JP6584031B1 - elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

An elevator with a short average waiting time for passengers and low power consumption is provided. An elevator which divides a service floor into two sectors, a lower sector including a reference floor of a building and an upper sector, and works between a plurality of floors, and registers a call to a destination floor Storage means 21 for storing information including call occurrence time, arrival time prediction means 25 for predicting arrival time to the floor and destination floor where the call is registered, and the number of passengers in the car. Predicting passenger number predicting means 26, route search means 23 for creating an elevator route candidate and searching for an optimum route from the candidates, and call assignment means 24 for sequentially assigning calls answered according to the optimum route to the elevator A hall information output means 29 installed at the hall for outputting information including boarding guidance and an in-car information output means 18 installed in the car for outputting information including boarding guidance are provided. That. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an elevator that employs a landing destination floor registration system for placing work between a plurality of floors.

Currently, passenger elevators are generally equipped with lift and drop call buttons at the landing, and passengers who have pushed the lift call button in the ascending operation are transported together, and passengers who have pushed the drop call button in the descending operation. It is a driving operation method called selecole (selective collective) that transports cars with each other. In this SeleColle system, the call response is controlled based only on the moving direction of the car, the direction of the call, and the positional relationship between the call and the car, and as long as the car is not crowded even if it is crowded, Passengers who move in the same direction as the direction are taken together, and the greater the number of passengers that ride, the shorter the service time required per passenger and the more efficient.
For example, with regard to SeleColle, an upward landing button provided on one side of the landing entrance, a downward landing button provided on the other side of the landing entrance, and a proximity landing button provided near the upward landing button. An upper direction notification device that notifies an upward direction when detected, and a lower direction notification device that is provided in the vicinity of the downward direction landing button and notifies a downward direction when a approaching passenger is detected, and the upward direction notification device is an upward direction After detecting that the passenger has further approached, after registering the upward hall call and notifying that the upward hall call has been registered, on the other hand, after the downward notification device has notified the downward direction Furthermore, there is provided an elevator call registration device for registering a downward hall call and notifying that a downward hall call has been registered when it is detected that a user has approached (see Patent Document 1).

JP 2005-162463 A

However, in the case of the SeleColle method, even if the inside of the car is congested, as long as it is not full, only passengers moving in the same direction as the moving direction of the car will be ridden, and when there is traffic in two directions up and down, either in the up or down direction The number of people waiting for boarding increases, and the number of passengers increases along with it, so that only passengers who are forward-calling are boarded, and passengers who are calling backwards and behind-the-scenes are left unloaded. In addition, the problem is that the average waiting time for passengers deteriorates because the number of stops increases and the average round trip time increases because the number of passengers increases, so that the passenger can get on the vehicle if the direction is the same as the direction of car movement regardless of the destination floor. There is.
In addition, because the number of stops increases due to congestion in the car during times of heavy traffic, the average round trip time becomes even longer and the average waiting time for passengers not only worsens, but also the car with a large capacity There is a problem that power consumption increases as it becomes necessary.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an elevator with a short average waiting time for passengers and low power consumption.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention according to claim 1 is provided with a control device that divides a service floor into two sectors, a lower sector including a reference floor of a building and an upper sector, and puts a service between a plurality of floors. An elevator which is provided at a landing on the service floor, and a call registration means for a passenger to register a call to a destination floor, and a storage means for storing information including a call occurrence time registered by the call registration means; , Arrival time prediction means for predicting the arrival time to the floor where the call is registered by the call registration means and the arrival time to the destination floor for each route of the elevator, and in the car between the stop floors for each route and the number of passengers predicting means for predicting the number of passengers, to create a candidate path of the elevator based on the call is registered by the call registration device, from among the candidates, to the storage means The weighting coefficient for the evaluation value of the average waiting time of the passengers calculated based on the information including the call generation time stored in advance and the arrival time predicted by the arrival time prediction means to the floor where the call is registered And the evaluation value of the power consumption of the elevator calculated based on the information including the number of passengers in the car predicted by the passenger number predicting means multiplied by the weighting coefficient is the smallest. If the car is a one-way doorway that can open and close only the front door, the passenger can get off in the reverse order of boarding, and the car can open and close the front and back doors and route searching means for searching for a route to get off in the order of boarding passengers as the best path in the case of entrance and sequentially the elevator a call to be answered according to the optimal route searched by said route searching means Call allocation means to be allocated; landing information output means installed at the hall for outputting information including boarding guidance to the car; and installed within the car for outputting information including boarding guidance from the car. In-car information output means is provided.

In the invention according to claim 2, the evaluation value of the average waiting time of the passenger is half of the sum of products of the average arrival rate of the passenger in each call responding to each candidate and the square of the unanswered time of the call. Divided by the sum of the products of the average arrival rate of passengers and the unanswered time of the call, the average arrival rate of the passengers using the inverse of the sample average of a given call non-occurrence time as a maximum likelihood estimate, The call unanswered time is a time from a call occurrence time stored in the storage means to an arrival time at the registered floor of the call predicted by the arrival time prediction means. .

In the invention according to claim 3, the evaluation value of the power consumption of the elevator is an absolute value of a difference between the number of passengers by the passenger number predicting means and half of the capacity of the car in each travel between the stop floors for each candidate. The total number of traveling floors multiplied by the number of passengers by the passenger number prediction means, using the product of the average arrival rate of the passengers at the stop floor and the unanswered time of the call as an estimate of the number of passengers, It is calculated by using the estimated number of people getting off when the stop floor is the destination floor of the candidate as an estimated value of the number of people getting off.

