JP6543239B2 - Stacked motor and stacked generator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a laminated motor and a laminated generator in which a disk-shaped stator and a disk-shaped rotor are alternately laminated on a concentric circle in the vertical direction. Furthermore, by alternately stacking the stator and the rotor in the vertical direction, the magnetic flux density can be increased, and a higher output can be realized than in the conventional motor, or the power generation efficiency can be improved over the conventional generator. The present invention relates to a laminated motor and a laminated generator in which the occurrence of a leakage flux is hardly generated by controlling the magnetic flux density distribution by the arrangement of permanent magnets in the vertical direction based on magnetic field analysis and the like.

  In order to improve the output of the motor, it is necessary to increase the torque (rotational force). To increase the torque, it is conceivable to increase the magnetic field strength, increase the current value, increase the magnetic flux density, or the like. In a radial gap type motor, since the magnetic field strength is proportional to the current and the number of turns, usually the number of turns of the coil is increased to try to increase the torque, but the gap between the permanent magnet and the coil is large. If so, the efficiency decreases due to the cogging torque (the adverse effect due to the torque fluctuation). Furthermore, if the current is increased, heat is generated due to the electrical resistance (= loss of energy) of the conducting wire, and insulation between the conducting wires can not be maintained, so it is necessary to cool the motor with a refrigerant such as air or water. It is reducing the efficiency.

  On the other hand, in an axial gap type motor, cogging torque (a bad influence by torque fluctuation) does not occur, though it is more efficient than a radial gap type motor, coil winding method / number of turns, relationship between coil and permanent magnet, heat generation etc. In the conventional axial gap type motor (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-320364), if it is intended to realize the stator and the rotor only by one layer, they will be expanded in the direction in which the axis extends in the vertical direction. It can not be miniaturized.

  In both the radial gap type motor and the axial gap type motor, increasing the magnetic flux density by thickening the permanent magnet also increases the weight of the motor case that also serves as the yoke, and the magnetic flux flowing out to the yoke side is used I have not. Therefore, it is thought that there is a limit to the development of further ferromagnetic magnets in the flow of motor technology where development for increasing the magnetic flux density of the magnet itself is becoming mainstream. Incidentally, since the motor and the generator have the same structure, it can be said that the improvement of the output of the motor is closely related to the improvement of the power generation efficiency of the generator.

  On the other hand, development of hybrid cars and electric vehicles (transportation vehicles, machine tools, etc.), robots that provide nursing care and human life support, etc. is advanced as technology to support our future life such as energy problems and aging society It is done. In order to develop these products, it is said that motors smaller in size, easier to handle, energy efficient, and high output than those in the present situation will be indispensable. At present, the most popular electromagnetic motors are characterized by the fact that their weight increases with higher output and their heat generation amount increases, resulting in poor efficiency, which is a major drawback for motors used in automobiles and robots in the future. It will From the same point of view, since the motor and the generator have the same structure, it can be said that the high output miniaturization of the motor is closely related to the improvement of the power generation efficiency of the generator.

  Patent document 1 discloses “an axis line and a plurality of layers spaced along the axis line, each of which is an elongated wire section generally directed in the radial direction with respect to the axis line. A stator including a wire phase assembly having windings having a winding, and a rotor having an axis coaxial with the stator, the shaft rotatably coupled to the stator, permeability, an axis, a first And a second surface and a plurality of fan-shaped poles, with an axial distance between said surfaces defining a thickness, each pole of said first surface being laterally adjacent to said first surface Two annular external magnets coaxially connected to said axis, of opposite polarity to the pole and of opposite polarity to the axially adjacent pole of said second surface, each having a permeability, an axis, a second Have an axial distance between the first and second faces and the plurality of sector poles, the faces defining the thickness The respective pole of the first surface being of opposite polarity to the laterally adjacent pole of the first surface and of opposite polarity to the axially adjacent pole of the second surface, At least one annular central magnet coaxially connected with said axis between the outer magnets, one of said first and second faces of each sector of each magnet being adjacent having the opposite polarity One of the first and second faces of the outer magnet, the rotor having a pole fixedly aligned with the pole of the magnet, each having a permeability greater than the permeability of the outer magnet, each of the first and second faces of the outer magnet A motor / generator with two end caps arranged adjacent to one another (US Pat. No. 5,648,869, claim 1 as it is). That is, there is disclosed a motor / generator having a structure in which a stator and a rotor are stacked at intervals in the vertical direction (Patent Document 1: title of the invention).

