JP6577934B2 - 治療および医薬目的のための活性剤を経皮送達するためのイオン導入システム - Google Patents
治療および医薬目的のための活性剤を経皮送達するためのイオン導入システム Download PDFInfo
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Description
図1は、1つ以上の実施の形態による、活性剤を経皮送達するためのイオン導入システムを示している。システム100が、配置(すなわち、動作)状態で示されており、医薬または治療(「活性」)剤102の使用者の組織中への経皮送達を可能にするように組み合わされた、一対の活性電極110,112および交流電源108を備えている。治療剤102は、1種類以上の薬物または他の治療剤を含み得る。配置状態において、一対の電極アセンブリ110,112は、使用者の外皮層上に配置されている。1つの実施の形態において、交流電源108は、対になった電極アセンブリの一方(図1において電極アセンブリ110として示されている)から活性剤102を分配させる。より詳しくは、活性剤102は、イオン電荷を有するように選択され、交流電源108は、電極アセンブリ110に接続されて、交流電源が活性剤と同じ極性を有する場合に、活性剤102を使用者の皮膚層にはじき出す。よって、活性剤102を皮膚層に分配させる駆動機構/駆動力は、断続的かつ交互である(電源108の出力に一致する)。
図2は、別の実施の形態において、電極アセンブリの対の各々が、活性剤を皮膚層中に分散させるように備えられている代わりの実施の形態を示している。より詳しくは、図2の実施の形態は、第1と第2の電極アセンブリ210,212を示しており、その各々は、図1の第1の電極アセンブリ110について示した構造と同様の構造を含み得る。したがって、第1と第2の電極アセンブリ210,212の各々は、接触厚さ218の上に、またはそれに対して動作関係で配置された電極230を含む。各電極アセンブリ210,212の接触厚さ218は、エラストマーまたは他の可撓性高分子材の層から製造されたパッチの形態にあってよい。接触厚さ218は、例えば、それぞれの電極アセンブリ210,212が、使用者の皮膚層上に配置できるようにするための接着剤を含んでもよい。同様に、各電極アセンブリ210,212の電極230は、コネクタ232に延在するまたは接続する1つ以上の金属層または素子(例えば、配線、接触素子など)に相当する。このコネクタは、次に、電極230を電源208の導線233に接続する。各電極アセンブリ210,212上に、電極230は、接触厚さ218とは別の層を含んでもよく、その層は、活性剤202を保有する媒質222を含む。しかしながら、いくつかの変種において、電極230は、接触厚さ218と一体化されたまたはそれに設けられた、粒子または接触素子などの素子を含む。1つの実施の形態において、電極230は、金属(例えば、銀)または導電性炭素材(グラファイト板)などの導電性材料からなる。
図4は、図1から図3に関して記載したような実施の形態に使用するための交流電源を示す。波形発生器400は、蓄電池(または太陽電池などの他の電源)からDC電流を受け取るための入力を有し、その入力を整形された波形に変換する。整形波形の例は、正弦波、方形波、台形波、または他の同様な波形であってよい。特に、方形波などのある種の波形は、短いまたは長い周波数であってよい。短い周波数の波形は、毎秒数回繰り返してもよく(例えば、1/60秒)、長い周波数の波形は、数分間に亘り(例えば、20分間)一度繰り返してもよい。波形の発生において、ある実施の形態では、約1から100ボルトの範囲にある電圧を使用する。
用途
ここに記載された実施の形態には、数多くの用途がある。表1は、例えば、先に記載されたような電極アセンブリのシステムを使用して、様々な薬物および他の活性剤により処理してよい様々な病状を列記している。この表は、その治療が、患者による始動、センサによる始動、時間指定された、または連続であり得るか否かを特定している。患者により始動される場合、電極アセンブリの動作(および活性剤の送達)を開始するために、電極アセンブリが配置状態にあるときに、使用者の入力機構342(図3)は、使用者により操作されるであろう。使用者により始動される用途の例としては、リドカインやフェンタニールなどの様々な鎮痛剤の送達が挙げられる。センサにより始動される使用は、使用者の状況が、特定された活性剤による治療を必要とするか否かを判定するために、使用者の身体とのインターフェースとなる1つ以上のセンサ344の使用を含む。センサで始動される用途の例としては、センサが、血糖値センサ(または高血糖症を検知するための他のセンサ手段)であり、一回の投与量のインスリンを投与する糖尿病の治療が挙げられる。送達期間をいつ開始/停止するかを判定するためにタイマー346を含む場合には、治療は時間指定される。
108,208,308 交流電源
110,112,210,212,310,312 電極アセンブリ
118,218 接触厚さ
122,222 媒質
130,230 電極
132,232 コネクタ
133,233 導線
Claims (18)
- 第1の電流値と第2の電流値との間で変動する、電荷の釣り合った交番する出力電流を提供する電源、及び、
各々が使用者の皮膚層と接触して保持されるように構成され、各々が前記出力電流を受け取るように前記電源に接続された電極を含む、一対の電極アセンブリであって、該一対の電極アセンブリの少なくとも一方が、電荷を有する活性剤を保有する媒質を含み、該媒質が、前記出力電流が前記活性剤の極性と同じ極性を有する期間に亘り、該出力電流が前記活性剤を前記皮膚層中にはじき出すことのでるように該少なくとも一方の電極アセンブリに設けられている、一対の電極アセンブリ、
を備えた治療および医薬目的のために活性剤を経皮送達するためのシステムであって、
前記電源が、(i)前記活性剤の極性と同じ極性を有する送達期間と(ii)前記活性剤の極性と反対の極性を有する非送達期間とを含む非対称な波形を有する前記出力電流を提供するように構成され、前記電源は、前記非送達期間の全期間にわたり、前記活性剤の極性とは反対の極性に前記出力電流を維持し、前記活性剤が前記皮膚層中に拡散することを防ぐことを特徴とするシステム。 - 前記出力電流が、前記活性剤が、該活性剤の極性の結果として、はじき出される場合と、次いで保持される場合との間で交番することを特徴とする請求項1記載のシステム。
- 前記電源が、約1秒間および約30分間の間に及ぶ期間を含む波形において前記出力電流を提供するように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載のシステム。
