example, as shown in Patent Document 1 below, a membrane separation unit for solid-liquid separation of a stock solution in a state immersed in the stock solution, and a buoyancy is imparted to the membrane separation unit. Some have a float that floats the membrane separation unit in the stock solution. The membrane separation unit is a laminate of a plurality of flat membranes.

  The float floats on the surface of the stock solution, and the flat membrane is decompressed while the flat membrane is mechanically rocked by the flat membrane rocking means. Permeation and separation are performed.

  Further, in the case where sewage or the like is subjected to membrane separation activated sludge treatment, generally, a diffusion device is provided in the membrane separation unit, and the membrane element is washed by the diffusion from the diffusion device.

JP-A-9-29076

  However, when washing with a general air diffuser is adopted for the membrane separation unit having the float as described above, the upward flow of the gas-liquid mixed phase formed by the bubbles and the rise of the bubbles hits the lower surface of the float. There is a problem that the membrane separation device swings due to impact and fluctuation of buoyancy due to the presence of a gas phase or gas-liquid mixed phase on the lower surface of the float.

  An object of this invention is to provide the membrane separation apparatus and membrane separation equipment which can suppress rocking | fluctuation.

In order to achieve the above object, the first invention comprises a membrane separation unit for solid-liquid separation of a liquid to be treated while being immersed in the liquid to be treated;
A levitation means for imparting buoyancy to the membrane separation unit and floating the membrane separation unit in the liquid to be treated;
Membrane separation unit comprises a membrane element, and a diffuser means disposed below the membrane element,
The levitation means has a storage part for storing air inside, and has an opening on the lower surface,
The levitation means obtains buoyancy by storing the bubbles released from the air diffusion means in the storage part through the opening ,
The opening of the levitation means is located above the membrane separation unit,
The membrane element is located below the opening of the levitation means,
In plan view, the levitation means covers the entire area above the membrane separation unit,
The bubbles released from the air diffuser float up toward the opening of the floater .

  According to this, the bubbles released from the air diffusion means pass through the membrane separation unit while rising, and are stored in the storage portion from the opening of the levitation means. Although the upward flow of the gas-liquid mixed phase occurs due to the rise of such bubbles, since the levitation means has an opening on the lower surface, most of the upward flow passes through the membrane separation unit, It does not directly contact the lower surface of the levitation means, and after the bubbles are released on the free water surface formed in the opening, the air flows in a direction that changes to the side or downward. Thereby, rocking | fluctuation of a membrane separator can be suppressed.

  Further, when the bubbles released from the air diffuser pass through the membrane separation unit while rising, the separation membrane surface of the membrane separator is washed by the air bubbles and the upward flow, so that the air bubbles are released from the air diffuser. As a result, the buoyancy of the levitation means can be obtained, and the two functions of cleaning the separation membrane surface of the membrane separation unit can be obtained.

In the membrane separation apparatus according to the second invention, the levitation means is levitated on the surface of the liquid to be treated.
A resin-made square frame-shaped auxiliary levitation member for preventing the levitation means from being tilted is provided in the storage portion of the levitation means.
According to this, even when a biased load or the like is applied to the levitation means from the outside, the levitation means can be prevented from being tilted abnormally, and the attitude of the levitation means on the liquid surface to be treated can be stably maintained. .

In the membrane separation apparatus according to the third aspect of the present invention, the levitation means is detachably provided on the membrane separation unit.
According to this, by attaching the levitation means to the membrane separation unit, the liquid to be treated can be solid-liquid separated while the membrane separation unit is floating in the liquid to be treated. Further, by removing the levitation means from the membrane separation unit, the liquid to be treated can be separated into solid and liquid with the membrane separation unit installed at the bottom of the treatment tank.

The fourth invention is a membrane separation facility in which a plurality of the membrane separation devices according to any one of the first to third inventions are arranged adjacent to each other,
The floating means of adjacent membrane separation devices are connected by a connecting means.

According to this, it is possible to prevent the adjacent membrane separation devices from being separated, and to suppress the swing of each membrane separation device.
The membrane separation facility according to the fifth aspect of the present invention is configured such that a passage through which an operator can walk is formed above the floating means of an adjacent membrane separation device.