JP 2001-510677

  The motor / generator according to Patent Document 1 (Patent Document 1: Title of Invention) is certainly a motor in which a stator and a rotor are vertically stacked at an interval (Patent Document 1: see FIG. 3 etc.) Although there is no device for the flux line distribution of permanent magnets stacked by alternately stacking the stator and the rotor in the vertical direction, there is no countermeasure against so-called leakage flux at all. . For this reason, it is considered that there is a disadvantage that it is not suitable for use in precision equipment or the like, which is affected in particular by leakage of magnetic flux to the outside.

  The object of the present invention is to increase the magnetic flux density by alternately laminating the stator and the rotor in the vertical direction, and achieve higher output than the conventional motor, and in the vertical direction based on the magnetic field analysis An object of the present invention is to provide a laminated motor having almost no leakage flux by controlling the magnetic flux density distribution by the arrangement of permanent magnets and the like.

In order to solve the above problems, the invention described in claim 1 is a fixing formed by alternately laminating a plurality of hollow disk-shaped stators and a plurality of hollow disk-shaped rotors on concentric circles. It is a laminated motor comprising a rotor, a rotor and a central axis, wherein the rotor is fixed to the outer periphery of the central axis and concentrically installed at a predetermined interval, and the stator is The stator is concentrically disposed between the rotors, and the stator includes a plurality of winding coils disposed at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction, and the rotor is circumferentially arranged. The plurality of permanent magnets are disposed at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction, and the plurality of permanent magnets have magnetic flux density gradually increasing toward the center in the vertical direction, and take a maximum value at the center of the stack. Arranged in the vertical direction or And the magnetic flux density at both ends of the layer to a maximum, and is characterized in that the magnetic flux density is laminated motor arranged to be small in the other parts.

The invention described in claim 2 is a laminated motor formed by alternately laminating a plurality of hollow disk-shaped stators and a plurality of hollow disk-shaped rotors on concentric circles, The rotors are concentrically disposed at a predetermined distance, and the rotor is concentrically disposed between the stator and the stator, and the stators are circumferentially spaced by a predetermined distance. The rotor is provided with a plurality of permanent magnets arranged at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction, the plurality of permanent magnets being The magnetic flux density is gradually increased toward the center in the vertical direction, and arranged so as to take the maximum value in the central portion of the stack, or the magnetic flux density at both ends of the stack is maximized in the vertical direction. Magnetic flux density decreases at It is characterized in that it is laminated motor that urchin arrangement.

The invention described in claim 3 is a stator, a rotor and a central axis formed by alternately laminating a plurality of hollow disk-shaped stators and a plurality of hollow disk-shaped rotors on concentric circles. In the laminated generator, the rotor is fixed to the outer periphery of the central axis and concentrically installed at a predetermined interval, and the stator is a concentric circle between the rotor and the rotor. are installed above,
The stator includes a plurality of winding coils disposed at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction, and the rotor is provided with a plurality of permanent magnets disposed at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction. The magnets are provided, and the plurality of permanent magnets are arranged such that the magnetic flux density gradually increases toward the center in the vertical direction and takes a maximum value at the center of the stack, or both ends of the stack in the vertical direction It is characterized in that it is a laminated generator arranged so as to maximize the magnetic flux density of (1) and to decrease the magnetic flux density in the other parts .