- 前記電源が、約1秒間未満の期間を含む波形において前記出力電流を提供するように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載のシステム。
- 前記電源が、前記出力電流の値がその最大値まで増加させられる上昇期間を含む波形において前記出力電流を提供するように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載のシステム。
- 前記電源が、(i)前記出力電流の値の最大値とその最小値との間に及ぶ基本波形、および(ii)該基本波形上に重畳された高周波波形を含むように前記出力電流を提供するように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項5記載のシステム。
- 前記電源が、前記出力電流が前記活性剤の極性と同じ極性を有する期間のみに、前記高周波波形を含むように該出力電流を提供するように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項6記載のシステム。
- 前記電極アセンブリの対の各電極アセンブリが、前記電荷を有する活性剤を保有する前記媒質を含み、よって、各電極アセンブリが、最大値と最小値との間で交番するその電極アセンブリにより受け取られる前記出力電流と一致する交番の場合において、前記活性剤が前記皮膚層に向けられるように該皮膚層上に配置できることを特徴とする請求項1記載のシステム。
- 前記活性剤が、第1鉄、第2鉄またはピロリン酸第2鉄を含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載のシステム。
- 各電極アセンブリが、前記活性剤を保持するための貯留部、および前記貯留部と流体連通した組織接触多孔質層をさらに含む接触厚さを含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載のシステム。
- 各電極アセンブリが、前記電極を前記電源に接続するコネクタを含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載のシステム。
- 前記電源が、実質的に正弦波、方形波、のこぎり波または台形波である波形を有するように前記出力電流を生成するように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載のシステム。
- 前記出力電流の期間中に第1と第2の電極アセンブリの間の電圧の最大絶対値が約1から約100ボルトの範囲にあることを特徴とする請求項1記載のシステム。
- 前記出力電流の最大絶対値が約0.1から4ミリアンペアの間にあることを特徴とする請求項1記載のシステム。
- 前記使用者の状態を検知するために該使用者に提供される1つ以上のセンサをさらに含み、該1つ以上のセンサが、前記電源を始動させて前記出力電流を供給し、前記使用者の状態の存在を検知した前記1つ以上のセンサに応答して前記活性剤の送達を可能にするために、前記皮膚層と接触して保持されたときに、前記電極アセンブリに連結されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載のシステム。
- 前記使用者の状態を検知するために該使用者に配置された1つ以上のセンサに対するインターフェースをさらに含み、該インターフェースが、前記電源を始動させて前記出力電流を供給し、前記使用者の状態の存在を検知した前記1つ以上のセンサに応答して前記活性剤の送達を可能にするように、前記電源に連結された、またはそれに組み込まれたことを特徴とする請求項1記載のシステム。
- 入力機構をさらに含み、該入力機構が、前記電源を始動させて前記出力電流を供給し、前記使用者の前記入力機構の操作に応答して前記活性剤の送達を可能にするように、前記電源に連結された、またはそれに組み込まれたことを特徴とする請求項1記載のシステム。
- 前記電源を始動させて、指定の期間後に前記出力電流を停止するまたは逆にさせるように、前記電源に連結される、またはそれに組み込まれたタイマーをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載のシステム。
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JP2014224056A Pending JP2015042303A (ja) | 2009-02-12 | 2014-11-04 | 治療および医薬目的のための活性剤を経皮送達するためのイオン導入システム |
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US20140243732A1 (en) | 2014-08-28 |
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US20190298995A1 (en) | 2019-10-03 |
WO2010093687A2 (en) | 2010-08-19 |
JP2017077487A (ja) | 2017-04-27 |
US20100204637A1 (en) | 2010-08-12 |
WO2010093546A2 (en) | 2010-08-19 |
EP2396073A2 (en) | 2011-12-21 |
CN102395403A (zh) | 2012-03-28 |
EP2396073B1 (en) | 2019-05-08 |
EP2396073A4 (en) | 2014-03-05 |
AU2010213975B2 (en) | 2014-08-28 |
US20120232464A1 (en) | 2012-09-13 |
US10245428B2 (en) | 2019-04-02 |
WO2010093546A3 (en) | 2010-12-09 |
AU2010213975A1 (en) | 2011-09-01 |
US8190252B2 (en) | 2012-05-29 |
US9533142B2 (en) | 2017-01-03 |
WO2010093687A3 (en) | 2010-11-25 |
JP2015042303A (ja) | 2015-03-05 |
US8744569B2 (en) | 2014-06-03 |
US20160367799A1 (en) | 2016-12-22 |
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