In the invention according to claim 4, when the number of passengers is predicted to exceed half of the capacity of the car at the lower floor of the service floor by the passenger number prediction means, the hall information output means and the call assignment means When the number of passengers in the lower floor is controlled to be less than half of the capacity of the car, and the number of passengers is predicted to be less than half of the capacity of the car in the upper floor of the service floor Is controlled by the hall information output means and the call assignment means so that the number of passengers on the upper floor is more than half of the capacity of the car.

  The elevator of the present invention employs a landing destination floor registration method, and multiplies the evaluation value of the average waiting time of the passengers by a weighting factor from among the elevator route candidates, and multiplies the evaluation value of the power consumption of the elevator by the weighting factor. Since the optimization control for searching for a route that minimizes the sum of the vehicle and the vehicle is performed, there is an advantage that the average waiting time for passengers is short and power consumption is low.

It is a block diagram which shows the internal structure of the control apparatus of an elevator. It is a flowchart which shows the process regarding allocation of the call of an elevator.

  Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

First, the meaning of terms used in the following description will be described.
A call is a combination of a passenger's departure floor and a destination floor registered by the passenger at the departure floor landing, and a call is a pair of the departure floor and the destination floor.
An up call is a call where the destination floor is above the departure floor. A down call is a call where the destination floor is below the departure floor.
A forward call is a forward call in the same direction as the moving direction of a car, that is, the moving direction of a passenger on board. The reverse call is a call in the direction opposite to the moving direction of the car. A rear call is a call behind the car in the same direction as the car moving.
The previous call is a call whose destination floor matches the departure floor of another call. A later call is a call in which the departure floor matches the destination floor of another call. The getting-on / off-match call is a combination of a front call and a back call where the destination floor of one call and the departure floor of another call are the same.
The departure floor matching call is a combination of calls that match the departure floor. The destination floor matching call is a combination of calls that match the destination floor. A single call is a call that does not correspond to any destination floor match call, departure floor match call, or boarding / exit floor match call.
SeleColle is an abbreviation of Selective Collective, which refers to a driving operation method in which only passengers in the driving direction of an elevator are allowed to respond to only forward calls, but passengers in the reverse direction are left behind. Post-selective is an abbreviation for post-selective collective, and a call button for registering the destination floor is installed at the hall so that passengers in the direction opposite to the elevator's driving direction can also board in response to reverse calls and back calls. Refers to the driving method. The driving operation method employed in this embodiment is a post-selector system which is a driving operation system in which the defects of the selected object are improved.
RTT is an abbreviation of round trip time and means the average round trip time of an elevator.
The one-way doorway is an elevator car doorway that can open and close only the front door. The two-way through doorway is an elevator car doorway that can open and close the front and back doors.

The elevator in the present embodiment is an elevator in which a service floor is divided into two sectors, a lower sector including a reference floor of a building and an upper sector, and a control device is installed between a plurality of floors. FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the internal structure of this control apparatus.
The elevator is provided at a landing on each floor of the service floor, a call registration unit 11 where a passenger registers a call to the destination floor, a car position detection unit 12 that detects the position of the car, and a destination direction that is a moving direction of the car. Car direction detection unit 13, car speed detection unit 14 that detects the moving speed of the car, operation stop detection unit 15 that detects whether the operation is stopped due to a failure, etc., whether passengers get on and off the car, and the number of people getting on and off Boarding / alighting detection unit 16 for detecting the load, a load detection unit 17 for detecting the load in the car, an in-car information output unit 18 installed in the car for outputting information including getting-off guidance from the car, other devices, etc. By a communication unit 19 that communicates with the vehicle, a control unit 20 that controls and judges the driving operation of the car based on various input signals, and moves the car to the departure floor and destination floor of the passenger, and the call registration unit 11 Registered A storage unit 21 for storing information including the time of occurrence of an accident, a time measuring unit 22 for measuring time, a route searching unit 23 for searching for an optimum route by obtaining an evaluation value of an average waiting time of passengers and an evaluation value of power consumption of an elevator The call assignment unit 24 that sequentially assigns calls answered according to the optimum route searched by the route search unit 23 to the elevator, and the arrival time at the floor and the destination floor where the call is registered by the call registration unit 11 for each elevator route Predicting arrival time predicting unit 25, passenger number predicting unit 26 predicting the number of passengers in the car between stop floors for each route, driving unit 27 for driving a motor that is a drive source of an elevator, and by operating a brake, A braking unit 28 that brakes rotation, a landing information output unit 29 installed at the landing to output information including boarding guidance to the car, etc. To have.

In the present embodiment, a landing destination floor registration method is adopted in order to determine a response route and to reduce the number of stops and RTT. In the case of the up-and-down call button type selecole, the destination floor was not confirmed until the passenger got in the car after registering the call and registered the destination floor in the car, whereas in the landing destination floor registration system, The feature is that the destination floor is fixed at the time of call registration.
In this embodiment, the call registration unit 11 is installed only at the landing and not in the car. The call registration unit 11 is configured by, for example, a touch panel, and a passenger has a display unit that can display information on a display screen such as a liquid crystal display, and a character input key including operation buttons or numbers and symbols displayed on the display screen. And an input unit that can input input information corresponding to the touched operation button or character input key. The input unit of the call registration unit 11, that is, the operation button displayed on the touch panel includes at least a destination floor selection button for selecting a destination floor, and preferably an open extension button for extending the time during which the door is open, A menu display button for displaying a screen for selecting a setting screen for performing various settings, a menu selection button for selecting an item in the menu, and the like are included.