The invention described in claim 3 is a laminated generator formed by alternately laminating a plurality of hollow disk-shaped stators and a plurality of hollow disk-shaped rotors on concentric circles, The stators are concentrically disposed at predetermined intervals, and the rotor is concentrically disposed between the stators and the stators, and the stators are circumferentially formed. The rotor comprises a plurality of spaced apart wound coils, and the rotor comprises a plurality of permanent magnets arranged at predetermined intervals along a circumferential direction, the plurality of permanent magnets Is arranged so that the magnetic flux density gradually increases toward the center in the vertical direction and takes a maximum value at the center of the stack, or the flux density at the both ends of the stack is maximized in the vertical direction, The magnetic flux density will be smaller in the part It is characterized in that it is laminated generator placed.

  In the invention described in claim 5, in the invention described in any one of claims 1 to 4, the stator is provided with a plurality of permanent magnets arranged at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction. The rotor is a laminated motor or a laminated generator including a plurality of winding coils disposed at predetermined intervals along a circumferential direction.

  In the invention described in claim 6, in the invention described in any one of claims 1 to 5, a ring-shaped spacer ring is provided at the outer end of the gap generated between the stator and the stator. It is characterized in that it is a laminated motor or a laminated generator interposed while being integrated with the stator.

  In the invention described in claim 7, in the invention described in any one of claims 1 to 5, a ring-shaped spacer ring is provided at the outer end of the gap generated between the rotor and the rotor. It is characterized in that it is a laminated motor or a laminated generator interposed while being integrated with the rotor.

  Briefly speaking, the features of the present invention are a laminated motor formed by alternately laminating a plurality of hollow disk-shaped stators and a plurality of hollow disk-shaped rotors on concentric circles, or a plurality of hollows This is a laminated generator formed by alternately laminating a disk-shaped stator and a plurality of hollow disk-shaped rotors on concentric circles. The laminated motor and the laminated generator according to the present invention can have various configurations as described below. That is, a configuration in which the inner side fixed to the central axis etc. becomes the rotor and the outer side not fixed to the central axis becomes the stator (inner rotation specification), conversely, a cylindrical structure etc. installed in the central cylindrical space The inner side fixed to is the stator and the outer side is the rotor (outer rotation specification). Furthermore, there is a configuration in which permanent magnets are disposed in the rotor and winding coils are disposed in the stator, and conversely, there is a configuration in which permanent magnets are disposed in the stator and winding coils are disposed in the rotor. The present invention can take various variations in consideration of the combination of the configurations described above.

  As an example from among the above variations, the effect of the present invention will be described for an inner rotation specification in which a winding coil (permanent magnet on a stator) is disposed in a rotor, a plurality of hollow disk-shaped rotors Are fixed concentrically while taking a predetermined distance (vertical direction) on the outer periphery of the central axis. Each hollow disk-shaped rotor includes a plurality of winding coils disposed at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction.

  On the other hand, a plurality of hollow disk-shaped stators are concentrically disposed between the hollow disk-shaped rotor and the hollow disk-shaped rotor, and each stator has a predetermined interval along the circumferential direction. It has a plurality of permanent magnets placed and placed. In this manner, by alternately stacking the stator and the rotor in the vertical direction (arranged such that the south pole and the north pole of the permanent magnet are alternately arranged in the vertical direction), the magnetic field lines emerging from the individual permanent magnets are combined in the vertical direction By doing this, it is possible to increase the magnetic flux density, to realize higher output than the conventional motor, and to improve the power generation efficiency more than the conventional generator.

  Further, according to the present invention, there are provided a laminated motor and a laminated generator in which permanent magnets having different magnetic flux densities in the vertical direction are arranged (arranged such that the south pole and the north pole of the permanent magnet are alternately arranged in the vertical direction). Therefore, it is possible to increase the magnetic flux density and achieve higher output than the conventional motor (to improve the power generation efficiency over the conventional generator), and to change the permanent magnet having different magnetic flux density in the vertical direction based on magnetic field analysis. By controlling the distribution of magnetic lines of force by the arrangement of magnets, etc., it has become possible to realize a laminated motor and a laminated generator having almost no leakage flux.

