JP6541561B2 - Method of converting and updating biological treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Method of converting and updating biological treatment apparatus Download PDF

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JP6541561B2
JP6541561B2 JP2015239002A JP2015239002A JP6541561B2 JP 6541561 B2 JP6541561 B2 JP 6541561B2 JP 2015239002 A JP2015239002 A JP 2015239002A JP 2015239002 A JP2015239002 A JP 2015239002A JP 6541561 B2 JP6541561 B2 JP 6541561B2
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壮一郎 矢次
壮一郎 矢次
公博 石川
公博 石川
康信 岡島
康信 岡島
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Kubota Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description

本発明は、被処理液を生物処理する生物処理装置を別方式の生物処理装置に変換するための生物処理装置の変換方法、および、被処理液を生物処理する生物処理装置を更新するための生物処理装置の更新方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a conversion method of a biological treatment apparatus for converting a biological treatment apparatus for biological treatment of a liquid to be treated into another biological treatment apparatus, and for updating a biological treatment apparatus for biological treatment of a liquid to be treated The present invention relates to a method of updating a biological treatment apparatus.

従来、下水等の有機性排水の処理を行う活性汚泥法では、図２０に示すように、被処理水１００を好気槽１０１内の複数の生物処理系列１０１ａ，１０１ｂにおいて散気し、その後、最終沈殿池１０２において活性汚泥を沈降し、処理水と活性汚泥とを分離し、処理水を最終沈殿池１０２から外部に放流している。   Conventionally, in the activated sludge method for treating organic wastewater such as sewage, as shown in FIG. 20, the water to be treated 100 is diffused in a plurality of biological treatment series 101a and 101b in the aerobic tank 101, and then, The activated sludge is sedimented in the final settling tank 102, the treated water and the activated sludge are separated, and the treated water is discharged from the final settling tank 102 to the outside.

尚、上記のような生物処理装置１０３については例えば下記特許文献１に記載されている。
ここで、上記のような生物処理装置１０３を、図２１に示すように、浸漬型膜分離装置を用いた別方式の生物処理装置１０６に変換する場合、好気槽１０１の隣に、膜分離用の槽１０４を新たに増設し、膜分離用の槽１０４内に複数の浸漬型膜分離装置１０５を設置し、被処理水１００を好気槽１０１内で曝気し、その後、膜分離用の槽１０４において、浸漬型膜分離装置１０５で固液分離し、浸漬型膜分離装置１０５で濾過された処理水１０７を外部に放流する。そして、順次、好気槽１０１の各生物処理系列１０１ａ，１０１ｂ毎に系列内の被処理水１００を排出して別方式の生物処理装置１０６に変換していく。 In addition, about the above biological treatment apparatus 103, it describes in the following patent document 1, for example.
Here, as shown in FIG. 21, when the biological treatment apparatus 103 as described above is converted to the biological treatment apparatus 106 of another type using a submerged membrane separator, the membrane separation is performed next to the aerobic tank 101. Tank 104 is newly added, a plurality of immersion type membrane separators 105 are installed in the tank for membrane separation 104, a water to be treated 100 is aerated in the aerobic tank 101, and thereafter, for membrane separation In the tank 104, solid-liquid separation is performed by the immersion membrane separation device 105, and the treated water 107 filtered by the immersion membrane separation device 105 is discharged to the outside. And the treated water 100 in a series is discharged one by one for every living thing processing series 101a and 101b of the aerobic tank 101, and it converts into the biological treatment apparatus 106 of another system.

尚、このようにして浸漬型膜分離装置１０５を用いた別方式の生物処理装置１０６に変換した後、最終沈殿池１０２は不要になるので、最終沈殿池１０２を撤去する。   In addition, after converting into the biological treatment apparatus 106 of another type using the immersion type membrane separation apparatus 105 in this way, the final sedimentation tank 102 becomes unnecessary, so the final sedimentation tank 102 is removed.

特開平９−１０８６８８JP-A-9-108688

しかしながら上記の従来形式では、既設の好気槽１０１の隣に膜分離用の槽１０４を新たに増設するため、膜分離用の槽１０４を増設するための広いスペースを確保する必要があるといった問題がある。   However, in the above-mentioned conventional type, since a new membrane separation tank 104 is added next to the existing aerobic tank 101, it is necessary to secure a large space for adding the membrane separation tank 104. There is.

本発明は、広いスペースを確保しなくても、生物処理装置を別方式の生物処理装置に変換することが可能な生物処理装置の変換方法および生物処理装置の更新方法を提供することを目的とする。   An object of the present invention is to provide a method of converting a biological treatment apparatus and a method of updating a biological treatment apparatus, which can convert a biological treatment apparatus into another biological treatment apparatus without securing a large space. Do.

上記目的を達成するために、本第１発明は、被処理液を生物処理する生物処理装置を別方式の生物処理装置に変換するための生物処理装置の変換方法であって、
並列する複数の生物処理系列の少なくとも一つの所定の生物処理系列に、浮上手段を備えて被処理液中に浮かんだ状態で固液分離可能な浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置を投入して、所定の生物処理系列を、浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置を使用した生物処理系列として運転する第１工程と、
浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置が投入されていない他の生物処理系列に貯留される被処理液を系列外に排出し、被処理液を排出した他の生物処理系列に改造を施した後、他の生物処理系列に被処理液を供給して、他の生物処理系列を別方式の生物処理系列として運転する第２工程と、
上記第１工程において浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置を投入した所定の生物処理系列から浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置を系列外へ取り出す第３工程と、
を有するものである。 In order to achieve the above object, the first invention is a method of converting a biological treatment apparatus for converting a biological treatment apparatus for biological treatment of a liquid to be treated into another type of biological treatment apparatus,
A floating type immersion type membrane separation apparatus capable of solid-liquid separation in a floating state in a liquid to be treated is provided with floating means to at least one predetermined biological treatment series of a plurality of biological treatment series arranged in parallel; A first step of operating a predetermined biological treatment series as a biological treatment series using a floating immersion type membrane separation apparatus;
After the liquid to be treated stored in other biological treatment series to which floating type immersion type membrane separation apparatus is not input is discharged out of the series and the biological treatment series which has discharged the liquid to be treated is modified A second step of supplying a liquid to be treated to another biological treatment series and operating the other biological treatment series as another biological treatment series;
A third step of taking out the floating immersion type membrane separation device from the predetermined biological treatment series to which the floating type immersion membrane separation device is charged in the first step;
The

これによると、複数の生物処理系列を有する既設の生物処理槽の隣に、別方式の生物処理系列を有する生物処理槽を新たに増設する必要はないため、広いスペースを確保しなくても、生物処理装置を別方式の生物処理装置に変換することができる。   According to this, it is not necessary to newly add a biological treatment tank having another type of biological treatment series next to the existing biological treatment tank having a plurality of biological treatment series, so even if a large space is not secured, A biological treatment device can be converted to another type of biological treatment device.

本第２発明における生物処理装置の変換方法は、第３工程の後に、所定の生物処理系列に貯留されている被処理液を系列外に排出し、所定の生物処理系列に改造を施した後、所定の生物処理系列に被処理液を供給して、所定の生物処理系列を別方式の生物処理系列として運転する第４工程を有するものである。   In the conversion method of the biological treatment apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention, after the third step, the liquid to be treated stored in the predetermined biological treatment series is discharged out of the series, and the predetermined biological treatment series is modified. And a fourth step of supplying a liquid to be treated to a predetermined biological treatment series, and operating the predetermined biological treatment series as another biological treatment series.

本第３並びに第４発明における生物処理装置の変換方法は、別方式の生物処理系列は浸漬型膜分離装置を使用した生物処理系列である。
これによると、複数の生物処理系列を有する既設の生物処理槽の隣に、浸漬型膜分離装置を使用した別方式の生物処理系列を有する生物処理槽を新たに増設する必要はないため、広いスペースを確保しなくても、生物処理装置を、浸漬型膜分離装置を使用した別方式の生物処理装置に変換することができる。 In the conversion method of the biological treatment apparatus in the third and fourth inventions, another biological treatment series is a biological treatment series using a submerged membrane separation apparatus.
According to this, next to the existing biological treatment tank having a plurality of biological treatment series, it is not necessary to newly add a biological treatment tank having another biological treatment series using a submerged membrane separation apparatus, so Even if space is not secured, the biological treatment device can be converted to another biological treatment device using a submerged membrane separation device.