The storage unit 21 is a storage unit, and is configured by a storage device such as a semiconductor memory or a magnetic disk device, for example, and stores information including a call occurrence time registered by the call registration unit 11. More specifically, the registered call is stored in association with the registered floor and the registered time, and the call is answered in the order of occurrence, such as the time of occurrence, departure floor, destination floor, unanswered or answering. The information is stored in the storage unit 21 as a list together with information on the state, the boarding / exiting status of passengers, getting off, etc., the sector to which the departure floor belongs, the sector to which the destination floor belongs, and the like. And after a passenger gets off at a destination floor, it is deleted from this list.
The information stored in the storage unit 21 includes a program executed by the control unit 20, reference floor information indicating a reference floor to which the car is moved when a time when the car is stopped exceeds a predetermined time, It also includes return time information indicating a return time that is a predetermined time, maintenance information used for maintenance, and the like.
As the reference floor, one reference floor serving as a reference among a plurality of floors of the building is set in advance. Such a reference floor is set according to the traffic pattern of the car.
The time measuring unit 22 measures time and outputs information based on the current time to the control unit 20 based on a command from the control unit 20.

  The hall information output unit 29 for registering the destination floor by the call registration unit 11 and guiding the passengers waiting for boarding to the car in order to board the passengers sequentially for each destination floor and to control the number of passengers Is provided. For example, on the 5th floor, if you are going to board passengers with the 6th floor as the destination floor and then the 7th floor as the destination floor, firstly, "Guests who go to the 6th floor, please get on." Please go on board if you are going to. " And if boarding of the passenger of guidance object is confirmed by boarding / alighting detection part 16 after boarding guidance, a call will be reset and boarding guidance of the next passenger will be performed after a predetermined time. The information output by the hall information output unit 29 includes information on arrival time at the destination floor predicted by the arrival time prediction unit 25 for the call registered by the call registration unit 11.

  The information output by the car information output unit 18 is, for example, information on the car status, the number of passengers in the car, warning information when the number of passengers in the car is likely to exceed a predetermined value, Travel route information, predicted time information indicating the estimated time until the car will arrive, arrival notice information for notifying the arrival of the car, open door waiting time information indicating the time until the open door closes, moving car Current floor information indicating the floor where the current location is located, destination floor information indicating the planned stoppage floor of the destination, stop floor information indicating the floor where the car is stopped, failure information related to failure, maintenance information used for maintenance, etc. May be included. The information output by the car information output unit 18 arrives at the scheduled stop floor predicted by the arrival time prediction unit 25 and the information on the planned stop floor corresponding to the call allocated by the call allocation unit 24. Information on the time required until is included.

The in-car information output unit 18 that guides the passengers who get on the car guided by the hall information output unit 29 to get off at the destination floor is installed on the upper frame of the door in the car, and the arrival floor is defined as the destination floor. When there are passengers who want to get there, they give guidance that they have arrived at the destination floor and guide them to get off. For example, a guidance voice output unit that outputs a guidance voice and a guidance display output unit that displays various information. Since the passenger's destination floor is stored in the storage unit 21 when it is registered by the call registration unit 11, the car information output unit 18, for example, arrives on the 5th floor, “Arrive on the 5th floor. If you are not, please wait. ”
However, the guidance by the car information output unit 18 is not limited to such simple guidance, and information about getting off may be provided by adding more information to the passengers. For example, when a car departs from the second floor and stops and travels in the order of the third floor, the fourth floor, the fifth floor, and the second floor, 4th floor, 5th floor, 2nd floor. "When you arrive on the 3rd floor, output" Stop on the 3rd floor "and when you leave the 3rd floor," Next is the 4th floor, 5th floor, "Stops in the order of the 2nd floor." Is output. When the 4th floor arrives, "Stops on the 4th floor" is output. Upon departure from the 4th floor, "Next stops in the order of the 5th floor and 2nd floor." When you arrive on the 5th floor, output “Stop on the 5th floor”, and when you leave the 5th floor, output “Next stop on the 2nd floor.” When you arrive on the 2nd floor, “Stop on the 2nd floor. Is output. Thus, not only the arrival floor immediately after the car but also information such as a series of future arrival orders may be guided in advance to inform the passengers.

As described above, the in-car information output unit 18 outputs information based on the stop order of the car, so that a passenger who has boarded can recognize the stop order in advance. In this embodiment, there is a case where a passenger in the reverse direction instead of the stop order according to the moving direction of the car as in the conventional selecole may be picked up, so by outputting the stop order of the car, the passenger It can be recognized in advance. As a result, even if the stop order is appropriately determined as in post-selector collection, the passenger can use the elevator with peace of mind.
Information output by the guidance voice output means and the guidance display output means includes the current floor information indicating the floor where the moving car is currently located, the destination floor information indicating the future planned stoppage floor, and the stop order to the destination floor. Stop order information indicating travel time information indicating the travel time to the destination floor, stop floor information indicating the floor where the car is stopped, failure information related to failure, or maintenance information used for maintenance good.

  The boarding / alighting detection unit 16 that detects the presence / absence of passengers on the car and the number of passengers detects the boarding / alighting direction of the passengers with two photoelectric tube sensors installed on the door in order to detect the passengers getting on / off the car. . Thus, the passenger boarding and getting out of the car is detected, and the information is used for the next boarding guidance start timing, call reset, and response phase transition timing.

In the present embodiment, the movement of the passenger to each destination floor in the control unit 20 is such that when the elevator car is a one-way entrance that can open and close only the front door, the passenger is dismounted in the reverse order of boarding. In the case of a two-way entrance that allows the front and back doors to be opened and closed, passengers are to be dismounted in the order of boarding. Therefore, since there is only a passenger who gets off at the destination floor in front of you at the destination floor, it is possible to get off smoothly and safely without scraping the surrounding passengers, so it is possible for the elderly and disabled people to get off when the car is crowded Safety at the time can be improved.
Thus, the present invention can be retrofitted to an elevator according to the present invention even in an existing building that currently employs an elevator equipped with a one-way entrance and a two-way entrance / exit car.