  Furthermore, a ring-shaped spacer ring is formed at the outer end of the gap formed between the vertically stacked hollow disk stator (or rotor) and the hollow disk stator (or rotor). Since it is a laminated motor and a laminated generator that are integrated while being integrated with (or a rotor), the magnetic flux line is controlled by changing the thickness of the ring-shaped spacer ring depending on each layer, and the leakage flux is It has become possible to realize a laminated motor and a laminated generator that have almost nothing.

By forming a laminated motor, torque to be generated in one layer can be shared by a plurality of layers, and miniaturization can be achieved. If the motor can be miniaturized, it is considered that the possibility of expanding various applications will come out. Nowadays, as the cause of global warming, the suppression of CO ₂ emissions is called for, and it is thought that the development of efficient axial gap motors, including the use of natural energy, will be the mainstream as a future trend in the world .

  Furthermore, by using a laminated motor, the number of turns of the conductor can be changed in each layer, and the torque output of the motor can now be controlled more finely than the current motor, so the design of the product Even if there is an excess or deficiency in the motor output due to a problem, etc., it is possible to cope with this by adjusting the number of laminated rotors and stators, and it is not necessary to replace the motor itself. It can be reduced.

It is a figure for demonstrating the basic structure of the laminated motor which concerns on a present Example, and a generator. It is the figure which showed the hollow disk shaped rotor (or stator) which arranged the permanent magnet at predetermined intervals. It is the figure which showed the hollow disk shaped rotor (or stator) which arranged the winding coil at predetermined intervals. It is a figure for demonstrating the structure which arrange | positions the permanent magnet from which the magnitude | size of a magnetic field differs in the orthogonal | vertical direction. It is a sectional view of a lamination type motor of inner rotation specification. It is a whole top view of the lamination type generator as an example.

<Basic structure of laminated motor and laminated generator>
Hereinafter, the basic structure of the laminated motor 10 and the laminated generator 11 according to the present invention will be described in detail based on FIGS. 1 to 3. As an embodiment embodying the technical idea of the present invention, the details of the invention will be described centering on the laminated motor 10 of the inner rotation specification in which the central shaft 50 rotates as shown in FIG. In addition, when viewing FIG. 1 as the laminated motor 10 (each reference numeral is written in parentheses) in the outer rotation specification, the stator 20 and the rotor 30 fixed to a cylindrical structure or the like installed in the central cylindrical space 40 Are alternately stacked. Further, the basic structure of the laminated generator 11 according to the present invention is exactly the same as that of the laminated motor 10.

  FIG. 1 is a view for explaining the basic structure of a laminated motor 10 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a view showing a hollow disk-shaped rotor 30 (or stator 20) in which permanent magnets 70 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the laminated motor 10 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 3 is a view showing a hollow disk-shaped rotor 30 (or the stator 20) in which the winding coils 60 are disposed at predetermined intervals in the laminated motor 10 according to the present embodiment.

  As described in FIG. 1, when the laminated motor 10 according to the present invention is briefly expressed, a plurality of hollow disk shaped stators 20 and a plurality of hollow disk shaped rotors 30 are alternately arranged on a concentric circle. A laminated motor 10 formed by laminating (in the outer rotation specification, a plurality of hollow disk-like stators (30) and a plurality of hollow disk-like rotors (20) are alternately laminated on concentric circles To form a laminated motor 10).

  And, as shown in FIG. 2, each stator 20 is provided with a plurality of permanent magnets 70 arranged at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction, and as shown in FIG. Each rotor 30 is provided with a plurality of winding coils 60 arranged at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction. The stator 20 of the laminated motor 10 according to the present invention may be configured to include a plurality of winding coils 60 arranged at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction, and the lamination according to the present invention The rotor 30 of the motor 10 may be configured to include a plurality of permanent magnets 70 arranged at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction.

  FIG. 4 is a view for explaining a configuration in which permanent magnets 70 having different magnitudes of the magnetic field are arranged in the vertical direction in the laminated motor 10 according to the present invention. In short, in order to explain the further feature in the present invention, it is the figure which extracted only a plurality of stators 20 (or rotors 30) which arranged permanent magnet 70 in the circumferential direction.