  According to this, the worker can walk to the target membrane separation device by walking along the passage above the levitation means, and can perform maintenance work and the like on the target membrane separation device.

  As described above, according to the present invention, most of the bubbles and the upward flow do not directly hit the lower surface of the levitation means after passing through the membrane separation unit, thereby suppressing the oscillation of the membrane separation device. can do.

It is sectional drawing seen from the front-back direction of the membrane separator in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing seen from the left-right direction of the membrane separator. It is a top view of a membrane separator same as the above. It is a perspective view of the levitation means of the membrane separator. It is sectional drawing seen from the front-back direction when a membrane separator is lifted. It is a partially cutaway side view when the membrane separator is lifted. It is a top view when a membrane separator is lifted similarly. It is sectional drawing seen from the front-back direction of the membrane separator in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing seen from the left-right direction of the membrane separator. It is sectional drawing of the membrane separator in the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing seen from the left-right direction of the membrane separator in the 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of a membrane separator same as the above. It is sectional drawing of the membrane separator in the 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of a membrane separator same as the above. It is a perspective view of the fixed frame of the membrane separator. It is sectional drawing of the membrane separator in the 6th Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the membrane separator in the 7th Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the membrane separator in the 8th Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of a membrane separator same as the above. It is a perspective view of the levitation means of the membrane separator. It is a figure which shows a mode that the membrane separation unit of the membrane separator was lifted. It is a top view of the membrane separator in the 9th Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the levitation means of the membrane separator. It is sectional drawing of the membrane separator in the 10th Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged plan view of a membrane case of the membrane separation device. It is a figure which shows a mode that the air diffusion case of the membrane separator was left in the water and the membrane case was lifted.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(First embodiment)
In the first embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, reference numeral 1 denotes a treatment tank that performs activated sludge treatment of wastewater such as sewage, and a membrane separation facility 2 is provided in the treatment tank 1. The membrane separation facility 2 is a device in which a plurality of membrane separation devices 3 are arranged adjacent to each other. The arrangement direction of the membrane separation device 3 is a front-rear direction A, and a direction orthogonal to the arrangement direction is a left-right direction B.

  The membrane separation device 3 includes a membrane separation unit 11 that solid-liquid separates the water to be treated 10 while being immersed in the water to be treated 10, and a buoyancy to the membrane separation unit 11 to cause the membrane separation unit 11 to be treated water. 10 and a levitation means 12 that floats in 10.

The membrane separation unit 11 includes a casing 14, a plurality of membrane elements 15 and aeration means 16 provided in the casing 14.
The casing 14 is a rectangular box-shaped member that is open on both upper and lower surfaces, and can be divided into an upper membrane case 18 and a lower diffuser case 19. The lower end of the membrane case 18 and the upper end of the diffuser case 19 are connected via a plurality of bolts and nuts 20. The inside and the outside of the casing 14 communicate with each other through the openings 14 a and 14 b on the upper and lower surfaces of the casing 14. A plurality (four in FIG. 3) of lifting brackets 17 are provided on the upper outer surface of the casing 14.

  Each membrane element 15 has a square plate-like filter plate 21 and filter membranes 22 mounted on both sides of the filter plate 21, and is arranged in a membrane case 18 at a predetermined interval in a vertical posture. It is housed and supported in the membrane case 18.

  The permeated water 23 that has passed through the filtration membrane 22 of each membrane element 15 passes through the inside of the membrane element 15 and is collected in the collecting tube 25 through a plurality of connection tubes 24. The collecting pipe 25 is supported by the casing 14.

  The air diffusion means 16 has a main pipe 27 provided below each membrane element 15 and a plurality of branch pipes 28 provided on the main pipe 27. Aeration is performed by discharging bubbles from a plurality of ejection holes (not shown) formed in the branch pipe 28.