In the case of SeleColle, the passengers were picked up in order from the call closest to the car in the forward call until they were full, regardless of the destination floor, and were taken off in order from the passenger on the destination floor closest to the current floor of the car. The reverse call reverses the driving direction and waits until it responds to the floor, while the back call reverses twice and then waits until it responds to the floor. Therefore, the number of people waiting for the landing increases as the traffic volume increases. As a result, the car stops on the departure floor and the destination floor of the call and operates while getting on and off passengers. However, the number of passengers is larger than the number of passengers and the number of passengers increases, so the inside of the car becomes congested.
Moreover, since passengers heading for various destination floors, including passengers heading farther than passengers, are mixed between the entrances and exits of passengers and cars, the surrounding passengers are separated on the destination floor where passengers get off. However, it was difficult for elderly people and people with physical disabilities to get off, and there was a risk of falling.

Looking at the traffic demand at the peak in two directions such as lunch, the concentration rate for 5 minutes in both directions is 12%, so the installation plan is appropriate for the average passenger incidence per vehicle in each direction. In this case, the resident population per vehicle is about 250 people, so 0.12 × 250/300 = 0.1 people / second. Since the RTT is about 240 seconds, about 24 people in both directions arrive at the landing during the RTT.
Since the traffic between the standard floor and the general floor is 90% and the traffic between the general floor and the general floor is about 10%, 22 people from the reference floor and sector 2 from the reference floor and sector 1 during the RTT 2 from the same upward direction in the same sector 1 as the upward direction in the same sector 1 from the second sector, from the sector 1 to the reference floor and 22 from the reference floor from the sector 2, the lower in the same sector 1 from the sector 2 to the sector 1 Two people arrive in the downward direction in the same sector 2 as the direction. Equilibrium conditions can be met if these passengers can be transported below RTT.
For that purpose, it is necessary to service in less than 10 seconds on average per passenger, but since 22 people can be served as destination floor matching calls or departure floor matching calls, they can be serviced in an average of 6.3 seconds per person. For two people, even if both are stopped twice as a single call, they can be serviced in an average of 26 seconds per person, so the average service time per person is 6.3 × 0.9 + 26 × 0.1 = 8.27 Seconds and less than 10 seconds.

  By the way, in the conventional selecore, passengers in the same direction as the car driving direction get on, so if the number of service floors excluding the standard floor is N, the probability that the passenger's destination floor is the floor of interest is 1 / N. It was. Post-SeleColle divides the service floor other than the standard floor of the building into 2 sectors, and repeats the operation in which the passengers in the same sector on the destination floor get on each other by switching the sectors, and passengers moving in the sector also get on the destination sector Therefore, the probability that the destination floor or the departure floor is the floor of interest in the sector is 2 / N, the probability that the departure floor of the passenger matches, the probability that the destination floor matches, or the probability that the boarding / exiting floor matches is doubled. Since the number of hits per hit can be reduced and the RTT can be shortened, the average waiting time (RTT / 2) can be shortened.

A call is a pair of a departure floor and a destination floor. Here, the call is expressed as (departure floor, destination floor). For example, a call with the third floor as the departure floor and the fifth floor as the destination floor is represented as (3, 5). When the current floor of the car is the first floor, the response path is in the order of the first floor, the third floor, and the fifth floor. A single call response requires two runs from the first floor to the third floor and from the third floor to the fifth floor.
The destination floor matching call is a combination of calls that match the destination floor. For example, when there is a call of (3, 5) (1, 5), the destination floor of (3, 5) and the destination floor of (1, 5) are both coincident on the fifth floor. The response paths are in the order of the first floor, the third floor, the fifth floor or the third floor, the first floor, and the fifth floor, and which path is selected depends on the value of the evaluation function of the half-circle path including these. In the case of a destination floor matching call, if the destination floor of the next call is the destination floor of a passenger who gets off in the sector next time, it moves to the departure floor of the next call and gets on. In the case of a destination floor coincidence call, the passengers on the same destination floor are continuously boarded by responding continuously to all the departure floors in order from the departure floor closest to the current floor, and finally responding to those destination floors. For example, when the current floor is the second floor and there is a call of (3, 1) (5, 1) (7, 1), responses are made in the order of the third floor, the fifth floor, the seventh floor, and the first floor. When there is a call combination in which the destination floor matches the call on the destination floor registered by the call registration unit 11, the control unit 20 moves the car so that passengers of the call get on continuously.

The departure floor matching call is a combination of calls that match the departure floor. For example, when there is a call of (3, 1) (3, 5), the departure floor of (3, 1) and the departure floor of (3, 5) are both coincident with the third floor. The response paths are in the order of the third floor, the first floor, and the fifth floor, or the third floor, the fifth floor, and the first floor, and which path is selected depends on the value of the evaluation function of the half-circle path including these. In the case of a departure floor matching call, if the next floors have the same departure floor, they move to that departure floor and board in order. In the case of a departure floor matching call, the destination floor is boarded in order from the passenger closest to the departure floor. Passengers whose destination floor matches the boarding / exiting floor match get on ahead of passengers whose destination floor matches the destination floor. This is because the response to the departure floor of the call needs to precede the response to the destination floor. When there are a plurality of departure floor matching calls, responses are made in order from the departure floor of the departure floor matching calls close to the current floor in accordance with the determined response order.
The getting-on / off-match call is a combination of a front call and a back call where the destination floor of one call and the departure floor of another call are the same. For example, if there is a call of (1, 3) (3, 5), the exit floor of (1, 3) and the boarding floor of (3, 5) match on the third floor, and the current floor of the car is the first floor In this case, the response path is in the order of the first floor, the third floor, and the fifth floor. In the case of a call that matches the boarding / exiting floor, if the departure floor of the next call is the destination floor of the next passenger to get off in the sector, the passenger moves to the departure floor and gets on after the passenger gets off. In the case of a call that matches a boarding / alighting floor, responses are made in the order of the departure floor of the previous call, the destination floor of the previous call (that is, the departure floor of the subsequent call), and the destination floor of the subsequent call. When there are a plurality of matching calls for getting on and off the floor, responses are made in order from the departure floor of the previous call close to the current floor. In the case of a call that matches the boarding / exiting floor, the passenger of the previous call gets on the passenger of the subsequent call after getting off at the destination floor of the previous call (that is, the departure floor of the subsequent call).