  According to the present invention, magnetic lines of force generated from the individual permanent magnets 70 by alternately stacking the stator 20 and the rotor 30 in the vertical direction (arranged such that the S pole and the N pole of the permanent magnet 70 vertically face each other) In addition to the feature that the magnetic flux density is increased as a whole by combining in the vertical direction, as a further feature, control of magnetic field line distribution by arrangement of permanent magnets 70 having different magnetic flux density in the vertical direction based on magnetic field analysis. The laminated motor 10 and the laminated generator 11 with almost no leakage flux can be realized.

  Control of the above-described magnetic force line distribution will be specifically described. As shown in FIG. 4, when only the plurality of stators 20 (or the rotors 30) in which the permanent magnets 70 are arranged in the circumferential direction are extracted and viewed, the laminated motor 10 according to the present invention has magnetic flux in the vertical direction It can be seen that the permanent magnets 70 with different densities are stacked at predetermined intervals. In the partial enlarged view of FIG. 4, the magnitude of the magnetic flux density is expressed by the thickness of the permanent magnet 70 for ease of explanation. That is, it indicates that the thicker the permanent magnet 70 is, the larger the magnetic flux density is. In the partial enlarged view on the upper right of FIG. 4, the magnetic flux density is arranged in the order of small, middle, large, middle and small from the top, in other words, the magnetic flux density gradually increases toward the center , Is arranged to take a maximum value at the center of the stack. On the other hand, in the partial enlarged view at the lower right, the magnetic flux density is arranged in the order of high, low, low, low and high magnetic flux from the top, in other words, both ends (upper end and lower end) of the lamination The permanent magnet is disposed such that the magnetic flux density of the magnetic flux density is maximized and the magnetic flux density is reduced in the other portions.

  Although the analysis result by magnetic field analysis is taken into consideration as the basis of the arrangement of the permanent magnet 70 described above, the arrangement of the permanent magnet 70 is considered to be particularly small in magnetic flux leakage in the current magnetic field analysis results. It is. However, according to the concept of the present invention, it is not limited to the arrangement of the permanent magnet 70 as described above, and furthermore, if the arrangement of the permanent magnet 70 with less magnetic field leakage is found, the permanent magnet 70 as described above It is needless to say that these should be adopted without being restricted by the arrangement of.

<Embodiment of laminated motor and laminated generator>
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a laminated motor 10 and a laminated generator 11 according to the present invention will be described in detail based on FIGS. 5 to 6. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the laminated motor 10 of the inner rotation specification according to the present embodiment. FIG. 6 is an overall top view of the stacked generator 11 according to the present embodiment.

  As described in FIG. 5, the laminated motor 10 according to the present embodiment is fixed to the central shaft 50 and is not fixed to the central shaft 50 with the rotor 30 rotating in conjunction with the rotation of the central shaft 50. It comprises a stator 20. The positional relationship between the stator 20 and the rotor 30 is such that the stator 20 is between the rotor 30 and the rotor 30, the rotor 30 is between the stator 20 and the stator 20, and so on. In order to prevent the rotation of the rotor 30 from being disturbed alternately in the directions, they are installed at predetermined intervals. A rotor 30 and a rotor 30 installed on the upper side of the rotor 30 (with the stator 20 interposed therebetween) or lower side thereof (with the stator 20 interposed therebetween) or upper and lower sides of the stator 20 interposed with the stator 20 Are integrated via a spacer ring 80 so that each rotor 30 does not fall apart.