  The levitation means 12 floats on the water surface 10 a of the water to be treated 10, and as shown in FIG. 4, a metal outer frame 30 such as stainless steel, and a resin float 31 stored in the outer frame 30. And have. The outer frame 30 is formed by assembling a plurality of frames 32 into a square frame shape.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the float 31 includes a storage portion 33 that stores air therein, and an opening 34 that communicates with the storage portion 33 on the lower surface. The float 31 obtains buoyancy by storing the bubbles released from the air diffuser 16 in the storage unit 33 through the opening 34. The opening 34 is located above the membrane separation unit 11.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the membrane separation unit 11 and the levitation means 12 are connected via a plurality of (four in FIG. 4) connecting members 36. That is, each connecting member 36 is provided on the outer frame 30 of the levitation means 12 and hangs down, and the lower end of each connecting member 36 is fastened to the lifting bracket 17 of the casing 14 via a fastener 37 such as a bolt or nut. Has been. Thereby, the levitating means 12 is detachably connected to the membrane separation unit 11 via the connecting member 36. Further, a lifting hole 38 is formed at the upper end of the connecting member 36.

  The levitation means 12 of the adjacent membrane separation apparatuses 3 are detachably connected by a plurality of commonly used first connection means 39. The first connection means 39 includes a first connection plate 40, a first fastener 41 such as a bolt that fastens one end of the first connection plate 40 to the outer frame 30 of one of the adjacent levitation means 12, and a first connection. And a first fastener 42 such as a bolt for fastening the other end of the plate 40 to the outer frame 30 of the other floating means 12 adjacent thereto.

  Pipe support members 45 and 46 are detachably attached to both sides of the outer frame 30 of the levitation means 12 by fasteners 44 such as bolts. Of these, one pipe support member 45 supports a permeate pipe 48 and is fixed by a U bolt (not shown) or the like, and the other pipe support member 46 supports an air supply pipe 49 to support a U bolt ( (Not shown) or the like. As a result, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the permeated water pipe 48 and the air supply pipe 49 are supported by the pipe support members 45 and 46 at a position retracted in the left-right direction B from above the levitation means 12.

  The permeated water pipe 48 and the collecting pipe 25 of each membrane separation device 3 communicate with each other through a plurality of one communication pipes 51. Each one communication pipe 51 is provided with a flange portion 52 and a valve 53, and the permeated water pipe 48 and each one communication pipe 51 are detachably connected via the flange portion 52.

  The air supply pipe 49 and the main pipe 27 of the air diffusion means 16 of each membrane separation device 3 communicate with each other via a plurality of other communication pipes 55. Each other communication pipe 55 is provided with a flange portion 56 and a valve 57, and the air supply pipe 49 and each other communication pipe 55 are detachably connected via the flange portion 56.

  On the upper surface of the levitation means 12 of each adjacent membrane separation device 3, a passage 60 through which an operator 59 can walk is configured. As shown in FIG. 6, the permeated water pipe 48 is connected to a ground pipe (not shown) through a flexible connecting pipe 67 having flexibility, and similarly, the air supply pipe 49 is flexible. It is connected to another pipe (not shown) on the ground via another deformable connecting pipe (not shown). A self-priming suction pump (not shown) is connected to the ground pipe connected to the permeate pipe 48, and air for aeration is supplied to another ground pipe connected to the air supply pipe 49. A blower device (not shown) is connected.

As shown in FIG. 6, the levitation means 12 of the membrane separation device 3 located at the end of the membrane separation facility 2 is connected to the partition wall 80 of the treatment tank 1 via a damper 79.
The levitation means 12 of the membrane separation apparatus 3 and the levitation means 12 of the two membrane separation apparatuses 3 adjacent to the membrane separation apparatus 3 are paired with a pair of left and right second connection means 62 that are temporarily used during work. It can be detachably connected. The second connecting means 62 includes a second connecting plate 63, a second fastener 64 such as a bolt for fastening one end of the second connecting plate 63 to the side surface of the outer frame 30 of the adjacent one of the floating means 12, The second connecting plate 63 has a second fastener 65 such as a bolt for fastening the other end of the connecting plate 63 to the side surface of the outer frame 30 of the other levitation means 12 adjacent thereto.

  In addition, when the normal activated sludge process is performed, the floating means 12 of the adjacent membrane separation apparatus 3 are connected by the 1st connection means 39, and the 2nd connection means 62 is not used in this case.