  For example, if the destination floor match call, departure floor match call, and boarding / exit floor match call are combined, for example, if there is a call of (3, 1) (3, 5) (1, 5), the shortest route is 3 It becomes the order of the first floor, the first floor, the fifth floor. (3, 1) (3, 5) corresponds to departure floor match call, (3, 1) (1, 5) corresponds to boarding / exit floor match call, and (3, 5) (1, 5) corresponds to destination floor match call . In other cases, the passenger moves to the destination floor of the next passenger to get off in the sector, gets off the passenger, and if there is a next call, moves to the departure floor and gets on. In the case of movement to another sector, there is no passenger getting on and off in the sector, and if there is a passenger getting on and off in another sector, the passenger moves to another sector.

If the elevator lift is on the 10th floor, the maximum number of routes is 10! = 3628800 ways, even if the estimated arrival time and evaluation value per route per route can be calculated in 1 millisecond, it takes more than 1 hour to calculate all routes in order to find the optimal route Therefore, it is not suitable as an operation control device for an elevator that must perform real-time control. Dividing the ascending / descending stroke into 2 sectors, the route type is 5! × 5! = 14400, approaching practical use, but considering the calculation time of the evaluation function, there are still too many types of paths.
However, if the number of floors in both the upper and lower sectors is 5 floors, the number of combinations of paths in the transitional transport phase is 5! The number of response path combinations in the shared transport phase can be classified into a subset with a fixed response order, which is a maximum of 4! It is. In this way, by providing the shared transportation phase, the maximum number of combinations of response paths for half-round operation is 5! × 4! = 2880 types and optimum routes can be suppressed to a scale that can be calculated in real time, and combined explosions can be prevented.

In this embodiment, the service floor is divided into two sectors, a lower sector including the reference floor of the building and an upper layer sector. Of the lower sectors, the service floor other than the reference floor is sector 1, and the upper sector is sector 2. .
In that case, sector 2 which is an upper layer sector can be classified into the following five sub-sectors.
First, in a call registered by the call registration unit 11, a call in which the departure floor is a floor or a reference floor in the sector 1 and a destination floor is a floor in the sector 2, and a departure floor is in the sector 2 The sub-sector 1 and the second sector of the upper sector, which are the matching floors when the call getting-on / off floors that are the floors and the destination floor is the floor in the sector 1 or the reference floor, are registered by the call registration unit 11 In the call, the departure floor is in the sector 2 and the destination floor is the floor in the sector 1 or the reference floor. In the call registered by the call registration unit 11, the destination floor of the call in which the departure floor is the floor or the reference floor in the sector 1 and the destination floor is the floor in the sector 2 other than the sub-sector 1 of the upper sector. Upper floor Kuta sub-sectors 3 and 4 are calls registered by the call registration unit 11, and the departure floor of the call in which the departure floor is the floor in the sector 2 and the destination floor is the floor in the sector 2. Subsectors 4 and 5 of the upper sector, which are floors other than subsector 1, subsector 2, and subsector 3, in the call registered by call registration unit 11, the starting floor is the floor in sector 2 and the destination floor is Sub-sector 1, sub-sector 2, sub-sector 3, and sub-sector 5 of the upper-layer sector other than sub-sector 4 on the destination floor of the call, which is the floor in sector 2.
The priority order of responses in the upper layer sector is the order of subsector 1 of the upper layer sector, subsector 3 of the upper layer sector, subsector 4 of the upper layer sector, subsector 5 of the upper layer sector, and subsector 2 of the upper layer sector.

Next, the lower sector, sector 1 and the reference floor, can be classified into the following five sub-sectors.
First, in a call registered by the call registration unit 11, a call in which the departure floor is a floor in the sector 2 and the destination floor is a floor in the sector 1 or a reference floor, and the departure floor is in the sector 1 The sub-sectors 1 and 2 of the lower sector, which are the matching floors when the call getting-on / off floors that are the floors or the reference floors and the destination floors are the floors in the sector 2, are registered by the call registration unit 11 In the call, the sub-sector 2 of the lower sector, which is a floor other than the sub-sector 1 of the lower sector and the third floor of the lower sector, the third floor of the call in which the departure floor is the floor or the reference floor in the sector 1 and the destination floor is the floor in the sector 2 In the call registered by the call registration unit 11, the destination floor of the call whose departure floor is the floor in the sector 2 and whose destination floor is the floor in the sector 1 or the reference floor is a sub-sector 1 other than the sub-sector 1 of the lower sector. Lower floor that is the floor Kuta sub-sectors 3 and 4 are calls registered by the call registration unit 11 in which the departure floor is the floor or the reference floor in the sector 1 and the destination floor is the floor or the reference floor in the sector 1 Sub-sectors 4 and 5 of the lower-level sector, which are floors other than sub-sector 1, sub-sector 2, and sub-sector 3, are the floors in sector 1 in the call registered by call registration unit 11. Or sub-sector 5 of the lower sector, which is a floor other than sub-sector 1, sub-sector 2, sub-sector 3, and sub-sector 4 of the lower-level sector on the destination floor of the reference floor and the destination floor is the floor in sector 1 or the reference floor, It is.
The priority order of responses in the lower layer sector is the order of sub sector 1 of the lower layer sector, sub sector 3 of the lower layer sector, sub sector 4 of the lower layer sector, sub sector 5 of the lower layer sector, and sub sector 2 of the lower layer sector.