FIG. 6 is an overall top view of the stacked generator 11 according to the present embodiment. The laminated generator 11 according to the present invention is formed by alternately laminating a plurality of hollow disk-shaped stators 20 and a plurality of hollow disk-shaped rotors 30 on a concentric circle. As shown in FIG. 6, a central portion cylindrical space 40 formed simultaneously by alternately laminating a plurality of hollow disk stators 20 and a plurality of hollow disk rotors 30 on concentric circles. , And a plurality of blades connected to the rotor 30 are installed. Use as a laminated-type hydroelectric generator by rotating the blades in conjunction with the rotation of the blades by rotating the blades by flowing water or the like through the plurality of blades installed in the central portion cylindrical space 40 Can.
<Effect of stacked motor and stacked generator>

  Briefly speaking, the features of the present invention are formed by alternately laminating a plurality of hollow disk-shaped stators 20 and a plurality of hollow disk-shaped rotors 30 on concentric circles. . The laminated motor 10 according to the present invention and the laminated generator 11 have an inner rotation specification in which the inner side fixed to the central shaft 50 (a columnar structure or the like installed in the central cylindrical space 40) is the rotor 30; There is an outer rotation specification in which the outer side is the rotor 30. In each specification, the permanent magnet 70 is disposed on the rotor 30 and the winding coil 60 is disposed on the stator 20. Conversely, the permanent magnet 70 is disposed on the stator 20 and the winding is disposed on the rotor 30. Since the coil 60 is arranged, four types of specifications can be considered in combination. In addition to these, it is possible to select the central axis 50 or the central tubular space 40.

  In the present embodiment, a plurality of stators 20 are concentrically fixed on the outer periphery of the central shaft 50 (or a cylindrical structure or the like installed in the central tubular space 40) at predetermined intervals, along the circumferential direction. And a plurality of winding coils 60 arranged at predetermined intervals, and the rotor 30 is concentrically disposed between the fixed 20 and the stator 20, and the predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction Of the stator 20 and the rotor 30 alternately arranged in the vertical direction (arranged so that the south pole and the north pole are alternately arranged in the vertical direction). Enables magnetic flux density to be increased by combining magnetic field lines emitted from individual permanent magnets 70 in the vertical direction, and higher output than conventional motors can be realized, and power generation efficiency compared to conventional generators. Can improve I became.

  Further, according to the present invention, the laminated motor 10 in which the permanent magnets 70 having different magnitudes of the magnetic field are arranged in the vertical direction (arranged so that the S pole and the N pole are alternately arranged in the vertical direction) Therefore, the magnetic flux density can be increased to achieve higher output than the conventional motor, and the arrangement of the permanent magnet 70 in the vertical direction based on the magnetic field analysis etc. (The magnitude of the magnetic field is different in the vertical direction By controlling the magnetic flux density distribution in which permanent magnets are arranged, it is possible to realize a laminated motor 10 and a laminated generator 11 with almost no leakage flux.

  Then, a ring-shaped spacer ring 80 is integrated with the stator 20 (or the rotor 30) at the outer end of the gap generated between the stator 20 (or the rotor 30) and the stator 20 (or the rotor 30) Since the laminated motor 10 and the laminated generator 11 to be interposed while forming the same, it is possible to control the magnetic flux density distribution by changing the thickness of the ring-shaped spacer ring 80 depending on each layer, and to make the leakage flux almost It has become possible to realize a stacked motor 10 and a stacked generator 11 that do not exist.

  Furthermore, in the laminated motor 10 and the laminated generator 11 of the outer rotation specification, a certain rotor 30 and the upper side of the rotor 30 (on both sides of the stator 20) or the lower side (on both sides of the stator 20) The rotors 30 installed at the upper and lower sides (on both sides of the stator 20) are integrated via a spacer ring 80 so that the respective rotors 30 do not fall apart. That is, since the rotors 30 are fixed to each other via the spacer ring 80, the arrangement of the permanent magnets 70 in the vertical direction does not vary. That is, since there is no deviation in the positional relationship in the vertical direction, the arrangement in the vertical direction of the permanent magnets whose magnetic flux leakage is minimized even by rotation is not broken.

<Modified example of laminated motor and laminated generator>
The laminated motor and the laminated generator according to the present invention are not limited to the aspect of each embodiment described above, and the stator, the rotor, the central cylindrical space, the central axis, the winding coil, The configurations of the permanent magnet, the spacer ring, and the like can be appropriately changed as needed without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, by changing the magnetic flux density of the permanent magnet in the vertical direction, not by controlling the magnetic flux density distribution, but controlling the magnetic flux density distribution by changing the number of turns of the winding coil in the vertical direction based on magnetic field analysis. Thus, it is possible to realize a laminated motor and a laminated generator having almost no leakage flux.