本第５発明における生物処理装置の変換方法は、浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置は浮上手段が着脱自在であり、
第１工程において投入した浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置を系列外へ取り出し、
取り出した浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置から浮上手段を取り外し、
第２工程において、改造を施した後の他の生物処理系列に、上記浮上手段を取り外した浸漬型膜分離装置を設置するものである。 In the conversion method of the biological treatment apparatus according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the floating type immersion type membrane separation apparatus has removable floating means.
Take out the floating immersion type membrane separation device introduced in the first step out of the series,
Remove the floatation means from the floatable immersion type membrane separator taken out,
In the second step, the immersion type membrane separation apparatus from which the floating means is removed is installed in another biological treatment series after the modification.

これによると、第１工程において使用した浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置を、浮上手段を取り外した後、第２工程において浸漬型膜分離装置として再度使用しているため、コストダウンを図ることができる。   According to this, since the floating immersion type membrane separation apparatus used in the first step is used again as the immersion type membrane separation apparatus in the second step after removing the floating means, cost reduction can be achieved. it can.

本第６発明における生物処理装置の変換方法は、浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置は浮上手段が着脱自在であり、
第３工程において系列外へ取り出した浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置から浮上手段を取り外し、
第４工程において、改造を施した後の所定の生物処理系列に、上記浮上手段を取り外した浸漬型膜分離装置を設置するものである。 In the conversion method of the biological treatment apparatus according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the floating type immersion type membrane separation apparatus has removable floating means.
Remove the floating means from the floating immersion type membrane separator taken out of the series in the third step,
In the fourth step, the immersion type membrane separation apparatus from which the floating means is removed is installed in a predetermined biological treatment series after the modification.

これによると、第３工程において使用した浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置を、浮上手段を取り外した後、第４工程において浸漬型膜分離装置として再度使用しているため、コストダウンを図ることができる。   According to this, since the floating type immersion type membrane separation apparatus used in the third step is used again as the immersion type membrane separation apparatus in the fourth step after removing the floating means, cost reduction can be achieved. it can.

本第７発明における生物処理装置の変換方法は、第１工程において、所定の生物処理系列の既設の散気装置からの散気によって浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置の膜面を洗浄しながら、所定の生物処理系列を、浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置を使用した生物処理系列として運転するものである。 In the conversion method of the biological treatment apparatus according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, in the first step, the membrane surface of the floating immersion type membrane separation apparatus is cleaned by aeration from the existing aeration apparatus of a predetermined biological treatment series. A predetermined biological treatment series is operated as a biological treatment series using a floating immersion type membrane separation apparatus.

これによると、散気装置からの散気によって浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置の膜面を洗浄するため、浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置の濾過効率を良好に保つことができる。また、所定の生物処理系列の既設の散気装置を有効利用することができる。   According to this, since the membrane surface of the floating type immersion type membrane separation device is cleaned by the air diffusion from the air diffusion device, the filtration efficiency of the floating type immersion type membrane separation device can be maintained favorably. Moreover, the existing aeration apparatus of a predetermined | prescribed biological treatment series can be used effectively.

本第８発明における生物処理装置の変換方法は、浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置に備えられた浮上手段は、内部に気体を貯留する貯留部を有するとともに、下面に開口部を有し、
下方から供給される気体が浮上手段の開口部を通じて貯留部に貯留されることにより、浮上手段が浮力を保持し、浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置が被処理液中に浮かぶものである。 In the conversion method of the biological treatment apparatus according to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the floating means provided in the floating immersion type membrane separation apparatus has a storage section for storing gas inside and an opening on the lower surface,
The gas supplied from the lower side is stored in the reservoir through the opening of the floating means, so that the floating means holds buoyancy and the floating immersion type membrane separation apparatus floats in the liquid to be treated.

これによると、下方から供給される気体が、被処理液中を上昇し、浮上手段の開口部を通じて貯留部に貯留される。このような気体の上昇により上向流が発生するが、浮上手段は下面に開口部を有しているため、気体および上向流の大部分は、浮上手段の下面に直接当ることはなく、開口部に面した水面で気泡が放出された後、側方又は下方へ向きを変えて流れる。これにより、浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置の揺動を抑制することができる。
本第９発明は、被処理液を生物処理する生物処理装置を更新するための生物処理装置の更新方法であって、
並列する複数の生物処理系列の少なくとも一つの所定の生物処理系列に、浮上手段を備えて被処理液中に浮かんだ状態で固液分離可能な浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置を投入して、所定の生物処理系列を、浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置を使用した生物処理系列として運転する第１工程と、
浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置が投入されていない他の生物処理系列に貯留される被処理液を系列外に排出し、被処理液を排出した他の生物処理系列を更新した後、他の生物処理系列に被処理液を供給して、他の生物処理系列を運転する第２工程と、
上記第１工程において浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置を投入した所定の生物処理系列から浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置を系列外へ取り出す第３工程と、
を有するものである。 According to this, the gas supplied from the lower side rises in the liquid to be treated, and is stored in the reservoir through the opening of the floating means. Such rise of gas generates upward flow, but since the floating means has an opening at the lower surface, most of the gas and upward flow do not directly hit the lower surface of the floating means, After the air bubbles are released at the water surface facing the opening, the air flows sideways or downward. As a result, it is possible to suppress the swing of the floating immersion type membrane separation apparatus.
A ninth aspect of the present invention is a method of updating a biological treatment apparatus for updating a biological treatment apparatus for biological treatment of a liquid to be treated,
A floating type immersion type membrane separation apparatus capable of solid-liquid separation in a floating state in a liquid to be treated is provided with floating means to at least one predetermined biological treatment series of a plurality of biological treatment series arranged in parallel; A first step of operating a predetermined biological treatment series as a biological treatment series using a floating immersion type membrane separation apparatus;
After discharging the treatment liquid stored in the other biological treatment series to which the floating immersion type membrane separation device is not input, and updating the other biological treatment series which has discharged the treatment liquid, the other treatment series A second step of supplying a liquid to be treated to the biological treatment series and operating another biological treatment series;
A third step of taking out the floating immersion type membrane separation device from the predetermined biological treatment series to which the floating type immersion membrane separation device is charged in the first step;
The

これによると、複数の生物処理系列を有する既設の生物処理槽の隣に、別方式の生物処理系列を有する生物処理槽を新たに増設する必要はないため、広いスペースを確保しなくても、生物処理装置を更新することができる。   According to this, it is not necessary to newly add a biological treatment tank having another type of biological treatment series next to the existing biological treatment tank having a plurality of biological treatment series, so even if a large space is not secured, Biological treatment devices can be updated.

以上のように本発明によると、複数の生物処理系列を有する既設の生物処理槽の隣に、別方式の生物処理系列を有する生物処理槽を新たに増設する必要はないため、広いスペースを確保しなくても、生物処理装置を別方式の生物処理装置に変換することができる。   As described above, according to the present invention, it is not necessary to newly add a biological treatment tank having another type of biological treatment series next to an existing biological treatment tank having a plurality of biological treatment series, thereby securing a large space. Alternatively, the biological treatment device can be converted to another biological treatment device.