Hereinafter, the operation of the above configuration will be described.
By driving the self-priming suction pump and the blower device, air for aeration flows from the air supply pipe 49 through the other communication pipe 55 to the main pipe 27 of the aeration means 16 of each membrane separation device 3. The gas is discharged from the ejection hole of the branch pipe 28. The air bubbles 73 released from the air diffuser 16 in this way pass between the membrane elements 15 in the membrane separation unit 11 while rising, and enter the opening 34 of the float 31 as shown in FIGS. It floats toward the facing water surface 10 b and is stored in the storage portion 33 through the opening 34.
As the bubbles 73 rise, an upward flow 75 of the gas-liquid mixed phase is generated in the casing 14. However, since the float 31 has the opening 34 on the lower surface, most of the bubbles 73 and the upward flow 75. Does not directly contact the lower surface of the float 31 after passing through the membrane separation unit 11, and after the bubbles 73 are discharged from the water surface 10 b facing the opening 34, the airflow changes direction to the side or downward. . Thereby, rocking | fluctuation of the membrane separator 3 can be suppressed.

  Further, since the surface of the filtration membrane 22 of the membrane element 15 is washed by the bubbles 73 and the upward flow 75, the bubbles 73 are discharged from the air diffuser 16, whereby the buoyancy of the float 31 is obtained, and the membrane element 15 Two functions can be obtained.

  Further, the water to be treated 10 passes through the filtration membrane 22 of each membrane element 15 and is collected as permeate 23 from each membrane element 15 to the collecting pipe 25 via the connection tube 24, and from the collecting pipe 25 to one communication pipe. 51 is taken out to the permeate pipe 48 and separated into solid and liquid.

  When performing such normal activated sludge treatment, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the floating means 12 of the adjacent membrane separation devices 3 are connected by the first connecting means 39, so that they are adjacent to each other. It is possible to prevent the membrane separation devices 3 from being separated from each other.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the worker 59 walks along the passage 60 of the levitation means 12 and moves to the target membrane separation device 3, and lifts the target membrane separation device 3 to perform work such as maintenance and inspection. Can do. In order to lift the target membrane separation device 3 during maintenance inspection, the following work is performed.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the floating means 12 of the membrane separators 3 on both sides C1 and C2 of the target membrane separator 3 are connected by the second connecting means 62. Then, the first fasteners 41 and 42 of the first connecting means 39 are removed to separate the levitation means 12 of the target membrane separation apparatus 3 from the levitation means 12 of the membrane separation apparatus 3 adjacent at one side C1. Then, the levitation means 12 of the target membrane separation apparatus 3 and the levitation means 12 of the membrane separation apparatus 3 adjacent to each other by the other side C2 are separated.

  Next, the fastener 44 (see FIG. 1) is removed, one and the other pipe support members 45 and 46 of the target membrane separation device 3 are removed from the outer frame 30 of the levitation means 12, and the permeated water pipe 48 and the target One communication pipe 51 of the membrane separation device 3 is separated from the flange portion 52, and the air supply pipe 49 and the other communication tube 53 of the target membrane separation device 3 are separated from the flange portion 56.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the target membrane separation device 3 can be lifted by hooking the hook 76 of the lifting device into the hole 38 of the connecting member 36 of the target membrane separation device 3. At this time, the target membrane separation device 3 is lifted between the pair of left and right second connecting means 62 and between the permeated water pipe 48 and the air supply pipe 49. The target membrane separation device 3 lifted in this way is transported to a predetermined location outside the processing tank 1 for maintenance inspection.

  During maintenance and inspection, since the floating means 12 of the membrane separators 3 on both sides C1 and C2 of the target membrane separator 3 being lifted are connected by the second connecting means 62, the two membrane separators 3 are connected to each other. The interval 77 is not inadvertently increased or decreased, and is maintained at the predetermined interval 77.

  After maintenance and inspection of the target membrane separation device 3, the target membrane separation device 3 is transported to the treatment tank 1 in a suspended state, and the target membrane separation device 3 is lowered to its original position. Thereafter, the first connecting means 39 is attached, the floating means 12 of the target membrane separation apparatus 3 is connected to the floating means 12 of the adjacent membrane separation apparatus 3, and the second connecting means 62 is removed.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 1, one and the other pipe support members 45, 46 of the target membrane separation device 3 are attached to the outer frame 30 of the levitation means 12, and the permeated water pipe 48 and the target membrane separation device 3 One communication pipe 51 is connected by a flange portion 52, and the air supply pipe 49 and the other communication pipe 53 of the target membrane separation device 3 are connected by a flange portion 56.