The elevator in the present embodiment alternately moves between the divided lower layer sector and upper layer sector, and alternately repeats the lower layer sector mode and the upper layer sector mode.
There are the following five types of calls assigned by the call assignment unit 24 in the lower sector-oriented mode.
First, the departure floor is the floor in sector 2 and the destination floor is the floor in sector 1 or the reference floor, and the second is the departure floor in the sub-sector 2 of the upper sector and the destination floor Is the floor in sector 2, the third is the departure floor is the floor in sector 2 and the destination floor is the floor in sub-sector 2 of the upper sector, and the fourth is the departure floor is in the lower sector Called the floor in sub-sector 3, sub-sector 4 or sub-sector 5 and the destination floor is the floor or reference floor in sector 1, and the fifth is the departure floor is the floor or reference floor in sector 1 and the destination floor Are sub-sector 3, sub-sector 4 or sub-sector 5 of the lower sector.

Next, the following five types of calls are allocated by the call allocation unit 24 in the upper-layer sector-oriented mode.
The first is that the departure floor is the floor or reference floor in sector 1 and the destination floor is the floor in sector 2. The second is the departure floor is the floor in sub-sector 2 of the lower sector and the destination floor Is the floor in sector 1 or the reference floor, the third is the departure floor is the floor or reference floor in sector 1 and the destination floor is the floor in sub-sector 2 of the lower sector, and the fourth is The departure floor is a floor in the sub-sector 3, sub-sector 4 or sub-sector 5 of the upper sector and the destination floor is a floor in the sector 2. Fifth, the departure floor is a floor in the sector 2 and the destination floor Are sub-sector 3, sub-sector 4 or sub-sector 5 of the upper sector.

In each of these response route candidates, the route search unit 23 predicts the call response time and the number of waiting people, and searches for a route that minimizes the value of the evaluation function based on the average waiting time of passengers and the power consumption of the elevator. To do. This route is updated from time to time as new calls occur or long waits occur. Next, the optimum route of the shared transportation phase after the transition is obtained, and the response order of the departure floor is determined so that the passenger can get off according to the route.
As the evaluation function, a sum of a value obtained by multiplying the evaluation value of the average waiting time of the passenger by the weighting coefficient and a value obtained by multiplying the evaluation value of the power consumption of the elevator by the weighting coefficient is used. The weighting coefficient is determined by how much importance is attached to the reduction of the average waiting time and the reduction of power consumption in each elevator.
The evaluation value of the average waiting time is half the sum of the products of the average passenger arrival rate and the square of the call unanswered time in each call responding on the route, the passenger average arrival rate and the call unanswered time. It is the value divided by the sum total of the products.
For the average arrival rate of passengers, the reciprocal of the sample average of the non-occurrence time of a predetermined call is obtained and used as the maximum likelihood estimate of the average arrival rate of passengers for each departure floor and destination floor. The predetermined call non-occurrence time is, for example, the call non-occurrence time in the latest 15 minutes.
The call unanswered time is the time from the call occurrence time stored in the storage unit 21 to the registered floor of the call predicted by the arrival time prediction unit 25, that is, the arrival time of the call at the departure floor. is there.
Then, the call unanswered time multiplied by the average arrival rate of passengers at the departure and destination floors is the expected number of people waiting for each call, and the waiting time when the call arrives at the departure floor along the route. Since the number of people can be estimated, the number of passengers on the departure floor can be predicted, and the number of people getting off when arriving at the destination floor can be predicted.

The power consumption of the elevator is proportional to the speed and proportional to the unbalanced load. The unbalanced load is proportional to the car capacity / 2-the number of passengers. The speed is approximately proportional to the travel distance, and the travel distance is proportional to the travel floor. Therefore, (capacity / 2-passenger number) × traveling floor number is approximately proportional to power consumption. However, the power consumption is calculated based on (number of passengers−capacity / 2) × number of traveling floors in the upward direction, and (capacity / 2−number of passengers) × number of traveling floors in the downward direction. If the power consumption becomes negative, it becomes regenerative power. The number of passengers is calculated by a passenger number prediction unit 26 that predicts the number of passengers in the car between the stop floors for each route based on the number of passengers and the number of passengers getting off at each floor.
Therefore, the evaluation value of power consumption is (total number of passengers-capacity / 2) x total number of floors when traveling in the upward direction, and (capacity / 2-number of passengers) * number of floors when traveling in the downward direction. The sum total is the evaluation value of power consumption. Therefore, the evaluation value of power consumption is the total sum of values obtained by multiplying the absolute value of the difference between the number of passengers and half of the capacity of the car in each travel between the stop floors on the route by the travel floor number.
The reciprocal of the sample average of a predetermined call occurrence time is the maximum likelihood estimate of the average arrival rate λij of passengers whose i-th floor is the departure floor and j-th floor is the destination floor, and the average passenger arrival rate λ _ij The product of the non-response time t _ij is an estimated value of the number of passengers. Then, evaluation value of the average waiting time of passengers is calculated by (lambda _ij × t _ij ² / the total 2) / (sum of λ _ij × t _ij).