本発明の第１の実施の形態における既設の生物処理装置の図である。It is a figure of the existing biological treatment apparatus in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. 同、既設の生物処理装置を別方式の生物処理装置に変換する際に使用する浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the floating-type immersion type membrane separation apparatus used when converting the existing biological treatment apparatus into another biological treatment apparatus of the same. 同、既設の生物処理装置を別方式の生物処理装置に変換する生物処理装置の変換方法を説明する図であって、第１工程を示す。Similarly, it is a figure explaining the conversion method of the biological treatment apparatus which converts the existing biological treatment apparatus into the biological treatment apparatus of another system, Comprising: 1st process is shown. 同、生物処理装置の変換方法を説明する図であって、第２工程を示す。Similarly, it is a figure explaining the conversion method of a biological treatment apparatus, Comprising: 2nd process is shown. 同、浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置から浮上手段を取り外した図である。It is the figure which removed the floating means from the floating type immersion type membrane separation apparatus similarly. 同、生物処理装置の変換方法を説明する図であって、第２工程を示す。Similarly, it is a figure explaining the conversion method of a biological treatment apparatus, Comprising: 2nd process is shown. 同、生物処理装置の変換方法を説明する図であって、第３工程を示す。Similarly, it is a figure explaining the conversion method of a biological treatment apparatus, Comprising: The 3rd process is shown. 同、生物処理装置の変換方法を説明する図であって、第４工程を示す。Similarly, it is a figure explaining the conversion method of a biological treatment apparatus, Comprising: The 4th process is shown. 本発明の第２の実施の形態における生物処理装置の変換方法を説明する図であって、第１工程を示す。It is a figure explaining the conversion method of the biological treatment apparatus in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention, Comprising: 1st process is shown. 同、生物処理装置の変換方法を説明する図であって、第２工程を示す。Similarly, it is a figure explaining the conversion method of a biological treatment apparatus, Comprising: 2nd process is shown. 同、生物処理装置の変換方法を説明する図であって、第２工程を示す。Similarly, it is a figure explaining the conversion method of a biological treatment apparatus, Comprising: 2nd process is shown. 同、生物処理装置の変換方法を説明する図であって、第３工程を示す。Similarly, it is a figure explaining the conversion method of a biological treatment apparatus, Comprising: The 3rd process is shown. 同、生物処理装置の変換方法を説明する図であって、第４工程を示す。Similarly, it is a figure explaining the conversion method of a biological treatment apparatus, Comprising: The 4th process is shown. 同、生物処理装置の変換方法を説明する図であって、第４工程を示す。Similarly, it is a figure explaining the conversion method of a biological treatment apparatus, Comprising: The 4th process is shown. 本発明の第３の実施の形態における既設の生物処理装置を更新するための生物処理装置の更新方法を説明する図であって、第１工程を示す。It is a figure explaining the update method of the biological treatment apparatus for updating the existing biological treatment apparatus in the 3rd Embodiment of this invention, Comprising: 1st process is shown. 同、生物処理装置の更新方法を説明する図であって、第２工程を示す。Similarly, it is a figure explaining the update method of a biological treatment apparatus, Comprising: 2nd process is shown. 同、生物処理装置の更新方法を説明する図であって、第２工程を示す。Similarly, it is a figure explaining the update method of a biological treatment apparatus, Comprising: 2nd process is shown. 同、生物処理装置の更新方法を説明する図であって、第３工程を示す。Similarly, it is a figure explaining the update method of a biological treatment apparatus, Comprising: The 3rd process is shown. 同、生物処理装置の更新方法を説明する図であって、第４工程を示す。Similarly, it is a figure explaining the update method of a biological treatment apparatus, Comprising: The 4th process is shown. 従来の生物処理装置の図である。It is a figure of the conventional biological treatment apparatus. 従来、既設の生物処理装置を別方式の生物処理装置に変換する生物処理装置の変換方法を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the conversion method of the biological treatment apparatus which converts the existing biological treatment apparatus into the biological treatment apparatus of another type conventionally.

以下、本発明における実施の形態を、図面を参照して説明する。
（第１の実施の形態）
第１の実施の形態では、図１に示すように、１は下水等の被処理水２を標準活性汚泥法により生物処理する既設の生物処理装置である。生物処理装置１は好気槽３と最終沈殿池４とを有している。好気槽３内は、仕切壁５によって、並列する複数の生物処理系列６，７，８に仕切られている。各生物処理系列６，７，８はそれぞれ、好気槽３内の底部に、散気装置１０を有している。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
First Embodiment
In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, 1 is an existing biological treatment apparatus for biological treatment of treated water 2 such as sewage by the standard activated sludge method. The biological treatment apparatus 1 has an aerobic tank 3 and a final sedimentation tank 4. The inside of the aerobic tank 3 is partitioned by the partition wall 5 into a plurality of biological treatment series 6, 7, 8 arranged in parallel. Each biological treatment series 6, 7, 8 has a diffuser 10 at the bottom of the aerobic tank 3 respectively.

また、図２に示すように、２０は浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置である。浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０は、被処理水２中に浸漬された状態で被処理水２を固液分離する膜分離ユニット２２と、膜分離ユニット２２に浮力を付与して膜分離ユニット２２を被処理水２中に浮かせる浮上手段２３（フロート）とを有している。   Further, as shown in FIG. 2, reference numeral 20 denotes a floating immersion type membrane separation apparatus. The floating type immersion type membrane separation apparatus 20 is a membrane separation unit which applies solidity to the membrane separation unit 22 for solid-liquid separation of the to-be-treated water 2 in a state of being immersed in the to-be-treated water 2. And floating means 23 (float) for floating 22 in the water 2 to be treated.

膜分離ユニット２２は、内部に複数の膜エレメント２４を有し、下部に散気装置２５を有している。尚、膜エレメント２４は、平板状の濾板（図示省略）と、濾板の両面に装着された濾過膜（図示省略）を有している。また、膜分離ユニット２２には、膜エレメント２４の濾過膜を透過した処理水が集められる集水管２６が備えられている。   The membrane separation unit 22 has a plurality of membrane elements 24 inside and a diffuser 25 in the lower part. The membrane element 24 has a flat filter plate (not shown) and filtration membranes (not shown) mounted on both sides of the filter plate. In addition, the membrane separation unit 22 is provided with a water collecting pipe 26 in which the treated water that has permeated the filtration membrane of the membrane element 24 is collected.

浮上手段２３は、内部に空気（気体の一例）を貯留する貯留部２７を有するとともに、下面に開口部２８を有しており、散気装置２５から放出される気泡２９を、開口部２８を通じて貯留部２７に貯留することで、浮力を得る。尚、浮上手段２３は樹脂製であるが、浮力が確保できれば金属製等であってもよい。
浮上手段２３は、複数の連結部材３０を介して、膜分離ユニット２２に着脱自在に連結されている。 The levitation means 23 has a storage portion 27 for storing air (an example of gas) inside and an opening 28 on the lower surface, and the air bubbles 29 discharged from the diffuser 25 are passed through the opening 28 By storing in the storage unit 27, buoyancy is obtained. The floating means 23 is made of resin, but may be made of metal or the like as long as the buoyancy can be secured.
The floating means 23 is detachably connected to the membrane separation unit 22 via a plurality of connection members 30.

浸漬型膜分離装置を使用していない上記既設の生物処理装置１（図１参照）を、浸漬型膜分離装置を使用した別方式の生物処理装置３５（図８参照）に変換（改造）するための生物処理装置の変換方法（改造方法）について、以下に説明する。   Convert (remodel) the existing biological treatment apparatus 1 (see FIG. 1) that does not use the immersion membrane separation apparatus into another biological treatment apparatus 35 (see FIG. 8) using the immersion membrane separation apparatus The conversion method (modification method) of the biological treatment apparatus for the purpose will be described below.

上記変換方法は以下のような第１〜第４工程を有している。
（１）第１工程
図１に示すように、各生物処理系列６，７，８において、散気装置１０で好気槽３内の被処理水２に対して散気を行い、最終沈殿池４において活性汚泥を沈降して、処理水と活性汚泥とを分離している状態で、先ず、図３に示すように、第１生物処理系列６（所定の生物処理系列の一例）に複数の浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０を投入し、仮設の配管や膜濾過に必要な周辺設備を配置して、第１生物処理系列６を、浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０を使用した生物処理系列として運転する。 The conversion method has the following first to fourth steps.
(1) First Step As shown in FIG. 1, in each biological treatment series 6, 7 and 8, the aeration device 10 aerates the water to be treated 2 in the aerobic tank 3, and the final sedimentation tank In the state where the activated sludge is settled in 4 and the treated water and the activated sludge are separated, first, as shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of the first biological treatment series 6 (an example of a predetermined biological treatment series) The floating type immersion type membrane separation apparatus 20 is charged, temporary piping and peripheral equipment necessary for membrane filtration are disposed, and the first biological treatment series 6 is a living organism using the floating type immersion type membrane separation apparatus 20 Operate as a processing sequence.

これにより、図２に示すように、各浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０の膜分離ユニット２２は、第１生物処理系列６の被処理水２中に浮いた状態で、活性汚泥により生物処理された被処理水２を固液分離する。この際、膜エレメント２４で濾過された処理水３１は、集水管２６に集められ、連通管３４を経て処理水配管３３に流入し、第１生物処理系列６から好気槽３の外部へ取り出された後、放流される。尚、処理水配管３３は、浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０を第１生物処理系列６に投入する際、好気槽３に設置される。   Thereby, as shown in FIG. 2, the membrane separation unit 22 of each floating type immersion type membrane separation apparatus 20 floats in the treated water 2 of the first biological treatment series 6, and the biological treatment with activated sludge is performed. Solid-liquid separation of the treated water 2 is performed. At this time, the treated water 31 filtered by the membrane element 24 is collected in the water collecting pipe 26, flows through the communicating pipe 34 into the treated water pipe 33, and is taken out of the first biological treatment series 6 to the outside of the aerobic tank 3 After being drained. The treated water pipe 33 is installed in the aerobic tank 3 when the floating immersion type membrane separation apparatus 20 is put into the first biological treatment system 6.