  Further, since the levitation means 12 is attached to the membrane separation unit 11, the water to be treated 10 can be solid-liquid separated in a state where the membrane separation unit 11 floats in the water to be treated 10. Further, the lifting means 12 can be detached from the membrane separation unit 11 by removing the fasteners 37 such as bolts and nuts and separating the lower end portion of the connecting member 36 and the lifting bracket 17 of the casing 14. Thereby, the to-be-processed water 10 can be solid-liquid separated in the state which installed the membrane separation unit 11 in the bottom part of the processing tank 1. FIG. Since such two ways of use are possible, for example, when the treated water 10 in the treatment tank 1 is to be treated temporarily using the membrane separation unit 11, the treated water 10 in the treatment tank 1. The membrane separation unit 11 can be simply installed in the treated water 10 by attaching the levitating means 12 to the membrane separation unit 11 without performing the work of installing and fixing the membrane separation unit 11 in the treatment tank 1 after removing all of the water. 11 is useful because the processing using 11 is temporarily possible.

(Second Embodiment)
In the second embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, an auxiliary levitating member 84 that prevents the levitating means 12 from tilting is provided in the float 31 of the levitating means 12. The auxiliary levitation member 84 is made of a resin having a small bulk specific gravity, such as polystyrene foam, and is formed in a square frame shape.

  According to this, even if a biased load or the like is applied to the levitating means 12 from the outside, the levitating means 12 can be prevented from tilting abnormally, and the attitude of the levitating means 12 on the water surface 10a of the liquid water 10 to be treated Is kept stable.

(Third embodiment)
In the third embodiment, a weight 91 is provided at the lower end of the membrane unit 11 as shown in FIG. According to this, it is possible to suppress the swinging of the membrane separation device 3 when the air diffusion means 16 performs air diffusion. By providing the weight 91, it is appropriate to adjust the center of gravity 92 of the membrane separation device 3 from the lower end of the weight 91 to not more than one third of the total height of the membrane separation device 3.

(Fourth embodiment)
In the fourth embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the permeated water pipe 48 is divided into a plurality of permeated water dividing pipes 48a, and these permeated water dividing pipes 48a are joined to each other via a flange 48b. Has been. Each permeated water dividing pipe 48 a is supported by one pipe support member 45.

  Similarly, the air supply pipe 49 is divided into a plurality of air supply division pipes 49a, and the air supply division pipes 49a are joined to each other via a flange 49b so as to be divided. Each air supply dividing pipe 49 a is supported by the other pipe support member 46.

Hereinafter, the operation of the above configuration will be described.
Since the permeated water dividing pipes 48a of the adjacent membrane separation apparatuses 3 are joined via the flange 48b and the air supply division pipes 49a are joined via the flange 49b, the connection strength between the adjacent membrane separation apparatuses 3 Can be secured sufficiently.

  When the target membrane separation device 3 is lifted and maintenance work is performed, the permeated water dividing pipe 48a of the target membrane separation device 3 is divided from the permeated water pipe 48 at the flange 48b, and the air supply dividing pipe 49a is also provided. The flange 49b is divided from the air supply pipe 49. As a result, the target membrane separation device 3 can be lifted together with the permeated water dividing pipe 48 a and the air supply dividing pipe 49 a, and one and the other pipe support members 45, 46 of the target membrane separation apparatus 3 can be connected to the levitation means 12. It is not necessary to remove from the outer frame 30.

(Fifth embodiment)
In the fifth embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 13 to 15, a metal rectangular fixed frame 95 is provided on the water surface 10 a of the water to be treated 10 in the treatment tank 1. The fixed frame 95 has a plurality of storage portions 96 surrounded by a plurality of frames 95a. The floating means 12 of each membrane separation device 3 is stored in the storage unit 96. The four corners of the fixed frame 95 are fixed to the partition wall 80 of the processing tank 1 by a fixing member 97 such as a chain.