  Since the laminated motor and the laminated generator according to the present invention exhibit the excellent effects as described above, they can achieve higher output than the conventional motor, or the power generation efficiency than the conventional generator. In the field of motors and in the field of generators, which can be used to improve power, it can be suitably used as a high output and miniaturized motor and generator.

10 · · Stacked motor 11 · · Stacked generator 20 · · Stator 30 · · Rotor 40 · · · Core portion cylindrical space 50 · · Center shaft 60 · · Winding coil 70 · · Permanent magnet 80 · · · Spacer ring

Claims (7)

A laminated motor comprising a stator, a rotor, and a central axis formed by alternately laminating a plurality of hollow disk stators and a plurality of hollow disk rotors on concentric circles,
The rotor is fixed to the outer periphery of the central axis and concentrically installed at a predetermined interval,
The stator is disposed concentrically between the rotor and the rotor ,
The stator comprises a plurality of winding coils arranged at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction,
The rotor comprises a plurality of permanent magnets arranged at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction,
The plurality of permanent magnets are arranged such that the magnetic flux density gradually increases toward the center in the vertical direction, and takes a maximum value at the center of the stack, or maximizes the magnetic flux density at both ends of the stack in the vertical direction. The stacked motor is characterized in that the magnetic flux density is reduced in the other part . A laminated motor is formed by alternately laminating a plurality of hollow disk stators and a plurality of hollow disk rotors on concentric circles,
The stators are concentrically disposed at predetermined intervals,
The rotor is disposed concentrically between the stator and the stator ,
The stator comprises a plurality of winding coils arranged at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction,
The rotor comprises a plurality of permanent magnets arranged at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction,
The plurality of permanent magnets are arranged such that the magnetic flux density gradually increases toward the center in the vertical direction, and takes a maximum value at the center of the stack, or maximizes the magnetic flux density at both ends of the stack in the vertical direction. The stacked motor is characterized in that the magnetic flux density is reduced in the other part . A laminated generator comprising a stator, a rotor, and a central axis formed by alternately laminating a plurality of hollow disk stators and a plurality of hollow disk rotors on concentric circles,
The rotor is fixed to the outer periphery of the central axis and concentrically installed at a predetermined interval,
The stator is disposed concentrically between the rotor and the rotor ,
The stator comprises a plurality of winding coils arranged at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction,
The rotor comprises a plurality of permanent magnets arranged at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction,
The plurality of permanent magnets are arranged such that the magnetic flux density gradually increases toward the center in the vertical direction, and takes a maximum value at the center of the stack, or maximizes the magnetic flux density at both ends of the stack in the vertical direction. The stacked generator is characterized in that the magnetic flux density is reduced in the other parts . A laminated generator formed by alternately laminating a plurality of hollow disk stators and a plurality of hollow disk rotors on concentric circles,
The stators are concentrically disposed at predetermined intervals,
The rotor is disposed concentrically between the stator and the stator ,
The stator comprises a plurality of winding coils arranged at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction,
The rotor comprises a plurality of permanent magnets arranged at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction,
The plurality of permanent magnets are arranged such that the magnetic flux density gradually increases toward the center in the vertical direction, and takes a maximum value at the center of the stack, or maximizes the magnetic flux density at both ends of the stack in the vertical direction. The stacked generator is characterized in that the magnetic flux density is reduced in the other parts .   The stator includes a plurality of permanent magnets disposed at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction, and the rotor includes a plurality of windings disposed at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction. The laminated motor or the laminated generator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a coil.   The ring-shaped spacer ring is made to be integrated in the outer end of the gap generated between the stator and the stator while being integrated with the stator. Stacked motor or stacked generator as described.   6. The spacer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a ring-shaped spacer ring is interposed integrally with the rotor at the outer end of the gap formed between the rotor and the rotor. Stacked motor or stacked generator as described.

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