また、浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０に備えられた散気装置２５による散気を行うことで、散気装置２５から放出された気泡２９が、被処理水２中を上昇し、浮上手段２３の開口部２８を通じて貯留部２７に貯留される。このような気泡２９の上昇により上向流３２が発生するが、浮上手段２３は下面に開口部２８を有しているため、気泡２９および上向流３２の大部分は、浮上手段２３の下面に直接当ることはなく、開口部２８に面した水面２ａで気泡２９が放出された後、側方又は下方へ向きを変えて流れる。これにより、浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０の揺動を抑制することができる。   Further, by performing aeration by the aeration device 25 provided in the floating immersion type membrane separation device 20, the air bubbles 29 discharged from the aeration device 25 rise in the water to be treated 2, and the floating means The fluid is stored in the reservoir 27 through the opening 28 of 23. The upward flow 32 is generated by the rise of the air bubble 29, but the floating means 23 has the opening 28 on the lower surface, so most of the air bubble 29 and the upward flow 32 is the lower surface of the floating means 23. The air bubbles 29 are released at the water surface 2 a facing the opening 28 and then flow sideways or downward. Thereby, the swing of the floating type immersion type membrane separation apparatus 20 can be suppressed.

また、互いに隣接する浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０同士は連結装置（図示省略）により連結されており、各浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０の揺動を抑制している。
（２）第２工程
次に、第２および第３生物処理系列７，８（浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０が投入されていない他の生物処理系列の一例）に貯留される被処理水２を好気槽３の外部（系列外）に排出し、第２および第３生物処理系列７，８を空にする。 Further, the floating type immersion type membrane separation devices 20 adjacent to each other are connected by a connecting device (not shown), and the swing of the floating type immersion type membrane separation devices 20 is suppressed.
(2) Second Step Next, the water to be stored in the second and third biological treatment series 7 and 8 (an example of another biological treatment series to which the floating immersion type membrane separation apparatus 20 is not inserted) 2 is discharged outside the aerobic tank 3 (outside of the series), and the second and third biological treatment series 7 and 8 are emptied.

尚、一般に、浸漬型膜分離装置を使った活性汚泥処理は、膜分離活性汚泥処理（ＭＢＲ）と呼ばれ、活性汚泥濃度を高くして処理できるため、単位容積当りの処理水量を他の処理方法よりも多くすることができ、これにより、第２および第３生物処理系列７，８を空にしても、第１生物処理系列６において好気槽３全体の処理能力を維持することができる。   In general, activated sludge treatment using a submerged membrane separator is called membrane separation activated sludge treatment (MBR) and can be performed with a high activated sludge concentration, so the amount of treated water per unit volume can be treated differently More than the method, it is possible to maintain the overall throughput of the aerobic tank 3 in the first biological treatment series 6, even if the second and third biological treatment series 7, 8 are empty. .

その後、第２および第３生物処理系列７，８に以下のような改造を施す。
浸漬型膜分離装置を稼働させるための配管工事を行う。浸漬型膜分離装置の散気装置に空気を供給するブロワ装置や浸漬型膜分離装置の膜エレメントに吸引圧を負荷する自吸式吸引ポンプ等を設置する。ブロワ装置やポンプに電力を供給する電力供給装置を設置する。さらに、第２および第３生物処理系列７，８の既設の散気装置１０のレイアウトを変更し、又は、既設の散気装置１０の更新を行う。浸漬型膜分離装置を被処理水２の水面下に沈めて槽底部に設置する際に用いられるガイドパイプ３７（図４参照）等を据え付ける。 Thereafter, the second and third biological treatment lines 7 and 8 are subjected to the following modifications.
Perform piping work to operate the immersion type membrane separator. A blower device for supplying air to the aeration device of the immersion type membrane separator, a self-priming suction pump for applying suction pressure to the membrane elements of the immersion type membrane separator, and the like are installed. Install a power supply device that supplies power to the blower device and pump. Furthermore, the layout of the existing diffusers 10 of the second and third biological treatment series 7 and 8 is changed, or the existing diffusers 10 are updated. A guide pipe 37 (see FIG. 4) and the like used when the immersion type membrane separation apparatus is sunk under the surface of the water 2 to be treated and installed at the bottom of the tank is installed.

上記のような改造を第２および第３生物処理系列７，８に施した後、これら第２および第３生物処理系列７，８に被処理水２を供給する。
その後、第１生物処理系列６の複数の浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０のうちの一部の浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０を好気槽３の外に取り出し、取り出した浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０から浮上手段２３を取り外し、図４，図５に示すように、浮上手段２３を備えていない複数の膜分離ユニット２２（すなわち浸漬型膜分離装置に相当）を、被処理水２
の水面下に沈めて、第２および第３生物処理系列７，８の槽底部に設置する。 After the above modifications are applied to the second and third biological treatment lines 7 and 8, the water 2 is supplied to the second and third biological treatment lines 7 and 8.
Thereafter, a part of the floatable immersion type membrane separators 20 among the plurality of floatable immersion type membrane separators 20 of the first biological treatment series 6 is taken out of the aerobic tank 3 and taken out. The levitation means 23 is removed from the immersion type membrane separation apparatus 20, and as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a plurality of membrane separation units 22 (that is, equivalent to the immersion type membrane separation apparatus) without the levitation means 23 are treated Water 2
Submerged under the surface of the water and installed at the bottom of the second and third biological treatment series 7, 8

この際、膜分離ユニット２２はガイドパイプ３７に案内されて被処理水２の水面下に設置される。
その後、第２および第３生物処理系列７，８を、浸漬型膜分離装置（すなわち上記膜分離ユニット２２）を使用した別方式の生物処理系列として運転する。 At this time, the membrane separation unit 22 is guided by the guide pipe 37 and installed under the surface of the treated water 2.
Thereafter, the second and third biological treatment lines 7 and 8 are operated as another biological treatment line using an immersion membrane separation apparatus (that is, the membrane separation unit 22).

尚、これら一連の作業は、浸漬型膜分離装置（すなわち上記膜分離ユニット２２）の設置工程までに十分な準備を経て実施されるため、第２および第３生物処理系列７，８の改造を短時間で完了させることができ、生物処理に与える影響が軽微になる。   In addition, since these series of operations are carried out with sufficient preparation before the installation step of the immersion type membrane separation apparatus (that is, the membrane separation unit 22), modification of the second and third biological treatment series 7, 8 It can be completed in a short time, and the impact on biological treatment will be minor.

これにより、図６に示すように、膜分離ユニット２２は、第２および第３生物処理系列７，８に設置された状態で、被処理水２を固液分離する。この際、膜エレメント２４で濾過された処理水３１は、集水管２６に集められ、連通管３４を経て処理水配管３３に流入し、第２および第３生物処理系列７，８から好気槽３の外部へ取り出され後、放流される。   Thereby, as shown in FIG. 6, the membrane separation unit 22 solid-liquid separates the to-be-processed water 2 in the state installed in the 2nd and 3rd biological treatment series 7 and 8. At this time, the treated water 31 filtered by the membrane element 24 is collected in the water collecting pipe 26, flows into the treated water pipe 33 through the communication pipe 34, and the aerobic tank from the second and third biological treatment series 7, 8 After being taken out of 3, it is discharged.

また、図４示すように膜分離ユニット２２に備えられた散気装置２５による散気を行うことで、気泡２９の上昇により上向流３２が発生し、これら気泡２９および上向流３２によって膜エレメント２４の表面が洗浄される。
（３）第３工程
次に、第１生物処理系列６に残っている浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０を、第１生物処理系列６から取り出す。このとき、取り出した浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０を、図７に示すように、一旦、第２生物処理系列７（又は第３生物処理系列８）に移し、第２生物処理系列７において、浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０（図２参照）と浸漬型膜分離装置（すなわち図４に示した上記膜分離ユニット２２）とを運転して固液分離を行うとともに、第３生物処理系列８において、浸漬型膜分離装置（すなわち上記膜分離ユニット２２）を運転して固液分離を行う。
（４）第４工程
その後、第１生物処理系列６の被処理水２を好気槽３の外部（系列外）に排出し、第１生物処理系列６を空にする。次に、第１生物処理系列６に以下のような改造を施す。 Further, as shown in FIG. 4, by performing the aeration by the aeration device 25 provided in the membrane separation unit 22, the upward flow 32 is generated by the rise of the bubble 29, and the film is generated by the bubble 29 and the upward flow 32. The surface of element 24 is cleaned.
(3) Third Step Next, the floating immersion type membrane separation apparatus 20 remaining in the first biological treatment series 6 is taken out from the first biological treatment series 6. At this time, as shown in FIG. 7, the floating type membrane separation apparatus 20 taken out is temporarily transferred to the second biological treatment series 7 (or the third biological treatment series 8), and the second biological treatment series 7 Solid-liquid separation by operating the floating immersion type membrane separation apparatus 20 (see FIG. 2) and the immersion type membrane separation apparatus (that is, the above-mentioned membrane separation unit 22 shown in FIG. 4) In the series 8, solid-liquid separation is performed by operating the immersion type membrane separation apparatus (that is, the above-mentioned membrane separation unit 22).
(4) Fourth Step Thereafter, the to-be-treated water 2 of the first biological treatment series 6 is discharged to the outside of the aerobic tank 3 (outside the series), and the first biological treatment series 6 is emptied. Next, the first biological treatment series 6 is subjected to the following modification.