In the SeleColle method, one round operation is composed of two phases of ascending operation and descending operation. However, in this embodiment, the service floor is divided into two sectors, an upper layer sector and a lower sector, and the round operation is divided into each sector. It consists of a total of four phases: a transition transportation phase to and a shared transportation phase for each sector. When a one-way entrance car is applied, the reverse boarding method is used, and the waiting time and waiting number of passengers are predicted and controlled using the features of the landing destination floor registration method to reduce the average waiting time and power consumption. Responds to calls registered on the route with the smallest value of the evaluation function based on.
Since calls are generated continuously, in this embodiment, the up-and-down process is divided into two sectors, half-round operation responding to calls with the destination floor in the lower lower sector, and the destination floor in the upper upper sector A half-turn operation that answers a call is repeated alternately to make one-turn operation and answer all registered calls.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing processing related to elevator call assignment.
After the start of implementation (step S101), a passenger who wants to use the elevator is provided at the service floor landing by the call registration unit 11, and the passenger registers a call to the destination floor (step S102).
Next, based on the call registered by the call registration unit 11, the route search unit 23 creates an elevator route candidate (step S103).
Next, the arrival time to the floor and the destination floor where the call is registered by the call registration unit 11 is predicted for each route of the elevator by the arrival time prediction unit 25 (step S104).
And the evaluation value of a passenger's average waiting time is calculated about each candidate of the route of an elevator (step S105). The evaluation value of the average passenger waiting time is half the sum of the product of the average passenger arrival rate and the square of the unanswered call time for each call responding to each elevator route candidate. The average arrival rate of passengers is the inverse of the sample average of a given call non-occurrence time as the maximum likelihood estimate, and the call non-response time is stored in the storage unit. 21 is the time from the call occurrence time stored in 21 to the registered floor of the call predicted by the arrival time prediction unit 25, that is, the arrival time of the call at the departure floor.
Next, the passenger number prediction unit 26 predicts the number of passengers in the car between the stop floors for each elevator route (step S106).
And the evaluation value of the power consumption of an elevator is calculated about each candidate of an elevator route (step S107). The evaluation value of the power consumption of the elevator is an absolute value of a difference between the number of passengers predicted by the passenger number prediction unit 26 in each traveling between the stop floors for each elevator route candidate and half of the capacity of the car. The number of passengers by the passenger number prediction unit 26 uses the product of the average arrival rate of passengers at the stop floor and the unanswered call time as an estimate of the number of passengers, and the stop floor is the route of the elevator It is calculated by using the estimated number of people getting off at the destination floor in the candidate of No. as an estimated value of the number of people getting off.
Further, the route search unit 23 selects an optimum route from the elevator route candidates based on the evaluation value of the average waiting time of the passenger calculated in step S105 and the evaluation value of the power consumption of the elevator calculated in step S107. Search is performed (step S108). More specifically, from the elevator route candidates created in step S103, the evaluation value of the average waiting time of the passenger is multiplied by the weighting factor, and the evaluation value of the power consumption of the elevator is multiplied by the weighting factor. If the elevator car is a one-way doorway where the elevator car can open and close only the front door, the passengers get off in the reverse order of the boarding, and the car opens and closes the front and back doors. In the case of a two-way entrance / exit where the passenger can travel, the route search unit 23 searches for a route that allows passengers to get off in the order of boarding as an optimum route.
Next, calls that are answered according to the optimum route searched by the route search unit 23 are sequentially assigned to the elevator by the call assignment unit 24 (step S109), and the process ends (step S110).

  The evaluation function is not limited to using the sum of the value obtained by multiplying the evaluation value of the average waiting time of the passenger by the weighting factor and the value obtained by multiplying the evaluation value of the power consumption of the elevator by the weighting factor, For example, a value obtained by multiplying the evaluation value of the average waiting time of the passenger by a weighting factor, a value obtained by multiplying the evaluation value of the power consumption of the elevator by the weighting factor, and an evaluation value of the sum total of delays in the estimated arrival time of the elevator are assigned a weighting factor. You may use the sum of the multiplied value. The sum of the delays in the estimated arrival time of the elevator is the estimated arrival time of the passenger to the destination floor and the route search predicted by the arrival time prediction unit 25 when the call registration unit 11 registers the call to the destination floor. This is calculated by comparing the estimated arrival time to the destination floor of the passenger predicted by the arrival time prediction unit 25 when searching for the optimum route from among the elevator route candidates including calls that have subsequently occurred. The delay is the sum for each destination floor on the route.

If the vehicle stops outside the door zone on the intermediate floor, JIS requires that it be automatically moved to the nearest floor by rescue operation, and confinement is prevented when it stops outside the door open zone on the intermediate floor. If the final limit switch is activated by suddenly stopping the rope floor when the safety device is activated on the end floor, etc., and pushing up or down and the final limit switch operates, passengers will be trapped. . As described above, conventionally, there are insufficient measures for preventing confinement when the vehicle stops outside the door opening zone on the lower and upper floors.
Therefore, in this embodiment, when the passenger number prediction unit 26 predicts that the number of passengers will exceed half of the car capacity on the lower floor of the service floor, the hall information output unit 29 and the call assignment unit 24 If the number of passengers is controlled to be less than half of the capacity of the car and the number of passengers is predicted to be less than half of the capacity of the car on the upper floor of the service floor, the hall information output unit 29 The call assignment unit 24 controls the number of passengers on the upper floor to be more than half of the capacity of the car. Thus, the elevator can be prevented from being pushed up and pushed down, and higher safety can be ensured.
The bottom floor and the top floor will be described by taking a 10-story building as an example. If the reference floor is the first floor, sector 1 is the second floor to the fifth floor, and sector 2 is the sixth floor to the tenth floor, the lower floor is the first floor and the upper floor is the tenth floor.
The passenger number predicting unit 26 uses the product of the average arrival rate of passengers on the stop floor and the unanswered call time as an estimated value of the number of passengers, and is scheduled to get off when the stop floor is the destination floor in the route candidate. The number of passengers is predicted by using as an estimate of the number of people getting off. The average arrival rate of passengers uses the reciprocal of the sample average of a predetermined call non-occurrence time as a maximum likelihood estimate, and the call non-response time is determined from the call occurrence time stored in the storage unit 21 to the arrival time prediction unit. The time until the predicted arrival time at each floor when answering the call registered along each route predicted by 25 is calculated.
In this way, the passenger number predicting unit 26 uses the function of predicting the number of passengers in the car to prevent the ropes from being pushed up or pushed down by the rope slip when the safety device is activated. Gravity can be used as a power source for rescue operation even when stopped.