Hereinafter, the operation of the above configuration will be described.
Since the floating means 12 of each membrane separation device 3 is accommodated in the accommodating portion 96 of the fixed frame 95, it is possible to prevent adjacent membrane separation devices 3 from approaching and separating from each other, and the first and second connection means 39 and 62 can be made unnecessary. Thereby, when lifting up the target membrane separation apparatus 3 and performing work such as maintenance and inspection, the work of attaching and detaching the first and second connecting means 39 and 62 is unnecessary.

(Sixth embodiment)
In 6th Embodiment, as shown in FIG. 16, the diffuser 100 is provided in the bottom part of the processing tank 1. As shown in FIG. A skirt 101 is provided at the lower end of the casing 14 of the membrane separation device 3. The skirt 101 includes a rectangular frame-shaped frame plate portion 102 whose lower surface is opened, and a perforated plate 103 provided on the upper portion of the frame plate portion 102. Note that the inside of the skirt 101 and the inside of the diffuser case 19 communicate with each other through a plurality of through holes 103 a formed in the perforated plate 103.

Hereinafter, the operation of the above configuration will be described.
The bubbles 104 released from the air diffuser 100 rise and are collected in the skirt 101, pass through the through holes 103a of the perforated plate 103, and then pass between the membrane elements 15 in the membrane separation unit 11 while rising. The float 31 floats toward the water surface 10 b facing the opening 34 of the float 31 and is stored in the storage portion 33 from the opening 34. Thereby, when the air diffuser 100 is already installed at the bottom of the treatment tank 1, such an existing air diffuser 100 can be effectively used.

As described above, when the bubbles 104 pass through the through-holes 103a of the perforated plate 103, the bubbles 104 are combined and enlarged, so that the cleaning effect of the membrane element 15 is improved.
(Seventh embodiment)
In the seventh embodiment, as shown in FIG. 17, a self-priming suction pump 70 and a blower device 71 are installed on the floating means 12 of one membrane separation device 3. The self-priming suction pump 70 and the collecting pipe 25 communicate with each other through one communication pipe 51. The blower device 71 and the main pipe 27 of the air diffuser 16 communicate with each other via the other communication pipe 55.

Hereinafter, the operation of the above configuration will be described.
The membrane separation device 3 is floated on the water to be treated 10 in the treatment tank 1, and the self-priming suction pump 70 and the blower device 71 are connected to a power source, and then the self-priming suction pump 70 and the blower device 71 are driven. As a result, the membrane separator 3 can be immediately operated to perform the filtration operation. Thereby, the performance confirmation test etc. about the one membrane separator 3 can be implemented easily.
(Eighth embodiment)
Hereinafter, an eighth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. In addition, about the same structural member as the structural member demonstrated in the said 1st-7th embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

The levitation means 12 has a float 31. The float 31 is a square-shaped member made of a material such as a resin having a small bulk specific gravity, and has an opening 107 at the center.
The membrane separation unit 11 floats below the opening 107 of the float 31 in a state of being suspended from the floating means 12 via a plurality of connecting members 36.

  The lower end of each connecting member 36 is fastened to the lifting bracket 17 of the membrane case 18 by a fastener 37 such as a bolt or nut. The connecting member 36 has a main body portion 108 that is long in the vertical direction, and an engagement portion 109 that extends in the lateral direction from the upper end of the main body portion 108. The main body 108 of the connecting member 36 protrudes upward from the water surface 10 a of the water to be treated 10 in the opening 107 of the float 31, and the engaging portion 109 can be engaged with the floating means 12 from above.

The engaging portion 109 is fixed to the levitation means 12 by a fixture 110 such as a bolt.
In addition, a permeate pipe 48 and an air supply pipe 49 are disposed on the levitation means 12.
The permeated water pipe 48 and the collecting pipe 25 of each membrane separation device 3 communicate with each other through a plurality of one communication pipes 51. Each one communication pipe 51 is provided with a flange portion 52 and a valve 53, and the permeated water pipe 48 and each one communication pipe 51 are detachably connected via the flange portion 52.