浸漬型膜分離装置を稼働させるための配管工事を行う。浸漬型膜分離装置の散気装置に空気を供給するブロワ装置や浸漬型膜分離装置の膜エレメントに吸引圧を負荷する自吸式吸引ポンプ等を設置する。ブロワ装置やポンプに電力を供給する電力供給装置を設置する。さらに、第１生物処理系列６の既設の散気装置１０のレイアウトを変更し、又は、既設の散気装置１０の更新を行う。浸漬型膜分離装置を被処理水２の水面下に沈めて槽底部に設置する際に用いられるガイドパイプ３７（図４参照）等を据え付ける。   Perform piping work to operate the immersion type membrane separator. A blower device for supplying air to the aeration device of the immersion type membrane separator, a self-priming suction pump for applying suction pressure to the membrane elements of the immersion type membrane separator, and the like are installed. Install a power supply device that supplies power to the blower device and pump. Furthermore, the layout of the existing aeration device 10 of the first biological treatment series 6 is changed, or the existing aeration device 10 is updated. A guide pipe 37 (see FIG. 4) and the like used when the immersion type membrane separation apparatus is sunk under the surface of the water 2 to be treated and installed at the bottom of the tank is installed.

上記のような改造を第１生物処理系列６に施した後、第１生物処理系列６に被処理水２を供給する。
その後、上記第３工程（図７参照）において第１生物処理系列６から第２生物処理系列７に移した浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０から浮上手段２３を取り外し、図８に示すように、浮上手段２３を備えていない複数の膜分離ユニット２２（すなわち浸漬型膜分離装置に相当）を、被処理水２の水面下に沈めて、第１生物処理系列６の槽底部に設置する。 After the above modification is applied to the first biological treatment series 6, the treated water 2 is supplied to the first biological treatment series 6.
Thereafter, the floating means 23 is removed from the floating immersion type membrane separator 20 transferred from the first biological treatment series 6 to the second biological treatment series 7 in the third step (see FIG. 7), as shown in FIG. A plurality of membrane separation units 22 (that is, equivalent to the immersion type membrane separation apparatus) not provided with the floating means 23 are submerged under the water surface of the water to be treated 2 and installed at the bottom of the tank of the first biological treatment series 6.

この際、膜分離ユニット２２はガイドパイプ３７（図４参照）に案内されて被処理水２の水面下に設置される。
その後、第１生物処理系列６を、浸漬型膜分離装置（すなわち上記膜分離ユニット２２）を使用した別方式の生物処理系列として運転する。 At this time, the membrane separation unit 22 is guided by the guide pipe 37 (see FIG. 4) and installed under the surface of the water 2 to be treated.
Thereafter, the first biological treatment series 6 is operated as another biological treatment series using the immersion membrane separation apparatus (that is, the membrane separation unit 22).

尚、これら一連の作業は、浸漬型膜分離装置（すなわち上記膜分離ユニット２２）の据付工程までに十分な準備を経て実施されるため、第１生物処理系列６の改造を短時間で完了させることができ、生物処理に与える影響が軽微になる。   In addition, since a series of these operations are performed after sufficient preparation before the installation step of the immersion type membrane separation apparatus (that is, the membrane separation unit 22), the remodeling of the first biological treatment series 6 is completed in a short time. And the impact on biological treatment will be minor.

これにより、膜分離ユニット２２は、第１生物処理系列６に設置された状態で、被処理水２を固液分離する。
また、第４工程において、最終沈殿池４は不要となるため、最終沈殿池４を撤去することができる。上記第１〜第４工程により、浸漬型膜分離装置を使用していない既設の生物処理装置１（図１参照）を、浸漬型膜分離装置（すなわち図４に示した膜分離ユニット２２）を使用した別方式の生物処理装置３５（図８参照）に変換することができる。 Thereby, the membrane separation unit 22 performs solid-liquid separation of the water to be treated 2 in a state of being installed in the first biological treatment series 6.
Further, in the fourth step, the final sedimentation tank 4 is unnecessary, so the final sedimentation tank 4 can be removed. In the first to fourth steps, the existing biological treatment apparatus 1 (see FIG. 1) that does not use the immersion type membrane separation apparatus is the immersion type membrane separation apparatus (ie, the membrane separation unit 22 shown in FIG. 4). It can be converted to another type of biological treatment apparatus 35 (see FIG. 8) used.

これによると、浸漬型膜分離装置を使用していない第１〜第３生物処理系列６〜８を有する既設の好気槽３の隣に、浸漬型膜分離装置を使用した別方式の生物処理系列を有する生物処理槽を新たに増設する必要はないため、広いスペースを確保しなくても、浸漬型膜分離装置を使用していない既設の生物処理装置１を、浸漬型膜分離装置を使用した別方式の生物処理装置３５に変換することができる。   According to this, another type of biological treatment using the immersion type membrane separation apparatus next to the existing aerobic tank 3 having the first to third biological treatment series 6 to 8 not using the immersion type membrane separation apparatus It is not necessary to newly add a biological treatment tank having a series, so even if a large space is not secured, the existing biological treatment apparatus 1 not using the immersion type membrane separation apparatus is used as the immersion type membrane separation apparatus It can be converted to another biological treatment apparatus 35 of another type.

また、第１工程において使用した浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０（図２参照）から浮上手段２３を取り外した膜分離ユニット２２（図４参照）を、第２工程において浸漬型膜分離装置として再度使用しているため、コストダウンを図ることができる。   In addition, the membrane separation unit 22 (see FIG. 4) obtained by removing the floating means 23 from the floating immersion type membrane separation apparatus 20 (see FIG. 2) used in the first step is used as the immersion type membrane separation apparatus in the second step. As it is used again, cost reduction can be achieved.

また、第３工程において使用した浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０から浮上手段２３を取り外した膜分離ユニット２２を、第４工程において浸漬型膜分離装置として再度使用しているため、コストダウンを図ることができる。   In addition, since the membrane separation unit 22 obtained by removing the floating means 23 from the floating immersion type membrane separation apparatus 20 used in the third step is used again as the immersion type membrane separation apparatus in the fourth step, the cost can be reduced. Can be

尚、上記第１の実施の形態の第１工程において、第１生物処理系列６の既設の散気装置１０からの散気によって浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０の膜エレメント２４の表面を洗浄しながら、第１生物処理系列６を、浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０を使用した生物処理系列として運転してもよい。これによると、浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０の濾過効率を良好に保つことができる。また、好気槽３の既設の散気装置１０を有効利用できるとともに、浸漬型膜分離装置２０の散気装置２５の散気量を抑えることができる。   In the first step of the first embodiment, the surface of the membrane element 24 of the floating type immersion type membrane separation apparatus 20 is cleaned by aeration from the already installed aeration device 10 of the first biological treatment series 6 Meanwhile, the first biological treatment series 6 may be operated as a biological treatment series using the floating immersion type membrane separation apparatus 20. According to this, the filtration efficiency of the floating type immersion type membrane separation apparatus 20 can be kept good. Moreover, while being able to utilize the existing aeration apparatus 10 of the aerobic tank 3 effectively, the aeration amount of the aeration apparatus 25 of the immersion type membrane separation apparatus 20 can be restrained.

（第２の実施の形態）
第２の実施の形態では、標準活性汚泥法により被処理水２を生物処理する既設の生物処理装置１（図１参照）を、膜分離を用いた循環式硝化脱窒法により被処理水２を生物処理する別方式の生物処理装置５０（図１４参照）に変換するための生物処理装置の変換方法について、以下に説明する。 Second Embodiment
In the second embodiment, the existing biological treatment apparatus 1 (see FIG. 1) for biological treatment of the water to be treated 2 by the standard activated sludge method is treated water to be treated 2 by the circulating nitrification denitrification method using membrane separation. The conversion method of the biological treatment apparatus for converting it into another biological treatment apparatus 50 (see FIG. 14) for biological treatment is described below.