The effect in the present embodiment will be described.
First, the elevator according to the present embodiment employs a landing destination floor registration method, and is obtained by multiplying an evaluation value of an average waiting time of passengers from a candidate for an elevator route by a weighting factor and an evaluation value of power consumption of the elevator. Since optimization control is performed to search for a route that minimizes the sum of the value multiplied by the weighting coefficient, the average waiting time of passengers is shorter and the power consumption is lower than that of the elevator of the selecore type.
Secondly, even in a building where elevators for one-way entrances and two-way entrances are already installed, the elevators of this embodiment can be refurbished.
Thirdly, since there is no restriction that only calls that can answer in the same direction as the driving direction are involved, the number of stops per RTT is small and the RTT can be shortened.
Fourthly, since the destination floor of the passenger is fixed by adopting the landing destination floor registration method, the call answering time can be predicted, and the call waiting time and the waiting number in the route for responding to all registered calls are determined. It is possible to predict, search for a route having a minimum evaluation function value based on the average waiting time of the passengers and the power consumption of the elevator, and answer the call according to the optimum route.
Fifth, the priority order when getting off is set close to the exit where the passenger can intuition, and when the passenger gets off, if the elevator car is a one-way doorway that can open and close only the front door, the passenger should be In the case of a two-way entrance that allows the car to get off in the reverse order of the boarding and the car can open and close the doors on the front side and the back side, it adopts a method of getting the passengers to get off in the order of boarding, so that between the passenger and the exit Since there is no passenger on the destination floor different from the passenger's getting-off floor, there is little crossover with the passengers around when the passenger gets off, and the safety at the time of getting off of an elderly person or a handicapped person can be improved.
Sixth, because the number of passengers can be predicted and controlled by the passenger number prediction unit 26, the number of passengers in the car is controlled by the hall information output unit 29 or the like, so that the upper floor and the lower floors are pushed up. It is possible to prevent passengers from being trapped in the car by pushing down.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Call registration part 12 Car position detection part 13 Car direction detection part 14 Car speed detection part 15 Operation stop detection part 16 Boarding / alighting detection part 17 Load detection part 18 In-car information output part 19 Communication part 20 Control part 21 Storage part 22 Timekeeping Unit 23 Route Search Unit 24 Call Allocation Unit 25 Arrival Time Prediction Unit 26 Passenger Number Prediction Unit 27 Drive Unit 28 Braking Unit 29 Platform Information Output Unit

Claims (4)

An elevator in which a service unit is divided into two sectors, a lower sector including a reference floor of a building and an upper sector, and a control device is installed to operate a plurality of floors.
Call registration means provided at the service floor landing for passengers to register calls to the destination floor;
Storage means for storing information including the time of occurrence of the call registered by the call registration means;
Arrival time prediction means for predicting arrival time to the floor where the call is registered by the call registration means and arrival time to the destination floor for each route of the elevator;
Passenger number prediction means for predicting the number of passengers in the car between the stop floors for each route,
The elevator route candidate is created based on the call registered by the call registration means, and the call occurrence time and the arrival time prediction means stored by the storage means are predicted from the candidates. A value obtained by multiplying the evaluation value of the average waiting time of the passenger calculated based on information including the arrival time at the floor where the call is registered, and a passenger in the car predicted by the passenger number predicting means One direction in which the sum of the evaluation value of the power consumption of the elevator calculated based on the information including the number multiplied by the weighting coefficient is minimum, and the car can open and close only the front door. In the case of entrances and exits, passengers are dismounted in the reverse order of boarding, and in the case of a two-way entrance that allows the car to open and close the front and rear doors, the route that allows passengers to get off in the order of boarding is optimal. And route searching means for searching a road,
Call assignment means for sequentially assigning calls that are answered according to the optimum route searched by the route search means to the elevator;
Hall information output means installed at the hall to output information including boarding guidance to the car;
An elevator comprising car information output means installed in the car for outputting information including getting-off guidance from the car. The evaluation value of the average waiting time of the passenger is half the sum of the products of the average arrival rate of the passenger and the square of the unanswered time of each call responding for each candidate, and the average arrival rate of the passenger and the call Divided by the sum of products of unanswered times
The average arrival rate of the passengers uses a reciprocal of a sample average of a predetermined call occurrence time as a maximum likelihood estimate,
The call unanswered time is a time from a call occurrence time stored in the storage means to an arrival time at the registered floor of the call predicted by the arrival time prediction means. The elevator according to claim 1 . The evaluation value of the power consumption of the elevator is obtained by multiplying the absolute value of the difference between the number of passengers by the passenger number predicting means and the half of the capacity of the car in each traveling between the stop floors for each candidate by the number of traveling floors. The sum,
When the number of passengers by the passenger number prediction means uses the product of the average arrival rate of the passengers at the stop floor and the unanswered time of the call as an estimated value of the number of passengers, the stop floor is the destination floor in the candidate The elevator according to claim 1 , wherein the elevator is calculated by using the estimated number of people getting off as an estimated value of the number of people getting off. When the passenger number predicting means predicts that the number of passengers exceeds half of the capacity of the car in the lower floor of the service floor, the number of passengers in the lower floor is determined by the hall information output means and the call assigning means. Control it to be less than half the capacity of the cage,
When the passenger number predicting means predicts that the number of passengers is less than half of the car capacity at the upper floor of the service floor, the number of passengers at the upper floor is calculated by the hall information output means and the call assigning means. The elevator according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the elevator is controlled so as to be more than half of the capacity of the car.

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