  The air supply pipe 49 and the main pipe 27 of the air diffusion means 16 of each membrane separation device 3 communicate with each other via a plurality of other communication pipes 55. Each other communication pipe 55 is provided with a flange portion 56 and a valve 57, and the air supply pipe 49 and each other communication pipe 55 are detachably connected via the flange portion 56.

Further, the floating means 12 of the adjacent membrane separation apparatuses 3 are detachably connected by a plurality of first connecting means 39.
Hereinafter, the operation of the above configuration will be described.

  When the target membrane separation unit 11 is lifted and maintenance work is performed, first, the permeated water pipe 48 and one communication pipe 51 of the target membrane separation apparatus 3 are separated from the flange portion 52, and the air supply pipe 49 The other communication pipe 55 of the target membrane separation device 3 is separated from the flange portion 56.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 21, the fixing device 110 is removed to release the engagement portion 109, and the hook 76 of the lifting device is hooked into the hole 38 of the connecting member 36 to lift the target membrane separation unit 11. be able to. At this time, the target membrane separation unit 11 is lifted through the opening 107 of the float 31, and it is possible to easily lift only the membrane separation unit 11 while leaving the floating means 12 on the water surface 10 a of the water to be treated 10. it can. The target membrane separation unit 11 lifted in this way is transported to a predetermined location outside the processing tank 1 to perform maintenance inspection.

  After the maintenance and inspection, the target membrane separation unit 11 is transported to the processing tank 1 in a suspended state, and the target membrane separation unit 11 is lowered into the opening 107 of the float 31. As a result, as shown in FIG. 18, the engaging portion 109 of each connecting member 36 is engaged with the levitation means 12 from above, and the membrane separation unit 11 is suspended from the levitation means 12 via the plurality of connecting members 36. Float in.

Thereafter, the engaging part 109 is fixed to the levitation means 12 by the fixture 110, the permeate pipe 48 and one communication pipe 51 of the target membrane separation unit 11 are connected by the flange part 52, and the air supply pipe 49 and the target The other communication pipe 53 of the membrane separation unit 11 is connected by a flange portion 56.
(Ninth embodiment)
In the ninth embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, the float 31 is made of a material such as a resin having a small bulk specific gravity, and is formed of a square-shaped frame float 115 and a frame float 115. A plurality of partition floats 116 provided on the inner side are formed, and a plurality of openings 107 surrounded by the frame float 115 and the partition float 116 are formed.

Each of the plurality of membrane separation units 11 floats below the openings 107 of the float 31 in a state of being suspended from the levitation means 12 via the connecting member 36.
According to this, each membrane separation unit 11 can be easily lifted one by one while leaving the levitation means 12 on the water surface 10a of the water to be treated 10.
(Tenth embodiment)
In the tenth embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 24 to 26, the lifting bracket 17 is provided in the diffuser case 19, and the lower ends of the plurality of connecting members 36 are connected to the diffuser case 19 by the fasteners 37. It is connected to the lifting bracket 17.

  The membrane case 18 is detachably mounted on and supported by the diffuser case 19. A plurality of upper guide bodies 120 are provided on the upper outer surface of the membrane case 18, and a plurality of lower guide bodies 121 are provided on the lower outer surface of the membrane case 18. Each of the upper and lower guide bodies 120 and 121 is a U-shaped member in a plan view having a recess 122. The main body portion 108 of each connecting member 36 is inserted into the concave portions 122 of the upper and lower guide bodies 120 and 121 from the vertical direction.

  A plurality of lifting cords 124 such as chains are connected to the upper part of the membrane case 18. Note that the upper end portion of the hoisting cable body 124 is removably hooked on the upper portion of the inner peripheral surface of the float 31.

According to this, rolling (rolling) and pitching (heaving) of the membrane separation device 3 are suppressed.
Further, as shown in FIG. 26, the levitating means 12 is left on the water surface 10 a of the water to be treated 10, and the air diffuser 16 and the air diffuser case 19 are left in the water to be treated 10, together with the membrane element 15. The complete case 18 can be easily lifted above the water surface 10a.