上記変換方法は以下のような第１〜第４工程を有している。
（１）第１工程
図１に示すように、各生物処理系列６，７，８において、散気装置１０で処理槽３内の被処理水２に対して散気を行い、最終沈殿池４において活性汚泥を沈降して、処理水と活性汚泥とを分離している状態で、先ず、図９に示すように、第１生物処理系列６（所定の生物処理系列の一例）に複数の浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０を投入し、仮設の配管や膜濾過に必要な周辺設備を配置して、第１生物処理系列６を、浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０を使用した生物処理系列として運転する。 The conversion method has the following first to fourth steps.
(1) First Step As shown in FIG. 1, in each biological treatment series 6, 7 and 8, the aeration device 10 aerates the water to be treated 2 in the treatment tank 3, and the final sedimentation tank 4 In the state where the activated sludge is sedimented to separate the treated water and the activated sludge, first, as shown in FIG. 9, a plurality of floats on the first biological treatment series 6 (an example of a predetermined biological treatment series) Type immersion type membrane separation apparatus 20 is placed, temporary piping and peripheral equipment necessary for membrane filtration are arranged, and the first biological treatment series 6 is treated with the biological type using the floating type immersion type membrane separation apparatus 20 Operate as a series.

これにより、図２に示すように、各浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０の膜分離ユニット２２は、第１生物処理系列６の被処理水２中に浮いた状態で、被処理水２を固液分離する。この際、膜エレメント２４で濾過された処理水３１は、集水管２６に集められ、連通管３４を経て処理水配管３３に流入し、第１生物処理系列６から好気槽３の外部へ取り出された後、放流される。
（２）第２工程
次に、図１０に示すように、第２および第３生物処理系列７，８（浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０が投入されていない他の生物処理系列の一例）に貯留される被処理水２を処理槽３の外部（系列外）に排出し、第２および第３生物処理系列７，８を空にする。その後、第２および第３生物処理系列７，８に以下のような改造を施す。 Thereby, as shown in FIG. 2, the membrane separation unit 22 of each floating type immersion type membrane separation apparatus 20 floats the to-be-treated water 2 while floating in the to-be-treated water 2 of the first biological treatment series 6. Solid-liquid separation. At this time, the treated water 31 filtered by the membrane element 24 is collected in the water collecting pipe 26, flows through the communicating pipe 34 into the treated water pipe 33, and is taken out of the first biological treatment series 6 to the outside of the aerobic tank 3 After being drained.
(2) Second Step Next, as shown in FIG. 10, the second and third biological treatment series 7 and 8 (an example of another biological treatment series to which the floating immersion type membrane separation apparatus 20 is not inserted) Is discharged to the outside (outside of the series) of the treatment tank 3, and the second and third biological treatment series 7, 8 are emptied. Thereafter, the second and third biological treatment lines 7 and 8 are subjected to the following modifications.

すなわち、図１１に示すように、第２および第３生物処理系列７，８に、無酸素槽５１と好気槽５２とを設ける。無酸素槽５１と好気槽５２とは連通しており、無酸素槽５１内には、既設の散気装置１０を撤去した後に、撹拌装置を設ける。また、好気槽５２内には、既設の散気装置１０を撤去した後に、新たに散気装置５３を設けるとともに、浸漬型膜分離装置を被処理水２の水面下に沈めて槽底部に設置する際に用いられるガイドパイプ３７（図４参照）等を据え付け、配管工事を完了させる。   That is, as shown in FIG. 11, an anoxic tank 51 and an aerobic tank 52 are provided in the second and third biological treatment series 7 and 8. The anoxic tank 51 and the aerobic tank 52 communicate with each other, and in the anoxic tank 51, a stirring device is provided after removing the existing air diffuser 10. In addition, after removing the existing aeration device 10 in the aerobic tank 52, the aeration device 53 is newly provided, and the immersion membrane separation device is sunk below the water surface of the water 2 to be treated and the tank bottom portion Install the guide pipe 37 (see FIG. 4) and the like used for installation, and complete the piping work.

上記のような改造を第２および第３生物処理系列７，８に施した後、これら第２および第３生物処理系列７，８に被処理水２を供給して、第２および第３生物処理系列７，８を、循環式硝化脱窒法を用いた別方式の生物処理系列として運転する。
（３）第３工程
上記のように第２および第３生物処理系列７，８を、循環式硝化脱窒法を用いた別方式の生物処理系列として運転しながら、図１２に示すように、第１生物処理系列６の複数の浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０を取り出して第２および第３生物処理系列７，８の各好気槽５２内に移す。このとき、一部の浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０から浮上手段２３を取り外し、浮上手段２３を備えていない浸漬型膜分離装置（すなわち膜分離ユニット２２）を被処理水２の水面下に沈めて好気槽５２の底部に設置し、残りの浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０を好気槽５２内に投入し、第２および第３生物処理系列７，８を、膜分離を用いた循環式硝化脱窒法の生物処理系列として運転する。
（４）第４工程
その後、第１生物処理系列６の被処理水２を外部（系列外）に排出して、第１生物処理系列６を空にし、第１生物処理系列６に以下のような改造を施す。
すなわち、図１３に示すように、第１生物処理系列６に、無酸素槽５１と好気槽５２とを設ける。無酸素槽５１と好気槽５２とは連通しており、無酸素槽５１内には、既設の散気装置１０を撤去した後に、撹拌装置を設ける。また、好気槽５２内には、既設の散気装置１０を撤去した後に、新たに散気装置５３を設けるとともに、浸漬型膜分離装置を被処理水２の水面下に沈めて槽底部に設置する際に用いられるガイドパイプ３７（図４参照）等を据え付け、配管工事を完了させる。 After the above modifications are applied to the second and third biological treatment lines 7 and 8, the treated water 2 is supplied to the second and third biological treatment lines 7 and 8 to produce the second and third organisms. The treatment sequences 7 and 8 are operated as another biological treatment sequence using the cyclic nitrification denitrification method.
(3) Third Step As shown in FIG. 12, while the second and third biological treatment series 7 and 8 are operated as another biological treatment series using the cyclic nitrification denitrification method as described above, as shown in FIG. The plurality of floating type immersion type membrane separation devices 20 of the first biological treatment series 6 are taken out and transferred into the aerobic tanks 52 of the second and third biological treatment series 7 and 8. At this time, the levitation means 23 is removed from part of the levitation type immersion type membrane separation apparatus 20, and the immersion type membrane separation apparatus (that is, the membrane separation unit 22) not provided with the levitation means 23 is under the water surface of the water 2 to be treated. Submerged and installed at the bottom of aerobic tank 52, the remaining floating immersion type membrane separation apparatus 20 was introduced into aerobic tank 52, and second and third biological treatment series 7, 8 were subjected to membrane separation. It operates as a biological treatment series of the circulating nitrification denitrification method.
(4) Fourth step Thereafter, the treated water 2 of the first biological treatment series 6 is discharged to the outside (outside the series), the first biological treatment series 6 is emptied, and the first biological treatment series 6 is as follows: Do some remodeling.
That is, as shown in FIG. 13, an anoxic tank 51 and an aerobic tank 52 are provided in the first biological treatment series 6. The anoxic tank 51 and the aerobic tank 52 communicate with each other, and in the anoxic tank 51, a stirring device is provided after removing the existing air diffuser 10. In addition, after removing the existing aeration device 10 in the aerobic tank 52, the aeration device 53 is newly provided, and the immersion membrane separation device is sunk below the water surface of the water 2 to be treated and the tank bottom portion Install the guide pipe 37 (see FIG. 4) and the like used for installation, and complete the piping work.

上記のような改造を第１生物処理系列６に施した後、第１生物処理系列６に被処理水２を供給し、第２および第３生物処理系列７，８の好気槽５２内に投入された浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０を外部へ取り出して浮上手段２３を取り外し、図１４に示すように、浮上手段２３を備えていない浸漬型膜分離装置（すなわち膜分離ユニット２２）を第１生物処理系列６の好気槽５２内の被処理水２の水面下に沈めて槽底部に設置し、第１生物処理系列６を、膜分離を用いた循環式硝化脱窒法の生物処理系列として運転する。
上記第１〜第４工程によって、標準活性汚泥法により被処理水２を生物処理する既設の生物処理装置１（図１参照）を、膜分離を用いた循環式硝化脱窒法により被処理水２を生物処理する別方式の生物処理装置５０（図１４参照）に変換することができる。 After the above modification is applied to the first biological treatment series 6, the treated water 2 is supplied to the first biological treatment series 6, and the aerobic tank 52 of the second and third biological treatment series 7, 8 is supplied. The levitation type immersion type membrane separation apparatus 20 which has been introduced is taken out to the outside, the levitation means 23 is removed, and as shown in FIG. 14, the immersion type membrane separation apparatus (that is, the membrane separation unit 22) not equipped with the levitation means 23 is The first biological treatment series 6 is submerged under the surface of the treated water 2 in the aerobic tank 52 and installed at the bottom of the tank, and the first biological treatment series 6 is treated by biological treatment of the circulating nitrification denitrification method using membrane separation. Operate as a series.
The existing biological treatment apparatus 1 (see FIG. 1) for biological treatment of the water to be treated 2 by the standard activated sludge method in the first to fourth steps is treated water to be treated 2 by the cyclic nitrification denitrification method using membrane separation. Can be converted to another type of biological treatment apparatus 50 (see FIG. 14) for biological treatment.