  At this time, the upper end portion of each lifting cord 124 is detached from the float 31 and hooked on the hook 127 of the lifting jig 126. Thereafter, the lifting jig 126 is lifted by the crane 128, so that the membrane case 18 is separated from the diffuser case 19 below the water surface 10a and rises together with the stored membrane element 15. At this time, the membrane case 18 rises while being guided by the main body 108 of each connecting member 36 via the upper and lower guide bodies 120 and 121.

Thus, the membrane element 15 can be easily inspected and maintained by lifting the membrane case 18 together with the membrane element 15 above the water surface 10a.
After the maintenance inspection, as shown in FIG. 24, the membrane case 18 is suspended from above with the membrane element 15 and lowered onto the diffuser case 19 below the water surface 10a. At this time, the membrane case 18 descends while being guided by the main body 108 of each connecting member 36 via the upper and lower guide bodies 120 and 121.

  After the membrane case 18 is lowered onto the diffuser case 19, the hook 127 of the lifting jig 126 is removed from the lifting rope 124, and as shown in FIG. Is hooked on the top of the float 31.

  As described above, when the membrane case 18 is lifted and suspended, the membrane case 18 moves up and down while being guided by the main body 108 of each connecting member 36 via the upper and lower guide bodies 120 and 121. Can be prevented from deviating from the diffuser case 19 in the front-rear and left-right directions A and B.

  Each connecting member 36 has a role of guiding the membrane case 18 in the vertical direction in addition to the role of connecting the levitation means 12 and the diffuser case 19, and therefore it is necessary to provide a dedicated guide member separately. However, the number of parts can be reduced and the membrane separation device 3 can be reduced in weight.

  In the eighth to tenth embodiments, the float 31 is made of a resin having a smaller bulk specific gravity than water, but as described in the first to seventh embodiments, A float 31 having an opening 34 may be used. Furthermore, you may use the type of float which obtains a buoyancy by filling gas in the flexible sheet | seat etc. which were formed in the bag shape.

  In the first to sixth embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, the pipe support members 45, 46 are located at a position where the permeated water pipe 48 and the air supply pipe 49 are retracted in the left-right direction B from above the levitation means 12. However, it may be supported above the levitation means 12. Further, the permeated water pipe 48 and the air supply pipe 49 may be installed above the partition wall 80 of the processing tank 1. In this case, since the weights of the permeate water pipe 48 and the air supply pipe 49 do not act on the levitation means 12, the float 31 can be reduced in size.

2 Membrane separation equipment 3 Membrane separation apparatus 10 Water to be treated 11 Membrane separation unit 12 Floating means 16 Aeration means 33 Reserving part 34 Opening part 39 First connecting means 59 Worker 60 Passage 73 Air bubble 84 Auxiliary levitation member 10b Opening of floating means Water surface facing the part

Claims (5)

A membrane separation unit for solid-liquid separation of the liquid to be processed while being immersed in the liquid to be processed;
A levitation means for imparting buoyancy to the membrane separation unit and floating the membrane separation unit in the liquid to be treated;
Membrane separation unit comprises a membrane element, and a diffuser means disposed below the membrane element,
The levitation means has a storage part for storing air inside, and has an opening on the lower surface,
The levitation means obtains buoyancy by storing the bubbles released from the air diffusion means in the storage part through the opening ,
The opening of the levitation means is located above the membrane separation unit,
The membrane element is located below the opening of the levitation means,
In plan view, the levitation means covers the entire area above the membrane separation unit,
A membrane separation apparatus characterized in that bubbles released from the air diffuser float up toward the opening of the floater . The levitation means floats on the liquid surface to be treated,
2. The membrane separation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a resin-made square frame-shaped auxiliary levitation member for preventing the levitation means from being inclined is provided in a storage portion of the levitation means . 3. The membrane separation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the levitation means is detachably provided on the membrane separation unit. A membrane separation facility in which a plurality of the membrane separation devices according to any one of claims 1 to 3 are arranged adjacent to each other,
A membrane separation facility characterized in that levitation means of adjacent membrane separation apparatuses are connected by a connection means. 5. The membrane separation facility according to claim 4, wherein a passage through which an operator can walk is formed above the floating means of the adjacent membrane separation device .

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