（第３の実施の形態）
第３の実施の形態では、標準活性汚泥法により被処理水２を生物処理する既設の生物処理装置１（図１参照）を更新するための生物処理装置の更新方法について、以下に説明する。 Third Embodiment
In 3rd Embodiment, the update method of the biological treatment apparatus for updating the existing biological treatment apparatus 1 (refer FIG. 1) which carries out the biological treatment of the to-be-processed water 2 by the standard activated sludge method is demonstrated below.

上記更新方法は以下のような第１〜第４工程を有している。
（１）第１工程
図１に示すように、各生物処理系列６，７，８において、各散気装置１０で好気槽３内の被処理水２に対して散気を行い、最終沈殿池４において活性汚泥を沈降して、処理水と活性汚泥とを分離している状態で、先ず、図１５に示すように、第１生物処理系列６（所定の生物処理系列の一例）に複数の浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０を投入し、仮設の配管や膜濾過に必要な周辺設備を配置して、第１生物処理系列６を、浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０を使用した生物処理系列として運転する。 The updating method has the following first to fourth steps.
(1) First Step As shown in FIG. 1, in each biological treatment series 6, 7 and 8, aeration is performed on the water to be treated 2 in the aerobic tank 3 by each aeration device 10, and the final precipitation is performed. In a state where the activated sludge is sedimented in the pond 4 to separate the treated water and the activated sludge, first, as shown in FIG. 15, a plurality of them are separated into the first biological treatment series 6 (an example of a predetermined biological treatment series) The floating type immersion type membrane separation apparatus 20 of the above was introduced, the temporary piping and peripheral equipment necessary for membrane filtration were arranged, and the first biological treatment series 6 was used as the floating type immersion type membrane separation apparatus 20 Operate as a biological treatment series.

これにより、図２に示すように、各浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０の膜分離ユニット２２は、第１生物処理系列６の被処理水２中に浮いた状態で、被処理水２を固液分離する。この際、膜エレメント２４で濾過された処理水３１は、集水管２６に集められ、連通管３４を経て処理水配管３３に流入し、第１生物処理系列６から好気槽３の外部へ取り出された後、放流される。
（２）第２工程
次に、図１６に示すように、第２および第３生物処理系列７，８（浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０が投入されていない他の生物処理系列の一例）に貯留される被処理水２を好気槽３の外部（系列外）に排出し、第２および第３生物処理系列７，８を空にする。その後、第２および第３生物処理系列７，８を更新する。尚、更新の内容としては、図１７に示すように、第２および第３生物処理系列７，８の既設の散気装置１０を新しいものと取り換えたり、散気装置１０を増設する。 Thereby, as shown in FIG. 2, the membrane separation unit 22 of each floating type immersion type membrane separation apparatus 20 floats the to-be-treated water 2 while floating in the to-be-treated water 2 of the first biological treatment series 6. Solid-liquid separation. At this time, the treated water 31 filtered by the membrane element 24 is collected in the water collecting pipe 26, flows through the communicating pipe 34 into the treated water pipe 33, and is taken out of the first biological treatment series 6 to the outside of the aerobic tank 3 After being drained.
(2) Second Step Next, as shown in FIG. 16, second and third biological treatment series 7 and 8 (an example of another biological treatment series to which floating type immersion type membrane separation apparatus 20 is not inserted) The treated water 2 stored in the tank is discharged to the outside (outside of the series) of the aerobic tank 3, and the second and third biological treatment series 7, 8 are emptied. Thereafter, the second and third biological treatment sequences 7 and 8 are updated. As the contents of the update, as shown in FIG. 17, the existing diffusers 10 of the second and third biological treatment series 7 and 8 are replaced with new ones, or the diffusers 10 are added.

上記のように第２および第３生物処理系列７，８を更新した後、これら第２および第３生物処理系列７，８に被処理水２を供給し、第２および第３生物処理系列７，８の散気装置１０から散気を行って、第２および第３生物処理系列７，８を運転する。
（３）第３工程
上記のように第２および第３生物処理系列７，８を運転しながら、図１８に示すように、第１生物処理系列６の浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０を取り出して外部へ撤去する。
（４）第４工程
その後、第１生物処理系列６の被処理水２を好気槽３の外部（系列外）に排出して、第１生物処理系列６を空にし、第１生物処理系列６を更新する。尚、更新の内容としては、図１９に示すように、第１生物処理系列６の散気装置１０を新しいものと取り換えたり、散気装置１０を増設する。 After updating the second and third biological treatment lines 7 and 8 as described above, the treated water 2 is supplied to the second and third biological treatment lines 7 and 8, and the second and third biological treatment lines 7 , 8 are operated to operate the second and third biological treatment series 7 and 8.
(3) Third Step While operating the second and third biological treatment series 7 and 8 as described above, as shown in FIG. 18, the floating type immersion type membrane separation apparatus 20 of the first biological treatment series 6 is used. Take it out and remove it outside.
(4) Fourth step Thereafter, the treated water 2 of the first biological treatment series 6 is discharged to the outside of the aerobic tank 3 (outside of the series), the first biological treatment series 6 is emptied, and the first biological treatment series Update 6 As the contents of the update, as shown in FIG. 19, the air diffuser 10 of the first biological treatment series 6 is replaced with a new one, or the air diffuser 10 is added.

上記のように第１生物処理系列６を更新した後、第１生物処理系列６に被処理水２を供給し、第１生物処理系列６の散気装置１０から散気を行って、第１生物処理系列６を運転する。
上記第１〜第４工程によって、標準活性汚泥法により被処理水２を生物処理する既設の生物処理装置１を更新することができる。 After the first biological treatment series 6 is updated as described above, the water to be treated 2 is supplied to the first biological treatment series 6, and the aeration is performed from the aeration device 10 of the first biological treatment series 6, Operate the biological treatment series 6.
The existing biological treatment apparatus 1 which carries out the biological treatment of the to-be-processed water 2 by the standard activated sludge method can be updated by the said 1st-4th process.

上記第３の実施の形態における更新の内容は、散気装置１０の取り換えや増設に限定されるものではなく、撹拌装置や水中ポンプ等の機器や配管の取り換えおよび増設や、土木水槽の更新等も含む。   The contents of the update in the third embodiment are not limited to the replacement or expansion of the aeration device 10, and replacement or expansion of equipment such as a stirrer, a submersible pump, etc. or piping, renewal of a civil water tank, etc. Also includes.

上記各実施の形態では、好気槽３内に３つの生物処理系列６〜８を設けているが、２つ又は４つ以上設けてもよい。
上記各実施の形態では、第１工程において、浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０を第１生物処理系列６に投入しているが、第２生物処理系列７又は第３生物処理系列８に投入してもよい。また、浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０を第１〜第３生物処理系列６〜８のいずれか１つに投入しているが、いずれか２つの生物処理系列に投入してもよい。 In the above-mentioned each embodiment, although three biological treatment series 6-8 are provided in the aerobic tank 3, you may provide two or four or more.
In each of the above embodiments, the floating type immersion type membrane separation apparatus 20 is charged in the first biological treatment series 6 in the first step, but is charged in the second biological treatment series 7 or the third biological treatment series 8 You may Moreover, although the floating-type immersion type membrane separation apparatus 20 is thrown into any one of the 1st-3rd biological treatment series 6-8, you may inject into any two biological treatment series.

上記各実施の形態では、図２に示すように、浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置２０の浮上手段２３は貯留部２７に空気（気体）を貯留することで浮力を得ているが、嵩比重の小さいそれ自体に浮力のある樹脂製の浮上手段であってもよく、さらには、可撓性シートを袋状に形成した中に気体を充填して浮力を得る浮上手段であってもよい。   In each of the above embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2, the floating means 23 of the floating immersion type membrane separation apparatus 20 obtains buoyancy by storing air (gas) in the storage section 27, but bulk specific gravity is obtained. The floating means may be a small floatable resin levitating means itself, or may be a floating means for obtaining buoyancy by filling a gas into a flexible sheet formed into a bag shape.

上記各実施の形態に記載の変換（改造）前後の生物処理装置１，３５，５０および更新前後の生物処理装置１は、生物処理方式の一例であって、これらに限定されるものではなく、一般的に知られた他の生物処理方式においても適応可能である。   The biological treatment devices 1, 35, and 50 before and after conversion (remodeling) described in the above embodiments and the biological treatment device 1 before and after update are an example of the biological treatment method, and the present invention is not limited thereto. It is also applicable in other generally known biological treatment systems.

１ 生物処理装置
２ 被処理水（被処理液）
６〜８ 第１〜第３生物処理系列
１０ 散気装置
２０ 浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置
２２ 膜分離ユニット（浮上手段を取り外した浸漬型膜分離装置）
２３ 浮上手段
２７ 貯留部
２８ 開口部
２９ 気泡（気体） 1 Biological treatment equipment 2 Water to be treated (liquid to be treated)
6 to 8 1st to 3rd biological treatment series 10 air diffuser 20 floatable immersion type membrane separation apparatus 22 membrane separation unit (immersion type membrane separation apparatus from which floating means is removed)
23 levitation means 27 reservoir 28 opening 29 air bubbles (gas)

Claims (9)

被処理液を生物処理する生物処理装置を別方式の生物処理装置に変換するための生物処理装置の変換方法であって、
並列する複数の生物処理系列の少なくとも一つの所定の生物処理系列に、浮上手段を備えて被処理液中に浮かんだ状態で固液分離可能な浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置を投入して、所定の生物処理系列を、浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置を使用した生物処理系列として運転する第１工程と、
浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置が投入されていない他の生物処理系列に貯留される被処理液を系列外に排出し、被処理液を排出した他の生物処理系列に改造を施した後、他の生物処理系列に被処理液を供給して、他の生物処理系列を別方式の生物処理系列として運転する第２工程と、
上記第１工程において浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置を投入した所定の生物処理系列から浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置を系列外へ取り出す第３工程と、
を有することを特徴とする生物処理装置の変換方法。 A conversion method of a biological treatment apparatus for converting a biological treatment apparatus for biological treatment of a liquid to be treated into another biological treatment apparatus,
A floating type immersion type membrane separation apparatus capable of solid-liquid separation in a floating state in a liquid to be treated is provided with floating means to at least one predetermined biological treatment series of a plurality of biological treatment series arranged in parallel; A first step of operating a predetermined biological treatment series as a biological treatment series using a floating immersion type membrane separation apparatus;
After the liquid to be treated stored in other biological treatment series to which floating type immersion type membrane separation apparatus is not input is discharged out of the series and the biological treatment series which has discharged the liquid to be treated is modified A second step of supplying a liquid to be treated to another biological treatment series and operating the other biological treatment series as another biological treatment series;
A third step of taking out the floating immersion type membrane separation device from the predetermined biological treatment series to which the floating type immersion membrane separation device is charged in the first step;
A method of converting a biological treatment apparatus, comprising: 第３工程の後に、所定の生物処理系列に貯留されている被処理液を系列外に排出し、所定の生物処理系列に改造を施した後、所定の生物処理系列に被処理液を供給して、所定の生物処理系列を別方式の生物処理系列として運転する第４工程を有することを特徴とする請求項１記載の生物処理装置の変換方法。 After the third step, the liquid to be treated stored in the predetermined biological treatment series is discharged out of the series, and the predetermined biological treatment series is modified, and then the liquid to be treated is supplied to the predetermined biological treatment series. The conversion method according to claim 1, further comprising a fourth step of operating a predetermined biological treatment sequence as another biological treatment sequence. 別方式の生物処理系列は浸漬型膜分離装置を使用した生物処理系列であることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の生物処理装置の変換方法。 The conversion method of the biological treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the biological treatment series of another type is a biological treatment series using a submerged membrane separation apparatus. 別方式の生物処理系列は浸漬型膜分離装置を使用した生物処理系列であることを特徴とする請求項２に記載の生物処理装置の変換方法。 The conversion method according to claim 2, wherein the biological treatment line of another type is a biological treatment line using a submerged membrane separation apparatus . 浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置は浮上手段が着脱自在であり、
第１工程において投入した浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置を系列外へ取り出し、
取り出した浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置から浮上手段を取り外し、
第２工程において、改造を施した後の他の生物処理系列に、上記浮上手段を取り外した浸漬型膜分離装置を設置することを特徴とする請求項３又は請求項４に記載の生物処理装置の変換方法。 In the floating immersion type membrane separation apparatus, the floating means is detachable,
Take out the floating immersion type membrane separation device introduced in the first step out of the series,
Remove the floatation means from the floatable immersion type membrane separator taken out,
The biological treatment apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, wherein in the second step, the immersion type membrane separation apparatus from which the floating means is removed is installed in another biological treatment series after the modification. How to convert 浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置は浮上手段が着脱自在であり、
第３工程において系列外へ取り出した浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置から浮上手段を取り外し、
第４工程において、改造を施した後の所定の生物処理系列に、上記浮上手段を取り外した浸漬型膜分離装置を設置することを特徴とする請求項４に記載の生物処理装置の変換方法。 In the floating immersion type membrane separation apparatus, the floating means is detachable,
Remove the floating means from the floating immersion type membrane separator taken out of the series in the third step,
The conversion method of the biological treatment apparatus according to claim 4, wherein in the fourth step, the immersion type membrane separation apparatus from which the floating means is removed is installed in a predetermined biological treatment series after the modification . 第１工程において、所定の生物処理系列の既設の散気装置からの散気によって浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置の膜面を洗浄しながら、所定の生物処理系列を、浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置を使用した生物処理系列として運転することを特徴とする請求項１から請求項６のいずれか１項に記載の生物処理装置の変換方法。 In the first step, while the membrane surface of the floating immersion type membrane separation apparatus is cleaned by aeration from the existing air diffuser of the predetermined biological treatment series, the predetermined biological processing series is a floating immersion type membrane The biological processing system conversion method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the separation apparatus is operated as a biological treatment series . 浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置に備えられた浮上手段は、内部に気体を貯留する貯留部を有するとともに、下面に開口部を有し、The levitation means provided in the levitation type immersion type membrane separation apparatus has a reservoir for storing gas inside and an opening on the lower surface,
下方から供給される気体が浮上手段の開口部を通じて貯留部に貯留されることにより、浮上手段が浮力を保持し、浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置が被処理液中に浮かぶことを特徴とする請求項１から請求項７のいずれか１項に記載の生物処理装置の変換方法。The gas supplied from the lower side is stored in the reservoir through the opening of the floating means, so that the floating means holds buoyancy and the floating immersion type membrane separation apparatus floats in the liquid to be treated. The conversion method of the biological treatment apparatus of any one of Claims 1-7. 被処理液を生物処理する生物処理装置を更新するための生物処理装置の更新方法であって、A method of updating a biological treatment apparatus for updating a biological treatment apparatus for biological treatment of a liquid to be treated, comprising:
並列する複数の生物処理系列の少なくとも一つの所定の生物処理系列に、浮上手段を備えて被処理液中に浮かんだ状態で固液分離可能な浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置を投入して、所定の生物処理系列を、浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置を使用した生物処理系列として運転する第１工程と、A floating type immersion type membrane separation apparatus capable of solid-liquid separation in a floating state in a liquid to be treated is provided with floating means to at least one predetermined biological treatment series of a plurality of biological treatment series arranged in parallel; A first step of operating a predetermined biological treatment series as a biological treatment series using a floating immersion type membrane separation apparatus;
浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置が投入されていない他の生物処理系列に貯留される被処理液を系列外に排出し、被処理液を排出した他の生物処理系列を更新した後、他の生物処理系列に被処理液を供給して、他の生物処理系列を運転する第２工程と、  After discharging the treatment liquid stored in the other biological treatment series to which the floating immersion type membrane separation device is not input, and updating the other biological treatment series which has discharged the treatment liquid, the other treatment series A second step of supplying a liquid to be treated to the biological treatment series and operating another biological treatment series;
上記第１工程において浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置を投入した所定の生物処理系列から浮上式の浸漬型膜分離装置を系列外へ取り出す第３工程と、  A third step of taking out the floating immersion type membrane separation device from the predetermined biological treatment series to which the floating type immersion membrane separation device is charged in the first step;
を有することを特徴とする生物処理装置の更新方法。A method of updating a biological treatment apparatus, comprising:
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